1
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Renaud O, Aulner N, Salles A, Halidi N, Brunstein M, Mallet A, Aumayr K, Terjung S, Levy D, Lippens S, Verbavatz JM, Heuser T, Santarella-Mellwig R, Tinevez JY, Woller T, Botzki A, Cawthorne C, Munck S. Staying on track - Keeping things running in a high-end scientific imaging core facility. J Microsc 2024; 294:276-294. [PMID: 38656474 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Modern life science research is a collaborative effort. Few research groups can single-handedly support the necessary equipment, expertise and personnel needed for the ever-expanding portfolio of technologies that are required across multiple disciplines in today's life science endeavours. Thus, research institutes are increasingly setting up scientific core facilities to provide access and specialised support for cutting-edge technologies. Maintaining the momentum needed to carry out leading research while ensuring high-quality daily operations is an ongoing challenge, regardless of the resources allocated to establish such facilities. Here, we outline and discuss the range of activities required to keep things running once a scientific imaging core facility has been established. These include managing a wide range of equipment and users, handling repairs and service contracts, planning for equipment upgrades, renewals, or decommissioning, and continuously upskilling while balancing innovation and consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Renaud
- Cell and Tissue Imaging Platform (PICT-IBiSA, France-BioImaging), Institut Curie, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Aulner
- Centre de Ressources et Recherches Technologiques (UTechS-PBI, C2RT), Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Photonic Bio-Imaging, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Salles
- Centre de Ressources et Recherches Technologiques (UTechS-PBI, C2RT), Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Photonic Bio-Imaging, Paris, France
| | - Nadia Halidi
- Advanced Light Microscopy Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maia Brunstein
- Bioimaging Core Facility, Centre de Ressources et Recherches Technologiques (C2RT), Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Institut de l'Audition, Paris, France
| | - Adeline Mallet
- Centre de Ressources et Recherches Technologiques (UBI, C2RT), Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Ultrastructural BioImaging, Paris, France
| | - Karin Aumayr
- BioOptics Facility, Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP) Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna, Austria
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences (GMI), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Terjung
- Advanced Light Microscopy Facility, EMBL Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Levy
- Cell and Tissue Imaging Platform (PICT-IBiSA, France-BioImaging), Institut Curie, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Inserm, Paris, France
| | | | - Jean-Marc Verbavatz
- Institut Jacques Monod (Imagoseine), Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Heuser
- Vienna Biocenter Core Facilities GmbH (VBCF), Wien, Austria
| | | | - Jean-Yves Tinevez
- Image Analysis Hub, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Tatiana Woller
- VIB Technology Training, Data Core, VIB BioImaging Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Neuroscience Department, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Christopher Cawthorne
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sebastian Munck
- Neuroscience Department, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB BioImaging Core, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
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2
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Tranfield EM, Lippens S. Future proofing core facilities with a seven-pillar model. J Microsc 2024; 294:411-419. [PMID: 38700841 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Centralised core facilities have evolved into vital components of life science research, transitioning from a primary focus on centralising equipment to ensuring access to technology experts across all facets of an experimental workflow. Herein, we put forward a seven-pillar model to define what a core facility needs to meet its overarching goal of facilitating research. The seven equally weighted pillars are Technology, Core Facility Team, Training, Career Tracks, Technical Support, Community and Transparency. These seven pillars stand on a solid foundation of cultural, operational and framework policies including the elements of transparent and stable funding strategies, modern human resources support, progressive facility leadership and management as well as clear institute strategies and policies. This foundation, among other things, ensures a tight alignment of the core facilities to the vision and mission of the institute. To future-proof core facilities, it is crucial to foster all seven of these pillars, particularly focusing on newly identified pillars such as career tracks, thus enabling core facilities to continue supporting research and catalysing scientific advancement. Lay abstract: In research, there is a growing trend to bring advanced, high-performance equipment together into a centralised location. This is done to streamline how the equipment purchase is financed, how the equipment is maintained, and to enable an easier approach for research scientists to access these tools in a location that is supported by a team of technology experts who can help scientists use the equipment. These centralised equipment centres are called Core Facilities. The core facility model is relatively new in science and it requires an adapted approach to how core facilities are built and managed. In this paper, we put forward a seven-pillar model of the important supporting elements of core facilities. These supporting elements are: Technology (the instruments themselves), Core Facility Team (the technology experts who operate the instruments), Training (of the staff and research community), Career Tracks (for the core facility staff), Technical Support (the process of providing help to apply the technology to a scientific question), Community (of research scientist, technology experts and developers) and Transparency (of how the core facility works and the costs associated with using the service). These pillars stand on the bigger foundation of clear policies, guidelines, and leadership approaches at the institutional level. With a focus on these elements, the authors feel core facilities will be well positioned to support scientific discovery in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Tranfield
- VIB Bioimaging Core Ghent, VIB, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
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3
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Van Minnebruggen G, Lippens S. Can you keep up? : The challenges for research institutes and core facilities in scouting and adopting new technologies. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:1704-1707. [PMID: 38374202 PMCID: PMC11014991 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00078-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The rapid pace of technology evolution puts pressure on scientists, research institutes and core facilities to explore and embrace the latest developments. Cooperation and various testing strategies are key to efficiently decide on which platforms are promising and worthwhile to adopt.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saskia Lippens
- VIB Technologies, VIB, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium.
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4
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Srinivasan S, Kancheva D, De Ren S, Saito T, Jans M, Boone F, Vandendriessche C, Paesmans I, Maurin H, Vandenbroucke RE, Hoste E, Voet S, Scheyltjens I, Pavie B, Lippens S, Schwabenland M, Prinz M, Saido T, Bottelbergs A, Movahedi K, Lamkanfi M, van Loo G. Inflammasome signaling is dispensable for ß-amyloid-induced neuropathology in preclinical models of Alzheimer's disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1323409. [PMID: 38352874 PMCID: PMC10863058 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1323409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder affecting memory and cognition. The disease is accompanied by an abnormal deposition of ß-amyloid plaques in the brain that contributes to neurodegeneration and is known to induce glial inflammation. Studies in the APP/PS1 mouse model of ß-amyloid-induced neuropathology have suggested a role for inflammasome activation in ß-amyloid-induced neuroinflammation and neuropathology. Methods Here, we evaluated the in vivo role of microglia-selective and full body inflammasome signalling in several mouse models of ß-amyloid-induced AD neuropathology. Results Microglia-specific deletion of the inflammasome regulator A20 and inflammasome effector protease caspase-1 in the AppNL-G-F and APP/PS1 models failed to identify a prominent role for microglial inflammasome signalling in ß-amyloid-induced neuropathology. Moreover, global inflammasome inactivation through respectively full body deletion of caspases 1 and 11 in AppNL-G-F mice and Nlrp3 deletion in APP/PS1 mice also failed to modulate amyloid pathology and disease progression. In agreement, single-cell RNA sequencing did not reveal an important role for Nlrp3 signalling in driving microglial activation and the transition into disease-associated states, both during homeostasis and upon amyloid pathology. Conclusion Collectively, these results question a generalizable role for inflammasome activation in preclinical amyloid-only models of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahana Srinivasan
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daliya Kancheva
- Brain and Systems Immunology Lab, Brussels Center for Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sofie De Ren
- Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Takashi Saito
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Neurocognitive Science, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Maude Jans
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fleur Boone
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charysse Vandendriessche
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ine Paesmans
- Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Hervé Maurin
- Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Esther Hoste
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie Voet
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Scheyltjens
- Brain and Systems Immunology Lab, Brussels Center for Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Pavie
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Bioimaging Core, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Saskia Lippens
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Bioimaging Core, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marius Schwabenland
- Institute of Neuropathology Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Takaomi Saido
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Astrid Bottelbergs
- Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Kiavash Movahedi
- Brain and Systems Immunology Lab, Brussels Center for Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Lamkanfi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert van Loo
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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5
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Borghgraef P, Kremer A, De Bruyne M, Guérin CJ, Lippens S. Resin comparison for serial block face scanning volume electron microscopy. Methods Cell Biol 2023; 177:33-54. [PMID: 37451773 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Serial Block Face Scanning Electron Microscopy (SBF-SEM) is one of several volume electron microscopy (vEM) techniques whose purpose is to reveal the nanostructure of cells and tissues in three dimensions. As one of the earliest, and possibly most widely adopted of the disruptive vEM techniques there have been hundreds of publications using the method, although very few comparative studies of specimen preparation parameters. While some studies have focused on staining and specimen acquisition no comparison of resin embedding has yet been conducted. To this end we have surveyed the SBF-SEM literature to determine which resins are commonly used and compared them in both cellular and fixed tissue samples in an attempt to optimize sample preparation for: effectiveness of resin infiltration, resistance to charging and beam damage and clarity of image in the resulting data set. Here we present the results and discuss the various factors that go into optimizing specimen preparation for SBF-SEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Borghgraef
- VIB Bioimaging Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anna Kremer
- VIB Bioimaging Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michiel De Bruyne
- VIB Bioimaging Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christopher J Guérin
- VIB Bioimaging Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Saskia Lippens
- VIB Bioimaging Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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6
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Lippens S, Audenaert D, Botzki A, Derveaux S, Ghesquière B, Goeminne G, Hassanzadeh R, Haustraete J, Impens F, Lamote J, Munck S, Vandamme N, Van Isterdael G, Lein M, Van Minnebruggen G. How tech‐savvy employees make the difference in core facilities. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e55094. [DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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7
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Guilliams M, Bonnardel J, Haest B, Vanderborght B, Wagner C, Remmerie A, Bujko A, Martens L, Thoné T, Browaeys R, De Ponti FF, Vanneste B, Zwicker C, Svedberg FR, Vanhalewyn T, Gonçalves A, Lippens S, Devriendt B, Cox E, Ferrero G, Wittamer V, Willaert A, Kaptein SJF, Neyts J, Dallmeier K, Geldhof P, Casaert S, Deplancke B, Ten Dijke P, Hoorens A, Vanlander A, Berrevoet F, Van Nieuwenhove Y, Saeys Y, Saelens W, Van Vlierberghe H, Devisscher L, Scott CL. Spatial proteogenomics reveals distinct and evolutionarily conserved hepatic macrophage niches. Cell 2022; 185:379-396.e38. [PMID: 35021063 PMCID: PMC8809252 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 141.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The liver is the largest solid organ in the body, yet it remains incompletely characterized. Here we present a spatial proteogenomic atlas of the healthy and obese human and murine liver combining single-cell CITE-seq, single-nuclei sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, and spatial proteomics. By integrating these multi-omic datasets, we provide validated strategies to reliably discriminate and localize all hepatic cells, including a population of lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs) at the bile ducts. We then align this atlas across seven species, revealing the conserved program of bona fide Kupffer cells and LAMs. We also uncover the respective spatially resolved cellular niches of these macrophages and the microenvironmental circuits driving their unique transcriptomic identities. We demonstrate that LAMs are induced by local lipid exposure, leading to their induction in steatotic regions of the murine and human liver, while Kupffer cell development crucially depends on their cross-talk with hepatic stellate cells via the evolutionarily conserved ALK1-BMP9/10 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Guilliams
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Belgium.
