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Sitz T, DelCurto-Wyffels H, Van Emon M, Wyffels S, Peterson J, Hamilton T, Retallick K, Tarpoff E, Garcia A, Kangas K, DelCurto T. Characterizing Foot and Leg Scores for Montana's Registered Angus Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2849. [PMID: 37760249 PMCID: PMC10525743 DOI: 10.3390/ani13182849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to characterize foot angle and claw set scores of Montana's (USA) registered Angus cattle using a total of 4723 cattle scored: 1475 yearling bulls, 992 yearling heifers, 1044 2- and 3-year-old cows, and 1212 cows ≥ 4 years old. Yearling bulls had a 0.12 and 0.20 greater mean foot angle and claw set score, respectively, compared to yearling heifers (p < 0.01). Foot angle and claw set scores increased (p < 0.01) with advancing cow age. The combined worst foot changed quadratically with age (p < 0.01) with the majority of problem feet in cows aged 2 to 3 years and older being hind feet issues. The proportion of foot angle and claw set scores not equal to 5 increased quadratically with age (p < 0.01), with heifers having the lowest proportion of scores not equal to 5 (15.8 and 31.7%, respectively) compared to cows aged 4 years and older. Sire lines had an effect on progeny claw set (p < 0.05) and foot angle scores (p < 0.05), as well as variation of progeny foot scores. These data could potentially be used to refine expected progeny difference models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylre Sitz
- Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (T.S.); (H.D.-W.); (M.V.E.); (S.W.); (J.P.); (T.H.)
| | - Hannah DelCurto-Wyffels
- Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (T.S.); (H.D.-W.); (M.V.E.); (S.W.); (J.P.); (T.H.)
| | - Megan Van Emon
- Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (T.S.); (H.D.-W.); (M.V.E.); (S.W.); (J.P.); (T.H.)
| | - Sam Wyffels
- Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (T.S.); (H.D.-W.); (M.V.E.); (S.W.); (J.P.); (T.H.)
| | - Jeremiah Peterson
- Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (T.S.); (H.D.-W.); (M.V.E.); (S.W.); (J.P.); (T.H.)
| | - Thomas Hamilton
- Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (T.S.); (H.D.-W.); (M.V.E.); (S.W.); (J.P.); (T.H.)
| | - Kelli Retallick
- American Angus Association, Saint Joseph, MO 64506, USA; (K.R.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (K.K.)
| | - Esther Tarpoff
- American Angus Association, Saint Joseph, MO 64506, USA; (K.R.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (K.K.)
| | - Andre Garcia
- American Angus Association, Saint Joseph, MO 64506, USA; (K.R.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (K.K.)
| | - Kurt Kangas
- American Angus Association, Saint Joseph, MO 64506, USA; (K.R.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (K.K.)
| | - Tim DelCurto
- Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (T.S.); (H.D.-W.); (M.V.E.); (S.W.); (J.P.); (T.H.)
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Yasuda JL, Taslitsky GN, Staffa SJ, Ngo PD, Meisner J, Mohammed S, Hamilton T, Zendejas B, Manfredi MA. Predictors of enteral tube dependence in pediatric esophageal atresia. Dis Esophagus 2023; 36:6692452. [PMID: 36065605 DOI: 10.1093/dote/doac060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Children with esophageal atresia (EA) may require enteral tube feedings in infancy and a subset experience ongoing feeding difficulties and enteral tube dependence. Predictors of enteral tube dependence have never been systematically explored in this population. We hypothesized that enteral tube dependence is multifactorial in nature, with likely important contributions from anastomotic stricture. Cross-sectional clinical, feeding, and endoscopic data were extracted from a prospectively collected database of endoscopies performed in EA patients between August 2019 and August 2021 at an international referral center for EA management. Clinical factors known or hypothesized to contribute to esophageal dysphagia, oropharyngeal dysphagia, or other difficulties in meeting caloric needs were incorporated into regression models for statistical analysis. Significant predictors of enteral tube dependence were statistically identified. Three-hundred thirty children with EA were eligible for analysis. Ninety-seven were dependent on enteral tube feeds. Younger age, lower weight Z scores, long gap atresia, neurodevelopmental risk factor(s), significant cardiac disease, vocal fold movement impairment, and smaller esophageal anastomotic diameter were significantly associated with enteral tube dependence in univariate analyses; only weight Z scores, vocal fold movement impairment, and anastomotic diameter retained significance in a multivariable logistic regression model. In the current study, anastomotic stricture is the only potentially modifiable significant predictor of enteral tube dependence that is identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Yasuda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gabriela N Taslitsky
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven J Staffa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter D Ngo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jay Meisner
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Somala Mohammed
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Hamilton
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Michael A Manfredi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Ryan JM, Albairami F, Hamilton T, Cope N, Amirmudin NA, Manikandan M, Kilbride C, Stevenson VL, Livingstone E, Fortune J. Prevalence and incidence of chronic conditions among adults with cerebral palsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Dev Med Child Neurol 2023. [PMID: 36807150 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the prevalence and incidence of chronic conditions among adults with cerebral palsy (CP) and compare them to the prevalence and incidence among adults without CP. METHOD We searched MEDLINE and Embase for studies reporting the prevalence or incidence of one or more chronic conditions among adults with CP. Two independent reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full-text articles. Two independent reviewers extracted data relating to prevalence and incidence and appraised study quality. We performed random-effects meta-analyses to pool prevalence and incidence. RESULTS We identified 69 studies; 65 reported the prevalence of 53 conditions and 13 reported the incidence of 21 conditions. At least 20% of adults had the following conditions: depression (21%); anxiety (21%); mood affective disorders (23%); asthma (24%); hypertension (26%); epilepsy (28%); urinary incontinence (32%); malnutrition (38%); and scoliosis (46%). Adults with CP were more likely to have type 2 diabetes, anxiety, bipolar disorder, depression, schizophrenia, hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, stroke, cerebrovascular disease, asthma, liver disease, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, underweight, and chronic kidney disease than adults without CP. INTERPRETATION These data from 18 countries, which provide an international perspective, may be used to promote awareness, identify targets for intervention, and inform the development of appropriate supports for adults with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Ryan
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fatemah Albairami
- Department of Physical Therapy, Ahmadi Hospital, Kuwait Oil Company, Kuwait.,College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University, London, UK
| | - Thomas Hamilton
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Nigel Cope
- Physiotherapy Department, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Manjula Manikandan
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cherry Kilbride
- College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University, London, UK
| | - Valerie L Stevenson
- The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, UCLH Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Jennifer Fortune
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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Song Q, Datta S, Liang X, Xu X, Pavicic P, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Liu S, Zhao J, Xu Y, Xu J, Wu L, Wu Z, Zhang M, Zhao Z, Lin C, Wang Y, Han P, Jiang P, Qin Y, Li W, Zhang Y, Luo Y, Sen G, Stark GR, Zhao C, Hamilton T, Yang J. Type I interferon signaling facilitates resolution of acute liver injury by priming macrophage polarization. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:143-157. [PMID: 36596875 PMCID: PMC9886918 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00966-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their broad functional plasticity, myeloid cells contribute to both liver injury and recovery during acetaminophen overdose-induced acute liver injury (APAP-ALI). A comprehensive understanding of cellular diversity and intercellular crosstalk is essential to elucidate the mechanisms and to develop therapeutic strategies for APAP-ALI treatment. Here, we identified the function of IFN-I in the myeloid compartment during APAP-ALI. Utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing, we characterized the cellular atlas and dynamic progression of liver CD11b+ cells post APAP-ALI in WT and STAT2 T403A mice, which was further validated by immunofluorescence staining, bulk RNA-seq, and functional experiments in vitro and in vivo. We identified IFN-I-dependent transcriptional programs in a three-way communication pathway that involved IFN-I synthesis in intermediate restorative macrophages, leading to CSF-1 production in aging neutrophils that ultimately enabled Trem2+ restorative macrophage maturation, contributing to efficient liver repair. Overall, we uncovered the heterogeneity of hepatic myeloid cells in APAP-ALI at single-cell resolution and the therapeutic potential of IFN-I in the treatment of APAP-ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoling Song
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Shyamasree Datta
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Xue Liang
- Lars Bolund Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaohan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Paul Pavicic
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- Innovation Center of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Department of Radiation, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Innovation Center of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Innovation Center of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuting Xu
- Innovation Center of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Innovation Center of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Lihong Wu
- Innovation Center of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhihua Wu
- Innovation Center of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Minghui Zhang
- Innovation Center of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunhua Lin
- Department of Urology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Peng Han
- Lars Bolund Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Radiation, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yating Qin
- Lars Bolund Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Radiation, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Lars Bolund Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yonglun Luo
- Lars Bolund Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ganes Sen
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - George R Stark
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
- Innovation Center of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Thomas Hamilton
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Jinbo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
- Innovation Center of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
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Hamilton T, Mendes C, Silveira J, Goissis M, Assumpcao M. 59 Delivery of exogenous sperm microRNAs increases cleavage rates and changes gene expression in embryos, leading to an increment on blastocyst and development rates in low. Reprod Fertil Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv35n2ab59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Kimenai D, Pirondini L, Gregson J, Prieto D, Pocock SJ, Perel P, Hamilton T, Welsh P, Campbell A, Porteous DJ, Hayward C, Sattar N, Mills NL, Shah ASV. Socioeconomic deprivation: an important largely unrecognized risk factor in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Socioeconomic deprivation is associated with higher cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Whether deprivation status should be incorporated in more cardiovascular risk estimation scores remains unclear.
