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Ko KJ, Kim YH, Kwon KH, Kim MH, Jun KW, Hwang JK, Kim SD, Park SC, Kim JI, Yun SS, Moon IS. Kidney Transplantation Using Expanded-Criteria Deceased Donors: A Comparison With Ideal Deceased Donors and Non-Expanded-Criteria Deceased Donors. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:3222-3227. [PMID: 30577189 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The use of expanded-criteria deceased-donor (ECD) kidneys must be evaluated within the objective perspective of critical organ shortage and graft function and survival. In this study, we aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of ECD reliance with concurrent use of ideal-criteria deceased donors (IDDs) and non-ECDs in adult renal transplantation. METHODS Between February 2000 and December 2015, we analyzed 405 deceased-donor renal transplants, specifically 129 grafts (31.9%) from ECDs, 233 grafts (57.5%) from non-ECDs, and 43 grafts (10.6%) from IDDs. ECDs were classified according to the United Network for Organ Sharing guidelines, while an IDD was defined as a younger person (10-39 years of age) with no medical risk factors who died from a traumatic head injury. Donor and recipient risk factors were separately analyzed and correlated with recipient graft function, and survival was evaluated. RESULTS ECDs were older (56.8 ± 6.3 years); showed increased incidence of hypertension, diabetes, and cerebrovascular brain death; and had a higher pre-retrieval serum creatinine level than the other groups. ECD kidney recipients were also older (50.6 ± 9.8 years), had a shorter waiting time (P = .031), and demonstrated a low frequency of re-transplantation (P = .028). Long-term renal function followed longitudinally was lower in ECD kidney recipients until five years after transplantation, while the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) level at 7 and 10 years did not differ significantly among the groups (P = .074 and .262, respectively). There were no significant differences in terms of graft survival (P = .394) or patient survival (P = .737) among the groups. CONCLUSIONS Although the long-term renal function followed longitudinally was lower in ECD kidney recipients, the use of renal grafts from ECDs is an acceptable method to resolve the disparity of critical organ shortage. However, the classification of the high-risk group should be updated with consideration given to differences in regional characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Ko
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K H Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M H Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K W Jun
- Department of Surgery, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - J K Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - S D Kim
- Department of Surgery, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - S C Park
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J I Kim
- Department of Surgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - S S Yun
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - I S Moon
- Department of Surgery, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Bhuiyan MSA, Kim HJ, Lee DH, Lee SH, Cho SH, Yang BS, Kim SD, Lee SH. Genetic parameters of carcass and meat quality traits in different muscles (longissimus dorsi and semimembranosus) of Hanwoo (Korean cattle). J Anim Sci 2018; 95:3359-3369. [PMID: 28805895 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2017.1493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We estimated heritability () and genetic and phenotypic correlations for carcass and meat quality traits of longissimus dorsi (LD) and semimembranosus (SM) muscles in 30-mo-old Hanwoo steers. Variance and covariance components were estimated using REML procedures under univariate and bivariate models. The mean carcass weight (CWT), eye muscle area (EMA), back fat thickness (BFT), and marbling score (MS) were 428.20 ± 46.30 kg, 87.38 ± 8.54 cm2, 13.00 ± 5.14 mm, and 5.21 ± 1.56, respectively. The mean CIE reflectance of meat lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) were 40.01 ± 2.73, 22.37 ± 2.18, and 10.35 ± 1.46, respectively, in LD muscles and 36.33 ± 2.44, 22.91 ± 2.43, and 10.25 ± 1.65, respectively, in SM muscles. The mean Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), intramuscular fat content (IMF), water-holding capacity (WHC), and protein and ash content in LD and SM muscles were 3.84 ± 0.96 and 6.52 ± 1.21 kg, 15.91 ± 4.39 and 5.10 ± 1.94%, 62.07 ± 3.38 and 71.61 ± 2.06%, 20.01 ± 1.39 and 21.34 ± 0.89%, and 0.80 ± 0.10 and 0.93 ± 0.07, respectively. The estimates of CWT, EMA, BFT, and MS were 0.51 ± 0.13, 0.45 ± 0.13, 0.29 ± 0.09, and 0.22 ± 0.08, respectively. The estimates were moderate for meat quality traits and were 0.37 ± 0.12, 0.40 ± 0.12, 0.33 ± 0.10, 0.33 ± 0.10, 0.30 ± 0.11, and 0.24 ± 0.09 for L*, WBSF, IMF, WHC, and protein and ash content, respectively, in LD muscle; estimates from SM muscle were comparatively low (0.08 ± 0.06 to 0.25 ± 0.09). Estimates of for a* and b* were also low (0.08 ± 0.06 to 0.13 ± 0.07). Carcass weight had a moderate, positive genetic correlation with EMA (0.60 ± 0.13) and a weak correlation with MS and BFT. The genetic correlations among the 3 colorimeter variants were strong and positive within and between muscles. Intramuscular fat content had moderate to strong and negative genetic correlations with WBSF (-0.49 ± 0.18), WHC (-0.99 ± 0.01), and protein (-0.93 ± 0.04) and ash content (-0.98 ± 0.06) in LD muscle, whereas the associations were less pronounced in SM muscle. In general, CWT and EMA had low genetic and phenotypic correlations with meat quality traits, which suggests that the traits are independent and have distinct genetic contributions in each muscle. Conversely, with few exceptions, meat quality traits had genetic and phenotypic correlations with MS and BFT. In conclusion, the estimated genetic parameters for carcass and meat quality traits could be used for genetic evaluation and breeding programs in Korean Hanwoo cattle populations.
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Weng J, Moriarty KE, Baio FE, Chu F, Kim SD, He J, Jie Z, Xie X, Ma W, Qian J, Zhang L, Yang J, Yi Q, Neelapu SS, Kwak LW. IL-15 enhances the antitumor effect of human antigen-specific CD8 + T cells by cellular senescence delay. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1237327. [PMID: 28123872 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1237327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Optimal expansion protocols for adoptive human T-cell therapy often include interleukin (IL)-15; however, the mechanism by which IL-15 improves the in vivo antitumor effect of T cells remains to be elucidated. Using human T cells generated from HLA-A2+ donors against novel T-cell epitopes derived from the human U266 myeloma cell line Ig light chain V-region (idiotype) as a model, we found that T cells cultured with IL-15 provided superior resistance to tumor growth in vivo, compared with IL-2, after adoptive transfer into immunodeficient hosts. This effect of IL-15 was associated with delayed/reversed senescence in tumor antigen-specific memory CD8+ T cells mediated through downregulation of P21WAF1, P16INK4a, and P53 expression. Compared to IL-2, IL-15 stimulation dramatically activated JAK3-STAT5 signaling and inhibited the expression of DNA damage genes. Thus, our study elucidates a new mechanism for IL-15 in the regulation of STAT signaling pathways and CD8+ T-cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsheng Weng
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Center Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kelsey E Moriarty
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Flavio Egidio Baio
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fuliang Chu
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sung-Doo Kim
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jin He
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zuliang Jie
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaoping Xie
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wencai Ma
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jianfei Qian
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qing Yi
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sattva S Neelapu
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Larry W Kwak
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
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Son Y, Heo K, Bae MJ, Lee CG, Cho WS, Kim SD, Yang K, Shin IS, Lee MY, Kim JS. Injury to the blood-testis barrier after low-dose-rate chronic radiation exposure in mice. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2015; 167:316-320. [PMID: 25948832 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncv270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ionising radiation induces male infertility, accompanied by increasing permeability of the blood-testis barrier. However, the effect on male fertility by low-dose-rate chronic radiation has not been investigated. In this study, the effects of low-dose-rate chronic radiation on male mice were investigated by measuring the levels of tight-junction-associated proteins (ZO-1 and occludin-1), Niemann-Pick disease type 2 protein (NPC-2) and antisperm antibody (AsAb) in serum. BALB/c mice were exposed to low-dose-rate radiation (3.49 mGy h(-1)) for total exposures of 0.02 (6 h), 0.17 (2 d) and 1.7 Gy (21 d). Based on histological examination, the diameter and epithelial depth of seminiferous tubules were significantly decreased in 1.7-Gy-irradiated mice. Compared with those of the non-irradiated group, 1.7-Gy-irradiated mice showed significantly decreased ZO-1, occludin-1 and NPC-2 protein levels, accompanied with increased serum AsAb levels. These results suggest potential blood-testis barrier injury and immune infertility in male mice exposed to low-dose-rate chronic radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Son
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Jwadong-gil 40, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-953, South Korea
| | - K Heo
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Jwadong-gil 40, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-953, South Korea
| | - M J Bae
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Jwadong-gil 40, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-953, South Korea
| | - C G Lee
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Jwadong-gil 40, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-953, South Korea
| | - W S Cho
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Jwadong-gil 40, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-953, South Korea
| | - S D Kim
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Jwadong-gil 40, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-953, South Korea
| | - K Yang
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Jwadong-gil 40, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-953, South Korea
| | - I S Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - M Y Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - J S Kim
