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Wang F, Sun H, Kang C, Yan J, Chen J, Feng X, Yang B. Genomic island-encoded regulatory proteins in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7. Virulence 2024; 15:2313407. [PMID: 38357901 PMCID: PMC10877973 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2313407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is an important zoonotic pathogen that is a major cause of foodborne diseases in most developed and developing countries and can cause uncomplicated diarrhoea, haemorrhagic colitis, and haemolytic uraemic syndrome. O islands (OIs), which are unique genomic islands in EHEC O157:H7, are composed of 177 isolated genomic features and harbour 26% of the total genes that are absent in the non-pathogenic E. coli K-12 genome. In the last twenty years, many OI-encoded proteins have been characterized, including proteins regulating virulence, motility, and acid resistance. Given the critical role of regulatory proteins in the systematic and hierarchical regulation of bacterial biological processes, this review summarizes the OI-encoded regulatory proteins in EHEC O157:H7 characterized to date, emphasizing OI-encoded regulatory proteins for bacterial virulence, motility, and acid resistance. This summary will be significant for further exploration and understanding of the virulence and pathogenesis of EHEC O157:H7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongmin Sun
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenbo Kang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Yan
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingnan Chen
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuequan Feng
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Yang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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2
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Gill A, McMahon T, Ferrato C, Chui L. Survival of O157 and non-O157 shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in Korean style kimchi. Food Microbiol 2024; 121:104526. [PMID: 38637088 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2024.104526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Korean style kimchi contaminated with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7 was the cause of an outbreak in Canada from December 2021 to January 2022. To determine if this STEC O157:H7 has greater potential for survival in kimchi than other STEC, the outbreak strain and six other STEC strains (O26:H11, O91:H21, O103:H2, O121:H19, and two O157:H7) were inoculated individually at 6 to 6.5 log CFU/g into commercially sourced kimchi and incubation at 4 °C. At intervals of seven days inoculated and control kimchi was plated onto MacConkey agar to enumerate lactose utilising bacteria. The colony counts were interpreted as enumerating the inoculated STEC, since no colonies were observed on MacConkey agar plated with uninoculated kimchi. Over eight weeks of incubation the pH was stable at 4.10 to 4.05 and the STEC strains declined by 0.7-1.0 log, with a median reduction of 0.9 log. The linear rate of reduction of kimchi outbreak STEC O157:H7 was -0.4 log per 30 days (Slope Uncertainty 0.05), which was not significantly different from the other O157 and nonO157 STEC strains (P = 0.091). These results indicate that the outbreak was not due to the presence of strain better adapted to survival in kimchi than other STEC, and that STEC can persist in refrigerated Korean style kimchi with a minimal decline over the shelf-life of the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gill
- Health Canada/Santé Canada, Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Tanis McMahon
- Health Canada/Santé Canada, Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christina Ferrato
- Alberta Precision Laboratories: Provincial Laboratory for Public Health, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Linda Chui
- Alberta Precision Laboratories: Provincial Laboratory for Public Health, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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3
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Han X, Song D, Xu W, Lu L, Zhu A, Long F. CRISPR/Cas12a powered air-displacement enhanced evanescent wave fluorescence fiber-embedded microfluidic biochip for nucleic acid amplification-free detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7. J Hazard Mater 2024; 469:134037. [PMID: 38521032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Simple yet ultrasensitive and contamination-free quantification of environmental pathogenic bacteria is in high demand. In this study, we present a portable clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 12a (CRISPR/Cas12a) powered Air-displacement enhanced Evanescent wave fluorescence Fiber-embedded microfluidic Biochip (AEFB) for the high-frequency and nucleic acid amplification-free ultrasensitive detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7. The performance of AEFB was dramatically enhanced upon employing a simple air-solution displacement process. Theoretical assays demonstrated that air-solution displacement significantly enhances evanescent wave field intensity on the fiber biosensor surface and increases the V-number in tapered fiber biosensors. Consequently, light-matter interaction is strengthened, and fluorescence coupling and collection efficiency are improved, considerably enhancing sensitivity. By integrating the CRISPR biosensing mechanism, AEFB facilitated rapid, accurate, nucleic acid amplification-free detection of E.coli O157:H7 with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-level sensitivity (176 cfu/mL). To validate its practicality, AEFB was used to detect E.coli O157:H7 in surface water and wastewater. Comparison with RT-PCR showed a strong linear relationship (R2 = 0.9871), indicating the excellent accuracy and reliability of this technology in real applications. AEFB is highly versatile and can be easily extended to detect other pathogenic bacteria, which will significantly promote the high-frequency assessment and early-warning of bacterial contamination in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhi Han
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Dan Song
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Laiya Lu
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China; State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Anna Zhu
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China; State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Feng Long
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
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4
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Gu G, Ding Q, Redding M, Yang Y, O'Brien R, Gu T, Zhang B, Zhou B, Micallef SA, Luo Y, Fonseca JM, Nou X. Differential microbiota shift on whole romaine lettuce subjected to source or forward processing and on fresh-cut products during cold storage. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 416:110665. [PMID: 38457887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Romaine lettuce in the U.S. is primarily grown in California or Arizona and either processed near the growing regions (source processing) or transported long distance for processing in facilities serving distant markets (forward processing). Recurring outbreaks of Escherichia coli O157:H7 implicating romaine lettuce in recent years, which sometimes exhibited patterns of case clustering in Northeast and Midwest, have raised industry concerns over the potential impact of forward processing on romaine lettuce food safety and quality. In this study, freshly harvested romaine lettuce from a commercial field destined for both forward and source processing channels was tracked from farm to processing facility in two separate trials. Whole-head romaine lettuce and packaged fresh-cut products were collected from both forward and source facilities for microbiological and product quality analyses. High-throughput amplicon sequencing targeting16S rRNA gene was performed to describe shifts in lettuce microbiota. Total aerobic bacteria and coliform counts on whole-head lettuce and on fresh-cut lettuce at different storage times were significantly (p < 0.05) higher for those from the forward processing facility than those from the source processing facility. Microbiota on whole-head lettuce and on fresh-cut lettuce showed differential shifting after lettuce being subjected to source or forward processing, and after product storage. Consistent with the length of pre-processing delays between harvest and processing, the lettuce quality scores of source-processed romaine lettuce, especially at late stages of 2-week storage, was significantly higher than of forward-processed product (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganyu Gu
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States of America
| | - Qiao Ding
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States of America
| | - Marina Redding
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States of America
| | - Yishan Yang
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States of America
| | - Regina O'Brien
- Food Quality Laboratory, USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States of America
| | - Tingting Gu
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States of America
| | - Boce Zhang
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States of America
| | - Bin Zhou
- Food Quality Laboratory, USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States of America
| | - Shirley A Micallef
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States of America; Centre for Food Safety and Security Systems, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States of America
| | - Yaguang Luo
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States of America; Food Quality Laboratory, USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States of America
| | - Jorge M Fonseca
- Food Quality Laboratory, USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States of America
| | - Xiangwu Nou
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States of America.
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Pang L, Wang L, Liang Y, Wang Z, Zhang W, Zhao Q, Yang X, Jiang Y. G-triplex/hemin DNAzyme mediated colorimetric aptasensor for Escherichia coli O157:H7 detection based on exonuclease III-assisted amplification and aptamers-functionalized magnetic beads. Talanta 2024; 269:125457. [PMID: 38039678 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Escherichia coli O157: H7 (E. coli O157: H7) is one of the most common foodborne pathogens and is widespread in food and the environment. Thus, it is significant for rapidly detecting E. coli O157: H7. In this study, a colorimetric aptasensor based on aptamer-functionalized magnetic beads, exonuclease III (Exo III), and G-triplex/hemin was proposed for the detection of E. coli O157: H7. The functional hairpin HP was designed in the system, which includes two parts of a stem containing the G-triplex sequence and a tail complementary to cDNA. E. coli O157: H7 competed to bind the aptamer (Apt) in the Apt-cDNA complex to obtain cDNA. The cDNA then bound to the tail of HP to trigger Exo III digestion and release the single-stranded DNA containing the G-triplex sequence. G-triplex/hemin DNAzyme could catalyze TMB to produce visible color changes and detectable absorbance signals in the presence of H2O2. Based on the optimal conditions, E. coli O157: H7 could be detected down to 1.3 × 103 CFU/mL, with a wide linear range from 1.3 × 103 to 1.3 × 107 CFU/mL. This method had a distinguished ability to non-target bacteria, which showed good specificity. In addition, the system was successfully applied to detect E. coli O157: H7 in milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Pang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Ling'e Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yaqi Liang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zhenghui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Qianyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xinyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Yujun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Xiao Y, Luo S, Qiu J, Zhang Y, Liu W, Zhao Y, Zhu Y, Deng Y, Lu M, Liu S, Lin Y, Huang A, Wang W, Hu X, Gu B. Highly sensitive SERS platform for pathogen analysis by cyclic DNA nanostructure@AuNP tags and cascade primer exchange reaction. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:75. [PMID: 38408974 PMCID: PMC10895721 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02339-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The capacity to identify small amounts of pathogens in real samples is extremely useful. Herein, we proposed a sensitive platform for detecting pathogens using cyclic DNA nanostructure@AuNP tags (CDNA) and a cascade primer exchange reaction (cPER). This platform employs wheat germ agglutinin-modified Fe3O4@Au magnetic nanoparticles (WMRs) to bind the E. coli O157:H7, and then triggers the cPER to generate branched DNA products for CDNA tag hybridization with high stability and amplified SERS signals. It can identify target pathogens as low as 1.91 CFU/mL and discriminate E. coli O157:H7 in complex samples such as water, milk, and serum, demonstrating comparable or greater sensitivity and accuracy than traditional qPCR. Moreover, the developed platform can detect low levels of E. coli O157:H7 in mouse serum, allowing the discrimination of mice with early-stage infection. Thus, this platform holds promise for food analysis and early infection diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunju Xiao
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihua Luo
- Center for Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Research, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, 533000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research on Clinical Molecular Diagnosis for High Incidence Diseases in Western Guangxi of Guangxi Higher Education Institutions, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, 533000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiuxiang Qiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijiang Liu
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhu Zhao
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - YiTong Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangxi Deng
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengdi Lu
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Suling Liu
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Lin
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiwei Huang
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuejiao Hu
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bing Gu
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Oh M, Cevallos-Urena A, Kim BS. Bacteriophages PECP14, PECP20, and their endolysins as effective biocontrol agents for Escherichia coli O157:H7 and other foodborne pathogens. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 409:110460. [PMID: 37925886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a notorious foodborne pathogen known to cause severe illnesses such as hemolytic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome, with fresh produce consumption being implicated in recent outbreaks. The inappropriate use of antimicrobials to combat pathogens has led to the emergence and rapid dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms including pathogenic E. coli, presenting a significant risk to humans. Here, we isolated two E. coli O157:H7 infecting bacteriophages, PECP14 and PECP20, from irrigation water and city sewage, respectively, as alternatives to antimicrobials. Both phages were stable for at least 16 h in a broad range of pH (pH 3-11) and temperature (4-40 °C) conditions and have a double-stranded DNA chromosome. PECP14 and PECP20, classified under the Epseptimavirus and Mosigvirus genera, respectively, exhibit specificity in targeting different host receptors, BtuB protein and lipopolysaccharide. Interestingly, these phages demonstrate the ability to infect not only E. coli O157:H7 but also other foodborne enteric pathogens like Shigella sonnei and S. flexneri. Upon mixing phages with their respective host bacteria, rapid adsorption (at least 68 % adsorption within 10 min) and substantial bacterial lysis were observed. The efficacy of phage treatment was further validated through the reduction of E. coli O157:H7 on radish sprouts. Moreover, purified endolysins, LysPECP14 and LysPECP20, derived from each phage exhibited remarkable bacteriolytic activity against E. coli O157:H7 cells pretreated with EDTA. In particular, the activity of LysPECP20 was also noticeable against Listeria monocytogenes and Bacillus cereus, suggesting its potential for broader antimicrobial applications in food industry. The combined results showed that the phages PECP14, PECP20, and their endolysins could be used for biological control of E. coli O157:H7 in various circumstances, from production, harvesting, and storage stages to processing and distribution steps of agricultural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjin Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, ELTEC College of Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Ana Cevallos-Urena
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, ELTEC College of Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Sik Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, ELTEC College of Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
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Li L, Han K, Mao X, Wang L, Cao Y, Li Z, Wu Y, Tan Y, Shi Y, Zhang L, Liu H, Li Y, Peng H, Li X, Hu C, Wang X. Oral phages prophylaxis against mixed Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium infections in weaned piglets. Vet Microbiol 2024; 288:109923. [PMID: 38061277 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium are the main pathogens of diarrhea in weaned piglets. The prevention of bacterial diarrhea in weaned piglets by phage is rarely reported. We conducted this study to evaluate the preventive effect of phages on mixed Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium infections in weaned piglets. A novel phage named NJ12 was isolated by using Salmonella Typhimurium SM022 as host bacteria and characterized by electron microscopy, genomic analysis and in vitro bacteriostatic activity. Phage NJ12 and a previously reported phage EP01 were microencapsulated with sodium alginate to make phage cocktail. Microencapsulated phage cocktail and PBS (Phosphate buffer solution) were used to piglets the phage and phage-free group through oral administration before bacterial infection 2 h, respectively. Piglets of the phage and phage-free group were consumed with feed contaminated with 6 mL (108CFU/mL) Escherichia coli O157:H7 GN07 (GXEC-N07) and 6 mL (108CFU/mL) SM022 every day for seven consecutive days. The results showed that piglets in the phage-free group had more severe diarrhea, larger decreased average weight gain and higher levels of neutrophils compared with piglets in phage group. Meanwhile, piglets in the phage-free group had higher load of SM022 and GN07 in jejunal tissue and more severe intestinal damage compared with piglets in group phage in vivo. In addition, oral administration phage can significant decreased the relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae but hardly repaired the changes of diversity and composition of gut microbiota caused by the mixed infection of SM022 and GN07. This implies that phage used as a feed additive have a marvelous preventive effect on bacterial diarrhea during weaning of piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention and Control, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding and Disease Prevention and Control, China
| | - Kaiou Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention and Control, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding and Disease Prevention and Control, China
| | - Xinyu Mao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention and Control, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding and Disease Prevention and Control, China
| | - Leping Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention and Control, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding and Disease Prevention and Control, China
| | - Yajie Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention and Control, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding and Disease Prevention and Control, China
| | - Ziyong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention and Control, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding and Disease Prevention and Control, China
| | - Yuxing Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention and Control, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding and Disease Prevention and Control, China
| | - Yizhou Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention and Control, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding and Disease Prevention and Control, China
| | - Yan Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention and Control, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding and Disease Prevention and Control, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention and Control, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding and Disease Prevention and Control, China
| | - Yinan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention and Control, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding and Disease Prevention and Control, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding and Disease Prevention and Control, China
| | - Xun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention and Control, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding and Disease Prevention and Control, China
| | - Chuanhuo Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention and Control, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding and Disease Prevention and Control, China
| | - Xiaoye Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention and Control, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding and Disease Prevention and Control, China.
