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Zapa DMB, de Aquino LM, Couto LFM, Heller LM, de Morais IML, Salvador VF, Leal LLLL, Trindade ASN, de Freitas Paula WV, de Lima NJ, Ferreira LL, de Castro Rodrigues D, Strydom T, Torres S, Soares VE, de Oliveira Monteiro CM, da Silva Krawczak F, Lopes WDZ. Enzootic stability of tick fever in Holstein calves grazing in a tropical region, subjected to strategic cattle tick control with fluralaner. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:120. [PMID: 38461304 PMCID: PMC10924980 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06212-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2022, fluralaner was launched on the market for use in the control of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus after showing 100% efficacy in registration trials against the causative agents of cattle tick fever (TFAs). The aim of the present study was to determine whether a strategic control regimen against R. microplus using fluralaner (FLU) in Holstein calves grazing in a tropical region would alter the enzootic stability status of cattle tick fever, triggering outbreaks in these animals up to 22 months age. METHODS In this study, a group of calves treated with FLU was compared with a control group treated with the regimen currently being used on the farm, which consisted of the fipronil + fluazuron formulation (FIFLUA). In the first experiment, the efficacy of the FIFLUA pour-on formulation was evaluated in a field study. In the second experiment, which lasted 550 days, two experimental groups (n = 30/group) of Holstein calves naturally infested with R. microplus were analyzed. Calves aged 4 to 10 months received either a specific treatment regimen with FLU (experimental group) or FIFLUA (control group). During this period, tick counts, animal weight measurement, feces collection (to determine eggs and oocysts per gram of feces), tick fever monitoring, blood smears (to ascertain enzootic stability of the herd), PCR testing for TFAs and serology (indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [iELISA]) were performed. All calves were evaluated for signs of tick fever between ages 11 and 22 months. RESULTS FIFLUA showed an acaricidal efficacy of > 90% from post-treatment days 14 to 35. Regarding treatments against the TFAs, the average number of treatments was similar between groups, but animals treated with FLU had a smaller reduction in packed cell volume on some of the evaluation dates of the second and third treatment against TFAs. In calves aged 10 months in the FLU group, B. bovis was not detected by PCR (0/15 samples), 40% of the samples had antibody titers and 33% (10/30) of the samples had positive blood smears. Regarding B. bigemina, > 86% of the samples in both groups tested positive for B. bigemina DNA and antibodies; there was no difference in the antibody titers between the groups. There were no clinical cases of cattle tick fever in calves aged 11 to 22 months. CONCLUSIONS In comparison with the control treatment, the strategic control regimen against R. microplus with FLU that was implemented in the present study did not negatively affect the enzootic stability status of A. marginale and B. bigemina in the herd up to 22 months of age. The enzootic stability status of B. bovis was not reached by either group. These results likely represent a characteristic of the local tick population, so further studies should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Maria Beltran Zapa
- Center of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Science and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lidia Mendes de Aquino
- Center of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Science and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe Monteiro Couto
- Center of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Science and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luciana Maffini Heller
- Center of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Science and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Igor Maciel Lopes de Morais
- Center of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Science and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Ferreira Salvador
- Center of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Science and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luccas Lourenzzo Lima Lins Leal
- Center of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Science and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Artur Siqueira Nunes Trindade
- Center of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Science and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Warley Vieira de Freitas Paula
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Nicolas Jalowitzki de Lima
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel de Castro Rodrigues
- Center of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Science and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- MSD Animal Health, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tom Strydom
- MSD Animal Health, 20 Spartan Road, Isando, Kempton Park, 1619, South Africa
| | | | | | - Caio Marcio de Oliveira Monteiro
- Center of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Science and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Department of Biosciences and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Felipe da Silva Krawczak
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Center of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Science and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
- Department of Biosciences and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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Leal LLLL, Ferreira LL, de Morais IML, Salvador VF, Trindade ASN, Pereira Neto O, Soares VE, de Almeida Borges F, Monteiro CMDO, Lopes WDZ. What is the optimal timing to initiate strategic control of Rhipicephalus microplus in taurine cattle in a tropical region? Exp Appl Acarol 2024; 92:217-232. [PMID: 38329588 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-023-00877-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Cattle tick control poses a significant challenge for livestock in tropical and subtropical regions. The objective of this study was to determine the most suitable timing to initiate a strategic tick control program and to identify the ideal number of acaricide treatments for adult taurine cattle (Bos taurus taurus) in a tropical region throughout the year. Three groups with 10 bovines each were performed: T01 (strategic treatment in late autumn/winter/late spring, every 28 days), T02 (strategic treatment to act in the "first tick generation" - early spring/summer/early autumn, every 28 days) and T03 (control). Tick counts (females 4-8 mm) were conducted every 14 days. If the tick burden in any group reached 30 or more during these counts, we applied an additional treatment. Over the course of a year, T02 required significantly fewer (p < 0.05) acaricide treatments than T01, with nine treatments for T02 and eleven for T01. Furthermore, during the tick counts, animals in T02 showed a lower tick burden compared to those in T01. Initiating the strategic tick control program in early spring, corresponding to the first tick generation, proved more effective than starting in autumn. This approach not only required fewer acaricide treatments but also resulted in a reduced tick burden. These benefits are particularly valuable in terms of animal welfare and managing acaricide resistance issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luccas Lourenzzo Lima Lins Leal
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Igor Maciel Lopes de Morais
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Ferreira Salvador
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Artur Siqueira Nunes Trindade
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fernando de Almeida Borges
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caio Marcio de Oliveira Monteiro
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
- Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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Heller LM, Bastos TDSA, Zapa DMB, de Morais IML, Salvador VF, Leal LLLL, Couto LFM, Neves LC, de Freitas Paula WV, Ferreira LL, de Barros ATM, Cançado PHD, Machado RZ, Soares VE, Cadioli FA, da Silva Krawczak F, Zanetti Lopes WD. Evaluation of mechanical transmission of Trypanosoma vivax by Stomoxys calcitrans in a region without a cyclic vector. Parasitol Res 2024; 123:96. [PMID: 38224369 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-08102-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
This work investigated the mechanical transmission of Trypanosoma vivax by Stomoxys calcitrans to cattle in a region without a cyclic vector. The study involved two experiments, one with calves experimentally infected with T. vivax, in the acute phase of trypanosomosis (Experiment 1) and the other in the chronic phase (Experiment 2). In both experiments, two transmission methods were used with flies that had not fed for 24 h or had never fed: (i) Method 1: flies released freely in cattle pens (≈3,300 flies/pen for 10 days); and (ii) Method 2: flies placed in a feeding chamber (12 flies/animal). To develop Method 1 in the two experiments (acute and chronic phases), T. vivax-positive animals were kept with T. vivax-negative animals. Periodically, the Brener method, Woo method, blood smears, cPCR, ELISA, IFAT, and Imunoteste® were performed to detect T. vivax in the animals. We also recorded the animals' head tossing and hoof stomping and the number of flies near the pens' inner walls. Subsequently, biological testing was performed using lambs. For Method 2 in both experiments, flies inside the feeding chamber first fed on T. vivax-positive animals and later on negative animals. In both experiments and methods, we examined the flies for the presence of T. vivax through blood smears and cPCR of the proboscis and abdomen. In Experiment 2 (chronic phase), a test was conducted to determine how long trypomastigotes forms could survive on the blood of animals with different levels of parasitemia. None of the animals (calves and lambs) became infected with T. vivax or showed antibodies against it. During the evaluation period, the animals in the presence of the flies exhibited more hoof stomping and head tossing compared to those without flies (control). Additionally, there was an increase in the number of flies in the pens during the experiment. Only in Experiment 1 (acute phase) were T. vivax trypomastigotes and DNA found in the abdomen of the flies but not in the proboscis. In Experiment 2 (chronic phase), higher concentrations of trypomastigotes per milliliter of blood were associated with a shorter the lifespan of this stage of the parasite. In conclusion, under the variable conditions of the experiments (hosts, number of flies, and level of parasitemia), S. calcitrans was unable to mechanically transmit T. vivax to cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Maffini Heller
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Thiago de Souza Azeredo Bastos
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Faculdade Anhanguera, Anápolis, Goiás, Brasil
| | - Dina María Beltrán Zapa
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Igor Maciel Lopes de Morais
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Ferreira Salvador
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luccas Lourenzzo Lima Lins Leal
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fellipe Monteiro Couto
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lucianne Cardoso Neves
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Warley Vieira de Freitas Paula
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Departamento de Patologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiano Antonio Cadioli
- Departamento de Clínica, Cirurgia E Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe da Silva Krawczak
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
- Departamento de Biociências E Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical E Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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de Aquino LM, Zapa DMB, de Castro Rodrigues D, Strydom T, Torres S, Ferreira LL, Barufi F, de Amaral HOA, de Borges FDA, Gallina T, de Mendonça RP, Soares VE, Monteiro CMO, Lopes WDZ. Two protocols using fluralaner for Rhipicephalus microplus strategic control on taurine cattle in a tropical region. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:15. [PMID: 38191412 PMCID: PMC10775593 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-06107-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of different treatment strategies using a new commercial formulation containing pour-on fluralaner on Rhipicephalus microplus infestation in cattle and in pastures in a tropical climate region where up to five generations of this tick species can occur per year. METHODS Forty-five naturally infested cattle were divided into three experimental groups: T01, treated with fluralaner (2.5 mg/kg) pour-on every 42 days; T02, the cattle received the first treatment with fluralaner on Day 0 but the next treatment involved a weekly visual evaluation; T03, control, received palliative treatment with a spray formulation when the group mean was ≥ 30 ticks. Counts of female R. microplus were performed weekly until day 343, and larval counts on pasture were performed on Days 0, 30, and 60 and every 30 days until Day 330. RESULTS Using fluralaner, six applications were performed in Group T01, and four were performed in Group T02. In the control group (T03), it was necessary to perform eight palliative acaricide treatments with the spray formulation. The animals in T01 and T02 showed lower mean tick counts (p ≤ 0.05) than the control group (T03) on 28 and 27 of the 49 evaluated dates, respectively. In the paddock where the animals were kept as controls, the R. microplus larvae counts increased to 1458. In the paddocks where the animals were treated with fluralaner, the number was ≤ 19 per paddock during the study. CONCLUSIONS The different strategic treatment protocols performed with pour-on fluralaner (2.5 mg/kg) over a year in taurine cattle in a tropical region with a history of up to five annual generations of cattle ticks were effective, maintaining levels of R. microplus infestations in animals and in pastures close to zero in most of the study. Depending on the retreatment criterion adopted, the number of applications per year may be lower, resulting in a reduction in the mean cost of acaricide treatment per year and lower exposure of R. microplus populations to the active ingredient, resulting in lower resistance and selection pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Mendes de Aquino
