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Bargavi P, Balakumar S, Raghunandhakumar S. Multi-functional bandage - bioactive glass/metal oxides/alginate composites based regenerative membrane facilitating re-epithelialization in diabetic wounds with sustained drug delivery and anti-bactericidal efficacy. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130054. [PMID: 38342258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Chronic wounds, especially diabetic, foot and pressure ulcers are a major health problem affecting >10 % of the world's populace. Calcium phosphate materials, particularly, bioactive glasses (BG), used as a potential material for hard and soft tissue repair. This study combines nanostructured 45S5 BG with titania (TiO2) and alumina (Al2O3) into a composite via simple sol-gel method. Prepared composites with alginate (Alg) formed a bioactive nanocomposite hydrogel membrane via freezing method. X-ray diffraction revealed formation of two phases such as Na1.8Ca1.1Si6O14 and β-Na2Ca4(PO4)2SiO4 in the silica network. Fourier transformed InfraRed spectroscopy confirmed the network formation and cross-linking between composite and alginate. <2 % hemolysis, optimal in vitro degradation and porosity was systematically evaluated up to 7 days, resulting in increasing membrane bioactivity. Significant cytocompatibility, cell migration and proliferation and a 3-4-fold increase in Collagen (Col) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) expression were obtained. Sustained delivery of 80 % Dox in 24 h and effective growth reduction of S. aureus and destruction of biofilm development against E. coli and S. aureus within 24 h. Anatomical fin regeneration, rapid re-epithelialization and wound closure were achieved within 14 days in both zebrafish and in streptozotocin (STZ) induced rat in vivo animal models with optimal blood glucose levels. Hence, the fabricated bioactive membrane can act as effective wound dressing material, for diabetic chronic infectious wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bargavi
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Oral Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600077, India
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - S Raghunandhakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600077, India
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2
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Elakkiya K, Ashok Raja C, Balakumar S. Devitrite (Na 2Ca 3Si 6O 16) phase dominated nanostructured 45S5 bioactive glass: exploring its structural and biological properties. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:025039. [PMID: 38324889 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad2708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
This research study is primarily centred around calcination temperature and time influence on phase formation in bioactive glasses (BGs). In the present study, BG with a nominal composition of 45S5 was synthesized through the sol-gel process. The developed BGs then underwent heat treatment for various sintering durations and temperatures. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the BGs reveals that the sintering process led to the crystallization of both devitrite (Na2Ca3Si6O16) and combeite (Na2Ca2Si3O9) phases. The field emission scanning electron microscopy study divulges morphological alterations, from sheet-like to rod-like structures to eventually transforming into spherical and sheet-like structures. The surface area and Type-IV mesoporous porosity were validated through Brunauer Emmett Teller analysis, highlighting a notable increase in pore volume and mechanical strength at a lower sintering temperature.In vitroapatite formation was carried out in Hank's balance salt in order to evaluate the bioactivity of the glass. After 7 d of immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF), XRD patterns and scanning electron microscopy micrographs results showed that formation of hydroxyapatite layer on the surface of the BGs. The BG compatibility with erythrocytes (red blood cells) was also studied, and the results revealed that there was only a low 2% lysis, showing good hemocompatibility. The drug loading and release behaviour of the BGs was studied in thein vitroanalysis. The findings showed a high drug encapsulation effectiveness of up to 90% and continuous drug release from the BGs for 24 h. The materials biocompatibility was unambiguously confirmed by cytocompatibility and proliferation studies. This study provides compelling evidence for the exceptional efficacy and promise of the distinct 45S5 BGs in advancing the field of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Elakkiya
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - C Ashok Raja
- Centre for Functional and Surface-Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
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Manjubaashini N, Bargavi P, Thomas NG, Krishnan N, Balakumar S. Chitosan bioactive glass scaffolds for in vivo subcutaneous implantation, toxicity assessment, and diabetic wound healing upon animal model. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128291. [PMID: 38029901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to develop chitosan-bioactive glass (BG) scaffolds for diabetic wound healing, toxicity valuation, and subcutaneous implantation in animals for biocompatibility assessment. The scaffolds were prepared by lyophilization technique. In specific BG without sodium (Na), composited with chitosan for better biological activities. The equipped scaffolds were studied for their physiochemical, biological, in vitro and in vivo performances. The chitosan and chitosan-BG (Na free) scaffolds show reliable biocompatibility, cytocompatibility, anti-oxidant, and tissue regeneration. The biocompatibility, toxicity assessments, and diabetic skin wound healing experiments were examined through in vivo studies using Sprague Dawley rats. The extracted tissue samples were analyzed using hematoxylin-eosin- (H and E) and Masson's trichrome staining. Further, tissue excised after scaffold implantation declared non-toxic, non-allergic, and anti-inflammatory nature of chitosan scaffolds. Moreover, the total ribonucleic acid (RNA) expression levels were measured using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the scaffolds against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and collagen type one (Col-1) primers. Admirably, the scaffolds achieved the best level of skin wound healing via tissue regeneration by increasing epithetical cell formation and collagen deposition. Thus, the biocompatibility, non-toxicity, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing efficiency proved that the chitosan-BG (Na free) scaffold can be readily substantial for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Manjubaashini
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai 600025, India
| | - P Bargavi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Nebu George Thomas
- Department of Periodontics, Pushpagiri Research Centre, Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Tiruvalla 689101, India
| | - Nikhil Krishnan
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Pushpagiri Research Centre, Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Tiruvalla 689101, India
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai 600025, India.
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Ajay Rakkesh R, Naveen TB, Durgalakshmi D, Balakumar S. Covalent organic frameworks: Pioneering remediation solutions for organic pollutants. Chemosphere 2024; 346:140655. [PMID: 37949178 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) have emerged as a promising class of crystalline porous materials with customizable structures, high surface areas, and tunable functionalities. Their unique properties make them attractive candidates for addressing environmental contamination caused by pharmaceuticals, pesticides, industrial chemicals, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and endocrine disruptors (EDCs). This review article provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements and applications of COFs in removing and remedying various environmental contaminants. We delve into the synthesis, properties, and performance of COFs and their potential limitations and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ajay Rakkesh
- Functional Nano-Materials (FuN) Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, TN, India.
| | - T B Naveen
- Functional Nano-Materials (FuN) Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, TN, India
| | - D Durgalakshmi
- Department of Medical Physics, Anna University, Chennai, 600 025, TN, India
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai, 600 025, TN, India
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Naveen TB, Durgalakshmi D, Balakumar S, Rakkesh RA. A high valence binary metal-organic framework as an electrode material for aqueous asymmetric supercapacitors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 60:208-211. [PMID: 38050703 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05195a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the chemical transformation of nickel-based metal-organic frameworks into binary metal-organic frameworks by introducing cobalt metal ions. The resulting NiCo-BDC hierarchical nanostructure exhibited higher oxidation states, resulting in an impressive capacitance of 1431 F g-1. Additionally, the device based on this material exhibited exceptional capacity retention over 3000 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- T B Naveen
- Functional Nano-Materials (FuN) Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, TN, 603203, India.
| | - D Durgalakshmi
- Department of Medical Physics, Anna University, Chennai, TN, 600025, India.
