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Srivastav S, Awasthi M, Saraswat S. Impact of demographic profile on nutritional labelling usage by working women
population of Varanasi, India. Food Res 2022. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.6(4).729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional labelling is the nutritional description of the food on the label to help the
consumer in food selection. The present study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and
practices adopted by the subjects and correlate them to have a better understanding of their
nutritional background. Nutrition labels are a prominent first-glance article that needs to
be very catchy and easy to interpret. The organizations responsible for formulating the
rules and regulations must keep them updated and devise new formats of the display to
enhance the usage of food labels up to the maximum possible level. A cross-sectional
research study on 100 working women of Varanasi, aged between 20-50 years was
conducted through a self-structured questionnaire to evaluate their KAP level. In view of
the COVID-19 pandemic, the questionnaire was administered to the respondents through
the online medium using Google forms. It can be inferred from the study that 58 % of the
total respondents surveyed were aware of the labels, 61% of them had a positive attitude
towards its usage but only 52% practised healthy shopping more often. About 70% of the
participants preferred back-of-pack labelling rather than front-of-pack because the former
provides elaborative information. The factors like qualification and occupation of women
participants had negative associations with the satisfaction of the display format. The
women having knowledge regarding traffic light labelling showed a positive association
with the usefulness of the same. The average practice percentage adopted by the
consumers had a negative association with factors like qualification, income, and
occupation. The need for simplifying the display format and providing basic nutrition
information to the population is highlighted in this study.
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Meethil A, Saraswat S, Chaudhary P, Dabdoub S, Kumar P. Response to Letters to the Editor, " Sources of SARS CoV-2 and Other Microorganisms in Dental Aerosols". J Dent Res 2022; 101:238-239. [PMID: 34928739 PMCID: PMC8905216 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211062090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Meethil
- Division of Periodontology, College of
Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - S. Saraswat
- Division of Periodontology, College of
Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - P.P. Chaudhary
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and
Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - S. Dabdoub
- Division of Periodontology, College of
Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - P. Kumar
- Division of Periodontology, College of
Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA,James Cancer Center, The Ohio State
University, Columbus, OH, USA,P. Kumar, Division of Periodontology, College of
Dentistry, The Ohio State University, 4111 Postle Hall, 305, W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH
43210, USA.
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Abstract
On March 16, 2020, 198,000 dentists in the United States closed their doors to patients, fueled by concerns that aerosols generated during dental procedures are potential vehicles for transmission of respiratory pathogens through saliva. Our knowledge of these aerosol constituents is sparse and gleaned from case reports and poorly controlled studies. Therefore, we tracked the origins of microbiota in aerosols generated during ultrasonic scaling, implant osteotomy, and restorative procedures by combining reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (to identify and quantify SARS-CoV-2) and 16S sequencing (to characterize the entire microbiome) with fine-scale enumeration and source tracking. Linear discriminant analysis of Bray-Curtis dissimilarity distances revealed significant class separation between the salivary microbiome and aerosol microbiota deposited on the operator, patient, assistant, or the environment (P < 0.01, analysis of similarities). We also discovered that 78% of the microbiota in condensate could be traced to the dental irrigant, while saliva contributed to a median of 0% of aerosol microbiota. We also identified low copy numbers of SARS-CoV-2 virus in the saliva of several asymptomatic patients but none in aerosols generated from these patients. Together, the bacterial and viral data encourage us to conclude that when infection control measures are used, such as preoperative mouth rinses and intraoral high-volume evacuation, dental treatment is not a factor in increasing the risk for transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic patients and that standard infection control practices are sufficiently capable of protecting personnel and patients from exposure to potential pathogens. This information is of immediate urgency, not only for safe resumption of dental treatment during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, but also to inform evidence-based selection of personal protection equipment and infection control practices at a time when resources are stretched and personal protection equipment needs to be prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.P. Meethil
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - S. Saraswat
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - P.P. Chaudhary
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - S.M. Dabdoub
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - P.S. Kumar