- Center of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Science and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Dina Maria Beltran Zapa
- Center of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Science and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Daniel de Castro Rodrigues
- Center of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Science and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- MSD Animal Health, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tom Strydom
- MSD Animal Health, 20 Spartan Road, Isando, Kempton Park, 1619, South Africa
| | | | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fernando de Almeida de Borges
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vando Edésio Soares
- Center of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Science and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- University of Brazil, Descalvado, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio Marcio Oliveira Monteiro
- Center of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Science and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Department of Biosciences and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Center of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Science and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
- Department of Biosciences and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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Zapa DMB, Heller LM, de Aquino LM, Couto LFM, Gomes LVC, Ferreira LL, Vettorato LF, Barufi F, de Oliveira Arriero Amaral H, Chiummo RM, Sonada RB, de Castro Rodrigues D, Sakamoto CAM, Soares VE, da Costa AJ, Lopes WDZ. Toltrazuril + fenbendazole for cattle: Pharmacokinetics and efficacy against Eimeria spp. and gastrointestinal nematodes. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2024; 47:100968. [PMID: 38199704 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2023.100968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The present work evaluated the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of the association of 15cmg/kg toltrazuril +5cmg/kg fenbendazole against Eimeria spp. and gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) in calves of different regions of Brazil (Center-West, Southeast, and South). A total of seven experiments were carried out, five of which determined formulation efficacy against Eimeria spp., considering the following aspects: therapeutic, preventive, metaphylactic, and residual efficacy. Therapeutic efficacy experiments for GINs were carried out by parasitological necropsy. The toltrazuril + fenbendazole association demonstrated ≥95% efficacy against Eimeria spp. for 21 days post-treatment (DPT). When used preventively and metaphylatically, the same association demonstrated ≥97% efficacy against E. zuernii, E. ellipsoidalis, E. cylindrica, E. bovis, E. wyomingensis and E. auburnensis. Toltrazuril + fenbendazole administered seven days before challenge was 100% effective against all these Eimeria species. Results of therapeutic, preventive, metaphylactic and residual efficacies can be related to the pharmacokinetic results, especially considering toltrazuril sulfone, which was detected in animal plasma for a longer period than the parent compound. Toltrazuril + fenbendazole achieved 100% anthelminthic efficacy against the GINs Haemonchus placei (L4), Cooperia pectinata and Oesophagostomum radiatum; 99.94% against adult H. placei; and 99.98% against C. puntacta. The association of toltrazuril + fenbendazole, associated with other measures, is an important and suitable tool for the control and treatment of Eimeria spp. and GINs in young cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Maria Beltrán Zapa
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luciana Maffini Heller
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lídia Mendes de Aquino
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe Monteiro Couto
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Claudio Alessandro M Sakamoto
- Departamento de Saúde Coletiva Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Alvimar José da Costa
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR. Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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6
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Nicaretta JE, Ferreira LL, de Cavalcante ASDA, Zapa DMB, Heller LM, Trindade ASN, de Morais IML, Salvador VF, Leal LLLL, da Silva FLV, de Aquino LM, Couto LFM, Soares VE, Monteiro CMO, Lopes WDZ. Influence of the acaricide emulsion pH on the effectiveness of spray products to control the cattle tick: laboratory and field investigations. Parasitol Res 2023; 122:2267-2278. [PMID: 37493957 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-07927-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The current work evaluated the efficacy of 10 commercial acaricides in different pHs (4.5, 5.5, and 6.5) in laboratory (adult immersion tests (AIT), pH evaluation over time) and field assays (tick counts and efficacy). In the AIT (n=70), higher efficacies were obtained when the acaricide emulsion had a more acidic pH (4.5), mainly for two combinations of pyrethroids + organophosphate (acaricide 3 and acaricide 9). For amidine, a higher pH (6.5) showed a higher efficacy. Over time, there was a trend in the pH of these emulsions increasing. When the efficacy of chlorpyrifos + cypermethrin + piperonyl butoxide (acaricide 3) at different pHs was evaluated over time (0, 6, 12, and 24h) by AIT, the less acidic pH (6.5) showed a strongly variation in the acaricide efficacy range. The mean pH of the water samples from different regions of Brazil was 6.5. In the field, the association of pyrethroid + organophosphates (acaricide 9) with pH of 4.5 and 5.5 were more effective in tick control than the emulsion prepared with this same spray formulation at pH 6.5. The pH of the acaricide emulsions is an important point of attention and is recommended that the veterinary industry start to develop/share information regarding how the pH can affect the acaricide efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Eduardo Nicaretta
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Dina María Beltrán Zapa
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luciana Maffini Heller
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Artur Siqueira Nunes Trindade
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Igor Maciel Lopes de Morais
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Ferreira Salvador
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luccas Lourenzzo Lima Lins Leal
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Francisca Letícia Vale da Silva
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lídia Mendes de Aquino
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe Monteiro Couto
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Caio Márcio Oliveira Monteiro
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
- Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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7
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Alves HC, Afonso PHA, Salvador VF, Leal LLLL, de Morais IML, Ferreira LL, de Aquino LM, Couto LFM, Heller LM, Zapa DMB, Cruz BC, Soares VE, Monteiro CMDO, Lopes WDZ. Effect of a preventive strategic control program, with imidocarb dipropionate, against tick fever agents in dairy calves. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:315. [PMID: 37737958 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03709-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Chemoprophylaxis with dipropionate imidocarb (IMD) is a method adopted to prevent cattle tick fever (TF). Sixty weaned dairy heifers (±60 days old), without previous exposure to Rhipicephalus microplus ticks, were housed in Tifton paddocks and were subsequently exposed to R. microplus ticks and monitored up to 315 days old. Thirty animals were kept as controls (T01) and 30 received five preventive strategic treatments with IMD at 21-day intervals (T02). The heifers were monitored weekly by means of packed cell volume (PCV) and blood smears to evaluate the presence of TF agents. Salvage treatments (ST) with diminazene and enrofloxacin were administered when animals showed PCV ≤ 24%. The A. marginale prevalence was 39.3% and 37.7%, B. bovis 6.0%, and 7.3%, and B. bigemina 16.3% and 13.7% for T01 and T02, respectively. Regarding PCV values, group T01 showed lower PCV than group T02, between 119 and 161 days of life, but when animals were 196, 210, 217, and between 252 to 301 days old, an inversion occurred. The IMD treatment protocol was effective in group T02 from day 91 to 175 while treatment was being administered, but from day 182 to 315 after the IMD treatment protocol was completed, the number of salvage treatments against TF agents performed in T02 group increased significantly. The sequential application of IMD treatments with intervals less than 21 days is not recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Histefania Costa Alves
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Vanessa Ferreira Salvador
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luccas Lourenzo Lima Lins Leal
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Igor Maciel Lopes de Morais
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lídia Mendes de Aquino
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fellipe Monteiro Couto
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luciana Maffini Heller
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Dina Maria Beltran Zapa
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Breno Cayeiro Cruz
- Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Caio Marcio de Oliveira Monteiro
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
- Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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8
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de Aquino LM, Ferreira LL, Zapa DMB, Heller LM, Trindade ASN, de Morais IML, Salvador VF, Leal LLLL, Couto LFM, de Mendonça RP, Costa IS, Soares VE, de Oliveira Monteiro CM, Lopes WDZ. Number of rainy days in a week influencing screwworm navel myiasis in beef calves and efficacies of injectable and topical antiparasitics. Res Vet Sci 2022; 152:698-706. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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9
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de Melo Júnior¹ RD, Ferreira LL, Zapa¹ DMB, Heller¹ LM, Iuasse¹ HV, Naves¹ RB, Trindade ASN, Gontijo LMDA, Scarpa³ AB, Rodrigues DS, Soares VE, Monteiro CMDO, Lopes WDZ. Population dynamics of Rhipicephalus microplus in dairy cattle: influence of the animal categories and correlation with milk production. Vet Res Commun 2022; 47:539-557. [DOI: 10.1007/s11259-022-10002-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Couto LFM, Heller LM, Zapa DMB, de Moura MI, Costa GL, de Assis Cavalcante AS, Ribeiro NB, Bastos TSA, Ferreira LL, Soares VE, Lino de Souza GR, Cadioli FA, Lopes WDZ. Presence of Trypanosoma vivax DNA in cattle semen and reproductive tissues and related changes in sperm parameters. Vet Parasitol 2022; 309:109761. [PMID: 35843131 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2022.109761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The present work investigated the presence of Trypanosoma vivax in semen and reproductive tissues of experimentally infected cattle and evaluated changes in seminal parameters. Two groups of cattle were established: T01 - experimentally infected with T. vivax (n = 8) and T02 - not experimentally infected with T. vivax (n = 8). After infection, blood (every seven days until 182 days post-infection - DPI), semen (7, 14, 35, 56, 70, 120 and 182 DPI) and reproductive tissue (after euthanasia, 182 DPI) were collected to search for T. vivax using different techniques, including PCR, Woo and Brener. Seminal parameters, including turbulence, motility, concentration, and vigor, were also analyzed. Packed cell volume (PCV) of the animals was determined weekly and weight gain was calculated. The PCR revealed T. vivax DNA in 7/56 semen samples of post-infection T01 cattle. Trypanosoma vivax DNA was detected in the semen of 5/8 animals at 7, 14, 56, 70 and 120 DPI, in the testis of four, and in the epididymis and fat located around the testis of two others. Trypomastigote forms of T. vivax were not found in any semen sample. Sperm of T01 cattle had lower turbulence (p ≤ 0.05) at 7, 14, 35, 56, 120 and 182 DPI, lower vigor (p ≤ 0.05) at 120 DPI and more sperm abnormalities (p ≤ 0.05) than T02. Digital dermatitis was observed among T01 cattle. Animals of T01 had lower PCV values than did those of T02 for most of the evaluations performed and T02 animals gained more weight during the experiment. The results highlight the presence of T. vivax DNA in semen of infected cattle and the importance of this disease for male breeding cattle. Further research is needed to determine whether T. vivax can be sexually transmitted in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciana Maffini Heller
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Ivete de Moura
- Professor Assistente. Pontifícia Universidade Católica Universidade Católica de Goiás Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Lage Costa
- Professor Assistente. Pontifícia Universidade Católica Universidade Católica de Goiás Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Nathalia Braz Ribeiro
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fabiano Antônio Cadioli
- Departamento de Clínica, Cirurgia e Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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11