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9
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Naidoo N, Zishiri OT. Comparative genomics analysis and characterization of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains reveal virulence genes, resistance genes, prophages and plasmids. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:791. [PMID: 38124028 PMCID: PMC10731853 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09902-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a foodborne pathogen that has been linked to global disease outbreaks. These diseases include hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. It is vital to know the features that make this strain pathogenic to understand the development of disease outbreaks. In the current study, a comparative genomic analysis was carried out to determine the presence of structural and functional features of O157:H7 strains obtained from 115 National Center for Biotechnology Information database. These strains of interest were analysed in the following programs: BLAST Ring Image Generator, PlasmidFinder, ResFinder, VirulenceFinder, IslandViewer 4 and PHASTER. Five strains (ECP19-198, ECP19-798, F7508, F8952, H2495) demonstrated a great homology with Sakai because of a few regions missing. Five resistant genes were identified, however, Macrolide-associated resistance gene mdf(A) was commonly found in all genomes. Majority of the strains (97%) were positive for 15 of the virulent genes (espA, espB, espF, espJ, gad, chuA, eae, iss, nleA, nleB, nleC, ompT, tccP, terC and tir). The plasmid analysis demonstrated that the IncF group was the most prevalent in the strains analysed. The prophage and genomic island analysis showed a distribution of bacteriophages and genomic islands respectively. The results indicated that structural and functional features of the many O157:H7 strains differ and may be a result of obtaining mobile genetic elements via horizontal gene transfer. Understanding the evolution of O157:H7 strains pathogenicity in terms of their structural and functional features will enable the development of detection and control of transmission strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Naidoo
- School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
| | - Oliver T Zishiri
- School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
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10
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Li Y, Zhang X, Liao Y, Shi C, Wang Y, Mu X, Xie Y, Ma C. Engineering of a Chimeric Template Triggers RNase H-Based Isothermal Amplification Approach for Sensitive Detection of Pathogen RNA. Anal Chem 2023; 95:18249-18257. [PMID: 38041626 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
RNA-based detection of pathogenic organisms is an emerging field of research that is crucial for disease diagnosis and environmental and food safety. By rationally engineering an RNA-DNA tandem (RDT) structural template, we proposed a novel RNase H-based isothermal exponential amplification (RH-IEA) reaction to rapidly identify long-stranded RNA. In this strategy, the rigid and compact RDT template selectively recognized the target RNA and formed a stable hybrid with it. Upon site-specific cleavage of RNase H, the 3' overhang of the target RNA was cut off, and a free hydroxyl end at the hydrolysis site was generated to trigger an exponential amplification reaction (EXPAR). This method maintained the high efficiency and rapid amplification kinetics of EXPAR. As a result, the RH-IEA strategy was able to sensitively and specifically detect the characteristic sequence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 RNA, with a detection sensitivity of 1 fg/μL. Besides, the RDT template can be used as an RNA protector to prevent specific segments of the target RNA from being degraded by RNase enzymes, allowing the sample to be stored at room temperature for a long time. With this advantage, the practicality of RH-IEA will be more flexible than the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. It was successfully applied in the identification of E. coli O157:H7 in milk with a minimum detection concentration of 1.0 × 102 CFU/mL. Therefore, the RH-IEA method will serve as a powerful tool for detecting long-stranded RNA and will also shed light on the pathogen detection in food safety and molecular diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection, Sino-UAE International Cooperative Joint Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganism Rapid Detection, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection, Sino-UAE International Cooperative Joint Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganism Rapid Detection, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yu Liao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection, Sino-UAE International Cooperative Joint Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganism Rapid Detection, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Chao Shi
- Qingdao Navid Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Qingdao JianMa Gene Technology Co., Ltd, Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Testing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xiaofeng Mu
- Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yingqiu Xie
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Cuiping Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Rapid Detection, Sino-UAE International Cooperative Joint Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganism Rapid Detection, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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11
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Thai DA, Park SK, Lee NY. A paper-embedded thermoplastic microdevice integrating additive-enhanced allele-specific amplification and silver nanoparticle-based colorimetric detection for point-of-care testing. Lab Chip 2023; 23:5081-5091. [PMID: 37929914 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00739a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
This study introduces a thermoplastic microdevice integrated with additive-enhanced allele-specific amplification and hydrazine-induced silver nanoparticle-based detection of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and opportunistic pathogens. For point-of-care testing of SNP, an allele-specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification reaction using nucleotide-mismatched primers and molecular additives was evaluated to discriminate single-nucleotide differences in the samples. The microdevice consists of purification and reaction units that enable DNA purification, amplification, and detection in a sequential manner. The purification unit enables the silica-based preparation of samples using an embedded glass fiber membrane. Hydrazine-induced silver nanoparticle formation was employed for endpoint colorimetric detection of amplicons within three min at room temperature. The versatile applicability of the microdevice was demonstrated by the successful identification of SNPs related to sickle cell anemia, genetically-induced hair loss, and Enterococcus faecium. The microdevice exhibited a detection limit of 103 copies per μL of SNP targets in serum and 102 CFU mL-1 of Enterococcus faecium in tap water within 70 min. The proposed microdevice is a promising and versatile platform for point-of-care nucleic acid testing of different samples in low-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc Anh Thai
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Korea.
| | - Seung Kyun Park
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Korea.
| | - Nae Yoon Lee
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Korea.
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12
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Zhang K, Chen J, Liang L, Wang Z, Xiong Q, Yu H, Du H. Lcn2 deficiency accelerates the infection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by disrupting the intestinal barrier function. Microb Pathog 2023; 185:106435. [PMID: 37931825 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infections result in intestinal inflammation and injury, which affects gut health and nutrient absorption. Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) is a protein that reacts to microbial invasion, inflammatory responses, and tissue damage. However, it remains unclear whether Lcn2 has a protective effect against bacterial induced intestinal inflammation. Therefore, this study endeavors to investigate the involvement of Lcn2 in the intestinal inflammation of mice infected with Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7). Lcn2 knockout (Lcn2-/-) mice were used to evaluate the changes of inflammatory responses. Lcn2 deficiency significantly exacerbated clinical symptoms of E. coli O157:H7 infection by reducing body weight and encouraging bacterial colonization of. Compared to infected wild type mice, infected Lcn2-/- mice had significantly elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum and ileum, including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), as well as severe villi destruction in the jejunum. Furthermore, Lcn2 deficiency aggravated intestinal barrier degradation by significantly reducing the expression of tight junction proteins occludin and claudin 1, the content of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the ileum, and the number of goblet cells in the colon. Our findings indicated that Lcn2 could alleviate inflammatory damage caused by E. coli O157:H7 infection in mice by enhancing intestinal barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Liang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huahua Du
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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13
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Wang L, Bai X, Ylinen E, Zhang J, Saxén H, Matussek A. Genetic Characterization of Intimin Gene ( eae) in Clinical Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains from Pediatric Patients in Finland. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:669. [PMID: 38133173 PMCID: PMC10748226 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15120669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections cause outbreaks of severe disease in children ranging from bloody diarrhea to hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). The adherent factor intimin, encoded by eae, can facilitate the colonization process of strains and is frequently associated with severe disease. The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze the prevalence and polymorphisms of eae in clinical STEC strains from pediatric patients under 17 years old with and without HUS, and to assess the pathogenic risk of different eae subtypes. We studied 240 STEC strains isolated from pediatric patients in Finland with whole genome sequencing. The gene eae was present in 209 (87.1%) strains, among which 49 (23.4%) were from patients with HUS, and 160 (76.6%) were from patients without HUS. O157:H7 (126, 60.3%) was the most predominant serotype among eae-positive STEC strains. Twenty-three different eae genotypes were identified, which were categorized into five eae subtypes, i.e., γ1, β3, ε1, θ and ζ3. The subtype eae-γ1 was significantly overrepresented in strains from patients aged 5-17 years, while β3 and ε1 were more commonly found in strains from patients under 5 years. All O157:H7 strains carried eae-γ1; among non-O157 strains, strains of each serotype harbored one eae subtype. No association was observed between the presence of eae/its subtypes and HUS. However, the combination of eae-γ1+stx2a was significantly associated with HUS. In conclusion, this study demonstrated a high occurrence and genetic variety of eae in clinical STEC from pediatric patients under 17 years old in Finland, and that eae is not essential for STEC-associated HUS. However, the combination of certain eae subtypes with stx subtypes, i.e., eae-γ1+stx2a, may be used as risk predictors for the development of severe disease in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway; (L.W.); (X.B.)
- Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Xiangning Bai
- Department of Microbiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway; (L.W.); (X.B.)
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisa Ylinen
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Transplantation, New Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland; (E.Y.); (H.S.)
| | - Ji Zhang
- Fonterra Research and Development Centre, Dairy Farm Road, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
| | - Harri Saxén
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Transplantation, New Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland; (E.Y.); (H.S.)
| | - Andreas Matussek
- Department of Microbiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway; (L.W.); (X.B.)