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Jwadong-gil 40, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-953, South Korea College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Park SJ, Shim JW, Park HS, Eum DY, Park MT, Mi Yi J, Choi SH, Kim SD, Son TG, Lu W, Kim ND, Yang K, Heo K. MacroH2A1 downregulation enhances the stem-like properties of bladder cancer cells by transactivation of Lin28B. Oncogene 2015; 35:1292-301. [PMID: 26028027 PMCID: PMC4791524 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The histone variant, macroH2A1, has an important role in embryonic stem cell differentiation and tumor progression in various types of tumors. However, the regulatory roles of macroH2A1 on bladder cancer progression have not been fully elucidated. Here, we show that macroH2A1 knockdown promotes stem-like properties of bladder cancer cells. The knockdown of macroH2A1 in bladder cancer cells increased tumorigenicity, radioresistance, degeneration of reactive oxygen species, increased sphere formation capability and an increase in the proportion of side populations. We found that macroH2A1 is required for the suppression of Lin28B identified as a novel downstream target of macroH2A1 in bladder cancer. Loss of macroH2A1 expression significantly correlated with the elevated levels of Lin28B expression and subsequently inhibited the mature let-7 microRNA expression. Furthermore, the stable overexpression of Lin28B enhances the several phenotypes, including tumorigenicity and sphere-forming ability, which are induced by macroH2A1 depletion. Importantly, Lin28B expression was regulated by macroH2A1-mediated reciprocal binding of p300 and EZH2/SUV39H1. Our results suggest that Lin28B/let-7 pathway is tightly regulated by macroH2A1 and its cofactors, and have a pivotal role in the bladder tumor progression and the regulation of stem-like characteristics of bladder cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-J Park
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - J W Shim
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Park
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - D-Y Eum
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - M-T Park
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - J Mi Yi
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Choi
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - S D Kim
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - T G Son
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - W Lu
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - N D Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - K Yang
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K Heo
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Busan, Republic of Korea
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Lee JH, Choi Y, Kim SD, Kim DY, Lee JH, Lee KH, Lee SM, Lee WS, Joo YD. Clinical outcome after failure of hypomethylating therapy for myelodysplastic syndrome. Eur J Haematol 2015; 94:546-53. [PMID: 25315896 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Around half of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) fail to respond to hypomethylating therapy (HMT) and most responders progress within 2 yr. Retrospective studies report poor outcomes after HMT failure. Here, we analyzed the outcomes of patients suffering HMT failure. Of 149 patients with MDS treated with either azacitidine or decitabine, 91 who experienced HMT failure were included in the study. Median overall survival (OS) was 12.1 months: 16.2 months for lower-risk MDS and 9.3 months for higher-risk MDS. Disease status and progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at the time of HMT failure were independent prognostic factors for OS. Fifty-four patients received one or more treatment modalities, and 23 received allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). The objective response to non-transplant treatments was poor (11-17%), whereas 17 transplanted patients showed a complete response. OS probability at 2 yr post-HCT was 60.9%: 78.6% for patients receiving HCT during MDS and 33.3% for those receiving HCT after developing AML. In conclusion, the clinical outcome of patients after HMT failure was poor. Long-term disease-free survival was observed in approximately 50% of patients who received allogeneic HCT. Therefore, allogeneic HCT should be performed early in appropriate patients, and particularly before progression to AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Hwan Lee
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yunsuk Choi
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Doo Kim
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae-Young Kim
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Hee Lee
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoo-Hyung Lee
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Min Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Won-Sik Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Young-Don Joo
- Department of Hematology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Choi Y, Kim SD, Park YH, Lee JS, Kim DY, Lee JH, Lee KH, Seol M, Lee YS, Kang YA, Jeon M, Jung AR, Lee JH. Up-front allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia arising from the myelodysplastic syndrome. Acta Haematol 2014; 133:183-92. [PMID: 25323649 DOI: 10.1159/000362260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In patients with secondary acute myeloid leukemia (s-AML) arising from the myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), treatment outcome is unsatisfactory. We compared up-front allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) to induction chemotherapy (IC) as an initial treatment in patients with s-AML arising from MDS. This retrospective study included 85 patients who were diagnosed with s-AML arising from MDS; 11 patients proceeded to up-front HCT without IC (HCT group) and 74 received IC (IC group) as an initial treatment for s-AML, 28 of whom subsequently underwent HCT. In the IC group, 41.9% achieved complete remission (CR) compared to 81.8% in the HCT group (p = 0.013). The HCT group showed a significantly longer event-free survival (EFS) than the IC group (median 29.2 vs. 5.2 months, p = 0.042). Overall survival of the HCT group was higher than that of the IC group, but the difference was not statistically significant (median 34.6 vs. 7.6 months, p = 0.149). After adjustment for other clinical factors, outcome in the HCT group was significantly better than in the IC group in terms of CR rate (hazard ratio, HR, 11.195; p = 0.007) and EFS (HR, 0.384; p = 0.029). Up-front HCT is a viable option in s-AML arising from MDS if an appropriate donor is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsuk Choi
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Goo BK, Hur EH, Choi Y, Kim SD, Hwang JJ, Kim CS, Bae KS, Choi J, Cho SY, Yang SH, Lee JH. Abstract 5455: Resistance to a MEK inhibitor (AZD6244): Its association with increased expression of transcription factor 4. Cancer Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2014-5455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The important role of Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway in carcinogenesis has led to clinical development of MEK inhibitors for treatment of various cancers. Although recent studies have demonstrated impressive antitumor activities of the agents, many tumors show intrinsic and acquired resistance to MEK inhibitors. We tried to find biomarkers that were associated with intrinsic or acquired resistance to a MEK inhibitor (AZD6244) by public microarray data acquisition and development of AZD6244-resistance cell lines. First, we analyzed a set of genome-wide gene expression profiling data from 6 sensitive and 6 resistant cell lines of various tissue origins to identify candidate genes whose expression changes are associated with resistant or sensitive responses to AZD6244. Of 62 differentially expressed genes, we selected Transcription Factor 4 (TCF4) gene as a potential drug resistance marker for further analysis because degree of increased expression of TCF4 in resistance cell lines was relatively high and a previous study suggests that TCF4 functions as an oncogene in human colon cancers. The mRNA levels of TCF4 in AZD6244 resistant cell lines were significantly elevated than those in sensitive cell lines. The siRNA was used for the targeted silencing of TCF4 to elucidate the role of increased expression of TCF4 in intrinsic resistance to AZD6244. TCF4 siRNA significantly enhanced susceptibility of a AZD6244-resistant cell line, LOXIMVI, to AZD6244. Next, we established AZD6244-resistant cell lines, using originally AZD6244-senstive cell lines, M14 and COLO-205. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for AZD6244 in two acquired resistant cell lines were 34 fold and 200 fold higher than those of their parent cell lines, respectively. Protein levels of TCF4 in the acquired resistant cell lines were higher than those in the sensitive parent cell lines. Our study results suggest that increase expression of TCF4 may be associated with both intrinsic and acquired resistance to MEK inhibitors.
Citation Format: Bon-Kwan Goo, Eun-Hye Hur, Yunsuk Choi, Sung-Doo Kim, Jung Jin Hwang, Choung-Soo Kim, Kyun Seop Bae, Jene Choi, Suk Young Cho, Sang-Hwa Yang, Je-Hwan Lee. Resistance to a MEK inhibitor (AZD6244): Its association with increased expression of transcription factor 4. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5455. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5455
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Affiliation(s)
- Bon-Kwan Goo
- 1Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Hur
- 1Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunsuk Choi
- 1Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Doo Kim
- 1Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Jin Hwang
- 1Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choung-Soo Kim
- 1Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun Seop Bae
- 1Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jene Choi
- 1Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Sang-Hwa Yang
- 3National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Inflammatory Response Modulation, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Hwan Lee
- 1Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hwang JK, Kim JM, Kim YK, Kim SD, Park SC, Kim JI, Nam HW, Kim J, Moon IS. The early protective effect of glutamine pretreatment and ischemia preconditioning in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury of rat. Transplant Proc 2014; 45:3203-8. [PMID: 24182785 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 07/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heat shock proteins (HSP) play an important role in protecting cells against stress. METHODS Using a rat model, we tested the hypothesis that pretreatment with glutamine (Gln) and ischemia preconditioning (IPC) increase the expression of HSP resulting in attenuation of renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 4 groups [group I, Gln injection (+), IPC (+); group II, Gln injection (+), IPC (-); group III, saline injection (+), IPC (+); group IV, saline injection (+), IPC (-)]. Renal HSP70 expression was determined by Western blotting and kidney function was assessed by blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. Renal cross-sections were microscopically examined for tubular necrosis, exfoliation of tubular epithelial cells, cast formation, and monocyte infiltration. RESULTS Gln pretreatment increased intrarenal HSP expression (P = .031). In group I, tubulointerstitial abnormalities were clearly slighter compared with the other groups (P < .001). CONCLUSION Our experiments suggest that (1) a single dose of Gln could induce HSP expression and (2) IPC could relieve renal I/R injury. In addition, IPC combined with Gln pretreatment had a synergic protective effect against renal I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Hwang