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Felippelli G, Teixeira WFP, Gomes LVC, Maciel WG, Cruz BC, Buzzulini C, dos Santos TR, Ferreira LL, Soares VE, Rodrigues DC, Monteiro CMDO, da Costa AJ, Lopes WDZ. Tick infestation level interferes with spray formulation (organophosphate + pyrethroid) efficacy against Rhipicephalus microplus. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2022; 13:101903. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.101903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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de Melo Junior RD, Azeredo Bastos TS, Heller LM, Couto LFM, Zapa DMB, de Assis Cavalcante AS, Cruvinel LB, Nicaretta JE, Iuasse HV, Ferreira LL, Soares VE, de Souza GRL, Cadioli FA, Lopes WDZ. How many cattle can be infected by Trypanosoma vivax by reusing the same needle and syringe, and what is the viability time of this protozoan in injectable veterinary products? Parasitology 2022; 149:270-282. [PMID: 35234599 PMCID: PMC11010538 DOI: 10.1017/s003118202100175x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
It was investigated how many cattle become infected with Trypanosoma vivax by subcutaneous (SC), intramuscular (IM) and intravenous (IV) routes, using the same syringe and needle from an animal with acute T. vivax infection. Besides, the T. vivax viability in 109 injectable veterinary drugs (antibiotics, antiparasitics, reproductive hormones, vitamin complex and derivatives, vaccines, anaesthetics, anti-inflammatory/antipyretics, antitoxics). In the field assay, four groups were performed: T01, T02 and T03 animals that received saline solution with the same syringe and needle contaminated with T. vivax via SC, IM and IV routes, respectively, and T04 control animals that received only saline solution with the same syringe and needle IV. In the laboratory, drugs had their pH measured and T. vivax viability verified. The number of cattle infected with T. vivax via SC (3/20) was lower (P ≤ 0.05) compared to via IM (9/20), which was lower (P ≤ 0.05) compared to IV (15/20). The solution pH did not influence T. vivax viability. In 44% (48/109) of the products, T. vivax remained viable regardless of time, stooding out that in 100% of oxytocins the protozoan was verified, at some evaluation times. The mean of T. vivax quantified in foot-and-mouth and brucellosis vaccines and in doramectin-based products were higher (P ≤ 0.05) than found in blood + saline solution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luciana Maffini Heller
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - João Eduardo Nicaretta
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Haryie Victória Iuasse
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fabiano Antônio Cadioli
- Departamento de Clínica, Cirurgia e Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista – Unesp, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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13
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de Melo Junior RD, Azeredo Bastos TS, Heller LM, Couto LFM, Zapa DMB, Souza de Assis Cavalcante A, Cruvinel LB, Nicaretta JE, Iuasse HV, Ferreira LL, Soares VE, Lino de Souza GR, Cadioli FA, Lopes WDZ. How many cattle can be infected by Trypanosoma vivax by reusing the same needle and syringe, and what is the viability time of this protozoan in injectable veterinary products?-ERRATUM. Parasitology 2022; 149:283. [PMID: 34906265 PMCID: PMC11010559 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182021002067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luciana Maffini Heller
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - João Eduardo Nicaretta
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Haryie Victória Iuasse
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fabiano Antônio Cadioli
- Departamento de Clínica, Cirurgia e Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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14
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de Moura CEBR, de Sá Jayme V, de Oliveira Monteiro CM, Lopes WDZ, Soares VE, Rossi GAM, Gambarini ML, de Castro AM, de Souza JY, de Oliveira VSF, de Amaral Leal A, Arnhold E, Teixeira WFP. Spatial distribution and risk factors for sheep toxoplasmosis in Goiás, Brazilian Cerrado Region. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2021; 26:100625. [PMID: 34879937 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the spatial distribution and risk factors for infection by Toxoplasma gondii in sheep in the state of Goiás, located in the central-western region of Brazil. Through the immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies was analyzed in 1000 blood serum samples obtained from sheep in all macro and micro regions of the state of Goiás. Data related to sex, age of the animals, size of the farm, type of farm, water source, veterinary assistance, replacement of the herd, presence of domestic cats, presence of wild cats and presence of other wild animals were obtained at the sampling time. The differences between the seroprevalences obtained in relation to the variables analyzed were estimated using Pearson's chi-square test (χ2). The odds ratio (OR) values for each risk factor evaluated were statistically analyzed with a confidence interval of 95%. Positivity for IgG anti-T. gondii was observed (titer ≥64) in 34.3% (343/1000) of the samples, which ranged from 26.9% (31/115) to 44.2% (53/120) and from 21.8 (12/55) to 55.2% (16 / 29), respectively in the analyzed mesoregions and microregions. In all investigated regions of the State of Goiás, serum-reactive animals were detected with the age of the animals, the source of water, the form of replacement of the herd and the presence of domestic cats and wild animals risk factors statistically associated with the occurrence of T. gondii in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valéria de Sá Jayme
- School of Veterinary and Zootechnics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
| | - Caio Marcio de Oliveira Monteiro
- School of Veterinary and Zootechnics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- School of Veterinary and Zootechnics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Maria Lúcia Gambarini
- School of Veterinary and Zootechnics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria de Castro
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Yonara de Souza
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | - Emmanuel Arnhold
- School of Veterinary and Zootechnics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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15
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Gomes LVC, Teixeira WFP, Maciel WG, Felippelli G, Buzzulini C, Soares VE, de Melo DP, Cruz BC, Rodrigues DDC, Ferreira LL, Monteiro CMDO, Lopes WDZ, da Costa AJ. Strategic control of cattle co-parasitized by tick, fly and gastrointestinal nematodes: Is it better to use ecto + endoparasiticide or just endectocide formulations? Vet Parasitol 2021; 301:109622. [PMID: 34861577 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2021.109622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ticks, flies, and gastrointestinal helminths (GINs) significantly affect cattle productivity; thus, ectoparasiticide, endoparasiticide, and endectocide drugs have commonly been used for their control. The study aimed to compare the technical (parasites counts), productive, and financial effects of a treatment protocol comprising ecto- + endoparasiticides formulations (T01: fluazuron 2.5 mg/kg + fipronil 1.25 mg/kg and fenbendazole 5 mg/kg; n = 15) to a treatment with one formulation of endectocide (T02: ivermectin 450 μg/kg + abamectin 250 μg/kg; n = 15) over 308 days under field conditions in crossbred cattle co-parasitized by Rhipicephalus microplus, Haematobia irritans, and GINs. Bovine weight gain and return on investment (ROI) were also evaluated. Bovines from T01 received four treatments against the cattle tick and two against two GINs. For T02, four treatments were performed. Animals from T01 gained 15.4 kg more than T02 and provided a comparative ROI of 15.8. In cattle co-parasitized with R. microplus, H. irritans, and GINs, the treatment protocol used in this study with ecto- + endoparasiticidal action formulations showed better technical results regarding parasite counts and productive and financial data than the strategic treatment protocol using only an endectocide formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gustavo Felippelli
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Buzzulini
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vando Edésio Soares
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Universidade Brasil, Descalvado, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Pacheco de Melo
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Breno Cayero Cruz
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel de Castro Rodrigues
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Caio Marcio de Oliveira Monteiro
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
| | - Alvimar José da Costa
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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16
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Couto LFM, Bastos TSA, Heller LM, Zapa DMB, de Assis Cavalcante AS, Nicaretta JE, Cruvinel LB, de Melo Júnior RD, Ferreira LL, Soares VE, Cadioli FA, de Mendonça RP, Lopes WDZ. In vitro and in vivo effectiveness of disinfectants against Trypanosoma vivax. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2021; 25:100587. [PMID: 34474782 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosoma vivax causes bovine trypanosomosis in cattle and resulting in economic losses to farmers. In Brazil, shared contaminated materials is the main transmission pathway. To evaluate the effectiveness of different disinfectants for T. vivax, in vitro and in vivo analyses were performed. At the laboratory, 21 disinfectants were tested. The disinfectants were placed in microtubes containing blood with approximately 1.0 × 106 trypomastigotes of T. vivax. The viability and motile of trypomastigotes after 30 s, one, 10, 15 and 30 min was evaluated by the thick drop method and the efficacy calculated. Disinfectants that showed 100% effectiveness were used in in vivo tests. Thirty calves negative for T. vivax were divided into six groups and were inoculated with disinfectant solutions (46% alcohol, 70% alcohol, or 0.5% iodine) + 1 × 106 trypomastigotes of the protozoa. Blood from each animal was collected at seven, 14 and 21 days after inoculation to verify the viability and presence of the protozoan by Woo, Brener, PCR, and LAMP methods. In the in vitro step, 13 of the 21 disinfected solutions exhibited 100% effectiveness against T. vivax at all evaluation times. In contrast, 70% alcohol and 0.5% iodine solutions exhibited 100% effectiveness in the in vivo tests and can be used to disinfect needles and syringes. The use of disinfectants is a rapid and efficient procedure to disinfect materials utilized in the field and concomitantly could help to reduce the dissemination of T. vivax in the cattle herd in cases of iatrogenic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Fellipe Monteiro Couto
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Thiago Souza Azeredo Bastos
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luciana Maffini Heller
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Dina Maria Beltrán Zapa
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - João Eduardo Nicaretta
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Bueno Cruvinel
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Rubens Dias de Melo Júnior
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiano Antônio Cadioli
- Departamento de Clínica Cirúrgica e Reprodução Animal da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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Cruvinel LB, Ferreira LL, Nicaretta JE, Couto LFM, Zapa DMB, de Assis Cavalcante AS, Heller LM, de Melo Junior RD, de Aquino Gontijo LM, Suzuki K, Soares VE, Lopes WDZ. Eimeria spp. in naturally infected beef cattle: Dynamics of oocysts excretion, prevalence, and comparison between parasitological diagnostics. Prev Vet Med 2021; 194:105447. [PMID: 34333412 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2021.105447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Eimeria spp. infections cause mortality, reduced well-being, and substantial economic losses implications for cattle production worldwide. The present work followed up the excretion of Eimeria spp. oocysts in two naturally infected beef herds, from two different properties, to investigate the dynamics of oocyst excretion and the prevalence of Eimeria spp. in different animal categories and seasons of the year (rainy season - October to April; dry season - May to September). Even that, the species of Eimeria were identified and the parasitological techniques of Gordon and Whitlock modified and Mini-FLOTAC were used. In both herds, animals up to 14 months had a mean total OPG counts higher than older animals (after 15-16 months of age), and the species E. zuernii and E. bovis were more frequently identified, the first species being more frequent in animals from 1 to 2 months of age, while E. bovis prevailed from three months old. On property 1, the highest mean OPG counts (P ≤ 0.05) were obtained between October 2017 and September 2018, with the highest mean OPG counts in October 2017, when the animals were aged between 4-5 months. The prevalence of the pathogen on property 1 was 59.16 % and 43.62 % in the rainy and dry season, respectively, a higher parasitic load (P ≤ 0.05) was verified in the rainy season. On property 2, the mean OPG counts of Eimeria spp. was higher (P ≤ 0.05) in animals between 8-16 months, with the highest peak in November 2019, when they were one year old. The on-site prevalence during the rainy season on property 2 was 53.09 % and 49.79 % on dry season, and no difference (P = 0.92) in the mean OPG counts of Eimeria spp. during the seasons. There was a difference (P ≤ 0.05) in the count of oocysts in females after 18 months of age than males, which was probably due to the increase in animal density. Both tested techniques can be used for quantification of the excretion of oocysts of Eimeria spp. in cattle feces showing the same OPG mean count (r = 0.9287; p = 0.0025; R² = 0.8625). Mini-FLOTAC showed higher prevalence for Eimeria spp., however, can be an obstacle depending on the number of fecal samples that need to be processed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João Eduardo Nicaretta
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Luciana Maffini Heller
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | - Karina Suzuki
