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Impact of recipient and donor pretransplantation body mass index on early postosperative complications after lung transplantation. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:161. [PMID: 38570744 PMCID: PMC10988822 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02977-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior studies have assessed the impact of the pretransplantation recipient body mass index (BMI) on patient outcomes after lung transplantation (LT), but they have not specifically addressed early postoperative complications. Moreover, the impact of donor BMI on these complications has not been evaluated. The first aim of this study was to assess complications during hospitalization in the ICU after LT according to donor and recipient pretransplantation BMI. METHODS All the recipients who underwent LT at Bichat Claude Bernard Hospital, Paris, between January 2016 and August 2022 were included in this observational retrospective monocentric study. Postoperative complications were analyzed according to recipient and donor BMIs. Univariate and multivariate analyses were also performed. The 90-day and one-year survival rates were studied. P < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. The Paris-North Hospitals Institutional Review Board approved the study. RESULTS A total of 304 recipients were analyzed. Being underweight was observed in 41 (13%) recipients, a normal weight in 130 (43%) recipients, and being overweight/obese in 133 (44%) recipients. ECMO support during surgery was significantly more common in the overweight/obese group (p = 0.021), as were respiratory complications (primary graft dysfunction (PGD) (p = 0.006), grade 3 PDG (p = 0.018), neuroblocking agent administration (p = 0.008), prone positioning (p = 0.007)), and KDIGO 3 acute kidney injury (p = 0.036). However, pretransplantation overweight/obese status was not an independent risk factor for 90-day mortality. An overweight or obese donor was associated with a decreased PaO2/FiO2 ratio before organ donation (p < 0.001), without affecting morbidity or mortality after LT. CONCLUSION Pretransplantation overweight/obesity in recipients is strongly associated with respiratory and renal complications during hospitalization in the ICU after LT.
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Pth1r in Neural Crest Cells Regulates Nasal Cartilage Differentiation. J Dent Res 2024; 103:308-317. [PMID: 38234039 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231221954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Neural crest cells (NCC) arise from the dorsal margin of the neural plate border and comprise a unique cell population that migrates to and creates the craniofacial region. Although factors including Shh, Fgf8, and bone morphogenetic proteins have been shown to regulate these biological events, the role of parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (Pth1r) has been less studied. We generated an NCC-specific mouse model for Pth1r and researched gene expression, function, and interaction focusing on nasal cartilage framework and midfacial development. Wnt1-Cre;Pth1rfl/fl;Tomatofl/+ mice had perinatal lethality, but we observed short snout and jaws, tongue protrusion, reduced NCC-derived cranial length, increased mineralization in nasal septum and hyoid bones, and less bone mineralization at interfrontal suture in mutants at E18.5. Importantly, the mutant nasal septum and turbinate cartilage histologically revealed gradual, premature accelerated hypertrophic differentiation. We then studied the underlying molecular mechanisms by performing RNA seq analysis and unexpectedly found that expression of Ihh and related signaling molecules was enhanced in mutant nasomaxillary tissues. To see if Pth1r and Ihh signaling are associated, we generated a Wnt1-Cre; Ihhfl/fl;Pth1rfl/fl;Tomatofl/+ (DKO) mouse and compared the phenotypes to those of each single knockout mouse: Wnt1-Cre; Ihhfl/fl;Pth1rfl/+;Tomatofl/+ (Ihh-CKO) and Wnt1-Cre;Ihhfl/+;Pth1rfl/fl;Tomatofl/+ (Pth1r-CKO). Ihh-CKO mice displayed a milder effect. Of note, the excessive hypertrophic conversion of the nasal cartilage framework observed in Pth1r-CKO was somewhat rescued DKO embryos. Further, a half cAMP responsive element and the 4 similar sequences containing 2 mismatches were identified from the promoter to the first intron in Ihh gene. Gli1-CreERT2;Pth1rfl/fl;Tomatofl/+, a Pth1r-deficient model targeted in hedgehog responsive cells, demonstrated the enlarged hypertrophic layer and significantly more Tomato-positive chondrocytes accumulated in the nasal septum and ethmoidal endochondral ossification. Collectively, the data suggest a relevant Pth1r/Ihh interaction. Our findings obtained from novel mouse models for Pth1r signaling illuminate previously unknown aspects in craniofacial biology and development.
