1
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Wuyts S, Alves R, Zimmermann‐Kogadeeva M, Nishijima S, Blasche S, Driessen M, Geyer PE, Hercog R, Kartal E, Maier L, Müller JB, Garcia Santamarina S, Schmidt TSB, Sevin DC, Telzerow A, Treit PV, Wenzel T, Typas A, Patil KR, Mann M, Kuhn M, Bork P. Consistency across multi-omics layers in a drug-perturbed gut microbial community. Mol Syst Biol 2023; 19:e11525. [PMID: 37485738 PMCID: PMC10495815 DOI: 10.15252/msb.202311525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-omics analyses are used in microbiome studies to understand molecular changes in microbial communities exposed to different conditions. However, it is not always clear how much each omics data type contributes to our understanding and whether they are concordant with each other. Here, we map the molecular response of a synthetic community of 32 human gut bacteria to three non-antibiotic drugs by using five omics layers (16S rRNA gene profiling, metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics and metabolomics). We find that all the omics methods with species resolution are highly consistent in estimating relative species abundances. Furthermore, different omics methods complement each other for capturing functional changes. For example, while nearly all the omics data types captured that the antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine selectively inhibits Bacteroidota representatives in the community, the metatranscriptome and metaproteome suggested that the drug induces stress responses related to protein quality control. Metabolomics revealed a decrease in oligosaccharide uptake, likely caused by Bacteroidota depletion. Our study highlights how multi-omics datasets can be utilized to reveal complex molecular responses to external perturbations in microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander Wuyts
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
| | - Renato Alves
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
| | | | | | - Sonja Blasche
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
- Medical Research Council Toxicology UnitCambridgeUK
| | | | - Philipp E Geyer
- Department of Proteomics and Signal TransductionMax Planck Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
| | - Rajna Hercog
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
| | - Ece Kartal
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
| | - Lisa Maier
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
| | - Johannes B Müller
- Department of Proteomics and Signal TransductionMax Planck Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
| | - Sarela Garcia Santamarina
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
- Present address:
MOSTMICRO Unit, Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica e BiologicaUniversidade Nova de LisboaOeirasPortugal
| | | | | | - Anja Telzerow
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
| | - Peter V Treit
- Department of Proteomics and Signal TransductionMax Planck Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
| | - Tobias Wenzel
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
- Present address:
Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological SciencesPontificia Universidad Catolica de ChileSantiagoChile
| | | | - Kiran R Patil
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
- Medical Research Council Toxicology UnitCambridgeUK
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal TransductionMax Planck Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
- Proteomics Program, NNF Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Michael Kuhn
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
| | - Peer Bork
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelbergGermany
- Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular MedicineBerlinGermany
- Yonsei Frontier Lab (YFL)Yonsei UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
- Department of Bioinformatics, BiocenterUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
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2
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Van Laethem J, Wuyts S, Van Laere S, Koulalis J, Colman M, Moretti M, Seyler L, De Waele E, Pierard D, Lacor P, Allard SD. Correction to: Antibiotic prescriptions in the context of suspected bacterial respiratory tract superinfections in the COVID-19 era: a retrospective quantitative analysis of antibiotic consumption and identification of antibiotic prescription drivers. Intern Emerg Med 2023; 18:1607-1608. [PMID: 37178243 PMCID: PMC10182755 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-023-03302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Van Laethem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - S Wuyts
- Hospital Pharmacy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
- Research Group Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Van Laere
- Interfaculty Centre Data Processing and Statistics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Koulalis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Colman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Moretti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Seyler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - E De Waele
- Intensive Care Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Pierard
- Microbiology Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Lacor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S D Allard
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
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3
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Lebeer S, Oerlemans EFM, Claes I, Henkens T, Delanghe L, Wuyts S, Spacova I, van den Broek MFL, Tuyaerts I, Wittouck S, De Boeck I, Allonsius CN, Kiekens F, Lambert J. Selective targeting of skin pathobionts and inflammation with topically applied lactobacilli. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100521. [PMID: 35243421 PMCID: PMC8861818 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Tailored skin microbiome modulation approaches with probiotics are highly challenging. Here, we show that lactobacilli are underestimated members of the skin microbiota. We select specific strains of nomadic lactobacilli for their functional applicability on the skin and capacity to inhibit growth and inflammation by skin pathobionts. The strains are formulated as microcapsules for topical formulations and tested in patients with mild-to-moderate acne. The selected lactobacilli are able to reduce inflammatory lesions in a pilot and placebo-controlled study. Daily application for 8 weeks is associated with an in vivo temporary modulation of the microbiome, including a reduction in relative abundance of staphylococci and Cutibacterium acnes, and an increase in lactobacilli. The reduction in inflammatory lesions is still apparent 4 weeks after the topical application of the lactobacilli ended, indicating a possible additional immunomodulatory effect. This study shows that carefully selected and formulated lactobacilli are a viable therapeutic option for common acne lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lebeer
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eline F M Oerlemans
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ingmar Claes