- Faculdade de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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Silva GSD, Ferreira FC, Romera DM, Soares VE, Bonuti MR. Larva migrans in Votuporanga, São Paulo, Brazil: Where does the danger hide? Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 2020; 29:e004920. [PMID: 33027423 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612020075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Soil samples collected near municipal schools (public/EMEI and private/EPEI schools), clubs (CLB), public squares (PS) and residential condominiums (CND) and samples of animal faeces from the Zoonosis Control Centre (CCZ) of the municipality of Votuporanga/SP were analysed using the Baermann method for the detection of zoonotic helminth larvae. The prevalence rates of the nematode genera identified were determined, and the results were compared using Fisher's exact and chi-square frequency tests. Information about cases of larvae migrans in the population were collected from the Family Health Units and the private health plans. All sites were positive for Ancylostoma spp. and, with the exception of EPEIs and dog faeces, for Strongyloides spp. The prevalence of Ancylostoma spp. was 87.5% for CND samples, 74.29% for EMIEs, 63.64% for CLB, 61.76% for PS and 64.29% for dog's and 42.86% for cats at CCZ. The prevalence of Strongyloides spp. ranged from 14.29% (cats/CCZ) to 41.18% (PS). Cases of cutaneous larva migrans were reported during interviews. Thus, from the public health perspective, the risk of individuals that frequent recreational areas in the municipality, especially children, to be infected by helminth larvae is noteworthy, indicating the need to develop policies aimed at controlling this important zoonosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giane Serafim da Silva
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Animal de Votuporanga, Instituto Biológico, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios-APTA, Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento, Votuporanga, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Daiane Mompean Romera
- Centro de Seringueira e Sistemas Agroflorestais, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios-APTA, Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento, Votuporanga, SP, Brasil
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Cruz BC, Teixeira WFP, Gomes LVC, Maciel WG, Felippelli G, Buzzulini C, Ferreira LL, Santos TRD, Soares VE, Sakamoto CAM, Monteiro CMDO, Lopes WDZ, da Costa AJ. Does bathing affect tick and flea burdens and ectoparasiticide effectiveness of a spot-on formulation (fipronil + (S)-methoprene) for dogs? Vet Parasitol 2020; 283:109192. [PMID: 32736301 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2020.109192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This work evaluated tick and flea burdens and the efficacy of a single topical application of 10% fipronil + 9% (S)-methoprene spot-on against experimental infestations of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato and Ctenocephalides felis felis on dogs that were submitted to regular baths for 56-days post-treatment. Four treatments (n = 24) were evaluated: no chemical treatment and no bathing (T01); no chemical treatment + bathing (T02); chemical treatment and no bathing (T03) and chemical treatment + bathing (T04). Dogs were infested with adult ticks and fleas seven days pre-treatment (-7). The ectoparasites were then counted and removed on day -5, followed by a new infestation on day -2 and treatment on day 0. Ticks and fleas were then counted without removal on day 1 and counted with removal on day 2. The dogs were then repeatedly infested with both ectoparasites on days 5, 12, 19, 26, 33, 40, 47 and 54 post-treatment. Baths and ectoparasite counts with removal were performed every 48 h before and after experimental infestation, respectively. Animals of T04 had lower (P ≤ 0.05) tick burden than animals from T01 and T02 from day 2 to day 28. For fleas, the counts varied among days of the study. Dogs from T03 presented lower (P ≤ 0.05) flea burden than dogs from T01 from day 1 until day 56. The same was true for T04 when compared to T01 from day 1 to day 42. Animals of T02 greater (P ≤ 0.05) flea burden than animals of T04 in all dates post treatment. In addition, dogs from T02 presented higher (P ≤ 0.05) flea burden than T01 from day 7 to day 28 and from day 49 to day 56. In sum, the efficacy of the spot-on formulation used declined over the time against both ectoparasites. The efficacy for ticks ranged from 0.0 to 96.5% and 0.0 to 98.52% for T03 and T04, respectively. While for fleas, the efficacy of the formulation ranged from 67.41 to 100% for T03 and 40.18 to 100% for T04. So, bathing dogs that were not treated increased C. f. felis burden but not R. sanguineus s. l. burden. The residual efficacy of the product had a shorter duration against these ectoparasites for dogs that received subsequent bathing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breno Cayeiro Cruz
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Vinicius Costa Gomes
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Willian Giquelin Maciel
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Felippelli
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Buzzulini
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva. Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Caio Márcio de Oliveira Monteiro
- Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
| | - Alvimar José da Costa
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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Cruz BC, de Lima Mendes AF, Maciel WG, Dos Santos IB, Gomes LVC, Felippelli G, Teixeira WFP, Ferreira LL, Soares VE, Lopes WDZ, da Costa AJ, de Oliveira GP. Biological parameters for Rhipicephalus microplus in the field and laboratory and estimation of its annual number of generations in a tropical region. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:2421-2430. [PMID: 32548738 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06758-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate biological parameters of Rhipicephalus microplus in the non-parasitic phase in both field and laboratory conditions. It also aimed to assess correlations between duration (in days) of these parameters and climatic variables (humidity, rainfall, and soil temperature) and to estimate the annual number of generations of R. microplus in a tropical region. The non-parasitic phase of R. microplus in field and laboratory conditions was evaluated throughout the course of two years. A pasture was infested with engorged female of R. microplus, and biological parameters, including female pre-oviposition, female oviposition, egg mass incubation, larval pre-hatching phase, larval maturation, and larval longevity, were evaluated concomitantly with the collection of data on climatic conditions. The same parameters were also evaluated in a climatized chamber in the laboratory. The total duration of the non-parasitic phase in the field was longer in the dry season (1st and 4th life-cycle repetitions) than in the rainy season (2nd, 3rd, and 5th repetitions). Tick biological parameters for the non-parasitic phase in the laboratory were similar to those obtained in the field during the rainy season. The evaluated biological parameters were influenced mainly by environmental and ground-level temperatures, which modified egg mass incubation, larval pre-hatching, and larval longevity periods and, consequently, the total duration of the non-parasitic phase of the tick. The annual number of generations for the tick was estimated at five per year, which is alarming because it represents an increase, and so new studies into strategic control are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breno Cayeiro Cruz
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Willian Giquelin Maciel
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabella Barbosa Dos Santos
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Vinicius Costa Gomes
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Felippelli
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Department of Medicine Veterinary Preventive, School of Veterinary, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- School of Veterinary and Zootechnics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
- Department of Biosciences and Technologies, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
| | - Alvimar José da Costa
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilson Pereira de Oliveira
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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Bastos TSA, Faria AM, Cavalcante ASDA, Madrid DMDC, Zapa DMB, Nicaretta JE, Cruvinel LB, Heller LM, Couto LFM, Rodrigues DDC, Ferreira LL, Soares VE, Cadioli FA, Lopes WDZ. Infection capacity of Trypanosoma vivax experimentally inoculated through different routes in bovines with latent Anaplasma marginale. Exp Parasitol 2020; 211:107861. [PMID: 32112944 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2020.107861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the infection capacity of Trypanosoma vivax experimentally inoculated through different routes in calves naturally infected with latent Anaplasma marginale. On Day 0 of the study, 25 calves (breed: Girolando) were divided into five groups. The first four groups of five calves each received approximately 1 × 106 trypomastigotes of T. vivax through the intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous routes. Another five animals remained unaffected to serve as A. marginale naturally infected controls. The study of T. vivax was performed on all calves from D+1 to D+30 using the Woo, Brener and blood smear techniques. PCR was performed on Days +1, +3, +4, +5, +28, +29 and + 30. The results indicated that T. vivax was capable of infecting and developing the disease in the calves independent of the inoculation route. A positive correlation was found between T. vivax and rectal temperature (P ≤ 0.05) and a negative correlation was seen between the protozoan and globular volume (P ≤ 0.05). Latent A. marginale in the calves acted as co-infection for T. vivax. Jaundice was seen only in calves with a high parasitemia by A. marginale. Therefore, in areas with the confirmed presence of T. vivax in bovines, this protozoan should be included in the complex denominated "Bovine Parasitic Sadness", which currently encompasses only Anaplasma and Babesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Souza Azeredo Bastos
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Adriana Marques Faria
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Alliny Souza de Assis Cavalcante
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Dina Maria Beltrán Zapa
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - João Eduardo Nicaretta
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Bueno Cruvinel
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Luciana Maffini Heller
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fellipe Monteiro Couto
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Daniel de Castro Rodrigues
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiano Antônio Cadioli
- Departamento de Clínica, Cirurgia e Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
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22
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Cruvinel LB, Ayres H, Zapa DMB, Nicaretta JE, Couto LFM, Heller LM, Bastos TSA, Cruz BC, Soares VE, Teixeira WF, de Oliveira JS, Fritzen JT, Alfieri AA, Freire RL, Lopes WDZ. Prevalence and risk factors for agents causing diarrhea (Coronavirus, Rotavirus, Cryptosporidium spp., Eimeria spp., and nematodes helminthes) according to age in dairy calves from Brazil. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 52:777-791. [PMID: 31591674 PMCID: PMC7089087 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-02069-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study attempted to verify the prevalence of and risk factors for diarrhea-causing agents in dairy calves from Brazil. Additionally, ages with a higher risk of occurrence for each agent were verified by means of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The collections were performed on 39 farms, belonging to 29 municipalities located in eight states of Brazil. It was possible to conclude that the prevalence of Coronavirus, Rotavirus, Cryptosporidium spp., Eimeria spp., and nematodes was 7.20% (95% CI 4.54-9.78), 6.37% (95% CI 3.85-8.89), 51.52% (95% CI 45.26-55.57), 3.46% (95% CI 2.24-4.67), and 3.46% (95% CI 2.24-4.67), respectively. Ages with higher probabilities of occurrence of these diseases in calves were < 10, > 8, > 6, > 37, and > 36 days, respectively. Diarrhea occurred more significantly (P < 0.0001) in animals less than 21 days old and mainly on those receiving milk through automatic feeders (P < 0.001). Cryptosporidium spp. were a risk factor for the occurrence of Rotavirus, and vice versa (P = 0.0039) and presented a positive correlation with Coronavirus (P = 0.0089). Calves that drink water from rivers, streams, and ponds had a higher chance of being infected by Eimeria spp. (P < 0.0001), as well as developing infection by nematodes (P < 0.0001). The results found in this study highlight the importance of studying the agents of diarrhea together, once they act as coinfection where the losses triggered for the owners will involve some of these agents simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Bueno Cruvinel
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária - CPV, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Dina María Beltrán Zapa
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária - CPV, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - João Eduardo Nicaretta
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária - CPV, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fellipe Monteiro Couto
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária - CPV, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Luciana Maffini Heller
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária - CPV, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Thiago Souza Azeredo Bastos
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária - CPV, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Breno Cayeiro Cruz
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Weslen Fabricio Teixeira
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária - CPV, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária - CPV, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74605050, Brazil.