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Search for a τ^{+}τ^{-} Resonance in e^{+}e^{-}→μ^{+}μ^{-}τ^{+}τ^{-} Events with the Belle II Experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:121802. [PMID: 37802942 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.121802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
We report the first search for a nonstandard-model resonance decaying into τ pairs in e^{+}e^{-}→μ^{+}μ^{-}τ^{+}τ^{-} events in the 3.6-10 GeV/c^{2} mass range. We use a 62.8 fb^{-1} sample of e^{+}e^{-} collisions collected at a center-of-mass energy of 10.58 GeV by the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider. The analysis probes three different models predicting a spin-1 particle coupling only to the heavier lepton families, a Higgs-like spin-0 particle that couples preferentially to charged leptons (leptophilic scalar), and an axionlike particle, respectively. We observe no evidence for a signal and set exclusion limits at 90% confidence level on the product of cross section and branching fraction into τ pairs, ranging from 0.7 to 24 fb, and on the couplings of these processes. We obtain world-leading constraints on the couplings for the leptophilic scalar model for masses above 6.5 GeV/c^{2} and for the axionlike particle model over the entire mass range.
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Measurement of CP Violation in B^{0}→K_{S}^{0}π^{0} Decays at Belle II. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:111803. [PMID: 37774261 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.111803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
We report a measurement of the CP-violating parameters C and S in B^{0}→K_{S}^{0}π^{0} decays at Belle II using a sample of 387×10^{6} BB[over ¯] events recorded in e^{+}e^{-} collisions at a center-of-mass energy corresponding to the ϒ(4S) resonance. These parameters are determined by fitting the proper decay-time distribution of a sample of 415 signal events. We obtain C=-0.04_{-0.15}^{+0.14}±0.05 and S=0.75_{-0.23}^{+0.20}±0.04, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic.
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Association of poor oral health with increased incidence of dysphagia and impaired improvement in nutritional status among patients with acute heart failure: a prospective cohort study. Eur Geriatr Med 2023; 14:879-888. [PMID: 37310608 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-023-00810-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to clarify the association between oral health and the incidence of dysphagia as well as the recovery of nutritional status and improvement of dysphagia in hospitalized patients with acute heart failure. METHODS Hospitalized patients with AHF were prospectively enrolled. Oral health was evaluated using the Japanese Version of the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT-J) after circulation dynamics improved (defined as baseline), and participants were classified into good and poor oral health groups (OHAT-J 0-2 and ≧ 3, respectively). The primary outcome measure was the incidence of dysphagia evaluated using the Food Intake Level Scale (FILS) at baseline. Secondary outcome measures were nutritional status and FILS score at discharge. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between oral health and the study outcomes. RESULTS Of the 203 recruited patients (mean age, 79.5 years; 50.7% female), 83 (40.9%) were in the poor oral health group. Participants with poor oral health were significantly older, had lower skeletal muscle mass and strength, lower nutrient intake and nutritional status, worse swallowing status, as well as lower cognitive level, and physical function than those with good oral health. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, baseline poor oral health was significantly associated with the incidence of dysphagia (odds ratio = 1.036, P = 0.020), as well as with the improvement in nutritional status (odds ratio = 0.389, P = 0.046) and dysphagia (odds ratio = 0.199, P = 0.026) at discharge. CONCLUSIONS Poor baseline oral health was associated with the incidence of dysphagia, as well as with the lack of improvement in nutritional status and dysphagia in patients with acute heart failure.
