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Takabatake R, Kagiya Y, Futo S, Minegishi Y, Soga K, Shibata N, Kondo K. Rapid Screening Detection of Genetically Modified Papaya by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:713-717. [PMID: 37121697 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP)-mediated screening detection method for genetically modified (GM) papaya was developed targeting the 35S promoter (P35S) of the cauliflower mosaic virus. LAMP products were detected using a Genie II real-time fluorometer. The limit of detection (LOD) was evaluated and found to be ≤0.05% for papaya seeds. We also designed a primer set for the detection of the papaya endogenous reference sequence, chymopapain, and the species-specificity was confirmed. To improve cost-effectiveness, single-stranded tag hybridization (STH) on a chromatography printed-array strip (C-PAS) system, which is a lateral flow DNA chromatography technology, was applied. LAMP amplification was clearly detected by the system at the LOD level, and a duplex detection of P35S and chymopapain was successfully applied. This simple and quick method for the screening of GM papaya will be useful for the prevention of environmental contamination of unauthorized GM crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reona Takabatake
- Institute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
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Noma S, Kikuchi Y, Satou M, Tanaka T, Takiya T, Okusu H, Futo S, Takabatake R, Kitta K, Mano J. Simple, precise, and less-biased GMO quantification by multiplexed genetic element-specific digital PCR. J AOAC Int 2021; 105:159-166. [PMID: 34626115 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsab138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To provide the consumer with choices of GMO or non-GMO, official food labeling systems were established in many countries. Because the threshold GMO content values were set to distinguish between "non-GMO" and "GMO" designations, GMO content quantification method are required for ensuring the appropriateness of labeling. OBJECTIVE As the number of GMOs is continuously increasing around the world, we set out to develop a low-cost, simple and less-biased analytical strategy to cover all necessary detection targets. METHODS Digital PCR methods are advantageous compared to the conventional quantitative real-time PCR methods. We developed a digital PCR-based GMO quantification method to evaluate the GMO content in maize grains. To minimize the analytical workload, we adopted multiplex digital PCR targeting 35S promoter and NOS terminator, which are genetic elements commonly introduced in many GMOs. RESULTS Our method is significantly simpler and more precise than the conventional real-time PCR-based methods. Additionally, we found that this method enables to quantify the copy number of GM DNA without double counting multiple elements (P35S and TNOS) tandemly placed in a recombinant DNA construct. CONCLUSION This is the first report on the development of a GM maize quantification method using the multiplexed genetic element-specific digital PCR method. The tandem effect we report here is quite useful for reducing the bias in the analytical results. HIGHLIGHTS Multiplexed genetic element-specific digital PCR can simplify weight-based GMO quantification and thus should prove useful in light of the continuous increase in the numbers of GM events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Noma
- Research Center for Basic Science, Nisshin Seifun Group Inc., 5-3-1 Tsurugaoka, Fujimino, Saitama 356-8511, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kikuchi
- Research Center for Basic Science, Nisshin Seifun Group Inc., 5-3-1 Tsurugaoka, Fujimino, Saitama 356-8511, Japan
| | - Megumi Satou
- Food Research Center, Nippn Corporation, 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Tomoki Tanaka
- Food Research Center, Nippn Corporation, 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Takiya
- Food Research Center, Nippn Corporation, 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Hideki Okusu
- Food Research Center, Nippn Corporation, 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Satoshi Futo
- FASMAC Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Reona Takabatake
- Institute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kitta
- Institute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Junichi Mano
- Institute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
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Takabatake R, Onishi M, Minegishi Y, Futo S, Soga K, Nakamura K, Kondo K, Mano J, Kitta K. Development of a Novel Detection Method Targeting an Ultrashort 25 bp Sequence Found in Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformed GM Plants. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:15327-15334. [PMID: 33296196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is the most commonly used technique for plant genetic engineering. During the transformation, a T-DNA region, which is flanked by the right border (RB) and the left border, is transferred to plant nuclear chromosomes. Simultaneously, a sequence adjacent to the RB on T-DNA is frequently transferred to plant genomes together with the intentionally introduced recombinant DNA. We developed a novel polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-mediated detection method targeting this region. The conserved sequence of the region found in genetically modified (GM) crops is only 25 bp in length. To detect this ultrashort 25 bp sequence near the RB region, we designed a primer set consisting of a 12-base forward primer and a 13-base reverse primer. The predicted band was detected from GM crops by optimizing the PCR conditions. We used lateral flow DNA chromatography for rapid and inexpensive detection. The developed method would be applicable for screening the GM crops generated by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reona Takabatake
- Division of Analytical Science, Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Mari Onishi
- FASMAC Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Minegishi
- Nippon Gene Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kandanishiki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0054, Japan
| | - Satoshi Futo
- FASMAC Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Keisuke Soga
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Kosuke Nakamura
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Kazunari Kondo
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Junichi Mano
- Division of Analytical Science, Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kitta
- Division of Analytical Science, Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
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Sakai S, Matsuda R, Adachi R, Akiyama H, Maitani T, Ohno Y, Oka M, Abe A, Seiki K, Oda H, Shiomi K, Urisu A, Arakawa F, Futo S, Haraguchi H, Hirose Y, Hirota M, Iidzuka T, Kan K, Kanayama S, Koike T, Kojima K, Minegishi Y, Mori Y, Nishihara R, Sato H, Yamaguchi A, Yamakawa H, Yasuda K. Interlaboratory Evaluation of Two Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kits for the Determination of Crustacean Protein in Processed Foods. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/91.1.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The labeling of foods containing material derived from crustaceans such as shrimp and crab is to become mandatory in Japan because of increases in the number of allergy patients. To ensure proper labeling, 2 novel sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for the determination of crustacean protein in processed foods, the N kit (Nissui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Ibaraki, Japan) and the M kit (Maruha Nichiro Holdings, Inc., Ibaraki, Japan), have been developed. Five types of model processed foods containing 10 and/or 11.9 g/g crustacean soluble protein were prepared for interlaboratory evaluation of the performance of these kits. The N kit displayed a relatively high level of reproducibility relative standard deviation (interlaboratory precision; 4.08.4 RSDR) and sufficient recovery (6586) for all the model processed foods. The M kit displayed sufficient reproducibility (17.620.5 RSDR) and a reasonably high level of recovery (82103). The repeatability relative standard deviation (RSDr) values regarding the detection of crustacean proteins in the 5 model foods were mostly <5.1 RSDr for the N kit and 9.9 RSDr for the M kit. In conclusion, the results of this interlaboratory evaluation suggest that both these ELISA kits would be very useful for detecting crustacean protein in processed foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Sakai
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1, Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Rieko Matsuda
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1, Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Reiko Adachi
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1, Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Akiyama
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1, Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Tamio Maitani
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1, Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ohno
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1, Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Michihiro Oka
- Nissui Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, 1075-2, Hokunanmoro, Yuki, Ibaraki 307-0036, Japan
| | - Akihisa Abe
- Nippon Suisan Kaisha, Ltd, 559-6, Kitano-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0906, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Seiki
- Maruha Nichiro Holdings, Inc., 16-2, Wadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-4295, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Oda
- Maruha Nichiro Holdings, Inc., 16-2, Wadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-4295, Japan
| | - Kazuo Shiomi
- Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7, Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Atsuo Urisu
- Fujita Health University, 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
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Kodama T, Kuribara H, Minegishi Y, Futo S, Watai M, Sawada C, Watanabe T, Akiyama H, Maitani T, Teshima R, Furui S, Hino A, Kitta K. Evaluation of Modified PCR Quantitation of Genetically Modified Maize and Soybean Using Reference Molecules: Interlaboratory Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/92.1.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based quantitative methods were previously developed and validated for genetically modified (GM) maize or soy. In this study, the quantification step of the validated methods was modified, and an interlaboratory study was conducted. The modification included the introduction of the PCR system SSIIb 3 instead of SSIIb 1 for the detection of the taxon-specific sequence of maize, as well as the adoption of colE1 as a carrier included in a reference plasmid solution as a replacement for salmon testis. The interlaboratory study was conducted with the ABI PRISM<sup/> 7700 and consisted of 2 separate stages: (1) the measurement of conversion factor (Cf) value, which is the ratio of recombinant DNA (r-DNA) sequence to taxon-specific sequence in each genuine GM seed, and (2) the quantification of blind samples. Additionally, Cf values of other instruments, such as the ABI PRISM 7900 and the ABI PRISM 7000, were measured in a multilaboratory trial. After outlier laboratories were eliminated, the repeatability and reproducibility for 5.0 samples were <15.8 and 20.6, respectively. The quantitation limits of these methods were 0.5 for Bt11, T25, and MON810, and 0.1 for GA21, Event176, and RR soy. The quantitation limits, trueness, and precision of the current modified methods were equivalent to those of the previous methods. Therefore, it was concluded that the modified methods would be a suitable replacement for the validated methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kodama