| | - Johnny Bonnardel
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Birthe Haest
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Bart Vanderborght
- Hepatology Research Unit, Department Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Liver Research Center, Ghent University, Belgium; Gut-Liver Immunopharmacology Unit, Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Liver Research Center, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Camille Wagner
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Anneleen Remmerie
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Anna Bujko
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Liesbet Martens
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Tinne Thoné
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Robin Browaeys
- Data Mining and Modelling for Biomedicine, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Federico F De Ponti
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Bavo Vanneste
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Christian Zwicker
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Freya R Svedberg
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Tineke Vanhalewyn
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Amanda Gonçalves
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Belgium; VIB BioImaging Core, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Saskia Lippens
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Belgium; VIB BioImaging Core, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Bert Devriendt
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Eric Cox
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Giuliano Ferrero
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valerie Wittamer
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; ULB Institute of Neuroscience (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; WELBIO, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Andy Willaert
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Suzanne J F Kaptein
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Molecular Vaccinology and Vaccine Discovery, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Neyts
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Molecular Vaccinology and Vaccine Discovery, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kai Dallmeier
- KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Molecular Vaccinology and Vaccine Discovery, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Geldhof
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stijn Casaert
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart Deplancke
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Oncode Institute, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Anne Hoorens
- Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Aude Vanlander
- Department of General and Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Frederik Berrevoet
- Department of General and Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Yves Van Nieuwenhove
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Yvan Saeys
- Data Mining and Modelling for Biomedicine, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wouter Saelens
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hans Van Vlierberghe
- Hepatology Research Unit, Department Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Liver Research Center, Ghent University, Belgium; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Lindsey Devisscher
- Gut-Liver Immunopharmacology Unit, Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Liver Research Center, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Charlotte L Scott
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium.
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8
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Xie J, Gorlé N, Vandendriessche C, Van Imschoot G, Van Wonterghem E, Van Cauwenberghe C, Parthoens E, Van Hamme E, Lippens S, Van Hoecke L, Vandenbroucke RE. Low-grade peripheral inflammation affects brain pathology in the App NL-G-Fmouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:163. [PMID: 34620254 PMCID: PMC8499584 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01253-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles. The last decade, it became increasingly clear that neuroinflammation plays a key role in both the initiation and progression of AD. Moreover, also the presence of peripheral inflammation has been extensively documented. However, it is still ambiguous whether this observed inflammation is cause or consequence of AD pathogenesis. Recently, this has been studied using amyloid precursor protein (APP) overexpression mouse models of AD. However, the findings might be confounded by APP-overexpression artifacts. Here, we investigated the effect of low-grade peripheral inflammation in the APP knock-in (AppNL-G-F) mouse model. This revealed that low-grade peripheral inflammation affects (1) microglia characteristics, (2) blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier integrity, (3) peripheral immune cell infiltration and (4) Aβ deposition in the brain. Next, we identified mechanisms that might cause this effect on AD pathology, more precisely Aβ efflux, persistent microglial activation and insufficient Aβ clearance, neuronal dysfunction and promotion of Aβ aggregation. Our results further strengthen the believe that even low-grade peripheral inflammation has detrimental effects on AD progression and may further reinforce the idea to modulate peripheral inflammation as a therapeutic strategy for AD.![]()
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9
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Guerin CJ, Lippens S. Correlative light and volume electron microscopy (vCLEM): How community participation can advance developing technologies. J Microsc 2021; 284:97-102. [PMID: 34476818 PMCID: PMC9291772 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Correlative light and electron microscopy is a valuable tool to image samples across resolution scales and link data on structure and function. While studies using this technique have been available since the 1960s, recent developments have enabled applying these workflows to large volumes of cells and tissues. Much of the development in this area has been facilitated through the collaborative efforts of microscopists and commercial companies to bring the methods, hardware and image processing technologies needed into laboratories and core imaging facilities. This is a prime example of how what was once a niche area can be brought into the mainstream of microscopy by the efforts of imaging pioneers who push the boundaries of possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saskia Lippens
- VIB Bio Imaging Core, VIB - Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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10
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Ornelas S, Berthiaume AA, Bonney SK, Coelho-Santos V, Underly RG, Kremer A, Guérin CJ, Lippens S, Shih AY. Three-dimensional ultrastructure of the brain pericyte-endothelial interface. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:2185-2200. [PMID: 33970018 PMCID: PMC8393306 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x211012836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Pericytes and endothelial cells share membranous interdigitations called "peg-and-socket" interactions that facilitate their adhesion and biochemical crosstalk during vascular homeostasis. However, the morphology and distribution of these ultrastructures have remained elusive. Using a combination of 3D electron microscopy techniques, we examined peg-and-socket interactions in mouse brain capillaries. We found that pegs extending from pericytes to endothelial cells were morphologically diverse, exhibiting claw-like morphologies at the edge of the cell and bouton-shaped swellings away from the edge. Reciprocal endothelial pegs projecting into pericytes were less abundant and appeared as larger columnar protuberances. A large-scale 3D EM data set revealed enrichment of both pericyte and endothelial pegs around pericyte somata. The ratio of pericyte versus endothelial pegs was conserved among the pericytes examined, but total peg abundance was heterogeneous across cells. These data show considerable investment between pericytes and endothelial cells, and provide morphological evidence for pericyte somata as sites of enriched physical and biochemical interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Ornelas
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrée-Anne Berthiaume
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Stephanie K Bonney
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Vanessa Coelho-Santos
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert G Underly
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Anna Kremer
- VIB BioImaging Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christopher J Guérin
- VIB BioImaging Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Saskia Lippens
- VIB BioImaging Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andy Y Shih
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Andy Y Shih, Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, 1900 9th Avenue M/S JMB.-5, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
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11
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Abstract
Core facilities (CFs) provide a centralised access to costly equipment, scientific expertise, experimental design, day-to-day technical support and training of users. CFs have a tremendous impact on research outputs, skills and educational agendas, increasing the competencies of staff, researchers and students. However, the rapid development of new technologies and methodologies for the life sciences requires fast adaptation and development of existing core facilities and their technical and scientific staff. Given the scarcity of well-defined CF career paths, CF staff positions are typically filled by people having followed either academic or technical tracks. Each academic institution follows different policies and often fails to adequately recognize the merits of CF personnel and to support their training efficiently. Thus, the Core Technologies for Life Science association (CTLS), through the Training working group, has conducted an anonymous online survey to assess the training needs of CF personnel, as well as to identify common characteristics and challenges in this relatively new and dynamic career type. 275 individuals, including core managers and directors, technicians, technologists and administrators, participated in the survey. The survey was divided into 2 sections; the first, applied to all respondents, and the second, specifically targeted core management issues. Training needs in technological areas, financial and soft skills, management and administrative issues were surveyed as well. The lack of clarity and consistency regarding established career paths for CF professionals was evident from the second part of the survey, highlighting geographical or cultural differences. Gender balance was achieved and the distribution was always taken into account. The results of this survey highlight a need to develop better training resources for CF staff, to improve their recognition within academic institutions, and to establish a recognized career pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Adami
- Core Facilities Coordinator, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Natalie Homer
- Mass Spectrometry Core Manager, Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Nadine Utz
- Managing Director, German BioImaging - Society for Microscopy and Image Analysis, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Saskia Lippens
- Head of VIB BioImaging Core Ghent, UGent-VIB, Gent, Belgium
| | - Joshua Z. Rappoport
- Executive Director of Research Infrastructure, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA; and
| | - Julia Fernandez-Rodriguez
- Head of the Centre for Cellular Imaging, Core facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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12
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Van Cauwenberghe C, Vandendriessche C, Kremer A, De Rycke R, Borghgraef P, Van Imschoot G, Van Wonterghem E, Lippens S, Vandenbroucke RE. Morphological alterations of the choroid plexus epithelium in Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.045752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Van Cauwenberghe
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- VIB‐UGent Center for Inflammation Research Ghent Belgium
| | - Charysse Vandendriessche
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- VIB‐UGent Center for Inflammation Research Ghent Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Griet Van Imschoot
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- VIB‐UGent Center for Inflammation Research Ghent Belgium
| | - Elien Van Wonterghem
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- VIB‐UGent Center for Inflammation Research Ghent Belgium
| | | | - Roosmarijn E Vandenbroucke
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- VIB‐UGent Center for Inflammation Research Ghent Belgium
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13
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Almeida L, Dhillon-LaBrooy A, Castro CN, Adossa N, Carriche GM, Guderian M, Lippens S, Dennerlein S, Hesse C, Lambrecht BN, Berod L, Schauser L, Blazar BR, Kalesse M, Müller R, Moita LF, Sparwasser T. Ribosome-Targeting Antibiotics Impair T Cell Effector Function and Ameliorate Autoimmunity by Blocking Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis. Immunity 2020; 54:68-83.e6. [PMID: 33238133 PMCID: PMC7837214 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
While antibiotics are intended to specifically target bacteria, most are known to affect host cell physiology. In addition, some antibiotic classes are reported as immunosuppressive for reasons that remain unclear. Here, we show that Linezolid, a ribosomal-targeting antibiotic (RAbo), effectively blocked the course of a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease. Linezolid and other RAbos were strong inhibitors of T helper-17 cell effector function in vitro, showing that this effect was independent of their antibiotic activity. Perturbing mitochondrial translation in differentiating T cells, either with RAbos or through the inhibition of mitochondrial elongation factor G1 (mEF-G1) progressively compromised the integrity of the electron transport chain. Ultimately, this led to deficient oxidative phosphorylation, diminishing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide concentrations and impairing cytokine production in differentiating T cells. In accordance, mice lacking mEF-G1 in T cells were protected from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, demonstrating that this pathway is crucial in maintaining T cell function and pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Almeida
- Institute of Infection Immunology, TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Hannover 30625, Germany; Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Ayesha Dhillon-LaBrooy
- Institute of Infection Immunology, TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Hannover 30625, Germany; Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Carla N Castro
- Institute of Infection Immunology, TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Nigatu Adossa
- QIAGEN, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark; University of Turku, Computational Biomedicine, Turku Center for Biotechnology, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Guilhermina M Carriche
- Institute of Infection Immunology, TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Hannover 30625, Germany; Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Melanie Guderian
- Institute of Infection Immunology, TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | | | - Sven Dennerlein
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center, Göttingen 37073, Germany
| | - Christina Hesse
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hannover 30625, Germany
| | | | - Luciana Berod
- Institute of Infection Immunology, TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Hannover 30625, Germany; Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Bruce R Blazar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Markus Kalesse
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany; Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Luís F Moita
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Tim Sparwasser
- Institute of Infection Immunology, TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Hannover 30625, Germany; Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz 55131, Germany.