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Dos Santos IB, Giquelin Maciel W, Felippelli G, Barbosa Toscano JH, Cayeiro Cruz B, De Souza Chagas AC, Soares VE, Zanetti Lopes WD, da Costa AJ, de Oliveira GP. Viability of Haemonchus placei parasitism in experimentally infected young goats. Vet Parasitol 2019; 271:64-67. [PMID: 31303206 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2019.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the viability of Haemonchus placei parasitism in experimentally infected goats. For that, 14 75 days old kids male Saanen kids were placed in one of the four experimental groups: GI - infected with 5000 H. placei L3 (n = 4); GII - infected with 5000 H. contortus L3 (n = 4); GIII - infected with 2500 H. contortus L3 + 2500 H. placei L3 (n = 4), and GIV - control, inoculated with distilled water (n = 2). Each kid received, orally, the infective dose in a single inoculum. Based on daily fecal egg counts, the average pre-patent period was determined as 24 days for H. contortus, and 31 days for H. placei. Regarding the Haemonchus spp. recovered at necropsy, the experimental groups GI, GII, and GIII had, respectively, an average of 25.5, 619.5, and 724.75 (120 H. placei, and 604.75 H. contortus) adult specimens, and no immature forms. Under the conditions of this study, the viability of goat infection by H. placei was confirmed, although, with low susceptibility. Nevertheless, the parasitism of this helminth species was more intense when associated with H. contortus. This fact indicates that in common grazing between cattle and young goats, when the latter end up ingesting both Haemonhcus species, especially in a mixed infection, H. placei may also parasitize them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Barbosa Dos Santos
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil.
| | - Willian Giquelin Maciel
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Gustavo Felippelli
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - João Henrique Barbosa Toscano
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Breno Cayeiro Cruz
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Ana Carolina De Souza Chagas
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil; Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 234, CEP, 15379-970, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - Vando Edésio Soares
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil; Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74605-050, Brasil.
| | - Alvimar José da Costa
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Gilson Pereira de Oliveira
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
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Teixeira WFP, Lopes WDZ, Cruz BC, Maciel WG, Felippelli G, Soares VE, Vieira DDS, Bresciani KDS, Costa AJD. Excreção de oocistos de Toxoplasma gondii em felinos primoinfectados com o isolado III. Pubvet 2019. [DOI: 10.31533/pubvet.v13n2a273.1-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Cruz BC, Gomes LVC, Maciel WG, Felippelli G, Santos IBD, Cruvinel LB, Couto LFM, Bastos TSA, Cavalcante ASDA, Nicaretta JE, Soares VE, Costa AJD, Lopes WDZ. In vivo effect of diflubenzuron, administered via mineral salt supplementation, against Haematobia irritans and Rhipicephalus microplus parasitizing cattle. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 2018; 27:545-554. [PMID: 30517423 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-296120180084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study involved two field trials with the aim of evaluating the efficacy of diflubenzuron, via mineral supplementation, against Haematobia irritans parasitizing cattle. Concomitantly with the main trial, a stall test was conducted to ascertain the effects of a different formulation with the same active ingredient against Rhipicephalus microplus, along with the action of diflubenzuron on the reproductive parameters of R. microplusfemales that had naturally detached from cattle. Against H. irritans, it was observed that the efficacy indexes fordiflubenzuron were low (≤ 31.3% or 44.6%) or null (0.0%) throughout the study. The anti- R. microplus efficacy of diflubenzuron, at weekly intervals, ranged from 0.0 to 13.7% over the entire experimental period. Null efficacy (0.0%) was registered for diflubenzuron in relation to the reproductive parameters of R. microplusfemales that had naturally detached from cattle. The different diflubenzuron formulations, administered via mineral salt supplementation, did not show satisfactory efficacy indexes against H. irritans and R. microplus parasitizing cattle, within the experimental design of the present study. In addition, this agent did not present any deleterious effects on the reproductive parameters of R. microplus females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breno Cayeiro Cruz
- Centro de Pesquisas em Sanidade Animal - CPPAR, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Lucas Vinicius Costa Gomes
- Centro de Pesquisas em Sanidade Animal - CPPAR, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Willian Giquelin Maciel
- Centro de Pesquisas em Sanidade Animal - CPPAR, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Gustavo Felippelli
- Centro de Pesquisas em Sanidade Animal - CPPAR, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Isabella Barbosa Dos Santos
- Centro de Pesquisas em Sanidade Animal - CPPAR, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Leonardo Bueno Cruvinel
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária - CPV, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - Luiz Fellipe Monteiro Couto
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária - CPV, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - Thiago Souza Azeredo Bastos
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária - CPV, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - Alliny Souza de Assis Cavalcante
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária - CPV, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - João Eduardo Nicaretta
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária - CPV, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | | | - Alvimar José da Costa
- Centro de Pesquisas em Sanidade Animal - CPPAR, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária - CPV, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública - IPTSP, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
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Cruvinel LB, Nicaretta JE, Bastos TDSA, Couto LFM, Santos JBD, Zapa DMB, Cavalcante ASDA, Cruz BC, Borges DGL, Borges FDA, Soares VE, Lopes WDZ. Eimeria species in dairy and beef cattle of different ages in Goiás state, Brazil. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 2018; 27:169-176. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-296120180038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract This study aimed to identify the frequency of occurrence of Eimeria species in Holstein (taurine dairy cattle) and Nelore (zebu beef cattle) on 12 farms in the state of Goiás, Brazil. A total of 2,601 animals were evaluated, and the cattle were divided into the following age-group categories: up to three months old, four to eight months old, nine to 16 months old and cows. Fecal samples were collected directly from the rectum of all animals. None of the cattle presented any clinical signs of eimeriosis during the survey. From the results obtained, it could be concluded that higher rates of infection by Eimeria spp. were observed in Holstein cattle between the 1st and 16 th months of age and in Nelore cattle between the 1st and 8th months of age. Twelve and nine Eimeria species were diagnosed in Holstein and Nelore cattle, respectively. However, Eimeria zuernii was more prevalent in animals up to three months old, while Eimeria bovis was more common in the remaining categories (cattle aged four months and over). Future studies on the epidemiology and/or seasonality of infection by Eimeria species in cattle, from birth onwards, are needed in order to better understand the dynamics of E. zuernii and E. bovis occurrences, especially in cattle under three months of age.
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de Castro Rodrigues D, Buzullini C, Pereira TA, Curz BC, Gomes LVC, Soares VE, Bastos TSA, Couto LFM, Lopes WDZ, de Oliveira GP, Costa AJD. Avermectin toxicity in bovines less than thirty days old. Res Vet Sci 2018; 118:403-412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Aquino FMD, Soares VE, Rossi GAM, Nicaretta JE, Bastos TDSA, Cruvinel LB, Couto LFM, Cavalcante ASDA, Felippelli G, Cruz BC, Maciel WG, Gomes LVC, Lopes WDZ. Prevalence of bovine fascioliasis, areas at risk and ensuing losses in the state of Goiás, Brazil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 27:123-130. [PMID: 29846445 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-296120180024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study had to determine the prevalence and spatial distribution of areas at risk of bovine fascioliasis in the state of Goiás, central-western Brazil between 2007 and 2014; to evaluate the associations of some epidemiological variables with occurrences of Fasciola hepatica in animals; and to estimate the economic losses that this parasite on the cattle industry. It could be concluded that of 23,255,979 animals slaughtered, the average prevalence of F. hepatica in cattle in Goiás during the period evaluated was 0.0026% (95% CI: 0.0024-0.0028). In the State of Goias, in about then years (since when this parasite was found for the first time by other researchers in 2007), F. hepatica was diagnosed in 168 new municipalities. Using the regression analysis, the effective bovine herd size was a significant risk factor (OR= 1.21; 95% CI 1.1022-1.4510; p ≤ 0.05) for cattle to be infected with fascioliasis in the state of Goiás. The cattle-rearing industry lost approximately R$ 15,072.75 (US$ 4,785) due to condemn of livers with Fasciola in the state of Goiás. New studies need to be conducted in these regions, with the aim to identify the likelihood of presence of intermediate hosts, which might serve as a source of F. hepatica infection for definitive hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Martins de Aquino
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia - EVZ, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | | | - Gabriel Augusto Marques Rossi
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - João Eduardo Nicaretta
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia - EVZ, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | | | - Leonardo Bueno Cruvinel
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia - EVZ, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - Luiz Fellipe Monteiro Couto
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia - EVZ, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | | | - Gustavo Felippelli
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Breno Cayeiro Cruz
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Willian Giquelim Maciel
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Lucas Vinicius Costa Gomes
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia - EVZ, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brasil.,Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública - IPTSP, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
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da Silva GS, Romera DM, da Silva Conhalato G, Soares VE, Meireles MV. Helminth infections in chickens (Gallus domesticus) raised in different production systems in Brazil. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2018; 12:55-60. [PMID: 31014810 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The current study evaluated helminth infections in birds raised in different production systems for different purposes (extensive/dual-purpose, semi-intensive/broiler, semi-intensive/hen, intensive/hen and intensive/broiler) in Brazil. A total of 374 birds was assessed for helminths at necropsy using standard parasitological methods. During the necropsies, organs from the gastrointestinal tract (crop, esophagus, proventriculus, gizzard, small intestine, large intestine and ceca) of each bird were collected and the contents fixed in 70% ethanol. Additionally, the trachea and eyes were assessed for the presence of helminths. The small intestine was examined using a methodology that allowed the recovery of cestode scolices attached to the intestinal mucosa. Stereomicroscopy and optical microscopy were used to detect and identify helminth species based on their morphological characteristics. Fifteen helminth species were found among birds from the different systems. The extensive system presented the highest number of helminth species (six cestodes, seven nematodes and one trematode) and the highest number of parasites (mean helminths/bird), followed by the semi-intensive system (broiler: six cestode and four nematode species; hens: five cestode and three nematode species). Hens from the intensive system were parasitized by five cestode, four nematode and one trematode species. No parasites were detected in broilers raised in the intensive systems. The results obtained in this study highlight the need for special attention and the implementation of biosecurity measures for the prevention of helminth infections in intensive systems (hens) and particularly in extensive and semi-intensive alternative poultry production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giane Serafim da Silva
- Instituto Biológico, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento, IB/APTA/SAA, PO Box 61, CEP 15505-970 Votuporanga, SP, Brazil.
| | - Daiane Mompean Romera
- Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, IAC/APTA/SAA, PO Box 61, CEP 15500-970 Votuporanga, SP, Brazil.
| | - Giane da Silva Conhalato
- Etec Frei Arnaldo Maria de Itaporanga, Rodovia Péricles Beline, km 121, SP 461, CEP 15500-000 Votuporanga, SP, Brazil
| | - Vando Edésio Soares
- Universidade Brasil, Campus Descalvado, Av. Hilário da Silva Passos, CEP 13690-000 Descalvado, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Vasconcelos Meireles
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Araçatuba, Rua Clóvis Pestana, 793, CEP 16050-680 Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
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Teixeira WFP, Tozato MEG, Pierucci JC, Vital GP, Cruz AC, Lopes WDZ, Cursino MS, Joaquim SF, Soares VE, Langoni H, Bresciani KDS, Costa AJD. Investigation of Toxoplasma gondii in semen, testicle and epididymis tissues of primo-infected cats (Felis catus). Vet Parasitol 2017; 238:90-93. [PMID: 28404209 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the presence of Toxoplasma gondii in semen, testicle and epididymis tissues of cats experimentally infected by this coccidium. A total of 12 male felines without a definite breed that were of reproductive age and serologically negative for T. gondii were selected and distributed to the following three experimental groups: GI, inoculated with 600 tissue cysts of the P strain of T. gondii (isolate III); GII, inoculated with 2×105 tachyzoites of the RH strain (isolate I); and GIII, not inoculated (control group). Prior to inoculation (day -7 and 0) and on post inoculation days (PIDs) 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, 56, and 70, all felines were subjected to assessments of anti-T. gondii IgG by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and assessments of parasitemia. Collection of semen (electroejaculation) was performed on the specified dates, followed by nested PCR and bioassays in mice to detect T. gondii. On PID 70, all 12 felines were orchiectomized, and the presence of the parasite in the testicles and epididymides was evaluated by nested PCR, murine bioassay, and histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. All felines inoculated with T. gondii (GI and GII) seroconverted to the toxoplasmic infection after PID 14; on PID 7, seroconversion of three felines (P4, RH2 and RH4) could observed, and all exhibited detectable titers by PID 64. The GII felines exhibited greater serological titers compared with GI felines. The maximum serological titer (IgG) was observed in feline RH3 (titer 1024), while in other experimental felines, a maximum titer of 256 was detected. Parasitemic peaks were diagnosed in all felines of groups I and II from PIDs 7-42. A total of five parasitemic peaks were diagnosed in GI and nine in GII. In none of the experimental time points was the presence of T. gondii diagnosed in seminal samples collected from the felines or in the testicle or epididymis tissues collected from these animals. Thus, sexual transmission in domestic cats does not appear to be a major route of T. gondii infection, possibly demonstrating the tendency of this protozoan to develop a response directed to the formation and excretion of oocysts in the feces of these definite hosts, which act as its main route of perpetuation in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weslen Fabricio Pires Teixeira
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, no number, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda Gonçalves Tozato
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, no number, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia Cestari Pierucci
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, no number, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovana Pavão Vital
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, no number, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Cayeiro Cruz
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, no number, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, no number, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74605050, Brazil.