- Food and Agricultural Materials Inspection Center, 2-1 Shintoshin, Chuo-ku, Saitama-shi, Saitama 330-9731, Japan
| | - Hideo Kuribara
- Food and Agricultural Materials Inspection Center, 2-1 Shintoshin, Chuo-ku, Saitama-shi, Saitama 330-9731, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Minegishi
- NIPPON GENE, Co., Ltd, 1-5 Kandanishiki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Toyko 101-0054, Japan
| | - Satoshi Futo
- FASMAC Co, Ltd, 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Watai
- Japan Food Research Laboratories, 6-11-10 Nagayama, Tama, Tokyo 206-0025, Japan
| | - Chihiro Sawada
- Japan Frozen Foods Inspection Corp, 2-13-45 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 658-0033, Japan
| | - Takahiro Watanabe
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Akiyama
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Tamio Maitani
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Reiko Teshima
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Furui
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, National Food Research Institute, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Akihiro Hino
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, National Food Research Institute, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kitta
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, National Food Research Institute, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
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Kodama T, Kasahara M, Minegishi Y, Futo S, Sawada C, Watai M, Akiyama H, Teshima R, Kurosawa Y, Furui S, Hino A, Kitta K. Qualitative PCR Method for Roundup Ready® Soybean: Interlaboratory Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/94.1.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Quantitative and qualitative methods based on PCR have been developed for genetically modified organisms (GMO). Interlaboratory studies were previously conducted for GMO quantitative methods; in this study, an interlaboratory study was conducted for a qualitative method for a GM soybean, Roundup Ready® soy (RR soy), with primer pairs designed for the quantitative method of RR soy studied previously. Fourteen laboratories in Japan participated. Each participant extracted DNA from 1.0 g each of the soy samples containing 0, 0.05, and 0.10% of RR soy, and performed PCR with primer pairs for an internal control gene (Le1) and RR soy followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The PCR product amplified in this PCR system for Le1 was detected from all samples. The sensitivity, specificity, and false-negative and false-positive rates of the method were obtained from the results of RR soy detection. False-negative rates at the level of 0.05 and 0.10% of the RR soy samples were 6.0 and 2.3%, respectively, revealing that the LOD of the method was somewhat below 0.10%. The current study demonstrated that the qualitative method would be practical for monitoring the labeling system of GM soy in kernel lots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kodama
- Food and Agricultural Materials Inspection Center, 2-1 Shintoshin, Chuo-ku, Saitama-shi, Saitama 330-9731, Japan
| | - Masaki Kasahara
- Food and Agricultural Materials Inspection Center, 2-1 Shintoshin, Chuo-ku, Saitama-shi, Saitama 330-9731, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Minegishi
- NIPPON GENE, Co., Ltd, 1-5 Kandanishiki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0054, Japan
| | - Satoshi Futo
- FASMAC Co, Ltd, 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Chihiro Sawada
- Japan Frozen Foods Inspection Corp, 2-13-45 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Watai
- Japan Food Research Laboratories, 6-11-10 Nagayama, Tama, Tokyo 206-0025, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Akiyama
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Reiko Teshima
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Yasunori Kurosawa
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, National Food Research Institute, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Satoshi Furui
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, National Food Research Institute, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Akihiro Hino
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, National Food Research Institute, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kitta
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, National Food Research Institute, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
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Kuribara H, Shindo Y, Matsuoka T, Takubo K, Futo S, Aoki N, Hirao T, Akiyama H, Goda Y, Toyada M, Hino A. Novel Reference Molecules for Quantitation of Genetically Modified Maize and Soybean. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/85.5.1077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
New quantitation methods based on a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique were developed for 5 lines of genetically modified (GM) maize, including MON810, Event176, Bt11, T25, and GA21, and a GM soy, Roundup Ready. Oligonucleotide DNA, including specific primers and fluorescent dye, labeled probes, were designed for PCRs. Two plasmids were constructed as reference molecules (RMs) for the detection of GM maize and GM soy. The molecules contain the DNA sequences of a specific region found in each GM line, universal sequences used in various GM lines, such as cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter and nopaline synthase terminator, and the endogenous DNA sequences of maize or soy. By using these plasmids, no GM maize and GM soy were required as reference materials for the qualitative and quantitative PCR technique. Test samples containing 0, 0.10, 0.50, 1.0, 5.0, and 10% GM maize or GM soy were quantitated. At the 5.0%level, the bias (mean–true value) ranged from 2.8 to 19.4% and the relative standard deviation was <5.2%. These results show that our method involving the use of these plasmids as RMs is reliable and practical for quantitation of GM maize and GM soy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Kuribara
- Center for Food Quality, Labeling and Consumer Services, 1-21-2 Kitabukuro, Saitama, Saitama 330-9731, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Shindo
- Asahi Breweries Ltd., 1-1-21 Midori, Moriya, Kitasoma-gun, Ibaraki 302-0106, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsuoka
- Center for Food Quality, Labeling and Consumer Services, 1-21-2 Kitabukuro, Saitama, Saitama 330-9731, Japan
| | - Ken Takubo
- Center for Food Quality, Labeling and Consumer Services, 1-21-2 Kitabukuro, Saitama, Saitama 330-9731, Japan
| | - Satoshi Futo
- FASMAC Co. Ltd.,5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Nobutaro Aoki
- Japan Food Research Laboratories, 6-11-10 Nagayama, Tama, Tokyo 206-0025, Japan
| | - Takashi Hirao
- Somatech Center, House Foods Co., 1-4 Takanodai, Yotsukaido, Chiba 284-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Akiyama
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Goda
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Masatake Toyada
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiro Hino
- National Food Research Institute, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
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Shindo Y, Kuribara H, Matsuoka T, Futo S, Sawada C, Shono J, Akiyama H, Goda Y, Toyoda M, Hino A, Asano T, Hiramoto M, Iwaya A, Jeong SI, Kajiyama N, Kato H, Katsumoto H, Kim YM, Kwak HS, Ogawa M, Onozuka Y, Takubo K, Yamakawa H, Yamazaki F, Yoshida A, Yoshimura T. Validation of Real-Time PCR Analyses for Line-Specific Quantitation of Genetically Modified Maize and Soybean UsingNew Reference Molecules. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/85.5.1119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Novel analytical methods based on real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions by use of new reference molecules were validated in interlaboratory studies for the quantitation of genetically modified (GM) maize and soy. More than 13 laboratories from Japan, Korea, and the United States participated in the studies. The interlaboratory studies included 2 separate stages: (1) measurement tests of coefficient values, the ratio of recombinant DNA (r-DNA) sequence, and endogenous DNA sequence in the seeds of GM maize and GM soy; and (2) blind tests with 6 pairs of maize and soy samples, including different levels of GM maize or GM soy. Test results showed that the methods are applicable to the specific quantitation of the 5 lines of GM maize and one line of GM soy. After statistical treatment to remove outliers, the repeatability and reproducibility of these methods at a level of 5.0% were <13.7 and 15.9%, respectively. The quantitation limits of the methods were 0.50% for Bt11, T25, and MON810, and 0.10% for GA21, Event176, and Roundup Ready soy. The results of blind tests showed that the numerical information obtained from these methods will contribute to practical analyses for labeling systems of GM crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Shindo
- Fundamental Research Laboratory, Asahi Breweries Ltd., 1-1-21 Midori, Moriya, Kitasoma-gun, Ibaraki 302-0106, Japan
| | - Hideo Kuribara
- Center for Food Quality, Labeling and Consumer Services, 1-21-2 Kitabukuro, Saitama, Saitama 330-9731, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsuoka
- Center for Food Quality, Labeling and Consumer Services, 1-21-2 Kitabukuro, Saitama, Saitama 330-9731, Japan
| | - Satoshi Futo
- FASMAC Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Chihiro Sawada
- Japan Frozen Foods Inspection Corp., Nishi-1 Koyo, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 658-0033, Japan
| | - Jinji Shono
- Somatech Center, House Foods Co., 1-4 Takanodai, Yotsukaido, Chiba 284-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Akiyama
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Goda
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Masatake Toyoda
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiro Hino
- National Food Research Institute, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
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Seo M, Takabatake R, Izumi S, Unno H, Kawashima Y, Ki U, Hatada S, Katoh I, Nakazawa S, Matsumoto T, Yonekawa Y, Hashimoto M, Lin W, Maeda R, Riztyan, Onishi M, Futo S, Kishine M, Kitta K. Novel Bioprinting Application for the Production of Reference Material Containing a Defined Copy Number of Target DNA. Anal Chem 2019; 91:12733-12740. [PMID: 31482708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acid amplification methods, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), are extensively used in many applications to detect target DNA because of their high sensitivity, good reproducibility, and wide dynamic range of quantification. However, analytical quality control when detecting low copy number target DNA is often missing because of a lack of appropriate reference materials. Recent advances in analytical sciences require a method to accurately quantify DNA at the single molecule level. Herein, we have developed a novel method to produce reference material containing a defined copy number of target DNA (referred to as "cell number-based DNA reference material"). In this method, a suspension of cells carrying a single target DNA sequence was ejected by an inkjet head, and the number of cells in each droplet was counted using highly sensitive cameras. The resulting solutions contained a defined copy number of target DNA and could be used as reference materials. The use of the newly developed reference material was compared with that of diluted solutions of target DNA to evaluate the performance of qualitative real-time PCR in terms of the limit of detection (LOD). Our results demonstrated that cell number-based DNA reference material provides more accurate information regarding performance quality. The reference material produced by this method is a promising tool to evaluate assay performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Seo