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- James Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- P.S. Kumar, Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, 4111 Postle Hall, 305, W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Saraswat S, Kharche SD, Rout PK, Pawaiya R, Gangwar C, Swain DK, Kaushik R. Molecular expression and identification of caprine estrogen receptor gene 1 for fertility status in bucks. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:1080-1092. [PMID: 32531861 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen and its receptors are essential for sexual development and reproduction. Oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is a nuclear receptor activated by the hormone oestrogen. In male, ERα is encoded by the gene ESR1 (oestrogen receptor1) responsible for better fertility. ESR1 is involved in the reabsorption of luminal fluid during the transit of spermatozoa from the testis to the head of the epididymis which is important for their survival and maturation during epididymal storage. The absence of ESR1 leads to reduced epididymal sperm content, reduced sperm motility and fertilizing ability. The present study was undertaken to investigate the expression and presence of ESR1 gene in fertile and low-fertile male goat breeds. We identified ESR1 gene through various molecular tools. Genotyping was carried out by high resonance melting analysis using Roche Light Cycler 480(LC-480) system and found three different genotypes. Genotypic frequency-AA (blue-0.67), BB(Red-0.2), AB(Green-0.08) with allele frequency A(0.71 and B (0.29). The predominance of this gene in head of epididymis in fertile bucks was confirmed by SDS-PAGE, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. From the results, we corroborated that the present study provides a useful and effective way to predict male fertility in goat breeds, which in turn increases the percentage of fertility in flock leading to more number of offspring in a kidding season.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Saraswat
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S D Kharche
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P K Rout
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Pawaiya
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - C Gangwar
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - D K Swain
- Department of Physiology, DUVASU, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Kaushik
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Saraswat S, Rout PK, Kharche SD, Jindal SK, Goel AK. Molecular expression of caprine estrogen receptor gene 1 in reproductive and non-reproductive tissues. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:1049-1054. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Saraswat
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on goats; Mathura India
| | - PK Rout
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on goats; Mathura India
| | - SD Kharche
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on goats; Mathura India
| | - SK Jindal
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on goats; Mathura India
| | - AK Goel
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on goats; Mathura India
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Saraswat S, Rout PK, Kharche SD, Goel AK, Jindal SK, Kumar S. Estrogen receptor gene 1 expression in caprine and its effect on fertility. Iran J Vet Res 2016; 17:207-209. [PMID: 27822253 PMCID: PMC5090157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to analyze the expression pattern of estrogen receptor 1 gene (ESR1) in Barbari bucks (fertile and non-fertile) identified on the basis of seminal quality traits and fertility trials. RNA was extracted from the spleen by Trizol method. The expression pattern of ESR1 gene was analyzed using real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The expression pattern of ESR1 gene was analyzed by RT-PCR (Roche LC-480). Relative quantification by RT-PCR indicated that the ESR1 gene expression showed more fold in fertile bucks as compared to non-fertile.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Saraswat
- Physiology Reproduction and Shelter Management (PRSM) Division, Central Institute for Research on Goats (CIRG), Makhdoom, Farah-281122, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P. K. Rout
- GGB Division, Central Institute for Research on goats (CIRG), Makhdoom, Farah-281122, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S. D. Kharche
- Physiology Reproduction and Shelter Management (PRSM) Division, Central Institute for Research on Goats (CIRG), Makhdoom, Farah-281122, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A. K. Goel
- Physiology Reproduction and Shelter Management (PRSM) Division, Central Institute for Research on Goats (CIRG), Makhdoom, Farah-281122, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S. K. Jindal
- Physiology Reproduction and Shelter Management (PRSM) Division, Central Institute for Research on Goats (CIRG), Makhdoom, Farah-281122, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S. Kumar
- Physiology Reproduction and Shelter Management (PRSM) Division, Central Institute for Research on Goats (CIRG), Makhdoom, Farah-281122, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Saraswat S, Yadava G. An overview on reliability, availability, maintainability and supportability (RAMS) engineering. Int J Qual & Reliability Mgmt 2008. [DOI: 10.1108/02656710810854313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Choudhury N, Saraswat S, Naveed M. Serological monitoring of thalassaemia major patients for transfusion associated viral infections. Indian J Med Res 1998; 107:263-8. [PMID: 9701894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A total of 39 patients with thalassaemia major who received multiple blood transfusions were followed up clinically and serologically for 3 successive years (1993, 1994, 1995). They were screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and antibodies to hepatitis B core (HBc-total), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus I and II (HIV-I/II) and cytomegalovirus (CMV-total). In spite of transfusing HBsAg screened (by third generation ELISA) blood from voluntary non-remunerated donors, there was a significant increase of HBsAg positivity (P < 0.001) from 17.9 per cent (1993) to 35.9 per cent (1994) to 69.2 per cent (1995). This was probably due to the prevalence of undetectable HBV infection in the population. Anti HBc was present in 17 (43.6%), 14 (35.9%) and 16 (41%) patients in consecutive years. An increase in the units of blood transfused was observed every year. Blood units were not screened for anti HCV antibodies but a gradual increase in positivity [9 (23%), 12 (30.7%) and 14 (35.9%) patients] was seen in consecutive years. Anti-HIV antibodies were found in a 16 yr old male who was included in the study without any clinical evidence of AIDS. Anti CMV antibody was found in 30 (76.9%), 32 (82%) and 29 (74.3%) patients without any apparent clinical infection. Some patients showed change of antibody pattern (from negative to positive or vice versa) and a few patients showed inconsistent results probably due to immune modulation. Recruitment of 'repeat' non-remunerated voluntary blood donors may reduce the risk of high HBV transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Choudhury