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tim Henkens
- University of Antwerp, Department of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lize Delanghe
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sander Wuyts
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Irina Spacova
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marianne F L van den Broek
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ines Tuyaerts
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stijn Wittouck
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ilke De Boeck
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Camille N Allonsius
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Filip Kiekens
- University of Antwerp, Department of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Julien Lambert
- University Hospital Antwerp/University of Antwerp, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
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4
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Van Laethem J, Wuyts S, Van Laere S, Koulalis J, Colman M, Moretti M, Seyler L, De Waele E, Pierard D, Lacor P, Allard SD. Antibiotic prescriptions in the context of suspected bacterial respiratory tract superinfections in the COVID-19 era: a retrospective quantitative analysis of antibiotic consumption and identification of antibiotic prescription drivers. Intern Emerg Med 2022; 17:141-151. [PMID: 34185257 PMCID: PMC8239323 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-021-02790-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to quantify antibiotic consumption for suspected respiratory tract superinfections in COVID-19 patients, while investigating the associated drivers of antibiotic prescribing in light of the current signs of antibiotic overuse. Adult patients with a positive COVID-19 diagnosis admitted to a Belgian 721-bed university hospital were analyzed retrospectively (March 11th-May 4th, 2020), excluding short-term admissions (< 24 h). Antibiotic prescriptions were analyzed and quantified, using Defined Daily Doses (DDD) per admission and per 100 bed days. Possible drivers of antibiotic prescribing were identified by means of mixed effects logistic modelling analysis with backwards selection. Of all included admissions (n = 429), 39% (n = 171) were prescribed antibiotics for (presumed) respiratory tract superinfection (3.6 DDD/admission; 31.5 DDD/100 bed days). Consumption of beta-lactamase inhibitor-penicillin combinations was the highest (2.55 DDD/admission; 23.3 DDD/100 bed days). Four drivers were identified: fever on admission (OR 2.97; 95% CI 1.42-6.22), lower SpO2/FiO2 ratio on admission (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.92-0.99), underlying pulmonary disease (OR 3.04; 95% CI 1.12-8.27) and longer hospital stay (OR 1.09; 95% CI 1.03-1.16). We present detailed quantitative antibiotic data for presumed respiratory tract superinfections in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. In addition to knowledge on antibiotic consumption, we hope antimicrobial stewardship programs will be able to use the drivers identified in this study to optimize their interventions in COVID-19 wards.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Van Laethem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - S Wuyts
- Hospital Pharmacy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
- Research Group Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Van Laere
- Interfaculty Centre Data Processing and Statistics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Koulalis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Colman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Moretti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Seyler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - E De Waele
- Intensive Care Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Pierard
- Microbiology Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Lacor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S D Allard
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
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5
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De Boeck I, Wittouck S, Martens K, Spacova I, Cauwenberghs E, Allonsius CN, Jörissen J, Wuyts S, Van Beeck W, Dillen J, Bron PA, Steelant B, Hellings PW, Vanderveken OM, Lebeer S. The nasal mutualist Dolosigranulum pigrum AMBR11 supports homeostasis via multiple mechanisms. iScience 2021; 24:102978. [PMID: 34485860 PMCID: PMC8403741 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Comparing the nasal microbiome of healthy individuals and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients revealed Dolosigranulum pigrum as a species clearly associated with nasal health, although isolates obtained from healthy individuals are scarce. In this study, we explored the properties of this understudied lactic acid bacterium by integrating comparative genomics, habitat mining, cultivation, and functional characterization of interaction capacities. Mining 10.000 samples from the Earth Microbiome Project of 17 habitat types revealed that Dolosigranulum is mainly associated with the human nasal cavity. D. pigrum AMBR11 isolated from the nose of a healthy individual exerted antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, decreased proinflammatory cytokine production in airway epithelial cells, and Galleria mellonella larvae mortality induced by this important nasal pathobiont. Furthermore, the strain protected the nasal barrier function in a mouse model using interleukin-4 as disruptive cytokine. Hence, D. pigrum AMBR11 is a mutualist with high potential as topical live biotherapeutic product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilke De Boeck
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stijn Wittouck
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Katleen Martens
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Unit, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Irina Spacova
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eline Cauwenberghs
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Camille Nina Allonsius
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jennifer Jörissen
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sander Wuyts
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wannes Van Beeck
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jelle Dillen
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Peter A. Bron
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Brecht Steelant
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Unit, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter W. Hellings
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Unit, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Clinical Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olivier M. Vanderveken
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Translational Neurosciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- ENT, Head and Neck Surgery and Communication Disorders, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
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6