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14
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Adami V, Homer N, Utz N, Lippens S, Rappoport JZ, Fernandez-Rodriguez J. An international survey of Training Needs and Career Paths of Core Facility Staff. J Biomol Tech 2020:jbt.2021-3201-002. [PMID: 33304201 PMCID: PMC7704034 DOI: 10.7171/jbt.2021-3201-002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Core facilities (CFs) provide a centralised access to costly equipment, scientific expertise, experimental design, day-to-day technical support and training of users. CFs have a tremendous impact on research outputs, skills and educational agendas, increasing the competencies of staff, researchers and students. However, the rapid development of new technologies and methodologies for the life sciences requires fast adaptation and development of existing core facilities and their technical and scientific staff. Given the scarcity of well-defined CF career paths, CF staff positions are typically filled by people having followed either academic or technical tracks. Each academic institution follows different policies and often fails to adequately recognize the merits of CF personnel and to support their training efficiently. Thus, the Core Technologies for Life Science association (CTLS), through the Training working group, has conducted an anonymous online survey to assess the training needs of CF personnel, as well as to identify common characteristics and challenges in this relatively new and dynamic career type. 275 individuals, including core managers and directors, technicians, technologists and administrators, participated in the survey. The survey was divided into 2 sections; the first, applied to all respondents, and the second, specifically targeted core management issues. Training needs in technological areas, financial and soft skills, management and administrative issues were surveyed as well. The lack of clarity and consistency regarding established career paths for CF professionals was evident from the second part of the survey, highlighting geographical or cultural differences. Gender balance was achieved and the distribution was always taken into account. The results of this survey highlight a need to develop better training resources for CF staff, to improve their recognition within academic institutions, and to establish a recognized career pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Adami
- Core Facilities Coordinator, Department of Cellular,
Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento,
Italy
| | - Natalie Homer
- Mass Spectrometry Core Manager, Edinburgh Clinical
Research Facility, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Nadine Utz
- Managing Director, German BioImaging - Society for
Microscopy and Image Analysis, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Saskia Lippens
- Head of VIB BioImaging Core Ghent, UGent-VIB, Gent,
Belgium
| | - Joshua Z. Rappoport
- Executive Director of Research Infrastructure, Boston
College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA; and
| | - Julia Fernandez-Rodriguez
- Head of the Centre for Cellular Imaging, Core
facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg,
Sweden
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15
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Kremer A, VAN Hamme E, Bonnardel J, Borghgraef P, GuÉrin CJ, Guilliams M, Lippens S. A workflow for 3D-CLEM investigating liver tissue. J Microsc 2020; 281:231-242. [PMID: 33034376 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) is a method used to investigate the exact same region in both light and electron microscopy (EM) in order to add ultrastructural information to a light microscopic (usually fluorescent) signal. Workflows combining optical or fluorescent data with electron microscopic images are complex, hence there is a need to communicate detailed protocols and share tips & tricks for successful application of these methods. With the development of volume-EM techniques such as serial blockface scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM) and Focussed Ion Beam-SEM, correlation in three dimensions has become more efficient. Volume electron microscopy allows automated acquisition of serial section imaging data that can be reconstructed in three dimensions (3D) to provide a detailed, geometrically accurate view of cellular ultrastructure. In addition, combining volume-EM with high-resolution light microscopy (LM) techniques decreases the resolution gap between LM and EM, making retracing of a region of interest and eventual overlays more straightforward. Here, we present a workflow for 3D CLEM on mouse liver, combining high-resolution confocal microscopy with SBF-SEM. In this workflow, we have made use of two types of landmarks: (1) near infrared laser branding marks to find back the region imaged in LM in the electron microscope and (2) landmarks present in the tissue but independent of the cell or structure of interest to make overlay images of LM and EM data. Using this approach, we were able to make accurate 3D-CLEM overlays of liver tissue and correlate the fluorescent signal to the ultrastructural detail provided by the electron microscope. This workflow can be adapted for other dense cellular tissues and thus act as a guide for other three-dimensional correlative studies. LAY DESCRIPTION: As cells and tissues exist in three dimensions, microscopy techniques have been developed to image samples, in 3D, at the highest possible detail. In light microscopy, fluorescent probes are used to identify specific proteins or structures either in live samples, (providing dynamic information), or in fixed slices of tissue. A disadvantage of fluorescence microscopy is that only the labeled proteins/structures are visible, while their cellular context remains hidden. Electron microscopy is able to image biological samples at high resolution and has the advantage that all structures in the tissue are visible at nanometer (10-9 m) resolution. Disadvantages of this technique are that it is more difficult to label a single structure and that the samples must be imaged under high vacuum, so biological samples need to be fixed and embedded in a plastic resin to stay as close to their natural state as possible inside the microscope. Correlative Light and Electron Microscopy aims to combine the advantages of both light and electron microscopy on the same sample. This results in datasets where fluorescent labels can be combined with the high-resolution contextual information provided by the electron microscope. In this study we present a workflow to guide a tissue sample from the light microscope to the electron microscope and image the ultra-structure of a specific cell type in the liver. In particular we focus on the incorporation of fiducial markers during the sample preparation to help navigate through the tissue in 3D in both microscopes. One sample is followed throughout the workflow to visualize the important steps in the process, showing the final result; a dataset combining fluorescent labels with ultra-structural detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kremer
- VIB BioImaging Core, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - E VAN Hamme
- VIB BioImaging Core, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - J Bonnardel
- VIB BioImaging Core, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - P Borghgraef
- VIB BioImaging Core, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - C J GuÉrin
- VIB BioImaging Core, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - M Guilliams
- VIB BioImaging Core, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - S Lippens
- VIB BioImaging Core, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
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16
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Remmerie A, Martens L, Thoné T, Castoldi A, Seurinck R, Pavie B, Roels J, Vanneste B, De Prijck S, Vanhockerhout M, Binte Abdul Latib M, Devisscher L, Hoorens A, Bonnardel J, Vandamme N, Kremer A, Borghgraef P, Van Vlierberghe H, Lippens S, Pearce E, Saeys Y, Scott CL. Osteopontin Expression Identifies a Subset of Recruited Macrophages Distinct from Kupffer Cells in the Fatty Liver. Immunity 2020; 53:641-657.e14. [PMID: 32888418 PMCID: PMC7501731 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) represents a spectrum of disease states ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Hepatic macrophages, specifically Kupffer cells (KCs), are suggested to play important roles in the pathogenesis of MAFLD through their activation, although the exact roles played by these cells remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that KCs were reduced in MAFLD being replaced by macrophages originating from the bone marrow. Recruited macrophages existed in two subsets with distinct activation states, either closely resembling homeostatic KCs or lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs) from obese adipose tissue. Hepatic LAMs expressed Osteopontin, a biomarker for patients with NASH, linked with the development of fibrosis. Fitting with this, LAMs were found in regions of the liver with reduced numbers of KCs, characterized by increased Desmin expression. Together, our data highlight considerable heterogeneity within the macrophage pool and suggest a need for more specific macrophage targeting strategies in MAFLD. Resident KCs are lost with time in MAFLD Resident KCs are replaced by distinct subsets of bone marrow derived macrophages One subset of recruited macrophages termed hepatic LAMs, express Osteopontin Hepatic LAMs are found in zones characterized by increased Desmin expression
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneleen Remmerie
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Liesbet Martens
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Tinne Thoné
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Angela Castoldi
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ruth Seurinck
- Data Mining and Modelling for Biomedicine, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Pavie
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB BioImaging Core, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Joris Roels
- Data Mining and Modelling for Biomedicine, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bavo Vanneste
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Sofie De Prijck
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Mathias Vanhockerhout
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Mushida Binte Abdul Latib
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Lindsey Devisscher
- Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Anne Hoorens
- Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Johnny Bonnardel
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Niels Vandamme
- Data Mining and Modelling for Biomedicine, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anna Kremer
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB BioImaging Core, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Peter Borghgraef
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB BioImaging Core, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Hans Van Vlierberghe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Saskia Lippens
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB BioImaging Core, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Edward Pearce
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany; University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yvan Saeys
- Data Mining and Modelling for Biomedicine, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte L Scott
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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17
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Liu J, Hebbrecht T, Brans T, Parthoens E, Lippens S, Li C, De Keersmaecker H, De Vos WH, De Smedt SC, Boukherroub R, Gettemans J, Xiong R, Braeckmans K. Long-term live-cell microscopy with labeled nanobodies delivered by laser-induced photoporation. Nano Res 2020; 13:485-495. [PMID: 33154805 PMCID: PMC7116313 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-020-2633-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence microscopy is the method of choice for studying intracellular dynamics. However, its success depends on the availability of specific and stable markers. A prominent example of markers that are rapidly gaining interest are nanobodies (Nbs, ~ 15 kDa), which can be functionalized with bright and photostable organic fluorophores. Due to their relatively small size and high specificity, Nbs offer great potential for high-quality long-term subcellular imaging, but suffer from the fact that they cannot spontaneously cross the plasma membrane of live cells. We have recently discovered that laser-induced photoporation is well suited to deliver extrinsic labels to living cells without compromising their viability. Being a laser-based technology, it is readily compatible with light microscopy and the typical cell recipients used for that. Spurred by these promising initial results, we demonstrate here for the first time successful long-term imaging of specific subcellular structures with labeled nanobodies in living cells. We illustrate this using Nbs that target GFP/YFP-protein constructs accessible in the cytoplasm, actin-bundling protein Fascin, and the histone H2A/H2B heterodimers. With an efficiency of more than 80% labeled cells and minimal toxicity (~ 2%), photoporation proved to be an excellent intracellular delivery method for Nbs. Time-lapse microscopy revealed that cell division rate and migration remained unaffected, confirming excellent cell viability and functionality. We conclude that laser-induced photoporation labeled Nbs can be easily delivered into living cells, laying the foundation for further development of a broad range of Nbs with intracellular targets as a toolbox for long-term live-cell microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Tim Hebbrecht
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Toon Brans
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Eef Parthoens
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
- VIB Bioimaging Core Ghent, VIB, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Saskia Lippens
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
- VIB Bioimaging Core Ghent, VIB, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Chengnan Li
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ISEN, Univ. Valenciennes, UMR 8520-IEMN, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Herlinde De Keersmaecker
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
- Centre for Advanced Light Microscopy, Ghent University, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Winnok H De Vos
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stefaan C De Smedt
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
- Centre for Advanced Light Microscopy, Ghent University, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Rabah Boukherroub
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ISEN, Univ. Valenciennes, UMR 8520-IEMN, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Jan Gettemans
- Department of Biomolecular medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Ranhua Xiong
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Kevin Braeckmans
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
- Centre for Advanced Light Microscopy, Ghent University, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
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18
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Abstract
Core facilities offer visiting scientists access to equipment and expertise to generate and analyze data. For some projects, it might however be more efficient to collaborate remotely by sending in samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Saskia Lippens
- VIB Bio Imaging Core and VIB‐UGent Center for Inflammation ResearchGhentBelgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular BiologyGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | | | - Sebastian Munck