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai, TN, 600025, India
| | - R Ajay Rakkesh
- Functional Nano-Materials (FuN) Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, TN, 603203, India.
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6
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Tharani S, Rebecca PNB, Durgalakshmi D, Balakumar S, Rakkesh RA. Hydrothermal integration of MoO 2-MoS 2@rGO nanoframe networks: A promising approach for efficient bacterial disinfection in wastewater. Chemosphere 2023; 343:140273. [PMID: 37758069 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
The efficient disinfection of bacterial contaminants in wastewater is a critical challenge in the field of environmental remediation. Herein, we present a novel approach for efficient bacterial disinfection using hydrothermally integrated MoO2-MoS2@rGO nanoframe networks. The developed nanoframe networks exhibit a unique architecture comprising of molybdenum dioxide (MoO2) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) impregnated on algae biomass reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The as-synthesized nanoframe networks demonstrate exceptional antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli bacteria. The disinfection efficiency was evaluated by measuring the bacterial viability and observing the morphological changes using scanning electron microscopy. The MoO2-MoS2@rGO nanoframe networks exhibited a remarkable antibacterial effect, achieving a high disinfection rate of 95.8% within a short contact time of 10 min. The efficient bacterial disinfection capability of the nanoframe networks can be attributed to the synergistic effects of MoO2, MoS2, and rGO components. The MoO2 nanoparticles generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), persuading oxidative stress and leading to bacterial inactivation. The MoS2 nanoparticles possess inherent antibacterial properties through the release of Mo and S ions. The rGO nanosheets provide a conductive and stable platform, facilitating the charge transfer during the antibacterial process. Furthermore, the hydrothermal integration method enables easy scalability and cost-effectiveness of the MoO2-MoS2@rGO nanoframe networks. The nanoframe networks can be easily recovered and reused, reducing waste generation and promoting sustainability. Overall, this study presents a promising approach for efficient bacterial disinfection in wastewater using hydrothermally integrated MoO2-MoS2@rGO nanoframe networks. The remarkable antibacterial performance, along with the advantages of scalability and reusability, makes these nanoframe networks a potential candidate for practical applications in environmental remediation and water treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tharani
- Functional Nano-Materials (FuN) Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur - 603203, TN, India
| | - P N Blessy Rebecca
- Functional Nano-Materials (FuN) Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur - 603203, TN, India
| | - D Durgalakshmi
- Department of Medical Physics, Anna University, Chennai - 600 025, India
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai - 600 025, India
| | - R Ajay Rakkesh
- Functional Nano-Materials (FuN) Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur - 603203, TN, India.
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Elakkiya K, Bargavi P, Balakumar S. Unveiling pro-angiogenesis and drug delivery using dual-bio polymer with bio-ceramic based nanocomposite hydrogels. Chemosphere 2023; 341:140131. [PMID: 37690566 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
In regenerative medicine, blood vessel development is of utmost importance as it enables the restoration of blood flow to tissues, and facilitate rapid vascularization in clinical tissue-engineered grafts. Herein, we fabricate the nanocomposite hydrogels from BG (clinophosinaite), alginate, Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and Dexamethasone (DEX) for the dual applications of drug delivery and angiogenesis assay. The hydrogels were fabricated through cross-linking approach and termed as alginate/PEG (A), alginate/PEG/clinophosinaite (AC), and alginate/PEG/clinophosinaite/DEX (ACD) that further subjected to structural characterization, using powder X-ray diffraction, and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Porous nanostructures and sheets were imaged using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), which aid in nutrient and oxygen transport to support angiogenesis. The nanocomposite hydrogels evidently demonstrated good hemocompatibility and fully hydrophilic (30.20°). By means of liquid displacement technique, the nanocomposite hydrogel achieves 47% of porosity with the compressive strength about 0.04 MPa. In alginate/PEG/clinophosinaite and alginate/PEG/clinophosinaite/DEX systems, water absorption capacity reached 85% in 6 h and maintained 90% retention after 12 h. Further, leachable tests revealed that the hydrogel had not deformed even after 24 h. In vitro drug release studies evidently divulge sustainable delivery of DEX from alginate/PEG/clinophosinaite/DEX hydrogel with superior characteristics for drug release. The angiogenesis assay also evidently revealed that the AC and ACD hydrogels, demonstrated higher angiogenic properties with, promoted blood vessel development.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Elakkiya
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai, 600025, India
| | - P Bargavi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai, 600025, India.
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Elakkiya K, Bargavi P, Balakumar S. 3D interconnected porous PMMA scaffold integrating with advanced nanostructured CaP-based biomaterials for rapid bone repair and regeneration. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 147:106106. [PMID: 37708780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive scaffolds with polymer and nanostructured bioactive glass-based composites are promising materials for regenerative applications in consequence of close mimics of natural bone composition. Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) is a highly preferred thermoplastic polymer for orthopedic applications as it has good biocompatibility. Different kinds of bioactive, biodegradable as well as biocompatible biomaterial composites such as Bioglass (BG), Hydroxyapatite (Hap), and Tricalcium phosphate (TCP) can be integrated with PMMA, so as to augment the bioactivity, porosity as well as regeneration of hard tissues in human body. Among the bioactive glass, 60S BG (Bioactive glass with 60 percentage of Silica without Sodium ions) is better materials among aforementioned systems owning to mechanical stability as well as controlled bioactive material. In this work, the fabrication of PMMA-CaP (calcium phosphate)-based scaffolds were carried out by Thermal Induced Phase Separation method (TIPS). X-ray diffractogram analysis (XRD) is used to examine the physiochemical properties of the scaffolds that evidently reveal the presence of calcium phosphate besides calcium phosphate silicate phases. The Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) studies obviously exhibited the microstructure of the scaffolds as well as their interconnected porous morphology. The PMMA/60S BG/TCP (C50) scaffold has the maximum pore size, measuring 77 ± 23 μm, while the average pore size ranges from 50 ± 20 to 80 ± 23 μm. By performing a liquid displacement method, the C50 scaffold is found to have the largest porosity of 50%, high hydrophilicity of 118.16°, and a compression test reveals the scaffolds to have a maximum compressive strength of 0.16 MPa. The emergence of bone-like apatite on the scaffold surface after 1st and 21st days of SBF immersion is further supported by in vitro bioactivity studies. Cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility analyses undoubtedly confirmed the biocompatibility behavior of PMMA-based bioactive scaffolds. Nano-CT investigation demonstrates that PMMA-CaP scaffolds provide more or less alike morphologies of composites that resemble the natural bone. Therefore, this combination of scaffolds could be considered as potential biomaterials for bone regeneration application. This detailed study promisingly demonstrates the eminence of the unique scaffolds in the direction of regenerative medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Elakkiya
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai 600025, India
| | - P Bargavi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai 600025, India.