Purpose
This study evaluates how socioeconomic deprivation status affects the performance of three primary prevention cardiovascular risk scores.
Methods
The Generation Scotland Scottish Family Health Study was used to evaluate the performance of three cardiovascular risk scores with (ASSIGN) and without (SCORE2, PCE) socioeconomic deprivation as a covariate in the risk prediction model. Deprivation was defined by Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation score. The predicted 10-year risk was evaluated against the observed event rate for the cardiovascular outcome of each risk score. The comparison was made across three groups defined by the deprivation index score consisting of group 1 defined as most deprived, group 3 defined as least deprived and group 2 which consisted of individuals in the middle deprivation categories.
Results
The study population consisted of 15,506 individuals (60.0% female, median age of 51). Across the population 1,808 (12%) individuals were assigned to group 1 (most deprived), 8,119 (55%) to group 2, and 4,708 (32%) to group 3 (least deprived). Risk scores based on models that did not include deprivation status significantly under predicted risk in the most deprived (6.4% observed versus 4.6% predicted for SCORE2 and 6.7% observed versus 4.7% predicted for PCE, p<0.001 for both). Both risk scores also significantly overpredicted the risk in the least deprived group (4.0% observed versus 4.7% predicted for SCORE2, p=0.007 and 4.2% observed versus 4.9% predicted for PCE, p=0.028). In contrast, no significant difference was demonstrated in the observed versus predicted risk when using the ASSIGN risk score, which included socioeconomic deprivation status in the risk model.
Conclusions
Socioeconomic status is a largely unrecognized risk factor in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Risk scores that exclude socioeconomic deprivation as a covariate under- and overestimate the risk in the most and least deprived individuals, respectively. This study highlights the importance of incorporating socioeconomic deprivation status in risk estimation systems to ultimately reduce inequalities in health care provision for cardiovascular disease.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): The British Heart Foundation.Health Data Research UK which receives its funding from HDR UK Ltd (HDR-5012) funded by the UK Medical Research Council, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Economic and Social Research Council, Department of Health and Social Care (England), Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government Health and Social Care Directorates, Health and Social Care Research and Development Division (Welsh Government), Public Health Agency (Northern Ireland), British Heart Foundation and the Wellcome Trust.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kimenai
- University of Edinburgh, BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
| | - L Pirondini
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medical Statistics , London , United Kingdom
| | - J Gregson
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medical Statistics , London , United Kingdom
| | - D Prieto
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology , London , United Kingdom
| | - S J Pocock
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medical Statistics , London , United Kingdom
| | - P Perel
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology , London , United Kingdom
| | - T Hamilton
- University of Edinburgh, BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
| | - P Welsh
- University of Glasgow, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences , Glasgow , United Kingdom
| | - A Campbell
- University of Edinburgh, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicince, Institute of Genetics and Cancer , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
| | - D J Porteous
- University of Edinburgh, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicince, Institute of Genetics and Cancer , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
| | - C Hayward
- University of Edinburgh, MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
| | - N Sattar
- University of Glasgow, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences , Glasgow , United Kingdom
| | - N L Mills
- University of Edinburgh, BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Usher Institute , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
| | - A S V Shah
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology , London , United Kingdom
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Georgiopoulos A, Smith B, Chaudhary N, Aliaj E, Birnbaum V, Hamilton T, Kirby K, Nowakowski A, Shiffman M, Tillman L, Quittner A. 315 Cystic fibrosis mental health research priorities: Qualitative content analysis of cystic fibrosis community and provider survey. J Cyst Fibros 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(22)01005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Harrington AW, Riebold J, Hernandez K, Staffa SJ, Meisner JW, Zurakowski D, Jennings R, Hamilton T, Zendejas B. Feeding and Growth Outcomes in Infants with Type C Esophageal Atresia Who Undergo Early Primary Repair. J Pediatr 2022; 241:77-82.e1. [PMID: 34687688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe growth and feeding outcomes in patients with type C esophageal atresia who underwent early primary repair and to identify predictors for poor growth. STUDY DESIGN This single-center, retrospective, cohort study included all patients with type C esophageal atresia who underwent early primary repair from 2013 to 2019. Weight-for-age z score (WAZ) was calculated at birth, and every 6 months until 3 years postoperatively. Longitudinal median regression was used to evaluate WAZ over time. A multivariable logistic regression model explored predictors of growth outcomes. RESULTS Of 46 infants who met the inclusion criteria, 72% were term. The median age at repair was 1.5 days of life (IQR, 1-2 days of life) and the hospital length of stay was 20 days (IQR-14, 30 days). Two patients had esophageal leak (4.3%). The median WAZ at birth was below average (-0.72; IQR, -1.37 to -0.40), but improved to reach average by 3 years (-0.025; IQR, -0.85 to 0.97, P < .001). At discharge, 72% of patients were receiving full oral nutrition, which improved to 95% by 3 years. The only independent predictor of poor growth at 1 year (WAZ < -1 [33%]) was WAZ at discharge (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS Infants with esophageal atresia who undergo early primary repair are capable of achieving standard growth curves by 3 years of age. However, poor discharge WAZ score was predictive of poor WAZ score at 1 year. Efforts to identify at-risk patients and institute targeted inpatient and outpatient nutrition interventions are needed to improve their growth trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jane Riebold
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Kayla Hernandez
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Steven J Staffa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Jay W Meisner
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - David Zurakowski
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | - Thomas Hamilton
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
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9
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Baghdadi O, Yasuda J, Staffa S, Ngo P, Zendejas B, Hamilton T, Jennings R, Manfredi M. Predictors and Outcomes of Fully Covered Stent Treatment for Anastomotic Esophageal Strictures in Esophageal Atresia. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2022; 74:221-226. [PMID: 34694266 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000003330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Anastomotic strictures following surgical repair is one of the most common complications in esophageal atresia (EA). The utility of esophageal stenting to treat anastomotic esophageal strictures in pediatrics is unclear. Our primary aim was to evaluate whether esophageal stenting, in conjunction with dilation and other endoscopic therapies, prevented surgical stricture resection (SR). Our secondary aims were to evaluate predictors of successful esophageal stenting and evaluate adverse events from stent placement. METHODS A retrospective review of pediatric patients with EA complicated by esophageal strictures was performed. The change in stricture diameter in millimeters from the time of stent removal to subsequent endoscopy was defined as delta diameter (ΔD). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the discriminatory ability of ΔD. Youden J index was used to identify optimal cutoff-point in predicting stent success. A univariate and multivariate analysis were done to assess predictors of success. RESULT Forty-nine esophageal anastomoses were stented to treat esophageal strictures. Stents prevented SR in 41% of patients. ROC curve analysis utilizing Youden J index identified ΔD of ≤4 mm (area under the curve = 0.790; 95% confidence interval: 0.655-0.924; P < 0.001) as the optimal cutoff point in differentiating stent success. The most common adverse events were erosions/ulcerations, granulation tissue formation, and vomiting/retching. CONCLUSION Stent therapy in preventing SR at the site of EA repair was successful in 41% in our population with good long term follow-up. The most significant predictor of success in this study was the change in luminal diameter (≤4 mm) at initial poststent follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Steven Staffa
- Division of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine
| | - Peter Ngo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition
| | - Benjamin Zendejas
- Department of General Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Thomas Hamilton
- Department of General Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Russell Jennings
- Department of General Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
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10
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Harrington AW, Riebold J, Hernandez K, Staffa SJ, Svetanoff WJ, Zurakowski D, Hamilton T, Jennings R, Mehta NM, Zendejas B. Nutrition delivery and growth outcomes in infants with long-gap esophageal atresia who undergo the Foker process. J Pediatr Surg 2021; 56:2133-2139. [PMID: 34366132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predictors of growth outcomes in patients with long-gap esophageal atresia (LGEA) are not known. We examined nutrition and growth in-hospital and post-discharge in LGEA patients who underwent the Foker Process (FP). METHODS Single-center, retrospective cohort study of infants with LGEA undergoing primary (non-rescue) FP from 2014 to 2020. Weight-for-age z scores (WAZ, 0 = average), macronutrient prescription, anthropometry, and clinical variables were collected. Longitudinal median regression evaluated differences in WAZ over time. Multivariable median regression examined variables associated with change in WAZ at 1 year. RESULTS 45 patients met criteria, with median (IQR) age at repair of 4 (2, 5.8) months and WAZ of -0.96 (-1.55, -0.40). On admission, 11% were moderately (WAZ < -2) and 9% were severely (WAZ < -3) malnourished. Lower admission WAZ was significantly associated with improvement in WAZ at 1-year follow-up (p = 0.002); EA type (59% type A), esophageal leak (16%), median days paralyzed (13), ventilated (21), on parenteral nutrition (35), or to full enteral nutrition (35) were not associated with change in WAZ. Median WAZ remained stable while in-hospital, and patients maintained their growth curves through 3-year follow-up. CONCLUSION Throughout infancy, most primary FP LGEA patients have weight for age that is below average. Using targeted nutritional intervention, those who present with malnutrition can still achieve adequate growth despite prolonged and complicated hospital courses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda W Harrington
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Fegan 3, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Jane Riebold
- Boston Children's Hospital, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kayla Hernandez
- Boston Children's Hospital, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Steven J Staffa
- Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Wendy Jo Svetanoff
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - David Zurakowski
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Fegan 3, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Thomas Hamilton
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Fegan 3, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Russell Jennings
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Fegan 3, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Nilesh M Mehta
- Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Benjamin Zendejas
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Fegan 3, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
