1
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Day EA, Townsend LK, Rehal S, Batchuluun B, Wang D, Morrow MR, Lu R, Lundenberg L, Lu JH, Desjardins EM, Smith TK, Raphenya AR, McArthur AG, Fullerton MD, Steinberg GR. Macrophage AMPK β1 activation by PF-06409577 reduces the inflammatory response, cholesterol synthesis, and atherosclerosis in mice. iScience 2023; 26:108269. [PMID: 38026185 PMCID: PMC10654588 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is characterized by both chronic low-grade inflammation and dyslipidemia. The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibits cholesterol synthesis and dampens inflammation but whether pharmacological activation reduces atherosclerosis is equivocal. In the current study, we found that the orally bioavailable and highly selective activator of AMPKβ1 complexes, PF-06409577, reduced atherosclerosis in two mouse models in a myeloid-derived AMPKβ1 dependent manner, suggesting a critical role for macrophages. In bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), PF-06409577 dose dependently activated AMPK as indicated by increased phosphorylation of downstream substrates ULK1 and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), which are important for autophagy and fatty acid oxidation/de novo lipogenesis, respectively. Treatment of BMDMs with PF-06409577 suppressed fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis and transcripts related to the inflammatory response while increasing transcripts important for autophagy through AMPKβ1. These data indicate that pharmacologically targeting macrophage AMPKβ1 may be a promising strategy for reducing atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A. Day
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
| | - Logan K. Townsend
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
| | - Sonia Rehal
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
| | - Battsetseg Batchuluun
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
| | - Marisa R. Morrow
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
| | - Rachel Lu
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
| | - Lucie Lundenberg
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
| | - Jessie H. Lu
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
| | - Eric M. Desjardins
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
| | - Tyler K.T. Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Amogelang R. Raphenya
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew G. McArthur
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Morgan D. Fullerton
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Gregory R. Steinberg
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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2
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Wang D, Townsend LK, DesOrmeaux GJ, Frangos SM, Batchuluun B, Dumont L, Kuhre RE, Ahmadi E, Hu S, Rebalka IA, Gautam J, Jabile MJT, Pileggi CA, Rehal S, Desjardins EM, Tsakiridis EE, Lally JSV, Juracic ES, Tupling AR, Gerstein HC, Paré G, Tsakiridis T, Harper ME, Hawke TJ, Speakman JR, Blondin DP, Holloway GP, Jørgensen SB, Steinberg GR. GDF15 promotes weight loss by enhancing energy expenditure in muscle. Nature 2023; 619:143-150. [PMID: 37380764 PMCID: PMC10322716 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06249-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Caloric restriction that promotes weight loss is an effective strategy for treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and improving insulin sensitivity in people with type 2 diabetes1. Despite its effectiveness, in most individuals, weight loss is usually not maintained partly due to physiological adaptations that suppress energy expenditure, a process known as adaptive thermogenesis, the mechanistic underpinnings of which are unclear2,3. Treatment of rodents fed a high-fat diet with recombinant growth differentiating factor 15 (GDF15) reduces obesity and improves glycaemic control through glial-cell-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor α-like (GFRAL)-dependent suppression of food intake4-7. Here we find that, in addition to suppressing appetite, GDF15 counteracts compensatory reductions in energy expenditure, eliciting greater weight loss and reductions in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) compared to caloric restriction alone. This effect of GDF15 to maintain energy expenditure during calorie restriction requires a GFRAL-β-adrenergic-dependent signalling axis that increases fatty acid oxidation and calcium futile cycling in the skeletal muscle of mice. These data indicate that therapeutic targeting of the GDF15-GFRAL pathway may be useful for maintaining energy expenditure in skeletal muscle during caloric restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wang
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Logan K Townsend
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Geneviève J DesOrmeaux
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara M Frangos
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Battsetseg Batchuluun
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lauralyne Dumont
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rune Ehrenreich Kuhre
- Global Obesity and Liver Disease Research, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk, Maaloev, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elham Ahmadi
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sumei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Irena A Rebalka
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jaya Gautam
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Joy Therese Jabile
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chantal A Pileggi
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sonia Rehal
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric M Desjardins
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Evangelia E Tsakiridis
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - James S V Lally
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emma Sara Juracic
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Russell Tupling
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hertzel C Gerstein
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Guillaume Paré
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Theodoros Tsakiridis
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary-Ellen Harper
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas J Hawke
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - John R Speakman