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Jananishree S, Balakumar S, Mahesh N. Investigation on anti-quorum sensing activities of chitosan AgNP's-chitosanase against MDR pathogens. Microb Pathog 2023:106173. [PMID: 37295482 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Marine bio-nanotechnology is a new promising field having high perspective in the area of biological research. In 2018 the production of crustacean shells especially from shrimp is about 54,500 tons on South East coast of India. The current study focuses on the use of extracted chitosan (Squilla shells) polymer in silver nanoparticle synthesis along with immobilized chitosanase synergistically improves the antimicrobial and quorum quenching effects against the multi drug resistant (MDR) pathogens. The main objective of the study is to synthesize the chitosan AgNPs and to immobilize the enzyme chitosanase with it and to study the anti quorum sensing (quorum quenching) activity against MDR pathogens. This study will render a new ideology to eliminate biofilm formation and suppress the pathogenicity of planktonic MDR pathogens. Since the combinations of chitosanase, as well as chitosan AgNPs, are very efficient in eliminating them.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jananishree
- Department of Chemistry and Biosciences, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Kumbakonam, 612001, Tamilnadu, India; Actinomycetes Bioprospecting Lab Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - S Balakumar
- Department of Chemistry and Biosciences, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Kumbakonam, 612001, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - N Mahesh
- Department of Chemistry and Biosciences, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Kumbakonam, 612001, Tamilnadu, India.
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Manjubaashini N, Bargavi P, Balakumar S. Bioceramic and polycationic biopolymer nanocomposite scaffolds for improved wound self-healing and anti-inflammatory properties: an in vitro study. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:3921-3937. [PMID: 37092809 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00169e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The development of wound healing scaffolds with high porosity, rapid healing properties, and anti-inflammatory functionality is vital in the chronic wound healing stage for the production of extracellular matrices of injured tissues. The 45S5 bioactive glass (BG) possesses good biocompatibility and provides a potential bonding resource for fibroblast cell proliferation, growth factor synthesis, and granulated tissue formation. Chitosan, a natural polymer, promotes tissue regeneration and has anti-microbial properties. BG and chitosan scaffolds were prepared by the freeze-drying (lyophilization) method. The chitosan scaffold is a semi-crystalline polymer with a random crystal structure because it contains more hydroxyl groups. Chitosan alone shows a sheet-like morphology with a porous microstructure (1.7475 nm). BG particulates were well decorated over the surface of the chitosan scaffold with a homogeneous dispersion. Cell viability was observed for L929 cells on the chitosan-BG scaffolds. Confocal images vividly depict the interaction of the L929 cells with the scaffold without causing any damage to the cell membrane. In vitro scratch assay shows the best wound healing activity (complete wound closure) for the BG-chitosan nanocomposite scaffolds at 18 h. The chitosan-BG scaffolds were combined with anti-inflammatory drugs and induced inflammatory genes at an inhibition rate of COX of (36, 28, and 30%), LOX of (20, 13, and 14%), and NO of (48, 38, and 39%) for chitosan, chitosan-BG, and chitosan-BG (Na-free) at 100 μL addition. The in vitro bioactivities proved that the chitosan-BG scaffolds could enable better cell formation, and exhibited improved biocompatibility, and anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Manjubaashini
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai 600025, India
| | - P Bargavi
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai 600025, India
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Surender S, Kavipriyah N, Balakumar S. Synergistic effect in g-C3N4/CuO Nanohybrid Structures as Efficient Electrode Material for Supercapacitor Applications. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2023.110557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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Tharani S, Durgalakshmi D, Balakumar S, Rakkesh RA. Futuristic Advancements in Biomass‐Derived Graphene Nanoassemblies: Versatile Biosensors for Point‐of‐Care Devices. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Tharani
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur 603203 TN India
| | - D. Durgalakshmi
- Department of Medical Physics Anna University Chennai 600 025 TN India
- Department of Physics Ethiraj College for Women Chennai 600 008 TN India
| | - S. Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology University of Madras Chennai 600 025 TN India
| | - R. Ajay Rakkesh
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur 603203 TN India
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Ajay Rakkesh R, Durgalakshmi D, Balakumar S. Scalable approach to fabricate paper-based biomass reduced graphene sensor for the detection of exhaled diabetic breath. Nanotechnology 2022; 33:495703. [PMID: 36041406 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac8d9c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrate a microwave-assisted chemical reduction technique to exfoliate a few layers of graphene from the natural waste material, 'coconut shell'. The microwave irradiation coconut shell is subjected to structural, morphological and functional groups characterization methods including SEM, Raman, FTIR and XPS spectroscopic analyses. The formation of biomass reduced graphene (BRG) has been confirmed through Raman and FTIR spectroscopic analyzes with the presence of D, G and 2D and other functional spectral bands, respectively. The surface topography of the BRG exhibits two-dimensional mat structures with wrinkle topography, imaged by electron microscopic techniques. The metallic behaviour of the BRG is evaluated by band structure calculation using density functional theory. The synthesized nanostructure has been evaluated for exhaled diabetic breath sensing application by fabricating sensor device on the paper-based substrate by roll-to-roll coating technique. The BRG sensor exhibited enhanced sensing response at a very lower concentration of diabetic biomarker with long term stability and rapid response/recovery time of 1.11 s/41.25 s, respectively. Based on our findings, the microwave-assisted BRG is a potential candidate for fabricating highly scalable, inherently safe, economically viable and excellent sensing performance to detect exhaled diabetic breath at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ajay Rakkesh
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur-603203, India
| | - D Durgalakshmi
- Department of Medical Physics, Anna University, Chennai-600 025, India
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai-600 025, India
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14
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S C, R RC, R R, D D, Balakumar S. Unravelling the effects of ibuprofen-acetaminophen infused copper-bioglass towards the creation of root canal sealant. Biomed Mater 2022; 17. [PMID: 35259739 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac5b83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Impact towards the tuneable characteristics of bioactive glasses (BAG) has been explored; as there is no root canal sealant till date with ideal characteristics competent enough to manoeuvre the perplexing root canal architecture. Combeite, calcite and traces of cuprorivaite crystalline phases were validated for material formation, in which Cu 2P [XPS] peak authenticating the presence of copper in bioglass network (Cu-BAG). Spherical and platelet-like morphologies were observed and the grain size of Cu-BAG (~100 nm) was lesser as compared to BAG (~ 1 µm). These particle distributions impacted the porosity, and dominant non-bridging oxygens in Cu-BAG influences ionic dissolution, which subsequently enhanced the mineralization. These bioactive materials were loaded with acetaminophen and ibuprofen, corresponding organic moieties was confirmed through FT-IR. These drugs loaded bioactive materials exhibited tremendous anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial behavior with better sealing ability. Drug loaded bioglass paste filled in biomechanically prepared root canal was estimated for sealing potential, mineralization, micro leakage, and fracture resistance properties. Hydroxyl apatite growth was noted on the sealants, flower like protuberance confirmed the sealing potential of the prepared material. Bioglass exhibited promising characteristics required in a root canal sealant. This investigation is a step further towards tailoring the properties of bioactive materials as promising candidates in root canal obturation and thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra S