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De Boeck I, van den Broek MFL, Allonsius CN, Spacova I, Wittouck S, Martens K, Wuyts S, Cauwenberghs E, Jokicevic K, Vandenheuvel D, Eilers T, Lemarcq M, De Rudder C, Thys S, Timmermans JP, Vroegop AV, Verplaetse A, Van de Wiele T, Kiekens F, Hellings PW, Vanderveken OM, Lebeer S. Lactobacilli Have a Niche in the Human Nose. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107674. [PMID: 32460009 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although an increasing number of beneficial microbiome members are characterized for the human gut and vagina, beneficial microbes are underexplored for the human upper respiratory tract (URT). In this study, we demonstrate that taxa from the beneficial Lactobacillus genus complex are more prevalent in the healthy URT than in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Several URT-specific isolates are cultured, characterized, and further explored for their genetic and functional properties related to adaptation to the URT. Catalase genes are found in the identified lactobacilli, which is a unique feature within this mostly facultative anaerobic genus. Moreover, one of our isolated strains, Lactobacillus casei AMBR2, contains fimbriae that enable strong adherence to URT epithelium, inhibit the growth and virulence of several URT pathogens, and successfully colonize nasal epithelium of healthy volunteers. This study thus demonstrates that specific lactobacilli are adapted to the URT and could have a beneficial keystone function in this habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilke De Boeck
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marianne F L van den Broek
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Camille N Allonsius
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Irina Spacova
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stijn Wittouck
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Katleen Martens
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical Immunology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sander Wuyts
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eline Cauwenberghs
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Katarina Jokicevic
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dieter Vandenheuvel
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tom Eilers
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Michelle Lemarcq
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Gebroeders De Smetstraat 1, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte De Rudder
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie Thys
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jean-Pierre Timmermans
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Anneclaire V Vroegop
- ENT, Head and Neck Surgery and Communication Disorders, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Alex Verplaetse
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Gebroeders De Smetstraat 1, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Filip Kiekens
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Peter W Hellings
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; Clinical Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olivier M Vanderveken
- ENT, Head and Neck Surgery and Communication Disorders, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Translational Neurosciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
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7
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Van Beeck W, Verschueren C, Wuyts S, van den Broek MFL, Uyttendaele M, Lebeer S. Robustness of fermented carrot juice against Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli O157:H7. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 335:108854. [PMID: 32971301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Artisanal vegetable fermentations are regaining popularity in industrialized countries, but they could be prone to contamination with foodborne pathogens. By simulating home or small-scale restaurant fermentations, we evaluated the microbiological safety of spontaneous carrot juice fermentations. Raw carrot juice was spiked with Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Typhimurium and Escherichia coli O157:H7, and the microbial dynamics were followed throughout the entire fermentation process by cultivation and amplicon sequencing. In addition, the behavior of these pathogens was also monitored after addition of raw cucumber juice and storage under refrigerated conditions to mimic post-contamination issues. Although the numbers of the pathogens increased during the first phase of the fermentation, the pathogens were not able to persist throughout the fermentation. Their numbers fell below the detection limit after 8 days of fermentation at 20 °C. Further investigation using amplicon sequencing also showed that there was no major impact on the general microbial dynamics of the spontaneous carrot juice fermentation. This indicates that the artisanal carrot juice fermentation is a robust process which resists the persistence of pathogens. More caution is needed however when mixing the final fermented product with a raw juice. When simulating pathogen post-contamination, both Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli were able to survive in the refrigerated fermented juice up to 10 days after the fermentation. Listeria monocytogenes was detected up to 8 days in the refrigerated juice. Pasteurization of the raw juice before adding it to the fermented product is thus recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wannes Van Beeck
- University of Antwerp, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Cédric Verschueren
- University of Antwerp, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sander Wuyts
- University of Antwerp, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marianne F L van den Broek
- University of Antwerp, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mieke Uyttendaele
- Ghent University, Research Group Food Microbiology and Food Preservation, Faculty of Bio-Science Engineering, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- University of Antwerp, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
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8
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Ayuso M, Michiels J, Wuyts S, Yan H, Degroote J, Lebeer S, Le Bourgot C, Apper E, Majdeddin M, Van Noten N, Vanden Hole C, Van Cruchten S, Van Poucke M, Peelman L, Van Ginneken C. Short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides supplementation to suckling piglets: Assessment of pre- and post-weaning performance and gut health. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233910. [PMID: 32502215 PMCID: PMC7274435 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Farmers face difficulties in redeeming their investment in larger litter sizes since this comes with larger litter heterogenicity, lower litter resilience and risk of higher mortality. Dietary oligosaccharides, given to the sow, proved beneficial for the offspring’s performance. However, giving oligosaccharides to the suckling piglet is poorly explored. Therefore, this field trial studied the effect of dietary short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scFOS; 1g/day; drenched) supplementation to low (LBW, lower quartile), normal (NBW, two intermediate quartiles) and high (HBW, upper quartile) birth weight piglets from birth until 7 or 21 days of age. Performance parameters, gut microbiome and short-chain fatty acids profile of feces and digesta were assessed at birth (d 0), d 7, weaning (d 21.5) and 2 weeks post-weaning (d 36.5). Additional parameters reflecting gut health (intestinal integrity and morphology, mucosal immune system) were analysed at d 36.5. Most parameters changed with age or differed with the piglet’s birth weight. Drenching with scFOS increased body weight by 1 kg in NBW suckling piglets and reduced the post-weaning mortality rate by a 100%. No clear difference in the IgG level, the microbiota composition and fermentative activity between the treatment groups was observed. Additionnally, intestinal integrity, determined by measuring intestinal permeability and regenerative capacity, was similar between the treatment groups. Also, intestinal architecture (villus lenght, crypt depth) was not affected by scFOS supplementation. The density of intra-epithelial lymphocytes and the expression profiles (real-time qPCR) for immune system-related genes (IL-10, IL-1ß, IL-6, TNFα and IFNγ) were used to assess mucosal immunity. Only IFNγ expression, was upregulated in piglets that received scFOS for 7 days. The improved body weight and the reduced post-weaning mortality seen in piglets supplemented with scFOS support the view that scFOS positively impact piglet’s health and resilience. However, the modes of action for these effects are not yet fully elucidated and its potential to improve other performance parameters needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Ayuso
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Joris Michiels
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Laboratory for Animal Production and Animal Product Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sander Wuyts
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Honglin Yan
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Laboratory for Animal Production and Animal Product Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Degroote
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Laboratory for Animal Production and Animal Product Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | | | | | - Maryam Majdeddin
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Laboratory for Animal Production and Animal Product Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Noémie Van Noten
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Laboratory for Animal Production and Animal Product Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Vanden Hole
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Steven Van Cruchten
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Mario Van Poucke
- Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Luc Peelman
- Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Chris Van Ginneken
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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9
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Zheng J, Wittouck S, Salvetti E, Franz CMAP, Harris HMB, Mattarelli P, O'Toole PW, Pot B, Vandamme P, Walter J, Watanabe K, Wuyts S, Felis GE, Gänzle MG, Lebeer S. A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:2782-2858. [PMID: 32293557 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1419] [Impact Index Per Article: 354.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Lactobacillus comprises 261 species (at March 2020) that are extremely diverse at phenotypic, ecological and genotypic levels. This study evaluated the taxonomy of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae on the basis of whole genome sequences. Parameters that were evaluated included core genome phylogeny, (conserved) pairwise average amino acid identity, clade-specific signature genes, physiological criteria and the ecology of the organisms. Based on this polyphasic approach, we propose reclassification of the genus Lactobacillus into 25 genera including the emended genus Lactobacillus, which includes host-adapted organisms that have been referred to as the Lactobacillus delbrueckii group, Paralactobacillus and 23 novel genera for which the names Holzapfelia, Amylolactobacillus, Bombilactobacillus, Companilactobacillus, Lapidilactobacillus, Agrilactobacillus, Schleiferilactobacillus, Loigolactobacilus, Lacticaseibacillus, Latilactobacillus, Dellaglioa, Liquorilactobacillus, Ligilactobacillus, Lactiplantibacillus, Furfurilactobacillus, Paucilactobacillus, Limosilactobacillus, Fructilactobacillus, Acetilactobacillus, Apilactobacillus, Levilactobacillus, Secundilactobacillus and Lentilactobacillus are proposed. We also propose to emend the description of the family Lactobacillaceae to include all genera that were previously included in families Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae. The generic term 'lactobacilli' will remain useful to designate all organisms that were classified as Lactobacillaceae until 2020. This reclassification reflects the phylogenetic position of the micro-organisms, and groups lactobacilli into robust clades with shared ecological and metabolic properties, as exemplified for the emended genus Lactobacillus encompassing species adapted to vertebrates (such as Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus iners, Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus jensensii, Lactobacillus johnsonii and Lactobacillus acidophilus) or invertebrates (such as Lactobacillus apis and Lactobacillus bombicola).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshui Zheng
- Huazhong Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Stijn Wittouck
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Elisa Salvetti
- Dept. of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Charles M A P Franz
- Max Rubner-Institut, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hugh M B Harris
- School of Microbiology & APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Paola Mattarelli
- University of Bologna, Dept. of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paul W O'Toole
- School of Microbiology & APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Bruno Pot
- Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology (IMDO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter Vandamme
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jens Walter
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Koichi Watanabe
- Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC.,National Taiwan University, Dept. of Animal Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sander Wuyts
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Michael G Gänzle
- Hubei University of Technology, College of Bioengineering and Food Science, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.,Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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10