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health, Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics (CCEAEG), Kunming, China
| | - Denis P Blondin
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Graham P Holloway
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sebastian Beck Jørgensen
- Global Obesity and Liver Disease Research, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk, Maaloev, Denmark
- Bio Innovation Hub Transformational Research Unit, Novo Nordisk, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gregory R Steinberg
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Dotan I, Yang J, Ikeda J, Roth Z, Pollock-Tahiri E, Desai H, Sivasubramaniyam T, Rehal S, Rapps J, Li YZ, Le H, Farber G, Alchami E, Xiao C, Karim S, Gronda M, Saikali MF, Tirosh A, Wagner KU, Genest J, Schimmer AD, Gupta V, Minden MD, Cummins CL, Lewis GF, Robbins C, Jongstra-Bilen J, Cybulsky M, Woo M. Macrophage Jak2 deficiency accelerates atherosclerosis through defects in cholesterol efflux. Commun Biol 2022; 5:132. [PMID: 35169231 PMCID: PMC8847578 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition in which macrophages play a major role. Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) is a pivotal molecule in inflammatory and metabolic signaling, and Jak2V617F activating mutation has recently been implicated with enhancing clonal hematopoiesis and atherosclerosis. To determine the essential in vivo role of macrophage (M)-Jak2 in atherosclerosis, we generate atherosclerosis-prone ApoE-null mice deficient in M-Jak2. Contrary to our expectation, these mice exhibit increased plaque burden with no differences in macrophage proliferation, recruitment or bone marrow clonal expansion. Notably, M-Jak2-deficient bone marrow derived macrophages show a significant defect in cholesterol efflux. Pharmacologic JAK2 inhibition with ruxolitinib also leads to defects in cholesterol efflux and accelerates atherosclerosis. Liver X receptor agonist abolishes the efflux defect and attenuates the accelerated atherosclerosis that occurs with M-Jak2 deficiency. Macrophages of individuals with the Jak2V617F mutation show increased efflux which is normalized when treated with a JAK2 inhibitor. Together, M-Jak2-deficiency leads to accelerated atherosclerosis primarily through defects in cholesterol efflux from macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idit Dotan
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Endocrinology, Beilinson Campus, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jiro Ikeda
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ziv Roth
- Program in Cell Biology, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Evan Pollock-Tahiri
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Harsh Desai
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Sonia Rehal
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Josh Rapps
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yu Zhe Li
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Helen Le
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gedaliah Farber
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Edouard Alchami
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Changting Xiao
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Saraf Karim
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marcela Gronda
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael F Saikali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Amit Tirosh
- Endocrine Cancer Genomics Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Kay-Uwe Wagner
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Tumor Biology Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jacques Genest
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Aaron D Schimmer
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Vikas Gupta
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mark D Minden
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Carolyn L Cummins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gary F Lewis
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Clinton Robbins
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jenny Jongstra-Bilen
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Myron Cybulsky
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Minna Woo
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University Health Network and Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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4
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Pulakazhi Venu VK, Alston L, Iftinca M, Tsai YC, Stephens M, Warriyar K V V, Rehal S, Hudson G, Szczepanski H, von der Weid PY, Altier C, Hirota SA. Nr4A1 modulates inflammation-associated intestinal fibrosis and dampens fibrogenic signaling in myofibroblasts. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 321:G280-G297. [PMID: 34288735 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00338.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal fibrosis is a common complication of the inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), contributing to tissue stiffening and luminal narrowing. Human nuclear receptor 4A 1 (NR4A1) was previously reported to regulate mesenchymal cell function and dampen fibrogenic signaling. NR4A1 gene variants are associated with IBD risk, and it has been shown to regulate intestinal inflammation. Here, we tested the hypothesis that NR4A1 acts as a negative regulator of intestinal fibrosis through regulating myofibroblast function. Using the SAMP1/YitFc mouse, we tested whether two pharmacological agents known to enhance NR4A1 signaling, cytosporone B (Csn-B) or 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP), could reduce fibrosis. We also used the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) model of colitis and assessed the magnitude of colonic fibrosis in mouse nuclear receptor 4A 1 (Nr4a1-/-) and their wild-type littermates (Nr4a1+/+). Lastly, intestinal myofibroblasts isolated from Nr4a1-/- and Nr4a1+/+ mice or primary human intestinal myofibroblasts were stimulated with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), in the presence or absence of Csn-B or 6-MP, and proliferation and ECM gene expression assessed. Csn-B or 6-MP treatment significantly reduced ileal thickness, collagen, and overall ECM content in SAMP1/YitFc mice. This was associated with a reduction in proliferative markers within the mesenchymal compartment. Nr4a1-/- mice exposed to DSS exhibited increased colonic thickening and ECM content. Nr4a1-/- myofibroblasts displayed enhanced TGF-β1-induced proliferation. Furthermore, Csn-B