- Saveetha University Saveetha Dental College, Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, INDIA
| | - Riju Chandran R
- University of Madras - Guindy Campus, National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology,, University of Madras,, Chennai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600025, INDIA
| | - Ramya R
- Saveetha University Saveetha Dental College, Department of Oral Pathology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, INDIA
| | - Durgalakshmi D
- Anna University Chennai, Department of Medical Physics, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600025, INDIA
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-25, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600025, INDIA
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15
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Blessy Rebecca PN, Durgalakshmi D, Balakumar S, Rakkesh RA. Biomass‐Derived Graphene‐Based Nanocomposites: A Futuristic Material for Biomedical Applications. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. N. Blessy Rebecca
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur 603203 TN India
| | - D. Durgalakshmi
- Department of Medical Physics Anna University Chennai 600025 TN India
| | - S. Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology University of Madras Chennai 600025 TN India
| | - R. Ajay Rakkesh
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur 603203 TN India
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16
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Bargavi P, Chandran RR, Durgalakshmi D, Rajashree P, Ramya R, Balakumar S. Drug infused Al 2O 3-bioactive glass coatings toward the cure of orthopedic infection. Prog Biomater 2022; 11:79-94. [PMID: 35094302 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-022-00181-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A unique implant coated substrate with dual-drug-eluting system exhibiting antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and bone regenerative capacity has been fabricated using spray pyrolysis deposition (SPD) method. Bioglass (BG) and BG-alumina (BG-Al) composites coatings with different concentrations of Al incorporated on BG network over the Cp-Ti substrate were fabricated using SPD technique. Phase purity of BG and BG-Al composites were analyzed by XRD in which Na2Ca2Si3O9 and β-Na2Ca4(PO4)2SiO4) and Na7.15(Al7.2Si8.8O32) phases were formed. Surface morphology of the coated substrates was analyzed by SEM. Uniformity of the coatings were evaluated by surface profilometer and the uniform distribution the nanoparticles were confirmed with Elemental mapping. Systematically, each apatite layer formation on coated substrate was confirmed by immersing the samples for 1, 3, and 7 days in simulated body fluid and the needle-like structure was characterized using SEM. Cumulative release of Tetracycline hydrochloride (Tet) antibiotic and Dexamethasone (Dex) anti-inflammatory drug-loaded BG-Al and BG-Al composite-coated substrate were studied for 24 h. Antibacterial activity of the coated substrates were evaluated by time-dependent growth inhibition and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays in which BG-Al and BG-Al composite loaded with Tet showed considerable growth inhibition against S. aureus. Osteoblast-like cells (MG-63) exhibited profound proliferation with no cytotoxic effects which was due to release of Dex drug-coated substrates. Thus, surface modification of Cp-Ti substrate with BG, BG-Al composites coatings loaded with Tet and Dex drug can be considered for post-operative orthopedic implant infection application.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bargavi
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - R Riju Chandran
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - D Durgalakshmi
- Department of Medical Physics, Anna University, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - P Rajashree
- CAS in Crystallography & Biophysics, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - R Ramya
- Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, SIMTS, Poonamallee High Road, Chennai, 600089, India
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025, India.
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17
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Bharathkumar S, Sakar M, Archana J, Navaneethan M, Balakumar S. Interfacial engineering in 3D/2D and 1D/2D bismuth ferrite (BiFeO 3)/Graphene oxide nanocomposites for the enhanced photocatalytic activities under sunlight. Chemosphere 2021; 284:131280. [PMID: 34217926 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
3D-particulate and 1D-fiber structures of multiferroic bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3/BFO) and their composites with 2D-graphene oxide (GO) have been developed to exploit the different scheme of interfacial engineering as 3D/2D and 1D/2D systems. Particulates and fibers of BFO were developed via sol-gel and electrospinning fabrication approaches respectively and their integration with GO was performed via the ultrasonic-assisted chemical reduction process. The crystalline and phase formation of BiFeO3 and GO was confirmed from the XRD patterns obtained. The electron microscopic images revealed the characteristic integration of 3D particulates (with average size of 100 nm) and 1D fibers (with diameter of ~150 nm and few μm length) onto the 2D GO layers (thickness of ~27 nm). XPS analysis revealed that the BFO nanostructures have been integrated onto the GO through chemisorptions process, where it indicated that the ultrasonic process engineers the interface through the chemical modification of the surface of these 3D/2D and 1D/2D nanostructures. The photophysical studies such as the impedance and photocurrent measurements showed that the charge separation and recombination resistance is significantly enhanced in the system, which can directly be attributed to the effective interfacial engineering in the developed hetero-morphological composites. The degradation studies against a model pollutant Rhodamine B revealed that the developed nanocomposites exhibit superior photocatalytic activity via the effective generation of OH radicals as confirmed by the radical analysis studies (100% degradation in 150 and 90 min for 15% GO/BFO particulate and fiber composites, respectively). The developed system also demonstrated excellent photocatalytic recyclability, indicated their enhanced stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bharathkumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025, India; Functional Materials and Energy Device Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM IST, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203, India
| | - M Sakar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025, India; Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Bangalore, 562112, Karnataka, India
| | - J Archana
- Functional Materials and Energy Device Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM IST, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203, India.
| | - M Navaneethan
- Functional Materials and Energy Device Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM IST, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203, India
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025, India.