- Biomedical Business Center, Healthcare Business Group , Ricoh Co., Ltd. , 3-25-22 Tonomachi LIC 322, Kawasaki , Kanagawa 210-0821 , Japan
| | - Reona Takabatake
- Division of Analytical Science, Food Research Institute , National Agriculture and Food Research Organization , 2-1-12 Kannondai , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8642 , Japan
| | - Satoshi Izumi
- Biomedical Business Center, Healthcare Business Group , Ricoh Co., Ltd. , 3-25-22 Tonomachi LIC 322, Kawasaki , Kanagawa 210-0821 , Japan
| | - Hirotaka Unno
- Biomedical Business Center, Healthcare Business Group , Ricoh Co., Ltd. , 3-25-22 Tonomachi LIC 322, Kawasaki , Kanagawa 210-0821 , Japan
| | - Yudai Kawashima
- Biomedical Business Center, Healthcare Business Group , Ricoh Co., Ltd. , 3-25-22 Tonomachi LIC 322, Kawasaki , Kanagawa 210-0821 , Japan
| | - Unoh Ki
- Biomedical Business Center, Healthcare Business Group , Ricoh Co., Ltd. , 3-25-22 Tonomachi LIC 322, Kawasaki , Kanagawa 210-0821 , Japan
| | - Shigeo Hatada
- Biomedical Business Center, Healthcare Business Group , Ricoh Co., Ltd. , 3-25-22 Tonomachi LIC 322, Kawasaki , Kanagawa 210-0821 , Japan
| | - Ikuo Katoh
- Biomedical Business Center, Healthcare Business Group , Ricoh Co., Ltd. , 3-25-22 Tonomachi LIC 322, Kawasaki , Kanagawa 210-0821 , Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakazawa
- Biomedical Business Center, Healthcare Business Group , Ricoh Co., Ltd. , 3-25-22 Tonomachi LIC 322, Kawasaki , Kanagawa 210-0821 , Japan
| | - Takahiko Matsumoto
- Biomedical Business Center, Healthcare Business Group , Ricoh Co., Ltd. , 3-25-22 Tonomachi LIC 322, Kawasaki , Kanagawa 210-0821 , Japan
| | - Yuuki Yonekawa
- Biomedical Business Center, Healthcare Business Group , Ricoh Co., Ltd. , 3-25-22 Tonomachi LIC 322, Kawasaki , Kanagawa 210-0821 , Japan
| | - Michie Hashimoto
- Biomedical Business Center, Healthcare Business Group , Ricoh Co., Ltd. , 3-25-22 Tonomachi LIC 322, Kawasaki , Kanagawa 210-0821 , Japan
| | - Waka Lin
- Biomedical Business Center, Healthcare Business Group , Ricoh Co., Ltd. , 3-25-22 Tonomachi LIC 322, Kawasaki , Kanagawa 210-0821 , Japan
| | - Reo Maeda
- Biomedical Business Center, Healthcare Business Group , Ricoh Co., Ltd. , 3-25-22 Tonomachi LIC 322, Kawasaki , Kanagawa 210-0821 , Japan
| | - Riztyan
- Fasmac Co., Ltd. , 5-1-3, Midorigaoka , Atsugi , Kanagawa 243-0041 , Japan
| | - Mari Onishi
- Fasmac Co., Ltd. , 5-1-3, Midorigaoka , Atsugi , Kanagawa 243-0041 , Japan
| | - Satoshi Futo
- Fasmac Co., Ltd. , 5-1-3, Midorigaoka , Atsugi , Kanagawa 243-0041 , Japan
| | - Masahiro Kishine
- Division of Analytical Science, Food Research Institute , National Agriculture and Food Research Organization , 2-1-12 Kannondai , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8642 , Japan
| | - Kazumi Kitta
- Division of Analytical Science, Food Research Institute , National Agriculture and Food Research Organization , 2-1-12 Kannondai , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8642 , Japan
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10
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Sugita-Konishi Y, Kobayashi N, Takasaki K, Kanno T, Itoh M, Riztyan, Futo S, Asakura H, Taira K, Kawakami Y. Detection of Sarcocystis spp. and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in Japanese sika deer meat using a loop-mediated isothermal amplification-lateral flow strip. J Vet Med Sci 2019; 81:586-592. [PMID: 30814421 PMCID: PMC6483920 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Game meat potentially harbors a number of parasitic and bacterial pathogens that cause
foodborne disease. It is thus important to monitor the prevalence of such pathogens in
game meats before retail and consumption to ensure consumer safety. In particular,
Sarcocystis spp. and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia
coli (STEC) have been reported to be causative agents of food poisoning
associated with deer meat consumption. To examine the prevalence of these microbiological
agents on-site at a slaughterhouse, the rapid, simple and sensitive detection method known
as the “DNA strip” has been developed, a novel tool combining loop-mediated isothermal
amplification and a lateral flow strip. This assay has achieved higher sensitivity and
faster than conventional PCR and is suitable for on-site inspection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Sugita-Konishi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Naoki Kobayashi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Kazuto Takasaki
- FASMAC CO., Ltd., 5-1-2, Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Takumi Kanno
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Miku Itoh
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Riztyan
- FASMAC CO., Ltd., 5-1-2, Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Satoshi Futo
- FASMAC CO., Ltd., 5-1-2, Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Asakura
- Division of Biomedical Food Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Kensuke Taira
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kawakami
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuto Takasaki
- Fasmac Co., Ltd, 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi-Shi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Yukiko Yamakoshi
- Fasmac Co., Ltd, 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi-Shi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Satoshi Futo
- Fasmac Co., Ltd, 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi-Shi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
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12
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Takabatake R, Kagiya Y, Minegishi Y, Futo S, Soga K, Nakamura K, Kondo K, Mano J, Kitta K. Rapid Screening Detection of Genetically Modified Crops by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification with a Lateral Flow Dipstick. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:7839-7845. [PMID: 29949351 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We developed a novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP)-based detection method using lateral flow dipstick chromatography for genetically modified (GM) soybean and maize events. The single-stranded tag hybridization (STH) for the chromatography printed-array strip (C-PAS) system was used for detections targeting the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter, mannose-6-phosphate isomerase gene, Pisum sativum ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase terminator, a common sequence between the Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac genes, and a GA21-specific sequence. The STH C-PAS system was applicable for multiplex analyses to perform simultaneous detections. The limit of detection was 0.5% or less for each target. By using the developed method, the LAMP amplification was visually detected. Moreover, the detection could be carried out without any expensive instruments, even for the DNA amplification steps, by virtue of the isothermal reaction. We demonstrated that the rapid and useful method developed here would be applicable for screening GM crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reona Takabatake
- Division of Analytical Science, Food Research Institute , National Agriculture and Food Research Organization , 2-1-12 Kannondai , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8642 , Japan
| | - Yukari Kagiya
- FASMAC Co., Ltd. , 5-1-3 Midorigaoka , Atsugi , Kanagawa 243-0041 , Japan
| | - Yasutaka Minegishi
- Nippon Gene Co., Ltd. , 1-5, Kandanishiki-cho, Chiyoda-ku , Tokyo 101-0054 , Japan
| | - Satoshi Futo
- FASMAC Co., Ltd. , 5-1-3 Midorigaoka , Atsugi , Kanagawa 243-0041 , Japan
| | - Keisuke Soga
- National Institute of Health Sciences , 3-25-26, Tonomachi , Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi , Kanagawa 210-9501 , Japan
| | - Kosuke Nakamura
- National Institute of Health Sciences , 3-25-26, Tonomachi , Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi , Kanagawa 210-9501 , Japan
| | - Kazunari Kondo
- National Institute of Health Sciences , 3-25-26, Tonomachi , Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi , Kanagawa 210-9501 , Japan
| | - Junichi Mano
- Division of Analytical Science, Food Research Institute , National Agriculture and Food Research Organization , 2-1-12 Kannondai , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8642 , Japan
| | - Kazumi Kitta
- Division of Analytical Science, Food Research Institute , National Agriculture and Food Research Organization , 2-1-12 Kannondai , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8642 , Japan
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13
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Takabatake R, Kagiya Y, Minegishi Y, Yeasmin S, Futo S, Noguchi A, Kondo K, Mano J, Kitta K. Development and evaluation of rapid screening detection methods for genetically modified crops using loop-mediated isothermal amplification. Food Chem 2018; 252:390-396. [PMID: 29478558 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We developed new loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP)-based detection methods for the screening of genetically modified (GM) maize and soybean events. The LAMP methods developed targeted seven sequences: cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter; 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase gene from Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain CP4 (cp4epsps); phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (pat) gene; mannose-6-phosphate isomerase gene; Pisum sativum ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase terminator; a common sequence between Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac genes; and a GA21 construct-specific sequence. We designed new specific primer sets for each target, and the limit of detection (LOD) was evaluated using authorized GM maize and soybean events. LODs for each target were ≤ 0.5%. To make the DNA extraction process simple and rapid, we also developed a direct LAMP detection scheme using crude cell lysates. The entire process, including pretreatments and detection, could be completed within 1 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reona Takabatake
- Analytical Science Division, Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Yukari Kagiya
- FASMAC Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | | | | | - Satoshi Futo
- FASMAC Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Akio Noguchi
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Kazunari Kondo
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Junichi Mano
- Analytical Science Division, Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kitta
- Analytical Science Division, Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan.