or 6-MP treatment was antiproliferative in Nr4a1+/+ but not Nr4a1-/- cells. Lastly, activating NR4A1 in human myofibroblasts reduced TGF-β1-induced collagen deposition and fibrosis-related gene expression. Our data suggest that NR4A1 can attenuate fibrotic processes in intestinal myofibroblasts and could provide a valuable clinical target to treat inflammation-associated intestinal fibrosis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Fibrosis and increased muscle thickening contribute to stricture formation and intestinal obstruction, a complication that occurs in 30%-50% of patients with CD within 10 yr of disease onset. More than 50% of those who undergo surgery to remove the obstructed bowel will experience stricture recurrence. To date, there are no drug-based approaches approved to treat intestinal strictures. In the current submission, we identify NR4A1 as a novel target to treat inflammation-associated intestinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Krishna Pulakazhi Venu
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Disease, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Laurie Alston
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Disease, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mircea Iftinca
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Disease, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yi-Cheng Tsai
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Disease, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Matthew Stephens
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Disease, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vineetha Warriyar K V
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sonia Rehal
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Grace Hudson
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Disease, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Holly Szczepanski
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Disease, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Pierre-Yves von der Weid
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Disease, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christophe Altier
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Disease, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Simon A Hirota
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Immunology, Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Disease, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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5
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Day EA, Ford RJ, Smith BK, Houde VP, Stypa S, Rehal S, Lhotak S, Kemp BE, Trigatti BL, Werstuck GH, Austin RC, Fullerton MD, Steinberg GR. Salsalate reduces atherosclerosis through AMPKβ1 in mice. Mol Metab 2021; 53:101321. [PMID: 34425254 PMCID: PMC8429104 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Salsalate is a prodrug of salicylate that lowers blood glucose in people with type 2 diabetes. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an αβγ heterotrimer which inhibits macrophage inflammation and the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol in the liver through phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), respectively. Salicylate binds to and activates AMPKβ1-containing heterotrimers that are highly expressed in both macrophages and liver, but the potential importance of AMPK and ability of salsalate to reduce atherosclerosis have not been evaluated. Methods ApoE−/− and LDLr−/− mice with or without (−/−) germline or bone marrow AMPKβ1, respectively, were treated with salsalate, and atherosclerotic plaque size was evaluated in serial sections of the aortic root. Studies examining the effects of salicylate on markers of inflammation, fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis and proliferation were conducted in bone marrow–derived macrophages (BMDMs) from wild-type mice or mice lacking AMPKβ1 or the key AMPK-inhibitory phosphorylation sites on ACC (ACC knock-in (KI)-ACC KI) or HMGCR (HMGCR-KI). Results Salsalate reduced atherosclerotic plaques in the aortic roots of ApoE−/− mice, but not ApoE−/− AMPKβ1−/− mice. Similarly, salsalate reduced atherosclerosis in LDLr−/− mice receiving wild-type but not AMPKβ1−/− bone marrow. Reductions in atherosclerosis by salsalate were associated with reduced macrophage proliferation, reduced plaque lipid content and reduced serum cholesterol. In BMDMs, this suppression of proliferation by salicylate required phosphorylation of HMGCR and the suppression of cholesterol synthesis. Conclusions These data indicate that salsalate suppresses macrophage proliferation and atherosclerosis through an AMPKβ1-dependent pathway, which may involve HMGCR phosphorylation and cholesterol synthesis. Since rapidly-proliferating macrophages are a hallmark of atherosclerosis, these data indicate further evaluation of salsalate as a potential therapeutic agent for treating atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Salsalate (a dimer of salicylate) activates AMPK in macrophages and reduces atherosclerosis. Salicylate-induced reductions in atherosclerosis are associated with reduced macrophage proliferation and serum cholesterol. AMPK phosphorylation of HMG-CoA reductase is required for suppressing cholesterol synthesis and macrophage proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Day
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada
| | - Rebecca J Ford
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada
| | - Brennan K Smith
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada
| | - Vanessa P Houde
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada
| | - Stephanie Stypa
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada
| | - Sonia Rehal
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada
| | - Sarka Lhotak
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada; Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Canada
| | - Bruce E Kemp
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Bernardo L Trigatti
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Canada; Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Canada
| | - Geoff H Werstuck
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Canada; Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Canada
| | - Richard C Austin
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada; Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Canada
| | - Morgan D Fullerton
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Gregory R Steinberg
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Canada.