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11
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Elardo E, Elbadri N, Sanchez C, Powell V, Smaris M, Li Y, Jacobson J, Hilbert T, Hamilton T, Wu DW. B subgroup detection in a small hospital transfusion service. Immunohematology 2021; 37:89-94. [PMID: 34170644 DOI: 10.21307/immunohematology-2021-014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The ABO blood group system includes phenotypes, or subgroups, that differ in the amount of A and B antigens present on the red blood cells (RBCs). These subgroups also differ in the A, B, or H substances present in secretions (for individuals who have the secretor phenotype). B subgroups are very rare and are less frequently reported than A subgroups. Usually, B subgroups are discovered during serologic testing when there is a discrepancy between RBC and serum grouping results. Subgroups of B are usually identified by a reference laboratory using molecular and adsorption-elution methods. This report details a case of a young, healthy, pregnant woman with a B subgroup detected by a small transfusion service using adsorption-elution methods. Serology and genotyping of the ABO gene was performed at a reference laboratory where the serology was consistent with a B subgroup, but no changes were identified in ABO gene sequencing. It is important to correctly identify B subgroups in donors and recipients to help resolve ABO discrepancies and potentially prevent ABO incompatibility in blood transfusion, thus minimizing transfusion reactions. The ABO blood group system includes phenotypes, or subgroups, that differ in the amount of A and B antigens present on the red blood cells (RBCs). These subgroups also differ in the A, B, or H substances present in secretions (for individuals who have the secretor phenotype). B subgroups are very rare and are less frequently reported than A subgroups. Usually, B subgroups are discovered during serologic testing when there is a discrepancy between RBC and serum grouping results. Subgroups of B are usually identified by a reference laboratory using molecular and adsorption-elution methods. This report details a case of a young, healthy, pregnant woman with a B subgroup detected by a small transfusion service using adsorption-elution methods. Serology and genotyping of the ABO gene was performed at a reference laboratory where the serology was consistent with a B subgroup, but no changes were identified in ABO gene sequencing. It is important to correctly identify B subgroups in donors and recipients to help resolve ABO discrepancies and potentially prevent ABO incompatibility in blood transfusion, thus minimizing transfusion reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Elardo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratories , NYU Langone Hospital-Brooklyn, 150 55th Street, Brooklyn , NY 11220
| | - N Elbadri
- Department of Pathology and Laboratories , NYU Langone Hospital-Brooklyn, Brooklyn , NY
| | - C Sanchez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratories , NYU Langone Hospital-Brooklyn, Brooklyn , NY
| | - V Powell
- Transfusion Services, Department of Pathology and Laboratories , NYU Langone Hospital-Tisch, New York , NY
| | - M Smaris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratories , NYU Langone Hospital-Brooklyn, Brooklyn , NY
| | - Y Li
- Clinical Laboratories, Perlmutter Cancer Center , Lake Success, Huntington, Rego Park, and NYU Langone Health, New York , NY
| | - J Jacobson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratories , Bellevue Hospital, New York , NY
| | - T Hilbert
- Transfusion Services, Department of Pathology and Laboratories , NYU Langone Hospital-Tisch, New York , NY
| | - T Hamilton
- Transfusion Services, Department of Pathology and Laboratories , NYU Langone Hospital-Tisch, New York , NY
| | - D W Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratories , NYU Langone Hospital-Brooklyn, Brooklyn , NY
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12
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Hamilton T, Walker J, Rusche WC, Smith ZK. 233 Effects of Harvest Maturity And/or Kernel Processing on Corn Silage Processing Score and Particle Size of Corn Silage. J Anim Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/skab054.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
A single corn hybrid was used to evaluate harvest maturity (Mat) and/or kernel processing (KP) effects on corn silage processing score (CSPS) and particle size (PS). Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial of 1) Mat (early and late) and 2) KP (no or yes). A single corn field was planted on April 27, 2020. There were 12 loads (experimental unit) per simple effect treatment mean. Data were analyzed as a completely randomized design. Early harvest occurred on August 28, 2020 [yield (as is) = 39.1 Mg/hectare; DM = 43.1%; CP, NDF, and starch = 6.5, 46.0, and 32.9%, respectively (DM basis)]. Late harvest occurred on September 9, 2020 [yield = 37.8 Mg/hectare (as is); DM = 49.2%; CP, NDF, and starch = 6.6, 49.8, and 37.5%, respectively (DM basis)]. The same equipment was used for both Mat with KP achieved by narrowing processing rollers. The CSPS was determined as the proportion of starch retained below a 4.75-mm sieve. Grain content (DM basis) of the corn silage was calculated from starch/0.72. Particle size was assessed using the Penn State Particle Separator. A Mat × KP interaction (P = 0.05) was detected for CSPS. Early/no and late/no had decreased (P ≤ 0.05) CSPS compared to early/yes and late/yes had the greatest CSPS (P ≤ 0.05) compared to others. Grain content was 13.9% greater in late compared to early (P = 0.01). A Mat × KP interaction (P = 0.03) was detected for PS. Early/no had the greatest (P ≤ 0.05) PS, early/yes and late/no were intermediate, and late/yes had decreased PS compared to others (P ≤ 0.05). These data indicate that Mat and KP influence CSPS synergistically. Producers should consider KP when corn silage is harvested at a later maturity to enhance CSPS.
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13
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Baghdadi O, Clark S, Ngo P, Yasuda J, Staffa S, Zendejas B, Hamilton T, Jennings R, Manfredi M. Initial Esophageal Anastomosis Diameter Predicts Treatment Outcomes in Esophageal Atresia Patients With a High Risk for Stricture Development. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:710363. [PMID: 34557459 PMCID: PMC8452953 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.710363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Children with esophageal atresia (EA) who undergo surgical repair are at risk for anastomotic stricture, which may need multiple dilations or surgical resection if the stricture proves refractory to endoscopic therapy. To date, no studies have assessed the predictive value of anastomotic diameter on long-term treatment outcomes. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between anastomotic diameter in the early postoperative period and need for frequent dilations and stricture resection within 1 year of surgical repair. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of patients who had EA repair or stricture resection (SR). Medical records were reviewed to evaluate the diameter of the anastomosis at the first endoscopy after surgery, number and timing of dilations needed to treat the anastomotic stricture, and need for stricture resection. A generalized estimating equations (GEE) modeling with a logit link and binomial family was done to analyze the relationship between initial endoscopic anastomosis diameter and the outcome of needing a stricture resection. Median regression was implemented to estimate the association between number of dilations needed based on initial diameter. Results: A total of 121 patients (56 females) with a history of EA (64% long-gap EA) were identified who either underwent Foker repair at 46% or stricture resection with end-to-end esophageal anastomosis at 54%. The first endoscopy occurred a median of 22 days after surgery. Among all cases, a narrower anastomoses were more likely to need stricture resection with an OR of 12.9 (95% CI, 3.52, 47; p < 0.001) in patients with an initial diameter of <3 mm. The number of dilations that patients underwent also decreased as anastomotic diameter increased. This observation showed a significant difference when comparing all diameter categories when looking at all surgeries taken as a whole (p < 0.008). Conclusion: Initial anastomotic diameter as assessed via endoscopy performed after high-risk EA repair predicts which patients will require more esophageal dilations as well as the likelihood for stricture resection. This data may serve to stratify patients into different endoscopic treatment plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Baghdadi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Osama Baghdadi
| | - Susannah Clark
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Peter Ngo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jessica Yasuda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Steven Staffa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Benjamin Zendejas
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Thomas Hamilton
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Russell Jennings
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michael Manfredi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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14
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Tan AD, Willemsma K, MacNeill A, DeVries K, Srikanthan A, McGahan C, Hamilton T, Li H, Blanke CD, Simmons CE. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors significantly improved survival outcomes in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumour: a multi-institutional cohort study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 27:e276-e282. [PMID: 32669934 DOI: 10.3747/co.27.5869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background The real-world impact of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (tkis) in clinical practice for gastrointestinal stromal tumour (gist) has not been extensively reported. We sought to assess how outcomes have changed over the eras and to evaluate the effect of access to imatinib and sunitinib on survival in patients with unresectable or metastatic gist in British Columbia. Methods Patients with metastatic or unresectable gist were allocated to one of three eras: pre-2002, 2002-2007, and post-2007 based on treatment availability (pre-imatinib, post-imatinib, and post-sunitinib). Overall survival (os) and progression-free survival (pfs) were compared between eras. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the effects of tumour, patient, and treatment characteristics on survival outcomes. Results Of 657 patients diagnosed with gist throughout British Columbia during 1996-2016, 196 had metastatic disease: 23 in the pre-imatinib era, 67 in the post-imatinib era, and 106 in the post-sunitinib era. A significant increase in os, by 53.6 months (p = 0.0007), and pfs, by 29.1 months (p = 0.044), was observed after the introduction of imatinib. The introduction of sunitinib did not significantly affect os or pfs. Conclusions Implementation of tkis has drastically improved survival outcomes for patients with metastatic gist by up to 4.55 years in the real-world setting. Our study demonstrates that implementation of tkis in clinical practice has outperformed their benefit predicted in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A MacNeill
- Surgical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC
| | - K DeVries
- Statistical Sciences, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC
| | | | - C McGahan
- Statistical Sciences, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC
| | - T Hamilton
- Surgical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC
| | - H Li
- Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC
| | - C D Blanke
- Medical Oncology, ohsu Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, U.S.A
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15
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Le DM, Ahmed S, Ahmed S, Brunet B, Davies J, Doll C, Ferguson M, Ginther N, Gordon V, Hamilton T, Hebbard P, Helewa R, Kim CA, Lee-Ying R, Lim H, Loree JM, McGhie JP, Mulder K, Park J, Renouf D, Wong RPW, Zaidi A, Asif T. Report from the 20th annual Western Canadian Gastrointestinal Cancer Consensus Conference; Saskatoon, Saskatchewan; 28-29 September 2018. Curr Oncol 2019; 26:e773-e784. [PMID: 31896948 PMCID: PMC6927778 DOI: 10.3747/co.26.5517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The 20th annual Western Canadian Gastrointestinal Cancer Consensus Conference was held in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, 28-29 September 2018. This interactive multidisciplinary conference is attended by health care professionals from across Western Canada (British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba) who are involved in the care of patients with gastrointestinal cancers. In addition, invited speakers from other provinces participate. Surgical, medical, and radiation oncologists, and allied health care professionals participated in presentations and discussion sessions for the purpose of developing the recommendations presented here. This consensus statement addresses current issues in the management of colorectal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Le