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Association of resting energy expenditure-based energy intake sufficiency with functional recovery, dysphagia, and 1-year mortality following heart failure: A prospective observational study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 55:364-372. [PMID: 37202069 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM Evidence for the influence of resting energy expenditure (REE)-based energy intake on the outcomes of patients with heart failure (HF) is scarce. This study evaluates the relationship between REE-based energy intake sufficiency and clinical outcomes in hospitalized HF patients. METHODS This prospective observational study included newly admitted patients with acute HF. REE was measured using indirect calorimetry at baseline and total energy consumption (TEE) was calculated by multiplying REE with activity index. Energy intake (EI) was recorded, and the patients were classified into two groups, namely, the energy intake sufficiency (i.e., EI/TEE ≥1) and energy intake deficiency groups (i.e., EI/TEE <1). The primary outcome was the performance of activities of daily living, assessed using the Barthel Index, at discharge. Other outcomes included dysphagia at discharge and all-cause 1-year mortality following discharge. Dysphagia was defined as a Food Intake Level Scale (FILS) score of <7. Multivariable analyses and Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to determine the association of energy sufficiency both at baseline and at discharge with the outcomes of interest. RESULTS The analysis included 152 patients (mean age, 79.7 years; 51.3% women); of them, 40.1% and 42.8% had inadequate energy intake both at baseline and at discharge, respectively. In multivariable analyses, energy intake sufficiency at discharge was significantly associated with the BI (β = 0.136, p = 0.002) and FILS score (odds ratio = 0.027, p < 0.001) at discharge. Moreover, energy intake sufficiency at discharge was associated with 1-year mortality after discharge (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Adequate energy intake during hospitalization was associated with improved physical and swallowing functions and 1-year survival in HF patients. Adequate nutritional management is essential for hospitalized HF patients, suggesting that adequate energy intake may lead to optimal outcomes.
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Indication and Long-Term Outcome of Pediatric Lung Transplantation in Japan; A Multicenter, Retrospective Study. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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A Novel Strategy In Vivo Lung Recovery for Prompt Recovery from Primary Graft Dysfunction after Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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CD26/Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors as Prophylaxis of Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction after Lung Transplantation, a Clinicopathological Evaluation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Successful Lung Re-Transplantation with Perioperative Desensitization for Sensitized Recipient with Donor Specific DQ Antibody. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Histidine-Rich Glycoprotein Ameliorates Lung Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Mouse. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Bilateral Lung Transplantation from Living Donors in a 67-Year-Old Patient. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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The Effect of CTLA-4-Ig on the Progression of Fibrosis from Acute Cellular Rejection in a Murine Model of Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Impact of Asynchronous Rotational Speed Modulation of Continuous Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device on Cardiac Condition. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Formation and evolution of carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu: Direct evidence from returned samples. Science 2023; 379:eabn8671. [PMID: 36137011 DOI: 10.1126/science.abn8671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Samples of the carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu were brought to Earth by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. We analyzed 17 Ryugu samples measuring 1 to 8 millimeters. Carbon dioxide-bearing water inclusions are present within a pyrrhotite crystal, indicating that Ryugu's parent asteroid formed in the outer Solar System. The samples contain low abundances of materials that formed at high temperatures, such as chondrules and calcium- and aluminum-rich inclusions. The samples are rich in phyllosilicates and carbonates, which formed through aqueous alteration reactions at low temperature, high pH, and water/rock ratios of <1 (by mass). Less altered fragments contain olivine, pyroxene, amorphous silicates, calcite, and phosphide. Numerical simulations, based on the mineralogical and physical properties of the samples, indicate that Ryugu's parent body formed ~2 million years after the beginning of Solar System formation.
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Measurement of the Λ_{c}^{+} Lifetime. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:071802. [PMID: 36867815 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.071802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
An absolute measurement of the Λ_{c}^{+} lifetime is reported using Λ_{c}^{+}→pK^{-}π^{+} decays in events reconstructed from data collected by the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy electron-positron collider. The total integrated luminosity of the data sample, which was collected at center-of-mass energies at or near the ϒ(4S) resonance, is 207.2 fb^{-1}. The result, τ(Λ_{c}^{+})=203.20±0.89±0.77 fs, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic, is the most precise measurement to date and is consistent with previous determinations.
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Search for a Dark Photon and an Invisible Dark Higgs Boson in μ^{+}μ^{-} and Missing Energy Final States with the Belle II Experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:071804. [PMID: 36867830 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.071804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The dark photon A^{'} and the dark Higgs boson h^{'} are hypothetical particles predicted in many dark sector models. We search for the simultaneous production of A^{'} and h^{'} in the dark Higgsstrahlung process e^{+}e^{-}→A^{'}h^{'} with A^{'}→μ^{+}μ^{-} and h^{'} invisible in electron-positron collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 10.58 GeV in data collected by the Belle II experiment in 2019. With an integrated luminosity of 8.34 fb^{-1}, we observe no evidence for signal. We obtain exclusion limits at 90% Bayesian credibility in the range of 1.7-5.0 fb on the cross section and in the range of 1.7×10^{-8}-200×10^{-8} on the effective coupling ϵ^{2}×α_{D} for the A^{'} mass in the range of 4.0 GeV/c^{2}<M_{A^{'}}<9.7 GeV/c^{2} and for the h^{'} mass M_{h^{'}}<M_{A^{'}}, where ϵ is the mixing strength between the standard model and the dark photon and α_{D} is the coupling of the dark photon to the dark Higgs boson. Our limits are the first in this mass range.