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Hwang JK, Chun HJ, Kim JM, Kwon KH, Kim YK, Kim SD, Park SC, Choi BS, Kim JI, Yang CW, Kim YS, Moon IS. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography in the early period after kidney transplantation. Transplant Proc 2014; 45:2925-30. [PMID: 24157005 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Our objective was to evaluate the usefulness of three-dimensional (3-D) contrast-enhanced (CE) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) to assess renal parenchyma, arterial inflow stenosis, and peritransplant fluid collections in the early period after kidney transplantation (KT). Between January 2010 and April 2011, we examined a consecutive series of 144 renal transplants using 3-D CE MRA at 14 days after KT. MRA showed parenchyma infarctions (n = 17, 11.8%), arterial inflow stenoses (n = 23, 16%), lymphoceles (n = 14, 9.7%), and hematomas (n = 6, 4.2%). The degree of renal transplant artery inflow stenosis was graded qualitatively based on diameter criterion; <50% = mild, 50% to 70% = moderate, and >70% = severe in 10 (6.9%), 5 (3.5%), and 8 (5.6%) subjects, respectively. The study recipients were divided into 3 groups according to the degree of renal artery inflow stenosis (group I: normal; group II: mild and moderate, <70%; group III: severe, >70%). Among group III patients who underwent digital subtraction angiography, 5 had percutaneous transluminal angioplasty or stenting performed after 1 month. Their mean resume creatinine levels at 1, 6, and 12 months after transplantation were not significantly different from those in the other groups (P = .391, .447, .110). The prevalence of graft loss (n = 2) was high in group III (P = .012), although the frequency of acute rejection episodes was not different among the groups (P = .890). The incidences of renal parenchyma infarction, peritransplant fluid collection and arterial inflow stenosis were unexpectedly high in the early period after KT. Thus, 3-D CE MRA provided a rapid global assessment of the renal parenchyma, transplant arterial system, and peritransplant fluid collection that can be helpful to detect or exclude many causes of renal transplant dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Hwang
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Weng J, Chu F, Baio F, Kim SD, Li H, He J, Qian J, Yang J, Watowich S, Yi Q, Kwak L. IL-15 enhances the anti-tumor effect of human tumor antigen-specific T cells by cellular senescence delay (TUM2P.880). The Journal of Immunology 2014. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.192.supp.71.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Optimal expansion protocol for adoptive T-cell therapy often include interleukin (IL)-15, however, the mechanism by which IL-15 improves the in vivo anti-tumor effect of T cells remains to be elucidated. Using T cells generated from HLA-A2+ normal donors against novel T-cell epitopes derived from the U266 myeloma Ig light chain V-region (idiotype) as a model, we confirmed that T cells cultured with IL-15 provide more potent anti-tumor effects than IL-2-cultured T cells, after adoptive transfer in vivo into immunodeficient hosts. This effect was associated with delayed/reversed senescence in IL-15 expanded idiotype-specific memory CD8 T cells. In vitro experiments revealed IL-15 mediated senescence delay/reversal through JAK3-STAT5 and IL-2 receptor βγ signaling pathway. Specifically, we found DNA damage molecules MDC1, 53BP1, and ATM are the direct targets of IL-15 signaling and STAT5 represses the promoter activity of these genes through the competition with STAT3 to bind to the STATs sites. Thus, our study provides the first evidence for IL-15-inducing the repression of transcription of DNA damage molecules and senescence delay in human memory CD8 T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsheng Weng
- 1The Univerisity of Texas MD.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Fuliang Chu
- 1The Univerisity of Texas MD.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Flavio Baio
- 1The Univerisity of Texas MD.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Sung-Doo Kim
- 1The Univerisity of Texas MD.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Haiyan Li
- 1The Univerisity of Texas MD.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jin He
- 1The Univerisity of Texas MD.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jianfei Qian
- 1The Univerisity of Texas MD.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jing Yang
- 1The Univerisity of Texas MD.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Qing Yi
- 1The Univerisity of Texas MD.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Larry Kwak
- 1The Univerisity of Texas MD.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Park GY, Han JY, Han YK, Kim SD, Kim JS, Jo WS, Chun SH, Jeong DH, Lee CW, Yang K, Lee CG. 14-3-3 eta depletion sensitizes glioblastoma cells to irradiation due to enhanced mitotic cell death. Cancer Gene Ther 2014; 21:158-63. [DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2014.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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13
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Weng J, Kim SD, Li H, He J, Qian J, Torikai H, Zhang L, Yang J, yi Q, Kwak LW. Abstract 3961: IL-15 improves the effect of adoptive T cell therapy through cellular senescence delay. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-3961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Adoptive T-cell therapy is one of the most effective forms of immunotherapy in the clinical setting. However, the mechanism that regulates the in vivo effect of T-cell therapy still remains unclear. Using T cells generated from normal donors against previously identified T-cell epitopes in U266 idiotype light chain model, we expanded the antigen-specific T cells with IL-2 or IL-15 cytokines, we found that antigen specific T cells expanded with IL-2 have temperate inhibitory effect in vivo, whereas IL-15-expanded antigen-specific T cells provide a much stronger in vivo effect. Approximately 30% experimental mice remained tumor free after adoptive transfer with IL-15 expanded- antigen-specific T cells. Detailed analysis revealed that IL-15-expanded T cells have down-regulated expression of cellular senescence signature genes, decreased SA-ß-Gal activity, and decreased P53, P21WAF1 and P16INK4a expression. The expression level of CD27 and CD28 is significantly greater in IL-15-expanded T cells, indicating that IL-15-expanded T cells have delayed cellular senescence. This result is also confirmed by the memory CD8+ T cells purified from general normal donors. Memory CD8+ T cells cultured with IL-15 have significantly greater levels of CD27 and CD28 expression, lower SA-ß-Gal activity and lower P53, P21WAF1 and P16INK4a protein level after 5 days culture in vitro. To identify the molecular mechanism of the effect of IL-15 on the cellular senescence, we cultured the memory CD8+ T cells with IL-15 in the presence of different signaling pathway inhibitors and we found that IL-15 regulated cellular senescence through JAK3-STAT3 and JAK3-STAT5 signaling pathways. DNA damage molecules ATM, MDC1, and TP53bp1 are also down-regulated by IL-15, and there are three STATs potential binding sites in the promoter of TP53bp1. Using a CHIP assay, we found that IL-15 directly regulates p-STAT3 and p-STAT5 binding to the -123 site of TP53bp1 promoter. This site is also bound by tri-methy-H3(Lys27) and P300 after IL-15 stimulation, indicating that IL-15 induces both epigenetic and transcriptional mechanism to repress TP53bp1 expression. Cellular senescence was initially reported in human fibroblast cells of irreversible growth arrest, active metabolism, and specific gene signatures, and recent studies showed that senescence can be reversed and delayed by certain treatments. Our study provides the first evidence of IL-15 in memory CD8+ T cell senescence delay, which has provided a detailed molecular mechanism. Our study provides important information for the future improvement of adoptive T cell therapy in the clinic.
Citation Format: Jinsheng Weng, Sung-Doo Kim, Haiyan Li, Jin He, Jianfei Qian, Hiroki Torikai, Liang Zhang, Jing Yang, qing yi, Larry W. Kwak. IL-15 improves the effect of adoptive T cell therapy through cellular senescence delay. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3961. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3961
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Haiyan Li
- MD.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jin He
- MD.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | - Jing Yang
- MD.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - qing yi
- MD.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Choi Y, Lee JH, Kim SD, Kim DY, Lee JH, Seol M, Kang YA, Jeon M, Jung AR, Lee KH. Prognostic implications of CD14 positivity in acute myeloid leukemia arising from myelodysplastic syndrome. Int J Hematol 2013; 97:246-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s12185-013-1266-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Endale M, Lee WM, Kamruzzaman SM, Kim SD, Park JY, Park MH, Park TY, Park HJ, Cho JY, Rhee MH. Ginsenoside-Rp1 inhibits platelet activation and thrombus formation via impaired glycoprotein VI signalling pathway, tyrosine phosphorylation and MAPK activation. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 167:109-27. [PMID: 22471932 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01967.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Ginsenosides are the main constituents for the pharmacological effects of Panax ginseng. Such effects of ginsenosides including cardioprotective and anti-platelet activities have shown stability and bioavailability limitations. However, information on the anti-platelet activity of ginsenoside-Rp1 (G-Rp1), a stable derivative of ginsenoside-Rg3, is scarce. We examined the ability of G-Rp1 to modulate agonist-induced platelet activation. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH G-Rp1 in vitro and ex vivo effects on agonist-induced platelet-aggregation, granule-secretion, [Ca(2+) ](i) mobilization, integrin-α(IIb) β(3) activation were examined. Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) and MAPK expressions and levels of tyrosine phosphorylation of the glycoprotein VI (GPVI) signalling pathway components were also studied. G-Rp1 effects on arteriovenous shunt thrombus formation in rats or tail bleeding time and ex vivo coagulation time in mice were determined. KEY RESULT: G-Rp1 markedly inhibited platelet aggregation induced by collagen, thrombin or ADP. While G-Rp1 elevated cAMP levels, it dose-dependently suppressed collagen-induced ATP-release, thromboxane secretion, p-selectin expression, [Ca(2+) ](i) mobilization and α(IIb) β(3) activation and attenuated p38(MAPK) and ERK2 activation. Furthermore, G-Rp1 inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple components (Fyn, Lyn, Syk, LAT, PI3K and PLCγ2) of the GPVI signalling pathway. G-Rp1 inhibited in vivo thrombus formation and ex vivo platelet aggregation and ATP secretion without affecting tail bleeding time and coagulation time, respectively. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS G-Rp1 inhibits collagen-induced platelet activation and thrombus formation through modulation of early GPVI signalling events, and this effect involves VASP stimulation, and ERK2 and p38(-MAPK) inhibition. These data suggest that G-Rp1 may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases involving aberrant platelet activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Endale