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Post-transfusion hepatitis continues to occur, though with decreasing frequency, even after screening donor blood for HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HCV and alanine aminotransferase activity. Data from developing countries on the frequency and type of post-transfusion hepatitis are scarce. We undertook this prospective study to determine the incidence and type of post-transfusion hepatitis at our center after transfusion of blood negative for HBsAg by ELISA. METHODS Forty-one patients undergoing open-heart surgery, who had received 3 or more units of HBsAg-negative blood, were followed up. Serum samples of donor units transfused to recipients who developed post-transfusion hepatitis-B were subjected to HBV DNA amplification by the polymerase chain reaction, using two sets of X-gene specific primers which amplified a 250-bp fragment of the HBV DNA. RESULTS We found that six of the 41 patients (14.6%) developed post-transfusion hepatitis; four of them (66.6%) developed icteric post-transfusion hepatitis B, whereas two (33.3%) developed anicteric post-transfusion hepatitis C. These six recipients received a total of 48 units of blood and 30 of these 48 units could be subjected to HBV DNA amplification by polymerase chain reaction. Eleven donor samples were polymerase chain reaction positive and had been transfused to three of the four patients who had developed post-transfusion hepatitis B. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that post-transfusion hepatitis B continues to be the most common cause of post-transfusion hepatitis in India. Screening of donor units for HBsAg by ELISA does not exclude all blood units infectious for hepatitis B virus. Additional measures to ensure safety of blood supply should be sought.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Saraswat
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, India
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Ramesh V, Saraswat S, Choudhury N, Gupta RK. Relationship of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) to body mass index (BMI) in blood donors: the need to correct ALT for BMI in blood donor screening. Transfus Med 1995; 5:273-4. [PMID: 8646290 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3148.1995.tb00213.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A study was carried out on 1,028 voluntary blood donors to see how body mass index (BMI) correlated with the serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) activity. The mean ALT (U/l) values were 19.35, 27.63, 40.79 and 54.41 in the four BMI categories of < or = 20, 20.1-25, 25.1-30 and > 30, respectively. This study showed that the mean serum ALT level of obese subjects (BMI > 30 kg/m2), compared with the two categories of normal subjects (i.e. BMI < or = 20 and BMI = 20.1-25 kg/m2), was increased by 2.8 and 1.96 times, respectively. Compared with the BMI group < or = 20, there was a gradual per cent increase in the mean serum ALT in the three different BMI groups: 20.1-25 (+133%), 25.1-30 (+196%) and > 30 kg/m2 (+280%). This indicates the need to correct ALT values for BMI for blood donor screening, instead of using actual ALT values.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ramesh
- Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Lucknow, UP, India
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Choudhury N, Ramesh V, Saraswat S, Naik S. Effectiveness of mandatory transmissible diseases screening in Indian blood donors. Indian J Med Res 1995; 101:229-32. [PMID: 7672831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of transfusion transmitted diseases (TTDs) among local blood donors, the safety offered by the four mandatory tests (for HIV, HBsAg, syphilis and malaria) and to assess alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as a surrogate test. A total of 313 blood donors were tested for HBsAg, hepatitis B core (HBc) antibody, hepatitis C (HCV) antibody, HIV antibody, and IgM antibody to cytomegalovirus (CMV-IgM). The serum alanine aminotransferase levels were also done on each unit of blood. The prevalence of various markers was 7(2.2%) for HBsAg, 57 (18.2%) for anti HBc (total), 1 (0.3%) for anti HCV, 16 (5.1%) for anti CMV. None of the donors were positive for HIV, VDRL or malaria. ALT level was raised in 16.5 per cent of donors and showed no correlation with hepatitis markers. ALT was not found to be useful as a surrogate marker for routine screening of donors. Sensitive tests like ELISA and immunofluoresence for malaria antigen should be applied for screening for malaria. VDRL test may be used to detect high risk donors rather than detection of syphilis when stored blood is used. HBsAg and HIV tests should be routinely done on every unit of blood and anti HCV tests should be done regularly, if possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Choudhury
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow
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Nagaraju K, Misra S, Saraswat S, Choudhary N, Masih B, Ramesh V, Naik S. High prevalence of HBV infectivity in blood donors detected by the dot blot hybridisation assay. Vox Sang 1994; 67:183-6. [PMID: 7801609 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.1994.tb01656.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) continues to be a significant cause for post-transfusion hepatitis in India, in spite of the introduction of compulsory hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening. To understand the true HBV-infective pool in the blood donor population, HBV DNA was detected by a 32P-labelled dot blot hybridisation assay in 605 donor units that were negative for HBsAg by a third-generation Elisa. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was estimated in all these samples and correlated with DNA positivity. The frequency of HBV DNA positivity in HBsAg-negative units was very high (9.91%) and correlated well with the elevation in ALT (p < 0.00005). However, the frequency of elevated ALT was high (11.9%), using the locally determined upper limit of normal, and half of the DNA-positive samples had a normal ALT. Thus, ALT is a poor surrogate marker for HBV infectivity and efforts should be made to apply DNA detection systems in blood banks.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nagaraju
- Department of Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Nagaraju K, Misra S, Saraswat S, Choudhaiy N, Masih B, Ramesh V, Naik S. High Prevalence of HBV Infectivity in Blood Donors Detected by the Dot Blot Hybridisation Assay. Vox Sang 1994. [DOI: 10.1159/000462586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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