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14
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Mano J, Hatano S, Nagatomi Y, Futo S, Takabatake R, Kitta K. Highly Sensitive GMO Detection Using Real-Time PCR with a Large Amount of DNA Template: Single-Laboratory Validation. J AOAC Int 2017; 101:507-514. [PMID: 28847345 DOI: 10.5740/jaoacint.17-0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Current genetically modified organism (GMO) detection methods allow for sensitive detection. However, a further increase in sensitivity will enable more efficient testing for large grain samples and reliable testing for processed foods. In this study, we investigated real-time PCR-based GMO detection methods using a large amount of DNA template. We selected target sequences that are commonly introduced into many kinds of GM crops, i.e., 35S promoter and nopaline synthase (NOS) terminator. This makes the newly developed method applicable to a wide range of GMOs, including some unauthorized ones. The estimated LOD of the new method was 0.005% of GM maize events; to the best of our knowledge, this method is the most sensitive among the GM maize detection methods for which the LOD was evaluated in terms of GMO content. A 10-fold increase in the DNA amount as compared with the amount used under common testing conditions gave an approximately 10-fold reduction in the LOD without PCR inhibition. Our method is applicable to various analytical samples, including processed foods. The use of other primers and fluorescence probes would permit highly sensitive detection of various recombinant DNA sequences besides the 35S promoter and NOS terminator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Mano
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Shuko Hatano
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Nagatomi
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Satoshi Futo
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Reona Takabatake
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kitta
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
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15
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Nakamura K, Kondo K, Akiyama H, Ishigaki T, Noguchi A, Katsumata H, Takasaki K, Futo S, Sakata K, Fukuda N, Mano J, Kitta K, Tanaka H, Akashi R, Nishimaki-Mogami T. Whole genome sequence analysis of unidentified genetically modified papaya for development of a specific detection method. Food Chem 2016; 205:272-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.02.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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16
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Nakamura K, Kondo K, Akiyama H, Ishigaki T, Noguchi A, Katsumata H, Takasaki K, Futo S, Sakata K, Fukuda N, Mano J, Kitta K, Tanaka H, Akashi R, Nishimaki-Mogami T. Interlaboratory validation data on real-time polymerase chain reaction detection for unauthorized genetically modified papaya line PRSV-YK. Data Brief 2016; 7:1165-70. [PMID: 27408919 PMCID: PMC4927967 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.03.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This article is referred to research article entitled "Whole genome sequence analysis of unidentified genetically modified papaya for development of a specific detection method" (Nakamura et al., 2016) [1]. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection method for unauthorized genetically modified (GM) papaya (Carica papaya L.) line PRSV-YK (PRSV-YK detection method) was developed using whole genome sequence data (DDBJ Sequenced Read Archive under accession No. PRJDB3976). Interlaboratory validation datasets for PRSV-YK detection method were provided. Data indicating homogeneity of samples prepared for interlaboratory validation were included. Specificity and sensitivity test data for PRSV-YK detection method were also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Nakamura
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Kazunari Kondo
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Akiyama
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Takumi Ishigaki
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Akio Noguchi
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katsumata
- FASMAC CO., LTD., 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Kazuto Takasaki
- FASMAC CO., LTD., 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Satoshi Futo
- FASMAC CO., LTD., 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Kozue Sakata
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Nozomi Fukuda
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Junichi Mano
- Analytical Science Division, National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kitta
- Analytical Science Division, National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Hidenori Tanaka
- Graduate School of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Ryo Akashi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
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17
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Horitsu H, Futo S, Miyazawa Y, Ogai S, Kawai K. Enzymatic Reduction of Hexavalent Chromium by Hexavalent Chromium TolerantPseudomonas ambiguaG-1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00021369.1987.10868422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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18
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Tsukahara K, Takabatake R, Masubuchi T, Futo S, Minegishi Y, Noguchi A, Kondo K, Nishimaki-Mogami T, Kurashima T, Mano J, Kitta K. Development and Evaluation of Event-Specific Quantitative PCR Method for Genetically Modified Soybean MON87701. Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi 2016; 57:187-192. [PMID: 28025452 DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.57.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A real-time PCR-based analytical method was developed for the event-specific quantification of a genetically modified (GM) soybean event, MON87701. First, a standard plasmid for MON87701 quantification was constructed. The conversion factor (Cf) required to calculate the amount of genetically modified organism (GMO) was experimentally determined for a real-time PCR instrument. The determined Cf for the real-time PCR instrument was 1.24. For the evaluation of the developed method, a blind test was carried out in an inter-laboratory trial. The trueness and precision were evaluated as the bias and reproducibility of relative standard deviation (RSDr), respectively. The determined biases and the RSDr values were less than 30 and 13%, respectively, at all evaluated concentrations. The limit of quantitation of the method was 0.5%, and the developed method would thus be applicable for practical analyses for the detection and quantification of MON87701.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Tsukahara
- Division of Analytical Science, Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
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19
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Noguchi A, Akiyama H, Nakamura K, Sakata K, Minegishi Y, Mano J, Takabatake R, Futo S, Kitta K, Teshima R, Kondo K, Nishimaki-Mogami T. A novel trait-specific real-time PCR method enables quantification of genetically modified (GM) maize content in ground grain samples containing stacked GM maize. Eur Food Res Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-014-2340-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Mano J, Hatano S, Futo S, Yoshii J, Nakae H, Naito S, Takabatake R, Kitta K. Development of a Reference Material of a Single DNA Molecule for the Quality Control of PCR Testing. Anal Chem 2014; 86:8621-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ac501314s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Mano
- National Food
Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Shuko Hatano
- Fasmac Co., Ltd., 5-1-3,
Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Satoshi Futo
- Fasmac Co., Ltd., 5-1-3,
Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
- Japan Micro Array
Consortium, 2-4-10, Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Junji Yoshii
- Japan Micro Array
Consortium, 2-4-10, Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nakae
- Japan Micro Array
Consortium, 2-4-10, Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Naito
- National Food
Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Reona Takabatake
- National Food
Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kitta
- National Food
Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
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21
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Mano J, Hatano S, Futo S, Minegishi Y, Ninomiya K, Nakamura K, Kondo K, Teshima R, Takabatake R, Kitta K. Development of direct real-time PCR system applicable to a wide range of foods and agricultural products. Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi 2014; 55:25-33. [PMID: 24598224 DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.55.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To improve the efficiency of DNA analysis of foods and agricultural products, we investigated a direct real-time PCR based on the real-time monitoring of DNA amplification directly from crude cell lysates of analytical samples. We established a direct real-time PCR system comprising sample pretreatment with a specified lysis buffer and real-time PCR using the developed master mix reagent. No PCR inhibition was observed in the analysis of crude cell lysates from 50 types of samples, indicating that the direct real-time PCR system is applicable to a wide range of materials. The specificity of the direct real-time PCR was evaluated by means of a model assay system for single nucleotide discrimination. Even when crude cell lysates coexisted in the reaction mixtures, the primer selectivity was not affected, suggesting that the sequence specificity of the direct real-time PCR was equivalent to that of PCR from purified DNA templates. We evaluated the sensitivity and quantitative performance of the direct real-time PCR using soybean flour samples including various amounts of genetically modified organisms. The results clearly showed that the direct real-time PCR system provides sensitive detection and precise quantitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Mano
- National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
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Mano J, Masubuchi T, Hatano S, Futo S, Koiwa T, Minegishi Y, Noguchi A, Kondo K, Akiyama H, Teshima R, Kurashima T, Takabatake R, Kitta K. [Development and validation of event-specific quantitative PCR method for genetically modified maize LY038]. Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi 2013; 54:25-30. [PMID: 23470871 DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.54.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we report a novel real-time PCR-based analytical method for quantitation of the GM maize event LY038. We designed LY038-specific and maize endogenous reference DNA-specific PCR amplifications. After confirming the specificity and linearity of the LY038-specific PCR amplification, we determined the conversion factor required to calculate the weight-based content of GM organism (GMO) in a multilaboratory evaluation. Finally, in order to validate the developed method, an interlaboratory collaborative trial according to the internationally harmonized guidelines was performed with blind DNA samples containing LY038 at the mixing levels of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 5.0 and 10.0%. The precision of the method was evaluated as the RSD of reproducibility (RSDR), and the values obtained were all less than 25%. The limit of quantitation of the method was judged to be 0.5% based on the definition of ISO 24276 guideline. The results from the collaborative trial suggested that the developed quantitative method would be suitable for practical testing of LY038 maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Mano