- VIB Bio Imaging Core and VIB‐KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease ResearchLeuvenBelgium
- Department for NeuroscienceKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
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19
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Vanslembrouck B, Kremer A, VAN Roy F, Lippens S, VAN Hengel J. Unravelling the ultrastructural details of αT-catenin-deficient cell-cell contacts between heart muscle cells by the use of FIB-SEM. J Microsc 2019; 279:189-196. [PMID: 31828778 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The intercalated disc is an important structure in cardiomyocytes, as it is essential to maintain correct contraction and proper functioning of the heart. Adhesion and communication between cardiomyocytes are mediated by three main types of intercellular junctions, all residing in the intercalated disc: gap junctions, desmosomes and the areae compositae. Mutations in genes that encode junctional proteins, including αT-catenin (encoded by CTNNA3), have been linked to arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy and sudden cardiac death. In mice, the loss of αT-catenin in cardiomyocytes leads to impaired heart function, fibrosis, changed expression of desmosomal proteins and increased risk for arrhythmias following ischemia-reperfusion. Currently, it is unclear how the intercalated disc and the intercellular junctions are organised in 3D in the hearts of this αT-catenin knockout (KO) mouse model. In order to scrutinise this, ventricular cardiac tissue of αT-catenin KO mice was used for volume electron microscopy (VEM), making use of Focused Ion Beam Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB-SEM), allowing a careful 3D reconstruction of the intercalated disc, including gap junctions and desmosomes. Although αT-catenin KO and control mice display a comparable organisation of the sarcomere and the different intercalated disc regions, the folds of the plicae region of the intercalated disc are longer and more narrow in the KO heart, and the pale region between the sarcomere and the intercalated disc is larger. In addition, αT-catenin KO intercalated discs appear to have smaller gap junctions and desmosomes in the plicae region, while gap junctions are larger in the interplicae region of the intercalated disc. Although the reason for this remodelling of the ultrastructure after αT-catenin deletion remains unclear, the excellent resolution of the FIB-SEM technology allows us to reconstruct details that were not reported before. LAY DESCRIPTION: Cardiomyocytes are cells that make up the heart muscle. As the chief cell type of the heart, cardiomyocytes are primarily involved in the contractile function of the heart that enables the pumping of blood around the body. Cardiac muscle cells are connected to each other at their short end by numerous intercellular junctions forming together a structure called the intercalated disc. These intercellular junctions comprise specific protein complexes, which are crucial for both intercellular adhesion and correct contraction of the heart. Imaging by conventional electron microscopy (EM) revealed a heavily folded intercalated disc with apparently random organization of the intercellular junctions. However, this conclusion was based on analysis in two dimensions (2D). 3D information of these structures is needed to unravel their true organization and function. In the present study, we used a more contemporary technique, called volume EM, to image and reconstruct the intercalated discs in 3D. By this approach, EM images are made from a whole block of tissue what differs significantly from classical EM methods that uses only one very thin slice for imaging. Further, we analyzed in comparison to normal mice also a mouse model for cardiomyopathy in which a specific protein of the cardiac intercellular junctions, αT-catenin, is absent. Volume EM revealed that in the hearts of these mice with cardiomyopathy, the finger-like folds of the intercalated disc are longer and thinner compared to control hearts. Also the intercellular junctions on the folded parts of the intercalated disc are smaller and their connection to the striated cytoskeleton seems further away. In conclusion, our volume EM study has expanded our understanding of 3D structures at the intercalated discs and will pave the way for more detailed models of disturbed cell-cell contacts associated with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Vanslembrouck
- Medical Cell Biology Research Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Kremer
- VIB BioImaging Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - F VAN Roy
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - S Lippens
- VIB BioImaging Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - J VAN Hengel
- Medical Cell Biology Research Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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20
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Bonnardel J, T'Jonck W, Gaublomme D, Browaeys R, Scott CL, Martens L, Vanneste B, De Prijck S, Nedospasov SA, Kremer A, Van Hamme E, Borghgraef P, Toussaint W, De Bleser P, Mannaerts I, Beschin A, van Grunsven LA, Lambrecht BN, Taghon T, Lippens S, Elewaut D, Saeys Y, Guilliams M. Stellate Cells, Hepatocytes, and Endothelial Cells Imprint the Kupffer Cell Identity on Monocytes Colonizing the Liver Macrophage Niche. Immunity 2019; 51:638-654.e9. [PMID: 31561945 PMCID: PMC6876284 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are strongly adapted to their tissue of residence. Yet, little is known about the cell-cell interactions that imprint the tissue-specific identities of macrophages in their respective niches. Using conditional depletion of liver Kupffer cells, we traced the developmental stages of monocytes differentiating into Kupffer cells and mapped the cellular interactions imprinting the Kupffer cell identity. Kupffer cell loss induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- and interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor-dependent activation of stellate cells and endothelial cells, resulting in the transient production of chemokines and adhesion molecules orchestrating monocyte engraftment. Engrafted circulating monocytes transmigrated into the perisinusoidal space and acquired the liver-associated transcription factors inhibitor of DNA 3 (ID3) and liver X receptor-α (LXR-α). Coordinated interactions with hepatocytes induced ID3 expression, whereas endothelial cells and stellate cells induced LXR-α via a synergistic NOTCH-BMP pathway. This study shows that the Kupffer cell niche is composed of stellate cells, hepatocytes, and endothelial cells that together imprint the liver-specific macrophage identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny Bonnardel
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Ontogeny and Functional Specialization, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Wouter T'Jonck
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Ontogeny and Functional Specialization, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Djoere Gaublomme
- Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Robin Browaeys
- Data Mining and Modeling for Biomedicine, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte L Scott
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Ontogeny and Functional Specialization, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Liesbet Martens
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Data Mining and Modeling for Biomedicine, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bavo Vanneste
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Ontogeny and Functional Specialization, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie De Prijck
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Ontogeny and Functional Specialization, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sergei A Nedospasov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Kremer
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB BioImaging Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evelien Van Hamme
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB BioImaging Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Borghgraef
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB BioImaging Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wendy Toussaint
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology and Immunoregulation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter De Bleser
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Data Mining and Modeling for Biomedicine, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Inge Mannaerts
- Liver Cell Biology Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alain Beschin
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Leo A van Grunsven
- Liver Cell Biology Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology and Immunoregulation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Taghon
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Saskia Lippens
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB BioImaging Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dirk Elewaut
- Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yvan Saeys
- Data Mining and Modeling for Biomedicine, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martin Guilliams
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Ontogeny and Functional Specialization, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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21
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Abstract
This protocol allows for the efficient and effective imaging of cell or tissue samples in three dimensions at the resolution level of electron microscopy. For many years electron microscopy (EM) has remained an inherently two-dimensional technique. With the advent of serial scanning electron microscope imaging techniques (volume EM), using either an integrated microtome or focused ion beam to slice then view embedded tissues, the third dimension becomes easily accessible. Serial block face scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM) uses an ultramicrotome enclosed in the SEM chamber. It has the capability to handle large specimens (1,000 µm x 1,000 µm) and image large fields of view at small X,Y pixel size, but is limited in the Z dimension by the diamond knife. Focused ion beam SEM (FIB-SEM) is not limited in 3D resolution, (isotropic voxels of ≤5 nm are achievable), but the field of view is much more limited. This protocol demonstrates a workflow for combining the two techniques to allow for finding individual regions of interest (ROIs) in a large field and then imaging the subsequent targeted volume at high isotropic voxel resolution. Preparing fixed cells or tissues is more demanding for volume EM techniques due to the extra contrasting needed for efficient signal generation in SEM imaging. Such protocols are time consuming and labor intensive. This protocol also incorporates microwave assisted tissue processing facilitating the penetration of reagents, which reduces the time needed for the processing protocol from days to hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Guérin
- VIB Bio Imaging Core; VIB Inflammation Research Center; Department of Molecular Biomedical Research, UGent
| | - Anna Kremer
- VIB Bio Imaging Core; VIB Inflammation Research Center; Department of Molecular Biomedical Research, UGent
| | - Peter Borghgraef
- VIB Bio Imaging Core; VIB Inflammation Research Center; Department of Molecular Biomedical Research, UGent
| | - Saskia Lippens
- VIB Bio Imaging Core; VIB Inflammation Research Center; Department of Molecular Biomedical Research, UGent;
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22
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Abstract
There are different technologies that can be used to obtain a 3D image at nanometer resolution. Over the past decade, there has been a growing interest in applying Serial Block Face Scanning Electron Microscopy (SBF-SEM) in different fields of life science research. This technology has the advantage that it can cover a range of volumes, going from monolayers to multiple tissue layers in all three dimensions. SBF-SEM was originally used in neuroscience and then expanded to other research domains. The whole process of sample preparation for SBF-SEM is very long and consists of many steps, which makes adjustment of a given workflow very challenging. Here we describe the SBF-SEM workflow and those steps in the process that can be tweaked for any sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Lippens
- VIB BioImaging Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Anna Kremer
- VIB BioImaging Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Borghgraef
- VIB BioImaging Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christopher J Guérin
- VIB BioImaging Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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23
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Lippens S, D'Enfert C, Farkas L, Kehres A, Korn B, Morales M, Pepperkok R, Premvardhan L, Schlapbach R, Tiran A, Meder D, Van Minnebruggen G. One step ahead: Innovation in core facilities. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:embr.201948017. [PMID: 30872318 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Lippens
- BioImaging Core and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christophe D'Enfert
- Direction de la Technologie et des Programmes Scientifiques, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Lilla Farkas
- MPI-CBG, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna Kehres
- Direction de la Technologie et des Programmes Scientifiques, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Bernhard Korn
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Rainer Pepperkok
- EMBL, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Ralph Schlapbach
- FGCZ, Functional Genomics Center Zurich of ETH Zurich/University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Tiran
- VBCF, Vienna Biocenter Core Facilities, Vienna, Austria
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24
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Steeland S, Gorlé N, Vandendriessche C, Balusu S, Brkic M, Van Cauwenberghe C, Van Imschoot G, Van Wonterghem E, De Rycke R, Kremer A, Lippens S, Stopa E, Johanson CE, Libert C, Vandenbroucke RE. Counteracting the effects of TNF receptor-1 has therapeutic potential in Alzheimer's disease. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 10:emmm.201708300. [PMID: 29472246 PMCID: PMC5887909 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201708300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, and neuroinflammation is an important hallmark of the pathogenesis. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) might be detrimental in AD, though the results coming from clinical trials on anti‐TNF inhibitors are inconclusive. TNFR1, one of the TNF signaling receptors, contributes to the pathogenesis of AD by mediating neuronal cell death. The blood–cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier consists of a monolayer of choroid plexus epithelial (CPE) cells, and AD is associated with changes in CPE cell morphology. Here, we report that TNF is the main inflammatory upstream mediator in choroid plexus tissue in AD patients. This was confirmed in two murine AD models: transgenic APP/PS1 mice and intracerebroventricular (icv) AβO injection. TNFR1 contributes to the morphological damage of CPE cells in AD, and TNFR1 abrogation reduces brain inflammation and prevents blood–CSF barrier impairment. In APP/PS1 transgenic mice, TNFR1 deficiency ameliorated amyloidosis. Ultimately, genetic and pharmacological blockage of TNFR1 rescued from the induced cognitive impairments. Our data indicate that TNFR1 is a promising therapeutic target for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Steeland
