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Sano H, Endo K, Sawaji Y, Aihara T, Suzuki H, Yamauchi T, Ishiyama M, Osada T, Ueno R, Masaoka T, Nishimura H, Yamamoto K. A novel diagnostic examination for dropped head syndrome (DHS) (Prone position cervical extension test; DHS test). J Orthop Sci 2023:S0949-2658(23)00262-2. [PMID: 37845161 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dropped head syndrome (DHS) is followed by severe cervical extension muscle weakness that results in chin-on chest deformity. However, maintaining a neutral cervical position can be temporarily possible, and the diagnosis of DHS might sometimes be difficult. The purpose of the present study is to examine a novel clinical test (DHS test) as the diagnostic utility for objective evaluation that focuses on cervical extension condition in the prone position. METHODS One hundred subjects were diagnosed with isolated neck extensor myopathy (INEM)-DHS at our hospital (17 men and 83 women, mean age 75.0 ± 8.5 years), and 62 subjects were enrolled as age-matched controls. The DHS test consisted of three examinations; the first was "Ceiling gazing test" in standing position, the second was horizontal gazing in "Sphinx prone position test", and the third was horizontal gazing in "Hands and knees prone position test". We investigated the sensitivity and specificity of the DHS test for DHS. RESULTS The patients showing positive in the INEM-DHS group were 63/100 in Ceiling gaze test, 73/100 in the Sphinx prone position test, and 91/100 in the Hands and knees prone position test. In the control group, 0/62 patients presented positive in the Ceiling gaze test, 4/62 in the Sphinx prone position test, and 0/62 in the Hands and knees prone position test. Sensitivity and specificity of the DHS test were 63.0%/100%, 73.0%/93.5%, and 91.0%/100% in the Ceiling gaze test, Sphinx position prone position test, and Hands and knees prone position test, respectively. CONCLUSION The prone position cervical extension test (DHS test) would be useful as a novel objective diagnostic tool for INEM-DHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Sano
- Department of Rehabilitation Center, Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Kenji Endo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Japan.
| | - Yasunobu Sawaji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Takahito Aihara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Suzuki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Yamauchi
- Department of Rehabilitation Center, Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ishiyama
- Department of Rehabilitation Center, Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Takuya Osada
- Department of Rehabilitation Center, Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Ryuuichi Ueno
- Department of Rehabilitation Center, Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Toshinori Masaoka
- Department of Rehabilitation Center, Tokyo Medical University, Japan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | | | - Kengo Yamamoto
- Department of Rehabilitation Center, Tokyo Medical University, Japan
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Osada T, Jiang X, Zhao Y, Chen M, Kreager BC, Wu H, Kim H, Ren J, Snyder J, Zhong P, Morse MA, Lyerly HK. The use of histotripsy as intratumoral immunotherapy beyond tissue ablation-the rationale for exploring the immune effects of histotripsy. Int J Hyperthermia 2023; 40:2263672. [PMID: 37806666 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2023.2263672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical high-intensity focused ultrasound (M-HIFU), which includes histotripsy, is a non-ionizing, non-thermal ablation technology that can be delivered by noninvasive methods. Because acoustic cavitation is the primary mechanism of tissue disruption, histotripsy is distinct from the conventional HIFU techniques resulting in hyperthermia and thermal injury. Phase I human trials have shown the initial safety and efficacy of histotripsy in treating patients with malignant liver tumors. In addition to tissue ablation, a promising benefit of M-HIFU has been stimulating a local and systemic antitumor immune response in preclinical models and potentially in the Phase I trial. Preclinical studies combining systemic immune therapies appear promising, but clinical studies of combinations have been complicated by systemic toxicities. Consequently, combining M-HIFU with systemic immunotherapy has been demonstrated in preclinical models and may be testing in future clinical studies. An additional alternative is to combine intratumoral M-HIFU and immunotherapy using microcatheter-placed devices to deliver both M-HIFU and immunotherapy intratumorally. The promise of M-HIFU as a component of anti-cancer therapy is promising, but as forms of HIFU are tested in preclinical and clinical studies, investigators should report not only the parameters of the energy delivered but also details of the preclinical models to enable analysis of the immune responses. Ultimately, as clinical trials continue, clinical responses and immune analysis of patients undergoing M-HIFU including forms of histotripsy will provide opportunities to optimize clinical responses and to optimize application and scheduling of M-HIFU in the context of the multi-modality care of the cancer patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Osada
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Xiaoning Jiang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | - Mengyue Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Benjamin C Kreager
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Huaiyu Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Howuk Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of South Korea
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joshua Snyder
- Department of Surgery and Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Pei Zhong
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael A Morse
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - H Kim Lyerly
- Department of Surgery, Pathology, and Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Morse MA, Crosby EJ, Force J, Osada T, Hobeika AC, Hartman ZC, Berglund P, Smith J, Lyerly HK. Clinical trials of self-replicating RNA-based cancer vaccines. Cancer Gene Ther 2023:10.1038/s41417-023-00587-1. [PMID: 36765179 PMCID: PMC9911953 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00587-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic cancer vaccines, designed to activate immune effectors against tumor antigens, utilize a number of different platforms for antigen delivery. Among these are messenger RNAs (mRNA), successfully deployed in some prophylactic SARS-CoV2 vaccines. To enhance the immunogenicity of mRNA-delivered epitopes, self-replicating RNAs (srRNA) that markedly increase epitope expression have been developed. These vectors are derived from positive-strand RNA viruses in which the structural protein genes have been replaced with heterologous genes of interest, and the structural proteins are provided in trans to create single cycle viral replicon particles (VRPs). Clinical stage srRNA vectors have been derived from alphaviruses, including Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis (VEE), Sindbis, and Semliki Forest virus (SFV) and have encoded the tumor antigens carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), and human papilloma virus (HPV) antigens E6 and E7. Adverse events have mainly been grade 1 toxicities and minimal injection site reactions. We review here the clinical experience with these vaccines and our recent safety data from a study combining a VRP encoding HER2 plus an anti-PD1 monoclonal antibody (pembrolizumab). This experience with VRP-based srRNA supports recent development of fully synthetic srRNA technologies, where the viral structural proteins are replaced with protective lipid nanoparticles (LNP), cationic nanoemulsions or polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Morse
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
| | - Erika J. Crosby
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Center for Applied Therapeutics, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
| | - Jeremy Force
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
| | - Takuya Osada
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Center for Applied Therapeutics, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
| | - Amy C. Hobeika
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Center for Applied Therapeutics, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
| | - Zachary C. Hartman
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Center for Applied Therapeutics, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
| | | | | | - H. Kim Lyerly
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Center for Applied Therapeutics, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
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Kaneko K, Nagata H, Yang XY, Ginzel J, Hartman Z, Everitt J, Hughes P, Haystead T, Morse M, Lyerly HK, Osada T. A Non-Invasive Deep Photoablation Technique to Inhibit DCIS Progression and Induce Antitumor Immunity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235762. [PMID: 36497243 PMCID: PMC9735847 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast is often managed by lumpectomy and radiation or mastectomy, despite its indolent features. Effective non-invasive treatment strategies could reduce the morbidity of DCIS treatment. We have exploited the high heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) activity in premalignant and malignant breast disease to non-invasively detect and selectively ablate tumors using photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT with the HSP90-targeting photosensitizer, HS201, can not only ablate invasive breast cancers (BCs) while sparing non-tumor tissue, but also induce antitumor immunity. We hypothesized that HS201-PDT would both non-invasively ablate DCIS and prevent progression to invasive BC. We tested in vitro selective uptake and photosensitivity of HS201 in DCIS cell lines compared to the non-selective parental verteporfin, and assessed in vivo antitumor efficacy in mammary fat pad and intraductal implantation models. Selective uptake of HS201 enabled treatment of intraductal lesions while minimizing toxicity to non-tumor tissue. The in vivo activity of HS201-PDT was also tested in female MMTV-neu mice prior to the development of spontaneous invasive BC. Mice aged 5 months were administered HS201, and their mammary glands were exposed to laser light. HS201-PDT delayed the emergence of invasive BC, significantly prolonged disease-free survival (DFS) (p = 0.0328) and tended to improve overall survival compared to the no-treatment control (p = 0.0872). Systemic administration of anti-PD-L1 was combined with HS201-PDT and was tested in a more aggressive spontaneous tumor model, HER2delta16 transgenic mice. A single PDT dose combined with anti-PD-L1 improved DFS compared to the no-treatment control, which was significantly improved with repetitive HS201-PDT given with anti-PD-L1 (p = 0.0319). In conclusion, a non-invasive, skin- and tissue-sparing PDT strategy in combination with anti-PD-L1 antibodies effectively prevented malignant progression of DCIS to invasive BC. This non-invasive treatment strategy of DCIS may be safe and effective, while providing an option to reduce the morbidity of current conventional treatment for patients with DCIS. Clinical testing of HS201 is currently underway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Kaneko
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, 203 Research Drive, Rm 433A Box 2606, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Hiroshi Nagata
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, 203 Research Drive, Rm 433A Box 2606, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Xiao-Yi Yang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, 203 Research Drive, Rm 433A Box 2606, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Joshua Ginzel
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Zachary Hartman
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, 203 Research Drive, Rm 433A Box 2606, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jeffrey Everitt
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Philip Hughes
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Timothy Haystead
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Michael Morse
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Herbert Kim Lyerly
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, 203 Research Drive, Rm 433A Box 2606, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Takuya Osada
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, 203 Research Drive, Rm 433A Box 2606, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-919-668-5369
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Kaneko K, Acharya CR, Nagata H, Yang X, Hartman ZC, Hobeika A, Hughes PF, Haystead TAJ, Morse MA, Lyerly HK, Osada T. Combination of a novel heat shock protein 90-targeted photodynamic therapy with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade induces potent systemic antitumor efficacy and abscopal effect against breast cancers. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-004793. [PMID: 36171008 PMCID: PMC9528636 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-004793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously demonstrated potent antitumor activity against human breast cancer xenografts using photodynamic therapy (PDT) targeting a novel tumor-specific photosensitizer (HS201), which binds heat shock protein 90 (HS201-PDT). However, induction of systemic antitumor immunity by HS201-PDT alone or by the combination strategy with immune checkpoint blockade has yet to be determined. METHODS Using unilateral and bilateral implantation models of syngeneic breast tumors (E0771, MM3MG-HER2, and JC-HER3) in mice, we assessed whether HS201-PDT could induce local and systemic antitumor immunity. In an attempt to achieve a stronger abscopal effect for distant tumors, the combination strategy with anti-PD-L1 antibody was tested. Tumor-infiltrating leukocytes were analyzed by single cell RNA-sequencing and receptor-ligand interactome analysis to characterize in more detailed the mechanisms of action of the treatment and key signaling pathways involved. RESULTS HS201-PDT demonstrated greater tumor control and survival in immune competent mice than in immunocompromised mice, suggesting the role of induced antitumor immunity; however, survival was modest and an abscopal effect on distant implanted tumor was weak. A combination of HS201-PDT with anti-PD-L1 antibody demonstrated the greatest antigen-specific immune response, tumor growth suppression, prolonged mouse survival time and abscopal effect. The most significant increase of intratumoral, activated CD8+T cells and decrease of exhausted CD8+T cells occurred following combination treatment compared with HS201-PDT monotherapy. Receptor-ligand interactome analysis showed marked enhancement of several pathways, such as CXCL, GALECTIN, GITRL, PECAM1 and NOTCH, associated with CD8+T cell activation in the combination group. Notably, the expression of the CXCR3 gene signature was the highest in the combination group, possibly explaining the enhanced tumor infiltration by T cells. CONCLUSIONS The increased antitumor activity and upregulated CXCR3 gene signature induced by the combination of anti-PD-L1 antibody with HS201-PDT warrants the clinical testing of HS201-PDT combined with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in patients with breast cancer, and the use of the CXCR3 gene signature as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Kaneko
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Chaitanya R Acharya
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hiroshi Nagata
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Amy Hobeika
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Philip F Hughes
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Timothy A J Haystead
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michael A Morse
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Herbert Kim Lyerly
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Takuya Osada
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Hwang BJ, Tsao LC, Acharya C, Trotter T, Agarwal P, Wang T, Wei J, Yang XY, Lei GJ, Osada T, Lyerly HK, Morse MA, Hartman Z. Abstract 3531: Sensitizing immune unresponsive colorectal cancers to immune checkpoint inhibitors through MAVS overexpression. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-3531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The majority of colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) are insensitive to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) antibodies. While there are many causes for ICI insensitivity, recent studies suggest that the suppression of innate immunity through a loss of innate immune adaptor expression could be a root cause of this insensitivity and an important factor in the evolution of tumor immunosuppression.