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6
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Kataru RP, Wiser I, Baik JE, Park HJ, Rehal S, Shin JY, Mehrara BJ. Fibrosis and secondary lymphedema: chicken or egg? Transl Res 2019; 209:68-76. [PMID: 31022376 PMCID: PMC7400991 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Secondary lymphedema is a common complication of cancer treatment resulting in progressive fibroadipose tissue deposition, increased risk of infections, and, in rare cases, secondary malignancies. Until recently, the pathophysiology of secondary lymphedema was thought to be related to impaired collateral lymphatic formation after surgical injury. However, more recent studies have shown that chronic inflammation-induced fibrosis plays a key role in the pathophysiology of this disease. In this review, we will discuss the evidence supporting this hypothesis and summarize recent publications demonstrating that lymphatic injury activates chronic immune responses that promote fibrosis and lymphatic leakiness, decrease collecting lymphatic pumping, and impair collateral lymphatic formation. We will review how chronic mixed T-helper cell inflammatory reactions regulate this process and how this response may be used to design novel therapies for lymphedema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu P Kataru
- Department of Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Itay Wiser
- Department of Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jung Eun Baik
- Department of Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Hyeung Ju Park
- Department of Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sonia Rehal
- Department of Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jin Yeon Shin
- Department of Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Babak J Mehrara
- Department of Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
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Kataru RP, Ly CL, Shin J, Park HJ, Baik JE, Rehal S, Ortega S, Lyden D, Mehrara BJ. Tumor Lymphatic Function Regulates Tumor Inflammatory and Immunosuppressive Microenvironments. Cancer Immunol Res 2019; 7:1345-1358. [PMID: 31186247 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-18-0337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Proliferation of aberrant, dysfunctional lymphatic vessels around solid tumors is a common histologic finding. Studies have shown that abnormalities in lymphatic function result in accumulation of inflammatory cells with an immunosuppressive profile. We tested the hypothesis that dysfunctional lymphatic vessels surrounding solid tumors regulate changes in the tumor microenvironment and tumor-specific immune responses. Using subcutaneously implanted mouse melanoma and breast cancer tumors in a lymphatic endothelial cell-specific diphtheria toxin receptor transgenic mouse, we found that local ablation of lymphatic vessels increased peritumoral edema, as compared with controls. Comparative analysis of the peritumoral fluid demonstrated increases in the number of macrophages, CD4+ inflammatory cells, F4/80+/Gr-1+ (myeloid-derived suppressor cells), CD4+/Foxp3+ (Tregs) immunosuppressive cells, and expression of inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα, IFNγ, and IL1β following lymphatic ablation. Tumors grown in lymphatic ablated mice exhibited reduced intratumoral accumulation of cytotoxic T cells and increased tumor PD-L1 expression, causing rapid tumor growth, compared with tumors grown in nonlymphatic-ablated mice. Our study suggests that lymphatic dysfunction plays a role in regulating tumor microenvironments and may be therapeutically targeted in combination with immunotherapy to prevent tumor growth and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu P Kataru
- Department of Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
| | - Catherine L Ly
- Department of Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jinyeon Shin
- Department of Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Hyeung Ju Park
- Department of Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jung Eun Baik
- Department of Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sonia Rehal
- Department of Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sagrario Ortega
- Transgenic Mice Unit, Biotechnology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Lyden
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Babak J Mehrara
- Department of Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
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Kataru RP, Baik JE, Park HJ, Wiser I, Rehal S, Shin JY, Mehrara BJ. Regulation of Immune Function by the Lymphatic System in Lymphedema. Front Immunol 2019; 10:470. [PMID: 30936872 PMCID: PMC6431610 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic vasculature has traditionally been thought to play a passive role in the regulation of immune responses by transporting antigen presenting cells and soluble antigens to regional lymph nodes. However, more recent studies have shown that lymphatic endothelial cells regulate immune responses more directly by modulating entry of immune cells into lymphatic capillaries, presenting antigens on major histocompatibility complex proteins, and modulating antigen presenting cells. Secondary lymphedema is a disease that develops when the lymphatic system is injured during surgical treatment of cancers or is damaged by infections. We have used mouse models of lymphedema in order to understand the effects of chronic lymphatic injury on immune responses and have shown that lymphedema results in a mixed T helper cell and T regulatory cell (Treg) inflammatory response. Prolonged T helper 2 biased immune responses in lymphedema regulate the pathology of this disease by promoting tissue fibrosis, inhibiting formation of collateral lymphatics, decreasing lymphatic vessel pumping capacity, and increasing lymphatic leakiness. Treg infiltration following lymphatic injury results from proliferation of natural Tregs and suppresses innate and adaptive immune responses. These studies have broad clinical relevance since understanding how lymphatic injury in lymphedema can modulate immune responses may provide a template with which we can study more subtle forms of lymphatic injury that may occur in physiologic conditions such as aging, obesity, metabolic tumors, and in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu P Kataru