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Liu B, Jiang L, Liu Y, Sun H, Yan J, Kang C, Yang B. Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli utilizes host- and microbiota-derived L-malate as a signaling molecule for intestinal colonization. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7227. [PMID: 37945607 PMCID: PMC10636207 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43149-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian gastrointestinal tract is a complex environment that hosts a diverse microbial community. To establish infection, bacterial pathogens must be able to compete with the indigenous microbiota for nutrients, as well as sense the host environment and modulate the expression of genes essential for colonization and virulence. Here, we found that enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 imports host- and microbiota-derived L-malate using the DcuABC transporters and converts these substrates into fumarate to fuel anaerobic fumarate respiration during infection, thereby promoting its colonization of the host intestine. Moreover, L-malate is important not only for nutrient metabolism but also as a signaling molecule that activates virulence gene expression in EHEC O157:H7. The complete virulence-regulating pathway was elucidated; the DcuS/DcuR two-component system senses high L-malate levels and transduces the signal to the master virulence regulator Ler, which in turn activates locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) genes to promote EHEC O157:H7 adherence to epithelial cells of the large intestine. Disruption of this virulence-regulating pathway by deleting either dcuS or dcuR significantly reduced colonization by EHEC O157:H7 in the infant rabbit intestinal tract; therefore, targeting these genes and altering physiological aspects of the intestinal environment may offer alternatives for EHEC infection treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Lingyan Jiang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yutao Liu
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Hongmin Sun
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yan
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Chenbo Kang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Bin Yang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China.
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China.
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15
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Ge R, Zhang SM, Dai HJ, Wei J, Jiao TH, Chen QM, Chen QS, Chen XM. G-Quadruplex/Hemin-Mediated Polarity-Switchable and Photocurrent-Amplified System for Escherichia coli O157:H7 Detection. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:16807-16814. [PMID: 37879039 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of food by pathogens is a serious problem in global food safety, and current methods of detection are costly, time-consuming, and cumbersome. Therefore, it is necessary to develop rapid, portable, and sensitive assays for foodborne pathogens. In addition, assays for foodborne pathogens must be resistant to interference resulting from the complex food matrix to prevent false positives and negatives. In this study, hemin and reduced graphene oxide-MoS2 sheets (GMS) were used to design a near-infrared (NIR)-responsive photoelectrochemical (PEC) aptasensor with target-induced photocurrent polarity switching based on a hairpin aptamer (Hp) with a G-quadruplex motif. A ready-to-use analytical device was developed by immobilizing GMS on the surface of a commercial screen-printed electrode, followed by the attachment of the aptamer. In the presence of Escherichia coli O157:H7, the binding sites of Hp with the G-quadruplex motif were opened and exposed to hemin, leading to the formation of a G-quadruplex/hemin DNAzyme. Crucially, after binding to hemin, the charge transfer pathway of GMS changes, resulting in a switch of the photocurrent polarity. Further, G-quadruplex/hemin DNAzyme enhanced the cathodic photocurrent, and the proposed sensor exhibited a wide linear range ((25.0-1.0) × 107 CFU/mL), a low limit of detection (2.0 CFU/mL), and good anti-interference performance. These findings expand the applications of NIR-responsive PEC materials and provide versatile PEC methods for detecting biological analytes, especially for food safety testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ge
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Shu-Min Zhang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Han-Jie Dai
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jie Wei
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Tian-Hui Jiao
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Qing-Min Chen
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Quan-Sheng Chen
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Chen
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
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16
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Hu S, Liu Y, Liu L, Yu Z, Gan N. Femtomolar endogenous adenosine triphosphate-responded photoelectrochemical biosensor based on Au@Cu 2O core-shell nanocubes for the ultrasensitive determination of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in foods. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1280:341868. [PMID: 37858568 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive and precise determination of virulent foodborne pathogens is significant for food safety. Herein, an ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical (PEC) bioanalysis was developed using the endogenous adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-responded Au@Cu2O core-shell nanocubes (Au@Cu2O NCs) to measure Escherichia coli O157: H7 (E. coli O157:H7) in food. Briefly, the phage-functionalized gold wire was used to specifically recognize the target pathogen. With the bacteriolysis of lysozyme, the endogenous ATP molecules were emitted from the captured target bacteria and enriched by another ATP aptamer-modified gold wire. Following the exchange with complementary DNA (cDNA) chains, the bonded ATP would be released. It could simultaneously etch the Au@Cu2O NCs and compete with external circuit electrons to combine photogenerated holes on the Au@Cu2O NCs-modified screen-printed electrode. With the synergy of the two signal amplification mechanisms, a significant attenuation of photocurrent signal appeared even with femtomolar ATP. Therefore, the purpose of ultrasensitive determination of E. coli O157:H7 was realized, which depended on the endogenous ATP rather than exogenous signal probes. The proposed biosensor presented a good analysis performance within 10-106 CFU/mL with a detection limit of 5 CFU/mL. Besides, its specificity, repeatability, and stability were also investigated and acceptable. The detection results for food samples matched well with the results detected by the plate counting method. This work gives an innovative and sensitive signal amplification strategy for PEC bioassays in foodborne pathogens detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Yuting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Liu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Zhenzhong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Ning Gan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
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17
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Wang Z, Cui X, Hu A, Lu Z, Meng F, Zhou L, Bie X. Establishment of real-time fluorescence and visual LAMP for rapid detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and kits construction. Lett Appl Microbiol 2023; 76:ovad122. [PMID: 37863833 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovad122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a common pathogenic bacterium in food and water that can pose a threat to human health. The aim of this study was to develop loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method for the detection of E. coli O157:H7 in food based on the specific gene Ecs_2840 and to construct rapid detection kits based on the established methods. Specifically, we established two methods of real-time fluorescent LAMP (RT-LAMP) and visual LAMP with calcein as an indicator. In pure bacterial culture, the cell sensitivity and genomic sensitivity of the RT-LAMP kit were 8.8 × 100 CFU ml-1 and 4.61 fg µl-1, respectively. The sensitivity of the visual LAMP kit was 2.35 × 100 CFU ml-1 and 4.61 fg µl-1. Both kits had excellent specificity and anti-interference performance. In addition, milk inoculated with 2.26 × 100 CFU ml-1E. coli O157:H7 could be detected within the reaction time after enrichment for 3 h. The results showed that the LAMP kits were rapid, sensitive, and specific for the detection of E. coli O157:H7 in food and had good application prospects in food safety surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuwei Wang
- Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinping Cui
- Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Antuo Hu
- Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxin Lu
- Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanqiang Meng
- Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Libang Zhou
- Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Bie
- Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
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Gonzales BL, Andrade DA, Valdivia CA, Ho-Palma AC, Munguia A, Yucra D, Escobedo M, Crotta M, Limon G, Gonzalez A, Guitian J, Gonzales-Gustavson E. Detection and Isolation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Beef from Food Markets and Fecal Samples of Dairy Calves in the Peruvian Central Highlands. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2023; 109:568-570. [PMID: 37487566 PMCID: PMC10484278 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7 is a food and waterborne pathogen with severe public health implications. We report the first-time isolation of this pathogen in the Central Highlands of Peru through standardized culture procedures and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Escherichia coli strains were cultured from rectal-anal swabs from dairy calves and beef from food markets. The latex agglutination test was used to detect O157 and H7 antigens, and multiplex real-time PCR was carried out to detect virulence-related genes. The STEC O157:H7 strains were isolated from 3.5% (1/28) of beef samples and from 6.0% (3/50) of dairy calves that also carried both eaeA and stx1 genes. Therefore, this pathogen is a potential cause of food/waterborne disease in the region, and its surveillance in both livestock and their products should be improved to characterize the impact of its zoonotic transmission. From 2010 to 2020, E. coli was suspected in 10 outbreaks reported to the Peruvian Ministry of Health. Isolates from future outbreaks should be characterized to assess the burden posed by STEC O157:H7 in Peru.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda L. Gonzales
- Department of Animal and Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
- Tropical and Highlands Veterinary Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Jauja, Peru
| | - Daniel A. Andrade
- Department of Animal and Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
- Tropical and Highlands Veterinary Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Jauja, Peru
| | - Cesar A. Valdivia
- Department of Animal and Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
- Tropical and Highlands Veterinary Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Jauja, Peru
| | - Ana C. Ho-Palma
- Department of Human Medicine, School of Human Medicine, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Peru
| | - Astrid Munguia
- Department of Animal and Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Dora Yucra
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Universidad Nacional Micaela Bastidas de Apurímac, Abancay, Peru
| | - Max Escobedo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Universidad Nacional Micaela Bastidas de Apurímac, Abancay, Peru
| | - Matteo Crotta
- Veterinary Epidemiology, Economics and Public Health Group, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Georgina Limon
- Veterinary Epidemiology, Economics and Public Health Group, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Armando Gonzalez
- Department of Animal and Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Javier Guitian
- Veterinary Epidemiology, Economics and Public Health Group, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Eloy Gonzales-Gustavson
- Department of Animal and Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
- Tropical and Highlands Veterinary Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Jauja, Peru
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19
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Greig DR, Do Nascimento V, Olonade I, Swift C, Nair S, Jenkins C. Surveillance of antimicrobial resistant Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O157:H7 in England, 2016-2020. J Antimicrob Chemother 2023; 78:2263-2273. [PMID: 37545157 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkad231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7 are zoonotic pathogens and transmission to humans occurs via contaminated food or contact with infected animals. The aim of this study was to describe the frequency, and distribution across the phylogeny, of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants in STEC O157:H7 isolated from human cases in England. METHODS Short-read whole-genome sequencing data from 1473 isolates of STEC O157:H7 from all seven sub-lineages (Ia-Ic, IIa-IIc and I/II) were mapped to genes known to confer phenotypic resistance to 10 different classes of antibiotic. Long-read sequencing was used to determine the location and genomic architecture of the AMR determinants within phylogenetic clusters exhibiting multidrug resistance. RESULTS Overall, 216/1473 (14.7%) isolates had at least one AMR determinant, although the proportion of isolates exhibiting AMR varied by sub-lineage. The highest proportion of AMR determinants were detected in sub-lineages Ib (28/64, 43.7%), I/II (18/51, 35.3%) and IIc (122/440, 27.7%). In all sub-lineages, the most commonly detected AMR determinants conferred resistance to the aminoglycosides, tetracyclines and sulphonamides, while AMR determinants conferring resistance to fluroquinolones, macrolides and third-generation cephalosporins were rarely detected. Long-read sequencing analysis showed that the AMR determinants were co-located on the chromosome in sub-lineages Ib and lineage I/II, whereas those associated with sub-lineage IIc were encoded on the chromosome and/or large plasmids. CONCLUSIONS AMR genes were unevenly distributed across the different sub-lineages of STEC O157:H7 and between different clades within the same sub-lineage. Long-read sequencing facilitates tracking the transmission of AMR at the pathogen and mobile genetic element level.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Greig
- Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Vivienne Do Nascimento
- Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Israel Olonade
- Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Craig Swift
- Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Satheesh Nair
- Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Claire Jenkins
- Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK
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20