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Wuyts S, Van Beeck W, Allonsius CN, van den Broek MF, Lebeer S. Applications of plant-based fermented foods and their microbes. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 61:45-52. [PMID: 31733464 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2019.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Plant-based fermentations and their microbes provide an underexplored source for novel biotechnological applications. Recent advances in DNA sequencing technologies and analyses of sequencing data highlight that a diverse array of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) frequently dominate these plant fermentations. Because of the long history of safe LAB use in fermented foods, we argue here that various novel probiotic, synbiotic and a range of other industrial applications can be produced based on new insights in the functional and genetic potential of these LAB. To aid in this quest, comparative genomics tools are increasingly available enabling a more rational design of wet-lab experiments to screen for the most relevant properties. This is also true for the exploration of useful enzymatic and (secondary) metabolic production capacities of the LAB that can be isolated from these plant-based fermentations, such as the recent discovery of a cellulase enzyme in specific Lactobacillus plantarum group members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander Wuyts
- Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wannes Van Beeck
- Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Camille Nina Allonsius
- Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marianne Fl van den Broek
- Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
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11
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Wuyts S, Allonsius CN, Wittouck S, Thys S, Lievens B, Weckx S, De Vuyst L, Sarah L. Comparative genome analysis of Lactobacillus mudanjiangensis, an understudied member of the Lactobacillus plantarum group. Microb Genom 2019; 5. [PMID: 31368886 PMCID: PMC6807380 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Lactobacillus is known to be extremely diverse and consists of different phylogenetic groups that show a diversity that is roughly equal to the expected diversity of a typical bacterial genus. One of the most prominent phylogenetic groups within this genus is the Lactobacillus plantarum group, which contains the understudied Lactobacillus mudanjiangensis species. Before this study, only one L. mudanjiangensis strain, DSM 28402T, had been described, but without whole-genome analysis. In this study, three strains classified as L. mudanjiangensis were isolated from three different carrot juice fermentations and their whole-genome sequence was determined, together with the genome sequence of the type strain. The genomes of all four strains were compared with publicly available L. plantarum group genome sequences. This analysis showed that L. mudanjiangensis harboured the second largest genome size and gene count of the whole L. plantarum group. In addition, all members of this species showed the presence of a gene coding for a cellulose-degrading enzyme. Finally, three of the four L. mudanjiangensis strains studied showed the presence of pili on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, which were linked to conjugative gene regions, coded on a plasmid in at least two of the strains studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander Wuyts
- Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology (IMDO), Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Camille Nina Allonsius
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stijn Wittouck
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sofie Thys
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Antwerp Centre for Advanced Microscopy (ACAM), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bart Lievens
- Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Campus De Nayer, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Stefan Weckx
- Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology (IMDO), Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc De Vuyst
- Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology (IMDO), Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lebeer Sarah
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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12
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Abstract
Herein we present a meeting report on the third edition of the ‘Revolutionizing Next-Generation Sequencing’ conference, organized by the Flemish life-science research institute VIB and held at Antwerp, Belgium, 25–26 March 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander Wuyts
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
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13
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Alloul A, Wuyts S, Lebeer S, Vlaeminck SE. Volatile fatty acids impacting phototrophic growth kinetics of purple bacteria: Paving the way for protein production on fermented wastewater. Water Res 2019; 152:138-147. [PMID: 30665160 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient losses in our food chain severely surpass our planetary boundaries. Resource recovery can contribute to mitigation, for instance through converting wastewater resources to microbial protein for animal feed. Wastewater typically holds a complex mixture of organics, posing a challenge to selectively produce heterotrophic biomass. Ensuring the product's quality could be achieved by anaerobic generation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) followed by photoheterotrophic production of purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) with infrared light. This study aimed to determine the most suitable PNSB culture for VFA conversion and map the effect of acetate, propionate, butyrate and a VFA mixture on growth and biomass yield. Six cultures were screened in batch: (i) Rhodopseudomonas palustris, (ii) Rhodobacter sphaeroides, (iii) Rhodospirillum rubrum, (iv) a 3-species synthetic community (i+ii+iii), (v) a community enriched on VFA holding Rb. capsulatus, and (vi) Rb. capsulatus (isolate 'v'). The VFA mixture elevated growth rates with a factor 1.3-2.5 compared to individual VFA. Rb. capsulatus showed the highest growth rates: 1.8-2.2 d-1 (enriched) and 2.3-3.8 d-1 (isolated). In a photobioreactor (PBR) inoculated with the Rb. capsulatus enrichment, decreasing sludge retention time (SRT) yielded lower biomass concentrations, yet increased productivities, reaching 1.7 g dry weight (DW) L-1 d-1, the highest phototrophic rate reported thus far, and a growth rate of up to 5 d-1. PNSB represented 26-57% of the community and the diversity index was low (3-7), with a dominance of Rhodopseudomonas at long SRT and Rhodobacter at short SRT. The biomass yield for all cultures, in batch and reactor cultivation, approached 1 g CODBiomass g-1 CODRemoved. An economic estimation for a two-stage approach on brewery wastewater (load 2427 kg COD d-1) showed that 0.5 d SRT allowed for the lowest production cost (€ 10 kg-1 DW; equal shares for capex and opex). The findings strengthen the potential for a novel two-stage approach for resource recovery from industrial wastewater, enabling high-rate PNSB production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Alloul
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Sander Wuyts
- Research Group of Environmental Ecology & Microbiology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- Research Group of Environmental Ecology & Microbiology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Siegfried E Vlaeminck
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerpen, Belgium.