- Laboratory of Physiology & Cell Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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Lee JH, Joo YD, Kim H, Ryoo HM, Kim MK, Lee GW, Lee JH, Lee WS, Park JH, Bae SH, Hyun MS, Kim DY, Kim SD, Min YJ, Lee KH. Randomized trial of myeloablative conditioning regimens: busulfan plus cyclophosphamide versus busulfan plus fludarabine. J Clin Oncol 2012; 31:701-9. [PMID: 23129746 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.40.2362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We conducted a phase III randomized clinical trial to compare two myeloablative conditioning regimens for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in patients with leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. PATIENTS AND METHODS After randomization, 64 patients received busulfan (3.2 mg/kg per day × 4 days) plus cyclophosphamide (60 mg/kg per day × 2 days; BuCy), and 62 patients received busulfan (same dose and schedule) plus fludarabine (30 mg/m(2) per day × 5 days; BuFlu). RESULTS The median age was 41 years (range, 17 to 59 years). Five patients in the BuFlu arm experienced graft failure (primary, n = 1; secondary, n = 4). At 4 weeks after HCT, the median percentage of recipient hematopoietic chimerism was significantly greater in the BuFlu arm (0% v 5.5%; P < .001), and complete donor chimerism was greater in the BuCy arm (97.2% v 44.4%; P < .001). Severe (grade 3 or higher) infection and gastrointestinal adverse events were significantly more common in the BuCy arm, but the frequencies of hepatic adverse events were similar in the two arms. Nonrelapse mortality was similar in the two arms, but the BuCy arm had better overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and event-free survival (EFS; OS at 2 years, 67.4% v 41.4%, P = .014; RFS, 74.7% v 54.9%, P = .027; EFS, 60.7% v 36.0%, P = .014). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the BuFlu regimen is not a suitable replacement for the BuCy regimen in young adults who are eligible for myeloablative conditioning therapy for allogeneic HCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Hwan Lee
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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17
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Hwang JK, Kim YK, Kim SD, Park SC, Choi BS, Kim JI, Yang CW, Kim YS, Moon IS. Does donor kidney to recipient body weight ratio influence long-term outcomes of living-donor kidney transplantation? Transplant Proc 2012; 44:276-80. [PMID: 22310632 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of the donor kidney to recipient body weight (Kw/Rw) ratio on long-term graft function and survival. We investigated retrospectively whether there was any association between Kw/Rw ratio and long-term graft survival and function after a follow-up of >10 years. We studied a consecutive series of 123 adult-to-adult living kidney transplants. According to the Kw/Rw ratio, patients were divided into 3 groups: "low" (Kw/Rw <2.85; n = 29), "medium" (2.85 ≤ Kw/Rw < 4.04; n = 63), and "high" (≥4.04; n = 31). Among the 3 groups, the mean serum creatinine levels at 1 and 6 months as well as 1 year after transplantation were significantly lower among patients with a high Kw/Rw ratio than in those with a medium or low ratio, but serum creatinine levels at 3 and 5 years did not differ significantly (P = .394 and 0.620, respectively). Graft survival rates at 5 and 10 years after transplantation were significantly lower in the "low" group. We observed a significant association between Kw/Rw ratio and graft survival (P = .018). The Kw/Rw ratio is an important factor for long-term graft survival and early graft function. However, it did not significantly affect subsequent renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Hwang
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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18
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Choi Y, Kim SD, Park YH, Lee JS, Kim DY, Lee JH, Lee KH, Seol M, Lee YS, Kang YA, Jeon M, Jung AR, Lee JH. Prognostic implication of monosomal karyotype in patients with acute myeloid leukemia who received allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. J Clin Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.6564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
6564 Background: Monosomal karyotype (MK), defined as at least two autosomal monosomies or one single autosomal monosomy with one or more structural cytogenetic abnormalities, has been associated with worse outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We evaluated the prognostic impact of MK on outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) in AML. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 169 adult patients with AML, who received allo-HCT in the first complete remission (CR) between 2000 and 2009. All patients had cytogenetic results at the diagnosis of AML. Patients were classified as having good, intermediate, or poor risk cytogenetics according to the NCCN guideline, and MK status was also determined. Results: MK was observed in 12 patients (7.1%); of whom, 11 patients also had complex karyotype (CK). Compared to patients without MK, those with MK had significantly lower overall survival (OS) (62.2% vs. 0%) and event free survival (EFS) (58.9% vs. 0%), and higher relapse probability (RP) (22.9% vs. 66.7%) at 5 years (all, p<0.001). 22 patients with CK also showed inferior outcomes, but CK with MK was associated with more inferior outcomes than CK without MK. Multivariate analysis showed that MK had a significantly adverse impact on OS (hazard ratio [HR], 5.192; p<0.001), EFS (HR, 4.531; p<0.001), and RP (HR, 6.558; p<0.001) after allo-HCT (Table). Conclusions: MK is a major prognostic factor predicting extremely worse outcomes in AML patients who underwent allo-HCT in the first CR. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsuk Choi
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Doo Kim
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Hun Park
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Seok Lee
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dae-Young Kim
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hee Lee
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoo-Hyung Lee
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Miee Seol
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Shin Lee
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Ah Kang
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mijin Jeon
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ah Rang Jung
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Je-Hwan Lee
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Hur EH, Goo BK, Kim SD, Kim M, Choi Y, Lee KH, Lee JH, Kim DY, Hwang JJ, Kim CS, Ro S, Lee JH. Abstract 4666: Anti-leukemic activity of a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor, CG200745, via induction of mitochondrial dysfunction in acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2012-4666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) can be cured by cytotoxic chemotherapy, but about half of patients with AML fail to obtain long-term survival, mostly due to chemotherapy-resistance. Novel therapeutic approaches are needed to overcome the resistance. Many studies have shown that histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity is elevated in human cancers and HDAC inhibitors (HDIs) induce expression of genes critical for tumor growth arrest and apoptosis. To date, the US FDA approves two HDIs, vorinostat (SAHA) and romidepsin (FK228), for treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. CG200745 {(E)-2-(Naphthalen-1-yloxymethyl)-oct-2-enedioic acid 1-[(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-amide] 8-hydroxyamide]} is a novel hydroxamate-based pan-HDI. We examined anti-leukemic activities of CG200745 in AML and we also compared the effects of CG200745 and SAHA in vitro and in vivo. Materials and methods: For cell proliferation assay, 7 human AML and other leukemia cell lines (HL60, K562, Molm13, MV4, NB4, U937, and KG-1) were cultured with HDIs (CG200745 and SAHA) and cell viability was determined by CCK-SK kit. Cell cycle analysis was performed using a flow cytometer. For western blotting of acetylation and apoptosis induction, antibodies to acetylated (on Lys 18) histone H3, histone H3, PARP, XIAP, caspases-3, –8, and –9, and actin were used. For measuring membrane potential of mitochondria, a flow cytometer was used after staining with TMRE. We established a murine leukemic model with infusing WEHI-3 leukemia cells in BALB/c mice, and tested anti-leukemic effects of HDIs in vivo. Lastly, we obtained leukemic cells from patients with AML and performed cell proliferation assay using CellTiter 96® Aqueous One Solution Reagent. Results: CG200745 and SAHA successfully inhibited HDAC activities in human leukemic cell lines. Both agents decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and IC50 values were lower with CG200745 than with SAHA in all leukemic cell lines except one (KG-1). In U937 cell line, flow cytometry showed the accumulation of S population by both HDIs. Exposure of the cells to the HDIs resulted in activation of caspase-9 and –3, increase of PARP cleavage, and decrease of XIAP. Activation of caspase-8 was not noted. TMRE fluorescence levels decreased after treatment of HDIs in a dose-dependent manner and were correlated with decrease of XIAP and increase of apoptosis. Decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential was more prominent with CG200745 compared to SAHA. In both murine leukemic model using WEHI-3 leukemic cells and CellTiter assay using leukemic cells from AML patients, CG200745 showed more significant anti-leukemic activities than SAHA. Conclusion: CG200745 has significant anti-leukemic activities against AML cells and the effects appear to be mediated by activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and induction of mitochondrial dysfunction.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4666. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4666
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-hye Hur
- 1Univ. of Ulsan Asan Medical Ctr., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon-Kwan Goo
- 1Univ. of Ulsan Asan Medical Ctr., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Doo Kim
- 1Univ. of Ulsan Asan Medical Ctr., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhee Kim
- 1Univ. of Ulsan Asan Medical Ctr., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunsuk Choi
- 1Univ. of Ulsan Asan Medical Ctr., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoo-Hyung Lee
- 1Univ. of Ulsan Asan Medical Ctr., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hee Lee
- 1Univ. of Ulsan Asan Medical Ctr., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Young Kim
- 1Univ. of Ulsan Asan Medical Ctr., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Jin Hwang
- 2Institute for Innovative Cancer Research Asan Medical Ctr., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choung-Soo Kim
- 1Univ. of Ulsan Asan Medical Ctr., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonggu Ro
- 3CrystalGenomic, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Hwan Lee