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jung Eun Baik
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hyeung Ju Park
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Itay Wiser
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sonia Rehal
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jin Yeon Shin
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Babak J Mehrara
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
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García Nores GD, Ly CL, Cuzzone DA, Kataru RP, Hespe GE, Torrisi JS, Huang JJ, Gardenier JC, Savetsky IL, Nitti MD, Yu JZ, Rehal S, Mehrara BJ. CD4 + T cells are activated in regional lymph nodes and migrate to skin to initiate lymphedema. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1970. [PMID: 29773802 PMCID: PMC5958132 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04418-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell-mediated responses have been implicated in the development of fibrosis, impaired lymphangiogenesis, and lymphatic dysfunction in secondary lymphedema. Here we show that CD4+ T cells are necessary for lymphedema pathogenesis by utilizing adoptive transfer techniques in CD4 knockout mice that have undergone tail skin and lymphatic excision or popliteal lymph node dissection. We also demonstrate that T cell activation following lymphatic injury occurs in regional skin-draining lymph nodes after interaction with antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells. CD4+ T cell activation is associated with differentiation into a mixed T helper type 1 and 2 phenotype, as well as upregulation of adhesion molecules and chemokines that promote migration to the skin. Most importantly, we find that blocking T cell release from lymph nodes using a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator prevents lymphedema, suggesting that this approach may have clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela D García Nores
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Suite MRI 1006, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Catherine L Ly
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Suite MRI 1006, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Daniel A Cuzzone
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Suite MRI 1006, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Raghu P Kataru
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Suite MRI 1006, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Geoffrey E Hespe
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Suite MRI 1006, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jeremy S Torrisi
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Suite MRI 1006, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jung Ju Huang
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Suite MRI 1006, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jason C Gardenier
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Suite MRI 1006, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Ira L Savetsky
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Suite MRI 1006, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Matthew D Nitti
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Suite MRI 1006, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jessie Z Yu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Suite MRI 1006, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Sonia Rehal
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Suite MRI 1006, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Babak J Mehrara
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Suite MRI 1006, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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Chen Y, Rehal S, Roizes S, Zhu HL, Cole WC, von der Weid PY. The pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α inhibits lymphatic pumping via activation of the NF-κB-iNOS signaling pathway. Microcirculation 2018; 24. [PMID: 28231612 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mesenteric lymphatic vessel pumping, important to propel lymph and immune cells from the intestinal interstitium to the mesenteric lymph nodes, is compromised during intestinal inflammation. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α, is a significant contributor to the inflammation-induced lymphatic contractile dysfunction, and to determine its mode of action. METHODS Contractile parameters were obtained from isolated rat mesenteric lymphatic vessels mounted on a pressure myograph after 24-hours incubation with or without TNF-α. Various inhibitors were administered, and quantitative real-time PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence confocal imaging were applied to characterize the mechanisms involved in TNF-α actions. RESULTS Vessel contraction frequency was significantly decreased after TNF-α treatment and could be restored by selective inhibition of NF-кB, iNOS, guanylate cyclase, and ATP-sensitive K+ channels. We further demonstrated that NF-кB inhibition also suppressed the significant increase in iNOS mRNA observed in TNF-α-treated lymphatic vessels and that TNF-α treatment favored the nuclear translocation of the p65 NF-κB subunit. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that TNF-α decreases mesenteric lymphatic contractility by activating the NF-κB-iNOS signaling pathway. This mechanism could contribute to the alteration of lymphatic pumping reported in intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxuan Chen
- Inflammation Research Network, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sonia Rehal
- Inflammation Research Network, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Simon Roizes