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14
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Petrova MI, Macklaim JM, Wuyts S, Verhoeven T, Vanderleyden J, Gloor GB, Lebeer S, Reid G. Comparative Genomic and Phenotypic Analysis of the Vaginal Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1278. [PMID: 29963028 PMCID: PMC6013579 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus represents a versatile bacterial genus, which can adapt to a wide variety of ecological niches, including human body sites such as the intestinal and urogenital tract. In this study, the complete genome sequence of the vaginal probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 was determined and compared to other L. rhamnosus strains at genomic and phenotypic level. The strain GR-1 was originally isolated from a female urethra, and was assessed with L. rhamnosus GG from a feces sample of a healthy male, and L. rhamnosus LC705 from a dairy product. A key difference is the absence in GR-1 and LC705 of the spaCBA locus required for pili-mediated intestinal epithelial adhesion. In addition, the L. rhamnosus GR-1 genome contains a unique cluster for exopolysaccharide production, which is postulated to synthesize glucose-rich, rhamnose-lacking exopolysaccharide molecules that are different from the galactose-rich extracellular polysaccharide of L. rhamnosus GG. Compared to L. rhamnosus GG, L. rhamnosus GR-1 was also genetically predicted and experimentally shown to better metabolize lactose and maltose, and to better withstand oxidative stress, which is of relevance in the vagina. This study could thus provide a molecular framework for the selection of the optimal probiotic strain for each targeted niche and condition, but further substantiation of niche adaptation mechanisms of lactobacilli is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya I. Petrova
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jean M. Macklaim
- Canadian Research and Development Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotics, Lawson Health Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Sander Wuyts
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tine Verhoeven
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jos Vanderleyden
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gregory B. Gloor
- Canadian Research and Development Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotics, Lawson Health Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gregor Reid
- Canadian Research and Development Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotics, Lawson Health Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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15
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Stes H, Aerts S, Caluwé M, Dobbeleers T, Wuyts S, Kiekens F, D'aes J, De Langhe P, Dries J. Formation of aerobic granular sludge and the influence of the pH on sludge characteristics in a SBR fed with brewery/bottling plant wastewater. Water Sci Technol 2018; 77:2253-2264. [PMID: 29757177 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was operated for 450 days to assess aerobic granule formation when treating brewery/bottling plant wastewater by consistent application of a feast/famine regime. The experiment was divided into three major periods according to the different operational conditions: (I) no pH control and strong fluctuations in organic loading rate (OLR) (1.18 ± 0.25 kgCOD·(m3·day)-1), (II) pH control and aeration control strategy to reduce OLR fluctuations (1.45 ± 0.65 kgCOD·(m3·day)-1) and (III) no pH control and stable OLR (1.42 ± 0.18 kgCOD·(m3·day)-1). Aerobic granule formation was successful after 80 days and maintained during the subsequent 380 days. The aerobic granular sludge was characterized by SVI5 and SVI30 values below 60 mL.g-1 and dominated by granular, dense structures. An oxygen uptake rate based aeration control strategy insured endogenous respiration at the end of the aerobic phase, resulting in stable SBR operation when the influent composition fluctuated. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction results show no significant enrichment of Accumulibacter or Competibacter during the granulation process. The 16S rRNA sequencing results indicate enrichment of other, possibly important species during aerobic granule formation while treating brewery wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Stes
- Research group BioGEM, Bio-Chemical Green Engineering & Materials, Faculty of Applied Engineering, University of Antwerp, Salesianenlaan 90, 2660 Antwerp, Belgium E-mail: ; Pantarein Water BVBA, Egide Walschaersstraat 22 L, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Sven Aerts
- Pantarein Water BVBA, Egide Walschaersstraat 22 L, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Michel Caluwé
- Research group BioGEM, Bio-Chemical Green Engineering & Materials, Faculty of Applied Engineering, University of Antwerp, Salesianenlaan 90, 2660 Antwerp, Belgium E-mail:
| | - Thomas Dobbeleers
- Research group BioGEM, Bio-Chemical Green Engineering & Materials, Faculty of Applied Engineering, University of Antwerp, Salesianenlaan 90, 2660 Antwerp, Belgium E-mail:
| | - Sander Wuyts
- Research group ENdEMIC, Faculty of Bioengineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium and Research group IMDO, Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Elsene, Belgium
| | - Filip Kiekens
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jolien D'aes
- Research group BioGEM, Bio-Chemical Green Engineering & Materials, Faculty of Applied Engineering, University of Antwerp, Salesianenlaan 90, 2660 Antwerp, Belgium E-mail:
| | - Piet De Langhe
- Pantarein Water BVBA, Egide Walschaersstraat 22 L, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Jan Dries
- Research group BioGEM, Bio-Chemical Green Engineering & Materials, Faculty of Applied Engineering, University of Antwerp, Salesianenlaan 90, 2660 Antwerp, Belgium E-mail:
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16