- National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Japan
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23
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Takabatake R, Onishi M, Koiwa T, Futo S, Minegishi Y, Akiyama H, Teshima R, Kurashima T, Mano J, Furui S, Kitta K. Development and interlaboratory validation of quantitative polymerase chain reaction method for screening analysis of genetically modified soybeans. Biol Pharm Bull 2013; 36:131-4. [PMID: 23302646 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b12-00766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
A novel real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based quantitative screening method was developed for three genetically modified soybeans: RRS, A2704-12, and MON89788. The 35S promoter (P35S) of cauliflower mosaic virus is introduced into RRS and A2704-12 but not MON89788. We then designed a screening method comprised of the combination of the quantification of P35S and the event-specific quantification of MON89788. The conversion factor (Cf) required to convert the amount of a genetically modified organism (GMO) from a copy number ratio to a weight ratio was determined experimentally. The trueness and precision were evaluated as the bias and reproducibility of relative standard deviation (RSDR), respectively. The determined RSDR values for the method were less than 25% for both targets. We consider that the developed method would be suitable for the simple detection and approximate quantification of GMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reona Takabatake
- National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2–1–12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8642, Japan
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24
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Takabatake R, Koiwa T, Kasahara M, Takashima K, Futo S, Minegishi Y, Akiyama H, Teshima R, Oguchi T, Mano J, Furui S, Kitta K. Interlaboratory validation of quantitative duplex real-time PCR method for screening analysis of genetically modified maize. Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi 2012; 52:265-9. [PMID: 21873818 DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.52.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To reduce the cost and time required to routinely perform the genetically modified organism (GMO) test, we developed a duplex quantitative real-time PCR method for a screening analysis simultaneously targeting an event-specific segment for GA21 and Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35S promoter (P35S) segment [Oguchi et al., J. Food Hyg. Soc. Japan, 50, 117-125 (2009)]. To confirm the validity of the method, an interlaboratory collaborative study was conducted. In the collaborative study, conversion factors (Cfs), which are required to calculate the GMO amount (%), were first determined for two real-time PCR instruments, the ABI PRISM 7900HT and the ABI PRISM 7500. A blind test was then conducted. The limit of quantitation for both GA21 and P35S was estimated to be 0.5% or less. The trueness and precision were evaluated as the bias and reproducibility of the relative standard deviation (RSD(R)). The determined bias and RSD(R) were each less than 25%. We believe the developed method would be useful for the practical screening analysis of GM maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reona Takabatake
- Analytical Science Division, National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki
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25
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Akiyama H, Sakata K, Makiyma D, Nakamura K, Teshima R, Nakashima A, Ogawa A, Yamagishi T, Futo S, Oguchi T, Mano J, Kitta K. Interlaboratory study of DNA extraction from multiple ground samples, multiplex real-time PCR, and multiplex qualitative PCR for individual kernel detection system of genetically modified maize. J AOAC Int 2012; 94:1540-7. [PMID: 22165018 DOI: 10.5740/jaoac.10-447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In many countries, the labeling of grains, feed, and foodstuff is mandatory if the genetically modified (GM) organism content exceeds a certain level of approved GM varieties. We previously developed an individual kernel detection system consisting of grinding individual kernels, DNA extraction from the individually ground kernels, GM detection using multiplex real-time PCR, and GM event detection using multiplex qualitative PCR to analyze the precise commingling level and varieties of GM maize in real sample grains. We performed the interlaboratory study of the DNA extraction with multiple ground samples, multiplex real-time PCR detection, and multiplex qualitative PCR detection to evaluate its applicability, practicality, and ruggedness for the individual kernel detection system of GM maize. DNA extraction with multiple ground samples, multiplex real-time PCR, and multiplex qualitative PCR were evaluated by five laboratories in Japan, and all results from these laboratories were consistent with the expected results in terms of the commingling level and event analysis. Thus, the DNA extraction with multiple ground samples, multiplex real-time PCR, and multiplex qualitative PCR for the individual kernel detection system is applicable and practicable in a laboratory to regulate the commingling level of GM maize grain for GM samples, including stacked GM maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Akiyama
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan.
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26
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Akiyama H, Sakata K, Makiyma D, Nakamura K, Teshima R, Nakashima A, Ogawa A, Yamagishi T, Futo S, Oguchi T, Mano J, Kitta K. Interlaboratory Study of DNA Extraction from Multiple Ground Samples, Multiplex Real-Time PCR, and Multiplex Qualitative PCR for Individual Kernel Detection System of Genetically Modified Maize. J AOAC Int 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/94.5.1540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In many countries, the labeling of grains, feed, and foodstuff is mandatory if the genetically modified (GM) organism content exceeds a certain level of approved GM varieties. We previously developed an individual kernel detection system consisting of grinding individual kernels, DNA extraction from the individually ground kernels, GM detection using multiplex real-time PCR, and GM event detection using multiplex qualitative PCR to analyze the precise commingling level and varieties of GM maize in real sample grains. We performed the interlaboratory study of the DNA extraction with multiple ground samples, multiplex real-time PCR detection, and multiplex qualitative PCR detection to evaluate its applicability, practicality, and ruggedness for the individual kernel detection system of GM maize. DNA extraction with multiple ground samples, multiplex real-time PCR, and multiplex qualitative PCR were evaluated by five laboratories in Japan, and all results from these laboratories were consistent with the expected results in terms of the commingling level and event analysis. Thus, the DNA extraction with multiple ground samples, multiplex real-time PCR, and multiplex qualitative PCR for the individual kernel detection system is applicable and practicable in a laboratory to regulate the commingling level of GM maize grain for GM samples, including stacked GM maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Akiyama
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Kozue Sakata
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Daiki Makiyma
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Kosuke Nakamura
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Reiko Teshima
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Akie Nakashima
- Hiroshima Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environment, 1-6-29 Minami-machi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima
| | - Asako Ogawa
- Yokohama Quarantine Station, Center for Inspection of Imported Foods and Infectious Diseases, 107-8 Nagahama, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0011, Japan
| | - Toru Yamagishi
- Kobe Quarantine Station, Center for Inspection of Imported Foods and Infectious Diseases, 1-1 Toyahama-cho, Hyogo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 652-0866, Japan
| | - Satoshi Futo
- FASMAC Co. Ltd, 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
| | - Taichi Oguchi
- National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Junichi Mano
- National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kitta
- National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
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27
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Mano J, Yanaka Y, Ikezu Y, Onishi M, Futo S, Minegishi Y, Ninomiya K, Yotsuyanagi Y, Spiegelhalter F, Akiyama H, Teshima R, Hino A, Naito S, Koiwa T, Takabatake R, Furui S, Kitta K. Practicable group testing method to evaluate weight/weight GMO content in maize grains. J Agric Food Chem 2011; 59:6856-6863. [PMID: 21604714 DOI: 10.1021/jf200212v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Because of the increasing use of maize hybrids with genetically modified (GM) stacked events, the established and commonly used bulk sample methods for PCR quantification of GM maize in non-GM maize are prone to overestimate the GM organism (GMO) content, compared to the actual weight/weight percentage of GM maize in the grain sample. As an alternative method, we designed and assessed a group testing strategy in which the GMO content is statistically evaluated based on qualitative analyses of multiple small pools, consisting of 20 maize kernels each. This approach enables the GMO content evaluation on a weight/weight basis, irrespective of the presence of stacked-event kernels. To enhance the method's user-friendliness in routine application, we devised an easy-to-use PCR-based qualitative analytical method comprising a sample preparation step in which 20 maize kernels are ground in a lysis buffer and a subsequent PCR assay in which the lysate is directly used as a DNA template. This method was validated in a multilaboratory collaborative trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Mano
- National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
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28
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Abstract
DNA barcoding is a species identification technique, which uses a very short DNA sequence from a region of approximately 650 base-pairs in the 5'-end of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene as a marker to identify species of mammals and fishes. The applicability of DNA barcoding for identification of fish species consumed in Japan was studied. Among thirty-one fresh or processed fishes were obtained from the market, two samples could not be identified due to lack of data in the Barcode of Life Data (BOLD) database. However, BLAST-search of 16S rRNA genes in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database and the PCR-RFLP method published by the Food and Agricultural Materials Inspection Center (FAMIC) were found to be applicable to identify these 2 fishes. The results show that the DNA barcoding technique is potentially useful as a tool for confirming the proper labeling of fish species in the Japanese market.