- Inflammation Research Network, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Hai-Lei Zhu
- Smooth Muscle Research Group, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute & Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - William C Cole
- Smooth Muscle Research Group, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute & Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Pierre-Yves von der Weid
- Inflammation Research Network, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Rehal S, Stephens M, Roizes S, Liao S, von der Weid PY. Acute small intestinal inflammation results in persistent lymphatic alterations. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 314:G408-G417. [PMID: 29351397 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00340.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has a complex pathophysiology with limited treatments. Structural and functional changes in the intestinal lymphatic system have been associated with the disease, with increased risk of IBD occurrence linked to a history of acute intestinal injury. To examine the potential role of the lymphatic system in inflammation recurrence, we evaluated morphological and functional changes in mouse mucosal and mesenteric lymphatic vessels, and within the mesenteric lymph nodes during acute ileitis caused by a 7-day treatment with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). We monitored whether the changes persisted during a 14-day recovery period and determined their potential consequences on dendritic cell (DC) trafficking between the mucosa and lymphoid tissues. DSS administration was associated with marked lymphatic abnormalities and dysfunctions exemplified by lymphangiectasia and lymphangiogenesis in the ileal mucosa and mesentery, increased mesenteric lymphatic vessel leakage, and lymphadenopathy. Lymphangiogenesis and lymphadenopathy were still evident after recovery from intestinal inflammation and correlated with higher numbers of DCs in mucosal and lymphatic tissues. Specifically, a deficit in CD103+ DCs observed during acute DSS in the lamina propria was reversed and further enhanced during recovery. We concluded that an acute intestinal insult caused alterations of the mesenteric lymphatic system, including lymphangiogenesis, which persisted after resolution of inflammation. These morphological and functional changes could compromise DC function and movement, increasing susceptibility to further gastrointestinal disease. Elucidation of the changes in mesenteric and intestinal lymphatic function should offer key insights for new therapeutic strategies in gastrointestinal disorders such as IBD. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Lymphatic integrity plays a critical role in small intestinal homeostasis. Acute intestinal insult in a mouse model of acute ileitis causes morphological and functional changes in mesenteric and intestinal lymphatic vessels. While some of the changes significantly regressed during inflammation resolution, others persisted, including lymphangiogenesis and altered dendritic cell function and movement, potentially increasing susceptibility to the recurrence of gastrointestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Rehal
- Inflammation Research Network and Smooth Muscle Research Group, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, Alberta , Canada
| | - Matthew Stephens
- Inflammation Research Network and Smooth Muscle Research Group, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, Alberta , Canada
| | - Simon Roizes
- Inflammation Research Network and Smooth Muscle Research Group, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, Alberta , Canada
| | - Shan Liao
- Inflammation Research Network and Smooth Muscle Research Group, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, Alberta , Canada
| | - Pierre-Yves von der Weid
- Inflammation Research Network and Smooth Muscle Research Group, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, Alberta , Canada
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12
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Murphy PB, Arbane G, Bourke S, Calverley P, Crooks A, Dowson L, Duffy N, Gibson GJ, Hughes P, Hurst JR, Lewis K, Mukherjee R, Nickol A, Oscroft N, Pepperell J, Rehal S, Smith I, Stradling J, Wedizcha W, Polkey MI, Elliott M, Hart N. S115 Hot-hmv uk trial secondary outcome analysis: early readmission is reduced by the addition of home mechanical ventilation to home oxygen therapy in copd patients with chronic respiratory failure following a life-threatening exacerbation. Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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13
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Rahman NM, Pepperell J, Rehal S, Saba T, Tang A, Ali N, West A, Hettiarachchi G, Mukherjee D, Samuel J, Bentley A, Dowson L, Miles J, Ryan F, Yoneda K, Chauhan A, Corcoran J, Psallidas I, Wrightson JM, Hallifax R, Davies HE, Lee YCG, Hedley EL, Seaton D, Russell N, Chapman M, McFadyen BM, Shaw RA, Davies RJO, Maskell NA, Nunn AJ, Miller RF. S20 Primary Result of the 1st Therapeutic Interventions in Malignant Effusion (TIME1) Trial: A 2 × 2 factorial, randomised trial of chest tube size and analgesic strategy for pleurodesis in malignant pleural effusion. Thorax 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207770.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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14
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Rehal S, von der Weid PY. Experimental ileitis alters prostaglandin biosynthesis in mesenteric lymphatic and blood vessels. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2015; 116-117:37-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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15
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Weid PY, Mathias R, Rehal S. Interplay between NO, prostaglandins and K
ATP