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Dos Santos GF, de Sousa FG, Beier SL, Mendes ACR, Leão AMGES. Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains in bovine carcasses and the impact on the animal production chain. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:2243-2251. [PMID: 37335430 PMCID: PMC10484834 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01034-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Foodborne diseases are characterized by conditions that can induce symptomatic illnesses in their carriers, and therefore represent a serious problem. They are important conditions from a clinical and epidemiological point of view, and are associated with the occurrence of serious public health problems, with a strong impact on morbidity and mortality. The Escherichia coli (E. coli) is an enterobacterium associated with enteric conditions of variable intensity and which are accompanied by blood. The transmission routes are mainly based on the consumption of contaminated food and water sources. Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) are considered a serogroup of E. coli, are capable of producing Shiga-type toxins (Stx 1 and Stx 2) and the O157:H7 strain is one of the best-known serotypes. The early detection of this pathogen is very important, especially due to the capacity of contamination of carcasses destined for food consumption and supply of productive markets. Sanitary protocols must be developed and constantly reviewed in order to prevent/control the presence of the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Fernanda Dos Santos
- Postgraduate in Quality Management and Hygiene and Technology of Products of Animal Origin, Ifope Educacional, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Felipe Gaia de Sousa
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 6627 Antônio Carlos Av, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Suzane Lilian Beier
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 6627 Antônio Carlos Av, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
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21
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Chase-Topping M, Dallman TJ, Allison L, Lupolova N, Matthews L, Mitchell S, Banks CJ, Prentice J, Brown H, Tongue S, Henry M, Evans J, Gunn G, Hoyle D, McNeilly TN, Fitzgerald S, Smith-Palmer A, Shaaban S, Holmes A, Hanson M, Woolhouse M, Didelot X, Jenkins C, Gally DL. Analysis of Escherichia coli O157 strains in cattle and humans between Scotland and England & Wales: implications for human health. Microb Genom 2023; 9:001090. [PMID: 37672388 PMCID: PMC10569735 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.001090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
For the last two decades, the human infection frequency of Escherichia coli O157 (O157) in Scotland has been 2.5-fold higher than in England and Wales. Results from national cattle surveys conducted in Scotland and England and Wales in 2014/2015 were combined with data on reported human clinical cases from the same time frame to determine if strain differences in national populations of O157 in cattle could be associated with higher human infection rates in Scotland. Shiga toxin subtype (Stx) and phage type (PT) were examined within and between host (cattle vs human) and nation (Scotland vs England and Wales). For a subset of the strains, whole genome sequencing (WGS) provided further insights into geographical and host association. All three major O157 lineages (I, II, I/II) and most sub-lineages (Ia, Ib, Ic, IIa, IIb, IIc) were represented in cattle and humans in both nations. While the relative contribution of different reservoir hosts to human infection is unknown, WGS analysis indicated that the majority of O157 diversity in human cases was captured by isolates from cattle. Despite comparable cattle O157 prevalence between nations, strain types were localized. PT21/28 (sub-lineage Ic, Stx2a+) was significantly more prevalent in Scottish cattle [odds ratio (OR) 8.7 (2.3-33.7; P<0.001] and humans [OR 2.2 (1.5-3.2); P<0.001]. In England and Wales, cattle had a significantly higher association with sub-lineage IIa strains [PT54, Stx2c; OR 5.6 (1.27-33.3); P=0.011] while humans were significantly more closely associated with sub-lineage IIb [PT8, Stx1 and Stx2c; OR 29 (4.9-1161); P<0.001]. Therefore, cattle farms in Scotland were more likely to harbour Stx2a+O157 strains compared to farms in E and W (P<0.001). There was evidence of limited cattle strain migration between nations and clinical isolates from one nation were more similar to cattle isolates from the same nation, with sub-lineage Ic (mainly PT21/28) exhibiting clear national association and evidence of local transmission in Scotland. While we propose the higher rate of O157 clinical cases in Scotland, compared to England and Wales, is a consequence of the nationally higher level of Stx2a+O157 strains in Scottish cattle, we discuss the multiple additional factors that may also contribute to the different infection rates between these nations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margo Chase-Topping
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Timothy J. Dallman
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK
- Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, Public Health England, London NW9 5HT, UK
| | - Lesley Allison
- Scottish E. coli O157/STEC Reference Laboratory, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - Nadejda Lupolova
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Louise Matthews
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Sonia Mitchell
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Christopher J. Banks
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Jamie Prentice
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Helen Brown
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Sue Tongue
- Epidemiology Research Unit, Scotland’s Rural College, Inverness IV2 5NA, UK
| | - Madeleine Henry
- Epidemiology Research Unit, Scotland’s Rural College, Inverness IV2 5NA, UK
| | - Judith Evans
- Epidemiology Research Unit, Scotland’s Rural College, Inverness IV2 5NA, UK
| | - George Gunn
- Epidemiology Research Unit, Scotland’s Rural College, Inverness IV2 5NA, UK
| | - Deborah Hoyle
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Tom N. McNeilly
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Penicuik EH26 0PZ, UK
| | - Stephen Fitzgerald
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Penicuik EH26 0PZ, UK
| | | | - Sharif Shaaban
- Scottish E. coli O157/STEC Reference Laboratory, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - Anne Holmes
- Scottish E. coli O157/STEC Reference Laboratory, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - Mary Hanson
- Scottish E. coli O157/STEC Reference Laboratory, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - Mark Woolhouse
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3DL, UK
| | - Xavier Didelot
- School of Life Sciences and Department of Statistics, University of Warwick, Warwick CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Claire Jenkins
- Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, Public Health England, London NW9 5HT, UK
| | - David L. Gally
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK
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22
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Chen JC, Patel K, Smith PA, Vidyaprakash E, Snyder C, Tagg KA, Webb HE, Schroeder MN, Katz LS, Rowe LA, Howard D, Griswold T, Lindsey RL, Carleton HA. Reoccurring Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strain Linked to Leafy Greens-Associated Outbreaks, 2016-2019. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:1895-1899. [PMID: 37610207 PMCID: PMC10461648 DOI: 10.3201/eid2909.230069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic characterization of an Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain linked to leafy greens-associated outbreaks dates its emergence to late 2015. One clade has notable accessory genomic content and a previously described mutation putatively associated with increased arsenic tolerance. This strain is a reoccurring, emerging, or persistent strain causing illness over an extended period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peyton A. Smith
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (J.C. Chen, K. Patel, P.A. Smith, E. Vidyaprakash, C. Snyder, K.A. Tagg, H.E. Webb, M.N. Schroeder, L.S. Katz, L.A. Rowe, D. Howard, T. Griswold, R.L. Lindsey, H.A. Carleton)
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA (K. Patel, C. Snyder)
| | - Eshaw Vidyaprakash
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (J.C. Chen, K. Patel, P.A. Smith, E. Vidyaprakash, C. Snyder, K.A. Tagg, H.E. Webb, M.N. Schroeder, L.S. Katz, L.A. Rowe, D. Howard, T. Griswold, R.L. Lindsey, H.A. Carleton)
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA (K. Patel, C. Snyder)
| | - Caroline Snyder
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (J.C. Chen, K. Patel, P.A. Smith, E. Vidyaprakash, C. Snyder, K.A. Tagg, H.E. Webb, M.N. Schroeder, L.S. Katz, L.A. Rowe, D. Howard, T. Griswold, R.L. Lindsey, H.A. Carleton)
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA (K. Patel, C. Snyder)
| | - Kaitlin A. Tagg
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (J.C. Chen, K. Patel, P.A. Smith, E. Vidyaprakash, C. Snyder, K.A. Tagg, H.E. Webb, M.N. Schroeder, L.S. Katz, L.A. Rowe, D. Howard, T. Griswold, R.L. Lindsey, H.A. Carleton)
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA (K. Patel, C. Snyder)
| | - Hattie E. Webb
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (J.C. Chen, K. Patel, P.A. Smith, E. Vidyaprakash, C. Snyder, K.A. Tagg, H.E. Webb, M.N. Schroeder, L.S. Katz, L.A. Rowe, D. Howard, T. Griswold, R.L. Lindsey, H.A. Carleton)
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA (K. Patel, C. Snyder)
| | - Morgan N. Schroeder
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (J.C. Chen, K. Patel, P.A. Smith, E. Vidyaprakash, C. Snyder, K.A. Tagg, H.E. Webb, M.N. Schroeder, L.S. Katz, L.A. Rowe, D. Howard, T. Griswold, R.L. Lindsey, H.A. Carleton)
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA (K. Patel, C. Snyder)
| | - Lee S. Katz
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (J.C. Chen, K. Patel, P.A. Smith, E. Vidyaprakash, C. Snyder, K.A. Tagg, H.E. Webb, M.N. Schroeder, L.S. Katz, L.A. Rowe, D. Howard, T. Griswold, R.L. Lindsey, H.A. Carleton)
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA (K. Patel, C. Snyder)
| | | | - Dakota Howard
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (J.C. Chen, K. Patel, P.A. Smith, E. Vidyaprakash, C. Snyder, K.A. Tagg, H.E. Webb, M.N. Schroeder, L.S. Katz, L.A. Rowe, D. Howard, T. Griswold, R.L. Lindsey, H.A. Carleton)
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA (K. Patel, C. Snyder)
| | - Taylor Griswold
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (J.C. Chen, K. Patel, P.A. Smith, E. Vidyaprakash, C. Snyder, K.A. Tagg, H.E. Webb, M.N. Schroeder, L.S. Katz, L.A. Rowe, D. Howard, T. Griswold, R.L. Lindsey, H.A. Carleton)
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA (K. Patel, C. Snyder)
| | - Rebecca L. Lindsey
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (J.C. Chen, K. Patel, P.A. Smith, E. Vidyaprakash, C. Snyder, K.A. Tagg, H.E. Webb, M.N. Schroeder, L.S. Katz, L.A. Rowe, D. Howard, T. Griswold, R.L. Lindsey, H.A. Carleton)
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA (K. Patel, C. Snyder)
| | - Heather A. Carleton
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (J.C. Chen, K. Patel, P.A. Smith, E. Vidyaprakash, C. Snyder, K.A. Tagg, H.E. Webb, M.N. Schroeder, L.S. Katz, L.A. Rowe, D. Howard, T. Griswold, R.L. Lindsey, H.A. Carleton)
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA (K. Patel, C. Snyder)
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23
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Wi SM, Kim SK, Lee JB, Yoon JW. Acid tolerance of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain ATCC 43894 and its relationship with a large virulence plasmid pO157. Vet Microbiol 2023; 284:109833. [PMID: 37515979 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 is a zoonotic pathogen that causes a severe intestinal infection including hemolytic uremic syndrome in humans. Various factors contribute to its pathogenesis, including a large virulence plasmid pO157. This F-like 92-kb plasmid is isolated in virtually all clinical EHEC isolates, and is considered a hallmark of EHEC virulence. A previous report stated that removal of pO157 from EHEC ATCC 43894 induced overexpression of GadAB that are essential in glutamate-dependent acid resistance (GDAR) system, yet the mechanism remains elusive. Based on this observation, we surmised that pO157 is involved in the regulation of GDAR system. We comparatively analyzed 43894 and its pO157-cured (ΔpO157) mutant 277 for i) their acid resistance, ii) changes in the transcriptional profiles and iii) expression of GDAR associated genes/proteins. Survivability of 43894 upon exposure to acidic conditions was significantly lower than the ΔpO157 mutant. In addition, RNA-sequencing revealed that genes involved in GDAR were significantly down-regulated in 43894 when compared to the ΔpO157 mutant. Exogenous expression of GadE in 43894 led to expression of GadAB, suggesting possible intervention of pO157 in GDAR regulation. Despite these findings, reintroduction of pO157 into 277 did not reverted Gad overexpression. Likewise, removing pO157 from 43894 using the plasmid incompatibility method did not induce Gad overexpression as shown in 277. Taken together, the results suggest that variation in acid resistance among EHEC isolates exists, and the large virulence plasmid pO157 has no effect on weak acid resistance phenotype displayed in 43894.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Mi Wi
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Kye Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Bong Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Won Yoon
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Zehentner B, Scherer S, Neuhaus K. Non-canonical transcriptional start sites in E. coli O157:H7 EDL933 are regulated and appear in surprisingly high numbers. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:243. [PMID: 37653502 PMCID: PMC10469882 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02988-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Analysis of genome wide transcription start sites (TSSs) revealed an unexpected complexity since not only canonical TSS of annotated genes are recognized by RNA polymerase. Non-canonical TSS were detected antisense to, or within, annotated genes as well new intergenic (orphan) TSS, not associated with known genes. Previously, it was hypothesized that many such signals represent noise or pervasive transcription, not associated with a biological function. Here, a modified Cappable-seq protocol allows determining the primary transcriptome of the enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7 EDL933 (EHEC). We used four different growth media, both in exponential and stationary growth phase, replicated each thrice. This yielded 19,975 EHEC canonical and non-canonical TSS, which reproducibly occurring in three biological replicates. This questions the hypothesis of experimental noise or pervasive transcription. Accordingly, conserved promoter motifs were found upstream indicating proper TSSs. More than 50% of 5,567 canonical and between 32% and 47% of 10,355 non-canonical TSS were differentially expressed in different media and growth phases, providing evidence for a potential biological function also of non-canonical TSS. Thus, reproducible and environmentally regulated expression suggests that a substantial number of the non-canonical TSSs may be of unknown function rather than being the result of noise or pervasive transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Zehentner
- Chair for Microbial Ecology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Siegfried Scherer
- Chair for Microbial Ecology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- ZIEL - Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Klaus Neuhaus
- ZIEL - Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.