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Kodama T, Kasahara M, Minegishi Y, Futo S, Sawada C, Watai M, Akiyama H, Teshima R, Kurosawa Y, Furui S, Hino A, Kitta K. Qualitative PCR method for Roundup Ready soybean: interlaboratory study. J AOAC Int 2011; 94:224-31. [PMID: 21391499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative and qualitative methods based on PCR have been developed for genetically modified organisms (GMO). Interlaboratory studies were previously conducted for GMO quantitative methods; in this study, an interlaboratory study was conducted for a qualitative method for a GM soybean, Roundup Ready soy (RR soy), with primer pairs designed for the quantitative method of RR soy studied previously. Fourteen laboratories in Japan participated. Each participant extracted DNA from 1.0 g each of the soy samples containing 0, 0.05, and 0.10% of RR soy, and performed PCR with primer pairs for an internal control gene (Le1) and RR soy followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The PCR product amplified in this PCR system for Le1 was detected from all samples. The sensitivity, specificity, and false-negative and false-positive rates of the method were obtained from the results of RR soy detection. False-negative rates at the level of 0.05 and 0.10% of the RR soy samples were 6.0 and 2.3%, respectively, revealing that the LOD of the method was somewhat below 0.10%. The current study demonstrated that the qualitative method would be practical for monitoring the labeling system of GM soy in kernel lots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kodama
- Food and Agricultural Materials Inspection Center, 2-1 Shintoshin, Chuo-ku, Saitama-shi, Saitama 330-9731, Japan
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30
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Takabatake R, Akiyama H, Sakata K, Onishi M, Koiwa T, Futo S, Minegishi Y, Teshima R, Mano J, Furui S, Kitta K. Development and evaluation of event-specific quantitative PCR method for genetically modified soybean A2704-12. Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi 2011; 52:100-7. [PMID: 21515963 DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.52.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel real-time PCR-based analytical method was developed for the event-specific quantification of a genetically modified (GM) soybean event; A2704-12. During the plant transformation, DNA fragments derived from pUC19 plasmid were integrated in A2704-12, and the region was found to be A2704-12 specific. The pUC19-derived DNA sequences were used as primers for the specific detection of A2704-12. We first tried to construct a standard plasmid for A2704-12 quantification using pUC19. However, non-specific signals appeared with both qualitative and quantitative PCR analyses using the specific primers with pUC19 as a template, and we then constructed a plasmid using pBR322. The conversion factor (C(f)), which is required to calculate the amount of the genetically modified organism (GMO), was experimentally determined with two real-time PCR instruments, the Applied Biosystems 7900HT and the Applied Biosystems 7500. The determined C(f) values were both 0.98. The quantitative method was evaluated by means of blind tests in multi-laboratory trials using the two real-time PCR instruments. The limit of quantitation for the method was estimated to be 0.1%. The trueness and precision were evaluated as the bias and reproducibility of relative standard deviation (RSD(R)), and the determined bias and RSD(R) values for the method were each less than 20%. These results suggest that the developed method would be suitable for practical analyses for the detection and quantification of A2704-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reona Takabatake
- Analytical Science Division, National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
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Takabatake R, Onishi M, Koiwa T, Futo S. Development and evaluation of event-specific quantitative pcr method for genetically modified soybean MON89788. J Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.09.734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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32
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Shimizu E, Futo S, Masubuchi T, Minegishi Y, Kasahara M, Akiyama H, Teshima R, Hino A, Mano J, Furui S, Kitta K. [Selection of suitable polypropylene tubes for DNA testing using real-time PCR]. Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi 2010; 51:43-7. [PMID: 20208409 DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.51.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Polypropylene microtubes (tubes) are generally used for bio-material tests in addition to PCR tests such as genetically modified organism (GMO) testings. However, the choice of suitable tubes is quite important, because it might influence the results: DNA binding and/or elution of chemical substances sometimes occurs. In this study, we established methods to select tubes with the most suitable characteristics for DNA testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Shimizu
- Fasmac Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
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33
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Takabatake R, Onishi M, Koiwa T, Futo S, Minegishi Y, Akiyama H, Teshima R, Furui S, Kitta K. Establishment and evaluation of event-specific quantitative PCR method for genetically modified soybean MON89788. Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi 2010; 51:242-6. [PMID: 21071908 DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.51.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel real-time PCR-based analytical method was established for the event-specific quantification of a GM soybean event MON89788. The conversion factor (C(f)) which is required to calculate the GMO amount was experimentally determined. The quantitative method was evaluated by a single-laboratory analysis and a blind test in a multi-laboratory trial. The limit of quantitation for the method was estimated to be 0.1% or lower. The trueness and precision were evaluated as the bias and reproducibility of the relative standard deviation (RSD(R)), and the determined bias and RSD(R) values for the method were both less than 20%. These results suggest that the established method would be suitable for practical detection and quantification of MON89788.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reona Takabatake
- Analytical Science Division, National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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34
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Oguchi T, Onishi M, Chikagawa Y, Kodama T, Suzuki E, Kasahara M, Akiyama H, Teshima R, Futo S, Hino A, Furui S, Kitta K. Investigation of residual DNAs in sugar from sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi 2009; 50:41-6. [PMID: 19325225 DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.50.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Genetically modified (GM) sugar beets have been bred for use as food and animal feed. To evaluate the applicability of GMO analyses to beet sugar products, we investigated residual DNA in eight sorts of in-process beet sugar samples and commercial beet sugar products. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses with taxon-specific primers indicated that sugar beet DNA was degraded at an early stage of sugar processing, and no PCR amplification was detected from the investigated sugar products because of low DNA recovery and/or PCR inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Oguchi
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, National Food Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058642, Japan
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35
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Mano J, Shigemitsu N, Futo S, Akiyama H, Teshima R, Hino A, Furui S, Kitta K. Real-time PCR array as a universal platform for the detection of genetically modified crops and its application in identifying unapproved genetically modified crops in Japan. J Agric Food Chem 2009; 57:26-37. [PMID: 19072282 DOI: 10.1021/jf802551h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We developed a novel type of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array with TaqMan chemistry as a platform for the comprehensive and semiquantitative detection of genetically modified (GM) crops. Thirty primer-probe sets for the specific detection of GM lines, recombinant DNA (r-DNA) segments, endogenous reference genes, and donor organisms were synthesized, and a 96-well PCR plate was prepared with a different primer-probe in each well as the real-time PCR array. The specificity and sensitivity of the array were evaluated. A comparative analysis with the data and publicly available information on GM crops approved in Japan allowed us to assume the possibility of unapproved GM crop contamination. Furthermore, we designed a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet application, Unapproved GMO Checker version 2.01, which helps process all the data of real-time PCR arrays for the easy assumption of unapproved GM crop contamination. The spreadsheet is available free of charge at http://cse.naro.affrc.go.jp/jmano/index.html .