Methods: We interrogated mitochondrial antiviral signaling gene (MAVS) expression through bioinformatics analyses of multiple datasets to validate its suppression in clinical samples. We then engineered MAVS expressing tumor cells and tested its ability to elicit innate and adaptive anti-tumor immunity using both in vitro and in vivo approaches, which we then confirmed using MAVS expressing viral vectors. Finally, we observed that MAVS stimulated PD-L1expression in different types of tumor cells and then assessed the combination of PD-L1 ICI antibodies with MAVS tumor expression in vivo.
Results: MAVS was significantly downregulated in CRCs, but its re-expression could stimulate broad cellular interferon-related responses, in both murine and patient-derived CRCs. In vivo, local MAVS expression elicited significant anti-tumor responses in both immune-sensitive and insensitive CRC models, through the stimulation of an interferon responsive axis that elicited tumor antigen-specific adaptive immunity. Critically, we found that tumor-intrinsic MAVS expression triggered systemic adaptive immune responses that enabled abscopal CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity against distant CRCs. As MAVS also induced PD-L1 expression, we further found synergistic anti-tumor responses in combination with anti-PD-L1 ICIs.
Conclusion: These data demonstrate that intratumoral MAVS expression results in local and systemic tumor antigen-specific T cell responses, which could be combined with PD-L1 ICI to permit effective anti-tumor immunotherapy in ICI resistant cancers. We are further exploring to overcome the ICI insensitivity of other types of solid tumor, with MAVS-delivery strategies other than viral vectors.
Citation Format: Bin-Jin Hwang, Li-Chung Tsao, Chaitanya Acharya, Timothy Trotter, Pankaj Agarwal, Tao Wang, Junping Wei, Xiao-Yi Yang, Gang-jun Lei, Takuya Osada, Herbert Kim Lyerly, Michael A. Morse, Zachary Hartman. Sensitizing immune unresponsive colorectal cancers to immune checkpoint inhibitors through MAVS overexpression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3531.
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Hwang BJ, Tsao LC, Acharya CR, Trotter T, Agarwal P, Wei J, Wang T, Yang XY, Lei G, Osada T, Lyerly HK, Morse MA, Hartman ZC. Sensitizing immune unresponsive colorectal cancers to immune checkpoint inhibitors through MAVS overexpression. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-003721. [PMID: 35361727 PMCID: PMC8971789 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The majority of colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) are insensitive to programmed death protein-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (anti-PD-1/PD-L1) immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) antibodies. While there are many causes for ICI insensitivity, recent studies suggest that suppression of innate immune gene expression in tumor cells could be a root cause of this insensitivity and an important factor in the evolution of tumor immunosuppression. Methods We first assessed the reduction of mitochondrial antiviral signaling gene (MAVS) and related RIG-I pathway gene expression in several patient RNA expression datasets. We then engineered MAVS expressing tumor cells and tested their ability to elicit innate and adaptive anti-tumor immunity using both in vitro and in vivo approaches, which we then confirmed using MAVS expressing viral vectors. Finally, we observed that MAVS stimulated PD-L1 expression in multiple cell types and then assessed the combination of PD-L1 ICI antibodies with MAVS tumor expression in vivo. Results MAVS was significantly downregulated in CRCs, but its re-expression could stimulate broad cellular interferon-related responses, in both murine and patient-derived CRCs. In vivo, local MAVS expression elicited significant anti-tumor responses in both immune-sensitive and insensitive CRC models, through the stimulation of an interferon responsive axis that provoked tumor antigen-specific adaptive immunity. Critically, we found that tumor-intrinsic MAVS expression triggered systemic adaptive immune responses that enabled abscopal CD8 +T cell cytotoxicity against distant CRCs. As MAVS also induced PD-L1 expression, we further found synergistic anti-tumor responses in combination with anti-PD-L1 ICIs. Conclusion These data demonstrate that intratumoral MAVS expression results in local and systemic tumor antigen-specific T cell responses, which could be combined with PD-L1 ICI to permit effective anti-tumor immunotherapy in ICI resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Jin Hwang
- Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Li-Chung Tsao
- Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | | | - Junping Wei
- Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xiao-Yi Yang
- Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gangjun Lei
- Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Takuya Osada
- Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Herbert Kim Lyerly
- Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Immunology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michael A Morse
- Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Zachary Conrad Hartman
- Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA .,Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Ichimura T, Osada T, Yonekura K, Horiuchi H. A new method for producing superior set yogurt, focusing on heat treatment and homogenization. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:2978-2987. [PMID: 35086716 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Extended shelf life (ESL) processing (i.e., heat treatment at 130°C for 2 s) is usually not used for producing set yogurt because of the fragility of the curd structure. We investigated the effects of homogenization conducted at higher pressure than the conventional conditions (10 MPa for the first stage and 5 MPa for the second stage) on the curd structure of set yogurt, with a focus on the fat globule size. Each yogurt mix was adjusted at the range of fat globule sizes from 0.45 μm to 1.1 μm by a homogenizer and then heated at 95°C for 5 min (conventional heat treatment), 120°C for 2 s, ESL processing, or 140°C for 2 s. The yogurt mixes were fermented by a common yogurt starter, and the curd texture of the obtained yogurts was evaluated. We observed that the curd hardness and curd firmness of the yogurt were each negatively correlated with the fat globule size regardless of the heat-treatment temperature. Compared with the curd obtained with conventional heat treatment, the ESL-processed curd was extremely fragile, but significantly smooth. With ESL processing, a curd hardness >40 g, which is a sufficient strength for commercial transport systems, was obtained by making the fat particle size <0.6 µm, using 2-stage homogenization pressure: 35 MPa for the first stage and 5 MPa for the second stage. A microscopy analysis indicated that the smaller fat globules reinforce the network structure. The yogurt made by ESL processing and that created with 35 + 5 MPa homogenization had significant sensory evaluation scores. Our results indicate that the combination of ESL processing and 35 + 5 MPa homogenization is a novel and useful method for manufacturing set yogurt.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ichimura
- Food Science and Technology Research Laboratories R&D Division, Meiji Co., Ltd., 1-29-1 Nanakuni, Hachiouji, Tokyo 192-0919, Japan.
| | - T Osada
- Food Science and Technology Research Laboratories R&D Division, Meiji Co., Ltd., 1-29-1 Nanakuni, Hachiouji, Tokyo 192-0919, Japan
| | - K Yonekura
- Food Quality and Safety Research Laboratories R&D Division, Meiji Co., Ltd., 1-29-1 Nanakuni, Hachiouji, Tokyo 192-0919, Japan
| | - H Horiuchi
- Food Science and Technology Research Laboratories R&D Division, Meiji Co., Ltd., 1-29-1 Nanakuni, Hachiouji, Tokyo 192-0919, Japan
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Abe S, Nagata H, Crosby EJ, Inoue Y, Kaneko K, Liu CX, Yang X, Wang T, Acharya CR, Agarwal P, Snyder J, Gwin W, Morse MA, Zhong P, Lyerly HK, Osada T. Combination of ultrasound-based mechanical disruption of tumor with immune checkpoint blockade modifies tumor microenvironment and augments systemic antitumor immunity. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-003717. [PMID: 35039461 PMCID: PMC8765068 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite multimodal adjuvant management with radiotherapy, chemotherapy and hormonal therapies, most surgically resected primary breast cancers relapse or metastasize. A potential solution to late and distant recurrence is to augment systemic antitumor immunity, in part by appropriately presenting tumor antigens, but also by modulating the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). We previously validated this concept in models of murine carcinoma treated with a novel predominately microcavitating version of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), mechanical high-intensity focused ultrasound (M-HIFU). Here we elucidated the mechanisms of enhanced antitumor immunity by M-HIFU over conventional thermal high-intensity focused ultrasound (T-HIFU) and investigated the potential of the combinatorial strategy with an immune checkpoint inhibitor, anti-PD-L1 antibody. Methods The antitumor efficacy of treatments was investigated in syngeneic murine breast cancer models using triple-negative (E0771) or human ErbB-2 (HER2) expressing (MM3MG-HER2) tumors in C57BL/6 or BALB/c mice, respectively. Induction of systemic antitumor immunity by the treatments was tested using bilateral tumor implantation models. Flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and single-cell RNA sequencing were performed to elucidate detailed effects of HIFU treatments or combination treatment on TME, including the activation status of CD8 T cells and polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Results More potent systemic antitumor immunity and tumor growth suppression were induced by M-HIFU compared with T-HIFU. Molecular characterization of the TME after M-HIFU by single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrated repolarization of TAM to the immunostimulatory M1 subtype compared with TME post-T-HIFU. Concurrent anti-PD-L1 antibody administration or depletion of CD4+ T cells containing a population of regulatory T cells markedly increased T cell-mediated antitumor immunity and tumor growth suppression at distant, untreated tumor sites in M-HIFU treated mice compared with M-HIFU monotherapy. CD8 T and natural killer cells played major roles as effector cells in the combination treatment. Conclusions Physical disruption of the TME by M-HIFU repolarizes TAM, enhances T-cell infiltration, and, when combined with anti-PD-L1 antibody, mediates superior systemic antitumor immune responses and distant tumor growth suppression. These findings suggest M-HIFU combined with anti-PD-L1 may be useful in reducing late recurrence or metastasis when applied to primary tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Abe
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagata
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Erika J Crosby
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yoshiyuki Inoue
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kensuke Kaneko
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Cong-Xiao Liu
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Chaitanya R Acharya
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Pankaj Agarwal
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joshua Snyder
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - William Gwin
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael A Morse
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Pei Zhong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Herbert Kim Lyerly
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Takuya Osada
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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10
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Osada T, Crosby EJ, Kaneko K, Snyder JC, Ginzel JD, Acharya CR, Yang XY, Polascik TJ, Spasojevic I, Nelson RC, Hobeika A, Hartman ZC, Neckers LM, Rogatko A, Hughes PF, Huang J, Morse MA, Haystead T, Lyerly HK. HSP90-specific nIR probe identifies aggressive prostate cancers: translation from preclinical models to a human phase I study. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 21:217-226. [PMID: 34675120 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A noninvasive test to discriminate indolent prostate cancers from lethal ones would focus treatment where necessary while reducing over-treatment. We exploited the known activity of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) as a chaperone critical for the function of numerous oncogenic drivers, including the androgen receptor and its variants, to detect aggressive prostate cancer. We linked a near infrared fluorescing molecule to an HSP90 binding drug and demonstrated that this probe (designated HS196) was highly sensitive and specific for detecting implanted prostate cancer cell lines with greater uptake by more aggressive subtypes. In a phase I human study, systemically administered HS196 could be detected in malignant nodules within prostatectomy specimens. Single-cell RNA sequencing identified uptake of HS196 by malignant prostate epithelium from the peripheral zone (AMACR+ERG+EPCAM+ cells), including SYP+ neuroendocrine cells that are associated with therapeutic resistance and metastatic progression. A theranostic version of this molecule is under clinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Osada
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Erika J Crosby
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Kensuke Kaneko
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Joshua C Snyder
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Joshua D Ginzel
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Chaitanya R Acharya
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Xiao-Yi Yang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Thomas J Polascik
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ivan Spasojevic
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics Core Laboratory of Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Rendon C Nelson
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Amy Hobeika
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Zachary C Hartman
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Andre Rogatko
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Philip F Hughes
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jiaoti Huang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Michael A Morse
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Timothy Haystead
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - H Kim Lyerly
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
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11
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Nagata H, Osada T, Crosby EJ, Canton DA, Twitty CG, Lyerly HK. Abstract 1557: Intratumoral plasmid IL-12 enhanced the systemic anti-tumor effect of anti-PD-1 antibody in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2021-1557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive disease with limited therapeutic options. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have entered the therapeutic landscape in TNBC, their benefits are limited to a minority of patients. We hypothesized the combination of ICI with the intratumoral administration of plasmid IL-12 (tavokinogene telseplasmid; TAVOTM) followed by electroporation could enhance the therapeutic efficacy based on our previous observation of the anti-tumor effect of TAVO in TNBC. The purpose of this study was to clarify the potency of TAVO as an additive local treatment to systemic anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.