- Core Facility Microbiome, ZIEL - Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.
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25
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Lee JE, Toushik SH, Park HJ, Kim SA, Shim WB. Rapid detection of Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 based on a colorimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification (cLAMP) assay using a molecular beacon paired with HRPzyme. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:4973-4984. [PMID: 37365333 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04803-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Contamination by Escherichia coli O157:H7 is considered a threat in the livestock and food industries. Therefore, it is necessary to develop methods for the convenient and rapid detection of Shiga-toxin-producing E. coli O157:H7. This study aimed to develop a colorimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification (cLAMP) assay using a molecular beacon to rapidly detect E. coli O157:H7. Primers and a molecular beacon were designed for targeting the Shiga-toxin-producing virulence genes (stx1 and stx2) as molecular markers. Additionally, Bst polymerase concentration and amplification conditions for bacterial detection were optimized. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay were also investigated and validated on artificially tainted (100-104 CFU/g) Korean beef samples. The cLAMP assay could detect 1 × 101 CFU/g at 65 °C for both genes, and the assay was confirmed to be specific for E. coli O157:H7. The cLAMP takes about an hour and does not require expensive devices (e.g., thermal cycler and detector). Hence, the cLAMP assay proposed herein can be used in the meat industry as a fast and simple way to detect E. coli O157:H7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Eun Lee
- Institute of Smart Farm Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongnam, Jinju, 52828, Korea
| | | | - Hyun-Jin Park
- Division of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongnam, Jinju, 52828, Korea
| | - Sol-A Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongnam, Jinju, 52828, Korea
| | - Won-Bo Shim
- Division of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongnam, Jinju, 52828, Korea.
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongnam, Jinju, 52828, Korea.
- Division of Food Science and Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongnam, Jinju, 52828, Korea.
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Yang W, Sun H, Yan J, Kang C, Wu J, Yang B. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli senses microbiota-derived nicotinamide to increase its virulence and colonization in the large intestine. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112638. [PMID: 37294635 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 is a foodborne pathogen that specifically colonizes and infects the human large intestine. EHEC O157:H7 engages intricate regulatory pathways to detect host intestinal signals and regulate virulence-related gene expression during colonization and infection. However, the overall EHEC O157:H7 virulence regulatory network in the human large intestine remains incompletely understood. Here, we report a complete signal regulatory pathway where the EvgSA two-component system responds to high-nicotinamide levels produced by microbiota in the large intestine and directly activates loci of enterocyte effacement genes to promote EHEC O157:H7 adherence and colonization. This EvgSA-mediated nicotinamide signaling regulatory pathway is conserved and widespread among several other EHEC serotypes. Moreover, disruption of this virulence-regulating pathway by the deletion of evgS or evgA significantly decreased EHEC O157:H7 adherence and colonization in the mouse intestinal tract, indicating that these genes could be potential targets for the development of new therapeutics for EHEC O157:H7 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China; The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Hongmin Sun
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China; The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yan
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China; The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Chenbo Kang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China; The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Junli Wu
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China; The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Bin Yang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China; The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China.
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Atitkar RR, Hauser JR, Melton-Celsa AR. Shiga Toxin (Stx) Phage-Encoded Lytic Genes Are Not Required for the Mouse Virulence of O157:H7 Escherichia coli Stx2-Producing Clinical Isolates. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0037223. [PMID: 37022201 PMCID: PMC10269767 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00372-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is a major cause of foodborne diarrheal illness in the United States and globally, and serotype O157:H7 is frequently associated with STEC outbreaks and sporadic cases in the United States. Severe systemic diseases associated with STEC are mediated by Stx types, particularly subtype Stx2a, encoded on inducible bacteriophages. We previously identified two STEC O157:H7 clinical isolates, JH2010 and JH2012, that exhibit a large difference in virulence in a streptomycin (Str)-treated mouse model. In this study, we aimed to identify a genetic basis for the difference in virulence between those strains. Comparison of the stx2a phage sequences showed that JH2012 lacks the lytic genes S and R on the phage genome. We also demonstrated that compared to JH2012 cultures, cultures of JH2010 released more Stx2 into the supernatant and were more sensitive to bacterial lysis during growth with ciprofloxacin (Cip), an inducer of stx phages. We therefore generated an stx2a phage SR deletion mutant strain of JH2010 to determine if those genes were responsible for the high virulence of that strain. We found that deletion of the SR genes from the stx2a phage in JH2010, and another O157:H7 strain, JH2016, resulted in increased cellular retention of Stx2, but there was no difference in virulence compared to the wild-type strains. Our results indicate that the stx2a phage SR genes are involved in Stx2 localization and phage-mediated cell lysis in vitro but that they are not required in wild-type STEC strains for virulence in a mouse model. IMPORTANCE The release of Stx from STEC has been thought to be tied to phage-mediated lysis of the host bacterial cell. In this study, we found that the stx2a phage lytic genes are not required for the virulence of pathogenic O157:H7 clinical isolates in a murine model of STEC infection or for release of Stx2a into the supernatant of bacterial cultures. These results point to an alternate mechanism for Stx2a release from STEC strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. R. Atitkar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - J. R. Hauser
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - A. R. Melton-Celsa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Melchior K, Salgaço MK, Sivieri K, Moreira CG. QseC sensor kinase modulates the human microbiota during enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection in the Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME®). Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:1-14. [PMID: 36469301 PMCID: PMC9943815 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00877-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is an important gastrointestinal pathogen known for its ability to cause hemorrhagic colitis and induce hemolytic-uremic syndrome. The inner membrane QseC histidine kinase sensor has shown to be an important regulator of the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) island, where important EHEC key virulence genes are located. However, the QseC role during EHEC infection in human microbiota remains unknown. Herein, using the Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME®), we investigated whether the QseC sensor has a role in human microbiota modulation by EHEC in a dynamic model. Our data demonstrated that the QseC sensor modulates human microbiota during EHEC infection, and its absence leads to an increase in Lactobacillaceae and Bifidobacterium genus predominance, although non-effect on Bacteroides genus by EHEC strains was observed. In co-culture, the Lactobacillus acidophilus has affected EHEC growth and impaired the EHEC growth under space-niche competition, although no growth difference was observed in the QseC sensor presence. Also, differences in EHEC growth were not detected in competition with Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and EHEC strains did not affect B. thetaiotaomicron growth either. When investigating the mechanisms behind the SHIME results, we found that hcp-2 expression for the type 6 secretion system, known to be involved in bacterial competition, is under QseC sensor regulation beneath different environmental signals, such as glucose and butyrate. Our findings broaden the knowledge about the QseC sensor in modulating the human microbiota and its importance for EHEC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Melchior
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Mateus Kawata Salgaço
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Katia Sivieri
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Gallina Moreira
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil.
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Graf F, Zehentner B, Fellner L, Scherer S, Neuhaus K. Three Novel Antisense Overlapping Genes in E. coli O157:H7 EDL933. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0235122. [PMID: 36533921 PMCID: PMC9927249 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02351-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The abundance of long overlapping genes in prokaryotic genomes is likely to be significantly underestimated. To date, only a few examples of such genes are fully established. Using RNA sequencing and ribosome profiling, we found expression of novel overlapping open reading frames in Escherichia coli O157:H7 EDL933 (EHEC). Indeed, the overlapping candidate genes are equipped with typical structural elements required for transcription and translation, i.e., promoters, transcription start sites, as well as terminators, all of which were experimentally verified. Translationally arrested mutants, unable to produce the overlapping encoded protein, were found to have a growth disadvantage when grown competitively against the wild type. Thus, the phenotypes found imply biological functionality of the genes at the level of proteins produced. The addition of 3 more examples of prokaryotic overlapping genes to the currently limited, yet constantly growing pool of such genes emphasizes the underestimated coding capacity of bacterial genomes. IMPORTANCE The abundance of long overlapping genes in prokaryotic genomes is likely to be significantly underestimated, since such genes are not allowed in genome annotations. However, ribosome profiling catches mRNA in the moment of being template for protein production. Using this technique and subsequent experiments, we verified 3 novel overlapping genes encoded in antisense of known genes. This adds more examples of prokaryotic overlapping genes to the currently limited, yet constantly growing pool of such genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Graf
- Core Facility Microbiome, ZIEL – Institute for Food & Health, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
- Chair for Microbial Ecology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Barbara Zehentner
- Chair for Microbial Ecology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Lea Fellner
- Chair for Microbial Ecology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Siegfried Scherer
- Core Facility Microbiome, ZIEL – Institute for Food & Health, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
- Chair for Microbial Ecology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Klaus Neuhaus
- Core Facility Microbiome, ZIEL – Institute for Food & Health, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
- Chair for Microbial Ecology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
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30
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Wu P, Wang Q, Yang Q, Feng X, Liu X, Sun H, Yan J, Kang C, Liu B, Liu Y, Yang B. A Novel Role of the Two-Component System Response Regulator UvrY in Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 Pathogenicity Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032297. [PMID: 36768620 PMCID: PMC9916836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 is an important human pathogen causing severe diseases, such as hemorrhagic colitis and lethal hemolytic uremic syndrome. The signal-sensing capability of EHEC O157:H7 at specific host colonization sites via different two-component systems (TCSs) is closely related to its pathogenicity during infection. However, the types of systems involved and the regulatory mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the function of the TCS BarA/UvrY regulator UvrY in the pathogenicity regulation of EHEC O157:H7. Our results showed that UvrY acts as a positive regulator of EHEC O157:H7 for cellular adherence and mouse colonization through the transcriptional activation of the locus for enterocyte effacement (LEE) pathogenic genes. Furthermore, this regulation is mediated by the LEE island master regulator, Ler. Our results highlight the significance of UvrY in EHEC O157:H7 pathogenicity and underline the unknown importance of BarA/UvrY in colonization establishment and intestinal adaptability during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wu
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Qian Wang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Qian Yang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xiaohui Feng
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xingmei Liu
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Hongmin Sun
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jun Yan
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Chenbo Kang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Bin Liu
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
- Nankai International Advanced Research Institute, Nankai University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Yutao Liu
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
- Nankai International Advanced Research Institute, Nankai University, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (B.Y.)
| | - Bin Yang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (B.Y.)
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Wang J, Cao Y, Li Z, Dong M, Dou W, Xu X, He S. Bridge-DNA synthesis triggered by an allosteric aptamer for the colorimetric detection of pathogenic bacteria. Anal Methods 2023; 15:275-283. [PMID: 36594811 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01844f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and sensitive quantification of pathogenic bacteria is highly desired for environmental health supervision and food safety control. Yet, the amplification and detection of bacteria with a concentration lower than 102 cfu mL-1 remains a great challenge. Here, we combined an allosteric aptamer (AAP) with a gold nanoparticle (AuNP) for assembling a bridge-DNA synthesis system (named as AuNP-BDS) to amplify the bacterial signals. The AAP and its paired primer (PP) were covalently linked to two different AuNPs, respectively: one named as AAP-AuNP and the other PP-AuNP. Upon recognition of the antigen from the pathogenic bacteria, AAP alters its conformation to initiate DNA synthesis on the AuNP surface. The DNA products from AAP-AuNP and PP-AuNP form bridges to each other through base pairing, resulting in the aggregation and colorimetric response of the AuNPs. By using E. coli O157:H7 as an example, the AuNP-BDS could quantify pathogenic bacteria in water with a concentration as low as 10 cfu mL-1 within 60 min and without any enrichment. The colorimetric response values of AuNP-BDS were found to be linearly related to the bacterial concentrations in the range of 10 to 103 cfu mL-1. Good practicability of the AuNP-BDS in quantifying E. coli O157:H7 from tap water, juices, and milks was demonstrated. The AuNP-BDS could be exploited to facilitate the rapid and sensitive quantification of pathogenic bacteria for food safety control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingtong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P. R. China.
| | - Yongqiang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P. R. China.
| | - Zhao Li
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P. R. China.
| | - Meiling Dong
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoping Xu
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Shengbin He
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P. R. China.