- Saskatoon Cancer Centre, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, Saskatoon, SK
| | - S Ahmed
- Saskatoon Cancer Centre, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, Saskatoon, SK
| | - S Ahmed
- CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB
| | - B Brunet
- Saskatoon Cancer Centre, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, Saskatoon, SK
| | | | - C Doll
- Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Alberta Health Services, AB
| | - M Ferguson
- Allan Blair Cancer Centre, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, Regina, SK
| | - N Ginther
- University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK
| | - V Gordon
- CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB
| | - T Hamilton
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | | | - R Helewa
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB
| | - C A Kim
- CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB
| | - R Lee-Ying
- Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Alberta Health Services, AB
| | | | | | | | - K Mulder
- Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB
| | - J Park
- CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB
| | | | | | - A Zaidi
- Saskatoon Cancer Centre, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, Saskatoon, SK
| | - T Asif
- Saskatoon Cancer Centre, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, Saskatoon, SK
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16
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Tannenbaum CS, Rayman PA, Pavicic PG, Kim JS, Wei W, Polefko A, Wallace W, Rini BI, Morris-Stiff G, Allende DS, Hamilton T, Finke JH, Diaz-Montero CM. Mediators of Inflammation-Driven Expansion, Trafficking, and Function of Tumor-Infiltrating MDSCs. Cancer Immunol Res 2019; 7:1687-1699. [PMID: 31439615 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-18-0578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are induced by and accumulate within many histologically distinct solid tumors, where they promote disease by secreting angiogenic and immunosuppressive molecules. Although IL1β can drive the generation, accumulation, and functional capacity of MDSCs, the specific IL1β-induced inflammatory mediators contributing to these activities remain incompletely defined. Here, we identified IL1β-induced molecules that expand, mobilize, and modulate the accumulation and angiogenic and immunosuppressive potencies of polymorphonuclear (PMN)-MDSCs. Unlike parental CT26 tumors, which recruited primarily monocytic (M)-MDSCs by constitutively expressing GM-CSF- and CCR2-directed chemokines, IL1β-transfected CT26 produced higher G-CSF, multiple CXC chemokines, and vascular adhesion molecules required for mediating infiltration of PMN-MDSCs with increased angiogenic and immunosuppressive properties. Conversely, CT26 tumors transfected with IL1β-inducible molecules could mobilize PMN-MDSCs, but because they lacked the ability to upregulate IL1β-inducible CXCR2-directed chemokines or vascular adhesion molecules, additional PMN-MDSCs could not infiltrate tumors. IL1β-expressing CT26 increased angiogenic and immunosuppressive factors of tumor-infiltrating MDSCs, as did CT26 tumors individually transfected with G-CSF, Bv8, CXCL1, or CXCL5, demonstrating that mediators downstream of IL1β could also modulate MDSC functional activity. Translational relevance was indicated by the finding that the same growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules responsible for the mobilization and recruitment of PMN-MDSCs into inflammatory CT26 murine tumors were also coordinately upregulated with increasing IL1β expression in human renal cell carcinoma tumors. These studies demonstrated that IL1β stimulated the components of a multifaceted inflammatory program that produces, mobilizes, chemoattracts, activates, and mediates the infiltration of PMN-MDSCs into inflammatory tumors to promote tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles S Tannenbaum
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Patricia A Rayman
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Paul G Pavicic
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jin Sub Kim
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Wei Wei
- Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Alexandra Polefko
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Wesley Wallace
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Brian I Rini
- Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | | | - Thomas Hamilton
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - James H Finke
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - C Marcela Diaz-Montero
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
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17
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Zhang L, Pavicic PG, Datta S, Song Q, Xu X, Wei W, Su F, Rayman PA, Zhao C, Hamilton T. Unfolded Protein Response Differentially Regulates TLR4-Induced Cytokine Expression in Distinct Macrophage Populations. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1390. [PMID: 31293572 PMCID: PMC6598306 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular stress responses are often engaged at sites of inflammation and can alter macrophage cytokine production. We now report that macrophages in distinct states of differentiation or in different temporal stages of inflammatory response exhibit differential sensitivity to cell stress mediated alterations in M1-like polarized inflammatory cytokine production. Tunicamycin (Tm) treatment of bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDM) cultured with M-CSF cultured bone marrow derived macrophages (M-BMDM) had markedly amplified M1-like responses to LPS, exhibiting higher levels of IL12p40 and IL12p35 mRNAs while BMDM cultured with GM-CSF, which normally express high IL12 subunit production in response to LPS, were relatively unaltered. Anti-inflammatory IL10 mRNA production in LPS-stimulated M-BMDM was greatly reduced by cell stress. These changes in cytokine mRNA levels resulted from altered rates of transcription and mRNA decay. Stress also altered cytokine protein production. Resident liver macrophages isolated from mice treated with Tm showed elevated levels of IL12 subunit mRNA production following LPS stimulation. Furthermore, macrophages infiltrating the liver during the early phase of acetaminophen injury (24 h) had little stress-mediated change in cytokine mRNA production while cells isolated in the later phase (48–72 h) exhibited higher sensitivity for stress elevated cytokine production. Hence cultured macrophages developed using different growth/differentiation factors and macrophages from different temporal stages of injury in vivo show markedly different sensitivity to cell stress for altered inflammatory cytokine production. These findings suggest that cellular stress can be an important modulator of the magnitude and character of myeloid inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Paul G Pavicic
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Shyamasree Datta
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Qiaoling Song
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaohan Xu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Wei
- School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fan Su
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Patricia A Rayman
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Thomas Hamilton
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
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18
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Lawlor C, Smithers CJ, Hamilton T, Baird C, Rahbar R, Choi S, Jennings R. Innovative management of severe tracheobronchomalacia using anterior and posterior tracheobronchopexy. Laryngoscope 2019; 130:E65-E74. [PMID: 30908672 DOI: 10.1002/lary.27938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Combined anterior and posterior tracheobronchopexy is a novel surgical approach for the management of severe tracheobronchomalacia (TBM). We present our institutional experience with this procedure. Our objective was to determine the utility and safety of anterior and posterior tracheopexy in the treatment of severe TBM. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective chart review. METHODS All patients who underwent anterior and posterior tracheopexy from January 2013 to July 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Charts were reviewed for indications, preoperative work-up, tracheobronchomalacia classification and severity, procedure, associated syndromes, synchronous upper aerodigestive tract lesions, and aberrant thoracic vessels. Main outcomes measured included improvement in respiratory symptoms, successful extubation and/or decannulation, vocal fold immobility, and new tracheotomy placement. RESULTS Twenty-five patients underwent anterior and posterior tracheopexy at a mean age of 15.8 months (range, 2-209 months; mean, 31 months if 2 outliers of 206 and 209 months included). Mean length of follow-up was 26.8 months (range, 13-52 months). Indications for surgery included apneic events, ventilator dependence, need for positive pressure ventilation, tracheotomy dependence secondary to TBM, recurrent pneumonia, and exercise intolerance. Many patients had other underlying syndromes and synchronous upper aerodigestive tract lesions (8 VACTERL, 2 CHARGE, 1 trisomy 21, 1 Feingold syndrome, 17 esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula, 20 cardiac/great vessel anomalies, 1 subglottic stenosis, 1 laryngomalacia, 7 laryngeal cleft). At preoperative bronchoscopy, 21 of 25 patients had >90% collapse of at least one segment of their trachea, and the remaining four had 70% to 90% collapse. Following anterior and posterior tracheopexy, one patient developed new bilateral vocal-fold immobility; one patient with a preoperative left cord paralysis had a new right vocal-fold immobility. Postoperatively, most patients had significant improvement in their respiratory symptoms (21 of 25, 84%) at most recent follow-up. Three patients with preexisting tracheotomy were decannulated; two patients still had a tracheotomy at last follow-up. Two patients required new tracheotomy for bilateral vocal-fold immobility. CONCLUSIONS Combined anterior and posterior tracheopexy is a promising new technique for the surgical management of severe TBM. Further experience and longer follow-up are needed to validate this contemporary approach and to minimize the risk of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 Laryngoscope, 130:E65-E74, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Lawlor
- Department of Otolaryngology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | | | - Thomas Hamilton
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Christopher Baird
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Reza Rahbar
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Sukgi Choi
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Russell Jennings
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
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19
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Lin L, Rayman P, Pavicic PG, Tannenbaum C, Hamilton T, Montero A, Ko J, Gastman B, Finke J, Ernstoff M, Diaz-Montero CM. Ex vivo conditioning with IL-12 protects tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells from negative regulation by local IFN-γ. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 68:395-405. [PMID: 30552459 PMCID: PMC6428620 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-018-2280-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Optimal ex vivo expansion protocols for adoptive cell therapy (ACT) must yield T cells able to effectively home to tumors and survive the inhospitable conditions of the tumor microenvironment (TME), while simultaneously exerting persistent anti-tumor effector functions. Our previous work has shown that ex vivo activation in the presence of IL-12 can induce optimal expansion of murine CD8+ T cells, thus resulting in significant tumor regression after ACT mostly via sustained secretion of IFN-γ. In this report, we further elucidate the mechanism of this potency, showing that IL-12 additionally counteracts the negative regulatory effects of autocrine IFN-γ. IL-12 not only downregulates PD-1 expression by T cells, thus minimizing the effects of IFN-γ-induced PD-L1 upregulation by tumor stromal cells, but also inhibits IFNγR2 expression, thereby protecting T cells from IFN-γ-induced cell death. Thus, the enhanced anti-tumor activity of CD8+ T cells expanded ex vivo in the presence of IL-12 is due not only to the ability of IL-12-stimulated cells to secrete sustained levels of IFN-γ, but also to the additional capacity of IL-12 to counter the negative regulatory effects of autocrine IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Patricia Rayman