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nina Gorlé
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charysse Vandendriessche
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sriram Balusu
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marjana Brkic
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Caroline Van Cauwenberghe
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Griet Van Imschoot
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elien Van Wonterghem
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Riet De Rycke
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anneke Kremer
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB BioImaging Core, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Saskia Lippens
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB BioImaging Core, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Edward Stopa
- Department of Pathology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Conrad E Johanson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Claude Libert
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roosmarijn E Vandenbroucke
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium .,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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25
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Plantamura E, Dzutsev A, Chamaillard M, Djebali S, Moudombi L, Boucinha L, Grau M, Macari C, Bauché D, Dumitrescu O, Rasigade JP, Lippens S, Plateroti M, Kress E, Cesaro A, Bondu C, Rothermel U, Heikenwälder M, Lina G, Bentaher-Belaaouaj A, Marie JC, Caux C, Trinchieri G, Marvel J, Michallet MC. MAVS deficiency induces gut dysbiotic microbiota conferring a proallergic phenotype. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:10404-10409. [PMID: 30249647 PMCID: PMC6187193 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1722372115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prominent changes in the gut microbiota (referred to as "dysbiosis") play a key role in the development of allergic disorders, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Study of the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response in mice contributed to our knowledge of the pathophysiology of human allergic contact dermatitis. Here we report a negative regulatory role of the RIG-I-like receptor adaptor mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) on DTH by modulating gut bacterial ecology. Cohousing and fecal transplantation experiments revealed that the dysbiotic microbiota of Mavs-/- mice conferred a proallergic phenotype that is communicable to wild-type mice. DTH sensitization coincided with increased intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation within lymphoid organs that enhanced DTH severity. Collectively, we unveiled an unexpected impact of RIG-I-like signaling on the gut microbiota with consequences on allergic skin disease outcome. Primarily, these data indicate that manipulating the gut microbiota may help in the development of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of human allergic skin pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Plantamura
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Amiran Dzutsev
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Mathias Chamaillard
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, INSERM U1019, F-59000 Lille, France
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
- UMR 8204, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, F-59000 Lille, France
- U1019, Team 7, Equipe Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Sophia Djebali
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Lyvia Moudombi
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Lilia Boucinha
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Morgan Grau
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Claire Macari
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - David Bauché
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, 69008 Lyon, France
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
- Transforming Growth Factor-b and Immune-Evasion Group, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oana Dumitrescu
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Rasigade
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
| | - Saskia Lippens
- Inflammation Research Center, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michelina Plateroti
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, 69008 Lyon, France
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Elsa Kress
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, 69008 Lyon, France
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Annabelle Cesaro
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, INSERM U1019, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Clovis Bondu
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, INSERM U1019, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Ulrike Rothermel
- Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mathias Heikenwälder
- Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerard Lina
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
| | - Azzak Bentaher-Belaaouaj
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Julien C Marie
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, 69008 Lyon, France
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
- Transforming Growth Factor-b and Immune-Evasion Group, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christophe Caux
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, 69008 Lyon, France
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Giorgio Trinchieri
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Jacqueline Marvel
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Marie-Cecile Michallet
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France;
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26
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Roels J, Aelterman J, Luong HQ, Lippens S, Pižurica A, Saeys Y, Philips W. An overview of state-of-the-art image restoration in electron microscopy. J Microsc 2018; 271:239-254. [PMID: 29882967 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In Life Science research, electron microscopy (EM) is an essential tool for morphological analysis at the subcellular level as it allows for visualization at nanometer resolution. However, electron micrographs contain image degradations such as noise and blur caused by electromagnetic interference, electron counting errors, magnetic lens imperfections, electron diffraction, etc. These imperfections in raw image quality are inevitable and hamper subsequent image analysis and visualization. In an effort to mitigate these artefacts, many electron microscopy image restoration algorithms have been proposed in the last years. Most of these methods rely on generic assumptions on the image or degradations and are therefore outperformed by advanced methods that are based on more accurate models. Ideally, a method will accurately model the specific degradations that fit the physical acquisition settings. In this overview paper, we discuss different electron microscopy image degradation solutions and demonstrate that dedicated artefact regularisation results in higher quality restoration and is applicable through recently developed probabilistic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Roels
- Department of Telecommunications and Information Processing, Ghent University/IMEC, Ghent, Belgium.,Center for Inflammation Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - J Aelterman
- Department of Telecommunications and Information Processing, Ghent University/IMEC, Ghent, Belgium
| | - H Q Luong
- Department of Telecommunications and Information Processing, Ghent University/IMEC, Ghent, Belgium
| | - S Lippens
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Center for Inflammation Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium.,Bio Imaging Core, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Pižurica
- Department of Telecommunications and Information Processing, Ghent University/IMEC, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Y Saeys
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Center for Inflammation Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - W Philips
- Department of Telecommunications and Information Processing, Ghent University/IMEC, Ghent, Belgium
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27
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Voet S, Mc Guire C, Hagemeyer N, Martens A, Schroeder A, Wieghofer P, Daems C, Staszewski O, Vande Walle L, Jordao MJC, Sze M, Vikkula HK, Demeestere D, Van Imschoot G, Scott CL, Hoste E, Gonçalves A, Guilliams M, Lippens S, Libert C, Vandenbroucke RE, Kim KW, Jung S, Callaerts-Vegh Z, Callaerts P, de Wit J, Lamkanfi M, Prinz M, van Loo G. A20 critically controls microglia activation and inhibits inflammasome-dependent neuroinflammation. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2036. [PMID: 29789522 PMCID: PMC5964249 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04376-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia, the mononuclear phagocytes of the central nervous system (CNS), are important for the maintenance of CNS homeostasis, but also critically contribute to CNS pathology. Here we demonstrate that the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) regulatory protein A20 is crucial in regulating microglia activation during CNS homeostasis and pathology. In mice, deletion of A20 in microglia increases microglial cell number and affects microglial regulation of neuronal synaptic function. Administration of a sublethal dose of lipopolysaccharide induces massive microglia activation, neuroinflammation, and lethality in mice with microglia-confined A20 deficiency. Microglia A20 deficiency also exacerbates multiple sclerosis (MS)-like disease, due to hyperactivation of the Nlrp3 inflammasome leading to enhanced interleukin-1β secretion and CNS inflammation. Finally, we confirm a Nlrp3 inflammasome signature and IL-1β expression in brain and cerebrospinal fluid from MS patients. Collectively, these data reveal a critical role for A20 in the control of microglia activation and neuroinflammation. As resident macrophages of the brain, microglia are important for neuroinflammatory responses. This work shows that nuclear factor kappa B regulatory protein A20 is important for microglia activation and regulation during inflammation of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Voet
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Conor Mc Guire
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nora Hagemeyer
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Arne Martens
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anna Schroeder
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Wieghofer
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79106, Freiburg, Germany.,Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, D-04103, Germany
| | - Carmen Daems
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ori Staszewski
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lieselotte Vande Walle
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marta Joana Costa Jordao
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mozes Sze
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hanna-Kaisa Vikkula
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Delphine Demeestere
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Griet Van Imschoot
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte L Scott
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Esther Hoste
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Amanda Gonçalves
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Bio-Imaging Core, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martin Guilliams
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Saskia Lippens
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Bio-Imaging Core, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claude Libert
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roos E Vandenbroucke
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ki-Wook Kim
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, I-76100, Rehovot, Israel.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Steffen Jung
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, I-76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | | | - Joris de Wit
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Lamkanfi
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79106, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, D79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Geert van Loo
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium. .,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.
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28
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Vanslembrouck B, Kremer A, Pavie B, van Roy F, Lippens S, van Hengel J. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the intercalated disc including the intercellular junctions by applying volume scanning electron microscopy. Histochem Cell Biol 2018; 149:479-490. [PMID: 29508067 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-018-1657-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The intercalated disc (ID) contains different kinds of intercellular junctions: gap junctions (GJs), desmosomes and areae compositae, essential for adhesion and communication between adjacent cardiomyocytes. The junctions can be identified based on their morphology when imaged using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), however, only with very limited information in the z-dimension. The application of volume EM techniques can give insight into the three-dimensional (3-D) organization of complex biological structures. In this study, we generated 3-D datasets using serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM) and focused ion beam SEM (FIB-SEM), the latter resulting in datasets with 5 nm isotropic voxels. We visualized cardiomyocytes in murine ventricular heart tissue and, for the first time, we could three-dimensionally reconstruct the ID including desmosomes and GJs with 5 nm precision in a large volume. Results show in three dimensions a highly folded structure of the ID, with the presence of GJs and desmosomes in both plicae and interplicae regions. We observed close contact of GJs with mitochondria and a variable spatial distribution of the junctions. Based on measurements of the shape of the intercellular junctions in 3-D, it is seen that GJs and desmosomes vary in size, depending on the region within the ID. This demonstrates that volume EM is essential to visualize morphological changes and its potential to quantitatively determine structural changes between normal and pathological conditions, e.g., cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bieke Vanslembrouck
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Building B, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anna Kremer
- VIB BioImaging Core, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Frans van Roy
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Saskia Lippens
- VIB BioImaging Core, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolanda van Hengel
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Building B, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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29
