[Effect of L-Type Amino Acid Transporter 1 Expression on Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma]

OBJECTIVE

To detect the expression of L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) tissues, and analyze its effect on clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients.

METHODS

A total of 92 NHL patients who were treated in our hospital from January 2017 to April 2019 were collected. The expression of LAT1 in NHL tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry and compared between patients with different pathological features (including sex, Ann Arbor stage, extranodal infiltration, Ki-67). The risk factors affecting mortality were analyzed using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to detect the predictive value of percentage of LAT1-positive cells in NHL tissue for patient mortality, and analyzing the effect of percentage of LAT1-positive cells on survival rate.

RESULTS

LAT1 was positively expressed in NHL tissue. The high expression rate of LAT1 in Ann Arbor stage III and IV groups were higher than that in Ann Arbor stage I group, that in extranodal infiltration group was higher than non-extranodal infiltration group, and that in Ki-67 positive expression group was higher than Ki-67 negative expression group (all P < 0.05). The remission rate after 3 courses of treatment in high-LAT1 expression group was 70.7%, which was lower than 91.2% in low-LAT1 expression group (P < 0.05). Ann Arbor stage III and IV, extranodal invasion, Ki-67 positive expression and increased expression of LAT1 (LAT1-positive cell percentage score ≥2) were risk factors for mortality. The cut-off value of percentage of LAT1-positive cells for predicting NHL death was 45.6%, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.905 (95%CI: 0.897-0.924). The 3-year survival rate of high-LAT1 level group (the percentage of LAT1-positive cells≥45.6%) was 50.00%, which was lower than 78.26% of low-LAT1 level group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

The expression level of LAT1 in NHL tissue increases, which affects Ann Arbor stage and extranodal infiltration of patients. LAT1 is a risk factor for death.

[Effects of two dusting methods on histopathology and cytokines in rat lung tissue]

Objective: To investigate the Effects of different dusting methods on pathological changes and cytokines in rat lung tissue. Methods: 84 healthy male SPF Wistar rats, were randomly divided into control group and dynamic dusting group, tracheal perfusion group, On the day 3, 14, 28, and 60 after the dust exposure, 7 rats in each group were randomly selected and killed. Record the weight of rats and calculate the lung coefficient; Observe the pathological changes of lung tissue by HE staining, Evaluate the pulmonary collagen fibrosis by Masson staining, observe The changes of area ratio of collagen fibers in lung tissue Sirius scarlet staining, Use enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect the content of transforming growth factor (TGF) -β1 and hydroxyproline (HYP) in lung tissue homogenate. Results: After the rats were exposed to dust, the dynamic dusting group and the tracheal perfusion group varied significantly in lung histopathology at four time points, and alveolar inflammation and Pulmonary fibrosis scores were higher than the control group (P<0.05) ; The percentage of type I and type III collagen fiber area of tracheal perfusion group was higher than that in the dynamic dusting group in the four time points (P<0.05) ; The content of TGF-β1 in lung tissue homogenate of rats in the tracheal perfusion group was higher than that in the dynamic dusting group on the day 3 and 14 (P<0.05) ; The content of Hyp in the tracheal perfusion group was higher than that in the dynamic dusting group on the day 28 (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The acute lung injury of rats can be caused by dynamic dusting group and tracheal perfusion group. The lung histopathology shows inflammation and fibrosis, but the lung tissue injury of rats is more serious and the pathological changes are more obvious.

[Investigation of hearing loss and speech recognition ability of the elderly and analysis of its high risk factors]

Objective: To investigate the hearing loss and speech disorders in the elderly, to analyze the risk factors of the elderly deafness, as well as to provide reference for the clinical research of the elderly deafness. Methods: From March 2016 to March 2018, 913 elderly people, who were tested for hearing and speech disorders, were examined by a unified questionnaire to investigate the demographic data of the subjects and the related factors of deafness, and the hearing and speech recognition tests were carried out. According to the hearing loss, the hearing impaired group was divided into the hearing impaired group (500, 1 000, 2 000 and 4 000 Hz, the average hearing threshold>25 dBHL) and the non hearing impaired group (the average hearing threshold of the four frequencies ≤25 dBHL), and then the single factor analysis and the unconditional Logistic regression analysis were used. Finally, the risk factors of senile deafness were analyzed. Results: Of the 913 elderly subjects in the survey, 389 (42.61%, 389/913) had no hearing impaired, 345 (37.79%, 345/913) were mild hearing impaired, and 149 (16.32%, 149/913) had moderate hearing loss. Twenty-six patients were severe hearing loss (2.85%, 26/913); 4 patients had severe hearing loss (0.44%, 4/913). Among the 524 hearing-impaired elderly, there were 244 speech-recognition disorders (46.56%, 244/524), of whom 106 were mild hearing-impaired, accounting for 30.72% (106/345), 108 were moderate hearing loss, accounting for 72.48% (108/149), 26 were severe hearing loss, accounting for 100% (26/26), and 4 were the profound hearing loss, accounting for 100% (4/4). Statistical analysis showed that the age, job status, history of hypertension, history of hyperglycemia, and smoking history were independent risk factors for senile hearing loss (P<0.05). Conclusions: High incidences of hearing and speech recognition obstacle are found in health examination for the elderly patients. Noise exposure, age, history of hypertension, high blood sugar, and smoking history are high-risk factors for senile deafness, therefore, prevention and rehabilitation programs are urgent to be developed.