Methods: A murine TNBC cell line, E0771, was implanted bilaterally into flanks of female C57BL/6 mice, which were randomized into four groups: control (control plasmid + control antibody), anti-PD-1 (control plasmid + anti-PD-1), Tavo (Tavo + control antibody), and combination (TAVO + anti-PD-1). TAVO or control plasmid (50 µg/injection) was administered into a single tumor followed by electroporation on days 0, 3, and 7, as we previously reported (SITC abstract), while tumors on the other side were left untreated. Anti-PD-1 or control antibody (200 µg/injection) was administered by intraperitoneal injection on days 2, 6, 9, and 13. Tumor volume was measured every other day, and the survival of mice was monitored. The local microenvironment of both treated and untreated tumors and systemic effect on splenocytes were evaluated using flow cytometry and single-cell RNA-sequencing.
Results: The combination of intratumoral administration of TAVO with anti-PD-1 suppressed the tumor growth more effectively compared to the other groups not only in treated local tumors but also in untreated remote tumors. Higher rates of tumor regression and better survival were observed in the combination group. TAVO locally increased effector CD8+ T cells while reducing regulatory T cells in both treated tumors and distant untreated tumors. The systemic expansion of effector CD8+ T cells was also observed in splenocytes.
Conclusions: Intratumoral electroporation of TAVO with anti-PD-1 improved systemic anti-tumor efficacy by modifying the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Clinical studies of this combination treatment in TNBC are underway.
Citation Format: Hiroshi Nagata, Takuya Osada, Erika J. Crosby, David A. Canton, Chris G. Twitty, H. Kim Lyerly. Intratumoral plasmid IL-12 enhanced the systemic anti-tumor effect of anti-PD-1 antibody in triple-negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 1557.
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12
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Telli ML, Nagata H, Wapnir I, Acharya CR, Zablotsky K, Fox BA, Bifulco CB, Jensen SM, Ballesteros-Merino C, Le MH, Pierce RH, Browning E, Hermiz R, Svenson L, Bannavong D, Jaffe K, Sell J, Foerter KM, Canton DA, Twitty CG, Osada T, Lyerly HK, Crosby EJ. Intratumoral Plasmid IL12 Expands CD8 + T Cells and Induces a CXCR3 Gene Signature in Triple-negative Breast Tumors that Sensitizes Patients to Anti-PD-1 Therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:2481-2493. [PMID: 33593880 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-3944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive disease with limited therapeutic options. Antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) have entered the therapeutic landscape in TNBC, but only a minority of patients benefit. A way to reliably enhance immunogenicity, T-cell infiltration, and predict responsiveness is critically needed. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using mouse models of TNBC, we evaluate immune activation and tumor targeting of intratumoral IL12 plasmid followed by electroporation (tavokinogene telseplasmid; Tavo). We further present a single-arm, prospective clinical trial of Tavo monotherapy in patients with treatment refractory, advanced TNBC (OMS-I140). Finally, we expand these findings using publicly available breast cancer and melanoma datasets. RESULTS Single-cell RNA sequencing of murine tumors identified a CXCR3 gene signature (CXCR3-GS) following Tavo treatment associated with enhanced antigen presentation, T-cell infiltration and expansion, and PD-1/PD-L1 expression. Assessment of pretreatment and posttreatment tissue from patients confirms enrichment of this CXCR3-GS in tumors from patients that exhibited an enhancement of CD8+ T-cell infiltration following treatment. One patient, previously unresponsive to anti-PD-L1 therapy, but who exhibited an increased CXCR3-GS after Tavo treatment, went on to receive additional anti-PD-1 therapy as their immediate next treatment after OMS-I140, and demonstrated a significant clinical response. CONCLUSIONS These data show a safe, effective intratumoral therapy that can enhance antigen presentation and recruit CD8 T cells, which are required for the antitumor efficacy. We identify a Tavo treatment-related gene signature associated with improved outcomes and conversion of nonresponsive tumors, potentially even beyond TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda L Telli
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
| | - Hiroshi Nagata
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Irene Wapnir
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | | | - Kaitlin Zablotsky
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Bernard A Fox
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon
| | - Carlo B Bifulco
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon
| | - Shawn M Jensen
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon
| | | | - Mai Hope Le
- OncoSec Medical Incorporated, San Diego, California
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kim Jaffe
- OncoSec Medical Incorporated, San Diego, California
| | - Jendy Sell
- OncoSec Medical Incorporated, San Diego, California
| | | | | | | | - Takuya Osada
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - H Kim Lyerly
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Erika J Crosby
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
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13
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Crosby EJ, Nagata H, Telli ML, Acharya CR, Wapnir I, Zablotsky K, Browning E, Hermiz R, Svenson L, Bannavong D, Malloy K, Canton DA, Twitty CG, Osada T, Lyerly HK. Abstract PS17-22: Intratumoral delivery of tavokinogene telseplasmid (plasmid IL-12) and electroporation induces an immune signature that predicts successful combination in patients. Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs20-ps17-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the generation of an inflammatory tumor microenvironment and is critical in eliciting a productive anti-tumor immune response. It has been investigated as an anti-cancer therapeutic using various delivery routes, but intratumoral injection of plasmid IL-12 (tavokinogene telseplasmid; TAVO) followed by electroporation is a gene therapy approach that results in more sustained production of IL-12 locally with minimal systemic immune-related toxicity. Here we show that TAVO not only provides protection in the treated triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lesion, but also induces a systemic, abscopal effect. Single cell RNAsequencing (scRNAseq) of infiltrating immune cells shows a significant increase in both CD4 and CD8 T cells as well as dendritic cells within the treated lesions, while simultaneously decreasing a granulocytic myeloid derived suppressor population. scRNAseq allows for a detailed look into not only the overall pathway enrichment caused by TAVO treatment, but also the specific receptor-ligand interactions occurring between cell types. A combination of these analyses revealed an enrichment in the IFN-gamma induced PDL1 pathway by TAVO, typified by an increase in the interaction between PDL1 on dendritic cells and PD1 on CD8 T cells. Further, dramatic enrichment of the CXCL9/10/11/CXCR3 axis was observed, consistent with previous studies in melanoma. Analysis of paired TCR alpha and beta chains on T cells additionally demonstrated a dramatic shift in tumor infiltrating T cell (TIL) clonality and frequency. In sum, these preclinical studies identify a signature of increased antigen presentation, T cell infiltration and expansion, and a decrease in the number of granulocytes but also a particular enhancement of the PDL1 immunosuppressive pathway following TAVO treatment. Using this signature, we focus on an in-depth analysis of 2 patients from a single arm, prospective clinical trial of TAVO monotherapy (OMS-I140) in pre-treated advanced TNBC that went on to receive anti-PD-1 as their immediate next therapy with clinical anti-tumor response. Together these data support the combination of TAVO with PD1/PDL1 inhibitors while also identifying other key pathways that may enhance responsiveness in TNBC patients for whom treatment options remain limited.
Citation Format: Erika J Crosby, Hiroshi Nagata, Melinda L Telli, Chaitanya R Acharya, Irene Wapnir, Kaitlin Zablotsky, Erica Browning, Reneta Hermiz, Lauren Svenson, Donna Bannavong, Kellie Malloy, David A Canton, Chris G Twitty, Takuya Osada, Herbert Kim Lyerly. Intratumoral delivery of tavokinogene telseplasmid (plasmid IL-12) and electroporation induces an immune signature that predicts successful combination in patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Virtual Symposium; 2020 Dec 8-11; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PS17-22.