channels in the lymphatic pumping dysfunction observed during experimental intestinal inflammation. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.677.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryan Mathias
- Physiology & PharmacologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Sonia Rehal
- Physiology & PharmacologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
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16
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von der Weid PY, Rehal S, Dyrda P, Lee S, Mathias R, Rahman M, Roizes S, Imtiaz MS. Mechanisms of VIP-induced inhibition of the lymphatic vessel pump. J Physiol 2012; 590:2677-91. [PMID: 22451438 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.230599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic vessels serve as a route by which interstitial fluid, protein and other macromolecules are returned to the blood circulation and immune cells and antigens gain access to lymph nodes. Lymph flow is an active process promoted by rhythmical contraction-relaxation events occurring in the collecting lymphatic vessels. This lymphatic pumping is an intrinsic property of the lymphatic muscles in the vessel wall and consequent to action potentials. Compromised lymphatic pumping may affect lymph and immune cell transport, an action which could be particularly detrimental during inflammation. Importantly, many inflammatory mediators alter lymphatic pumping. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a neuro- and immuno-modulator thought to be released by nerve terminals and immune cells in close proximity to lymphatic vessels. We demonstrated the presence of the peptide in lymphatic vessels and in the lymph and examined the effects of VIP on mesenteric collecting lymphatic vessels of the guinea pig using pharmacological bioassays, intracellular microelectrode electrophysiology, immunofluorescence and quantitative real-time PCR. We showed that VIP alters lymphatic pumping by decreasing the frequency of lymphatic contractions and hyperpolarizing the lymphatic muscle membrane potential in a concentration-dependent manner. Our data further suggest that these effects are mainly mediated by stimulation of the VIP receptor VPAC2 located on the lymphatic muscle and the downstream involvement of protein kinase A (PKA) and ATP-sensitive K⁺ (KATP) channels. Inhibition of lymphatic pumping by VIP may compromise lymph drainage, oedema resolution and immune cell trafficking to the draining lymph nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Yves von der Weid
- Inflammation Research Network and Smooth Muscle Research Group, Snyder Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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17
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Abstract
The role of the lymphatic circulation to actively remove fluid, cells, proteins, and other particles from the interstitium to prevent mounting edema is well appreciated, but whether and how this function is compromised during inflammation has been scarcely investigated. We discuss here the mechanisms of lymphatic pumping and their modulation in inflammatory conditions or by inflammatory mediators in the context of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), an ensemble of disorders typically described with abnormal or dysfunctional intestinal or mesenteric lymphatic vessels. We report our findings showing impaired mesenteric lymphatic contractile activity in an animal model of intestinal inflammation that recapitulates some features of IBD and suggests a role for prostanoids in this dysfunction. With the knowledge that prostaglandin E(2) and prostacyclin are implicated in IBD pathogenesis and induce a potent inhibition of lymphatic pumping, we established the pharmacological profile for these prostaglandin receptors in mesenteric lymphatic vessels and their respective role in pumping inhibition. Inhibition of mesenteric lymphatic pumping during inflammation may be a cause of edema, compromised immune response, and granuloma associated with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Yves Von Der Weid
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network and Smooth Muscle Research Group, Snyder Institute of Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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18
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Rehal S, Blanckaert P, Roizes S, von der Weid PY. Characterization of biosynthesis and modes of action of prostaglandin E2 and prostacyclin in guinea pig mesenteric lymphatic vessels. Br J Pharmacol 2010; 158:1961-70. [PMID: 19922540 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00493.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Rhythmical transient constrictions of the lymphatic vessels provide the means for efficient lymph drainage and interstitial tissue fluid balance. This activity is critical during inflammation, to avoid or limit oedema resulting from increased vascular permeability, mediated by the release of various inflammatory mediators. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms by which prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and prostacyclin modulate lymphatic contractility in isolated guinea pig mesenteric lymphatic vessels. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Quantitative RT-PCR was used to assess the expression of mRNA for enzymes and receptors involved in the production and action of PGE(2) and prostacyclin in mesenteric collecting lymphatic vessels. Frequency and amplitude of lymphatic vessel constriction were measured in the presence of these prostaglandins and the role of their respective EP and IP receptors assessed. KEY RESULTS Prostaglandin E(2) and prostacyclin decreased concentration-dependently the frequency, without affecting the amplitude, of lymphatic constriction. Data obtained in the presence of the EP(4) receptor antagonists, GW627368x (1 microM) and AH23848B (30 microM) and the IP receptor antagonist CAY10441 (0.1 microM) suggest that PGE(2) predominantly activates EP(4), whereas prostacyclin mainly stimulates IP receptors. Inhibition of responses to either prostaglandin with H89 (10 microM) or glibenclamide (1 microM) suggested a role for the activation of protein kinase A and ATP-sensitive K(+) channels. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our findings characterized the inhibition of lymphatic pumping induced by PGE(2) or prostacyclin in guinea pig mesenteric lymphatics. This action is likely to impair oedema resolution and to contribute to the pro-inflammatory actions of these prostaglandins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Rehal