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Regression of venous thrombus after trans-sphenoidal hypophysectomy for pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism in a dog. J Small Anim Pract 2023; 64:111-117. [PMID: 36335913 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An 8.0-kg 8-year-old male dachshund was presented for surgical treatment of suspected pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism with portal vein thrombosis. Advanced diagnostic imaging revealed a thrombus in the splenic and portal veins. For the portal vein thrombus, CT angiography showed an enhanced timing delay in the lateral right and caudate liver lobes. Blood tests showed a marked increase in the liver panel, including total bile acid. Brain MRI revealed a pituitary mass, suggesting pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. The mass was completely resected. The preoperative antithrombotic therapy of rivaroxaban (0.66 mg/kg, PO, once per day) and clopidogrel sulphate (1.66 mg/kg, PO, once per day) was continued postoperatively. Six months after resection of the pituitary mass, the thrombus had disappeared. Further studies are required to prove a causal association between the disappearance of the thrombus and the treatments provided.
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A Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome revealed by the event of heat stroke. QJM 2022; 115:760-761. [PMID: 35946786 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcac189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Postprandial reactive hypoglycemia detected with premature ventricular contraction. QJM 2022; 115:675-676. [PMID: 35895009 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcac167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Effect of real-time remote-based cardiac rehabilitation on subjective satisfaction and objective performance during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Eur Heart J 2022. [PMCID: PMC9619548 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Real-time remote-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programmes improve exercise capacity. However, satisfaction and performance improvements after remote-based CR remain unclear. In addition to physical function, subjective satisfaction and objective performance may be adversely affected during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Purpose This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of real-time remote-based CR versus hospital-based CR in improving physical function, subjective satisfaction, and objective performance (i.e., activity limitations and participation restrictions). Methods We conducted a quasi-randomised controlled trial and recruited 38 patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). The patients participated in 4 weeks of hospital-based CR, followed by 12 weeks of remote or hospital-based CR based on quasi-randomised allocation. We assessed the participants at baseline and after 12 weeks of remote or hospital-based CR using the shortened version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life scale (WHOQOL-BREF) for subjective satisfaction, the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) for objective performance, and peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2) using the cardiopulmonary exercise test, for physical function. We evaluated individual results by measuring baseline to post-CR changes (i.e., delta [Δ]) (paired t-test) and then compared the remote and hospital-based CR programmes (unpaired t-test). Results Sixteen patients (72.2±10.4 years) completed remote-based CR and fifteen patients (77.3±4.8 years) completed hospital-based CR. Seven patients were excluded owing to other health complications (n=2) and inability to attend hospital based-CR (n=5). In the remote-based CR group, the peak VO2 (before: 12.0±2.7 mL min–1 kg–1; after: 14.9±3.9 mL min–1 kg–1; p<0.05) and the WHOQOL-BREF score (before: 77.4±12.8 points; after: 93.9±12.9 points; p<0.001) were significantly higher, whereas the WHODAS 2.0 score was significantly lower (before: 19.9±13.2 points; after: 11.3±6.8 points; p<0.05) after rehabilitation than at baseline. The post-CR physical function differed significantly between the two groups (Δpeak VO2, remote: 2.8±3.0 mL min–1 kg–1; hospital: 0.84±1.8 mL min–1 kg–1; p<0.05). The post-CR change in the WHOQOL-BREF score was not significantly different between the groups. The post-CR change in the WHODAS 2.0 score was significantly lower in the remote-based CR group than in the hospital-based CR group. (ΔWHODAS 2.0 score, remote: –8.56±14.2 points; hospital: 2.14±7.6 points; p<0.01). Conclusions Remote-based CR significantly improved physical function and objective performance in patients with CVD. Remote-based CR could be an effective treatment for stable patients who are unable to visit the hospital during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. In the future, risk stratification according to severity of illness is needed. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): Sanei Medicis company.