| | - Marina Suzuki Cursino
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, no number, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samea Fernandes Joaquim
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, no number, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vando Edésio Soares
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, no number, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Universidade Brasil - Campus Descalvado, Brazil
| | - Helio Langoni
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, no number, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kátia Denise Saraiva Bresciani
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, no number, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alvimar José da Costa
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, no number, CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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Rossi GAM, Lopes WDZ, de Souza Almeida HM, Soares VE, Aguilar CEG, Vidal AMC, Prata LF, Ferraudo AS. Spatial distribution, prevalence and epidemiological risk factors of cysticercosis in cattle from state of São Paulo, Brazil, slaughtered for human consumption. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2017; 8:117-122. [PMID: 31014627 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This present research focused on establishing the prevalence, geospatial distribution and epidemiological risk factors for bovine cysticercosis in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, in cattle slaughtered for human comsumption. Data about the inspection of 104,180 bovine carcasses from 215 farms and from 70 municipalities were gathered between January and December of 2012. A cluster analysis was performed in order to correlate some variables: prevalence of bovine cysticercosis, total coffee harvesting area (hectares), orange producing areas (hectares) and Human Development Index. Afterwards, distribution maps were created in order to help the results interpretation. An average prevalence of 2.9% was established in the state of São Paulo during the studied period. The Administrative regions of São José do Rio Preto and Campinas had higher risk for cysticercosis (OR >1 and 95% CI >1). The cluster analysis showed a grouping (G1 cluster) of the variables: prevalence of bovine cysticercosis, total area of sugar cane harvested, total area of orange harvested and total area of coffee harvested. This agrroupment allows us to infer that cyticercosis cases in this region are correlated with those variables distribution. Such aspects indicate that the presence of temporary rural workers and other socioeconomic and cultural features in each region can contribute to bovine cysticercosis dissemination in some areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Augusto Marques Rossi
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), Via de acesso Paulo Castellane, s/n, CEP, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74605050, Brazil.
| | - Henrique Meiroz de Souza Almeida
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), Via de acesso Paulo Castellane, s/n, CEP, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vando Edésio Soares
- Universidade Brasil, Av. Hilário da Silva Passo 950, 13690-970, Descalvado, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Gamero Aguilar
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), Via de acesso Paulo Castellane, s/n, CEP, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Centola Vidal
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos (FZEA), Avenida Duque de Caxias Norte 225, CEP, 13635-900, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Francisco Prata
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), Via de acesso Paulo Castellane, s/n, CEP, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Sergio Ferraudo
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), Via de acesso Paulo Castellane, s/n, CEP, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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Pereira MN, Rossi GAM, Lopes WDZ, Almeida HMDS, Mathias LA, Soares VE, Vidal AMC. Spatial analysis of bovine cysticercosis in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil - The needs of interventions in animal and human populations. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2017; 8:94-98. [PMID: 31014647 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The Taenia saginata-cysticercosis complex is an important zoonosis for public health and an important cause of economical losses for beef supply chain in developing and industrialized countries. Despite some risk factors for high-occurrence areas have already been described, further studies are required to better understand its global epidemiology. So, this study focused on establishing the prevalence, spatial distribution and environmental and human population aspects correlated with bovine cysticercosis prevalence in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. To this, we used data of 7,415,998 animals slaughtered from all 79 municipalities located in this state. Cysticercosis prevalence showed spatial distribution dependence (Moran Index=0.375, p=0.01) and some areas presented higher risk. Positive correlations of bovine cysticercosis prevalence with human population density (R=0.5712, p=3.85 e-08) and rainfall index (R=0.631, p=0.03) were observed. A negative correlation (R=-0.4637, p=2.096 e-05) with cattle population size was also established. These results highlight the importance of adopting sanitary measures to prevent environment contamination, besides other prophylactic measures like the treatment of human patients in order to reduce the Taenia saginata-cysticercosis complex occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Nunes Pereira
- Esp. Instituto Qualittas de Pós-Graduação, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Ciências dos Alimentos, Av. Admar Gonzaga, 1346, CEP 88034-001, Itacorubi, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Augusto Marques Rossi
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), Via de acesso Paulo Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74605-050 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
| | - Henrique Meiroz de Souza Almeida
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), Via de acesso Paulo Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Luis Antonio Mathias
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), Via de acesso Paulo Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Vando Edésio Soares
- Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco (Unicastelo), Av. Hilário da Silva Passo 950, 13690-970 Descalvado, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ana Maria Centola Vidal
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos (FZEA), Avenida Duque de Caxias Norte 225, CEP 13635-900 Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil.
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de Souza JBR, Soares VE, Maia MO, Pereira CM, Ferraudo AS, Cruz BC, Pires Teixeira WF, Felippelli G, Maciel WG, Gonçalves WA, da Costa AJ, Zanetti Lopes WD. Spatial distribution and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity in cattle slaughtered for human consumption in Rondônia, North region, Brazil. Vet Parasitol 2016; 226:145-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Gomes LVC, Lopes WDZ, Teixeira WFP, Maciel WG, Cruz BC, Felippelli G, Buzzulini C, Soares VE, de Melo DP, Bichuette MA, Gonçalves Junior G, da Costa AJ. Population dynamics and evaluation of the partial selective treatment of crossbreed steers naturally infested with Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus in a herd from the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil. Vet Parasitol 2016; 220:72-6. [PMID: 26995724 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the population dynamics of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus over a period of 13 months on a rural property located in the state of Minas Gerais in southeastern Brazil. Animals were treated for ticks indoors by whole body spraying when R. (B.) microplus had an average count equal or more than 30 ticks. The study also evaluated the possibility of a partial selective treatment for bovines to control R. (B.) microplus in which only a percentage of the population would be treated (specifically those bovines with tick counts of ≥20. Moreover, we examined the percentage of the population of R. (B.) microplus present on experimental bovines that did not come into contact with the chemical compounds used in the partial selective treatment. We concluded that in this particular region of Brazil, the crossbreed steers support up to five R. (B.) microplus generations per year and that the number of generations was primarily affected by the pluviometric precipitation. We sprayed the bovines with chemicals seven times during the course of the study. The results of the partial selective treatment method revealed that during the rainy and the dry periods, 42.1% to 60.0% and 61.9% to 79.2% of the animals, respectively, fulfilled the criteria to receive a chemical treatment to reduce the number of cattle ticks. In consideration of the need to slow the development of tick resistance with the chemical compounds used in the spraying treatment, the results showed that the percentage of animals that did not require treatment is not relevant. This was evidenced by the result that bovines that presented tick counts of ≥20 during the dry and rainy periods represented 91.5% and 90.6% of the total recorded R. (B.) microplus populations, respectively. Only 8.7% of the tick population remained free from exposure to acaricides during the 13 months of the study, which is an important point when considering the adoption of the partial selective treatment method. Future studies with larger herds must be conducted on these topics; however, our results suggest that the partial selective treatment method most likely will not slow the development of resistance in this R. (B.) microplus population against the chemical compound used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Vinicius Costa Gomes
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74605050, Brazil.
| | - Weslen Fabricio Pires Teixeira
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Willian Giquelin Maciel
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Breno Cayeiro Cruz
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Felippelli
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Buzzulini
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vando Edésio Soares
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; UNICASTELO-Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco, Brazil
| | - Daniel Pacheco de Melo
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Murilo Abud Bichuette
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Gonçalves Junior
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alvimar José da Costa
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Access route Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, CEP: 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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Silva GSD, Romera DM, Prado MBD, Soares VE, Meireles MV. Mello and Campos (1974) method adapted for the recovery of cestodes in birds ( Gallus domesticus ). Arq Inst Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1808-1657000752015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT: The specific diagnosis and evaluation of the intensity of avian helminth infections are essential for efficacy studies and the determination of drug doses targeted to their control. This study evaluated the Mello and Campos method, originally described for parasitological diagnosis in dogs, in the recovery of scolices from cestode parasites of poultry (Gallus domesticus ). A total of 52 naturally infected birds obtained from farms underwent parasitological necropsy using the Mello and Campos method. The method consisted of four steps: content, soaking, scraping and evaluation. The number of scolices recovered per bird ranged from 1 to 4,345, and the highest number of scolices was recovered from material derived from the soaking step. The cestodes species diagnosed were Amoebotaenia cuneata , Choanotaenia infundibulum , Hymenolepis sp., Raillietina tetragona , Raillietina echinobothrida and Raillietina cesticillus . The Mello and Campos method, originally used to test for helminths in dogs, was effective in avian cestode testing because it includes a soaking step, which enables a more efficient recovery of scolices.