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14
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Wang J, Osada T, Morse MA, Calzone F, Yan H, Thai D, Lyerly HK. Targeting the glucagon receptor signaling pathway as a novel strategy to counteract PI3K inhibitor induced hyperglycemia while sustaining tumor PI3K inhibition. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 62:1761-1764. [PMID: 33576297 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1881504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Takuya Osada
- Department of Surgery, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael A Morse
- Department of Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Hai Yan
- REMD Biotherapeutics, Camarillo, CA, USA
| | - Dung Thai
- REMD Biotherapeutics, Camarillo, CA, USA
| | - H Kim Lyerly
- Department of Surgery, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
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15
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Osada T. Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by herbal medicines. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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16
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Crosby EJ, Hobeika AC, Niedzwiecki D, Rushing C, Hsu D, Berglund P, Smith J, Osada T, Gwin Iii WR, Hartman ZC, Morse MA, Lyerly HK. Long-term survival of patients with stage III colon cancer treated with VRP-CEA(6D), an alphavirus vector that increases the CD8+ effector memory T cell to Treg ratio. J Immunother Cancer 2020; 8:jitc-2020-001662. [PMID: 33177177 PMCID: PMC7661359 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There remains a significant need to eliminate the risk of recurrence of resected cancers. Cancer vaccines are well tolerated and activate tumor-specific immune effectors and lead to long-term survival in some patients. We hypothesized that vaccination with alphaviral replicon particles encoding tumor associated antigens would generate clinically significant antitumor immunity to enable prolonged overall survival (OS) in patients with both metastatic and resected cancer. METHODS OS was monitored for patients with stage IV cancer treated in a phase I study of virus-like replicon particle (VRP)-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), an alphaviral replicon particle encoding a modified CEA. An expansion cohort of patients (n=12) with resected stage III colorectal cancer who had completed their standard postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was administered VRP-CEA every 3 weeks for a total of 4 immunizations. OS and relapse-free survival (RFS) were determined, as well as preimmunization and postimmunization cellular and humoral immunity. RESULTS Among the patients with stage IV cancer, median follow-up was 10.9 years and 5-year survival was 17%, (95% CI 6% to 33%). Among the patients with stage III cancer, the 5-year RFS was 75%, (95%CI 40% to 91%); no deaths were observed. At a median follow-up of 5.8 years (range: 3.9-7.0 years) all patients were still alive. All patients demonstrated CEA-specific humoral immunity. Patients with stage III cancer had an increase in CD8 +TEM (in 10/12) and decrease in FOXP3 +Tregs (in 10/12) following vaccination. Further, CEA-specific, IFNγ-producing CD8+granzyme B+TCM cells were increased. CONCLUSIONS VRP-CEA induces antigen-specific effector T cells while decreasing Tregs, suggesting favorable immune modulation. Long-term survivors were identified in both cohorts, suggesting the OS may be prolonged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika J Crosby
- Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amy C Hobeika
- Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Donna Niedzwiecki
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Biostatistics, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christel Rushing
- Biostatistics, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - David Hsu
- Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | - Takuya Osada
- Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Zachary C Hartman
- Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michael A Morse
- Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Herbert Kim Lyerly
- Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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17
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Estarellas MP, Osada T, Bastidas VM, Renoust B, Sanaka K, Munro WJ, Nemoto K. Simulating complex quantum networks with time crystals. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaay8892. [PMID: 33067242 PMCID: PMC7567590 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay8892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Crystals arise as the result of the breaking of a spatial translation symmetry. Similarly, translation symmetries can also be broken in time so that discrete time crystals appear. Here, we introduce a method to describe, characterize, and explore the physical phenomena related to this phase of matter using tools from graph theory. The analysis of the graphs allows to visualizing time-crystalline order and to analyze features of the quantum system. For example, we explore in detail the melting process of a minimal model of a period-2 discrete time crystal and describe it in terms of the evolution of the associated graph structure. We show that during the melting process, the network evolution exhibits an emergent preferential attachment mechanism, directly associated with the existence of scale-free networks. Thus, our strategy allows us to propose a previously unexplored far-reaching application of time crystals as a quantum simulator of complex quantum networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Estarellas
- National Institute of Informatics, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan.
| | - T Osada
- National Institute of Informatics, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan
- Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - V M Bastidas
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories & Research Center for Theoretical Quantum Physics, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi 243-0198, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - B Renoust
- National Institute of Informatics, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan
- Osaka University Institute for Datability Science, 2-8 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
- Japanese-French Laboratory for Informatics, CNRS UMI 3527, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan
| | - K Sanaka
- Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - W J Munro
- National Institute of Informatics, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories & Research Center for Theoretical Quantum Physics, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi 243-0198, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - K Nemoto
- National Institute of Informatics, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan
- Japanese-French Laboratory for Informatics, CNRS UMI 3527, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan
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18
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Kaneko K, Osada T, Morse MA, Gwin WR, Ginzel JD, Snyder JC, Yang XY, Liu CX, Diniz MA, Bodoor K, Hughes PF, Haystead TA, Lyerly HK. Heat shock protein 90-targeted photodynamic therapy enables treatment of subcutaneous and visceral tumors. Commun Biol 2020; 3:226. [PMID: 32385408 PMCID: PMC7210113 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0956-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) ablates malignancies by applying focused near-infrared (nIR) light onto a lesion of interest after systemic administration of a photosensitizer (PS); however, the accumulation of existing PS is not tumor-exclusive. We developed a tumor-localizing strategy for PDT, exploiting the high expression of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) in cancer cells to retain high concentrations of PS by tethering a small molecule Hsp90 inhibitor to a PS (verteporfin, VP) to create an Hsp90-targeted PS (HS201). HS201 accumulates to a greater extent than VP in breast cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo, resulting in increased treatment efficacy of HS201-PDT in various human breast cancer xenografts regardless of molecular and clinical subtypes. The therapeutic index achieved with Hsp90-targeted PDT would permit treatment not only of localized tumors, but also more diffusely infiltrating processes such as inflammatory breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Kaneko
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Takuya Osada
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Michael A Morse
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - William R Gwin
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Joshua D Ginzel
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Joshua C Snyder
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Xiao-Yi Yang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Cong-Xiao Liu
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Márcio A Diniz
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Khaldon Bodoor
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Philip F Hughes
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Timothy Aj Haystead
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
| | - H Kim Lyerly
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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Abe S, Osada T, Kaneko K, Zhong P, Lyerly HK. Abstract 4071: A novel combination therapy of high intensity focused ultrasound and PDL1 blockades against advanced breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-4071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have reported that tumor debris and inflammation made by high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) therapy induced the antitumor immune response, however, HIFU as a monotherapy is still not potent enough to eradicate tumors and treat distant metastasis. We have reported that mechanical HIFU (M-HIFU), that will mechanically destroy tumor cells/tissues through acoustic cavitation, induced stronger antitumor immune response compared to conventional thermal HIFU (T-HIFU) that will cause thermal ablation of tumors. In the present study, we established an immune based combination therapy of M-HIFU and immune checkpoint blockade to enhance systemic antitumor immune response and treated distant/metastatic tumors in murine breast cancer models.
Methods and Results: HER2 oncogene-dependent murine breast cancer cell line, MM3MG-HER2, was established in our lab. In mice with bilateral implantation of MM3MG-HER2 tumors, M-HIFU monotherapy induced stronger HER2-specific cellular response and inhibited the growth of HIFU-untreated distant tumors as well as HIFU treated-tumors, more potently than T-HIFU. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemical analysis of tumor microenvironment revealed significantly stronger accumulation of activated T cell and NK cells in M-HIFU-treated tumors. On the other hand, M-HIFU induced stronger expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) on various immune cells in both sides of tumors than T-HIFU therapy or no treatment control. Based on these findings, we investigated the combination therapy of M-HIFU and PD-1/PD-L1 axis blockades, and found significantly enhanced tumor-specific cellular immune response compared to each monotherapy, which resulted in improved therapeutic effect against distant tumors as well as HIFU treated-tumors. Furthermore, immune cell depletion studies demonstrated that both CD8+ T cells and NK cells played an essential role for the antitumor efficacy in this combinatory therapy against both HIFU-treated tumors and untreated distant tumors.
Conclusion: this study provides strong rational evidence that M-HIFU combined with PD-1/PD-L1 axis blockades could be a promising treatment strategy against advanced breast cancer with metastatic lesion.
Citation Format: Shinya Abe, Takuya Osada, Kensuke Kaneko, Pei Zhong, Herbert K. Lyerly. A novel combination therapy of high intensity focused ultrasound and PDL1 blockades against advanced breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4071.
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Sun Y, Wang S, Yang H, Wu J, Li S, Qiao G, Wang S, Wang X, Zhou X, Osada T, Hobeika A, Morse MA, Ren J, Lyerly HK. Impact of synchronized anti-PD-1 with Ad-CEA vaccination on inhibition of colon cancer growth. Immunotherapy 2019; 11:953-966. [PMID: 31192764 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2019-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine whether addition of anti-PD-1 antibody increased the immunogenicity and anti-tumor activity of Ad-CEA vaccination in a murine model of colon cancer. Methods: Ad-CEA was administered prior to implantation of MC-38-CEA cells followed by administration of anti-PD-1 antibody. CEA-specific T-cell responses were measured by flow cytometry and ELISPOT. Dynamic co-culture of splenocytes with tumor cells was conducted to analyze anti-tumor activities. Tumor infiltration by lymphocytes was measured by IHC. Tumor volume and overall survival were also recorded. Results: Ad-CEA combined with anti-PD-1 antibody showed greater anti-tumor activity compared with either alone. The combination also increased T-cell infiltration but decreased Tregs. Conclusion: Combining Ad-CEA vaccination with anti-PD-1 antibody enhanced anti-tumor activity and immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Suya Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Hainan Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Jiangping Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Sha Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Guoliang Qiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Xinna Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Takuya Osada
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Amy Hobeika
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Michael A Morse
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.,Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Herbert Kim Lyerly
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Crosby EJ, Gwin W, Blackwell K, Marcom PK, Chang S, Maecker HT, Broadwater G, Hyslop T, Kim S, Rogatko A, Lubkov V, Snyder JC, Osada T, Hobeika AC, Morse MA, Lyerly HK, Hartman ZC. Vaccine-Induced Memory CD8 + T Cells Provide Clinical Benefit in HER2 Expressing Breast Cancer: A Mouse to Human Translational Study. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:2725-2736. [PMID: 30635338 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-3102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Immune-based therapy for metastatic breast cancer has had limited success, particularly in molecular subtypes with low somatic mutations rates. Strategies to augment T-cell infiltration of tumors include vaccines targeting established oncogenic drivers such as the genomic amplification of HER2. We constructed a vaccine based on a novel alphaviral vector encoding a portion of HER2 (VRP-HER2). PATIENTS AND METHODS In preclinical studies, mice were immunized with VRP-HER2 before or after implantation of hHER2+ tumor cells and HER2-specific immune responses and antitumor function were evaluated. We tested VRP-HER2 in a phase I clinical trial where subjects with advanced HER2-overexpressing malignancies in cohort 1 received VRP-HER2 every 2 weeks for a total of 3 doses. In cohort 2, subjects received the same schedule concurrently with a HER2-targeted therapy. RESULTS Vaccination in preclinical models with VRP-HER2 induced HER2-specific T cells and antibodies while inhibiting tumor growth. VRP-HER2 was well tolerated in patients and vaccination induced HER2-specific T cells and antibodies. Although a phase I study, there was 1 partial response and 2 patients with continued stable disease. Median OS was 50.2 months in cohort 1 (n = 4) and 32.7 months in cohort 2 (n = 18). Perforin expression by memory CD8 T cells post-vaccination significantly correlated with improved PFS. CONCLUSIONS VRP-HER2 increased HER2-specific memory CD8 T cells and had antitumor effects in preclinical and clinical studies. The expansion of HER2-specific memory CD8 T cells in vaccinated patients was significantly correlated with increased PFS. Subsequent studies will seek to enhance T-cell activity by combining with anti-PD-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika J Crosby