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18
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Riju Chandran R, Chitra S, Vijayakumari S, Bargavi P, Balakumar S. Cognizing the crystallization aspects of NaCaPO 4 concomitant 53S bioactive-structures and their imprints in in vitro bio-mineralization. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01058a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Compositional and bio-physico-chemical characteristic features of bioactive glasses are of great importance in biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Riju Chandran
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - S. Chitra
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - S. Vijayakumari
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - P. Bargavi
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - S. Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai 600 025, India
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19
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Mohanraj J, Durgalakshmi D, Rakkesh RA, Balakumar S, Rajendran S, Karimi-Maleh H. Facile synthesis of paper based graphene electrodes for point of care devices: A double stranded DNA (dsDNA) biosensor. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 566:463-472. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.01.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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20
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Bargavi P, Ramya R, Chitra S, Vijayakumari S, Riju Chandran R, Durgalakshmi D, Rajashree P, Balakumar S. Bioactive, degradable and multi-functional three-dimensional membranous scaffolds of bioglass and alginate composites for tissue regenerative applications. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:4003-4025. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00714e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Multifunctional bioactive hydrogel ECM like membrane for 3D dynamic tissue/disease modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Bargavi
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- University of Madras
- Chennai – 600 025
- India
| | - R. Ramya
- SRM Dental College
- SRMIST
- Chennai – 600089
- India
| | - S. Chitra
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- University of Madras
- Chennai – 600 025
- India
| | - S. Vijayakumari
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- University of Madras
- Chennai – 600 025
- India
| | - R. Riju Chandran
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- University of Madras
- Chennai – 600 025
- India
| | - D. Durgalakshmi
- Department of Medical Physics
- Anna University
- Chennai – 600 025
- India
| | - P. Rajashree
- CAS in Crystallography & Biophysics
- University of Madras
- Chennai – 600 025
- India
| | - S. Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- University of Madras
- Chennai – 600 025
- India
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21
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Durgalakshmi D, Rakkesh RA, Aruna P, Ganesan S, Balakumar S. Bioactivity and hemocompatibility of sol–gel bioactive glass synthesized under different catalytic conditions. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02445g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In bioactive glass synthesis by sol–gel method, HCl catalyst induces biocompatible wollastonite crystallization and supports higher apatite formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Durgalakshmi
- Department of Medical Physics, Anna University
- Chennai – 600 025
- India
| | - R. Ajay Rakkesh
- CAS in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras
- Chennai – 600 025
- India
| | - P. Aruna
- Department of Medical Physics, Anna University
- Chennai – 600 025
- India
| | | | - S. Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras
- Chennai – 600 025
- India
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22
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Sakar M, Balakumar S, Saravanan P, Bharathkumar S. Correction: Compliments of confinements: substitution and dimension induced magnetic origin and band-bending mediated photocatalytic enhancements in Bi 1-xDy xFeO 3 particulate and fiber nanostructures. Nanoscale 2019; 11:23503. [PMID: 31793598 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr90271f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Correction for 'Compliments of confinements: substitution and dimension induced magnetic origin and band-bending mediated photocatalytic enhancements in Bi1-xDyxFeO3 particulate and fiber nanostructures' by M. Sakar et al., Nanoscale, 2015, 7, 10667-10679.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sakar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 0025, India.
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 0025, India.
| | - P Saravanan
- Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory, Hyderabad 500 058, India
| | - S Bharathkumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 0025, India.
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23
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Chitra S, Bargavi P, Balasubramaniam M, Chandran RR, Balakumar S. Impact of copper on in-vitro biomineralization, drug release efficacy and antimicrobial properties of bioactive glasses. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2019; 109:110598. [PMID: 32229004 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study highlights the incorporation of copper in the bioactive glasses (BAG) network that greatly influences the morphological, structural and biological properties. By increasing the copper incorporation in BAG, increment in cell volume was obtained from XRD patterns, and concomitantly, dominant phosphate bands and latent silica bands were observed by FT-IR and Raman spectroscopic results. The Cu addition also affected particle appearance to vary from spherical to cluster-like cubes in 1.5% and 2.5% copper-doped BAG. Due to the mesoporous network 1.5% and 2.5% copper-doped BAG showed enhanced release of anti-inflammatory drugs such as Acetaminophen (ACE) and Ibuprofen (IBU) in which, the drug release profiles showed best fit with kinetic models of First order, Korsmeyar-Peppas and Higuchi. Copper doping influences the lattice of BAG, as a result morphology and porosity varied, which regulates the ionic dissolution, hence, prompting bioactivity was perceived from 1.5% and 2.5% copper-doped bioactive glasses (Cu-BGs). Moreover, 2.5% Cu-BG and 1.5% Cu-BG showed highest rate of ROS detection, as well as improved antimicrobial activity. This study established that up to certain proportion of copper incorporation in BAG network, potentially enhances the biomineralization and turns the morphology towards minimal size with mesoporous nature. Due to the abundance in oral microbial exposure, copper amplifies the superior antimicrobial properties, and Cu-BGs act as a drug carrier to load ACE and IBU, which potentially up-regulate the healing properties in dental application.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chitra
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India
| | - P Bargavi
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India
| | - M Balasubramaniam
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India
| | - R Riju Chandran
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India.
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24
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Balasubramaniam M, Karazhanov S, Balakumar S. Sonochemistry-assisted fabrication of 1D-ZnSb 2O 6@2D-MoS 2 nanostructures: A synergistic energy storage material for supercapacitors. Ultrason Sonochem 2019; 58:104589. [PMID: 31450311 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel nanohybrid composing of molybdenum disulphide nanosheets and zinc antimonate nanorods was fabricated using ultrasonication assisted homogenous magnetic stirring approach and investigated their electrochemical performance as an electrode material for supercapacitors. First and foremost, the structural, vibrational, morphological, optical and chemical compositional characteristics of the fabricated nanohybrid electrode material were investigated. Subsequently, the electrochemical properties of the nanohybrid electrode were explored using CV, GCD and EIS studies in 1.0 M KOH solution. The fabricated nanohybrid electrode material exhibited tremendous electrochemical performance by distributing maximum specific capacitance of 469.28 F g-1 at a current density of 5.0 A g-1 with high cycling stability of 102.0% even after 2000 cycles at a current density of 10.0 A g-1. These exceptional electrochemical characteristics of MoS2/ZnSb2O6 nanocomposites are ascribed to the influence of ultrasonication on non-aggregated nanocomposite formation, existence of more number of electrochemical active sites and synergistic interactions between two different nanostructures. The acquired results confirmed that MoS2/ZnSb2O6 nanocomposites could be a prospective and electrochemically active candidate as electrode materials for supercapacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Balasubramaniam
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - Smagul Karazhanov
- Solar Energy Department, Institute for Energy Technology (IFE), Kjeller, Norway
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India.
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25
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Balasubramaniam M, Balakumar S. Ultrasonication-assisted fabrication of hierarchical architectures of copper oxide/zinc antimonate nanocomposites based supercapacitor electrode materials. Ultrason Sonochem 2019; 56:337-349. [PMID: 31101271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a new nanohybrid consisting of copper oxide and zinc antimonate was designed using ultrasonication assisted homogenous magnetic stirring approach and investigated their performance as an electrode material for supercapacitors. Combination of the duo could enhance the electrical conductivity and charge storage capacity of whole nanostructured electrode, which is very much essential for supercapacitor application. Primarily, the prepared nanohybrid electrode material was investigated through XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM, HR-TEM, UV-DRS, PL and XPS to determine their structural, morphological, optical and compositional characteristics. Thereafter, the electrochemical properties of the nanohybrid electrode were investigated using CV, GCD and EIS studies in 1.0 M KOH solution. The fabricated nanohybrid electrode material exhibits exceptional electrochemical performance by delivering maximum specific capacitance of 257.14 F g-1 at a current density of 12.5 A g-1. The nanocomposite showed high cycling stability of 102.0% even after 2000 cycles at a current density of 10.0 A g-1. These exceptional electrochemical characteristics of CuO/ZnSb2O6 nanocomposites are due to their dual nanorod morphology, influence of ultrasonication on non-aggregated nanocomposite formation, presence of more number of electrochemical active sites, and their synergistic interactions. The obtained results confirmed that CuO/ZnSb2O6 nanocomposites could be a potential candidate as electrode materials for supercapacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Balasubramaniam
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India.