- 1Univ. of Ulsan Asan Medical Ctr., Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee JH, Lee JH, Kim DY, Kim SD, Choi Y, Kang YA, Seol M, Lee KH. Two cycles of the PS-341/bortezomib, adriamycin, and dexamethasone combination followed by autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients. Eur J Haematol 2012; 88:478-84. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2012.01771.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kim HJ, Cha ES, Ko Y, Kim J, Kim SD, Lee WJ. Pesticide poisonings in South Korea: findings from the National Hospital Discharge Survey 2004-2006. Hum Exp Toxicol 2012; 31:751-8. [PMID: 22249390 DOI: 10.1177/0960327111431709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pesticide poisoning stands as a major public health issue worldwide. The objective of this study was to examine the epidemiologic characteristics of pesticide-related hospitalizations in South Korea. METHODS Data from the Korea National Hospital Discharge Survey were analyzed to describe the epidemiologic characteristics of pesticide poisoning among hospitalized patients from 2004 through 2006. Pesticide-related hospitalizations were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes. National estimates of pesticide-related hospitalizations were calculated using sampling weights for number of hospitalizations. RESULTS A total of 25,982 pesticide-related hospitalizations were estimated during the years 2004-2006, yielding an average annual pesticide-related hospitalization rate of 17.8 per 100,000 population in South Korea. Age-specific rates for pesticide-related hospitalization increased with age, with the highest rate noted among those aged 70 or above. The majority of pesticide-related hospitalization was cases of intentional poisoning in rural areas. Seasonal variation in the rate was observed, with summer being the highest among both men and women. CONCLUSIONS Pesticide-related hospitalization is prevalent and demonstrates demographic and seasonal and regional variations. More effective strategies to reduce pesticide-related hospitalizations are required in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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Park HS, Kim DY, Lee JH, Lee JH, Kim SD, Park YH, Lee JS, Kim BY, Jeon M, Kang YA, Lee YS, Seol M, Lee YJ, Lim YS, Jang S, Park CJ, Chi HS, Lee KH. Clinical features of adult patients with secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis from causes other than lymphoma: an analysis of treatment outcome and prognostic factors. Ann Hematol 2011; 91:897-904. [PMID: 22147006 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-011-1380-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Although hemophagocytic syndrome (HS) featuring secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) has a grave prognosis, little is known about the natural course of the disease. Patients who showed the clinical features of HLH as well as tissue-proven hemophagocytosis when seen at Asan Medical Center between 1999 and 2010 were included in this analysis. Patients with proven lymphoma were excluded. The median age of our 23 study patients was 49 years. Epstein-Barr virus was suspected to have caused HS in 16 (70%) patients and hepatitis A virus in one patient. Twenty-two patients were treated, 13 according to the HLH protocol and nine using immunosuppressive agents such as corticosteroid and/or cyclosporine. Five patients undertook allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) during their treatment-dependent relapse (n = 4) or responsive status (n = 1). After the median follow-up of 180 days, 17 (74%) died and six (26%) were alive. The median time from initial presentation until death was 41 days among those patients who died. The serum fibrinogen level ≥166 mg/dL determined at the initial visit was significantly associated with the survival time according to univariate analysis. The low histiocyte proportion in bone marrow and early initiation of treatment tended to correlate with a favorable outcome. On multivariate analysis, serum fibrinogen ≥166 mg/dL (hazard ratio, 0.175, P = 0.018) was an independent clinical factor for determining the patient survival time. Despite appropriate patient management, the outcome of HS featuring HLH was grave. The serum fibrinogen level at the initial presentation was significant, and selected patients obtained some benefit from allogeneic HCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Seung Park
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee JH, Lee JH, Kim DY, Yun SC, Kim SD, Choi Y, Lee YS, Kang YA, Jeon MJ, Seol M, Lee KH. Pre-engraftment graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for acute leukemia. Eur J Haematol 2011; 87:172-81. [PMID: 21599753 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2011.01646.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) usually occurs with neutrophil engraftment following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), but it can also occur before engraftment. We intended to analyze the effects of timing of acute GVHD on leukemia relapse and mortality. METHODS The outcomes of pre- and postengraftment GVHD were investigated in 384 patients who underwent allogeneic HCT for acute leukemia. RESULTS Acute GVHD occurred in 100 patients, pre-engraftment in 22 and postengraftment in 78. Compared with postengraftment GVHD, pre-engraftment GVHD was more severe, as assessed by overall grade, with more frequent and more severe skin involvement and higher incidences of non-infectious fever, diarrhea, hepatic dysfunction, renal insufficiency, and weight gain. Compared with patients without acute GVHD, those with postengraftment GVHD had lower cumulative incidence of relapse [CIR; hazard ratio (HR), 0.470; P=0.006] and higher cumulative incidence of non-relapse mortality (CINRM; HR, 2.568; P<0.001), while those with pre-engraftment GVHD had similar CIR (HR, 0.815; P=0.059) and higher CINRM (HR, 2.872; P=0.036). Overall survival of patients with pre-engraftment GVHD was lower than that of those without acute GVHD (HR, 1.976; P=0.017), which was similar to that of those with postengraftment GVHD (HR, 0.969; P=0.878). Separate analyses of the effects of timing of acute GVHD on post-transplant outcomes in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) showed similar trends. CONCLUSION Pre-engraftment GVHD might be a 'cytokine storm' type syndrome rather than 'real' GVHD, indicating the need for separate analyses of pre- and postengraftment GVHD in future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hee Lee
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim SD, Byun YH, Hur EH, Oh SW, Lee JH, Goo BK, Lee SS, Jung KY, Lee KH, Lee JH, Kim DY, Choi Y, Lee JH. Abstract 4518: Effects of a novel small molecule inhibitor of Wnt signal pathway, CWP232291, on primary tumor cells from patients with malignant hematologic diseases. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-4518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Aberrant activation of Wnt signaling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of hematologic malignancies. CWP232291 is a novel small molecule that inhibits Wnt signaling through promotion of beta-catenin degradation. In vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activities of CWP232291 were demonstrated in previous studies using hematologic cancer cell lines (J.Y.C. 2010 AACR, LB-176). Here we report the effects of CWP232291 on primary tumor cells from patients with malignant hematologic diseases.
Materials and methods: We performed cell viability assay using luminescent-based CellTiter Glo system to determine in vitro growth inhibitory activities in bone marrow mononuclear cells of healthy volunteers and in primary tumor cells collected from bone marrow of the patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and B-cell neoplasms (B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma [B-NHL] and multiple myeloma [MM]). Western blot assay was done for changes of intracellular beta-catenin levels after the treatment of CWP232291.
Summary of results: CWP232291 showed little effects on normal bone marrow cells, whereas it exerted potent cytotoxicities in a significant proportion of the patients’ samples (8 of 13 AML patients, 2 of 3 B-NHL patients, and 2 of 4 MM patients). The cytotoxic effects of CWP232291 at sub-micromolar levels were more potent than those of anti-leukemic cytotoxic agents such as cytarabine, daunorubicin, or doxorubicin. All of the tumor samples from the AML patients with t(8;21) (n=3), trisomy 8 (n=3), or MLL translocations (n=1) were sensitive to CWP232291. Baseline intracellular beta-catenin levels were elevated in both B-NHL patients’ samples that were sensitive to CWP232291 and the beta-catenin levels decreased after the treatment with CWP232291.
Conclusion: Our data from primary patients’ samples provide a rationale for exploring the clinical activities of CWP232291 in the treatment of patients with hematologic malignancies, especially AML and B-cell neoplasms.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4518. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4518
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Young-Hee Byun
- 2Central Research Institute, Choongwae Pharma Corporation, Hwaseong, Korea, Republic of
| | - Eun-Hye Hur
- 1Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Se-Woong Oh
- 2Central Research Institute, Choongwae Pharma Corporation, Hwaseong, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jong Heun Lee
- 2Central Research Institute, Choongwae Pharma Corporation, Hwaseong, Korea, Republic of
| | | | | | - Kyung-Yun Jung
- 2Central Research Institute, Choongwae Pharma Corporation, Hwaseong, Korea, Republic of
| | | | | | | | - Yunsuk Choi
- 1Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Je-Hwan Lee
- 1Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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Hur EH, Kim SD, Goo BK, Lee SS, Lee KH, Lee JH, Kim DY, Choi Y, Lee JH. Abstract 1245: Characterization of human leukemic cell lines and changes of the characteristics according to passage number. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Human leukemic cell lines are valuable tools for the studies on the biology of hematologic cancers and new drug development. We investigated the baseline characteristics of human leukemic cell lines and changes of the properties according to passage number.
Materials and methods: A total of 11 human leukemic cell lines were investigated in this study, including myeloid leukemia cell lines (HL60, NB4, Molm-13, MV4-11, KG-1, K562) and lymphoid leukemia cell lines (CCRFCEM, SR, U937, Molt4, Jurkat). Genetic mutations (N-Ras, K-Ras, B-Raf, FLT3-ITD, FLT3-TKD, MLL) and polymorphisms (MDR3435CT and GST genes [A, M, T]) were detected using appropriate methods such as PCR, RFLP or DNA sequencing. MDR activities were measured using Rhodamine 123 efflux assay. Establishment of xenograft model for each cell line was tried with subcutaneous injection of leukemic cells mixed with matrigel matrix into Balb/c nude mouse. Cell lines were maintained with two times of passage per week. Western blot assay was done for changes of expression of intracellular signaling pathway proteins such as ERK, p-ERK, AKT, p-AKT, and HR23B according to the passage number.
Summary of results: N-Ras mutation was found in HL60 (Gln61Leu) and Molt4 (Gly13Val), K-Ras mutation in CCRFCEM (Gly12Asp) and NB4 (Ala18Asp), B-Raf mutation in none, FLT3-ITD and MLL rearrangements in Molm-13 and MV4-11, and FLT3-TKD in none. High MDR activity was noted in KG-1 (92.5%) and other cell lines showed less than 30% of MDR activities. Mouse xenograft model was established with 7 leukemic cell lines (HL60, NB4, MV4-11, Molm-13, K562, Molt4 and CCRFCEM). ERK phosphorylation was observed in most cell lines except CCRFCEM, but AKT phosphorylation was not found in any of the cell lines. As increasing the passage number, the levels of p-ERK in K562 and HL60 significantly decreased whereas those of p-AKT in Molm-13 were elevated.