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - William Gwin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kimberly Blackwell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Paul K Marcom
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Serena Chang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Holden T Maecker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Gloria Broadwater
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Terry Hyslop
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Sungjin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Andre Rogatko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Veronica Lubkov
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Joshua C Snyder
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Takuya Osada
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Amy C Hobeika
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Michael A Morse
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - H Kim Lyerly
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
| | - Zachary C Hartman
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
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Takahashi M, Ishikawa D, Sasaki T, Lu YJ, Kuwahara-Arai K, Kamei M, Shibuya T, Osada T, Hiramatsu K, Nagahara A. Faecal freezing preservation period influences colonization ability for faecal microbiota transplantation. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 126:973-984. [PMID: 30489686 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS There has been growing interest in faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as treatment. Although, frozen donor faeces preserved at -20°C has been widely used for practical advantages, freezing at -20°C can affect bacterial viability. Adequacy evaluation of fresh and frozen faeces as the transplant is necessary for the methodological improvement of FMT. METHODS AND RESULTS The viable bacterial compositions of faecal specimens under fresh and freezing conditions were compared by a microbiome analysis using propidium monoazide (PMA microbiome). In addition, recovery abilities from bacterial reduction by antibiotics were compared between fresh and frozen FMT using a murine model. PMA microbiome results suggested that freezing and freeze-thawing did not significantly affect in vitro faecal bacterial viability. However, the recovery effect from antimicrobial cleansing in frozen FMT was reduced in a freezing time-dependent manner, especially prominent in Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes phyla. CONCLUSIONS Short-term freezing preservation of faeces exhibited maintenance of enteric colonization ability in frozen FMT in comparison to 1 month -20°C-preservation. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Long-term -20°C-preservation of transplanted faeces can result in instability of the clinical outcome in FMT therapy. The standardization of practical procedures of FMT therapy according to disease types is desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - D Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Sasaki
- Animal Research Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan.,Center of Excellence for Infection Control Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y J Lu
- Center of Excellence for Infection Control Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Kuwahara-Arai
- Department of Microbiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Kamei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Shibuya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Osada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu-city, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Hiramatsu
- Center of Excellence for Infection Control Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Nagahara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Lyerly HK, Osada T, Hartman ZC. Right Time and Place for IL12: Targeted Delivery Stimulates Immune Therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 25:9-11. [PMID: 30377197 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-2819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Systemic IL12 therapy has potent antitumor effects, but clinical delivery of this potent cytokine has been complicated by systemic toxicity. A novel strategy to deliver IL12 to the tumor microenvironment appears promising in a first-in-human study, appearing to stimulate tumor-specific adaptive immune responses with minimal systemic toxicity.See related article by Strauss et al., p. 99.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kim Lyerly
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. .,Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Takuya Osada
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Zachary C Hartman
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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Nakata K, Hanai T, Take Y, Osada T, Tsuchiya T, Shima D, Fujimoto Y. Disease-modifying effects of COX-2 selective inhibitors and non-selective NSAIDs in osteoarthritis: a systematic review. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2018; 26:1263-1273. [PMID: 29890262 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a potentially disabling disease whose progression is dependent on several risk factors. OA management usually involves the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that are the primary pharmacological treatments of choice. However, NSAIDs have often been associated with unwanted side effects. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 specific inhibitors, such as celecoxib, have been successfully used as an alternative in the past for OA treatment and have demonstrated fewer side effects. While abundant data are available for the clinical efficacy of drugs used for OA treatment, little is known about the disease-modifying effects of these agents. A previous review published by Zweers et al. (2010) assessed the available literature between 1990 and 2010 on the disease-modifying effects of celecoxib. In the present review, we aimed to update the existing evidence and identify evolving concepts relating to the disease-modifying effects of not just celecoxib, but also other NSAIDs. We conducted a review of the literature published from 2010 to 2016 dealing with the effects, especially disease-modifying effects, of NSAIDs on cartilage, synovium, and bone in OA patients. Our results show that celecoxib was the most commonly used drug in papers that presented data on disease-modifying effects of NSAIDs. Further, these effects appeared to be mediated through the regulation of prostaglandins, cytokines, and direct changes to tissues. Additional studies should be carried out to assess the disease-modifying properties of NSAIDs in greater detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nakata
- Medicine for Sports and Performing Arts, Department of Health and Sports Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan.
| | - T Hanai
- Medicine for Sports and Performing Arts, Department of Health and Sports Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Y Take
- Medicine for Sports and Performing Arts, Department of Health and Sports Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - T Osada
- Pfizer Japan Inc., Shinjuku Bunka Quint Bldg. 3-22-7, Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-8589 Japan
| | - T Tsuchiya
- Pfizer Japan Inc., Shinjuku Bunka Quint Bldg. 3-22-7, Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-8589 Japan
| | - D Shima
- Pfizer Japan Inc., Shinjuku Bunka Quint Bldg. 3-22-7, Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-8589 Japan
| | - Y Fujimoto
- Pfizer Japan Inc., Shinjuku Bunka Quint Bldg. 3-22-7, Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-8589 Japan
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Osada T, Hartman ZC, Wei J, Lei G, Hobeika AC, Gwin WR, Diniz MA, Spector N, Clay TM, Chen W, Morse MA, Lyerly HK. Polyfunctional anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (anti-HER3) antibodies induced by HER3 vaccines have multiple mechanisms of antitumor activity against therapy resistant and triple negative breast cancers. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:90. [PMID: 30092835 PMCID: PMC6085609 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-1023-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upregulation of human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) is a major mechanism of acquired resistance to therapies targeting its heterodimerization partners epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), but also exposes HER3 as a target for immune attack. We generated an adenovirus encoding full length human HER3 (Ad-HER3) to serve as a cancer vaccine. Previously we reported the anti-tumor efficacy and function of the T cell response to this vaccine. We now provide a detailed assessment of the antitumor efficacy and functional mechanisms of the HER3 vaccine-induced antibodies (HER3-VIAs) in serum from mice immunized with Ad-HER3. METHODS Serum containing HER3-VIA was tested in complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) assays and for its effect on HER3 internalization and degradation, downstream signaling of HER3 heterodimers and growth of metastatic HER2+ (BT474M1), HER2 therapy-resistant (rBT474), and triple negative (MDA-MB-468) breast cancers. RESULTS HER3-VIAs mediated CDC and ADCC, HER3 internalization, interruption of HER3 heterodimer-driven tumor signaling pathways, and anti-proliferative effects against HER2+ tumor cells in vitro and significant antitumor effects against metastatic HER2+ BT474M1, treatment refractory HER2+ rBT474 and triple negative MDA-MB-468 in vivo. CONCLUSIONS In addition to the T cell anti-tumor response induced by Ad-HER3, the HER3-VIAs provide additional functions to eliminate tumors in which HER3 signaling mediates aggressive behavior or acquired resistance to HER2-targeted therapy. These data support clinical studies of vaccination against HER3 prior to or concomitantly with other therapies to prevent outgrowth of therapy-resistant HER2+ and triple negative clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Osada
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, MSRB Research Drive, Box 2714, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Zachary C Hartman
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, MSRB Research Drive, Box 2714, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Junping Wei
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, MSRB Research Drive, Box 2714, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Gangjun Lei
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, MSRB Research Drive, Box 2714, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Amy C Hobeika
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, MSRB Research Drive, Box 2714, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - William R Gwin
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marcio A Diniz
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Neil Spector
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Timothy M Clay
- Cell and Gene Therapy Discovery Research, PTS, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael A Morse
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - H Kim Lyerly
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, MSRB Research Drive, Box 2714, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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Osada T, Kaneko K, Gwin WR, Morse MA, Hobeika A, Pogue BW, Hartman ZC, Hughes PF, Haystead T, Lyerly HK. In Vivo Detection of HSP90 Identifies Breast Cancers with Aggressive Behavior. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:7531-7542. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-1453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Nakayama T, Nagata E, Masuda H, Fujii N, Kohara S, Yuzawa H, Takahari Y, Osada T, Sorimachi T, Matsumae M, Asahara T, Takizawa S. The colony assay of regenerating associated cells may indicate the dysfunction of regeneration associated cells of Moyamoya disease. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mashima K, Osada T, Yoshizaki T, Noguti E, Watanabe Y, Tanikawa M, Oyama M, Suzuki N. Relationship between pareidolia and clinical features in patients with Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.1631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Osada T, Kaneko K, Hartman Z, Hobeika A, Hughes P, Haystead T, Morse M, Lyerly HK. Abstract 1859: Hsp90 targeted near infrared molecular imaging to detect mammografically occult invasive lobular breast cancer. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-1859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Early diagnosis of Invasive lobular carcinomas (ILCs) is clinically challenging due to its histopathologic features making it difficult to detect using mammography. Because of the diffuse infiltration of ILC cells into the surrounding stroma, ILC is also associated with a higher incidence of positive resection margins after breast-conserving surgery. Therefore, there is a significant unmet need for improved imaging for early detection, clinical staging, and possibly intraoperative imaging to assess surgical margins. We propose to detect mammografically occult ILC by the in vivo detecting of malignant signaling pathways activated in ILC. Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) comprises 1-3% of the total cellular protein in most cells and acts as a molecular chaperone for more than 200 reported client proteins. Recently, we developed a series of tethered Hsp90 inhibitors that specifically target a tumor specific form of Hsp90 associated with poor outcomes. Using near infrared (nIR) probe-tethered Hsp90 inhibitors, we demonstrated that Hsp90 is actively re-internalized and can be used to image murine and human breast cancer in vitro and in vivo.
Methods and Results: We tested the imaging efficacy of the nIR-tethered Hsp90 inhibitor, HS196, in ILC models in vitro and in vivo. An inactive structural analog HS199 was used as a control to monitor for non-specific (non-Hsp90 dependent) uptake. Two ILC cell lines, MDA-MB-134 VI and SUM44-PE, and one patient-derived ILC xenograft, HCI-013 EI, were tested. nIR signals of HS196 in vitro and in vivo were detected by Odyssey (LI-COR) and Pearl Trilogy (LI-COR)/SPY ELITE imager (Novadaq), respectively. High uptake of HS196 was observed in vitro by both cell lines (> 1 µM), while the control HS199 resulted in weaker nIR signals in these cells. In vivo imaging efficacy of HS196 was tested using HCI-013 EI xenograft in SCID-beige mice. After injection of 10 nmol compounds via tail vein, quick and stronger accumulation and longer retention of the HS196 in the ILC xenograft was observed, while HS199 showed significantly weaker accumulation and faster clearance (by 24 h after injection). Significant uptake of HS196 by HCI-013 EI tumors was confirmed by ex vivo imaging of tumors 24 h after compound injection. Histological and flow cytometry analysis of HCI-013 EI tumors showed strong nIR signals in tumor cells.