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue NE40, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Paul G Pavicic
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue NE40, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Charles Tannenbaum
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue NE40, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Thomas Hamilton
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue NE40, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Alberto Montero
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer Ko
- Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Brian Gastman
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Dermatology and Plastic Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - James Finke
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue NE40, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Marc Ernstoff
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - C Marcela Diaz-Montero
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue NE40, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
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Duplessis C, Biswas B, Hanisch B, Perkins M, Henry M, Quinones J, Wolfe D, Estrella L, Hamilton T. Refractory Pseudomonas Bacteremia in a 2-Year-Old Sterilized by Bacteriophage Therapy. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2018; 7:253-256. [PMID: 28992111 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/pix056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report a complex case that involved a pediatric patient who experienced recalcitrant multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection complicated by bacteremia/sepsis; our antibacterial options were limited because of resistance, allergies, and suboptimal source control. A cocktail of 2 bacteriophages targeting the infectious organism introduced on 2 separate occasions sterilized the bacteremia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Duplessis
- Enteric Disease Department, Infectious Disease Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - B Biswas
- Biological Defense Research Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Fort Detrick, Maryland.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - B Hanisch
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC.,Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - M Perkins
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - M Henry
- Biological Defense Research Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Fort Detrick, Maryland
| | - J Quinones
- Biological Defense Research Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Fort Detrick, Maryland
| | - D Wolfe
- Biological Defense Research Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Fort Detrick, Maryland
| | - L Estrella
- Biological Defense Research Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Fort Detrick, Maryland
| | - T Hamilton
- Biological Defense Research Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Fort Detrick, Maryland
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Aslam S, Yung G, Dan J, Reed S, LeFebvre M, Logan C, Taplitz R, Law N, Golts E, Afshar K, Lehman S, Morales S, Furr C, Rosas F, Gaidamaka A, Bilinsky I, Grint P, Biswas B, Duplessis C, Hamilton T, Schooley R. Bacteriophage Treatment in a Lung Transplant Recipient. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Lin L, Pavicic PG, Rayman PA, Tannenbaum C, Rini BI, Hamilton T, Finke J, Diaz-Montero CM. Accumulation of tumor infiltrating myeloid-derived suppressor cells associates with changes in the immune landscape of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.36.6_suppl.655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
655 Background: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are capable of inducing profound immune suppression of anti-tumor T cell responses. Here we examined the ability of intratumoral MDSC accumulation to alter the immune landscape of RCC and to identify the factors involved. Methods: Using flow cytometry, 41 clear cell RCC nephrectomy samples were assessed for their total MDSC infiltrate and the percentage of granulocytic (PMN-MDSC) or monocytic (M-MDSC) subsets. RNA isolated from these tumor samples and 4 non-tumor samples was also evaluated for expression levels of immune-related genes using a Nanostring PanCancer immune panel. A multiple linear regression model was used to identify which immune-related genes might be significantly associated with PMN-MDSC intratumoral accumulation. Log-Rank test was used for comparison of survival curves. Results: Genes encoding cytokines, cancer-testis antigens, interleukins, and T cell function were differentially expressed by clear cell RCC and the non-tumor samples. The transcription of 55 immune-related genes was significantly associated (FDR adjusted p < 0.05) with PMN-MDSC infiltration, including mediators of MDSC recruitment such as CXCL1, CXCL3, CXCL5, CXCR2, IL8, LIF, S100A8, CSF3R, and CCR3, and molecules governing MDSC expansion and function such as IL10, C/EBPB, CD44, COX2, and NFATC3. When a statistically significant 10 gene signature was analyzed in the context of patient survival using the TCGA database of clear cell RCC patients (n = 945), a strong association between the expression of these genes and reduced survival was observed. Moreover, this association seemed to be additive, with expression of 7-10 of these genes correlating with poorer survival when compared to patients expressing 3 or less (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Consistent with previous studies defining the immunoregulatory role of MDSCs, these results suggest that MDSC accumulation can alter the inflammatory state of the tumor, and indicate that mediators associated with the function of PMN-MDSCs can have a negative impact on outcome. Mechanistic studies aimed at identifying the functionally relevant mediators are ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, US
| | - Paul G Pavicic
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | | | | | - Brian I. Rini
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | | | - James Finke
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
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Thiman J, Northrup N, Saba C, Clarke D, Regan R, Hamilton T, Lindell H, Hofmeister E. Prospective evaluation of the safety of compounded bulk material L-asparaginase in dogs with lymphoma. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2016; 39:572-577. [PMID: 27086733 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Use of compounded L-asparaginase became routine in veterinary oncology when manufacturing of Elspar® was discontinued in 2012. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety of compounded L-asparaginase (CLASP, KRS Global Biotechnology, Boca Raton, FL, USA) in comparison with Elspar® (Lundbeck LLC, Deerfield, IL, USA). In addition, we documented the response to CLASP in combination with a corticosteroid in this population of dogs with lymphoma. Dogs were prospectively treated with 10 000 IU/m2 CLASP or Elspar® subcutaneously. Corticosteroids were administered concurrently. Adverse events (AE) were assessed according to the Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v1.1 (VCOG-CTCAE). Response was recorded. Seventy-three dogs received 75 treatments (CLASP, n = 47; Elspar® , n = 28). No AE were attributed to CLASP. Grade I and II AE probably or possibly related to treatment were observed following two Elspar® treatments. The overall response rate to the combination of CLASP and a corticosteroid was 80% (24% CR and 56% PR). In combination with a steroid, the compounded L-asparaginase evaluated in this study is safe and demonstrates activity against canine lymphoma. In the face of the discontinuation of Elspar® , veterinarians should seek compounded LASP products that have been tested for activity, purity, and sterility.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Thiman
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - N Northrup
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
| | - C Saba
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - D Clarke
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - R Regan
- Bluepearl Georgia Veterinary Specialists, Sandy Springs, GA, USA
| | - T Hamilton
- Bluepearl Georgia Veterinary Specialists, Sandy Springs, GA, USA
| | - H Lindell
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - E Hofmeister
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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Najjar YG, Rayman P, Jia X, Pavicic PG, Rini BI, Tannenbaum C, Ko J, Haywood S, Cohen P, Hamilton T, Diaz-Montero CM, Finke J. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Subset Accumulation in Renal Cell Carcinoma Parenchyma Is Associated with Intratumoral Expression of IL1β, IL8, CXCL5, and Mip-1α. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:2346-2355. [PMID: 27799249 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-1823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Little is known about the association between myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) subsets and various chemokines in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) or the factors that draw MDSC into tumor parenchyma.Experimental Design: We analyzed polymorphonuclear MDSC (PMN-MDSC), monocytic MDSC (M-MDSC), and immature MDSC (I-MDSC) from the parenchyma and peripheral blood of 48 patients with RCC, isolated at nephrectomy. We analyzed levels of IL1β, IL8, CXCL5, Mip-1α, MCP-1, and Rantes. Furthermore, we performed experiments in a Renca murine model to assess therapeutic synergy between CXCR2 and anti-PD1 and to elucidate the impact of IL1β blockade on MDSC.Results: Parenchymal PMN-MDSC have a positive correlation with IL1β, IL8, CXCL5, and Mip-1α, and I-MDSC correlate with IL8 and CXCL5. Furthermore, peripheral PMN-MDSC correlate with tumor grade. Given that PMN-MDSC express CXCR2 and parenchymal PMN-MDSC correlated with IL8 and CXCL5, we assessed the response of CXCR2 blockade with or without anti-PD1. Combination therapy reduced tumor weight and enhanced CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell infiltration. In addition, anti-IL1β decreased PMN-MDSC and M-MDSC in the periphery, PMN-MDSC in the tumor, and peripheral CXCL5 and KC. Anti-IL1β also delayed tumor growth.Conclusions: Parenchymal PMN-MDSC have a positive correlation with IL1β, IL8, CXCL5, and Mip-1α, suggesting they may attract PMN-MDSC into the tumor. Peripheral PMN-MDSC correlate with tumor grade, suggesting prognostic significance. Anti-CXCR2 and anti-PD1 synergized to reduce tumor weight and enhanced CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell infiltration in a Renca murine model, suggesting that CXCR2+ PMN-MDSC are important in reducing activity of anti-PD1 antibody. Finally, anti-IL1β decreases MDSC and delayed tumor growth, suggesting a potential target for MDSC inhibition. Clin Cancer Res; 23(9); 2346-55. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana G Najjar
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institite, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Patricia Rayman
- Department of Immunology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Xuefei Jia
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Paul G Pavicic
- Department of Immunology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Brian I Rini
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Jennifer Ko
- Pathology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Samuel Haywood
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Peter Cohen
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Thomas Hamilton
- Department of Immunology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - James Finke
- Department of Immunology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
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Hamilton T, Colm S, Roser S. Surgical Planning and Stent Fabrication Using Low Cost 3D Printing for Failed Mandibular Implant Replacement. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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26
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Hamilton T, Abramowicz S, Patterson J, Ingram W, Hodge J, Williams R. 14 Year Review: Characterization and Prevalence of Isolated Head and Neck Burns. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2016.06.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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27