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Mano
- National Food Research Institute, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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36
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Kodama T, Kuribara H, Minegishi Y, Futo S, Watai M, Sawada C, Watanabe T, Akiyama H, Maitani T, Teshima R, Furui S, Hino A, Kitta K. Evaluation of modified PCR quantitation of genetically modified maize and soybean using reference molecules: interlaboratory study. J AOAC Int 2009; 92:223-33. [PMID: 19382580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based quantitative methods were previously developed and validated for genetically modified (GM) maize or soy. In this study, the quantification step of the validated methods was modified, and an interlaboratory study was conducted. The modification included the introduction of the PCR system SSIIb 3 instead of SSIIb 1 for the detection of the taxon-specific sequence of maize, as well as the adoption of colE1 as a carrier included in a reference plasmid solution as a replacement for salmon testis. The interlaboratory study was conducted with the ABI PRISM 7700 and consisted of 2 separate stages: (1) the measurement of conversion factor (Cf) value, which is the ratio of recombinant DNA (r-DNA) sequence to taxon-specific sequence in each genuine GM seed, and (2) the quantification of blind samples. Additionally, Cf values of other instruments, such as the ABI PRISM 7900 and the ABI PRISM 7000, were measured in a multilaboratory trial. After outlier laboratories were eliminated, the repeatability and reproducibility for 5.0% samples were <15.8 and 20.6%, respectively. The quantitation limits of these methods were 0.5% for Bt11, T25, and MON810, and 0.1% for GA21, Event176, and RR soy. The quantitation limits, trueness, and precision of the current modified methods were equivalent to those of the previous methods. Therefore, it was concluded that the modified methods would be a suitable replacement for the validated methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kodama
- Food and Agricultural Materials Inspection Center, 2-1 Shintoshin, Chuo-ku, Saitama-shi, Saitama 330-9731, Japan
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37
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Shimizu E, Kato H, Nakagawa Y, Kodama T, Futo S, Minegishi Y, Watanabe T, Akiyama H, Teshima R, Furui S, Hino A, Kitta K. Development of a screening method for genetically modified soybean by plasmid-based quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction. J Agric Food Chem 2008; 56:5521-7. [PMID: 18558691 DOI: 10.1021/jf073348n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A novel type of quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction (QC-PCR) system for the detection and quantification of the Roundup Ready soybean (RRS) was developed. This system was designed based on the advantage of a fully validated real-time PCR method used for the quantification of RRS in Japan. A plasmid was constructed as a competitor plasmid for the detection and quantification of genetically modified soy, RRS. The plasmid contained the construct-specific sequence of RRS and the taxon-specific sequence of lectin1 (Le1), and both had 21 bp oligonucleotide insertion in the sequences. The plasmid DNA was used as a reference molecule instead of ground seeds, which enabled us to precisely and stably adjust the copy number of targets. The present study demonstrated that the novel plasmid-based QC-PCR method could be a simple and feasible alternative to the real-time PCR method used for the quantification of genetically modified organism contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Shimizu
- Fasmac Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
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38
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Takada-Iwao A, Uto T, Mukai T, Okada M, Futo S, Shibata I. Evaluation of an Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) using Recombinant Toxin for Detection of Antibodies against Pasteurella multocida Toxin. J Vet Med Sci 2007; 69:581-6. [PMID: 17611352 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.69.581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To facilitate the control of progressive atrophic rhinitis (PAR) of swine caused by toxigenic Pasteurella multocida, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a serum neutralization test (NT) have recently been developed to detect antibodies against the P. multocida dermonecrotic toxin (PmDNT). However, the NT is a cumbersome and time-consuming technique. To overcome these drawbacks, we developed an indirect ELISA, using recombinant PmDNT expressed in Escherichia coli, for the detection of antibodies to PmDNT in serum samples from pigs. The practical usefulness of this ELISA was compared with the NT using serum samples obtained from experimentally infected and naturally infected pigs. In the pigs experimentally inoculated with vaccine including PmDNT toxoid, the ELISA and neutralization antibodies were detected at almost the same time, and a good correlation was demonstrated between both tests (P<0.01, R(2)=0.807). Therefore, the ELISA can be used to evaluate the immune reaction of pigs after vaccination with P. multocida toxoid. In a survey conducted on a field herd with a history of clinical AR, the seropositivity by ELISA in pigs of age 4.5-6 months was increased even though the NT was negative, and the correlation was low between the results obtained with the two tests (P<0.01, R(2)=0.38). Therefore, the results indicated that this ELISA might be a useful alternative to the NT currently used to detect the antibody to PmDNT after vaccination or infection with P. multocida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Takada-Iwao
- Zen-noh Institute of Animal Health, 7 Ohja-machi, Sakura, Chiba 285-0043, Japan
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39
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Onishi M, Matsuoka T, Kodama T, Kashiwaba K, Futo S, Akiyama H, Maitani T, Furui S, Oguchi T, Hino A. Development of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction method for simultaneous detection of eight events of genetically modified maize. J Agric Food Chem 2005; 53:9713-21. [PMID: 16332120 DOI: 10.1021/jf0515476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a novel multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for simultaneous detection of up to eight events of genetically modified (GM) maize within a single reaction. The eight detection primer pairs designed to be construct specific for eight respective GM events (i.e., Bt11, Event176, GA21, MON810, MON863, NK603, T25, and TC1507) and a primer pair for an endogenous reference gene, ssIIb, were included in the nonaplex(9plex) PCR system, and its amplified products could be distinguished by agarose gel and capillary electrophoreses based on their different lengths. The optimal condition enabled us to reliably amplify two fragments corresponding to a construct specific sequence and a taxon specific ssIIb in each of the eight events of GM maize and all of nine fragments in a simulated GM mixture containing as little as 0.25% (w/w) each of eight events of GM maize. These results indicate that this multiplex PCR method could be an effective qualitative detection method for screening GM maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Onishi
- Research and Development Division, Fasmac Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
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40
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Takiya T, Horie Y, Futo S, Matsumoto Y, Kawai K, Suzuki T. Rapid selection of nonhotspot mutants among hisD+ revertants of Salmonella typhimurium TA98 in Ames test by peptide nucleic acid (PNA)-mediated PCR clamping. J Biosci Bioeng 2005; 96:588-90. [PMID: 16233580 DOI: 10.1016/s1389-1723(04)70156-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2003] [Accepted: 09/29/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Ames test is the most popular method of assessing mutagenicity using Salmonella typhimurium as an indicator. Recently, sequence analyses have been introduced for the investigation of mutation mechanisms. Most revertants (>70%) carry 2-bp deletion within an 8-bp CG repeat in hisD (hotspot mutation) in the Ames test using S. typhimurium TA98. We developed a new specific amplification method for nonhotspot mutants by peptide nucleic acid (PNA)-mediated PCR clamping. It markedly reduces the labor and cost of this kind of studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Takiya
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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41
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Ogihara Y, Yamazaki Y, Murai K, Kanno A, Terachi T, Shiina T, Miyashita N, Nasuda S, Nakamura C, Mori N, Takumi S, Murata M, Futo S, Tsunewaki K. Structural dynamics of cereal mitochondrial genomes as revealed by complete nucleotide sequencing of the wheat mitochondrial genome. Nucleic Acids Res 2005; 33:6235-50. [PMID: 16260473 PMCID: PMC1275586 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gki925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of a new gene-based strategy for sequencing the wheat mitochondrial genome shows its structure to be a 452 528 bp circular molecule, and provides nucleotide-level evidence of intra-molecular recombination. Single, reciprocal and double recombinant products, and the nucleotide sequences of the repeats that mediate their formation have been identified. The genome has 55 genes with exons, including 35 protein-coding, 3 rRNA and 17 tRNA genes. Nucleotide sequences of seven wheat genes have been determined here for the first time. Nine genes have an exon-intron structure. Gene amplification responsible for the production of multicopy mitochondrial genes, in general, is species-specific, suggesting the recent origin of these genes. About 16, 17, 15, 3.0 and 0.2% of wheat mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) may be of genic (including introns), open reading frame, repetitive sequence, chloroplast and retro-element origin, respectively. The gene order of the wheat mitochondrial gene map shows little synteny to the rice and maize maps, indicative that thorough gene shuffling occurred during speciation. Almost all unique mtDNA sequences of wheat, as compared with rice and maize mtDNAs, are redundant DNA. Features of the gene-based strategy are discussed, and a mechanistic model of mitochondrial gene amplification is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Koji Murai
- Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural UniversityMatsuoka, Fukui 910-1195, Japan
| | - Akira Kanno
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Tohoku UniversityAoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Toru Terachi
- Faculty of Engineering, Kyoto Sangyo UniversityKita-ku, Kyoto 603-8047, Japan
| | | | - Naohiko Miyashita
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversitySakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shuhei Nasuda
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversitySakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Chiharu Nakamura
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe UniversityNada-ku, Kobe 675-0013, Japan
| | - Naoki Mori
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe UniversityNada-ku, Kobe 675-0013, Japan
| | - Shigeo Takumi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe UniversityNada-ku, Kobe 675-0013, Japan
| | - Minoru Murata
- Research Institute for Bioresources, Okayama UniversityKurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan
| | | | - Koichiro Tsunewaki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversitySakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at 6-14-10 Kasugadai, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2276, Japan. Tel/Fax: +81 078 961 4085;
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42
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Futo S. [Standardization of the detection methods for genetically modified organisms in ISO]. Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi 2005; 46:J193-7. [PMID: 16042302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Futo
- FASMAC Co., Ltd.: 5-1-3, Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
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Li H, Yonekura H, Kim CH, Sakurai S, Yamamoto Y, Takiya T, Futo S, Watanabe T, Yamamoto H. Possible participation of pICln in the regulation of angiogenesis through alternative splicing of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor mRNAs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 11:293-300. [PMID: 15763949 DOI: 10.1080/10623320490904250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the authors applied a modified Antisense Display method to human vascular endothelial cells (ECs) in culture to isolate new angiostatic genes. Screening of a 10mer antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide (oligo) repertoire identified a subpool that consistently stimulated EC growth. Subsequent screening of oligos with increasing chain length led to the isolation of a unique growth-stimulatory 14mer, 5'-TTCCACATCATATT-3'. cDNA/EST data-base search and expression analyses in ECs indicated pICln as the corresponding gene. A longer unique antisense oligo against a different region of pICln mRNA was found to also enhance EC growth and tube formation and to decrease mRNAs for soluble Flt-1 and neuropilin-1 vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors, the angiostatic factors that are generated by alternative RNA splicing. Conversely,pICln overexpression suppressed EC growth and increased the mRNAs for both soluble Flt-1 and soluble neuropilin-1. The present findings thus suggest that pICln plays a role in autocrine regulation of angiogenesis, probably through alternative splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Japan
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44
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Yoshimura T, Kuribara H, Kodama T, Yamata S, Futo S, Watanabe S, Aoki N, Iizuka T, Akiyama H, Maitani T, Naito S, Hino A. Comparative studies of the quantification of genetically modified organisms in foods processed from maize and soy using trial producing. J Agric Food Chem 2005; 53:2060-9. [PMID: 15769136 DOI: 10.1021/jf0483265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Seven types of processed foods, namely, cornstarch, cornmeal, corn puffs, corn chips, tofu, soy milk, and boiled beans, were trial produced from 1 and 5% (w/w) genetically modified (GM) mixed raw materials. In this report, insect resistant maize (MON810) and herbicide tolerant soy (Roundup Ready soy, 40-3-2) were used as representatives of GM maize and soy, respectively. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from the raw materials and the trial-produced processed food using two types of methods, i.e., the silica membrane method and the anion exchange method. The GM% values of these samples were quantified, and the significant differences between the raw materials and the trial-produced processed foods were statistically confirmed. There were some significant differences in the comparisons of all processed foods. However, our quantitative methods could be applied as a screening assay to tofu and soy milk because the differences in GM% between the trial-produced processed foods and their raw materials were lower than 13 and 23%, respectively. In addition, when quantitating with two primer pairs (SSIIb 3, 114 bp; SSIIb 4, 83 bp for maize and Le1n02, 118 bp; Le1n03, 89 bp for soy), which were targeted within the same taxon specific DNA sequence with different amplicon sizes, the ratios of the copy numbers of the two primer pairs (SSIIb 3/4 and Le1n02/03) decreased with time in a heat-treated processing model using an autoclave. In this report, we suggest that the degradation level of DNA in processed foods could be estimated from these ratios, and the probability of GM quantification could be experimentally predicted from the results of the trial producing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Yoshimura
- Analytical Technology Laboratory, Asahi Breweries, Ltd., 1-1-21 Midori, Moriya, Ibaraki 302-0106, Japan
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Watanabe T, Kuribara H, Mishima T, Kikuchi H, Kodama T, Futo S, Kasama K, Toyota A, Nouno M, Saita A, Takahashi K, Hino A, Akiyama H, Maitani T, Kubo M. New qualitative detection methods of genetically modified potatoes. Biol Pharm Bull 2005; 27:1333-9. [PMID: 15340215 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.27.1333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In Japan, 8 lines of genetically modified (GM) potato (2 lines of NewLeaf potato; NL, 3 lines of NewLeaf Plus potato; NLP, and 3 lines of NewLeaf Y potato; NLY) have already been authorized as safe for use in foods and feeds. We have developed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods for the qualitative detection of the GM potatoes for the screening and the identification of NL, NLP and NLY. The gene encoding uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGPase) was used as a taxon specific gene. We designed the primer pair to detect the cryIIIA genes as a screening method for GM potatoes because the gene should be inserted in all 8 lines of the GM potatoes. For identification of NL, NLP and NLY, we further designed three specific primer pairs for the different recombinant DNAs (r-DNA) specifically introduced into NL, NLP, or NLY. In addition, to identify the 3 lines of NLY that have been introduced with the same r-DNA, the three line-specific primer pairs for the border sequence between the r-DNA and genomic DNA of NLY 3 lines were designed. Six lines of GM potato used as the test material were specifically identified using the each primer pair under the same PCR condition. The detection limits of all the GM potatoes should be approximately 0.1%. Furthermore, the specificity and reproducibility of the methods were confirmed in a six-laboratory collaborative study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Watanabe
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan.