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26
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Durgalakshmi D, Ajay Rakkesh R, Kamil S, Karthikeyan S, Balakumar S. Rapid Dilapidation of Alcohol Using Magnesium Oxide and Magnesium Aspartate based Nanostructures: A Raman Spectroscopic and Molecular Simulation Approach. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-019-01105-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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27
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Chitra S, Bargavi P, Balakumar S. Effect of microwave and probe sonication processes on sol–gel‐derived bioactive glass and its structural and biocompatible investigations. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 108:143-155. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Chitra
- National Centre for Nanoscience and NanotechnologyUniversity of Madras Chennai 600025 Tamil Nadu India
| | - P. Bargavi
- National Centre for Nanoscience and NanotechnologyUniversity of Madras Chennai 600025 Tamil Nadu India
| | - S. Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and NanotechnologyUniversity of Madras Chennai 600025 Tamil Nadu India
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28
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Abstract
The effect of Azadirachta indica leaf (AIL) extract on the corrosion of copper in 1M HNO3 was investigated by weight loss technique. The result showed that the corrosion rate decreased in the presence of plant extract and inhibition efficiency increased with increasing the concentration of extract. The decreased corrosion rate was due to adsorption of plant extract which was discussed on the basis of Langmuir adsorption isotherm.
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29
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Radha G, Venkatesan B, Rajashree P, Vellaichamy E, Balakumar S. Insights into the apatite mineralization potential of thermally processed nanocrystalline Ca10−xFex(PO4)6(OH)2. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj03579b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The thermal treatment of Ca10−xFex(PO4)6(OH)2 at different temperatures had an effect on the mineralization potential under non-cellular and cellular conditions by releasing its bioactive ions at optimal or excessive levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Radha
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- University of Madras
- Chennai – 600025
- India
| | | | - P. Rajashree
- Centre for Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics
- University of Madras
- Chennai – 600025
- India
| | | | - S. Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- University of Madras
- Chennai – 600025
- India
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30
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Muthupoongodi S, Mitu L, Linda T, Shajan XS, Balakumar S. Facile Recoverable, Reusable and Efficient Heterogeneous Photocatalyst. Preparation and characterization of V2O5 added TiO2 polymer NCs. Rev Chim 2018. [DOI: 10.37358/rc.18.10.6601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
TiO2 and V2O5 added polymer nanocomposites (NCs) were prepared by solution cast method and characterized by UV-Vis-DRS spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, FTIR and SEM analysis. These characterization studies were employed to investigate the structure, optical property, phase formation and morphology of the prepared polymer NCs. The photocatalytic activities of the NCs were studied by observing the degradation of model dyes congo red (CR) and rhodamine B (RhB) under 365 nm of UV-light irradiation. In addition the recyclability and reusability of the catalyst were also examined. The results showed that nearly 95 % congo red and rhodamine B had undergone degradation in 160 and 80 mins of reaction time respectively. The catalyst shows better recyclability and can be reused for at least 6 times. In particular V2O5 added polymer NCs shows better catalytic activity towards the degradation of organic dyes. In the photodegradation process the photo-induced holes were considered to be the dominant active species. The reported catalytic system is found to be a simple, reusable and effective model for the degradation of dye polluted effluent water.
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Durgalakshmi D, Ajay Rakkesh R, Kesavan M, Ganapathy S, Ajithkumar TG, Karthikeyan S, Balakumar S. Highly reactive crystalline-phase-embedded strontium-bioactive nanorods for multimodal bioactive applications. Biomater Sci 2018; 6:1764-1776. [PMID: 29808842 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00362a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, a crystallization-induced strontium-bioactive material, with a composition similar to Bioglass 45S5 system, was obtained using a sol-gel-assisted microwave method with nanorod morphologies of 30-80 nm in size. The effect of crystallization induced in the glass network, and its influence on the bioactivity and mechanical properties of bone and dentin regeneration, were the main novel findings of this work. Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffraction spectra showed the best fit with sodium (combeite, Na2Ca2Si3O9) and calcium (clinophosinaite, Ca2Na6O14P2Si2; calcium strontium silicate, Ca1.5O4SiSr0.5; and calcium carbonate, CaCO3) enriched crystal systems. Multinuclear solid-state NMR studies provided detailed atomistic insight into the presence of crystalline mineral phases in the bioactive material. The dentin matrix and antibacterial studies showed good results for 5% strontium-substituted calcium compared with basic 45S5 composition due to its smaller particle size (30 nm), which suggested applications to dentin regeneration. Simulation studies have been demonstrated with clinophosinaite crystal data from the XRD spectra, with the glycoprotein salivary metabolites also showing that 5% strontium-substituted calcium has a higher binding affinity for the salivary compound, which is suitable for dentin regeneration applications. In vitro apatite formation studies showed that this material is suitable for bone regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Durgalakshmi
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai, India.