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Sultan-Alolama MI, Amin A, El-Tarabily KA, Vijayan R. Characterization and Genomic Analysis of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Phage UAE_MI-01 Isolated from Birds. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314846. [PMID: 36499178 PMCID: PMC9737526 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 is responsible for the majority of foodborne outbreaks worldwide and may lead to death. Bacteriophages are natural killers of bacteria. All previously reported E. coli O157:H7 phages were isolated from ruminants or swine. Here, we report for the first time a phage isolated from bird feces in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), designated as UAE_MI-01, indicating birds as a good source of phages. Thus, phages could be a tool for predicting the presence of the host bacteria in an animal or the environment. UAE_MI-01 was found to be a lytic phage that was stable at wide ranges of pH, temperature, and chemical disinfectants, and with a burst size of almost 100 plaque-forming units per host cell after a latent period of 20 min and an adsorption rate constant (K) of 1.25 × 10-7 mL min-1. The phage genome was found to be 44,281 bp long with an average GC content of 54.7%. The presence of the phage indicates the presence of the host cell E. coli O157:H7 in wild birds. Therefore, other birds, mainly poultry, could be also investigated for the presence of this pathogenic bacterium. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an E. coli O157:H7 bacteriophage isolated from a bird.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Ismail Sultan-Alolama
- Zayed Complex for Herbal Research and Traditional Medicine, Research and Innovation Center, Department of Health, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 5674, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaled A. El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Correspondence: (K.A.E.-T.); (R.V.)
| | - Ranjit Vijayan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- The Big Data Analytics Center, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (K.A.E.-T.); (R.V.)
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Montalbano Di Filippo M, Boni A, Chiani P, Marra M, Carollo M, Cristofari L, Minelli F, Knijn A, Morabito S. Exploring the nature of interaction between shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and free-living amoeba - Acanthamoeba sp. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:926127. [PMID: 36159652 PMCID: PMC9504058 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.926127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Free-living amoebae (FLA) are widely distributed protozoa in nature, known to cause severe eye infections and central nervous system disorders. There is growing attention to the potential role that these protozoa could act as reservoirs of pathogenic bacteria and, consequently, to the possibility that, the persistence and spread of the latter may be facilitated, by exploiting internalization into amoebae. Shiga toxin-producing strains of Escherichia coli (STEC) are zoonotic agents capable of causing serious diseases, such as hemorrhagic colitis (HC) and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Cattle represent the main natural reservoir of STEC, which are frequently found also in other domestic and wild ruminants, often without causing any evident symptoms of disease. The aspects related to the ecology of STEC strains in animal reservoirs and the environment are poorly known, including the persistence of these microorganisms within niches unfavorable to survival, such as soils or waters. In this study we investigated the interaction between STEC strains of serotype O157: H7 with different virulence gene profiles, and a genus of a wild free-living amoeba, Acanthamoeba sp. Our results confirm the ability of STEC strains to survive up to 20 days within a wild Acanthamoeba sp., in a quiescent state persisting in a non-cultivable form, until they reactivate following some stimulus of an unknown nature. Furthermore, our findings show that during their internalization, the E. coli O157 kept the set of the main virulence genes intact, preserving their pathogenetic potential. These observations suggest that the internalization in free-living amoebae may represent a means for STEC to resist in environments with non-permissive growth conditions. Moreover, by staying within the protozoa, STEC could escape their detection in the vehicles of infections and resist to the treatments used for the disinfection of the livestock environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Montalbano Di Filippo
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Margherita Montalbano Di Filippo,
| | - Arianna Boni
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Chiani
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Marra
- Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Carollo
- Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Cristofari
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Minelli
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Arnold Knijn
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Morabito
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Ladd-Wilson SG, Morey K, Turpen L, DeMarco K, Van Der Veen G, Fontana JL, Dannenhoffer RL, Tenney K, Kutumbaka KK, Samadpour M, Cieslak PR. Escherichia coli O157:H7 Cluster Associated With Deer Harvested at a Single Wildlife Hunting Area, Oregon, 2017. Public Health Rep 2022; 137:817-819. [PMID: 34546827 PMCID: PMC9379850 DOI: 10.1177/00333549211046111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Oregon Health Authority routinely investigates clusters of reportable enteric diseases identified by whole-genome sequencing. While investigating 2 cases of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in 2019, in which both patients were exposed to the same home-processed "jerky" and clinical isolates matched within 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we discovered, by searching the National Library of Medicine's National Center for Biotechnology Information website, 3 other cases of E coli O157:H7 from 3 Oregon counties-Tillamook, Umatilla, and Douglas-whose clinical isolates were within 9 SNPs of the 2 initial matched cases. We analyzed interview data for 3 case patients and followed up with additional hypothesis-generating questions. Onset of illness for the Tillamook, Umatilla, and Douglas county cases were October 7, 2017, October 27, 2017, and April 30, 2018, respectively. The median age of the 5 case patients was 16 years. Parents of 2 of the 5 case patients, each from a different county, had harvested deer approximately 20 miles from each other in the same Douglas County wildlife hunting unit in late September 2017. The case from Umatilla County was lost to follow-up. Although it is well documented that deer are a viable and substantial reservoir of E coli O157:H7, to our knowledge, this is the first time that venison from a common wildlife hunting unit was found to be associated with a cluster of illnesses. This finding suggests a geographic nidus for E coli O157:H7. We recommend routinely asking about wildlife hunting units when developing exposure hypotheses involving potential venison-associated clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karim Morey
- Oregon State Public Health Laboratory, Oregon Health Authority,
Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Kara DeMarco
- Yamhill County Public Health, McMinnville, OR, USA
| | | | - John L. Fontana
- Oregon State Public Health Laboratory, Oregon Health Authority,
Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Kristina Tenney
- Institute for Environmental Health Laboratories, Lake Forest Park, WA,
USA
| | | | - Mansour Samadpour
- Institute for Environmental Health Laboratories, Lake Forest Park, WA,
USA
| | - Paul R. Cieslak
- Public Health Division, Oregon Health Authority, Portland, OR, USA
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Kim YL, Kim D, Park J, Kwak M, Shin JH. A carbon-black-embedded poly(dimethylsiloxane)-paper hybrid device for energy-efficient nucleic-acid amplification in point-of-care testing. Anal Methods 2022; 14:2569-2577. [PMID: 35699260 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00554a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A paper-based device patterned with a carbon-black-poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) mixture is developed as a heating platform for nucleic-acid amplification tests. The photothermal effect of carbon black under 808 nm laser irradiation is used to conduct loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) to detect Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7, a foodborne pathogen. We characterize the heat generation of carbon black by changing its concentration and the hardness of PDMS. Then, we optimize the minimum laser power required to perform LAMP. The proposed paper-based device requires less than 15 min to perform LAMP, and the result can be confirmed based on the color change observed by the naked eye. The rfbE gene of E. coli O157:H7 is specifically amplified, with a detection limit of 102 CFU mL-1. Amplification is also performed by using a laboratory-made laser-diode device, which consumes only 2 W h during its operation. The low cost, disposability, and easy fabrication of the paper-based device make it a powerful tool for point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Lin Kim
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
| | - Donghyeok Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Park
- Seegene Inc, Seoul, 05552, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong Ho Shin
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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Deng H, Xue B, Wang M, Tong Y, Tan C, Wan M, Kong Y, Meng X, Zhu J. TMT-Based Quantitative Proteomics Analyses Reveal the Antibacterial Mechanisms of Anthocyanins from Aronia melanocarpa against Escherichia coli O157:H7. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:8032-8042. [PMID: 35729077 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aronia melanocarpa anthocyanins (AMAs), as natural plant extracts, can control pathogens and are attracting increasing attention. In this study, a tandem mass tag (TMT) quantitative proteomics method combined with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was used to explore the antibacterial mechanism of AMAs against Escherichia coli at the protein level. The results showed that 1739 proteins were identified in E. coli treated with AMAs, of which 628 were altered, including 262 downregulated proteins and 366 upregulated proteins. Bioinformatics analysis showed that these differentially expressed proteins have different molecular functions and participate in different molecular pathways. AMAs can affect E. coli protein biosynthesis, DNA replication and repair, oxidative stress response, peptidoglycan biosynthesis, and homeostasis. These pathways induce morphological changes and cell death. The results of this study help understand the molecular mechanism of the inhibitory effect of AMAs on food-borne pathogens and provide a reference for further development of plant-derived antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Deng
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110866, China
| | - Bo Xue
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110866, China
| | - Mingyue Wang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110866, China
| | - Yuqi Tong
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110866, China
| | - Chang Tan
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110866, China
| | - Meizhi Wan
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110866, China
| | - Yanwen Kong
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110866, China
| | - Xianjun Meng
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110866, China
| | - Jinyan Zhu
- Food Inspection Monitoring Center of Zhuanghe, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116400, China
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Cherry JL. Recent Genetic Changes Affecting Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Causing Recurrent Outbreaks. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0050122. [PMID: 35467376 PMCID: PMC9241674 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00501-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) is responsible for significant human illness, death, and economic loss. The main reservoir for EHEC is cattle, but plant-based foods are common vectors for human infection. Several outbreaks have been attributed to lettuce and leafy green vegetables grown in the Salinas and Santa Maria regions of California. Bacteria causing different outbreaks are mostly not close relatives, but one group of closely-related O157:H7 has caused several of them. This unusual pattern of recurrence may have some genetic basis. Here I use whole-genome sequences to reconstruct the genetic changes that occurred in the recent ancestry of this EHEC. In a short period of time corresponding to little genetic change, there were several changes to adhesion-related sequences, mainly adhesins. These changes may have greatly altered the adhesive properties of the bacteria. Possible consequences include increased persistence of cattle infections, more bacteria shed in cattle feces, and greater virulence in humans. Similar constellations of genetic change, which are detectable by current sequencing-based surveillance, may identify other bacteria that are particular threats to human health. In addition, the Santa Maria subclade carries a nonsense mutation affecting ArsR, a repressor of genes that confer resistance to arsenic and antimony. This suggests that the persistent source of Santa Maria contamination is located in an area with arsenic-contaminated groundwater, a problem in many parts of California. This inference may aid identification of the reservoir of EHEC, which would greatly aid mitigation efforts. IMPORTANCE Food-borne bacterial infections cause substantial illness and death. Understanding how bacteria contaminate food and cause disease is important for combating the problem. Closely-related E. coli, likely originating in cattle, have repeatedly caused outbreaks spread by vegetables grown in California. Such recurrence is atypical, and might have a genetic basis. The genetic changes that occurred in the recent ancestry of these E. coli can be reconstructed from their DNA sequences. Several mutations affect genes involved in bacterial adhesion. These might affect persistence of infection in cattle, quantity of bacteria in their feces, and human disease. They also suggest a way of detecting dangerous bacteria from their genome sequences. Furthermore, a subgroup carries a mutation affecting the regulation of genes conferring arsenic resistance. This suggests that the reservoir for contamination utilizes groundwater contaminated with arsenic, a problem in parts of California. This observation may be an aid to locating the persistent reservoir of contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua L. Cherry
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Division of International Epidemiology and Population Studies, Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Razmi N, Hasanzadeh M, Willander M, Nur O. Electrochemical genosensor based on gold nanostars for the detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 DNA. Anal Methods 2022; 14:1562-1570. [PMID: 35357389 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00056c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7) is an enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), which has been issued as a major threat to public health worldwide due to fatal contamination of water and food. Thus, its rapid and accurate detection has tremendous importance in environmental monitoring and human health. In this regard, we report a simple and sensitive electrochemical DNA biosensor by targeting Z3276 as a genetic marker in river water. The surface of the designed gold electrode was functionalized with gold nanostars and an aminated specific sensing probe of E. coli O157:H7 to fabricate the genosensor. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) techniques were applied for electrochemical characterization and detection. The synthesized gold nanostars were characterized using different characterization techniques. The fabricated DNA-based sensor exhibited a high selective ability for one, two, and three-base mismatched sequences. Regeneration, stability, selectivity, and kinetics of the bioassay were investigated. Under optimal conditions, the fabricated genosensor exhibited a linear response range of 10-5 to 10-17 μM in the standard sample and 7.3 to 1 × 10-17 μM in water samples with a low limit of quantification of 0.01 zM in water samples. The detection strategy based on silver plated gold nanostars and DNA hybridization improved the sensitivity and specificity of the assay for E. coli O157:H7 detection in real water samples without filtration. The detection assay has the advantages of high selectivity, sensitivity, low amounts of reagents, short analysis time, commercialization, and potential application for the determination of other pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Razmi
- Physics and Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-601 74 Norrköping, Sweden.
| | - Mohammad Hasanzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51664, Iran
| | - Magnus Willander
- Physics and Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-601 74 Norrköping, Sweden.
| | - Omer Nur
- Physics and Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-601 74 Norrköping, Sweden.