Conclusion: Our study results provide genetic and biologic data for human leukemic cell lines and show the importance of passage number of the leukemic cell lines in designing experiments.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1245. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1245
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hye Hur
- 1Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yunsuk Choi
- 1Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Je-Hwan Lee
- 1Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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Kim DY, Lee JH, Lee JH, Kim SD, Lim SN, Choi Y, Lee YS, Kang YA, Seol M, Jeon M, Kim JY, Lee KH, Lee YJ, Lee KH. Significance of fibrinogen, D-dimer, and LDH levels in predicting the risk of bleeding in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leuk Res 2011; 35:152-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2010.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Revised: 05/19/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lee HW, Lim MS, Seong SJ, Park J, Lee J, Seo JJ, Kim SD, Shin HM, Yoon YR. Clinical evaluation of efficacy and tolerability of HMC05 in healthy subjects with normal and high-normal blood pressure: a pilot study. Planta Med 2011; 77:221-225. [PMID: 20717875 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1250237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
HMC05, a formulation containing eight different herbal extracts, has been used widely for several thousand years in China, Japan, and Korea as a remedy for hypertension and headache. Although its anti-inflammatory effects in mouse monocytic cell lines and anti-atherosclerotic effects in apoE-knockout mice have been reported, the pharmacodynamic effects of HMC05 in human subjects have not yet been investigated. We evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of this drug in 14 healthy male Korean subjects with normal or high-normal blood pressure (BP) in a randomized, single-blind, crossover study with a 2-week washout period. Four 500-mg tablets of HMC05 or placebo were orally administered three times daily to nine subjects with normal BP and five subjects with high-normal BP for 4 weeks. To assess the pharmacodynamic effects of HMC05, levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and homocysteine, BP, and flow-mediated vasodilation were measured before and after the 4-week medication period with evaluation of tolerability. All 14 subjects completed the study, and HMC05 was well tolerated with no significant adverse events. HMC05 did not exhibit a significant BP-lowering effect in either BP group, and there were no significant differences in other pharmacodynamic values after HMC05 or placebo administration in the two groups. Further study is needed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of HMC05 in an adequate number of patients with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Won Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University Graduate School, Daegu, Korea
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of E. coli in river sediments to degrade estrogen conjugates. Biodegradation experiments on glucuronide estrogens (E1-GLU, E2-GLU and E3-GLU) using E. coli, non-E. coli bacteria as well as sediment crude extracts were carried out in batch mode. A pure identified E. coli strain (KCTC 2571) was used for comparison of enzyme activity. The results showed that the degradation rate of estrogen conjugates by KCTC 2571 and E. coli isolated from sediments followed a similar trend. Fecal bacteria showed a high ability to deconjugate glucuronided estrogens. Approximately 50% of glucuronide moieties were cleaved within 4 h of contact time in experiments using pure E. coli. The degradation rate was slower in experiments using crude extracts of sediments, and conjugated estrogens were not completely degraded even after 12 h of reaction. These results provide a clear understanding of the fate and behavior of estrogen by bacteria in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Duong
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 261 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
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Park SJ, Yoo HY, Earm YE, Kim SJ, Kim JK, Kim SD. Role of arachidonic acid-derived metabolites in the control of pulmonary arterial pressure and hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in rats. Br J Anaesth 2010; 106:31-7. [PMID: 20935003 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aeq268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The roles of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites in hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV), a critical physiological mechanism that prevents ventilation/perfusion mismatch, are still incompletely understood. METHODS Pulmonary arterial pressure was measured in ventilated/perfused rat lungs. Isometric tones of rat intralobar pulmonary arteries were also measured, using a myograph. RESULTS Hypoxia (Po₂, 3%)-induced pulmonary arterial pressure increases (ΔPAP(hypox)) were stable with blood-mixed perfusate, but decayed spontaneously. ΔPAP(hypox) was inhibited by 29%, 16%, and 28% by the thromboxane A₂ (TXA₂) antagonist SQ-29548, the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, MK886, and the leukotriene D₄ antagonist, LY-171883, respectively. The prostacyclin synthase inhibitor tranylcypromine augmented ΔPAP(hypox) by 5%, whereas inhibition of cytochrome P450 did not affect ΔPAP(hypox). Consistently, the TXA₂ analogue U46619 increased ΔPAP(hypox) whereas prostacyclin abolished ΔPAP(hypox). However, leukotriene D₄ had no direct effect on ΔPAP(hypox). In the isolated pulmonary arteries, pretreatment with U46619 was essential to demonstrate hypoxia-induced contraction. CONCLUSIONS The above results suggest that TXA₂ and cysteinyl leukotrienes, other than leukotriene D₄, are endogenous factors that facilitate HPV in rats. The indispensable role of TXA₂-induced pretone in the HPV of isolated pulmonary arteries indicates that the signal from thromboxane receptors might be a critical component of oxygen sensation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Park
- Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- J S You
- Department of Emergency Medicine & Critical Care Medicine, Seo-Ulsan Boram Hospital, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
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Lee JH, Lee KH, Lee JH, Kim DY, Kim SH, Lim SN, Kim SD, Choi Y, Lee SM, Lee WS, Choi MY, Joo YD. Decreased incidence of febrile episodes with antibiotic prophylaxis in the treatment of decitabine for myelodysplastic syndrome. Leuk Res 2010; 35:499-503. [PMID: 20674021 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2010.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2010] [Revised: 07/03/2010] [Accepted: 07/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the role of antibiotic prophylaxis during decitabine treatment for MDS. The primary endpoint was the incidence of febrile episodes. The total number of decitabine cycles given to 28 patients was 131, and febrile episodes occurred in 15 cycles (11.5%). Antibiotic prophylaxis was orally administered in 95 cycles (72.5%). Febrile episodes were significantly less frequent among patients who received antibiotic prophylaxis (7.4%) than in those without prophylaxis (22.2%) (P=0.017). In conclusion, antibiotic prophylaxis reduced the incidence of febrile episodes in patients who received decitabine treatment for MDS, especially at earlier cycles and in the presence of severe cytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Hwan Lee
- Department of Hematology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Lim HS, Kim YS, Kim SD. Pseudomonas stutzeri YPL-1 Genetic Transformation and Antifungal Mechanism against Fusarium solani, an Agent of Plant Root Rot. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 57:510-6. [PMID: 16348417 PMCID: PMC182741 DOI: 10.1128/aem.57.2.510-516.1991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An actively antagonistic bacterium that could be used as a biocontrol agent against Fusarium solani, which causes root rots with considerable losses in many important crops, was isolated from a ginseng rhizosphere and identified as a strain of Pseudomonas stutzeri. In several biochemical tests with culture filtrates of P. stutzeri YPL-1 and in mutational analyses of antifungal activities of reinforced or defective mutants, we found that the anti-F. solani mechanism of the bacterium may involve a lytic enzyme rather than a toxic substance or antibiotic. P. stutzeri YPL-1 produced extracellular chitinase and laminarinase when grown on different polymers such as chitin, laminarin, or F. solani mycelium. These lytic extracellular enzymes markedly inhibited mycelial growth rather than spore germination and also caused lysis of F. solani mycelia and germ tubes. Scanning electron microscopy revealed degradation of the F. solani mycelium. Abnormal hyphal swelling and retreating were caused by the lysing agents from P. stutzeri YPL-1, and a penetration hole was formed on the hyphae in the region of interaction with the bacterium; the walls of this region were rapidly lysed, causing leakage of protoplasm. Genetically bred P. stutzeri YPL-1 was obtained by transformation of the bacterium with a broad-host-range vector, pKT230. Also, the best conditions for the transformation were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Lim
- Department of Applied Microbiology, Yeungnam University, Gyongsan 713-749, Korea
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Phapale PB, Lee HW, Lim MS, Kim EH, Kim SD, Park J, Lee M, Hwang SK, Yoon YR. Rapid determination of finasteride in human plasma by UPLC–MS/MS and its application to clinical pharmacokinetic study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 878:1718-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2010] [Revised: 04/16/2010] [Accepted: 04/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kim JT, Na HS, Kim HS, Kim CS, Kim SD. CPAP of 10 cmH2O during cardiopulmonary bypass followed by an alveolar recruitment manoeuvre does not improve post-bypass oxygenation compared to a recruitment manoeuvre alone in children. Anaesth Intensive Care 2010; 38:291-4. [PMID: 20369762 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x1003800227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This randomised controlled study assessed whether continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) of 10 cmH2O during cardiopulmonary bypass improves post-bypass oxygenation in children compared with no CPAP during bypass. We studied children with a ventricular septal defect. CPAP of 10 cmH2O was applied during bypass in the CPAP group (n=24), whereas the lungs were left deflated in the control group (n=20). In both groups, an alveolar recruitment maneuver was performed by applying positive pressure of 30 to 40 cmH2O for five seconds before weaning from bypass. Postoperative ventilation had the peak inflation pressure set to produce an expired tidal volume of 8 ml/kg with positive end expiratory pressure of 5 cmH2O. Arterial blood gas and haemodynamic measurements were performed at skin incision, five minutes after weaning from bypass, five minutes after chest closure and four hours after arrival in the intensive care unit. In four children CPAP was discontinued because it adversely affected the operating field. There was no difference in demographic characteristics, haemodynamic data, bypass time and operation time. No difference was observed between the groups with respect to pH, PaO2, P(A-a) DO2, PaCO2, and ETCO2 at each time. Variability in the data was greater than expected, leading to a decrease in the expected power of the study. CPAP at 10 cmH2O during bypass was not found to improve the post-bypass oxygenation as compared with leaving the lung deflated during bypass in children undergoing ventricular septal defect repair who had an alveolar recruitment maneuver at the end of bypass.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Hur EH, Kang MJ, Kim SD, Lim SN, Kim DY, Lee JH, Lee KH, Lee JH. Influence of Environmental Conditions on c-Jun N-terminal Kinase Mediated Apoptosis of HL60 Cells by Anti-Cancer Drugs. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2010. [DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2010.18.1.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Phapale PB, Lee HW, Kim SD, Lim MS, Kale DD, Lee JM, Park JH, Moon SO, Yoon YR. Analysis of Pazufloxacin Mesilate in Human Plasma and Urine by LC with Fluorescence and UV Detection, and Its Application to Pharmacokinetic Study. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-1408-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Na HS, Kim JT, Kim HS, Bahk JH, Kim CS, Kim SD. Practical anatomic landmarks for determining the insertion depth of central venous catheter in paediatric patients. Br J Anaesth 2009; 102:820-3. [PMID: 19380312 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aep078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various methods have been recommended to decide a proper insertion depth of central venous catheter (CVC). The carina is recommended as a useful target level for the CVC tip position. We evaluated the sternal head of a right clavicle and the nipples as anatomic landmarks for determining the optimal depth of CVC in paediatric patients. METHODS Ninety children, <5 yr, undergoing catheterization through the right internal jugular vein were enrolled. The insertion depth was determined as follows. The insertion point was designated as 'Point I'. The sternal head of the right clavicle was called 'Point A' and the midpoint of the perpendicular line drawn from Point A to the line connecting both nipples was called 'Point B'. The insertion depth of CVC was determined by adding the two distances (from I to A and from A to B) and subtracting 0.5 cm from this. A chest radiography was taken and the distance of the CVC tip from the carina level was measured by the Picture Archiving and Communicating System. RESULTS The mean distance of the CVC tip from the carina level was 0.1 (1.0) (P=0.293) cm above the carina (95% CI 0.1 cm below the carina-0.3 cm above the carina). There was no specific relationship between the distance of the CVC tip from the carina level and the patients' age, height, and weight. CONCLUSIONS The CVC tip could be placed near the carina by using the external landmarks without any formulae, images, and devices in children in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Na