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Ren R, Koti M, Hamilton T, Graham CH, Nayak JG, Singh J, Drachenberg DE, Siemens DR. A primer on tumour immunology and prostate cancer immunotherapy. Can Urol Assoc J 2016; 10:60-5. [PMID: 26977209 DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.3418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
No abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Runhan Ren
- Department of Urology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Madhuri Koti
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Thomas Hamilton
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Charles H Graham
- Department of Urology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada;; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Jasmir G Nayak
- Section of Urology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jas Singh
- Section of Urology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | - D Robert Siemens
- Department of Urology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada;; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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Hamilton T, Sathyamoorthy M. A Case of Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome: Anesthetic Challenges. J Miss State Med Assoc 2016; 57:6-8. [PMID: 27111982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Patients with Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome (FSS) often need multiple surgical procedures. We present a case of FSS and discuss the anesthetic challenges associated with the case. CASE PRESENTATION A 10-week-old female with FSS presented for elective Nissen fundoplication and gastrostomy tube insertion. She had a history of difficult intubation at birth. General anesthesia with inhalational anesthetic and spontaneous respirations technique was used. Fiber optic bronchoscope (FOB)-assisted nasal intubation was successful after failed attempts with a Miller blade, GlideScope, and intubation through a laryngeal mask airway (LMA). She did not exhibit any signs of malignant hyperthermia (MH) during or immediately after the procedure. DISCUSSION Challenges to the anesthesiologist in a case with FSS include establishing IV access, intubating the trachea, risk of MH and MH-like symptoms, and postoperative pulmonary complications. Proper multidisciplinary preoperative planning is essential for optimum care of these patients, preferably in a tertiary care center.
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Datta S, Barrera N, Pavicic PG, Zhao C, Freeman M, Min B, Hamilton T. cEBP Homologous Protein Expression in Macrophages Regulates the Magnitude and Duration of IL-6 Expression and Dextran Sodium Sulfate Colitis. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2015; 35:785-94. [PMID: 26134251 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2014.0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular stress enhances inflammatory cytokine gene expression by inducing cEBP homologous protein (CHOP). Engaging cell stress via thapsigargin induced CHOP and selectively prolonged lipopolysaccharide-stimulated interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression in bone marrow-derived macrophages from wild-type (WT) but not CHOP knockout (KO) mice. To determine the impact of this mechanism in vivo we employed dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in irradiated mice reconstituted with bone marrow from WT or CHOP KO mice. WT recipients of CHOP KO bone marrow exhibited more rapid recovery from disease than did mice reconstituted with WT bone marrow as reflected in increased survival, reduced clinical scores, and colonic histopathology. No differences in mesenteric lymph node cell populations were observed between mice with WT or CHOP KO bone marrow during colitis. CD11b(+) macrophages infiltrating the lamina propria were, however, reduced in DSS-treated mice reconstituted with CHOP KO bone marrow. CHOP expression was observed within the infiltrating inflammatory CD11b(+) macrophages. Furthermore, IL-6 expression within the inflamed colon was significantly lower in mice with CHOP-deficient bone marrow. Our findings indicate that CHOP expression in myeloid cells plays an important role in determining the magnitude and duration of inflammatory response in vivo by modulating expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 in infiltrating macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyamasree Datta
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation , Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Natilibeth Barrera
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation , Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Paul G Pavicic
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation , Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation , Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Michael Freeman
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation , Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Booki Min
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation , Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Thomas Hamilton
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation , Cleveland, Ohio
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Moniodis A, Hamilton T, Racila E, Cockrill B, McCunney R. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis in a high school teacher. Occup Med (Lond) 2015; 65:598-600. [DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqv092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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31
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Kicenuik K, Northrup N, Dawson A, Locke J, Villamil JA, Chretin J, Sfiligoi G, Clifford C, Rosenberg M, Hamilton T, Regan R, Parsons-Doherty M, Mallett C, Philibert J, Impellizeri J, Hofmeister E. Treatment time, ease of use and cost associated with use of Equashield™, PhaSeal ® , or no closed system transfer device for administration of cancer chemotherapy to a dog model. Vet Comp Oncol 2015; 15:163-173. [PMID: 25864458 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This prospective experimental simulation study evaluated the efficiency, ease of use (EOU) and cost of administering chemotherapy with two closed system transfer devices (CSTD, Equashield™ and PhaSeal® ) and no CSTD. Forty-six veterinary technicians (VT) working in oncology specialty practices were timed during chemotherapy administration simulated with water and a model canine limb 10 times with each system and with no CSTD. EOU and likelihood of recommending each system were rated by VT using visual analog scales. Costs were obtained from veterinary distributors. Administration was fastest with Equashield™ (P = 0.0003), but the difference was not enough to affect case flow. Equashield™ was easier to use than PhaSeal® or no CSTD (P = 0.002), however VT recommended both CSTD more strongly than no CSTD (P < 0.0001). Equashield™ cost less than PhaSeal® but was sold only in bulk quantities. CSTD did not decrease efficiency in administering chemotherapy and were readily accepted by VT.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kicenuik
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - N Northrup
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - A Dawson
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - J Locke
- Southeast Veterinary Oncology, Orange Park, FL, USA
| | - J A Villamil
- Animal Cancer Care Clinic, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - J Chretin
- VCA West Los Angeles Animal Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - G Sfiligoi
- Wheat Ridge Animal Hospital, Wheat Ridge, CO, USA
| | - C Clifford
- Hope Veterinary Specialists, Malvern, PA, USA
| | - M Rosenberg
- Veterinary Cancer Group, Woodland Hills, CA, USA
| | - T Hamilton
- BluePearl Georgia Veterinary Specialists, Sandy Springs, GA, USA
| | - R Regan
- BluePearl Georgia Veterinary Specialists, Sandy Springs, GA, USA
| | - M Parsons-Doherty
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Guelph Ontario Veterinary College, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Mallett
- Columbia River Veterinary Specialists, Vancouver, WA, USA
| | - J Philibert
- Portland Veterinary Specialists, Portland, ME, USA
| | - J Impellizeri
- Veterinary Oncology Services, NY, Middletown, NY, USA
| | - E Hofmeister
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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Hamilton T, Burritt E, Villalba J. Assessing the impact of supplements, food aversions, and silica on medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae (L.) Nevski) use by sheep. Small Rumin Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Middleton KK, Hamilton T, Irrgang JJ, Karlsson J, Harner CD, Fu FH. Anatomic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction: a global perspective. Part 1. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2014; 22:1467-82. [PMID: 24497054 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-014-2846-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In August 2011, orthopaedic surgeons from more than 20 countries attended a summit on anatomic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The summit offered a unique opportunity to discuss current concepts, approaches, and techniques in the field of ACL reconstruction among leading surgeons in the field. METHODS Five panels (with 36 panellists) were conducted on key issues in ACL surgery: anatomic ACL reconstruction, rehabilitation and return to activity following anatomic ACL reconstruction, failure after ACL reconstruction, revision anatomic ACL reconstruction, and partial ACL injuries and ACL augmentation. Panellists' responses were secondarily collected using an online survey. RESULTS Thirty-six panellists (35 surgeons and 1 physical therapist) sat on at least one panel. Of the 35 surgeons surveyed, 22 reported performing "anatomic" ACL reconstructions. The preferred graft choice was hamstring tendon autograft (53.1 %) followed by bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft (22.8 %), allograft (13.5 %), and quadriceps tendon autograft (10.6 %). Patients generally returned to play after an average of 6 months, with return to full competition after an average of 8 months. ACL reconstruction "failure" was defined by 12 surgeons as instability and pathological laxity on examination, a need for revision, and/or evidence of tear on magnetic resonance imaging. The average percentage of patients meeting the criteria for "failure" was 8.2 %. CONCLUSIONS These data summarize the results of five panels on anatomic ACL reconstruction. The most popular graft choice among surgeons for primary ACL reconstructions is hamstring tendon autograft, with allograft being used most frequently employed in revision cases. Nearly half of the surgeons surveyed performed both single- and double-bundle ACL reconstructions depending on certain criteria. Regardless of the technique regularly employed, there was unanimous support among surgeons for the use of "anatomic" reconstructions using bony and soft tissue remnant landmarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Middleton
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Kaufman Medical Building, Suite 1011, 3941 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA
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Mulvaney CA, Watson MC, Hamilton T, Errington G. Delivery of a national home safety equipment scheme in England: a survey of local scheme leaders. Perspect Public Health 2013; 133:314-9. [DOI: 10.1177/1757913913490489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Unintentional home injuries sustained by preschool children are a major cause of morbidity in the UK. Home safety equipment schemes may reduce home injury rates. In 2009, the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents was appointed as central coordinator of a two-year, £18m national home safety equipment scheme in England. This paper reports the findings from a national survey of all scheme leaders responsible for local scheme delivery. Methods: A questionnaire mailed to all local scheme leaders sought details of how the schemes were operated locally; barriers and facilitators to scheme implementation; evaluation of the local scheme and its sustainability. Results: A response rate of 73% was achieved. Health visitors and family support workers played a key role in both the identification of eligible families and performing home safety checks. The majority of local scheme leaders (94.6%) reported that they thought their local scheme had been successful in including those families considered ‘harder to engage’. Many scheme leaders (72.4%) reported that they had evaluated the provision of safety equipment in their scheme and over half (56.6%) stated that they would not be able to continue the scheme once funding ceased. Conclusions: Local schemes need support to effectively evaluate their scheme and to seek sustainability funding to ensure the future of the scheme. There remains a lack of evidence of whether the provision of home safety equipment reduces injuries in preschool children.