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Gastrointestinal: Rare malignant biliary stricture with rapid progression. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 37:1839. [PMID: 35307882 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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Trousseau's sign in a patient with Crohn's disease. QJM 2022; 115:627-628. [PMID: 35604106 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcac127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Response to: VATS for refractory pneumothorax: a minimal access curative surgery. QJM 2022; 115:639. [PMID: 34718800 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcab275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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PREMATURE MENOPAUSE AND OBESITY DUE TO OOCYTE LOSS IN FEMALE MICE CHRONICALLY EXPOSED TO LOW DOSE-RATE γ-RAYS. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2022; 198:926-933. [PMID: 36083721 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncac014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In previous reports, the authors showed a significant overall increase in neoplasms originating from the ovaries (2007) and increased body weights (2007, 2010) in female B6C3F1 mice chronically exposed to low dose-rate γ-rays at 20 mGy/day (total doses = 8 (2007) or 6 Gy (2010)), as well as significant increases in serum leptin, total cholesterol, adipose tissue deposits and liver lipid content (2010). The present study chronicles the progression of ovarian failure in relation to obesity and dyslipidemia in female B6C3F1 mice chronically exposed to low dose-rate of γ-rays from 9 to 43 weeks of age (total dose = 4.8 Gy). We monitored changes in body weights, estrus cycles, ovarian follicle counts, serum cholesterol and serum leptin. The number of mice with irregular estrus cycles and increased body weights (with increased fat deposits) significantly increased from 30-36 weeks of age. Depletion of oocytes in ovaries from irradiated mice at 30 weeks of age (accumulated dose = 3 Gy) was also observed. Findings suggest that obesity in female B6C3F1 mice continuously irradiated with low dose-rate of γ-rays at 20 mGy/day is a consequence of premature menopause due to radiation-induced oocyte depletion.
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Tuberculous aortic aneurysm developed with miliary tuberculosis. QJM 2022; 115:543-544. [PMID: 35678564 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcac142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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AB0095 CHARACTERISTICS OF TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA AND INTERLEUKIN-6-INDUCED OSTEOCLASTS IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD AND BONE TISSUE FROM PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.4645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundWe have previously reported that stimulation of mouse bone marrow–derived macrophages with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) induces differentiation of osteoclast-like cells having bone resorption ability1. Recently, we have shown that the combination of TNF-α and IL-6 can induce osteoclasts from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) via RANKL-independent pathways, and that there are functional differences between TNF-α and IL-6-induced osteoclasts (T6-OCs) and RANKL-induced, conventional osteoclasts (cOCs). In particular, the number of T6-OCs differentiated from PBMCs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) positively correlated with the modified total Sharp score (mTSS)2. On the other hands, no such correlation was observed between the number of cOCs from RA and mTSS.ObjectivesObjectives of this study were to compare the differentiational potential into T6-OCs of PBMCs from RA patients with those from healthy donors, to clarify mRNA and protein expressions of T6-OCs derived from PBMCs from patients with RA, and to identify tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP) positive multinuclear cells with the same characters as T6-OCs histologically in the sub-chondral bone tissues from patients with RA and osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsPBMCs and CD14+ monocytes derived from RA patients and healthy volunteers were stimulated with TNF-α and IL-6 or RANKL. Real-time quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence staining were used to measure expression levels of osteoclast-associated mRNA and protein. Consecutive sections of the proximal tibial bone tissue from patients with RA and OA (n=6 each) were stained by TRACP, and analyzed expression levels of osteoclast-associated molecules by immunohistochemistry.ResultsThe number of T6-OCs differentiated from PBMCs in RA patients was significantly increased compared to that in healthy volunteers. Expression levels of RANK mRNA and protein were clearly up-regulated in cOCs differentiated from CD14+ monocytes and were down-regulated in T6-OCs. In contrast, expression levels of MMP-3 mRNA and protein were obviously up-regulated in T6-OCs and down-regulated in cOCs. Therefore, we believe T6-OCs and cOCs were differently identified on bone tissue as TRACP+RANK-/MMP-3+ cells and TRACP+RANK+/MMP-3- cells, respectively. The numbers of TRACP+ osteoclasts in subchondral