- Snyder Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation and Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Sequeira A, Mamdani F, Ernst C, Vawter MP, Bunney WE, Lebel V, Rehal S, Klempan T, Gratton A, Benkelfat C, Rouleau GA, Mechawar N, Turecki G. Global brain gene expression analysis links glutamatergic and GABAergic alterations to suicide and major depression. PLoS One 2009; 4:e6585. [PMID: 19668376 PMCID: PMC2719799 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2008] [Accepted: 05/04/2009] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most studies investigating the neurobiology of depression and suicide have focused on the serotonergic system. While it seems clear that serotonergic alterations play a role in the pathogenesis of these major public health problems, dysfunction in additional neurotransmitter systems and other molecular alterations may also be implicated. Microarray expression studies are excellent screening tools to generate hypotheses about additional molecular processes that may be at play. In this study we investigated brain regions that are known to be implicated in the neurobiology of suicide and major depression are likely to represent valid global molecular alterations. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We performed gene expression analysis using the HG-U133AB chipset in 17 cortical and subcortical brain regions from suicides with and without major depression and controls. Total mRNA for microarray analysis was obtained from 663 brain samples isolated from 39 male subjects, including 26 suicide cases and 13 controls diagnosed by means of psychological autopsies. Independent brain samples from 34 subjects and animal studies were used to control for the potential confounding effects of comorbidity with alcohol. Using a Gene Ontology analysis as our starting point, we identified molecular pathways that may be involved in depression and suicide, and performed follow-up analyses on these possible targets. Methodology included gene expression measures from microarrays, Gene Score Resampling for global ontological profiling, and semi-quantitative RT-PCR. We observed the highest number of suicide specific alterations in prefrontal cortical areas and hippocampus. Our results revealed alterations of synaptic neurotransmission and intracellular signaling. Among these, Glutamatergic (GLU) and GABAergic related genes were globally altered. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR results investigating expression of GLU and GABA receptor subunit genes were consistent with microarray data. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The observed results represent the first overview of global expression changes in brains of suicide victims with and without major depression and suggest a global brain alteration of GLU and GABA receptor subunit genes in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo Sequeira
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Firoza Mamdani
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carl Ernst
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marquis P. Vawter
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - William E. Bunney
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Veronique Lebel
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sonia Rehal
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tim Klempan
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alain Gratton
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chawki Benkelfat
- Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guy A. Rouleau
- Ste Justine Hospital, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Naguib Mechawar
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gustavo Turecki
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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20
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Rehal S, Roizes S, Weid P. Role of prostaglandins in the loss of lymphatic contractile function in the experimental guinea pig model of TNBS‐induced ileitis. FASEB J 2009. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.977.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Rehal
- Inflammation Research Network and Smooth Muscle Research GroupDept of Pharmacology & TherapeuticsUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Simon Roizes
- Inflammation Research Network and Smooth Muscle Research GroupDept of Pharmacology & TherapeuticsUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Pierre‐Yves Weid
- Inflammation Research Network and Smooth Muscle Research GroupDept of Pharmacology & TherapeuticsUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
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21
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Weid P, Rehal S, Dyrda P. Characterization of VIP‐induced contractile inhibition in lymphatic vessels. FASEB J 2009. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.764.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre‐Yves Weid
- Inflammation Research Network and Smooth Muscle Research GroupDept of Pharmacology & TherapeuticsUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Sonia Rehal
- Inflammation Research Network and Smooth Muscle Research GroupDept of Pharmacology & TherapeuticsUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Peter Dyrda
- Inflammation Research Network and Smooth Muscle Research GroupDept of Pharmacology & TherapeuticsUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
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