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
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Chung NT, Ra JS, Park K, Kim DW, Kim SD. Toxicity of artificial runoff fostered with dry deposition particulates from industrial, commercial, and highway area in Gwangju, Korea. Water Sci Technol 2009; 59:2227-2235. [PMID: 19494463 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2009.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The adverse effects of rainwater and artificial urban runoff (an imitation of urban runoff during rainfall event) were investigated using a battery of bioassays employing three test species. Urban dusts were collected at three representative sites; commercial, industrial and highway areas. The water quality parameters of rainwater and artificial runoff revealed low hardness (23.4 approximately 34.2 mg*L(-1) as CaCO(3)) and alkalinity (7.0 approximately 34.2 mg*L(-1) as CaCO(3)). High toxicities were observed in the bioassays for the artificial runoffs. The average toxic units for D. magna, S. capricornutum, and O. latipes were 1.26(+/-0.84), 1.34(+/-1.10) and 2.05(+/-1.08), respectively. Of these species, O. latipes revealed significantly higher toxicity compared to D. magna and S. capricornutum (p < 0.05). Embryo lesions were observed with 6.25% treatments, and these significantly increased at 12.5% treatments (p < 0.05). The EC(50) values for each artificial runoff were 22.5, 22.6 and 25.4% for commercial, industrial and highway areas, respectively. With 12.5% treatment, significant delays in hatching times were observed (p < 0.05); all embryos tested did not hatched at 100% treatment. Similarly, a significant decrease in hatching success was observed at every sampling point from 25% treatment (p < 0.05). The adverse effects of artificial runoff on the three test species suggests that urban surface runoff can cause significant impairment in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- N T Chung
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
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Kim JT, Na HS, Bae JY, Kim DW, Kim HS, Kim CS, Kim SD. GlideScope video laryngoscope: a randomized clinical trial in 203 paediatric patients. Br J Anaesth 2008; 101:531-4. [PMID: 18689807 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aen234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The GlideScope intubating device has been reported to provide a comparable or superior laryngoscopic view compared with direct laryngoscopy in adults. This study compared the use of the GlideScope with direct laryngoscopy for the laryngoscopic view and intubation time in children. METHODS The laryngoscopic view in 203 children was scored using both the Macintosh laryngoscope and the GlideScope using Cormack and Lehane (C&L) grades. After scoring each laryngoscopic view with and without BURP, the patients were randomly allocated to two groups. The trachea was intubated using direct laryngoscopy (Group DL, n=100) or the GlideScope (Group GS, n=103). We compared C&L grades for the two views in the same patient, and also the time to intubate for each group. RESULTS The GlideScope improved the view without BURP in the patients with C&L grade 2 (16/26, P<0.01) and with C&L grades 3 and 4 (7/11, P<0.05). The view with BURP was also improved by the GlideScope in C&L grade 2 (4/9, P<0.05) and with C&L grades 3 and 4 (4/5, P=0.059). The mean time for tracheal intubation was 36.0 (17.9) s in the GS group and 23.8 (13.9) s in the DL group (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS In children, the GlideScope provided a laryngoscopic view equal to or better than that of direct laryngoscopy but required a longer time for intubation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-T Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, # 28 Yongondong, Jongnogu, Seoul 110-744, Korea
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Lee HW, Lee HW, Park DJ, Moon SO, Ahn JH, Kim MJ, Kim SD, Kim JE, Yoon YR. The effects of fexofenadine at steady-state on sleep architecture: a study using polysomnography in healthy Korean volunteers. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2008; 9:1655-65. [PMID: 18570599 DOI: 10.1517/14656566.9.10.1655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the effects of a first-generation antihistamine, chlorpheniramine, with those of the second-generation antihistamine, fexofenadine, at steady-state, on nocturnal sleep architecture in healthy Korean volunteers using polysomnography and the Multiple Sleep Latency Test. We evaluated whether a genetic polymorphism of multi-drug resistance 1 gene (MDR1) could produce variations in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters of fexofenadine. DESIGN/METHODS Ten healthy male volunteers received one capsule of fexofenadine 180 mg once each morning or chlorpheniramine 6 mg (2 mg in the morning and 4 mg after 12 h) for 3 days, in a single-site, randomized, double-blind, two-treatment, multiple-dosing, two-way crossover study, with a washout period of 7 days. Overnight polysomnography was measured on the second night of the treatment period. The Multiple Sleep Latency Test was carried out the next morning. Blood samples were taken for the assessment of fexofenadine pharmacokinetics and MDR1 genotyping on the third day. RESULTS Compared with baseline and fexofenadine, chlorpheniramine significantly increased the latency in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, with no significant decrease in the percentage of REM sleep. No significant change in latency for REM sleep or percentage REM sleep after dosing with fexofenadine was observed. There was no significant change in the daytime sleepiness with fexofenadine and chlorpheniramine. The effects of MDR1 genotypes and haplotypes on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of fexofenadine were not significant. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that fexofenadine and chlorpheniramine at steady-state have no significant effect on nocturnal sleep variables and daytime sleepiness, when compared to baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Won Lee
- Kyungpook National University Hospital, Department of Neurology, 50 Samduk-dong 2 Ga, Jung-gu, Daegu, 700-721, Korea
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Little information is available about the accuracy of the teeth mark on the laryngeal tube (LT) as a guide to correct placement in children. The aim of this crossover study was to evaluate three methods for optimal insertion depth of the size (#) 2 tube in children weighing 12-25 kg. METHOD In 24 children, the LT #2 was consecutively inserted by three different methods: (A) until the thick teeth mark on the tube was aligned with the upper incisors, (B) until resistance was felt, and (C) by inserting to a depth, previously measured, of the curved distance between the cricoid cartilage and the upper incisor. In each case, the depth of insertion, the degree of effective ventilation, the presence of leakage, and the fibreoptic view were assessed. RESULTS Insertion based on the teeth mark led to a shorter insertion depth and a greater incidence of inadequate ventilation compared with the other two methods. There was no difference in the adequacy of ventilation between methods B and C. The vocal cords were more easily identified with methods B (62.5%) and C (75%) than with method A (12.5%). CONCLUSIONS Insertion of the LT #2 aligned with the teeth mark can result in a shallow insertion depth and inadequate ventilation. The measured distance from the cricoid cartilage to the upper incisor offers alternative guidance for correct LT insertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, # 28 Yongondong, Jongnogu, Seoul 110-744, Korea
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Song JM, Kim SD, Kim JH, Kim MJ, Kang DH, Seo JB, Lim TH, Lee JW, Song MG, Song JK. Long-term predictors of descending aorta aneurysmal change in patients with aortic dissection. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007; 50:799-804. [PMID: 17707186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2007] [Revised: 02/20/2007] [Accepted: 03/13/2007] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to demonstrate the long-term natural course of descending aorta dilation after acute aortic dissection (AD) and identify early predictors for late aneurysmal change. BACKGROUND Aneurysmal dilation of the aorta is a critical late complication in AD patients. METHODS Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) was performed during the acute phase in 100 AD patients, comprising 51 type 1 who underwent ascending aorta surgery and 49 type 3 AD patients. Clinical observation was conducted for 53 +/- 26 months, and CT was repeated for 31 +/- 27 months. RESULTS Aneurysm (diameter > or =60 mm) occurred in 14.4%, 8.2%, 4.1%, and 3.1% of patients at the upper descending thoracic aorta (UT), mid descending thoracic aorta (MT), lower descending thoracic aorta (LT) and abdominal aorta (AA), respectively. Of 53 patients in whom CT was repeated for > or =2 years, the rates of aorta diameter enlargement at the UT, MT, LT, and AA levels were 3.43 +/- 3.66 mm/year, 3.21 +/- 2.70 mm/year, 2.62 +/- 2.19 mm/year, and 1.93 +/- 3.13 mm/year, respectively (p < 0.01), and aneurysm developed in 15 (28%). The initial false lumen diameter at the UT, the aorta diameter at the MT, and Marfan syndrome were independent predictors of late aneurysm. A > or =22-mm initial false lumen diameter at the UT predicted late aneurysm with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 76%. The patients with initial UT false lumen diameter > or =22-mm (n = 42) showed higher event rate (aneurysm or death) than others (n = 58) (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The UT is the major site of late aneurysmal dilation. A large UT false lumen diameter on the initial CT portends late aneurysm and adverse outcome warranting early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Min Song
- Division of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Park J, Park JY, Kim SH, Lim DJ, Kim SD, Chung HS. Long term results from percutaneous radiofrequency neurotomy on posterior primary ramus in patients with chronic low back pain. Acta Neurochir Suppl 2007; 99:81-3. [PMID: 17370770 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-211-35205-2_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We report on our experience of percutaneous radiofrequency neurotomy (PRN) on the posterior primary ramus (PPR) with at least two years follow-up. METHODS 228 patients underwent PRN on the PPR for refractory low back pain. 128 patients met the inclusion criteria of facetal originated pain (group II), while 100 patients did not (group I). Radiofrequency (RF) procedures were applied in the usual manner. Pain relief was assessed at 1 week, 1 month, 6 months and 2 years using visual analog scale (VAS). FINDINGS Positive responders were 56% at 1 week, 46% at 1 month, 18% at 6 months, and 13% at 2 years after PRN in group I, and 78.9% at 1 week, 75.4% at 1 month, 62.5% at 6 months, and 54.7% at 2 years in group II. Prominent local tenderness, percussion tenderness, pain on getting up, extension and transitional movement, radiating pain on buttock and/or posterior thigh, and good immediate response were found to be significantly related to good outcome. CONCLUSION PRN on the PPR has long-term beneficial effects. Long-term good results can be achieved after proper selection of patients with facet joint related low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University School of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