cancellous bone were significantly increased in RA patients compared to those in OA patients. Interestingly, numerous TRACP+/RANK-/MMP-3+ osteoclasts were present in the subchondral bone from patients with RA, on the other hands, no such cells observed in OA patients.ConclusionThe PBMCs of RA patients have definitely increased differentiation capacity into T6-OCs, which have potential of degrading chondral tissue. Additionally, cells having same characteristics with T6-OCs are observed in subchondral bone of patients with RA. These results suggest that novel T6-OCs may be involved in the pathogenic mechanisms of inflammatory bone destruction in patients with RA.References[1]Yokota K, Sato K, Miyazaki T, Kitaura H, Kayama H, Miyoshi F, Araki Y, Akiyama Y, Takeda K, Mimura T. Combination of Tumor Necrosis Factor α and Interleukin-6 Induces Mouse Osteoclast-like Cells With Bone Resorption Activity Both in Vitro and In Vivo. Arthritis & Rheumatology Jan;66(1):121-9, 2014.[2]Yokota K, Sato K, Miyazaki T, Aizaki Y, Tanaka S, Sekikawa M, Kozu N, Kadono Y, Oda H, Mimura T. Characterization and Function of Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha and Interleukin-6-Induced Osteoclasts in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis & Rheumatology Jul;73(7):1145-1154, 2021.AcknowledgementsWe are grateful to H. Kajiyama and Y. Araki (Saitama Medical University) for helpful discussion.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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The Effects of Early Postoperative Nutrition Support on Enhanced Recovery After Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Cytomegalovirus Infection After Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Use of Basiliximab in Recipients Who Required Dose Reduction or Discontinuation of Calcineurin Inhibitors Early After Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Interrupted versus Continuous Suture for Bronchial Anastomosis in Lung Transplantation: Does It Matter? J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Identification of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Renal Dysfunction After Lung Transplantation Using Ethnic-Specific SNP Array. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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The Percentage of Low Attenuation Area on Computed Tomography to Detect Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction After Bilateral Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Impact of Left Ventricular Unloading Under Circulatory Support with Venoarterial ECMO in Heart Failure Animal Model. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Strategy for Pre- and Post-Transplant Management of Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Fibrosis of Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction After Orthotopic Lung Transplantation is Prevented in the Absence of Secondary Lymphoid Organs in a Mouse Model. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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The cumulative incidence of and risk factors for morphometric severe vertebral fractures in Japanese men and women: the ROAD study third and fourth surveys. Osteoporos Int 2022; 33:889-899. [PMID: 34797391 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-06143-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This population-based cohort study with a 3-year follow-up revealed that the annual incidence rates of vertebral fracture (VF) and severe VF (sVF) were 5.9%/year and 1.7%/year, respectively. The presence of mild VF at the baseline was a significant risk factor for incident sVF in participants without prevalent sVF. INTRODUCTION This study aimed to estimate the incidence of morphometric vertebral fracture (VF) and severe VF (sVF) in men and women and clarify whether the presence of a mild VF (mVF) increases the risk of incident sVF. METHODS Data from the population-based cohort study, entitled the Research on Osteoarthritis/Osteoporosis Against Disability (ROAD) study, were analyzed. In total, 1190 participants aged ≥ 40 years (mean age, 65.0 ± 11.2) years completed whole-spine lateral radiography both at the third (2012-2013, baseline) and fourth surveys performed 3 years later (2015-2016, follow-up). VF was defined using Genant's semi-quantitative (SQ) method: VF as SQ ≥ 1, mVF as SQ = 1, and sVF as SQ ≥ 2. Cumulative incidence of VF and sVF was estimated. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate risk factors for incident sVF. RESULTS The baseline prevalence of mVF and sVF were 16.8% and 6.0%, respectively. The annual incidence rates of VF and sVF were 5.9%/year and 1.7%/year, respectively. The annual incidence rates of sVF in participants without prevalent VF, with prevalent mVF, and with prevalent sVF were 0.6%/year, 3.8%/year, and 11.7%/year (p < 0.001), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analyses in participants without prevalent sVF showed that the adjusted odds ratios for incident sVF were 4.12 [95% confident interval 1.85-9.16] and 4.53 [1.49-13.77] if the number of prevalent mVF at the baseline was 1 and ≥ 2, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The annual incidence rates of VF and sVF were 5.9%/year and 1.7%/year, respectively. The presence of prevalent mVF was an independent risk factor for incident sVF.