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Maciel WG, Lopes WDZ, Cruz BC, Gomes LVC, Teixeira WFP, Buzzulini C, Bichuette MA, Campos GP, Felippelli G, Soares VE, de Oliveira GP, da Costa AJ. Ten years later: Evaluation of the effectiveness of 12.5% amitraz against a field population of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus using field studies, artificial infestation (Stall tests) and adult immersion tests. Vet Parasitol 2015; 214:233-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Bichuette MA, Lopes WDZ, Gomes LVC, Felippelli G, Cruz BC, Maciel WG, Teixeira WFP, Buzzulini C, Prando L, Soares VE, Campos GP, da Costa AJ. Susceptibility of helminth species parasites of sheep and goats to different chemical compounds in Brazil. Small Rumin Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Carvalho RS, Ruivo MA, Colli MHA, Pereira V, Martinez AC, Mazzucatto BC, Cruz BC, Maciel WG, Felippelli G, Teixeira WFP, Soares VE, Costa AJD, Lopes WDZ. Occurrences of Oestrus ovis parasitism in necropsied sheep in the Umuarama microregion, Paraná, Brazil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 24:370-4. [PMID: 26291142 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612015044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Between January 2007 and September 2013, 71 sheep belonging to 12 farms in the Umuarama microregion, State of Paraná, were evaluated regarding presence of Oestrus ovis larvae, during necropsies. The farms from which these animals originated were visited and the owners and employees were interviewed. Occurrences of O. ovis parasitism in sheep were diagnosed for the first time on this microregion. Of the 71 animals, 12 (16.9%) were parasitized by O. ovis, with mean intensity of 2.25 larvae per infested head (1 to 8 larvae/infested head). There was a high correlation (0.81, p=0.0346) between the number of larvae and the macroscopic lesions observed in these animals' nasal cavities, such that sheep with more than 3 larvae may contain mucupurulent secretions or epistaxis. From the interviews conducted, it was found that all the farm owners were applying chemical parasite control methods (helminths and/or O. ovis), administered to all animals in the herds every 30 days (91.6% of the producers), using derivatives of macrocyclic lactones and/or benzimidazoles/imidazothiazoles. Further studies need to be conducted in this particular region, in an attempt to elucidate the prevalence of O. ovis parasitism in herds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Breno Cayeiro Cruz
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP, BR
| | - Willian Giquelin Maciel
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP, BR
| | - Gustavo Felippelli
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP, BR
| | | | - Vando Edésio Soares
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP, BR
| | - Alvimar José da Costa
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP, BR
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Felippelli G, Cruz BC, Gomes LVC, Lopes WDZ, Teixeira WFP, Maciel WG, Buzzulini C, Bichuette MA, Campos GP, Soares VE, Bergamasco PLF, de Oliveira GP, da Costa AJ. Susceptibility of helminth species from horses against different chemical compounds in Brazil. Vet Parasitol 2015; 212:232-8. [PMID: 26277565 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
By means of parasitological necropsies, the present study aimed to evaluate, in six experiments, the degree of susceptibility or resistance of different helminth species which naturally infect horses to ivermectin 0.2 mg/kg, abamectin 0.2 mg/kg, moxidectin 0.4 mg/kg, trichlorfon 35 mg/kg, ivermectin 0.2 mg/kg+praziquantel 2.5 mg/kg, abamectin 0.2 mg/kg+praziquantel 2.5 mg/kg and ivermectin 0.2 mg/kg+6.6 mg/kg pyrantel. At experimental day zero, the horses were allocated to treatment groups based on average counts of strongylid eggs per gram of feces (EPG) obtained on days -3, -2 and -1. Oxyuris sp. infections were confirmed as positive or negative. All the animals in the six experiments were naturally infected by this helminth species. Each group (control or treated) consisted of six animals. All the assessed Habronema muscae populations analyzed were susceptible to ivermectin, abamectin and moxidectin. Of the six Trichostrongylus axei populations, four were susceptible to ivermectin, abamectin, moxidectin, trichlorfon and ivermectin+praziquantel, and two were resistant to abamectin+praziquantel and ivermectin+pyrantel. Both Strongyloides westeri populations analyzed were susceptible to ivermectin, abamectin, moxidectin and abamectin+praziquantel. For O. equi, resistance was found in four different populations treated with ivermectin, abamectin, moxidectin, trichlorfon and ivermectin+praziquantel. Only combinations of abamectin+praziquantel and ivermectin+pyrantel were effective against this parasite species. All the large strongyles diagnosed in the present study (Strongyus edentatus, Strongyus vulgaris and Triodontophorus serratus) were susceptible to all the chemicals tested, with the exception of trichlorfon. Of the Cyathostominae populations, one was diagnosed as resistant to ivermectin and another to trichlorfon. The remaining populations from this nematode group were considered to be sensitive to ivermectin, abamectin, moxidectin, ivermectin+praziquantel, abamectin+praziquantel and ivermectin+pyrantel. New studies should be performed in different regions to evaluate the efficacy of trichlorfon in others field populations of helminthes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Felippelli
- CPPAR - Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, s/n°. CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Breno Cayeiro Cruz
- CPPAR - Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, s/n°. CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Vinicius Costa Gomes
- CPPAR - Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, s/n°. CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- CPPAR - Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, s/n°. CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74605-050, Brazil..
| | - Weslen Fabrício Pires Teixeira
- CPPAR - Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, s/n°. CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Willian Giquelin Maciel
- CPPAR - Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, s/n°. CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Buzzulini
- CPPAR - Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, s/n°. CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Murilo Abud Bichuette
- CPPAR - Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, s/n°. CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Pimentel Campos
- CPPAR - Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, s/n°. CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vando Edésio Soares
- CPPAR - Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, s/n°. CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula Luzia Formigoni Bergamasco
- CPPAR - Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, s/n°. CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilson Pereira de Oliveira
- CPPAR - Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, s/n°. CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alvimar José da Costa
- CPPAR - Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellane, s/n°. CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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Silva HC, Prette N, Lopes WDZ, Sakamoto CAM, Buzzulini C, Dos Santos TR, Cruz BC, Teixeira WFP, Felippelli G, Carvalho RS, Maciel WG, Soares VE, da Costa AJ. Endectocide activity of a pour-on formulation containing 1.5 per cent ivermectin +0.5 per cent abamectin in cattle. Vet Rec Open 2015; 2:e000072. [PMID: 26392893 PMCID: PMC4567150 DOI: 10.1136/vetreco-2014-000072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work aimed to evaluate, through ten different studies, the therapeutic efficacy of a new pour-on formulation, containing 1.5 per cent ivermectin +0.5 per cent abamectin, against parasites of cattle. Results obtained on trials against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus showed that the pour-on combination of 1.5 per cent ivermectin +0.5 per cent abamectin obtained superior efficacy indexes against this ectoparasite, when compared with formulations containing 0.5 per cent ivermectin, 1 per cent ivermectin and the combination of 1 per cent abamectin +20 per cent levamisole. The results of efficacy of the ivermectin+abamectin and the 0.5 per cent ivermectin against Haematobia irritans were similar. Against Cochliomyia hominivorax larvae, all pour-on formulations tested (1.5 per cent ivermectin +0.5 per cent abamectin, 0.5 per cent ivermectin and 0.5 per cent abamectin), as well as 1 per cent doramectin administered subcutaneously, were considered ineffective. Cattle medicated with 1.5 per cent ivermectin +0.5 per cent abamectin, pour-on, remained free from parasitism by Dermatobia hominis larvae during 42 days (96 per cent efficacy), while values superior to 90 per cent were obtained by 0.5 per cent ivermectin (92 per cent) and 0.5 per cent abamectin (93 per cent) until the 42nd and 35th days post treatment, respectively. Against Haemonchus placei and Oesophagostomum radiatum, the pour-on of ivermectin+abamectin showed better efficacy than the 0.5 per cent ivermectin and 0.5 per cent abamectin. As to Cooperia punctata, there was no difference regarding efficacy results obtained by the avermectins combination and abamectin. The pour-on combination of 1.5 per cent ivermectin +0.5 per cent abamectin obtained high efficacy against R. (B.) microplus, D. hominis and some species of cattle gastrointestinal helminths when compared with formulations of 0.5 per cent ivermectin and 0.5 per cent abamectin administered through the same route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloisa Cristina Silva
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani , Jaboticabal, São Paulo , Brazil ; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Instituto de Ciência da Saúde da Universidade Federal da Bahia Salvador-Bahia, Brazil
| | - Nancy Prette
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani , Jaboticabal, São Paulo , Brazil ; Departament of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal da Paraíba - Campus II, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani , Jaboticabal, São Paulo , Brazil ; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Goiás - Regional de Jataí Jataí, GO, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Alessandro M Sakamoto
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani , Jaboticabal, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Carolina Buzzulini
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani , Jaboticabal, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Thais Rabelo Dos Santos
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani , Jaboticabal, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Breno Cayeiro Cruz
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani , Jaboticabal, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Weslen F Pires Teixeira
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani , Jaboticabal, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Gustavo Felippelli
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani , Jaboticabal, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Rafael Silveira Carvalho
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Campus de Umuarama, Umuarama-Paraná, Brazil
| | - Willian Giquelin Maciel
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani , Jaboticabal, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Vando Edésio Soares
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani , Jaboticabal, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Alvimar José da Costa
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani , Jaboticabal, São Paulo , Brazil
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Gomes LVC, Lopes WDZ, Cruz BC, Teixeira WF, Felippelli G, Maciel WG, Bichuette MA, Ruivo MA, Alcantara Colli MH, Carvalho RS, Martinez AC, Soares VE, da Costa AJ. Acaricidal effects of fluazuron (2.5 mg/kg) and a combination of fluazuron (1.6 mg/kg) + ivermectin (0.63 mg/kg), administered at different routes, against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus parasitizing cattle. Exp Parasitol 2015; 153:22-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ferreira MM, Revoredo TB, Ragazzi JP, Soares VE, Ferraldo AS, Mendonça RPD, Lopes WDZ. Prevalência, distribuição espacial e fatores de risco para cisticercose bovina no estado de São Paulo. Pesq Vet Bras 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2014001200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
O presente trabalho teve como objetivos determinar a prevalência, a distribuição geográfica bem como os fatores e áreas de risco associados à cisticercose bovina no Estado de São Paulo. Foram inspecionados 34.443 animais, machos e fêmeas e com faixas etárias variando entre 18 a 60 meses. Os bovinos eram procedentes de 97 municípios do Estado de São Paulo, devidamente identificados e abatidos no período de outubro de 2010 a agosto de 2011, em um frigorífico localizado na cidade de Ipuã-SP, sob supervisão do SIF 1387. O estado de São Paulo foi dividido em núcleos regionais, e os dados dos municípios pertencentes ao respectivo núcleo, foram agrupados, conforme a Secretaria de Abastecimento e Agropecuária de São Paulo, totalizando 13 núcleos estudados. Com base nos resultados encontrados, pode-se concluir que dos 97 municípios analisados, foi possível encontrar bovinos positivos para a enfermidade em questão em 86. A prevalência média de cisticercose bovina no estado de São Paulo foi de 4,80%, sendo que os núcleos de Franca e Barretos foram os que tiveram maior número de casos da enfermidade durante o período analisado. Além disso, o maior número de casos nestes núcleos coincidiu com o menor índice de desenvolvimento humano referente à educação, com a maior área de plantio de café (núcleo de Franca) e também como a maior área de cana-de-açúcar cultivada (núcleo de Barretos) nestes locais, o que por sua vez pode indicar que a presença da mão-de-obra temporária no meio rural, aliado a aspectos socioeconômico/cultural, pode estar contribuindo para a disseminação e estabelecimento da cisticercose bovina nestas áreas.