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Kumanan T, Sujanitha V, Balakumar S, Sreeharan N. Amoebic Liver Abscess and Indigenous Alcoholic Beverages in the Tropics. J Trop Med 2018; 2018:6901751. [PMID: 30112008 PMCID: PMC6077556 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6901751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Amoebic liver abscess (ALA) seen commonly in the tropics is predominantly confined to adult males, especially those who consume locally brewed alcohol, although intestinal amoebiasis occurs in all age groups and in both genders. Whether the role of alcohol in the development of ALA is incidental and casual or whether alcohol is causally implicated has been debated. It has been argued that socioeconomic factors and poor sanitary conditions are the primary culprits that casually link alcohol to ALA. However, there has emerged an abundance of data that implicates alcohol in a more causal role in facilitating the extraintestinal invasion of the infective protozoan and the subsequent development of ALA. These factors include the role of alcohol in host immunity, parasitic proliferation, and invasion and in creating a conducive hepatic microenvironment. The contributory role of alcohol-induced increase in hepatic iron stores and lipid content is discussed. Late-stage liver disease with fibrosis seems to be protective for the development of ALA. Further research is necessary to elucidate the many possible mechanisms that predispose to hepatic amoebiasis, so that appropriate individual and population-based preventive measures can be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Kumanan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaffna, Jaffna, Sri Lanka
| | - V. Sujanitha
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaffna, Jaffna, Sri Lanka
| | - S. Balakumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaffna, Jaffna, Sri Lanka
| | - N. Sreeharan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaffna, Jaffna, Sri Lanka
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Bargavi P, Chitra S, Durgalakshmi D, Rajashree P, Balakumar S. Effect of Titania Concentration in Bioglass/TiO₂ Nanostructures and Its In Vitro Biological Property Assessment. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2018; 18:4746-4754. [PMID: 29442653 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2018.15340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bioglass 45S5 (45% SiO2-24.5% NaO-24.5% CaO-6% P2O5) is a unique bioactive material, which is being used for bone and dental substitution. This system has been highly preferred for its osteoconductive and osteoinductive performance. Despite its attractive bioactivity, there are limitations in using this material for orthopedic and dental applications due to its poor processability and mechanical strength. To improve the load-sharing and stress distribution, TiO2 nanoparticles have been introduced into the nanoBioglass (nBG) by sol-gel method. The structural analyses of the samples were confirmed using X-ray diffraction, Raman-spectroscopy and FTIR. The morphologies of the samples were characterized by FESEM. The apatite formation of the nBG/TiO2 composites was investigated by immersing the samples in simulated body Fluid (SBF) solution for 1 and 3 days, which reveals the acceptable compatibility for different concentrations of all the composition. Hemolysis studies of the nanobiomaterials were carried out to understand the interactions of biomaterials with blood which shows 0.2%-2% of lysis which is acceptable as per ASTM standard. Cell culture and cell proliferation studies of bioglass, nBG/TiO2 nanocomposite on MG-63 pre-osteoblast cell line for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h showed 80% to 95% of cell viability. Also, it was found that the nBG/TiO2 bio-nanocomposites containing low content of titania had good bioactivity properties that is comparable to cortical bone. Hence, nBG/TiO2 bio-nanocomposites are greatly promising for medical applications such as bone substitutes especially in load-bearing sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bargavi
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India
| | - S Chitra
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India
| | - D Durgalakshmi
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India
| | - P Rajashree
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India
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Sakar M, Balakumar S. Reverse Ostwald ripening process induced dispersion of Cu2O nanoparticles in silver-matrix and their interfacial mechanism mediated sunlight driven photocatalytic properties. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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35
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Balasubramaniam M, Balakumar S. Nanostructuring of a one-dimensional zinc antimonate electrode material through a precipitation strategy for use in supercapacitors. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00196k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical properties of ZnSb2O6 nanorods consisting of two types of heterovalent metal cations, Zn2+ and Sb5+, have been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Balasubramaniam
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- University of Madras
- Chennai – 600 025
- India
| | - S. Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- University of Madras
- Chennai – 600 025
- India
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36
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Sakar M, Balakumar S. A mechanistic view into the morphology-reconstruction mediated facile synthesis of bismuth ferrite (BiFeO 3 ) hierarchical nanostructures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mahilrajan S, Balakumar S, Arasaratnam V, Kumanan T, Kailayalinkam R. Glycemic Index and Insulin Index of Palmyrah Based Edible Products Commonly Consumed in Jaffna. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.9790/264x-0301013742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Sakar M, Balakumar S, Saravanan P, Bharathkumar S. Particulates vs. fibers: dimension featured magnetic and visible light driven photocatalytic properties of Sc modified multiferroic bismuth ferrite nanostructures. Nanoscale 2016; 8:1147-60. [PMID: 26667276 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr06655g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We report the magnetic and visible light driven photocatalytic properties of scandium (Sc) substituted bismuth ferrite (BSFO) particulate and fiber nanostructures. An increasing concentration of Sc was found to reduce the crystallite size, particle size and band gap energy of the BSFO nanostructures, which was evident from X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and UV-Visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy analysis respectively. The temperature dependent magnetic studies carried out using a SQUID magnetometer suggested that the origin of the magnetic properties in the pure BFO system could be the emergence of an antiferromagnetic-core/ferromagnetic-shell like structure, in contrast to the modified spin canted structures in the case of the BSFO nanostructures. The observed photocatalytic efficiency was attributed to the enhanced band bending process and recombination resistance in the BSFO nanostructures. For a comparative study, the photocatalytic activities of some selected compositions were also investigated under simulated solar light along with natural solar light.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sakar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai 600025, India.
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai 600025, India.
| | - P Saravanan
- Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory, Hyderabad 500058, India
| | - S Bharathkumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai 600025, India.
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Linda T, Muthupoongodi S, Sahaya Shajan X, Balakumar S. Photocatalytic Degradation of Congo Red and Crystal Violet Dyes on Cellulose/ PVC/ZnO Composites under UV Light Irradiation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2016.04.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Rakkesh RA, Durgalakshmi D, Balakumar S. Graphene based nanoassembly for simultaneous detection and degradation of harmful organic contaminants from aqueous solution. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra01784c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene based nanoassemblies that can simultaneously detect and degrade harmful organic contaminants from water are important for conquering the risk of hazardous chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Ajay Rakkesh
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- University of Madras
- Guindy Campus
- Chennai 600 025
- India
| | - D. Durgalakshmi
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- University of Madras
- Guindy Campus
- Chennai 600 025
- India
| | - S. Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- University of Madras
- Guindy Campus
- Chennai 600 025
- India
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Ashok raja C, Balakumar S, Durgalakshmi D, George RP, Anandkumar B, Kamachi Mudali U. Reduced graphene oxide/nano-Bioglass composites: processing and super-anion oxide evaluation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra27160f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
45S5 Bioglass with a mean particle size in the nano regime was synthesized and fabricated with rGO sheets using three different strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Ashok raja
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- University of Madras
- Chennai 600025
- India
| | - S. Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- University of Madras
- Chennai 600025
- India
| | - D. Durgalakshmi
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- University of Madras
- Chennai 600025
- India
| | - R. P. George
- Corrosion Science and Technology Division
- Materials Characterization Group
- Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research
- Kalpakkam 603 102
- India
| | - B. Anandkumar
- Corrosion Science and Technology Division
- Materials Characterization Group
- Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research
- Kalpakkam 603 102
- India
| | - U. Kamachi Mudali
- Corrosion Science and Technology Division
- Materials Characterization Group
- Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research
- Kalpakkam 603 102
- India
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Rohith Vinod K, Saravanan P, Sakar M, Balakumar S. Insights into the nitridation of zero-valent iron nanoparticles for the facile synthesis of iron nitride nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra04935d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of nitridation of zero-valent iron nanoparticles (ZVINPs) is investigated by employing two different synthesis strategies such as solvothermal method and gas diffusion using N2 and NH3.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Rohith Vinod
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- University of Madras
- Chennai – 600025
- India
| | - P. Saravanan
- Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory
- Hyderabad – 500 058
- India
| | - M. Sakar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- University of Madras
- Chennai – 600025
- India
| | - S. Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- University of Madras
- Chennai – 600025
- India
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Sakar M, Balakumar S, Saravanan P, Bharathkumar S. Compliments of confinements: substitution and dimension induced magnetic origin and band-bending mediated photocatalytic enhancements in Bi(1-x)Dy(x)FeO3 particulate and fiber nanostructures. Nanoscale 2015; 7:10667-79. [PMID: 26029882 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr01079a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The manifestation of substitution and dimension induced modifications in the magnetic origin and photocatalytic properties of Dy substituted bismuth ferrite (BDFOx) particulate and fiber nanostructures are reported herein. A gradual transformation from rhombohedral to orthorhombic structure is observed in BFO with the increasing concentration of Dy. Substitution induced size reduction in particulate and fiber nanostructures is evident from the scanning and transmission electron micrographs. Energy band structures of both particulate and fiber nanostructures are considerably influenced by the Dy substitution, which is ascribed to the formation of new energy states underneath the conduction band of host BFO. Field dependent and temperature dependent magnetic studies reveal that the origin of magnetism in pure BFO systems is due to the antiferromagnetic-core/ferromagnetic-shell like structure. On the other hand, it gets completely switched into 'canted' spin structures due to the substitution induced suppression of cycloidal spins in BFO, which is found to be the origin of magnetism in BDFOx particulate and fiber nanostructures. The visible light driven photocatalytic activity of BDFOx nanostructures is found to be enhanced with increasing concentration of Dy. Substitution induced band gap modification, semiconductor band bending phenomenon mediated charge transfer and reduced recombination resistances are attributed to the observed photocatalytic enhancements in these nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sakar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 0025, India.