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Park JY, Kim SD, Park J, Lim DJ, Lee HK, Chung HS. A new and simple transection knife for study of neurodegeneration and neuroregeneration in animal model. Acta Neurochir Suppl 2007; 99:145-50. [PMID: 17370782 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-211-35205-2_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to design and make a simple, inexpensive brain knife that could produce consistent results following transection in animal model. MATERIALS AND METHODS After testing various materials including commercially available products, microelectrode recording needles as used in deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery were selected as ideal candidates. They were modified to serve as type of wire-knife for the purposes of study. For this study, the major pathway for dopaminergic neuron from substantia nigra to striatum was selected for transection. A total of 40 Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to 8 groups; normal, 1-4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks post-transection. Degree of cell death was determined and surviving neurons were counted by means of fluorescent microscopic examination, immunohistochemistry involving tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunoreactive staining, and mapping to verify complete transection. RESULTS Compared to control, percentage of remaining neurons in each group was 61.3, 36.8, 29.9, 5.1, 5.9, 7.0%, respectively. Completeness of lesion was correlated with the absence of TH-immunoreactivity in the striatum. CONCLUSION Our model seems to provide complete cell death in early period after transection with consistent results. Thus, this type of brain knife can be very handy, without any extra cost, in any research model involving transection of fiber bundle for studies on neurodegeneration and neuroregeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Korea University Medical Center, Ansan Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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Kim HK, Lee BC, Kim SD, Kamei T, Magara Y. Rapid and comprehensive indicator for evaluation of performance of treatment processes and of river waters. Water Sci Technol 2007; 55:315-20. [PMID: 17305155 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2007.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring UV active compounds, commonly present in almost all source waters, can be rapidly monitored by their ultraviolet absorbance at 260 nm (E260). Herein, the extent of correlation between the E260 and the removal efficiency of the hazardous contaminants, endocrine disrupters and dioxins, were investigated using various treatment and river source waters. The detection of various types of hazardous contaminants using sophisticated analytical methods, such as high resolution gas chromatography (HRGC)/high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/inductively coupled plasma (ICP)/mass spectrometry (MS), as well as various short-term bioassays, can require hours or even days for results to be obtained. The removal of the E260 correlated well with those of individual contaminants, such as endocrine disruptor chemicals and dioxins, with the various treatment processes employed. In the plots of the endocrine disrupters against the DOC/E260, a correlation was found with the endocrine activity of the Korean/Japanese river waters employed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Kim
- Youngsan River water Research Lab., National Institute of Environmental Research, 1110-8 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-480, Korea
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Yoon SZ, Shin TJ, Kim HS, Lee J, Kim CS, Kim SD, Park CD. Depth of a central venous catheter tip: length of insertion guideline for pediatric patients. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2006; 50:355-7. [PMID: 16480470 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2006.00951.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In pediatric patients, several studies have been undertaken to establish central venous catheter (CVC) tip optimal depth. Assessments of catheter tip position using chest radiographs may be misleading, whereas transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has been shown to accurately monitor catheter tip placement at the superior vena cava-right atrial (SVC-RA) junction. The aim of this study was to issue a guideline for ideal catheter insertion depth, from the right internal jugular vein (IJV) using TEE to confirm the position of the catheter tip at the SVC-RA junction. METHODS Over a 6-month period, we studied 60 right internal jugular vein catheterizations in infants and children undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease. Positions of CVC tips were confirmed to be at the SVC-RA junction by TEE. Distance from the skin puncture site to the SVC-RA junction, height, weight, and age were recorded. RESULTS Distances measured were found to be highly correlated with patient height. The following guideline allows the CVC tip to be positioned above the RA in 97.5% of patients with an accuracy of 95%: optimal depth of insertion (cm) = 1.7 + (0.07 x height) in patients whose height is between 40 and 140 cm. CONCLUSION The model proposed for the insertion of the CVC tip in pediatric patients could be used to prevent inadvertent catheter tip placement into the atrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Z Yoon
- Department of Anesthesiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Kim GT, Hyun MS, Chang IS, Kim HJ, Park HS, Kim BH, Kim SD, Wimpenny JWT, Weightman AJ. Dissimilatory Fe(III) reduction by an electrochemically active lactic acid bacterium phylogenetically related to Enterococcus gallinarum isolated from submerged soil. J Appl Microbiol 2005; 99:978-87. [PMID: 16162251 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2004.02514.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The isolation and identification of a glucose-oxidizing Fe(III)-reducing bacteria (FRB) with electrochemical activity from an anoxic environment, and characterization of the role of Fe(III) in its metabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS A Gram-positive (Firmicutes), nonmotile, coccoid and facultative anaerobic FRB was isolated based on its ability to reduce Fe(III). Using the Vitek Gram-positive identification card kit and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the isolate was identified as Enterococcus gallinarum, designated strain MG25. On glucose this isolate produced lactate plus small amounts of acetate, formate and CO2 and its growth rates were similar in the presence and absence of Fe(O)OH. These results suggest that MG25 can couple glucose oxidation to Fe(III) reduction, but without conservation of energy to support growth. Cyclic voltammetry showed that strain MG25 was electrochemically active. CONCLUSIONS An electrochemically active and FRB, E. gallinarum MG25, was isolated from submerged soil. Fe(III) is used in the bacterial metabolism as an electron sink. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first report concerning the electrochemical activity of glucose-oxidizing FRB, E. gallinarum. This organism and others like it could be used as new biocatalysts to improve the performance of a mediator-less microbial fuel cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- G T Kim
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Yoon SZ, Shin JH, Hahn S, Oh AY, Kim HS, Kim SD, Kim CS. Usefulness of the carina as a radiographic landmark for central venous catheter placement in paediatric patients † †Presented, in part, at the 2005 Annual Meeting of European Society of Anaesthesiologists, Vienna, Austria. Br J Anaesth 2005; 95:514-7. [PMID: 16040638 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aei199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several reports have proposed radiographic landmarks for the proper positioning of central venous catheters (CVC). The carina is one of the proposed landmarks in adults. Here, we evaluate the possibility of using the carina as a radiographic landmark for the identification of proper positioning of the CVC tip in paediatric patients. METHODS We studied 57 right internal jugular vein catheterizations in infants and children undergoing surgery for the treatment of congenital heart disease. After placing the CVC tip at the junction of the superior vena cava and the right atrium (SVC-RA junction) via intraoperative transoesophageal echocardiography, and by taking postoperative anterior-posterior chest radiographs, we measured the longitudinal distance from the carina to the SVC-RA junction, using the Picture Archiving and Communicating System. RESULTS The average distance between the carina and the SVC-RA junction was 1.5 cm (95% CI 1.3-1.8 cm). No catheter tip was above the carina. Although there was no particular relationship between this distance and the patient's age, height, or weight, the distance between the carina and the SVC-RA junction tended to be more variable in younger and smaller children. CONCLUSIONS The carina can be used as a radiographic landmark for the proper CVC tip placement in paediatric patients. If the tip of the CVC is not distal to the carina the chances are minute that it is in the right atrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Z Yoon
- Department of Anaesthesiology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea
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Pyun JC, Kim SD, Chung JW. New immobilization method for immunoaffinity biosensors by using thiolated proteins. Anal Biochem 2005; 347:227-33. [PMID: 16266682 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2005.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2005] [Revised: 07/31/2005] [Accepted: 09/11/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new immobilization method for immunoaffinity (IA) biosensors that ensures the high surface density and the stability of the IA layer was developed. For the immobilization of biomolecules, the molecular recognition protein was first thiolated by covalent conjugation of mercaptopropionic acid, and then the thiolated protein was attached on the gold surface of the transducer. In this work, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and its antibody were used as a model antigen-antibody, and the following properties of the IA layer prepared by thiolated protein were estimated: (i) biological integrity of HRP after the immobilization process by using activity assay, (ii) charge transfer resistance by immobilization, (iii) mass loading by the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor, (iv) number of binding sites, and (v) feasibility test for the measurement of capacitive change by the antigen-antibody interaction. Based on these parameters, the immobilization method by using thiolated protein was determined to be feasible for application to IA biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Pyun
- Korea Institute for Science and Technology (KIST) Europe, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany.
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Kim SD, Bae JE, Park HS, Cha DK. Bioleaching of cadmium and nickel from synthetic sediments by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. Environ Geochem Health 2005; 27:229-35. [PMID: 16059779 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-004-3479-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2003] [Accepted: 09/17/2004] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The microbial leaching process was evaluated for the treatment of synthetic sediments contaminated with cadmium and nickel sulfides. A series of batch leaching experiments was conducted to compare metal solubilization in sediment inoculated with Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans -inoculated sediments to that in sterile control sediment. The rate and extent of metal solubilization were significantly higher in A. ferrooxidans -inoculated reactors than in acidified sterile reactors. The efficiency of cadmium (Cd) solubilization (80) in the bioleaching process was higher than that of nickel (Ni) solubilization (60). The performance of leaching reactors containing only culture supernatants was comparable to that of A. ferrooxidans -inoculated reactors, indicating that indirect non-contact leaching by the products of microbial metabolism is the predominant mechanism for metal solubilization rather than direct microbial sulfide oxidation. Moreover, the similar (60-75%) extents of Cd(2+) leaching with A. ferrooxidans , cell-free filtrate, and Fe(3+) suggest that abiotic oxidation of CdS by Fe(3+) controls the overall leaching rate, and the role of A. ferrooxidans is most likely not to oxidize CdS mineral directly but to regenerate Fe(3+) as an oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Kim
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 500-712, Korea
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