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Corrêa RR, Lopes WDZ, Teixeira WFP, Cruz BC, Gomes LVC, Felippelli G, Maciel WG, Fávero FC, Buzzulini C, Bichuette MA, Soares VE, da Costa AJ. A comparison of three different methodologies for evaluating Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus susceptibility to topical spray compounds. Vet Parasitol 2014; 207:115-24. [PMID: 25468670 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare three different methodologies (Adult Immersion Tests, field trials with naturally infected animals, and a Stall Test using artificially infested cattle) to evaluate the efficacy of two topical formulations that we administered as whole body sprays (15% Cypermethrin+30% Chlorpyriphos+15% Fenthion-Colosso(®) FC 30, Ouro Fino Agronegócios; and 60% Dichlorvos+20% Chlorpyriphos-Ectofós(®), Vallée Saúde Animal Ltd.), against a susceptible strain of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. To achieve this objective, two natural infestation trials were conducted, as well as two artificial infestation trials (Stall Tests) and two Adult Immersion Tests (AIT). The AIT results showed that both spray formulations achieved 100% efficacy against R. (B.) microplus fully engorged females. However, when observing results obtained by field trials (natural infestations) and Stall Tests, none of these topically applied compounds reached 100% efficacy or affected the reproductive capacity of the fully engorged female ticks. Additional studies must be conducted to compare these in vivo methodologies with different in vitro techniques, such as the Larval Packet Test. However, based on results obtained here, we can conclude that depending on the spray formulations used, the AIT can overestimate acaricidal efficacy and values of reproductive efficiency of such compounds against R (B.) microplus. Specifically, when dealing with spray formulations in the Stall Tests, the period of residual action can increase because these animals are sheltered from contact with environmental factors that might interfere with the efficacy of the products tested. It may be necessary to take in vivo trial results into consideration (such as field trials with naturally infested animals or Stall Tests) to standardize a specific in vitro assay, such as the Adult Immersion Test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Rodrigues Corrêa
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Goiás, Regional de Jataí, Goiás, Brazil.
| | - Weslen Fabricio Pires Teixeira
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Breno Cayeiro Cruz
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Vinicius Costa Gomes
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Felippelli
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Willian Giquelin Maciel
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávia Carolina Fávero
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Buzzulini
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Murilo Abud Bichuette
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vando Edésio Soares
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; UNICASTELO - Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco, Descalvado, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alvimar José da Costa
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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Felippelli G, Lopes WDZ, Cruz BC, Teixeira WFP, Maciel WG, Fávero FC, Buzzulini C, Sakamoto C, Soares VE, Gomes LVC, de Oliveira GP, da Costa AJ. Nematode resistance to ivermectin (630 and 700μg/kg) in cattle from the Southeast and South of Brazil. Parasitol Int 2014; 63:835-40. [PMID: 25130588 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two high doses of ivermectin (630μg/kg and 700μg/kg) that are sold commercially in Brazil were evaluated in dose-and-slaughter trials with 144 naturally nematode-infected cattle from eight regions within the states of Minas Gerias, São Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil. Treatment groups were based on fecal egg counts 1, 2, and 3days before treatment; all animals studied had a minimum egg count of at least 500 eggs per gram of feces (EPG). Post-mortem analyses were conducted on day 14. The highest levels of resistance to ivermectin were found for Haemonchus placei, Cooperia punctata and Oesophagostomum radiatum; all populations of H. placei were resistant to the 630μg/kg dose, and 67% were resistant to 700μg/kg; 86% of C. punctata were resistant to the 630μg/kg dose, and 33% were resistant to 700μg/kg. A combined analysis revealed that 57% of O. radiatum were resistant to the lower dose of ivermectin. H. placei, C. punctata and O. radiatum, in order, were the nematode populations with the highest indices of resistance, whereas Trichostrongylus axei was the most susceptible to 630 and 700μg/kg dosages of ivermectin. The results of helminthic resistance to ivermectin for different populations of H. placei and C. punctata described in the present study support previous literature data, in which a small decrease in the average parasitic burden of C. punctata and a consequent increase of H. placei were observed in cattle from the Southeast, South and Center-West regions of Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Felippelli
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo-Brasil, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo-Brasil, Brazil.
| | - Breno Cayeiro Cruz
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo-Brasil, Brazil
| | - Weslen Fabricio Pires Teixeira
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo-Brasil, Brazil
| | - Willian Giquelin Maciel
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo-Brasil, Brazil
| | - Flávia Carolina Fávero
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo-Brasil, Brazil
| | - Carolina Buzzulini
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo-Brasil, Brazil
| | - Claudio Sakamoto
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo-Brasil, Brazil
| | - Vando Edésio Soares
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo-Brasil, Brazil; UNICASTELO - Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco, Brazil
| | - Lucas Vinicius Costa Gomes
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo-Brasil, Brazil
| | - Gilson Pereira de Oliveira
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo-Brasil, Brazil
| | - Alvimar José da Costa
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo-Brasil, Brazil
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Lopes WDZ, Cruz BC, Teixeira WFP, Felippelli G, Maciel WG, Buzzulini C, Gomes LVC, Favero F, Soares VE, Bichuette MA, de Oliveira GP, da Costa AJ. Efficacy of fipronil (1.0mg/kg) against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus strains resistant to ivermectin (0.63mg/kg). Prev Vet Med 2014; 115:88-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2014.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Revised: 04/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Cruz BC, Teixeira WFP, Maciel WG, Felippelli G, Fávero FC, Cruz AC, Buzzulini C, Soares VE, Gomes LVC, Lopes WDZ, de Oliveira GP, da Costa AJ. Effects of fluazuron (2.5 mg/kg) and a combination of fluazuron (3.0 mg/kg) + abamectin (0.5 mg/kg) on the reproductive parameters of a field population of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus on experimentally infested cattle. Res Vet Sci 2014; 97:80-4. [PMID: 24837997 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The current study assessed the deleterious effects of two formulations of fluazuron (2.5 mg/kg fluazuron and a combination of 3.0 mg/kg fluazuron + 0.5 mg/kg abamectin) on the reproductive parameters of engorged Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus females that naturally detached from experimentally infested cattle in two experiments. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that fluazuron (2.5 mg/kg) showed deleterious effects only on the hatchability percentage in the period of 2-7 post-treatment days of this ectoparasite's engorged females. On the other hand, the fluazuron (3.0 mg/kg) + abamectin (0.5 mg/kg) combination presented harmful effects over reproductive parameters of this tick species. Further studies should be performed with a known tick population (reference susceptible strain) to determine the effect of these formulations on the reproductive parameters and to elucidate if this field population is fluazuron resistant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breno Cayeiro Cruz
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Weslen Fabricio Pires Teixeira
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Willian Giquelin Maciel
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Gustavo Felippelli
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Flávia Carolina Fávero
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - André Cayeiro Cruz
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Carolina Buzzulini
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Vando Edésio Soares
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Lucas Vinicius Costa Gomes
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil.
| | - Gilson Pereira de Oliveira
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Alvimar José da Costa
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
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Lopes WDZ, Carvalho RS, Pereira V, Martinez AC, Cruz BC, Teixeira WF, Maciel WG, da Costa AJ, Soares VE, Borges DGL, de Souza Rodriguez F, de Almeida Borges F. Efficacy of sulfadoxine+trimethoprim compared to management measures for the control of Eimeria parasitism in naturally infected and clinically asymptomatic sheep that were maintained in a feedlot. Small Rumin Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Lopes WDZ, Cruz BC, Soares VE, Nunes JLN, Teixeira WFP, Maciel WG, Buzzulini C, Pereira JCM, Felippelli G, Soccol VT, de Oliveira GP, da Costa AJ. Historic of therapeutic efficacy of albendazol sulphoxide administered in different routes, dosages and treatment schemes, against Taenia saginata cysticercus in cattle experimentally infected. Exp Parasitol 2013; 137:14-20. [PMID: 24309372 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2013.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to notify the history of albendazole sulphoxide (ALB-SO) and albendazole (ALBZ) efficacy against Taenia saginata cysticercus (Cysticercus bovis) parasitizing experimentally infected bovines. A total of 11 efficacy trials were performed between the years of 2002 and 2010. In order to perform these trials, animals were individually inoculated with 2×10(4) eggs of T. saginata in each study's day zero (D0). For every trial, a positive control group (untreated infected animals) and a negative control group (animals that were neither infected nor treated) were used. ALB-SO or ALB were administered in the different dosages, in different days of treatments. In a last study with this formulation, this active principle was administered orally, mixed with the mineral supplement, on the 60th DPI, in a dosage of 30mg/kg. In all trials, on the 100th DPI, all animals were euthanized and submitted to the sequenced slicing of 26 anatomical segments (fragments of approximately five millimeters) for the survey of T. saginata cysticercus. With the obtained results it is possible to verify that in the first trials, conducted in 2002, ALB-SO reached, independently of dosage and treatment scheme, efficacies superior to 98% (arithmetic means). The trials conducted in 2005 (2.5mg/kg on the 30th, 60th, and 90th DPI) obtained values of efficacy all inferior to 60%. In 2008, the trials with 2.5 and 7.7mg/kg demonstrated efficacy values inferior to 40%, for both dosages and treatment schemes (30th/60th/90th DPI and 60th DPI). When this formulation was administered orally on the dosage of 30mg/kg on the 60th DPI, the efficacy against T. saginata cysticercus reached 88.28%. ALB administered orally showed efficacy values of 0.0%, 29.88% and 28.64% in the dosages of 5, 10 and 15mg/kg, respectively, using the treatment schemes described above for each dosage. Based on the results of these trials, conducted in an eight year period (2002-2010) using the sequenced slicing method for evaluating the efficacy of the aforementioned formulations against T. saginata cysticercus, it is possible to observe that, amongst the few molecules used in the chemotherapic treatment against T. saginata larvae, ALB-SO, administered in varied routes, dosages and treatment schemes, the studies conducted in 2008, 2009, and 2010, have a low therapeutic efficacy against C. bovis in Brazil, while ALBZ had insignificant efficacy values against T. saginata larvae parasitizing experimentally infected bovines. However, future studies using molecular biology will be necessary to assess whether the difference on the efficacy of the ALB-SO can be related to strain or another specific factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Breno Cayeiro Cruz
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vando Edésio Soares
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco - UNICASTELO. Av. Hilário da Silva Passos, 950. Parqui universitário - Descalvado-SP, CEP13690-970, Brazil
| | - Jorge Luis N Nunes
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Centro Universitário Barão de Mauá. Rua Laguna, 241 - Jardim Paulista, Ribeirão Preto-SP, CEP 1409-180, Brazil
| | - Weslen Fabricio Pires Teixeira
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Willian Giquelin Maciel
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Buzzulini
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Carlos Melo Pereira
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Felippelli
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanette Thomaz Soccol
- Universidade Federal do Paraná. Rua Quinze de Novembro, Curitiba-PR, CEP 80060-000, Brazil
| | - Gilson Pereira de Oliveira
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alvimar José da Costa
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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Sakamoto CAM, Lopes WDZ, Buzzulini C, Cruz BC, Felippelli G, de Lima RCA, dos Santos TR, Santana LF, de Mendonça RP, Soares VE, Henrique CH, da Costa AJ. Anthelmintic efficacy of an oral formulation of Aurixazol against gastrointestinal nematodes of naturally and experimentally infected sheep. Vet Parasitol 2013; 198:336-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Alessandro M Sakamoto
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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Lopes WDZ, Teixeira WFP, Felippelli G, Cruz BC, Maciel WG, Soares VE, dos Santos TR, de Matos LVS, Fávero FC, da Costa AJ. Assessing resistance of ivermectin and moxidectin against nematodes in cattle naturally infected using three different methodologies. Res Vet Sci 2013; 96:133-8. [PMID: 24290235 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) and the faecal egg count efficacy test (FECET) to assess the resistance status of ivermectin (630 μg/kg) and moxidectin (200 μg/kg), using the controlled efficacy test as a reference, and whether the results of the EPG are equivalent to the efficacy results from the parasitological necropsies. Two experiments were conducted. The results demonstrate that it was not possible to demonstrate that the EPG values were equivalent with the ivermectin and moxidectin efficacy obtained by parasitological necropsies, mainly if the phenomenon of parasites resistance is not advanced in a determined field population. Maybe the FECET technique would be possibly better than the FECRT. The high anthelmintic efficacy of 200 μg/kg moxidectin, in naturally infected cattle, against field population of nematodes that are resistant to 630 μg/kg ivermectin, was observed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Weslen Fabricio Pires Teixeira
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Felippelli
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Breno Cayeiro Cruz
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Willian Giquelin Maciel
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vando Edésio Soares
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; UNICASTELO - Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco, Brazil
| | - Thais Rabelo dos Santos
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Vinicius Shigaki de Matos
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávia Carolina Fávero
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alvimar José da Costa
- CPPAR, Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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