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46
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Okada M, Asai T, Futo S, Mori Y, Mukai T, Yazawa S, Uto T, Shibata I, Sato S. Serological diagnosis of enzootic pneumonia of swine by a double-sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a monoclonal antibody and recombinant antigen (P46) of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Vet Microbiol 2005; 105:251-9. [PMID: 15708823 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2004] [Revised: 11/04/2004] [Accepted: 11/15/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
To facilitate the control of enzootic pneumonia (EP) of swine caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the complement fixation (CF) test has been used for the detection of M. hyopneumoniae antibodies. However, the CF test is a cumbersome and time-consuming technique and cross-reactivity are major drawbacks associated with this method. To circumvent these drawbacks, we have developed a double-sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), consisting of purified monoclonal antibody (Mab) against the 46 kDa surface antigen (P46) of M. hyopneumoniae and recombinant P46 protein expressed in Escherichia coli, for the detection of antibodies to M. hyopneumoniae in serum samples from pigs experimentally inoculated with M. hyopneumoniae and from naturally infected pigs, and compared the practical usefulness of ELISA using the CF test. In experimentally inoculated pigs, the CF and ELISA antibodies were detected at almost the same time, and a good correlation was demonstrated between the CF test and the ELISA. In a survey conducted on field samples, the seropositivity by ELISA in pigs of age 2-6 months was increased. At the time of slaughter, approximately 80% of the animals were seropositive for ELISA. However, a gradual decrease in the prevalence of ELISA positive samples was observed in sows with increasing parity. No correlation was seen between the results obtained with the two methods in the clinical samples. The CF test appears to have limited value for the diagnosis of EP in conventional herds because nonspecific reactions were frequently observed. Therefore, this ELISA is a useful alternative to the CF test currently used for the diagnosis of EP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munenori Okada
- Zen-noh Institute of Animal Health, 7 Ohja-machi, Sakura, Chiba 285-0043, Japan.
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47
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Takiya T, Futo S, Tsuna M, Namimatsu T, Sakano T, Kawai K, Suzuki T. Identification of single base-pair mutation on uidA gene of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by Peptide Nucleic Acids (PNA) mediated PCR clamping. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2004; 68:360-8. [PMID: 14981299 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.68.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Peptide Nucleic Acids (PNA) is a new type of DNA analogue with a peptide backbone. We developed a rapid identification system of Escherichia. coli O157:H7 using PNA mediated PCR clamping. Firstly, we confirmed a single nucleotide alteration in the uidA gene (T93G), which is specific to E. coli O157: H7. We designed forward mutant DNA primer, wild type PNA, and a reverse DNA primer corresponding to the uidA sequence. PCR cycle consisted of four steps including dual annealing temperatures, 57 degrees C and 45 degrees C. Among 20 E. coli strains with various serotypes and 4 neighboring strains, the amplified bands (517 bp) were detected only in E. coli O157:H7 strains. PNA has specifically inhibited the PCR amplification from a wild type uidA gene. We successfully developed a multiplex PCR system, which detects both shigatoxin (stx) and uidA genes at once, to get reliable results by easier and rapid operation. We also analyzed kinetic parameters of PNA/DNA association using surface plasmon resonance and melting temperature using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). We discussed a selection mechanism of PCR clamping from these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Takiya
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, Japan
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48
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Kuribara H, Shindo Y, Matsuoka T, Takubo K, Futo S, Aoki N, Hirao T, Akiyama H, Goda Y, Toyoda M, Hino A. Novel reference molecules for quantitation of genetically modified maize and soybean. J AOAC Int 2002; 85:1077-89. [PMID: 12374407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
New quantitation methods based on a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique were developed for 5 lines of genetically modified (GM) maize, including MON810, Event176, Bt11, T25, and GA21, and a GM soy, Roundup Ready. Oligonucleotide DNA, including specific primers and fluorescent dye-labeled probes, were designed for PCRs. Two plasmids were constructed as reference molecules (RMs) for the detection of GM maize and GM soy. The molecules contain the DNA sequences of a specific region found in each GM line, universal sequences used in various GM lines, such as cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter and nopaline synthase terminator, and the endogenous DNA sequences of maize or soy. By using these plasmids, no GM maize and GM soy were required as reference materials for the qualitative and quantitative PCR technique. Test samples containing 0, 0.10, 0.50, 1.0, 5.0, and 10% GM maize or GM soy were quantitated. At the 5.0% level, the bias (mean-true value) ranged from 2.8 to 19.4% and the relative standard deviation was <5.2%. These results show that our method involving the use of these plasmids as RMs is reliable and practical for quantitation of GM maize and GM soy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Kuribara
- Center for Food Quality, Labeling and Consumer Services, Saitama, Saitama, Japan
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Shindo Y, Kuribara H, Matsuoka T, Futo S, Sawada C, Shono J, Akiyama H, Goda Y, Toyoda M, Hino A. Validation of real-time PCR analyses for line-specific quantitation of genetically modified maize and soybean using new reference molecules. J AOAC Int 2002; 85:1119-26. [PMID: 12374412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Novel analytical methods based on real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions by use of new reference molecules were validated in interlaboratory studies for the quantitation of genetically modified (GM) maize and soy. More than 13 laboratories from Japan, Korea, and the United States participated in the studies. The interlaboratory studies included 2 separate stages: (1) measurement tests of coefficient values, the ratio of recombinant DNA (r-DNA) sequence, and endogenous DNA sequence in the seeds of GM maize and GM soy; and (2) blind tests with 6 pairs of maize and soy samples, including different levels of GM maize or GM soy. Test results showed that the methods are applicable to the specific quantitation of the 5 lines of GM maize and one line of GM soy. After statistical treatment to remove outliers, the repeatability and reproducibility of these methods at a level of 5.0% were <13.7 and 15.9%, respectively. The quantitation limits of the methods were 0.50% for Bt11, T25, and MON810, and 0.10% for GA21, Event176, and Roundup Ready soy. The results of blind tests showed that the numerical information obtained from these methods will contribute to practical analyses for labeling systems of GM crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Shindo
- Fundamental Research Laboratory, Asahi Breweries Ltd., Kitasoma-gun, Ibaraki, Japan
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50
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Futo S. [PCR testing for food allergens in food products]. Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi 2002; 43:J280-2. [PMID: 12436732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Futo
- FASMAC Co., Ltd.: 5-1-3, Midorigaoka, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0041, Japan
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