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Rakkesh RA, Balakumar S. Morphology Dependent Photocatalytic Activity of α-MoO3 Nanostructures Towards Mutagenic Acridine Orange Dye. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2015; 15:4316-4324. [PMID: 26369043 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2015.9723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The morphological evolutions of orthorhombic molybdenum oxide nanostructures with high crystalline nature have been successfully synthesized by combining low-temperature sol-gel and annealing processes. Strong influence of gelation temperature is a factor facilitated to control the material morphology. Morphological transformations like nanospheres, nanoplatelets, mixtures of hexagonal platelets, and one-dimensional nanobars were obtained. The possible morphological formation mechanism has been proposed as a self-assemble process of nucleation and a mechanism for particle growth by Ostwald ripening. The as-prepared nanostructures were recognized as photocatalysts for the degradation of Acridine Orange under Ultra Violet light. The obtained mixed morphology (hexagonal nanoplatelets and nanobars) showed a high photocatalytic property to degrade mutagenic Acridine Orange dye. Moreover, they could be easily recycled without changing the photocatalytic activity due to their 1-Dimensional and 2-Dimensional nanostructure property.
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45
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Durgalakshmi D, Balakumar S, Raja CA, George RP, Mudali UK. Structural, Morphological and Antibacterial Investigation of Ag-Impregnated Sol-Gel-Derived 45S5 NanoBioglass Systems. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2015; 15:4285-4295. [PMID: 26369040 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2015.9724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
An increasing percentage of ageing population requires 30-year survivability of orthopedic devices that is not possible with the current bioinert materials, having a maximum of 15-year survivability. To satisfy this growing need, a shift is needed from replacement of tissues to regeneration of tissues. This is highly possible through the use of silica-bioactive glasses. However, a failure of implant can occur due to infections even by using such materials. Advances in using silver for antibacterial applications have been commercialized. However, higher concentrations of silver also lead to toxic effects. In this study, nanoBioglass 45S5 (NBG) and Ag-NBG were synthesized by using sol-gel method followed by solution-phase method, respectively. The bioactive crystals such as Na2Ca2Si3O9, CaCO3, and AgPO3, very much needed in the field of bone tissue engineering and in antibacterial strategies, were obtained in the NBG Matrix. The morphological investigation of NBG with 1 mM Ag+ concentrations shows the nanospikes arrangement of size 30-40 nm with spherical porous structure of size 10-20 nm, which supports the formation of collagen molecular fibrils on the surface of NBG matrices and enhances osseointegration. Both gram-positive and gram-negative strains show higher antibacterial activity for nanoBioglass with 1 mM Ag+ concentration.
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Radha G, Balakumar S, Venkatesan B, Vellaichamy E. Evaluation of hemocompatibility and in vitro immersion on microwave-assisted hydroxyapatite–alumina nanocomposites. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2015; 50:143-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Antony R, Suja Pon Mini PS, Theodore David Manickam S, Sanjeev G, Mitu L, Balakumar S. Changes in spectrochemical and catalytic properties of biopolymer anchored Cu(II) and Ni(II) catalysts by electron beam irradiation. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 149:550-557. [PMID: 25983056 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan (a biopolymer) anchored Cu(II) and Ni(II) Schiff base complexes, [M(OIAC)Cl2] (M: Cu/Ni and OIAC: ([2-oxo-1H-indol-3-ylidene]amino)chitosan) were electron beam irradiated by different doses (100 Gy, 1 kGy and 10 kGy). The electron beam has shown potential impact on biopolymer's support, in detail chain linking and chain scissoring, as evidenced by viscosity studies, FT-IR and X-ray diffraction spectroscopic techniques. Due to these structural changes, thermal properties of the complexes were found to be changed. The surface of these heterogeneous complexes was also effectually altered by electron beam. As a consequence, pores and holes were created as probed by SEM technique. The catalytic activity of both non-irradiated and irradiated complexes was investigated in the aerobic oxidation of cyclohexane using hydrogen peroxide oxidant. The catalytic ability of the complexes was enhanced significantly after irradiation as the result of surface changes. The reusability of the complexes was also greatly affected because of the structural variations in polymeric support. In terms of both better catalytic activity along with the reusability, 1 kGy is suggested as the best dose to attain adequate increase in catalytic activity and good reusability.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Antony
- Centre for Scientific and Applied Research, PSN College of Engineering and Technology, Tirunelveli 627 152, India; Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - P S Suja Pon Mini
- Centre for Scientific and Applied Research, PSN College of Engineering and Technology, Tirunelveli 627 152, India
| | - S Theodore David Manickam
- Centre for Scientific and Applied Research, PSN College of Engineering and Technology, Tirunelveli 627 152, India.
| | - Ganesh Sanjeev
- Microtron Centre, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri 574 199, India
| | - Liviu Mitu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pitesti, Pitesti 110040, Romania
| | - S Balakumar
- Centre for Scientific and Applied Research, PSN College of Engineering and Technology, Tirunelveli 627 152, India
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Anjana G, Gowri M, Raja CSA, Prasath M, Balakumar S, Ganesh V. Silver Nanoparticles as a Non Alcoholic Hospital Disinfectant to Combat Nosocomial Pathogens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1166/jbns.2015.1280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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50
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Durgalakshmi D, Balakumar S. Phase separation induced shell thickness variations in electrospun hollow Bioglass 45S5 fiber mats for drug delivery applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:15316-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01738f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hollow fiber mats obtained by an electrospinning technique show higher apatite formation, and they can also be used for drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Durgalakshmi
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- University of Madras
- Chennai 600025
- India
| | - S. Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- University of Madras
- Chennai 600025
- India
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