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Rubeck LM, Wells JE, Hanford KJ, Durso LM, Schacht WH, Berry ED. Management-intensive grazing impacts on total Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7, and antibiotic resistance genes in a riparian stream. Sci Total Environ 2022; 817:152611. [PMID: 34995584 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of management-intensive grazing (MIG) of cattle on concentrations of total Escherichia coli, total suspended solids (TSS), and nitrate-nitrite nitrogen (NO3 + NO2-N), and occurrence of E. coli O157:H7 and selected antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in stream water and/or sediments were evaluated. Cattle were grazed for two-week periods in May in each of three years. Overall, grazing increased total E. coli in downstream water by 0.89 log10 MPN/100 mL (p < 0.0001), and downstream total E. coli concentrations were higher than upstream over all sampling intervals. Downstream TSS levels also increased (p ≤ 0.0294) during grazing. In contrast, there was a main effect of treatment for downstream NO3 + NO2-N to be lower than upstream (3.59 versus 3.70 mg/L; p = 0.0323). Overwintering mallard ducks increased total E. coli and TSS concentrations in January and February (p < 0.05). For precipitation events during the 24 h before sampling, each increase of 1.00 cm of rainfall increased total E. coli by 0.49 log10 MPN/100 mL (p = 0.0005). In contrast, there was no association of previous 24 h precipitation volume on TSS (p = 0.1540), and there was a negative linear effect on NO3 + NO2-N (p = 0.0002). E. coli O157:H7 prevalence was low, but the pathogen was detected downstream up to 2½ months after grazing. Examination of ARGs sul1, ermB, blactx-m-32, and intI1 identified the need for additional research to understand the impact of grazing on the ecology of these resistance determinants in pasture-based cattle production. While E. coli remained higher in downstream water compared to upstream, MIG may reduce the magnitude of the downstream E. coli concentrations. Likewise, the MIG strategy may prevent large increases in TSS and NO3 + NO2-N concentrations during heavy rain events. Results indicate that MIG can limit the negative effects of cattle grazing on stream water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Rubeck
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, 844 Road 313, Clay Center, NE 68933, USA
| | - James E Wells
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, 844 Road 313, Clay Center, NE 68933, USA
| | - Kathryn J Hanford
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Department of Statistics, 343A Hardin Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Lisa M Durso
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Agroecosystem Management Research Unit, 251 Filley Hall, University of Nebraska-Lincoln East Campus, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Walter H Schacht
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, 202 Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Elaine D Berry
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, 844 Road 313, Clay Center, NE 68933, USA.
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40
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Scalise ML, Garimano N, Sanz M, Padola NL, Leonino P, Pereyra A, Casale R, Amaral MM, Sacerdoti F, Ibarra C. Detection of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in the Endocervix of Asymptomatic Pregnant Women. Can STEC Be a Risk Factor for Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:945736. [PMID: 35957815 PMCID: PMC9358589 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.945736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of Escherichia coli in the vaginal microbiome has been associated with pregnancy complications. In previous works, we demonstrated that Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) can produce abortion and premature delivery in rats and that Shiga toxin type 2 (Stx2) can impair human trophoblast cell lines. The hypothesis of this work was that STEC may colonize the lower female reproductive tract and be responsible for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the presence and prevalence of virulence factor genes from STEC in the endocervix of asymptomatic pregnant women. For that purpose, endocervical swabs were collected from pregnant women during their prenatal examination. Swab samples were enriched in a differential medium to select Enterobacteria. Then, positive samples were analyzed by PCR to detect genes characteristic of Escherichia sp. (such as uidA and yaiO), genes specific for portions of the rfb (O-antigen-encoding) regions of STEC O157 (rfbO157), and STEC virulence factor genes (such as stx1, stx2, eae, lpfAO113, hcpA, iha, sab, subAB). The cytotoxic effects of stx2-positive supernatants from E. coli recovered from the endocervix were evaluated in Vero cells. Our results showed that 11.7% of the endocervical samples were positive for E. coli. Additionally, we found samples positive for stx2 and other virulence factors for STEC. The bacterial supernatant from an isolate identified as E. coli O113:NT, carrying the stx2 gene, exhibited cytotoxic activity in Vero, Swan 71 and Hela cells. Our results open a new perspective regarding the presence of STEC during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Luján Scalise
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatogenia, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica, IFIBIO-Houssay (UBA-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Garimano
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatogenia, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica, IFIBIO-Houssay (UBA-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Sanz
- CIVETAN-Centro de Investigación Veterinaria Tandil (CONICET, CICPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Tandil, Argentina
| | - Nora Lia Padola
- CIVETAN-Centro de Investigación Veterinaria Tandil (CONICET, CICPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Tandil, Argentina
| | - Patricia Leonino
- Departamento de Obstetricia, Hospital Nacional “Prof. A. Posadas”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adriana Pereyra
- Departamento de Obstetricia, Hospital Nacional “Prof. A. Posadas”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Roberto Casale
- Departamento de Obstetricia, Hospital Nacional “Prof. A. Posadas”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Marta Amaral
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatogenia, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica, IFIBIO-Houssay (UBA-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Flavia Sacerdoti
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatogenia, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica, IFIBIO-Houssay (UBA-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Cristina Ibarra, ; Flavia Sacerdoti,
| | - Cristina Ibarra
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatogenia, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica, IFIBIO-Houssay (UBA-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Cristina Ibarra, ; Flavia Sacerdoti,
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Waltenburg MA, Schwensohn C, Madad A, Seelman SL, Peralta V, Koske SE, Boyle MM, Arends K, Patel K, Mattioli M, Gieraltowski L, Neil KP. Two multistate outbreaks of a reoccurring Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strain associated with romaine lettuce: USA, 2018-2019. Epidemiol Infect 2021; 150:e16. [PMID: 35060456 PMCID: PMC8796143 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268821002703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Leafy green vegetables are a common source of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 (STEC O157) foodborne illness outbreaks. Ruminant animals, primarily cattle, are the major reservoir of STEC O157. Epidemiological, traceback and field investigations were conducted to identify potential outbreak sources. Product and environmental samples were tested for STEC. A reoccurring strain of STEC O157 caused two multistate outbreaks linked to romaine lettuce in 2018 and 2019, resulting in 234 illnesses in 33 states. Over 80% of patients interviewed consumed romaine lettuce before illness. The romaine lettuce was sourced from two California growing regions: Santa Maria and Salinas Valley in 2018 and Salinas Valley in 2019. The outbreak strain was isolated from environmental samples collected at sites >90 miles apart across growing regions, as well as from romaine-containing products in 2019. Although the definitive route of romaine contamination was undetermined, use of a contaminated agricultural water reservoir in 2018 and contamination from cattle grazing on adjacent land in 2019 were suspected as possible factors. Preventing lettuce contamination from growth to consumption is imperative to preventing illness. These outbreaks highlight the need to further understand mechanisms of romaine contamination, including the role of environmental or animal reservoirs for STEC O157.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A. Waltenburg
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Colin Schwensohn
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Asma Madad
- United States Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Sharon L. Seelman
- United States Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Vi Peralta
- California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA
| | - Sarah E. Koske
- Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Katherine Arends
- Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Kane Patel
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mia Mattioli
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Karen P. Neil
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Jacob C, Velásquez AC, Josh NA, Settles M, He SY, Melotto M. Dual transcriptomic analysis reveals metabolic changes associated with differential persistence of human pathogenic bacteria in leaves of Arabidopsis and lettuce. G3 (Bethesda) 2021; 11:jkab331. [PMID: 34550367 PMCID: PMC8664426 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkab331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the molecular determinants underlying the interaction between the leaf and human pathogenic bacteria is key to provide the foundation to develop science-based strategies to prevent or decrease the pathogen contamination of leafy greens. In this study, we conducted a dual RNA-sequencing analysis to simultaneously define changes in the transcriptomic profiles of the plant and the bacterium when they come in contact. We used an economically relevant vegetable crop, lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cultivar Salinas), and a model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0, as well as two pathogenic bacterial strains that cause disease outbreaks associated with fresh produce, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium 14028s (STm 14028s). We observed commonalities and specificities in the modulation of biological processes between Arabidopsis and lettuce and between O157:H7 and STm 14028s during early stages of the interaction. We detected a larger alteration of gene expression at the whole transcriptome level in lettuce and Arabidopsis at 24 h post inoculation with STm 14028s compared to that with O157:H7. In addition, bacterial transcriptomic adjustments were substantially larger in Arabidopsis than in lettuce. Bacterial transcriptome was affected at a larger extent in the first 4 h compared to the subsequent 20 h after inoculation. Overall, we gained valuable knowledge about the responses and counter-responses of both bacterial pathogen and plant host when these bacteria are residing in the leaf intercellular space. These findings and the public genomic resources generated in this study are valuable for additional data mining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristián Jacob
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Plant Sciences, Horticulture and Agronomy Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Departamento de Ciencias Vegetales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - André C Velásquez
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Nikhil A Josh
- Bioinformatics Core Facility in the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Matthew Settles
- Bioinformatics Core Facility in the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Sheng Yang He
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Maeli Melotto
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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43
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Amadio A, Bono JL, Irazoqui M, Larzábal M, Marques da Silva W, Eberhardt MF, Riviere NA, Gally D, Manning SD, Cataldi A. Genomic analysis of shiga toxin-containing Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolated from Argentinean cattle. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258753. [PMID: 34710106 PMCID: PMC8553066 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cattle are the main reservoir of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), with O157:H7 the distinctive serotype. EHEC is the main causative agent of a severe systemic disease, Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS). Argentina has the highest pediatric HUS incidence worldwide with 12–14 cases per 100,000 children. Herein, we assessed the genomes of EHEC O157:H7 isolates recovered from cattle in the humid Pampas of Argentina. According to phylogenetic studies, EHEC O157 can be divided into clades. Clade 8 strains that were classified as hypervirulent. Most of the strains of this clade have a Shiga toxin stx2a-stx2c genotype. To better understand the molecular bases related to virulence, pathogenicity and evolution of EHEC O157:H7, we performed a comparative genomic analysis of these isolates through whole genome sequencing. The isolates classified as clade 8 (four strains) and clade 6 (four strains) contained 13 to 16 lambdoid prophages per genome, and the observed variability of prophages was analysed. An inter strain comparison show that while some prophages are highly related and can be grouped into families, other are unique. Prophages encoding for stx2a were highly diverse, while those encoding for stx2c were conserved. A cluster of genes exclusively found in clade 8 contained 13 genes that mostly encoded for DNA binding proteins. In the studied strains, polymorphisms in Q antiterminator, the Q-stx2A intergenic region and the O and P γ alleles of prophage replication proteins are associated with different levels of Stx2a production. As expected, all strains had the pO157 plasmid that was highly conserved, although one strain displayed a transposon interruption in the protease EspP gene. This genomic analysis may contribute to the understanding of the genetic basis of the hypervirulence of EHEC O157:H7 strains circulating in Argentine cattle. This work aligns with other studies of O157 strain variation in other populations that shows key differences in Stx2a-encoding prophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Amadio
- Instituto de Investigación de la Cadena Láctea IDICaL (INTA-CONICET), Rafaela, Argentina
| | - James L. Bono
- U.S Meat Animal Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Clay Center, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Matías Irazoqui