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Urwyler-Rösselet C, Tanghe G, Leurs K, Gilbert B, De Rycke R, De Bruyne M, Lippens S, Bartunkova S, De Groote P, Niessen C, Haftek M, Vandenabeele P, Declercq W. Keratinocyte-Specific Ablation of RIPK4 Allows Epidermal Cornification but Impairs Skin Barrier Formation. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:1268-1278. [PMID: 29317263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In humans, receptor-interacting protein kinase 4 (RIPK4) mutations can lead to the autosomal recessive Bartsocas-Papas and popliteal pterygium syndromes, which are characterized by severe skin defects, pterygia, as well as clefting. We show here that the epithelial fusions observed in RIPK4 full knockout (KO) mice are E-cadherin dependent, as keratinocyte-specific deletion of E-cadherin in RIPK4 full KO mice rescued the tail-to-body fusion and fusion of oral epithelia. To elucidate RIPK4 function in epidermal differentiation and development, we generated epidermis-specific RIPK4 KO mice (RIPK4EKO). In contrast to RIPK4 full KO epidermis, RIPK4EKO epidermis was normally stratified and the outside-in skin barrier in RIPK4EKO mice was largely intact at the trunk, in contrast to the skin covering the head and the outer end of the extremities. However, RIPK4EKO mice die shortly after birth due to excessive water loss because of loss of tight junction protein claudin-1 localization at the cell membrane, which results in tight junction leakiness. In contrast, mice with keratinocyte-specific RIPK4 deletion during adult life remain viable. Furthermore, our data indicate that epidermis-specific deletion of RIPK4 results in delayed keratinization and stratum corneum maturation and altered lipid organization and is thus indispensable during embryonic development for the formation of a functional inside-out epidermal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Urwyler-Rösselet
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Inflammation Research Center (IRC), VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Current affiliation: Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giel Tanghe
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Inflammation Research Center (IRC), VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kirsten Leurs
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Inflammation Research Center (IRC), VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Barbara Gilbert
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Inflammation Research Center (IRC), VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Riet De Rycke
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Bio Imaging Core, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michiel De Bruyne
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Bio Imaging Core, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Saskia Lippens
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Bio Imaging Core, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sonia Bartunkova
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Bio Imaging Core, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Philippe De Groote
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Inflammation Research Center (IRC), VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Carien Niessen
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marek Haftek
- LBTI, UMR5305 CNRS, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Peter Vandenabeele
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Inflammation Research Center (IRC), VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Declercq
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Inflammation Research Center (IRC), VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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30
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Liu J, Xiong R, Brans T, Lippens S, Parthoens E, Zanacchi FC, Magrassi R, Singh SK, Kurungot S, Szunerits S, Bové H, Ameloot M, Fraire JC, Teirlinck E, Samal SK, Rycke RD, Houthaeve G, De Smedt SC, Boukherroub R, Braeckmans K. Repeated photoporation with graphene quantum dots enables homogeneous labeling of live cells with extrinsic markers for fluorescence microscopy. Light Sci Appl 2018; 7:47. [PMID: 30839577 PMCID: PMC6106998 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-018-0048-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In the replacement of genetic probes, there is increasing interest in labeling living cells with high-quality extrinsic labels, which avoid over-expression artifacts and are available in a wide spectral range. This calls for a broadly applicable technology that can deliver such labels unambiguously to the cytosol of living cells. Here, we demonstrate that nanoparticle-sensitized photoporation can be used to this end as an emerging intracellular delivery technique. We replace the traditionally used gold nanoparticles with graphene nanoparticles as photothermal sensitizers to permeabilize the cell membrane upon laser irradiation. We demonstrate that the enhanced thermal stability of graphene quantum dots allows the formation of multiple vapor nanobubbles upon irradiation with short laser pulses, allowing the delivery of a variety of extrinsic cell labels efficiently and homogeneously into live cells. We demonstrate high-quality time-lapse imaging with confocal, total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF), and Airyscan super-resolution microscopy. As the entire procedure is readily compatible with fluorescence (super resolution) microscopy, photoporation with graphene quantum dots has the potential to become the long-awaited generic platform for controlled intracellular delivery of fluorescent labels for live-cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
| | - Ranhua Xiong
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
| | - Toon Brans
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
| | - Saskia Lippens
- VIB-UGent Centre for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
- VIB Bioimaging Core, VIB, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
| | - Eef Parthoens
- VIB-UGent Centre for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
- VIB Bioimaging Core, VIB, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
| | | | - Raffaella Magrassi
- Nanophysics (NAPH), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, 16163 Italy
- Biophysics Institute (IBF), National Research Council (CNR), Via De Marini, 6-16149–GE Genova, Italy
| | - Santosh K. Singh
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 RafiMarg, New Delhi, 110 001 India
| | - Sreekumar Kurungot
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 RafiMarg, New Delhi, 110 001 India
| | - Sabine Szunerits
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ISEN, Univ. Valenciennes, UMR 8520-IEMN, Lille, F-59000 France
| | - Hannelore Bové
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building C, Diepenbeek, 3590 Belgium
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001 Belgium
| | - Marcel Ameloot
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building C, Diepenbeek, 3590 Belgium
| | - Juan C. Fraire
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
| | - Eline Teirlinck
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
| | - Sangram Keshari Samal
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
| | - Riet De Rycke
- Inflammation Research Center, Image Core Facility, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Gaëlle Houthaeve
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
- Univ Lille 1, Univ Lille Nord France, Lab Phys Lasers Atomes & Mol, Villeneuve Dascq, UMR 8523, 59655 France
| | - Stefaan C. De Smedt
- College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Rabah Boukherroub
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ISEN, Univ. Valenciennes, UMR 8520-IEMN, Lille, F-59000 France
| | - Kevin Braeckmans
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
- UMR 8523, Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
- IEMN, UMR 8520, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
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Xiong R, Joris F, Liang S, De Rycke R, Lippens S, Demeester J, Skirtach A, Raemdonck K, Himmelreich U, De Smedt SC, Braeckmans K. Cytosolic Delivery of Nanolabels Prevents Their Asymmetric Inheritance and Enables Extended Quantitative in Vivo Cell Imaging. Nano Lett 2016; 16:5975-5986. [PMID: 27684962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Long-term in vivo imaging of cells is crucial for the understanding of cellular fate in biological processes in cancer research, immunology, or in cell-based therapies such as beta cell transplantation in type I diabetes or stem cell therapy. Traditionally, cell labeling with the desired contrast agent occurs ex vivo via spontaneous endocytosis, which is a variable and slow process that requires optimization for each particular label-cell type combination. Following endocytic uptake, the contrast agents mostly remain entrapped in the endolysosomal compartment, which leads to signal instability, cytotoxicity, and asymmetric inheritance of the labels upon cell division. Here, we demonstrate that these disadvantages can be circumvented by delivering contrast agents directly into the cytoplasm via vapor nanobubble photoporation. Compared to classic endocytic uptake, photoporation resulted in 50 and 3 times higher loading of fluorescent dextrans and quantum dots, respectively, with improved signal stability and reduced cytotoxicity. Most interestingly, cytosolic delivery by photoporation prevented asymmetric inheritance of labels by daughter cells over subsequent cell generations. Instead, unequal inheritance of endocytosed labels resulted in a dramatic increase in polydispersity of the amount of labels per cell with each cell division, hindering accurate quantification of cell numbers in vivo over time. The combined benefits of cell labeling by photoporation resulted in a marked improvement in long-term cell visibility in vivo where an insulin producing cell line (INS-1E cell line) labeled with fluorescent dextrans could be tracked for up to two months in Swiss nude mice compared to 2 weeks for cells labeled by endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranhua Xiong
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University , 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University , 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Freya Joris
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University , 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sayuan Liang
- Biomedical NMR Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Riet De Rycke
- Inflammation Research Center, Image Core Facility, VIB , 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University , 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Saskia Lippens
- Inflammation Research Center, Image Core Facility, VIB , 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University , 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jo Demeester
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University , 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andre Skirtach
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University , 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Koen Raemdonck
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University , 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Uwe Himmelreich
- Biomedical NMR Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefaan C De Smedt
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University , 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kevin Braeckmans
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University , 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University , 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Univ Lille 1, Univ Lille Nord France, IEMN, UMR 8520, 59652 Villeneuve Dascq, France
- Univ Lille 1, Univ Lille Nord France, Lab Phys Lasers Atomes & Mol, UMR 8523, 59655 Villeneuve Dascq, France
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Devos M, Gilbert B, Denecker G, Leurs K, Mc Guire C, Lemeire K, Hochepied T, Vuylsteke M, Lambert J, Van Den Broecke C, Libbrecht L, Haigh J, Berx G, Lippens S, Vandenabeele P, Declercq W. Elevated ΔNp63α Levels Facilitate Epidermal and Biliary Oncogenic Transformation. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 137:494-505. [PMID: 27725202 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Unlike its family member p53, TP63 is rarely mutated in human cancer. However, ΔNp63α protein levels are often elevated in tumors of epithelial origin, such as squamous cell carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. To study the oncogenic properties of ΔNp63α in vivo, we generated transgenic mice overexpressing ΔNp63α from the Rosa26 locus promoter controlled by keratin 5-Cre. We found that these mice spontaneously develop epidermal cysts and ectopic ΔNp63α expression in the bile duct epithelium that leads to dilatation of the intrahepatic biliary ducts, to hepatic cyst formation and bile duct adenoma. Moreover, when subjected to models of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-based carcinogenesis, tumor initiation was increased in ΔNp63α transgenic mice in a gene dosage-dependent manner although ΔNp63α overexpression did not alter the sensitivity to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced cytotoxicity in vivo. However, keratinocytes isolated from ΔNp63α transgenic mice displayed increased survival and delayed cellular senescence compared with wild-type keratinocytes, marked by decreased p16Ink4a and p19Arf expression. Taken together, we show that increased ΔNp63α protein levels facilitate oncogenic transformation in the epidermis as well as in the bile duct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Devos
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Barbara Gilbert
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geertrui Denecker
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Molecular and Cellular Oncology Unit, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kirsten Leurs
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Conor Mc Guire
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation Unit, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kelly Lemeire
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tino Hochepied
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Transgenic mice core facility, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Jo Lambert
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Louis Libbrecht
- Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jody Haigh
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Vascular Cell Biology Unit, Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Berx
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Molecular and Cellular Oncology Unit, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Saskia Lippens
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Vandenabeele
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Declercq
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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Lippens S, Furcas A, Or M, Van Goethem B, Polis I, De Rooster H. Behandeling van een chronische huidwonde bij een hond via negatieve druktherapie. VLAAMS DIERGEN TIJDS 2016. [DOI: 10.21825/vdt.v85i4.16330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Een vier jaar en acht maanden oude whippet werd aangeboden met een chronische huidwonde ter hoogte van het mediale aspect van de rechterelleboog. Wegens de chroniciteit van de wonde werd het wondbed eerst zorgvuldig gedebrideerd en nadien behandeld met negatieve druktherapie. Deze relatief nieuwe techniek in de diergeneeskunde biedt allerlei voordelen die het genezingsproces van een chronische wonde ten goede komen. In de huidige casus leidde de negatieve druktherapie in eerste instantie tot de snelle ontwikkeling van een mooi granulatiebed. Om een optimaal eindresultaat te bekomen werd daaropvolgend gebruik gemaakt van een autologe huidtransplantatie (“full-thickness mesh graft”), die eveneens onder negatieve druktherapie werd geplaatst. Dit zorgde, ondanks de lastige lokalisatie van de wonde, voor een snelle aanhechting en optimale overleving van de huidgreffe. Na amper vier weken was de wonde nagenoeg volledig geheeld, terwijl ze eerder, ondanks allerlei behandelingen, gedurende meer dan twee maanden geen genezing vertoonde.