Conclusions: The non-radioactive, nIR imaging strategy, using a novel nIR-Hsp90 inhibitor compound, HS196, was effective in the non-invasive imaging of ILC tumors. This finding suggests that new molecular imaging techniques, not dependent on micro calcifications or architectural distortion, may be a novel strategy to met the need of ILC patients to detect, clinically stage and assess margins during surgical resection. Ongoing pre-clinical models will be employed and first in human testing of this approach in planned.
Citation Format: Takuya Osada, Kensuke Kaneko, Zachary Hartman, Amy Hobeika, Philip Hughes, Timothy Haystead, Michael Morse, H. Kim Lyerly. Hsp90 targeted near infrared molecular imaging to detect mammografically occult invasive lobular breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1859. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-1859
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Kaneko K, Osada T, Haystead TA, Morse MA, Lyerly HK. Abstract 4709: Induction of enhanced tumor-specific immunity by Hsp90 targeted photodynamic therapy (Hsp90-PDT) combined with immune checkpoint inhibition. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-4709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Immunotherapy has become an emerging anti-cancer therapy, as immune checkpoint blockade with PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibition have been active against multiple cancer types. Nonetheless, there remain many non-responders, suggesting that combinations may improve activity, particularly combinations which can target tumors and have low toxicity. Methods & Results: We have developed a novel Hsp90 targeted photodynamic therapy (Hsp90-PDT), which causes local anti-tumor responses. Hsp90-PDT can be combined with immune checkpoint blockade to generate potent anti-tumor effects. We synthesized well characterized PDT agent, verteporfin (VP) tethered to a HSP90 small molecule inhibitor, to create a Hsp90-PDT agent (Hsp90i-VP). We first compared the uptake of VP and Hsp90i-VP into the breast cancer cell lines (E0771-OVA) in vitro. Hsp90i-VP showed stronger incorporation than VP when the compounds were added 3μM or less in concentration. We next performed in vitro and vivo PDT with Hsp90i-VP and laser exposure (690 nm wavelength). Killing efficiency of VP and Hsp90i-VP was analyzed by MTT assay, which showed increased killing in a dose dependent manner for both photosensitizers (0-30µM) and laser (0-120J/cm2). Next, we treated E0771-OVA tumor-bearing C57BL/6 mice with Hsp90i-VP (25nmol/mouse) administration alone, laser irradiation (240J/cm2) alone, or the combination of Hsp90i-VP and laser. Suppression of the tumor growth was confirmed only in Hsp90i-VP and laser group. In addition, induction of tumor-specific immune response by PDT was confirmed by ELISA, where the elevation of anti-OVA antibody was seen only in PDT group. Furthermore, combination treatment of Hsp90-PDT and anti-PD-L1 mAbs was able to enhance cytotoxic T-cell response and suppress tumor growth significantly even with relatively PDT-resistant cell line. Conclusions: Hsp90-PDT showed a significant ability to induce antigen-specific immune response in both in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that Hsp90-PDT can play an important role in anti-cancer immune therapy. Our future plan is to investigate the effect of local photodynamic therapy combined with various types of checkpoint inhibitor in breast cancer models.
Citation Format: Kensuke Kaneko, Takuya Osada, Timothy A. Haystead, Michael A. Morse, Herbert K. Lyerly. Induction of enhanced tumor-specific immunity by Hsp90 targeted photodynamic therapy (Hsp90-PDT) combined with immune checkpoint inhibition [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4709. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-4709
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Crowe LB, Hughes PF, Alcorta DA, Osada T, Smith AP, Totzke J, Loiselle DR, Lutz ID, Gargesha M, Roy D, Roques J, Darr D, Lyerly HK, Spector NL, Haystead TA. A Fluorescent Hsp90 Probe Demonstrates the Unique Association between Extracellular Hsp90 and Malignancy in Vivo. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:1047-1055. [PMID: 28103010 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular expression of heat shock protein 90 (eHsp90) by tumor cells is correlated with malignancy. Development of small molecule probes that can detect eHsp90 in vivo may therefore have utility in the early detection of malignancy. We synthesized a cell impermeable far-red fluorophore-tagged Hsp90 inhibitor to target eHsp90 in vivo. High resolution confocal and lattice light sheet microscopy show that probe-bound eHsp90 accumulates in punctate structures on the plasma membrane of breast tumor cells and is actively internalized. The extent of internalization correlates with tumor cell aggressiveness, and this process can be induced in benign cells by overexpressing p110HER2. Whole body cryoslicing, imaging, and histology of flank and spontaneous tumor-bearing mice strongly suggests that eHsp90 expression and internalization is a phenomenon unique to tumor cells in vivo and may provide an "Achilles heel" for the early diagnosis of metastatic disease and targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren B. Crowe
- Department of Cell
Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Philip F. Hughes
- Department
of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - David A. Alcorta
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Takuya Osada
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Aaron P. Smith
- Department
of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Juliane Totzke
- Department
of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - David R. Loiselle
- Department
of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Isaac D. Lutz
- Department
of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | | | - Debasish Roy
- BioInVision, Inc., Mayfield Village, Ohio 44143, United States
| | - Jose Roques
- Lineberger Comprehensive
Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - David Darr
- Lineberger Comprehensive
Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - H. Kim Lyerly
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Neil L. Spector
- Department
of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Timothy A.J. Haystead
- Department
of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
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Osada T, Morse MA, Hobeika A, Diniz MA, Gwin WR, Hartman Z, Wei J, Guo H, Yang XY, Liu CX, Kaneko K, Broadwater G, Lyerly HK. Vaccination targeting human HER3 alters the phenotype of infiltrating T cells and responses to immune checkpoint inhibition. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1315495. [PMID: 28680745 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1315495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression of human epidermal growth factor family member 3 (HER3), a critical heterodimerization partner with EGFR and HER2, promotes more aggressive biology in breast and other epithelial malignancies. As such, inhibiting HER3 could have broad applicability to the treatment of EGFR- and HER2-driven tumors. Although lack of a functional kinase domain limits the use of receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, HER3 contains antigenic targets for T cells and antibodies. Using novel human HER3 transgenic mouse models of breast cancer, we demonstrate that immunization with recombinant adenoviral vectors encoding full length human HER3 (Ad-HER3-FL) induces HER3-specific T cells and antibodies, alters the T cell infiltrate in tumors, and influences responses to immune checkpoint inhibitions. Both preventative and therapeutic Ad-HER3-FL immunization delayed tumor growth but were associated with both intratumoral PD-1 expressing CD8+ T cells and regulatory CD4+ T cell infiltrates. Immune checkpoint inhibition with either anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 antibodies increased intratumoral CD8+ T cell infiltration and eliminated tumor following preventive vaccination with Ad-HER3-FL vaccine. The combination of dual PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA4 blockade slowed the growth of tumor in response to Ad-HER3-FL in the therapeutic model. We conclude that HER3-targeting vaccines activate HER3-specific T cells and induce anti-HER3 specific antibodies, which alters the intratumoral T cell infiltrate and responses to immune checkpoint inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Osada
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael A Morse
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Amy Hobeika
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Marcio A Diniz
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William R Gwin
- Tumor Vaccine Group, Center for Translational Medicine in Women's Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Zachary Hartman
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Junping Wei
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hongtao Guo
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Xiao-Yi Yang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Cong-Xiao Liu
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kensuke Kaneko
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Gloria Broadwater
- Duke University, Division of Biostatistics Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - H Kim Lyerly
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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Kaneko K, Osada T, Freimark BD, Lyerly HK. Abstract B36: Modulating the tumor microenvironment to enhance cancer immunotherapy by inducing phosphatidylserine expression on the tumor surface. Cancer Immunol Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/2326-6074.tumimm16-b36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Hypothesis: While immune checkpoint blockade, in particular PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibition, has revolutionized cancer immunotherapy, a significant number of patients with solid tumors fail to respond to therapy. An emerging consensus is the need for a local infiltration of immune effector T cells, in combination with PD-1 or PD-L1, for anticancer responses. We are exploring an improved strategy to modulate the tumor microenvironment by targeting phosphatidylserine (PS), which is a phospholipid membrane component maintained on the cytosolic side of the cell membrane in viable cells. When a cell undergoes apoptosis or stress induced by the microenvironment, PS is no longer restricted to the cytosolic domain and gets transposed to the extracellular surface where it serves a variety of functions, including as a ligand for another immune checkpoint, TIM-3. In fact, PS-targeting antibodies induce immunity against weakly immunogenic tumor cells (He at al, 2009), and may serve to enhance anti-cancer immunotherapy. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are often used to treat cancers. In addition, photodynamic therapy using a photosensitizer conjugated with a target specific molecule has been recognized as an emerging therapeutic strategy. Therefore, we sought to determine the expression of PS following treatment with chemotherapy, radiation, or photodynamic therapy, and to determine if the addition of a PS-targeting antibody could augment antitumor response, especially in combination with PD-1 inhibition.
Methods and Results: We first confirmed the upregulation of PS on malignant human cells following treatment with chemotherapy by FACS analysis using PS-targeting antibody mch1N11. PS expression was increased (50.2% positive compared to 5.0% in untreated cells) after 18 h of incubation with etoposide (25µM). We then tested PS expression on murine triple negative breast cancer cell lines (E0771-OVA, 4T1) at days 1, 2, and 4 after a single dose of X-ray (30, 40, or 50 Gy). E0771-OVA cells showed increased PS expression at day 2, while 4T1 cell lines increased PS expression at day 4. E0771-OVA cells were also irradiated using a more conventional schedule, specifically daily administration (6 Gy/day 5 days), leading to increase PS expression. Additionally, we tested PS expression on E0771-OVA cells after photodynamic therapy using HS201, which is a synthesized photosensitizer compound constructed of verteporfin and HSP 90 inhibitor. PS expression increased at day 1 when the cells were treated with a single dose of laser (10 or 60J) after 30 minutes conjugation of HS201 (1 or 10 μM).
After confirming upregulation of PS by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and photodynamic therapy, we next tested the combination of PS-targeting mAb mch1N11 with chemotherapy in vivo. We treated C57BL/6 mice bearing E0771-OVA tumors with paclitaxel (PTX), PS-targeting mAb mch1N11, anti-PD-L1 Ab, or combination. As single agents, both mch1N11 and anti-PD-L1 mAbs showed tumor growth suppression; however, combination of those two and 3 combination showed stronger effect. On the other hand, PTX didn't seem to add any additional effect.
Conclusions: PS expression is upregulated by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and photodynamic therapy in vitro. A combination therapy blocking PS by PS-targeting mAb and immune checkpoint blockade with anti-PD-L1 mAb appears superior to single agent therapy. Our future plan is to investigate the effect of local irradiation or photodynamic therapy combined with PS-targeting mAb and anti-PD-L1 Ab.
Citation Format: Kensuke Kaneko, Takuya Osada, Bruce D. Freimark, Herbert Kim Lyerly. Modulating the tumor microenvironment to enhance cancer immunotherapy by inducing phosphatidylserine expression on the tumor surface. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2016 Oct 20-23; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2017;5(3 Suppl):Abstract nr B36.