- Instituto de Investigación de la Cadena Láctea IDICaL (INTA-CONICET), Rafaela, Argentina
| | - Mariano Larzábal
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO)-CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Wanderson Marques da Silva
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO)-CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | | | - Nahuel A. Riviere
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO)-CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - David Gally
- Division of Immunity and Infection, The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Shannon D. Manning
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Angel Cataldi
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO)-CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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He Q, Liu Y, Liu D, Guo M. Integration of transcriptomic and proteomic approaches unveils the molecular mechanism of membrane disintegration in Escherichia coli O157:H7 with ultrasonic treatment. Sci Total Environ 2021; 791:148366. [PMID: 34139494 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasonic disinfection in wastewater treatment has been studied for years at the phenotypic level, while the understanding of the molecular inactivation mechanism is still not clear. Here, the responses of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to ultrasound treatment were investigated using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and tandem mass tags (TMT) based quantitative proteomics methods. The analyses revealed that 770 genes and 201 proteins were significantly changed upon ultrasound treatment. Moreover, the integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses uncovered a set of 59 genes or proteins were differentially expressed in ultrasound-treated cells, providing an overview of the cellular responses to ultrasonic field. According to the bioinformatic analyses, genes and proteins that may be involved in lipid asymmetry preservation and outer membrane homeostasis maintenance (including phospholipid metabolism, lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis and transport, and fatty acid metabolism) were specifically up-regulated. Therefore, we proposed that the metabolism disorder of cellular membrane lipids (lipopolysaccharide, phospholipid, and fatty acid included) was one of the main challenges for the bacteria upon ultrasonic stress. In this study, we initially proposed a novel mechanism regarding the ultrasound-induced membrane disintegration from a multi-omics perspective, which may present an important step toward deciphering the molecular inactivation mechanism of ultrasonic field and provide a theoretical foundation for the application of ultrasound technology for the control of waterborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao He
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA
| | - Donghong Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Mingming Guo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
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Mostafa A, Ganguli A, Berger J, Rayabharam A, Saavedra C, Aluru NR, Bashir R. Culture-free biphasic approach for sensitive detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from beef samples. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:4516-4529. [PMID: 34415570 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Foodborne illnesses are a major threat to public health also leading to significant mortality and financial and reputational damage to industry. It is very important to detect pathogen presence in food products early, rapidly, and accurately to avoid potential outbreaks and economic loss. However, "gold standard" culture methods, including enrichment of pathogens, can take up to several days. Moreover, the food matrix often interferes with nucleic acid amplification methods of detection, requiring DNA extraction from the sample for successful molecular detection of pathogens. Here, we introduce a "biphasic" amplification method that can achieve high sensitivity detection with background noise from ground beef food samples without culture or other extraction methods in 2.5 h. Homogenized ground beef is dried resulting in an increase in porosity of the dried food matrix to allowing amplification enzymes and primers to access the target DNA and initiate the reaction within the dried food matrix. Using Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification, we demonstrate the detection of 1-3 cfu of Escherichia coli bacteria in 30 mg of dried food matrix. Our approach significantly lowers the time to result to less than a few hours and have a pronounced impact on reduction of instrumentation complexity and costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana Mostafa
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Anurup Ganguli
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Jacob Berger
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Archith Rayabharam
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Carlos Saavedra
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Narayana R Aluru
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Rashid Bashir
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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Liu X, Bu S, Wei H, Wang Z, Yu S, Li Z, Hao Z, He X, Wan J. Visual assay of Escherichia coli O157:H7 based on an isothermal strand displacement and hybrid chain reaction amplification strategy. Anal Methods 2021; 13:3379-3385. [PMID: 34235517 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay00644d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Here, we describe a simple, sensitive, and enzyme-free method for visual point-of-care detection of 16S rRNA of Escherichia coli O157:H7 based on an isothermal strand displacement-hybrid chain reaction (ISD-HCR) and lateral flow strip (LFS). In this study, the secondary structure of 16S rRNA of E. coli O157:H7 was unwound by two helper oligonucleotides to expose the single-strand-specific nucleic acid sequence. The free specific sequence promoted the toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction to output a large number of FITC-labeled single-stranded DNA probes (capture probe [CP]). The 3'-end sequence of the reporter probe propagated a chain reaction of hybridization events between the two hairpin probes modified with biotin to form long nicked DNA polymers with multiple biotins (RP-HCR complexes); the free CP and RP-HCR complexes then form CP/RP-HCR complexes. The biotin-labeled double-stranded DNA CP/RP-HCR polymers then introduced numerous streptavidin (SA)-labeled gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on the LFS. The accumulation of AuNPs produced a characteristic red band, which enabled visual detection of changes in the signal of 16S rRNA of E. coli O157:H7. The current approach could detect E. coli O157:H7 at concentrations as low as 102 CFU mL-1 without instrumentation. This approach thus provides a simple, sensitive, and low-cost tool for point-of-care detection of pathogenic bacteria, especially in resource-limited countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China.
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Park DW, Park JH. Characterization and Food Application of the Novel Lytic Phage BECP10: Specifically Recognizes the O-polysaccharide of Escherichia coli O157:H7. Viruses 2021; 13:1469. [PMID: 34452334 PMCID: PMC8402813 DOI: 10.3390/v13081469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a global concern that causes serious diseases, such as hemolytic uremic syndrome and bloody diarrhea. To control E. coli O157:H7 in food, a novel siphophage, BECP10, that targets the O157 serotype was isolated and characterized. Unlike other E. coli phages, BECP10 can only infect E. coli O157 strains, and thus, did not infect other strains. The 48 kbp genome of BECP10 contained 76 open reading frames (ORFs), including 33 putative functional ORFs. The phage did not contain lysogeny-related modules or toxin-associated genes, suggesting that the phage might be strictly lytic. The tail spike protein (TSP) sequence had very low homology with the reported T1-like phages, indicating that TSP might be related to this unique host spectrum. The specific O-antigen residue of E. coli O157:H7 may be a key factor for phage infection by adsorption and receptor identification. The phage exhibited strong antibacterial activity against E. coli O157:H7 over a broad pH range and showed little development of phage-insensitive mutants. The phage sustained viability on the burger patties and reduced E. coli O157:H7 to a non-detectable level without the emergence of resistant cells at low temperatures for five days. Therefore, phage BECP10 might be a good biocontrol agent for E. coli O157:H7-contaminated food matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jong-Hyun Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
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48
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Crozier L, Marshall J, Holmes A, Wright KM, Rossez Y, Merget B, Humphris S, Toth I, Jackson RW, Holden NJ. The role of l-arabinose metabolism for Escherichia coli O157:H7 in edible plants. Microbiology (Reading) 2021; 167:001070. [PMID: 34319868 PMCID: PMC8489885 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Arabinose is a major plant aldopentose in the form of arabinans complexed in cell wall polysaccharides or glycoproteins (AGP), but comparatively rare as a monosaccharide. l-arabinose is an important bacterial metabolite, accessed by pectolytic micro-organisms such as Pectobacterium atrosepticum via pectin and hemicellulose degrading enzymes. However, not all plant-associated microbes encode cell-wall-degrading enzymes, yet can metabolize l-arabinose, raising questions about their use of and access to the glycan in plants. Therefore, we examined l-arabinose metabolism in the food-borne pathogen Escherichia coli O157:H7 (isolate Sakai) during its colonization of plants. l-arabinose metabolism (araBA) and transport (araF) genes were activated at 18 °C in vitro by l-arabinose and expressed over prolonged periods in planta. Although deletion of araBAD did not impact the colonization ability of E. coli O157:H7 (Sakai) on spinach and lettuce plants (both associated with STEC outbreaks), araA was induced on exposure to spinach cell-wall polysaccharides. Furthermore, debranched and arabinan oligosaccharides induced ara metabolism gene expression in vitro, and stimulated modest proliferation, while immobilized pectin did not. Thus, E. coli O157:H7 (Sakai) can utilize pectin/AGP-derived l-arabinose as a metabolite. Furthermore, it differs fundamentally in ara gene organization, transport and regulation from the related pectinolytic species P. atrosepticum, reflective of distinct plant-associated lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Crozier
- The James Hutton Institute, Cell & Molecular Sciences, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | | | - Ashleigh Holmes
- The James Hutton Institute, Cell & Molecular Sciences, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | | | - Yannick Rossez
- The James Hutton Institute, Cell & Molecular Sciences, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
- Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS-FRE 3580, Centre de Recherche de Royallieu, 60203 COMPIEGNE CEDEX, France
| | - Bernhard Merget
- The James Hutton Institute, Cell & Molecular Sciences, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Sonia Humphris
- The James Hutton Institute, Cell & Molecular Sciences, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Ian Toth
- The James Hutton Institute, Cell & Molecular Sciences, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Robert Wilson Jackson
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Reading, Reading, UK
- Birmingham Institute of Forest Research and School of Biosciences University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Nicola Jean Holden
- The James Hutton Institute, Cell & Molecular Sciences, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
- SRUC, Department of Rural Land Use, Aberdeen, AB21 9YA, UK
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Byrne L, Adams N, Jenkins C. Association between Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 stx Gene Subtype and Disease Severity, England, 2009-2019. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 26:2394-2400. [PMID: 32946720 PMCID: PMC7510717 DOI: 10.3201/eid2610.200319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Signs and symptoms of Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli (STEC) serogroup O157:H7 infection range from mild gastrointestinal to bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). We assessed the association between Shiga toxin gene (stx) subtype and disease severity for »3,000 patients with STEC O157:H7 in England during 2009–2019. Odds of bloody diarrhea, HUS, or both, were significantly higher for patients infected with STEC O157:H7 possessing stx2a only or stx2a combined with other stx subtypes. Odds of severe signs/symptoms were significantly higher for isolates encoding stx2a only and belonging to sublineage Ic and lineage I/II than for those encoding stx2a only and belonging to sublineage IIb, indicating that stx2a is not the only driver causing HUS. Strains of STEC O157:H7 that had stx1a were also significantly more associated with severe disease than strains with stx2c only. This finding confounds public health risk assessment algorithms based on detection of stx2 as a predictor of severe disease.
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50
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Armstrong CM, Lee J, Gehring AG, Capobianco JA. Flow-Through Electrochemical Biosensor for the Detection of Listeria monocytogenes Using Oligonucleotides. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21113754. [PMID: 34071528 PMCID: PMC8198859 DOI: 10.3390/s21113754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Consumption of food contaminated by Listeria monocytogenes can result in Listeriosis, an illness with hospitalization rates of 94% and mortality rates up to 30%. As a result, U.S. regulatory agencies governing food safety retain zero-tolerance policies for L. monocytogenes. However, detection at such low concentrations often requires strategies such as increasing sample size or culture enrichment. A novel flow-through immunoelectrochemical biosensor has been developed for Escherichia coli O157:H7 detection in 1 L volumes without enrichment. The current work further augments this biosensor’s capabilities to (1) include detection of L. monocytogenes and (2) accommodate genetic detection to help overcome limitations based upon antibody availability and address specificity errors in phenotypic assays. Herein, the conjugation scheme for oligo attachment and the conditions necessary for genetic detection are laid forth while results of the present study demonstrate the sensor’s ability to distinguish L. monocytogenes DNA from L. innocua with a limit of detection of ~2 × 104 cells/mL, which agrees with prior studies. Total time for this assay can be constrained to <2.5 h because a timely culture enrichment period is not necessary. Furthermore, the electrochemical detection assay can be performed with hand-held electronics, allowing this platform to be adopted for near-line monitoring systems.
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