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Krols M, van Isterdael G, Asselbergh B, Kremer A, Lippens S, Timmerman V, Janssens S. Mitochondria-associated membranes as hubs for neurodegeneration. Acta Neuropathol 2016; 131:505-23. [PMID: 26744348 PMCID: PMC4789254 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-015-1528-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing appreciation that membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotic cells communicate directly with one another through direct membrane contact sites. Mitochondria-associated membranes are specialized subdomains of the endoplasmic reticulum that function as membrane contact sites between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. These sites have emerged as major players in lipid metabolism and calcium signaling. More recently also autophagy and mitochondrial dynamics have been found to be regulated at ER-mitochondria contact sites. Neurons critically depend on mitochondria-associated membranes as a means to exchange metabolites and signaling molecules between these organelles. This is underscored by the fact that genes affecting mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis are clearly overrepresented in several hereditary neurodegenerative disorders. Conversely, the processes affected by the contact sites between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria are widely implicated in neurodegeneration. This review will focus on the most recent data addressing the structural composition and function of the mitochondria-associated membranes. In addition, the 3D morphology of the contact sites as observed using volume electron microscopy is discussed. Finally, it will highlight the role of several key proteins associated with these contact sites that are involved not only in dementias, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease, but also in axonopathies such as hereditary spastic paraplegia and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
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35
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Lippens S, Van Goethem B, Gielen I, Polis I, De Rooster H. Cosmetische rostrale neusreconstructie na plaveiselcelcarcinoomresectie bij twee honden. VLAAMS DIERGEN TIJDS 2016. [DOI: 10.21825/vdt.v85i1.16404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Twee mannelijke golden retrievers van ongeveer tien jaar oud werden aangeboden met een zichtbare massa in de neus, niesden en vertoonden epistaxis. Uit histologisch onderzoek na bioptname bleek dat het bij beide honden om een plaveiselcelcarcinoom ging. Bij verdere stagering waren er geen aanwijzingen voor metastasen. Chirurgische wegname van de tumor door middel van een planectomie of nosectomie werd voorgesteld. Omdat de klassieke excisie van de neusspiegel voor deze eigenaars cosmetisch onaanvaardbaar was, werd bij beide honden gekozen voor een rostrale neusreconstructie. Bij de eerste hond bevond de tumor zich aan de oppervlakte, waardoor resectie van het kraakbenig deel van de neus voldoende was en een planectomie werd uitgevoerd. Bij de tweede hond daarentegen was er tevens botaantasting, waardoor niet alleen de neus, maar ook het os incisiva werd verwijderd (nosectomie). Bij beide honden werd een remissie van de tumor verkregen na een follow-up van respectievelijk 35 en 29 maanden, met tegelijkertijd een uitstekend cosmetisch resultaat.
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36
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Larsimont JC, Youssef KK, Sánchez-Danés A, Sukumaran V, Defrance M, Delatte B, Liagre M, Baatsen P, Marine JC, Lippens S, Guerin C, Del Marmol V, Vanderwinden JM, Fuks F, Blanpain C. Sox9 Controls Self-Renewal of Oncogene Targeted Cells and Links Tumor Initiation and Invasion. Cell Stem Cell 2015; 17:60-73. [PMID: 26095047 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Sox9 is a transcription factor expressed in most solid tumors. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying Sox9 function during tumorigenesis remain unclear. Here, using a genetic mouse model of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), the most frequent cancer in humans, we show that Sox9 is expressed from the earliest step of tumor formation in a Wnt/β-catenin-dependent manner. Deletion of Sox9 together with the constitutive activation of Hedgehog signaling completely prevents BCC formation and leads to a progressive loss of oncogene-expressing cells. Transcriptional profiling of oncogene-expressing cells with Sox9 deletion, combined with in vivo ChIP sequencing, uncovers a cancer-specific gene network regulated by Sox9 that promotes stemness, extracellular matrix deposition, and cytoskeleton remodeling while repressing epidermal differentiation. Our study identifies the molecular mechanisms regulated by Sox9 that link tumor initiation and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Matthieu Defrance
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Delatte
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Mélanie Liagre
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, IRIBHM, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Pieter Baatsen
- EM-Facility EMoNe, VIB BIO Imaging Core, Center for Human Genetics Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Jean-Christophe Marine
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for the Biology of Disease, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Saskia Lippens
- Inflammation Research Center, Image Core Facility, VIB, Ghent 9052, Belgium; VIB Bio Imaging Core, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Christopher Guerin
- Inflammation Research Center, Image Core Facility, VIB, Ghent 9052, Belgium; VIB Bio Imaging Core, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Véronique Del Marmol
- Department of Dermatology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | | | - Francois Fuks
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Cédric Blanpain
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, IRIBHM, Brussels 1070, Belgium; WELBIO, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium.
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37
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Kremer A, Lippens S, Bartunkova S, Asselbergh B, Blanpain C, Fendrych M, Goossens A, Holt M, Janssens S, Krols M, Larsimont JC, Mc Guire C, Nowack MK, Saelens X, Schertel A, Schepens B, Slezak M, Timmerman V, Theunis C, VAN Brempt R, Visser Y, Guérin CJ. Developing 3D SEM in a broad biological context. J Microsc 2015; 259:80-96. [PMID: 25623622 PMCID: PMC4670703 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
When electron microscopy (EM) was introduced in the 1930s it gave scientists their first look into the nanoworld of cells. Over the last 80 years EM has vastly increased our understanding of the complex cellular structures that underlie the diverse functions that cells need to maintain life. One drawback that has been difficult to overcome was the inherent lack of volume information, mainly due to the limit on the thickness of sections that could be viewed in a transmission electron microscope (TEM). For many years scientists struggled to achieve three-dimensional (3D) EM using serial section reconstructions, TEM tomography, and scanning EM (SEM) techniques such as freeze-fracture. Although each technique yielded some special information, they required a significant amount of time and specialist expertise to obtain even a very small 3D EM dataset. Almost 20 years ago scientists began to exploit SEMs to image blocks of embedded tissues and perform serial sectioning of these tissues inside the SEM chamber. Using first focused ion beams (FIB) and subsequently robotic ultramicrotomes (serial block-face, SBF-SEM) microscopists were able to collect large volumes of 3D EM information at resolutions that could address many important biological questions, and do so in an efficient manner. We present here some examples of 3D EM taken from the many diverse specimens that have been imaged in our core facility. We propose that the next major step forward will be to efficiently correlate functional information obtained using light microscopy (LM) with 3D EM datasets to more completely investigate the important links between cell structures and their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kremer
- VIB Bio Imaging Core, Gent, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Gent, B-9052, Belgium.,Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Gent, B-9052, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - S Lippens
- VIB Bio Imaging Core, Gent, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Gent, B-9052, Belgium.,Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Gent, B-9052, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - S Bartunkova
- VIB Bio Imaging Core, Gent, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Gent, B-9052, Belgium.,Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Gent, B-9052, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - B Asselbergh
- VIB Department of Molecular Genetics, Antwerp University, Antwerpen 2020, Belgium
| | - C Blanpain
- IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, B-1070, Belgium
| | - M Fendrych
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, Klosterneuburg, 3400, Austria
| | - A Goossens
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Holt
- Center for the Biology of Disease, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Institute for Biology/Genetics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Janssens
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Gent, B-9052, Belgium.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,GROUP-ID Consortium, Ghent University and University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Krols
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Gent, B-9052, Belgium.,VIB Department of Molecular Genetics, Antwerp University, Antwerpen 2020, Belgium
| | - J-C Larsimont
- IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, B-1070, Belgium
| | - C Mc Guire
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Gent, B-9052, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M K Nowack
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - X Saelens
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Gent, B-9052, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Schertel
- Carl Zeiss Microscopy, GmbH, Oberkochen, Germany
| | - B Schepens
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Gent, B-9052, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Slezak
- Center for the Biology of Disease, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - V Timmerman
- VIB Department of Molecular Genetics, Antwerp University, Antwerpen 2020, Belgium
| | - C Theunis
- Department of Intensive Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - R VAN Brempt
- Department of Intensive Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Y Visser
- Department of Intensive Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - C J Guérin
- VIB Bio Imaging Core, Gent, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Gent, B-9052, Belgium.,Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Gent, B-9052, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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38
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Urwyler O, Izadifar A, Dascenco D, Petrovic M, He H, Ayaz D, Kremer A, Lippens S, Baatsen P, Guérin CJ, Schmucker D. Investigating CNS synaptogenesis at single-synapse resolution by combining reverse genetics with correlative light and electron microscopy. Development 2014; 142:394-405. [PMID: 25503410 DOI: 10.1242/dev.115071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Determining direct synaptic connections of specific neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) is a major technical challenge in neuroscience. As a corollary, molecular pathways controlling developmental synaptogenesis in vivo remain difficult to address. Here, we present genetic tools for efficient and versatile labeling of organelles, cytoskeletal components and proteins at single-neuron and single-synapse resolution in Drosophila mechanosensory (ms) neurons. We extended the imaging analysis to the ultrastructural level by developing a protocol for correlative light and 3D electron microscopy (3D CLEM). We show that in ms neurons, synaptic puncta revealed by genetically encoded markers serve as a reliable indicator of individual active zones. Block-face scanning electron microscopy analysis of ms axons revealed T-bar-shaped dense bodies and other characteristic ultrastructural features of CNS synapses. For a mechanistic analysis, we directly combined the single-neuron labeling approach with cell-specific gene disruption techniques. In proof-of-principle experiments we found evidence for a highly similar requirement for the scaffolding molecule Liprin-α and its interactors Lar and DSyd-1 (RhoGAP100F) in synaptic vesicle recruitment. This suggests that these important synapse regulators might serve a shared role at presynaptic sites within the CNS. In principle, our CLEM approach is broadly applicable to the developmental and ultrastructural analysis of any cell type that can be targeted with genetically encoded markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Urwyler
- Neuronal Wiring Laboratory, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Herestraat 49 box 912, Leuven 3000, Belgium Neuronal Wiring Laboratory, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 912, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Azadeh Izadifar
- Neuronal Wiring Laboratory, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Herestraat 49 box 912, Leuven 3000, Belgium Neuronal Wiring Laboratory, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 912, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Dan Dascenco
- Neuronal Wiring Laboratory, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Herestraat 49 box 912, Leuven 3000, Belgium Neuronal Wiring Laboratory, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 912, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Milan Petrovic
- Neuronal Wiring Laboratory, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Herestraat 49 box 912, Leuven 3000, Belgium Neuronal Wiring Laboratory, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 912, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Haihuai He
- Neuronal Wiring Laboratory, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Herestraat 49 box 912, Leuven 3000, Belgium Neuronal Wiring Laboratory, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 912, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Derya Ayaz
- Neuronal Wiring Laboratory, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Herestraat 49 box 912, Leuven 3000, Belgium Neuronal Wiring Laboratory, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 912, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Anna Kremer