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Decoupling Between Pulmonary Artery Diastolic and Wedge Pressure Following TAVR. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Reduction of Donor Mononuclear Phagocytes During Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion Attenuates Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Rat Lung Transplantation Model. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Pebbles and sand on asteroid (162173) Ryugu: In situ observation and particles returned to Earth. Science 2022; 375:1011-1016. [PMID: 35143255 DOI: 10.1126/science.abj8624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The Hayabusa2 spacecraft investigated the C-type (carbonaceous) asteroid (162173) Ryugu. The mission performed two landing operations to collect samples of surface and subsurface material, the latter exposed by an artificial impact. We present images of the second touchdown site, finding that ejecta from the impact crater was present at the sample location. Surface pebbles at both landing sites show morphological variations ranging from rugged to smooth, similar to Ryugu's boulders, and shapes from quasi-spherical to flattened. The samples were returned to Earth on 6 December 2020. We describe the morphology of >5 grams of returned pebbles and sand. Their diverse color, shape, and structure are consistent with the observed materials of Ryugu; we conclude that they are a representative sample of the asteroid.
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Clinical implications of troponin-T elevations following TAVR. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab849.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
Baseline and post-procedural elevations in serum troponin-T levels are associated with increased morbidity and mortality following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). However, the prognostic impact of change in serum troponin-T level following TAVR remains unknown.
Methods
Among the patients with severe aortic stenosis who underwent TAVR, those with baseline serum troponin-T level ≥51.5 ng/L were excluded. The impact of increases in serum troponin-T level to an abnormally high range (≥51.5 ng/L) following TAVR on 2-year cardiovascular death or heart failure readmissions was investigated.
Results
Among 189 included patients (median 86 years old, 28% men), serum troponin-T level increased in 79 patients following TAVR. An increase in serum troponin-T was associated with a higher rate of 30-day adverse events, predominantly due to pacemaker implantation for complete atrio-ventricular block, and a higher 2-year cumulative incidence of the primary endpoint (hazard ratio 3.97, 95% confidence interval 1.51-10.4, p = 0.005) adjusted for the use of balloon-expandable valve and post-TAVR pacemaker implantation (Figure 1).
Conclusion
Post-procedural increase in serum troponin-T level was associated with adverse clinical outcomes following TAVR. Abstract Figure. Cumulative incidence of endpoint
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Postoperative loss of independence 1 year after liver resection: prospective multicentre study. Br J Surg 2022; 109:e54-e55. [PMID: 35041737 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Increased plasma drug concentration and decreased additional insulin secretion following oral administration of glimepiride in Spontaneously Diabetic Torii rats. DIE PHARMAZIE 2022; 77:6-8. [PMID: 35045918 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2022.1950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacological effects of glimepiride in the Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) rat, which is a non-obese model of type 2 diabetes. After oral administration of glimepiride (10 mg/kg), the maximum plasma concentrations and the area under the curve from 0 to 6 h of glimepiride in SDT rats were significantly higher than those in age-matched Sprague-Dawley rats. Whereas, additional insulin secretion following glimepiride treatment was markedly reduced in SDT rats. Thus, the SDT rat can be regarded as a model that reflects type 2 diabetes with reduced insulin secretory capacity. Our findings suggested that glimepiride could be ineffective in sever type 2 diabetic patients.
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Structural analysis of the diagnostic rack locking in ITER lower port #8. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Neurological outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest occurring in Tokyo train and subway stations. Resusc Plus 2021; 8:100175. [PMID: 34816139 PMCID: PMC8591414 DOI: 10.1016/j.resplu.2021.100175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to identify a relationship between the background environment, bystander and emergency medical services intervention, and favourable neurological outcomes (CPC1-2) one-month after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) occurred at Tokyo train and subway stations. Methods This retrospective observational study used OHCA data between 2014 and 2018 that occurred at train stations in Tokyo. The eligible 954 patients were analysed for correlation between background, time frame, and location. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate factors associated with CPC1-2 in patients with cardiogenic OHCA. Results A total of 886 OHCA cases, cardiogenic (n=562) and non-cardiogenic (n=324), met the inclusion criteria. Of the cardiogenic cases, 71.9% occurred at the platform and on-a-train. One-month CPC1-2 was achieved in 32.0% of cardiogenic OHCAs, which included 47.3% during morning rush hour, 24.7% during daytime hours, 40.2% during evening rush hour, and 20.5% during night-time/early morning hours. CPC1-2 had significant correlation with morning rush hour (adjusted odds ratio [AOR],4.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09–18.78), evening rush hour (AOR, 6.85; 95% CI, 1.51–31.15), public access defibrillation (AOR, 5.19; 95% CI, 1.38–19.51), and ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (AOR, 7.56; 95% CI, 1.35–42.43). Conclusion A total of 71.9% of cardiogenic OHCAs occurred at platforms and on trains. To improve neurological outcomes of OHCAs at stations, AED installations on train platforms are necessary. Additionally, using artificial intelligence-based platform monitoring for early detection of OHCAs and offering CPR training are required.