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Affiliation(s)
- CA Mulvaney
- Senior Research Fellow, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - MC Watson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, UK
| | - T Hamilton
- School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, UK
| | - G Errington
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, UK
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Datta S, Barrera N, Pavicic P, Zhao C, Novotny M, Hamilton T. 62. Cytokine 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Watson MC, Errington G, Hamilton T, Mulvaney C, Smith S, Binley S, Coupland C, Kendrick D, Walsh P. EVALUATION OF A NATIONAL HOME SAFETY EQUIPMENT SCHEME. Inj Prev 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040580d.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Hamilton T, Nedialkov N, Wierzbicki M. Poster - Thur Eve - 65: Optimization of an automatic image contouring system for radiation therapy. Med Phys 2012; 39:4637. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4740173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Hamilton T, Li X, Novotny M, Pavicic PG, Datta S, Zhao C, Hartupee J, Sun D. Cell type- and stimulus-specific mechanisms for post-transcriptional control of neutrophil chemokine gene expression. J Leukoc Biol 2011; 91:377-83. [PMID: 22167720 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0811404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
mRNAs encoding inflammatory chemokines that recruit neutrophils frequently exhibit short half-lives that serve to limit their expression under inappropriate conditions but are often prolonged to ensure adequate levels during inflammatory response. Extracellular stimuli that modulate the stability of such mRNAs may be the same as the transcriptional activator, as is the case with TLR ligands, or may cooperate with independent transcriptional stimuli, as with IL-17, which extends the half-life of TNF-induced transcripts. These different stimuli engage independent signaling pathways that target different instability mechanisms distinguished by dependence on different regulatory nucleotide sequence motifs within the 3'UTRs, which involve that action of different mRNA-binding proteins. The selective use of these pathways by different stimuli and in distinct cell populations provides the potential for tailoring of chemokine expression patterns to meet specific needs in different pathophysiologic circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hamilton
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44195-0001, USA.
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Bulek K, Liu C, Swaidani S, Wang L, Page RC, Gulen MF, Herjan T, Abbadi A, Qian W, Sun D, Lauer M, Hascall V, Misra S, Chance M, Aronica M, Hamilton T, Li X. CS10-3. IKKi is required for interleukin 17-dependent signaling associated with neutrophilia and pulmonary inflammation. Cytokine 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2011.07.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Sun D, Novotny M, Bulek K, Liu C, Li X, Hamilton T. Treatment with IL-17 prolongs the half-life of chemokine CXCL1 mRNA via the adaptor TRAF5 and the splicing-regulatory factor SF2 (ASF). Nat Immunol 2011; 12:853-60. [PMID: 21822258 PMCID: PMC3597344 DOI: 10.1038/ni.2081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin 17 (IL-17) promotes the expression of chemokines and cytokines via the induction of gene transcription and post-transcriptional stabilization of mRNA. We show here that IL-17 enhanced the stability of chemokine CXCL1 mRNA and other mRNAs through a pathway that involved the adaptor Act1, the adaptors TRAF2 or TRAF5 and the splicing factor SF2 (also known as alternative splicing factor (ASF)). TRAF2 and TRAF5 were necessary for IL-17 to signal the stabilization of CXCL1 mRNA. Furthermore, IL-17 promoted the formation of complexes of TRAF5-TRAF2, Act1 and SF2 (ASF). Overexpression of SF2 (ASF) shortened the half-life of CXCL1 mRNA, whereas depletion of SF2 (ASF) prolonged it. SF2 (ASF) bound chemokine mRNA in unstimulated cells, whereas the SF2 (ASF)-mRNA interaction was much lower after stimulation with IL-17. Our findings define an IL-17-induced signaling pathway that links to the stabilization of selected mRNA species through Act1, TRAF2-TRAF5 and the RNA-binding protein SF2 (ASF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Sun
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Bulek K, Liu C, Swaidani S, Wang L, Page RC, Gulen MF, Herjan T, Abbadi A, Qian W, Sun D, Lauer M, Hascall V, Misra S, Chance MR, Aronica M, Hamilton T, Li X. The inducible kinase IKKi is required for IL-17-dependent signaling associated with neutrophilia and pulmonary inflammation. Nat Immunol 2011; 12:844-52. [PMID: 21822257 DOI: 10.1038/ni.2080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin 17 (IL-17) is critical in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Here we report that Act1, the key adaptor for the IL-17 receptor (IL-7R), formed a complex with the inducible kinase IKKi after stimulation with IL-17. Through the use of IKKi-deficient mice, we found that IKKi was required for IL-17-induced expression of genes encoding inflammatory molecules in primary airway epithelial cells, neutrophilia and pulmonary inflammation. IKKi deficiency abolished IL-17-induced formation of the complex of Act1 and the adaptors TRAF2 and TRAF5, activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and mRNA stability, whereas the Act1-TRAF6-transcription factor NF-κB axis was retained. IKKi was required for IL-17-induced phosphorylation of Act1 on Ser311, adjacent to a putative TRAF-binding motif. Substitution of the serine at position 311 with alanine impaired the IL-17-mediated Act1-TRAF2-TRAF5 interaction and gene expression. Thus, IKKi is a kinase newly identified as modulating IL-17 signaling through its effect on Act1 phosphorylation and consequent function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Bulek
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Sun D, Novotny M, Hamilton T. PS1-59 IL-1 and IL17 control CXCL1 mRNA stability via TRAF2/TRAF5 and the splicing factor SF2/ASF. Cytokine 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2010.07.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hamilton T, Novotny M, Pavicic PJ, Herjan T, Hartupee J, Sun D, Zhao C, Datta S. Diversity in post-transcriptional control of neutrophil chemoattractant cytokine gene expression. Cytokine 2010; 52:116-22. [PMID: 20430641 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2010.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Accepted: 04/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of neutrophil chemokine gene expression represents an important feature in tissue inflammation. While chemokine gene transcription through the action of NFkappaB is recognized as an essential component of this process, it is now clear that post-transcriptional mechanisms, particularly the rates of decay of mature cytoplasmic mRNA, provides an essential component of this control. Chemokine and other cytokine mRNA half life is known to be controlled via adenine-uridine rich sequence motifs localized within 3' untranslated regions (UTRs), the most common of which contains one or more copies of the pentameric AUUUA sequence. In myeloid cells AUUUA sequences confer instability through the action of RNA binding proteins such as tristetraprolin (TTP). The resulting instability can be regulated in response to extra-cellular stimuli including Toll like receptor ligands that signal to control the function of TTP through pathways involving the activation of p38 MAP kinases. Recent findings indicate that substantial mechanistic diversity is operative in non-myeloid cells in response to alternate pro-inflammatory stimuli such as IL-17. These pathways target distinct instability sequences that do not contain the AUUUA pentamer motif, do not signal through p38 MAPK, and function independently of TTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hamilton
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
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Zhao C, Datta S, Mandal P, Xu S, Hamilton T. Stress-sensitive regulation of IFRD1 mRNA decay is mediated by an upstream open reading frame. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:8552-62. [PMID: 20080976 PMCID: PMC2838277 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.070920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In this report, we demonstrate that cellular stress regulates expression of IFRD1 by a post-transcriptional control mechanism. IFRD1 mRNA and protein are elevated in tunicamycin-treated human kidney epithelial cells via stabilization of the mRNA. IFRD1 mRNA instability in resting cells requires translation of an upstream open reading frame (ORF) that represses translation of the major ORF. During stress response, the mRNA is stabilized via inhibition of translational initiation mediated by phosphorylated eIF2alpha. Translation of the major ORF of IFRD1 involves both leaky scanning at the upstream AUG codon and re-initiation at the major AUG codon and is not altered during stress. Finally, the instability mechanism depends upon UPF1, suggesting that it is related to nonsense-mediated decay. Importantly, the sequence and length of the upstream ORF are critical but do not need to code for a specific peptide. Moreover the sequence environment of the upstream ORF termination site is not an essential feature of instability. These features of decay collectively define a distinct upstream ORF-mediated instability mechanism whereby cellular stress can modulate specific gene expression through alteration of mRNA half-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
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Navidi M, Hamilton T, Sadideen H, Mihai R. Imaging in Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis Delays Surgery and Increases Morbidity. Int J Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2010.07.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Datta S, Novotny M, Pavicic PG, Zhao C, Herjan T, Hartupee J, Hamilton T. IL-17 regulates CXCL1 mRNA stability via an AUUUA/tristetraprolin-independent sequence. J Immunol 2009; 184:1484-91. [PMID: 20042592 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0902423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