- VIB, Bio Imaging Core Gent, Technologiepark 927, Zwijnaarde 9052, Belgium Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, University of Gent, Technologiepark 927, Zwijnaarde 9052, Belgium
| | - Saskia Lippens
- VIB, Bio Imaging Core Gent, Technologiepark 927, Zwijnaarde 9052, Belgium Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, University of Gent, Technologiepark 927, Zwijnaarde 9052, Belgium
| | - Pieter Baatsen
- VIB, Center for the Biology of Disease, Herestraat 49 box 602, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Christopher J Guérin
- VIB, Bio Imaging Core Gent, Technologiepark 927, Zwijnaarde 9052, Belgium Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, University of Gent, Technologiepark 927, Zwijnaarde 9052, Belgium VIB, Inflammation Research Center Microscopy and Cytometry Core, Technologiepark 927, Zwijnaarde 9052, Belgium
| | - Dietmar Schmucker
- Neuronal Wiring Laboratory, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Herestraat 49 box 912, Leuven 3000, Belgium Neuronal Wiring Laboratory, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 box 912, Leuven 3000, Belgium
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Fendrych M, Van Hautegem T, Van Durme M, Olvera-Carrillo Y, Huysmans M, Karimi M, Lippens S, Guérin C, Krebs M, Schumacher K, Nowack M. Programmed Cell Death Controlled by ANAC033/SOMBRERO Determines Root Cap Organ Size in Arabidopsis. Curr Biol 2014; 24:931-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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40
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Roels J, Aelterman J, De Vylder J, Luong H, Saeys Y, Lippens S, Philips W. Noise Analysis and Removal in 3D Electron Microscopy. Advances in Visual Computing 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-14249-4_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Eckhart L, Lippens S, Tschachler E, Declercq W. Cell death by cornification. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research 2013; 1833:3471-3480. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Devos M, De Groote P, Gilbert B, Bruggeman I, Leurs K, Lippens S, Vandenabeele P, Declercq W. Caspase-14 overexpression in hairless mice is not involved in utricle formation. Exp Dermatol 2013; 22:484-6. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Devos
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit; Department for Molecular Biomedical Research; VIB; Ghent Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
| | - Philippe De Groote
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit; Department for Molecular Biomedical Research; VIB; Ghent Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
| | - Barbara Gilbert
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit; Department for Molecular Biomedical Research; VIB; Ghent Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
| | - Inge Bruggeman
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit; Department for Molecular Biomedical Research; VIB; Ghent Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
| | - Kirsten Leurs
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit; Department for Molecular Biomedical Research; VIB; Ghent Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
| | - Saskia Lippens
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit; Department for Molecular Biomedical Research; VIB; Ghent Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
| | - Peter Vandenabeele
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit; Department for Molecular Biomedical Research; VIB; Ghent Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
| | - Wim Declercq
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit; Department for Molecular Biomedical Research; VIB; Ghent Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
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Wirawan E, Lippens S, Vanden Berghe T, Romagnoli A, Fimia GM, Piacentini M, Vandenabeele P. Beclin1: a role in membrane dynamics and beyond. Autophagy 2012; 8:6-17. [PMID: 22170155 DOI: 10.4161/auto.8.1.16645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Beclin1(Atg6) is a well-known key regulator of autophagy. Although Beclin1 is enzymatically inert, it governs the autophagic process by regulating PtdIns3KC3-dependent generation of phosphatidylinositol3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P) and the subsequent recruitment of additional Atg proteins that orchestrate autophagosome formation. Furthermore, Beclin1 is implicated in numerous biological processes, including adaptation to stress, development, endocytosis, cytokinesis, immunity, tumorigenesis, ageing and cell death. Whether all of these processes involve only the autophagy-inducing function of Beclin1 is now being seriously questioned, because Beclin1 appears to exercise several non-autophagy functions. Therefore, we should broaden our view of Beclin1 as a specialized molecule in autophagy to that of a multifunctional protein. The central role of Beclin1 in multiple signaling events obviously requires tight regulation at multiple levels. Its function is kept in check by diverse mechanisms, such as epigenetic silencing, microRNA regulation, post-translational modifications, and protein-protein interactions. Interestingly, multiple diseases are associated with deficiency or malfunction of Beclin1, which makes it a potentially valuable target for various therapies, including anti-cancer treatment. In this review, we focus on Beclin1 as a multifunctional protein, discuss the variety of mechanisms by which it is controlled, and give an overview of Beclin1-associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Wirawan
- Unit for Molecular Signalling and Cell Death, Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, Ghent, Belgium
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Verschuere S, Allais L, Bracke KR, Lippens S, De Smet R, Vandenabeele P, Brusselle GGG, Cuvelier CA. Cigarette smoke and the terminal ileum: increased autophagy in murine follicle-associated epithelium and Peyer's patches. Histochem Cell Biol 2011; 137:293-301. [PMID: 22198275 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-011-0902-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure is associated with increased autophagy in several cell types, such as bronchial epithelial cells. Smoking is also an environmental risk factor in Crohn's disease, in which impairment of the autophagy-mediated anti-bacterial pathway has been implicated. So far, it is unknown whether CS induces autophagy in the gut. Here, we examined the effect of chronic CS exposure on autophagy in the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) of murine Peyer's patches. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the proportion of cell area occupied by autophagic vesicles significantly increased in the FAE after CS exposure. An increased number of autophagic vesicles was observed in the FAE, whereas the vesicle size remained unaltered. Besides enterocytes, also M-cells contain more autophagic vesicles upon CS exposure. In addition, the mRNA level of the autophagy-related protein Atg7 in the underlying Peyer's patches is increased after CS exposure, which indicates that the autophagy-inducing effect of CS is not limited to the FAE. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that CS exposure induces autophagy in murine FAE and in the underlying immune cells of Peyer's patches, suggesting that CS exposure increases the risk for Crohn's disease by causing epithelial oxidative damage, which needs to be repaired by autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Verschuere
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Ghent, 5 Blok A, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Bertrand MJM, Lippens S, Staes A, Gilbert B, Roelandt R, De Medts J, Gevaert K, Declercq W, Vandenabeele P. cIAP1/2 are direct E3 ligases conjugating diverse types of ubiquitin chains to receptor interacting proteins kinases 1 to 4 (RIP1-4). PLoS One 2011; 6:e22356. [PMID: 21931591 PMCID: PMC3171409 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The RIP kinases have emerged as essential mediators of cellular stress that integrate both extracellular stimuli emanating from various cell-surface receptors and signals coming from intracellular pattern recognition receptors. The molecular mechanisms regulating the ability of the RIP proteins to transduce the stress signals remain poorly understood, but seem to rely only partially on their kinase activities. Recent studies on RIP1 and RIP2 have highlighted the importance of ubiquitination as a key process regulating their capacity to activate downstream signaling pathways. In this study, we found that XIAP, cIAP1 and cIAP2 not only directly bind to RIP1 and RIP2 but also to RIP3 and RIP4. We show that cIAP1 and cIAP2 are direct E3 ubiquitin ligases for all four RIP proteins and that cIAP1 is capable of conjugating the RIPs with diverse types of ubiquitin chains, including linear chains. Consistently, we show that repressing cIAP1/2 levels affects the activation of NF-κB that is dependent on RIP1, -2, -3 and -4. Finally, we identified Lys51 and Lys145 of RIP4 as two critical residues for cIAP1-mediated ubiquitination and NF-κB activation.
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Kroemer G, Martinon F, Lippens S, Green DR, Knight R, Vandenabeele P, Piacentini M, Nagata S, Borner C, Simon HU, Krammer P, Melino G. Jürg Tschopp—1951–2011—an immortal contribution. Cell Death Differ 2011. [DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2011.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Remijsen Q, Kuijpers TW, Wirawan E, Lippens S, Vandenabeele P, Vanden Berghe T. Dying for a cause: NETosis, mechanisms behind an antimicrobial cell death modality. Cell Death Differ 2011; 18:581-8. [PMID: 21293492 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2011.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 389] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are chromatin structures loaded with antimicrobial molecules. They can trap and kill various bacterial, fungal and protozoal pathogens, and their release is one of the first lines of defense against pathogens. In vivo, NETs are released during a form of pathogen-induced cell death, which was recently named NETosis. Ex vivo, both dead and viable neutrophils can be stimulated to release NETs composed of either nuclear or mitochondrial chromatin, respectively. In certain pathological conditions, NETs are associated with severe tissue damage or certain auto-immune diseases. This review describes the recent progress made in the identification of the mechanisms involved in NETosis and discusses its interplay with autophagy and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Remijsen
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Tinel A, Eckert MJ, Logette E, Lippens S, Janssens S, Jaccard B, Quadroni M, Tschopp J. Regulation of PIDD auto-proteolysis and activity by the molecular chaperone Hsp90. Cell Death Differ 2010; 18:506-15. [PMID: 20966961 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2010.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to DNA damage, p53-induced protein with a death domain (PIDD) forms a complex called the PIDDosome, which either consists of PIDD, RIP-associated protein with a death domain and caspase-2, forming a platform for the activation of caspase-2, or contains PIDD, RIP1 and NEMO, important for NF-κB activation. PIDDosome activation is dependent on auto-processing of PIDD at two different sites, generating the fragments PIDD-C and PIDD-CC. Despite constitutive cleavage, endogenous PIDD remains inactive. In this study, we screened for novel PIDD regulators and identified heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) as a major effector in both PIDD protein maturation and activation. Hsp90, together with p23, binds PIDD and inhibition of Hsp90 activity with geldanamycin efficiently disrupts this association and impairs PIDD auto-processing. Consequently, both PIDD-mediated NF-κB and caspase-2 activation are abrogated. Interestingly, PIDDosome formation itself is associated with Hsp90 release. Characterisation of cytoplasmic and nuclear pools of PIDD showed that active PIDD accumulates in the nucleus and that only cytoplasmic PIDD is bound to Hsp90. Finally, heat shock induces Hsp90 release from PIDD and PIDD nuclear translocation. Thus, Hsp90 has a major role in controlling PIDD functional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tinel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Chemin des Boveresses 155, Epalinges 1066, Switzerland
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Ovaere P, Lippens S, Vandenabeele P, Declercq W. The emerging roles of serine protease cascades in the epidermis. Trends Biochem Sci 2009; 34:453-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2009.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2009] [Revised: 05/01/2009] [Accepted: 08/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Denecker G, Hoste E, Gilbert B, Hochepied T, Ovaere P, Lippens S, Van den Broecke C, Van Damme P, D'Herde K, Hachem JP, Borgonie G, Presland RB, Schoonjans L, Libert C, Vandekerckhove J, Gevaert K, Vandenabeele P, Declercq W. Caspase-14 protects against epidermal UVB photodamage and water loss. Nat Cell Biol 2007; 9:666-74. [PMID: 17515931 DOI: 10.1038/ncb1597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2007] [Accepted: 04/30/2007] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Caspase-14 belongs to a conserved family of aspartate-specific proteinases. Its expression is restricted almost exclusively to the suprabasal layers of the epidermis and the hair follicles. Moreover, the proteolytic activation of caspase-14 is associated with stratum corneum formation, implicating caspase-14 in terminal keratinocyte differentiation and cornification. Here, we show that the skin of caspase-14-deficient mice was shiny and lichenified, indicating an altered stratum-corneum composition. Caspase-14-deficient epidermis contained significantly more alveolar keratohyalin F-granules, the profilaggrin stores. Accordingly, caspase-14-deficient epidermis is characterized by an altered profilaggrin processing pattern and we show that recombinant caspase-14 can directly cleave profilaggrin in vitro. Caspase-14-deficient epidermis is characterized by reduced skin-hydration levels and increased water loss. In view of the important role of filaggrin in the structure and moisturization of the skin, the knockout phenotype could be explained by an aberrant processing of filaggrin. Importantly, the skin of caspase-14-deficient mice was highly sensitive to the formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers after UVB irradiation, leading to increased levels of UVB-induced apoptosis. Removal of the stratum corneum indicate that caspase-14 controls the UVB scavenging capacity of the stratum corneum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geertrui Denecker
- Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Technologie Park 927, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
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