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Oldham M, Yoon P, Fathi Z, Beyer WF, Adamson J, Liu L, Alcorta D, Xia W, Osada T, Liu C, Yang XY, Dodd RD, Herndon JE, Meng B, Kirsch DG, Lyerly HK, Dewhirst MW, Fecci P, Walder H, Spector NL. X-Ray Psoralen Activated Cancer Therapy (X-PACT). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162078. [PMID: 27583569 PMCID: PMC5008763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This work investigates X-PACT (X-ray Psoralen Activated Cancer Therapy): a new approach for the treatment of solid cancer. X-PACT utilizes psoralen, a potent anti-cancer therapeutic with current application to proliferative disease and extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) of cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma. An immunogenic role for light-activated psoralen has been reported, contributing to long-term clinical responses. Psoralen therapies have to-date been limited to superficial or extracorporeal scenarios due to the requirement for psoralen activation by UVA light, which has limited penetration in tissue. X-PACT solves this challenge by activating psoralen with UV light emitted from novel non-tethered phosphors (co-incubated with psoralen) that absorb x-rays and re-radiate (phosphoresce) at UV wavelengths. The efficacy of X-PACT was evaluated in both in-vitro and in-vivo settings. In-vitro studies utilized breast (4T1), glioma (CT2A) and sarcoma (KP-B) cell lines. Cells were exposed to X-PACT treatments where the concentrations of drug (psoralen and phosphor) and radiation parameters (energy, dose, and dose rate) were varied. Efficacy was evaluated primarily using flow cell cytometry in combination with complimentary assays, and the in-vivo mouse study. In an in-vitro study, we show that X-PACT induces significant tumor cell apoptosis and cytotoxicity, unlike psoralen or phosphor alone (p<0.0001). We also show that apoptosis increases as doses of phosphor, psoralen, or radiation increase. Finally, in an in-vivo pilot study of BALBc mice with syngeneic 4T1 tumors, we show that the rate of tumor growth is slower with X-PACT than with saline or AMT + X-ray (p<0.0001). Overall these studies demonstrate a potential therapeutic effect for X-PACT, and provide a foundation and rationale for future studies. In summary, X-PACT represents a novel treatment approach in which well-tolerated low doses of x-ray radiation are delivered to a specific tumor site to generate UVA light which in-turn unleashes both short- and potentially long-term antitumor activity of photo-active therapeutics like psoralen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Oldham
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Paul Yoon
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Zak Fathi
- Immunolight LLC, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Wayne F. Beyer
- QNS Group, LLC, Bahama, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Justus Adamson
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Leihua Liu
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - David Alcorta
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Wenle Xia
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Takuya Osada
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Congxiao Liu
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Xiao Y. Yang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Rebecca D. Dodd
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - James E. Herndon
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Boyu Meng
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - David G. Kirsch
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - H. Kim Lyerly
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Mark W. Dewhirst
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Peter Fecci
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Harold Walder
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Neil L. Spector
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
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Oldham M, Yoon S, Meng B, Fathi Z, Beyer W, Adamson J, Alcorta D, Osada T, Lyerly K, Dewhirst M, Fecci P, Walder H, Spector N. WE-FG-BRA-01: Cancer Treatment Utilizing Photo-Activation of Psoralen with KV X-Rays. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Shimoda M, Oda S, Hirayama A, Imai M, Komatsu F, Hoshikawa K, Shigematsu H, Nishiyama J, Osada T. Centripetal Propagation of Vasoconstriction at the Time of Headache Resolution in Patients with Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016; 37:1594-8. [PMID: 27079368 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome is characterized by thunderclap headache and diffuse segmental vasoconstriction that resolves spontaneously within 3 months. Previous reports have proposed that vasoconstriction first involves small distal arteries and then progresses toward major vessels at the time of thunderclap headache remission. The purpose of this study was to confirm centripetal propagation of vasoconstriction on MRA at the time of thunderclap headache remission compared with MRA at the time of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome onset. MATERIALS AND METHODS Of the 39 patients diagnosed with reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome at our hospital during the study period, participants comprised the 16 patients who underwent MR imaging, including MRA, within 72 hours of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome onset (initial MRA) and within 48 hours of thunderclap headache remission. RESULTS In 14 of the 16 patients (87.5%), centripetal propagation of vasoconstriction occurred from the initial MRA to remission of thunderclap headache, with typical segmental vasoconstriction of major vessels. These mainly involved the M1 portion of the MCA (10 cases), P1 portion of the posterior cerebral artery (10 cases), and A1 portion of the anterior cerebral artery (5 cases). CONCLUSIONS This study found evidence of centripetal propagation of vasoconstriction on MRA obtained at the time of thunderclap headache remission, compared with MRA obtained at the time of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome onset. If clinicians remain unsure of the diagnosis during early-stage reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome, this time point represents the best opportunity to diagnose reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome with confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shimoda
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (M.S., S.O., A.H., M.I., F.K., K.H.), Tokai University Hachioji Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Oda
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (M.S., S.O., A.H., M.I., F.K., K.H.), Tokai University Hachioji Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Hirayama
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (M.S., S.O., A.H., M.I., F.K., K.H.), Tokai University Hachioji Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Imai
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (M.S., S.O., A.H., M.I., F.K., K.H.), Tokai University Hachioji Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - F Komatsu
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (M.S., S.O., A.H., M.I., F.K., K.H.), Tokai University Hachioji Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Hoshikawa
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (M.S., S.O., A.H., M.I., F.K., K.H.), Tokai University Hachioji Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Shigematsu
- Department of Neurosurgery (H.S., J.N., T.O.), Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - J Nishiyama
- Department of Neurosurgery (H.S., J.N., T.O.), Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - T Osada
- Department of Neurosurgery (H.S., J.N., T.O.), Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
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Vaidyanathan G, McDougald D, Choi J, Koumarianou E, Weitzel D, Osada T, Lyerly HK, Zalutsky MR. Preclinical Evaluation of 18F-Labeled Anti-HER2 Nanobody Conjugates for Imaging HER2 Receptor Expression by Immuno-PET. J Nucl Med 2016; 57:967-73. [PMID: 26912425 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.171306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The human growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in breast as well as other types of cancer. Immuno-PET, a noninvasive imaging procedure that could assess HER2 status in both primary and metastatic lesions simultaneously, could be a valuable tool for optimizing application of HER2-targeted therapies in individual patients. Herein, we have evaluated the tumor-targeting potential of the 5F7 anti-HER2 Nanobody (single-domain antibody fragment; ∼13 kDa) after (18)F labeling by 2 methods. METHODS The 5F7 Nanobody was labeled with (18)F using the novel residualizing label N-succinimidyl 3-((4-(4-(18)F-fluorobutyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)methyl)-5-(guanidinomethyl)benzoate ((18)F-SFBTMGMB; (18)F-RL-I) and also via the most commonly used (18)F protein-labeling prosthetic agent N-succinimidyl 3-(18)F-fluorobenzoate ((18)F-SFB). For comparison, 5F7 Nanobody was also labeled using the residualizing radioiodination agent N-succinimidyl 4-guanidinomethyl-3-(125)I-iodobenzoate ((125)I-SGMIB). Paired-label ((18)F/(125)I) internalization assays and biodistribution studies were performed on HER2-expressing BT474M1 breast carcinoma cells and in mice with BT474M1 subcutaneous xenografts, respectively. Small-animal PET/CT imaging of 5F7 Nanobody labeled using (18)F-RL-I also was performed. RESULTS Internalization assays indicated that intracellularly retained radioactivity for (18)F-RL-I-5F7 was similar to that for coincubated (125)I-SGMIB-5F7, whereas that for (18)F-SFB-5F7 was lower than coincubated (125)I-SGMIB-5F7 and decreased with time. BT474M1 tumor uptake of (18)F-RL-I-5F7 was 28.97 ± 3.88 percentage injected dose per gram of tissue (%ID/g) at 1 h and 36.28 ± 14.10 %ID/g at 2 h, reduced by more than 90% on blocking with trastuzumab, indicating HER2 specificity of uptake, and was also 26%-28% higher (P < 0.05) than that of (18)F-SFB-5F7. At 2 h, the tumor-to-blood ratio for (18)F-RL-I-5F7 (47.4 ± 13.1) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than for (18)F-SFB-5F7 (25.4 ± 10.3); however, kidney uptake was 28-36-fold higher for (18)F-RL-I-5F7. CONCLUSION (18)F-RL-I-5F7 is a promising tracer for evaluating HER2 status by immuno-PET; however, in settings in which renal background is problematic, strategies for reducing its kidney uptake may be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Darryl McDougald
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jaeyeon Choi
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Douglas Weitzel
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; and
| | - Takuya Osada
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - H Kim Lyerly
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Michael R Zalutsky
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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Takagi S, Murase N, Kime R, Niwayama M, Osada T, Katsumura T. Muscle Oxygen Dynamics During Cycling Exercise in Angina Pectoris Patients. Adv Exp Med Biol 2016; 923:291-297. [PMID: 27526156 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-38810-6_39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Muscle O2 dynamics during ramp cycling exercise were compared between angina pectoris patients (AP; n = 7, age: 73 ± 6 years) after coronary artery bypass grafting and age-, height-, and body weight-matched elderly control subjects (CON; n = 7, age: 74 ± 8 years). Muscle O2 saturation (SmO2) and relative change in deoxygenated (∆deoxy-Hb) and total hemoglobin concentration (∆total-Hb) were measured continuously during exercise in the vastus lateralis (VL) by near infrared spatial resolved spectroscopy. Pulmonary O2 uptake (VO2) was also monitored throughout exercise to determine peak VO2. In AP, SmO2 was significantly higher, and ∆deoxy-Hb was significantly lower during exercise, compared to CON. In all subjects, ∆SmO2 (values at peak exercise minus values at resting) was negatively correlated to peak VO2 (r = -0.52, p < 0.05), and ∆deoxy-Hb at peak exercise tended to be negatively associated with peak VO2 (r = 0.48, p = 0.07). Blunted skeletal muscle deoxygenation response was observed in AP patients, which may be related to lower aerobic capacity in AP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Takagi
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan. .,Department of Sports Medicine for Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Norio Murase
- Department of Sports Medicine for Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Kime
- Department of Sports Medicine for Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Niwayama
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takuya Osada
- Department of Sports Medicine for Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihito Katsumura
- Department of Sports Medicine for Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
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Fuse S, Kime R, Osada T, Murase N, Katsumura T. Erratum to: The Effects of Passive Cycling Exercise for 20 min on Cardiorespiratory Dynamics in Healthy Men. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 2016; 923:E1. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-38810-6_58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Osada T, Rådegran G. Difference in muscle blood flow fluctuations between dynamic and static thigh muscle contractions: How to evaluate exercise blood flow by Doppler ultrasound. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.15761/pmrr.1000128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Morse MA, Hobeika A, Gwin W, Osada T, Gelles J, Rushing C, Niedzwiecki D, Lyerly HK. Phase I study of alphaviral vector (AVX701) in colorectal cancer patients: comparison of immune responses in stage III and stage IV patients. J Immunother Cancer 2015. [PMCID: PMC4652494 DOI: 10.1186/2051-1426-3-s2-p444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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Morse MA, Osada T, Hobeika A, Patel S, Lyerly HK. Biomarkers and correlative endpoints for immunotherapy trials. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2015. [PMID: 23714525 DOI: 10.1200/edbook_am.2013.33.e287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapies for lung cancer are reaching phase III clinical trial, but the ultimate success likely will depend on developing biomarkers to guide development and choosing patient populations most likely to benefit. Because the immune response to cancer involves multiple cell types and cytokines, some spatially and temporally separated, it is likely that multiple biomarkers will be required to fully characterize efficacy of the vaccine and predict eventual benefit. Peripheral blood markers of response, such as the ELISPOT assay and cytokine flow cytometry analyses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells following immunotherapy, remain the standard approach, but it is increasingly important to obtain tissue to study the immune response at the site of the tumor. Earlier clinical endpoints such as response rate and progression-free survival do not correlate with overall survival demonstrated for some immunotherapies, suggesting the need to develop other intermediary clinical endpoints. Insofar as all these biomarkers and surrogate endpoints are relevant in multiple malignancies, it may be possible to extrapolate findings to immunotherapy of lung cancer.