IL-17 contributes to inflammatory response in part by promoting enhanced expression of chemokines, such as CXCL1, by prolonging the t(1/2) of this constitutively unstable mRNA. Although IL-17 is a weak stimulus for transcription of the CXCL1 gene, it strongly potentiates message accumulation via stabilization when the mRNA is transcribed in cells stimulated with TNF. In myeloid cells, LPS-induced CXCL1 mRNA stabilization is dependent on AUUUA-containing sequence motifs that are recognized by the RNA binding protein tristetraprolin (TTP). Using deletion and site-specific mutagenesis, we report that IL-17-mediated stabilization of CXCL1 mRNA in nonmyeloid cells depends on a sequence that does not contain the AUUUA motif. Furthermore, a specific two-nucleotide mutation within this region markedly abrogates sensitivity for IL-17-mediated stabilization. Consistent with this finding, the IL-17-sensitive sequence does not exhibit increased instability in the presence of TTP, and CXCL1 mRNA remains unstable and can be stabilized in response to treatment with IL-17 in embryo fibroblasts from mice in which the TTP gene has been deleted. Whereas the RNA binding protein KSRP has been shown to participate in regulating the instability of human CXCL8 mRNA, inhibitory RNA-based reduction in KSRP does not effect the instability mediated by the IL-17-sensitive sequence motif. These findings suggest that IL-17-mediated chemokine mRNA stabilization in nonmyeloid cells uses a mechanism that is distinct from that operating to control AU-rich mRNA stability in myeloid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyamasree Datta
- Department of Immunology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Abbey J, Sacre S, Palk E, Oxlade D, Marshall J, Tierney E, Hassall S, Huston D, Carlson L, Fraser N, Hamilton T. Trial of multidimensional in‐home intervention to support carers of people living with dementia. Alzheimers Dement 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2009.05.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Abbey
- Queensland University of TechnologyKelvin GroveQLDAustralia
| | - S. Sacre
- Queensland University of TechnologyKelvin GroveQLDAustralia
| | - E. Palk
- Queensland University of TechnologyKelvin GroveQLDAustralia
| | - D. Oxlade
- Returned Services League CareFortitude ValleyQLDAustralia
| | - J. Marshall
- Returned Services League CareFortitude ValleyQLDAustralia
| | - E. Tierney
- Returned Services League CareFortitude ValleyQLDAustralia
| | | | | | - L. Carlson
- Home And Community Care (HACC)QLDAustralia
| | - N. Fraser
- Queensland University of TechnologyKelvin GroveQLDAustralia
| | - T. Hamilton
- Queensland University of TechnologyKelvin GroveQLDAustralia
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Wan Y, Xiao H, Affolter J, Kim TW, Bulek K, Chaudhuri S, Carlson D, Hamilton T, Mazumder B, Stark GR, Thomas J, Li X. Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 2 is critical for lipopolysaccharide-mediated post-transcriptional control. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:10367-75. [PMID: 19224918 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m807822200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
IRAK2, a member of the interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) family, has been implicated in Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated signaling. We generated IRAK2-deficient mice to examine its function in detail. These mice are resistant to lipopolysaccharide-induced septic shock, because of impaired TLR4-mediated induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Although IRAK2 deficiency did not affect TLR4-mediated NFkappaB activation, a reduction of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated mRNA stabilization contributed to the reduced cytokine and chemokine production observed in bone marrow-derived macrophages from IRAK2-deficient mice. Furthermore, the ratios of LPS-induced cytokine and chemokine mRNAs in translation-active (polysomal) versus translation-inactive (free ribosomes) pools were reduced in IRAK2-deficient macrophages compared with wild type macrophages. Importantly, LPS-induced phosphorylation of MKK3/6, MNK1, and eIF4E was significantly reduced in IRAK2-deficient macrophages compared with wild type macrophages. Moreover, LPS stimulation induced an interaction of IRAK2 with TRAF6, MKK3/6, and MK2, implicating a critical role for mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in LPS-induced IRAK2-mediated post-transcriptional control. These results reveal that IRAK2 is required for LPS-mediated post-transcriptional control of cytokine and chemokine expression, which plays an essential role in TLR4-induced septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzhong Wan
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Immunology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
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Abstract
Interleukin 1alpha (IL-1alpha) is capable of driving pro-inflammatory gene expression through both the initiation of transcription and by prolonging the half-life of short-lived mRNAs. Although the signaling events linking the IL-1 receptor to the activation of NFkappaB and the initiation of transcription have been well characterized, less is known about the signaling events linking to mRNA stabilization. As a model to study the control of mRNA stability we have used the mouse chemokine KC, expression of which requires both NFkappaB-driven transcription and stabilization of the constitutively unstable mRNA. We have evaluated the role of signaling adaptors known to play a role in IL-1alpha-driven NFkappaB activation in the generation of mRNA stability. Surprisingly, although TRAF6 is essential for NFkappaB activation, it is not required for IL-1alpha-induced mRNA stabilization. IRAK1, which is recognized to function upstream of TRAF6, is required for both mRNA stabilization and activation of NFkappaB. Consistent with the previous findings, the TRAF6 interaction sites in IRAK1 are required for NFkappaB activation but do not play a role in mRNA stabilization. These findings indicate that signals from the IL-1 receptor segregate into at least two separate pathways at the level of IRAK1; one couples through TRAF6 to NFkappaB activation while a second utilizes a TRAF6-independent pathway that is responsible for mRNA stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Hartupee
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
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Leonardi C, Menter A, Hamilton T, Caro I, Xing B, Gottlieb AB. Efalizumab: results of a 3-year continuous dosing study for the long-term control of psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2008; 158:1107-16. [PMID: 18373710 PMCID: PMC2408637 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08548.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Efalizumab, a T-cell-targeted, recombinant, humanized, monoclonal IgG1 antibody, inhibits key T-cell-mediated steps in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Efalizumab is approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis in adults in more than 50 countries. Objectives To evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-term, continuous efalizumab therapy in patients with psoriasis. Methods This open-label, multicentre phase III study enrolled 339 patients with moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis. During the initial 3-month phase, patients received subcutaneous efalizumab 2 mg kg−1 weekly with randomization to receive concomitant fluocinolone acetonide or placebo ointment during month 3. The second phase was a long-term observational period; patients achieving a ≥ 50% improvement in the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score were eligible to receive efalizumab 1 mg kg−1 weekly for up to 33 months. The final 3-month treatment period was an optional transition period for patients who completed the 33-month segment before efalizumab became commercially available. Results After 3 months, 41·3% of patients achieved a ≥ 75% improvement in PASI (PASI-75) and 13·0% achieved a ≥ 90% improvement (PASI-90). Continued improvement was observed: 45·4% and 24·5% achieved PASI-75 and PASI-90, respectively, at the end of the observational phase. The safety profile was stable, with no new or no increase in common events over 36 months of treatment. Conclusions This was the longest continuous study using a biologic therapy for psoriasis. Clinical benefit of efalizumab improved over the first 18 months and was maintained during 36 months of continuous therapy. Long-term efalizumab therapy is appropriate for many patients with plaque psoriasis. Conflicts of interest C.L. with 3M Pharmaceuticals, Abbott, Allergan, Altana, Amgen, Astellas-Biogen, Bristol Myers, Centocor, CombinatoRx, Fujisawa Healthcare, Galderma, Genentech, Merck Serono International SA, Schering Plough, RTL, Vitae and Warner Chilcott; A.M. with 3M Pharmaceuticals, Abbott, Allergan, Allermed, Amgen, Astralis, Berlex, Biogen Idec, Celgene, Centocor, Cephalon, Collagenex Pharmaceuticals, CombinatoRx, Connetics, Corixa, Dermik Laboratories, Doak Dermatologics, Dow, Ferndale Laboratories, Fujisawa Healthcare, Galderma, Genentech, Genzyme, GlaxoSmithKline, Ligand Pharmaceuticals, Medicis, MedImmune, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Protein Design Labs, QLT USA, Regeneration Pharma AG, Roche, Merck Serono International SA, Sinclair, Synta Pharma, Thermosurgery, Vertex, Warner Chilcott, Wyeth, XOMA and Zars; T.H. with Genentech; A.B.G. with Abbott, Actelion, Almirall, Amgen, Beiersdorf, Biogen Idec, Bristol Myers Squibb, Can-Fite, Celera, Celgene, Centocor, DermiPsor, Eisai, Genentech, Immune Control, Incyte, Kemia, Medacorp, Medarex, Novo Nordisk, Pharmacare, Roche, RxClinical, Sankyo, Schering Plough, TEVA, UCB, Warner Chilcott and Wyeth. All income derived from these sources goes to her employer. I.C. and B.X. are employees and stockholders of Genentech.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Leonardi
- Central Dermatology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63117, USA.
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