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Precise Measurement of the D^{0} and D^{+} Lifetimes at Belle II. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:211801. [PMID: 34860075 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.211801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report a measurement of the D^{0} and D^{+} lifetimes using D^{0}→K^{-}π^{+} and D^{+}→K^{-}π^{+}π^{+} decays reconstructed in e^{+}e^{-}→cc[over ¯] data recorded by the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy e^{+}e^{-} collider. The data, collected at center-of-mass energies at or near the ϒ(4S) resonance, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 72 fb^{-1}. The results, τ(D^{0})=410.5±1.1(stat)±0.8(syst) fs and τ(D^{+})=1030.4±4.7(stat)±3.1(syst) fs, are the most precise to date and are consistent with previous determinations.
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Pre-Treatment Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Histogram Metrics as a Predictor of Local Tumor Control After Proton Beam Therapy in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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A randomized, controlled trial of once-weekly teriparatide injection versus alendronate in patients at high risk of osteoporotic fracture: primary results of the Japanese Osteoporosis Intervention Trial-05. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:2301-2311. [PMID: 34002252 PMCID: PMC8563544 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-05996-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In this randomized, controlled trial, treatment with once-weekly subcutaneous injection of teriparatide for 72 weeks was found to be associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of morphometric vertebral fractures compared with alendronate in women with primary osteoporosis who were at high risk of fracture. INTRODUCTION To determine whether the anti-fracture efficacy of teriparatide is superior to that of alendronate, a prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded-endpoint trial was performed. METHODS Japanese women aged at least 75 years were eligible for the study if they had primary osteoporosis and were at high risk of fracture. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive sequential therapy (once-weekly subcutaneous injection of teriparatide 56.5 μg for 72 weeks followed by alendronate for 48 weeks) or monotherapy with alendronate for 120 weeks. The primary endpoint was the incidence of morphometric vertebral fractures at 72 weeks (at the end of teriparatide treatment). RESULTS Between October 2014 and December 2017, 1011 patients (505 in the teriparatide group and 506 in the alendronate group) were enrolled. Of these, 778 patients (351 and 427, respectively) were included in the primary analysis. The incidence of morphometric vertebral fractures was significantly lower in the teriparatide group (56 per 419.9 person-years, annual incidence rate 0.1334) than in the alendronate group (96 per 553.6 person-years, annual incidence rate 0.1734), with a rate ratio of 0.78 (95% confidence interval 0.61 to 0.99, P = 0.04). In both groups, adverse events were most frequently reported in the following system organ classes: infections and infestations, gastrointestinal disorders, and musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders. CONCLUSION Once-weekly subcutaneous injection of teriparatide significantly reduced the incidence of morphometric vertebral fractures compared with alendronate in women with primary osteoporosis who were at high risk of fracture. TRIAL REGISTRATION jRCTs031180235 and UMIN000015573, March 12, 2019.
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Search for B^{+}→K^{+}νν[over ¯] Decays Using an Inclusive Tagging Method at Belle II. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:181802. [PMID: 34767404 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.181802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A search for the flavor-changing neutral-current decay B^{+}→K^{+}νν[over ¯] is performed at the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB asymmetric energy electron-positron collider. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 63 fb^{-1} collected at the ϒ(4S) resonance and a sample of 9 fb^{-1} collected at an energy 60 MeV below the resonance. Because the measurable decay signature involves only a single charged kaon, a novel measurement approach is used that exploits not only the properties of the B^{+}→K^{+}νν[over ¯] decay, but also the inclusive properties of the other B meson in the ϒ(4S)→BB[over ¯] event, to suppress the background from other B meson decays and light-quark pair production. This inclusive tagging approach offers a higher signal efficiency compared to previous searches. No significant signal is observed. An upper limit on the branching fraction of B^{+}→K^{+}νν[over ¯] of 4.1×10^{-5} is set at the 90% confidence level.
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