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De Boeck I, Wittouck S, Wuyts S, Oerlemans EFM, van den Broek MFL, Vandenheuvel D, Vanderveken O, Lebeer S. Comparing the Healthy Nose and Nasopharynx Microbiota Reveals Continuity As Well As Niche-Specificity. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2372. [PMID: 29238339 PMCID: PMC5712567 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve our understanding of upper respiratory tract (URT) diseases and the underlying microbial pathogenesis, a better characterization of the healthy URT microbiome is crucial. In this first large-scale study, we obtained more insight in the URT microbiome of healthy adults. Hereto, we collected paired nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs from 100 healthy participants in a citizen-science project. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene V4 amplicon sequencing was performed and samples were processed using the Divisive Amplicon Denoising Algorithm 2 (DADA2) algorithm. This allowed us to identify the bacterial richness and diversity of the samples in terms of amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), with special attention to intragenus variation. We found both niches to have a low overall species richness and uneven distribution. Moreover, based on hierarchical clustering, nasopharyngeal samples could be grouped into some bacterial community types at genus level, of which four were supported to some extent by prediction strength evaluation: one intermixed type with a higher bacterial diversity where Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, and Dolosigranulum appeared main bacterial members in different relative abundances, and three types dominated by either Moraxella, Streptococcus, or Fusobacterium. Some of these bacterial community types such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium were nasopharynx-specific and never occurred in the nose. No clear association between the nasopharyngeal bacterial profiles at genus level and the variables age, gender, blood type, season of sampling, or common respiratory allergies was found in this study population, except for smoking showing a positive association with Corynebacterium and Staphylococcus. Based on the fine-scale resolution of the ASVs, both known commensal and potential pathogenic bacteria were found within several genera - particularly in Streptococcus and Moraxella - in our healthy study population. Of interest, the nasopharynx hosted more potential pathogenic species than the nose. To our knowledge, this is the first large-scale study using the DADA2 algorithm to investigate the microbiota in the "healthy" adult nose and nasopharynx. These results contribute to a better understanding of the composition and diversity of the healthy microbiome in the URT and the differences between these important URT niches. Trial Registration: Ethical Committee of Antwerp University Hospital, B300201524257, registered 23 March 2015, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02 933983.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilke De Boeck
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stijn Wittouck
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sander Wuyts
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eline F M Oerlemans
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Dieter Vandenheuvel
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Olivier Vanderveken
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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17
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Acurcio LB, Bastos RW, Sandes SHDC, Guimarães ACDC, Alves CG, Reis DCD, Wuyts S, Nunes ÁC, Cassali GD, Lebeer S, Souza MRD, Nicoli JR. Protective effects of milk fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum B7 from Brazilian artisanal cheese on a Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection in BALB/c mice. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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18
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Swings T, Van den Bergh B, Wuyts S, Oeyen E, Voordeckers K, Verstrepen KJ, Fauvart M, Verstraeten N, Michiels J. Adaptive tuning of mutation rates allows fast response to lethal stress in Escherichia coli. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28460660 PMCID: PMC5429094 DOI: 10.7554/elife.22939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
While specific mutations allow organisms to adapt to stressful environments, most changes in an organism's DNA negatively impact fitness. The mutation rate is therefore strictly regulated and often considered a slowly-evolving parameter. In contrast, we demonstrate an unexpected flexibility in cellular mutation rates as a response to changes in selective pressure. We show that hypermutation independently evolves when different Escherichia coli cultures adapt to high ethanol stress. Furthermore, hypermutator states are transitory and repeatedly alternate with decreases in mutation rate. Specifically, population mutation rates rise when cells experience higher stress and decline again once cells are adapted. Interestingly, we identified cellular mortality as the major force driving the quick evolution of mutation rates. Together, these findings show how organisms balance robustness and evolvability and help explain the prevalence of hypermutation in various settings, ranging from emergence of antibiotic resistance in microbes to cancer relapses upon chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toon Swings
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Van den Bergh
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sander Wuyts
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eline Oeyen
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karin Voordeckers
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Laboratory for Genetics and Genomics, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kevin J Verstrepen
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Laboratory for Genetics and Genomics, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Fauvart
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Smart Systems and Emerging Technologies Unit, Imec (Interuniversity Micro-Electronics Centre), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Natalie Verstraeten
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Michiels
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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19
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Tacchella S, Carollo CM, Renzini A, Förster Schreiber NM, Lang P, Wuyts S, Cresci G, Dekel A, Genzel R, Lilly SJ, Mancini C, Newman S, Onodera M, Shapley A, Tacconi L, Woo J, Zamorani G. Galaxy evolution. Evidence for mature bulges and an inside-out quenching phase 3 billion years after the Big Bang. Science 2015; 348:314-7. [PMID: 25883353 DOI: 10.1126/science.1261094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Most present-day galaxies with stellar masses ≥10(11) solar masses show no ongoing star formation and are dense spheroids. Ten billion years ago, similarly massive galaxies were typically forming stars at rates of hundreds solar masses per year. It is debated how star formation ceased, on which time scales, and how this "quenching" relates to the emergence of dense spheroids. We measured stellar mass and star-formation rate surface density distributions in star-forming galaxies at redshift 2.2 with ~1-kiloparsec resolution. We find that, in the most massive galaxies, star formation is quenched from the inside out, on time scales less than 1 billion years in the inner regions, up to a few billion years in the outer disks. These galaxies sustain high star-formation activity at large radii, while hosting fully grown and already quenched bulges in their cores.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tacchella