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Osada T, Mortensen SP, Rådegran G. Mechanical compression during repeated sustained isometric muscle contractions and hyperemic recovery in healthy young males. J Physiol Anthropol 2015; 34:36. [PMID: 26520798 PMCID: PMC4628366 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-015-0075-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An elevated intramuscular pressure during a single forearm isometric muscle contraction may restrict muscle hyperemia. However, during repeated isometric exercise, it is unclear to what extent mechanical compression and muscle vasodilatation contribute to the magnitude and time course of beat-to-beat limb hemodynamics, due to alterations in leg vascular conductance (LVC). METHODS In eight healthy male subjects, the time course of both beat-to-beat leg blood flow (LBF) and LVC in the femoral artery was determined between repeated 10-s isometric thigh muscle contractions and 10-s muscle relaxation (a duty cycle of 20 s) for steady-state 120 s at five target workloads (10, 30, 50, 70, and 90% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC)). The ratio of restricted LBF due to mechanical compression across workloads was determined by the formula (relaxation LBF--contraction LBF)/relaxation LBF (%). RESULTS The exercise protocol was performed completely by all subjects (≤ 50% MVC), seven subjects (≤ 70% MVC), and two subjects (≤ 90% MVC). During a 10-s isometric muscle contraction, the time course in both beat-to-beat LBF and LVC displayed a fitting curve with an exponential increase (P < 0.001, r (2) ≥ 0.956) at each workload but no significant difference in mean LBF across workloads and pre-exercise. During a 10-s muscle relaxation, the time course in both beat-to-beat LBF and LVC increased as a function of workload, followed by a linear decline (P < 0.001, r (2) ≥ 0.889), that was workload-dependent, resulting in mean LBF increasing linearly across workloads (P < 0.01, r (2) = 0.984). The ratio of restricted LBF can be described as a single exponential decay with an increase in workload, which has inflection point distinctions between 30 and 50% MVC. CONCLUSIONS In a 20-s duty cycle of steady-state repeated isometric muscle contractions, the post-contraction hyperemia (magnitude of both LBF and LVC) during muscle relaxation was in proportion to the workload, which is in agreement with previous findings. Furthermore, time-dependent beat-to-beat muscle vasodilatation was seen, but not restricted, during isometric muscle contractions through all target workloads. Additionally, the relative contribution of mechanical obstruction and vasodilatation to the hyperemia observed in the repeated isometric exercise protocol was non-linear with regard to workload. In combination with repeated isometric exercise, the findings could potentially prove to be useful indicators of circulatory adjustment by mechanical compression for muscle-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Osada
- Department of Sports Medicine for Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan. .,Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, 6-7-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan. .,The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Stefan P Mortensen
- The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.,Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Göran Rådegran
- The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Cardiology, Lund University, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden.,The Section for Heart Failure and Valvular Disease, The Heart and Lung Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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Abstract
Achieving long-term control of colorectal cancers with therapeutic vaccines that generate potent anti-tumor T cell and antibody responses has been a goal for more than two decades. To date, clinical trials of these vaccines have demonstrated induction of immune responses, but clinical benefit has been limited. Improved vector delivery systems with enhanced immunostimulatory properties, decreased immunogenicity against vector and improved antigen presentation are some of the key features of modern tumor vaccines. Furthermore, an improved understanding of the various immunosuppressive factors in the tumor microenvironment and regional lymph nodes, coupled with a burgeoning ability to impair inhibitory immune synapses, highlights a growing opportunity to induce beneficial antigen-specific responses against tumor. The combination of improved antigenic delivery systems, coupled with therapeutic immune activation, represents state-of-the-art colorectal vaccine design concepts with the goal of augmenting immune responses against tumor and improving clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip P Patel
- UCSD Moores Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Immunotherapy Program, 3855 Health Sciences Drive #0987, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Osada T, Patel SP, Hammond SA, Osada K, Morse MA, Lyerly HK. CEA/CD3-bispecific T cell-engaging (BiTE) antibody-mediated T lymphocyte cytotoxicity maximized by inhibition of both PD1 and PD-L1. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2015; 64:677-88. [PMID: 25742933 PMCID: PMC11029757 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-015-1671-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bispecific T cell-engaging (BiTE) antibodies recruit polyclonal cytotoxic T cells (CTL) to tumors. One such antibody is carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) BiTE that mediates T cell/tumor interaction by simultaneously binding CD3 expressed by T cells and CEA expressed by tumor cells. A widely operative mechanism for mitigating cytotoxic T cell-mediated killing is the interaction of tumor-expressed PD-L1 with T cell-expressed PD-1, which may be partly reversed by PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. We hypothesized that PD-1/PD-L1 blockade during BiTE-mediated T cell killing would enhance CTL function. Here, we determined the effects of PD-1 and PD-L1 blockade during initial T cell-mediated killing of CEA-expressing human tumor cell lines in vitro, as well as subsequent T cell-mediated killing by T lymphocytes that had participated in tumor cell killing. We observed a rapid upregulation of PD-1 expression and diminished cytolytic function of T cells after they had engaged in CEA BiTE-mediated killing of tumors. T cell cytolytic activity in vitro could be maximized by administration of anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 antibodies alone or in combination if applied prior to a round of T cell killing, but T cell inhibition could not be fully reversed by this blockade once the T cells had killed tumor. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that dual blockade of PD-1 and PD-L1 maximizes T cell killing of tumor directed by CEA BiTE in vitro, is more effective if applied early, and provides a rationale for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Osada
- Section of Applied Therapeutics, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, 403 MSRB, Research Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA,
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Gwin WR, Hobeika A, Osada T, Hartman Z, Cheng Q, Broadwater G, Kimmick GG, Blackwell KL, Morse M, Lyerly K. Effect of alphavirus vaccine encoding HER2 during concurrent anti-HER2 therapies on induction of oligoclonal T cell and antibody responses against HER2. J Clin Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2015.33.15_suppl.3081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Gloria Broadwater
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics and CALGB Statistical Center, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC
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Ren XR, Wang J, Osada T, Mook RA, Morse MA, Barak LS, Lyerly HK, Chen W. Perhexiline promotes HER3 ablation through receptor internalization and inhibits tumor growth. Breast Cancer Res 2015; 17:20. [PMID: 25849870 PMCID: PMC4358700 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-015-0528-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human epidermal growth factor receptor HER3 has been implicated in promoting the aggressiveness and metastatic potential of breast cancer. Upregulation of HER3 has been found to be a major mechanism underlying drug resistance to EGFR and HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors and to endocrine therapy in the treatment of breast cancer. Thus, agents that reduce HER3 expression at the plasma membrane may synergize with current therapies and offer a novel therapeutic strategy to improve treatment. METHODS We devised an image-based screening platform using membrane localized HER3-YFP to identify small molecules that promote HER3 internalization and degradation. In vitro and in vivo tumor models were used to characterize the signaling effects of perhexiline, an anti-anginal drug, identified by the screening platform. RESULTS We found perhexiline, an anti-anginal drug, selectively internalized HER3, decreased HER3 expression, and subsequently inhibited signaling downstream of HER3. Consistent with these results, perhexiline inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This is the first demonstration that HER3 can be targeted with small molecules by eliminating it from the cell membrane. The novel approach used here led to the discovery that perhexiline ablates HER3 expression, and offers an opportunity to identify HER3 ablation modulators as innovative therapeutics to improve survival in breast cancer patients.
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Nagahara A, Asaoka D, Hojo M, Sasaki H, Shimada Y, Matsumoto K, Ueyama H, Shibuya T, Sakamoto N, Osada T, Watanabe S. Difference in efficacy of proton pump inhibitor between new-onset and recurrent gastroesophageal reflux disease: Result from a study of on-demand versus continuous maintenance therapy in Japan. Hippokratia 2015; 19:53-56. [PMID: 26435648 PMCID: PMC4574588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND-OBJECTIVE No study has focused on the difference in efficacy of maintenance therapy between patients with new-onset and recurrent gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The aim of this study is to reveal this point. METHODS Endoscopically proven GERD patients who had completed 8-week initial therapy were sequentially randomized to continuous arm (Omeprazole 20mg od) or on-demand arm (Omeprazole 20mg on-demand). Patients filled in daily symptoms and tablet usages for 24 weeks. Patients underwent upper GI endoscopy at 24 weeks. Symptom relief was defined as no symptoms for>6 days during a week. The numbers of patients who achieved symptom relief and mucosal healing were compared between the new-onset and recurrent groups in the continuous arm and in the on-demand arm, respectively. RESULTS Among new-onset GERD [n=82 (continuous: 42 patients, on-demand: 40)], continuous arm achieved significant symptom-relief than in on-demand arm at 4*,5*,6** and 17*week. Among recurrent GERD [n=36(continuous: 17 patients, on-demand: 19)], continuous arm achieved significant symptom-relief at 1**,2*,3*,4*,5**,7**,8**,17* and 18* week, respectively (*<0.05,**<0.01). The number of healed patients was significantly higher in new-onset group (60/68, 88.2%) than in recurrent group (17/30, 56.7%) (<0.01). CONCLUSION Since therapeutic response during maintenance therapy was poor in recurrent GERD, continuous therapy is recommended in order to maintain symptom-relief and mucosal healing. Hippokratia 2015, 19 (1): 53-56.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nagahara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - D Asaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Hojo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Sasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Shimada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Matsumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Ueyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Shibuya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Sakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Osada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Gray M, Gong J, Nguyen V, Osada T, Hartman Z, Hutchins J, Freimark B, Lyerly K. Targeting of phosphatidylserine by monoclonal antibodies augments the activity of paclitaxel and anti-PD1/PD-L1 therapy in the murine breast model E0771. J Immunother Cancer 2015. [PMCID: PMC4649312 DOI: 10.1186/2051-1426-3-s2-p357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Takagi S, Murase N, Kime R, Niwayama M, Osada T, Katsumura T. Skeletal Muscle Deoxygenation Abnormalities in Early Post-Myocardial Infarction. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2014; 46:2062-9. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000000334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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