- Department of Physics, Institute for Astronomy, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - C M Carollo
- Department of Physics, Institute for Astronomy, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - A Renzini
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padova, Italy
| | - N M Förster Schreiber
- Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Giessenbachstrasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - P Lang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Giessenbachstrasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S Wuyts
- Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Giessenbachstrasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G Cresci
- INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Arcetri, Largo Enrico Fermi 5, I-50125 Firenze, Italy
| | - A Dekel
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - R Genzel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Giessenbachstrasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Department of Astronomy, Campbell Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Department of Physics, Le Conte Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - S J Lilly
- Department of Physics, Institute for Astronomy, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C Mancini
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padova, Italy
| | - S Newman
- Department of Astronomy, Campbell Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - M Onodera
- Department of Physics, Institute for Astronomy, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Shapley
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1547, USA
| | - L Tacconi
- Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Giessenbachstrasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J Woo
- Department of Physics, Institute for Astronomy, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G Zamorani
- INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna, Via Ranzani 1, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
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20
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Santini P, Ferguson HC, Fontana A, Mobasher B, Barro G, Castellano M, Finkelstein SL, Grazian A, Hsu LT, Lee B, Lee SK, Pforr J, Salvato M, Wiklind T, Wuyts S, Almaini O, Cooper MC, Galametz A, Weiner B, Amorin R, Boutsia K, Conselice CJ, Dahlen T, Dickinson ME, Giavalisco M, Grogin NA, Guo Y, Hathi NP, Kocevski D, Koekemoer AM, Kurczynski P, Merlin E, Mortlock A, Newman JA, Paris D, Pentericci L, Simons R, Willner SP. STELLAR MASSES FROM THE CANDELS SURVEY: THE GOODS-SOUTH AND UDS FIELDS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/801/2/97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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21
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Genzel R, Tacconi LJ, Lutz D, Saintonge A, Berta S, Magnelli B, Combes F, García-Burillo S, Neri R, Bolatto A, Contini T, Lilly S, Boissier J, Boone F, Bouché N, Bournaud F, Burkert A, Carollo M, Colina L, Cooper MC, Cox P, Feruglio C, Förster Schreiber NM, Freundlich J, Gracia-Carpio J, Juneau S, Kovac K, Lippa M, Naab T, Salome P, Renzini A, Sternberg A, Walter F, Weiner B, Weiss A, Wuyts S. COMBINED CO AND DUST SCALING RELATIONS OF DEPLETION TIME AND MOLECULAR GAS FRACTIONS WITH COSMIC TIME, SPECIFIC STAR-FORMATION RATE, AND STELLAR MASS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/800/1/20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 418] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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22
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Wisnioski E, Förster Schreiber NM, Wuyts S, Wuyts E, Bandara K, Wilman D, Genzel R, Bender R, Davies R, Fossati M, Lang P, Mendel JT, Beifiori A, Brammer G, Chan J, Fabricius M, Fudamoto Y, Kulkarni S, Kurk J, Lutz D, Nelson EJ, Momcheva I, Rosario D, Saglia R, Seitz S, Tacconi LJ, van Dokkum PG. THE KMOS3DSURVEY: DESIGN, FIRST RESULTS, AND THE EVOLUTION OF GALAXY KINEMATICS FROM 0.7 ⩽z⩽ 2.7. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/799/2/209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 338] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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23
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Genzel R, Förster Schreiber NM, Rosario D, Lang P, Lutz D, Wisnioski E, Wuyts E, Wuyts S, Bandara K, Bender R, Berta S, Kurk J, Mendel JT, Tacconi LJ, Wilman D, Beifiori A, Brammer G, Burkert A, Buschkamp P, Chan J, Carollo CM, Davies R, Eisenhauer F, Fabricius M, Fossati M, Kriek M, Kulkarni S, Lilly SJ, Mancini C, Momcheva I, Naab T, Nelson EJ, Renzini A, Saglia R, Sharples RM, Sternberg A, Tacchella S, van Dokkum P. EVIDENCE FOR WIDE-SPREAD ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS-DRIVEN OUTFLOWS IN THE MOST MASSIVEz∼ 1-2 STAR-FORMING GALAXIES. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/796/1/7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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24
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Wuyts S, De Temmerman K, De Vos DE, Jacobs PA. Acid Zeolites as Alcohol Racemization Catalysts: Screening and Application in Biphasic Dynamic Kinetic Resolution. Chemistry 2005; 11:386-97. [PMID: 15565578 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200400713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Acid zeolites were screened as heterogeneous catalysts for racemization of benzylic alcohols. The most promising zeolites appeared to be H-Beta zeolites, for which the optimal reaction conditions were studied in further detail. The zeolite performance was compared to that of homogeneous acids and acid resins under similar reaction conditions. In a second part of the research, H-Beta zeolites were applied in dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) of 1-phenylethanol, which was conducted by means of a two-phase approach and which resulted in yields smoothly crossing the 50% border up to 90%, with an enantiomeric excess of >99%. To explore the applicability of this biphasic methodology, several other substrates were examined in the standard racemization reaction and in the biphasic dynamic kinetic resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wuyts
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KULeuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 23, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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25
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