Correlation between stress and carrier nonradiative recombination for silicon nanocrystals in an oxide matrix

Silicon nanocrystals embedded in an oxide matrix formed in a multilayer architecture were deposited by the magnetron sputtering method. By means of Raman spectroscopy we have found that compressive stress is exerted on the silicon nanocrystal core. The stress varies as a function of silicon concentration (O/Si ratio) in the silicon-rich oxide (SRO) layers, which can be attributed to the changing nanocrystal environment. By conducting the time-resolved spectroscopy experiment, we demonstrate that, depending on the nanocrystal surroundings, a different amount of nonradiative recombination sites participates in the excited carrier relaxation process, leading to changes of the relative quantum yield of photoluminescence.

Quantitative evaluation of boron-induced disorder in multilayers containing silicon nanocrystals in an oxide matrix designed for photovoltaic applications

The effect of doping by boron on optical properties of multilayers containing Si-NCs were studied by means of photoluminescence (PL), time-resolved PL, photoluminescence excitation (PLE), transmission and reflection measurements. It was found that PL decay is strongly non-single exponential and can be described by means of Laplace transform of log-normal decay rates distribution. It was also proposed that changes observed in the distribution central moments reflect the disorder induced by boron-doping.

Effects of Si-rich oxide layer stoichiometry on the structural and optical properties of Si QD/SiO2 multilayer films

The effects of the stoichiometry of the Si-rich oxide (SRO) layer, O/Si ratio, on the structural and optical properties of SRO/SiO2 multilayer films were investigated in this work. SRO/SiO2 multilayer films with different O/Si ratios were grown by a co-sputtering technique, and Si quantum dots (QDs) were formed with post-deposition annealing. By transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and glancing incidence x-ray diffraction (GIXRD), it was found that the Si QD size decreases with increases in O/Si ratio. The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum varies with the O/Si ratio in band position, shape and intensity. In addition, it was observed that the absorption edge blue-shifts with increases in the O/Si ratio. The change in the absorption edge is consistent with strengthening quantum confinement effects in Si QDs, as indicated by TEM and GIXRD. The optical properties were also investigated by 2D photoluminescence excitation (2D-PLE) and lifetime measurements. The origin of emission and absorption is discussed based on the absorption, PL, 2D-PLE and decay time measurements.

Effects of boron doping on the structural and optical properties of silicon nanocrystals in a silicon dioxide matrix

Doping of Si nanocrystals is an important topic in the emerging field of Si nanocrystals based all-Si tandem solar cells. Boron-doped Si nanocrystals embedded in a silicon dioxide matrix were realized by a co-sputtering process, followed by high temperature annealing. The x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy B 1s signal attributable to Si-B (187 eV) and/or B-B (188 eV) indicates that the boron may exist inside Si nanocrystals. A higher probability of effective boron doping was suggested for Si-rich oxide films with a low oxygen content, Then, structural and optical properties were characterized with a focus on the effects of the boron content on Si quantum dots. The results show that as the boron content increases, the nanocrystal size is slightly reduced and the Si crystallization is suppressed. The photoluminescence intensity of the films is decreased as the boron content increases. This is due to boron-induced defects and/or Auger processes induced by effective doping. These results can provide optimal conditions for future Si quantum dot based solar cells.

Aglacins A-D, first representatives of a new class of aryltetralin cyclic ether lignans from Aglaia cordata

Four new metabolites, aglacins A-D (1-4), were identified from the methanol extract of the stem bark of Aglaia cordata. These compounds represent a new class of aryltetralin cyclic ether lignan. The structure of aglacin A (1) including the absolute configuration was elucidated by interpretation of spectral data, X-ray crystal structure determination, and employing the modified Mosher's method. In addition, three other derivatives, aglacins B-D (2-4), were isolated and identified by spectral means.

New diterpene alkaloids from the roots of Spiraea japonica

Chemical investigation on an ethanol extract from the roots of Spiraea japonica var. acuta resulted in the isolation of three new diterpene alkaloids named spiramide (1) and spiratine A (2) and spiratine B (3). Structures of 1-3 were elucidated primarily on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR experiments.

Two new germacranolides from Magnolia grandiflora

Two new sesquiterpenoids, 4,5-epoxy-13-methoxy-1(10)-germacren-12,6-olide and 4,5-epoxy-13-acetoxy-1(10)-germacren-12,6-olide, were isolated from the leaves of Magnolia grandiflora, together with six known compounds, 2alpha-hydroxy-dihydroparthenolide, parthenolide, costunolide, syringaresinol, (+) medioresinol and 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods and X-ray diffraction.

Chemical constituents of two Chinese Magnoliaceae plants, Tsoongiodendron odorum and Manglietiastrum sinicum, and their inhibition of platelet aggregation

Phytochemical investigations of Tsoongiodendron odorum and Manglietiastrum sinicum, both Magnoliaceae, led to the isolation of twenty compounds in total. Among them, one was a new sesquiterpene, 11-O-oleoyl-beta-eudesmol (2), and another, 1-(3,4-dimethoxypheny)-4-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2,3-dimethy lbutane (12) was isolated as a natural product for the first time. Moreover, 13C-NMR spectral data of isoguaiacin (16) are reported here for the first time. Structure elucidations for compounds reported here were mainly based on their spectral data. The ethanolic extracts of T. odorum and M. sinicum, and six pure compounds, 4(15)-eudesmen-11-ol (beta-eudesmol) (1), 1 beta-hydroxy-4(15),11(13)-eudesmadien-12,6 alpha-olide (reynosin) (3), 3,11(13)-eudesmadien-12,6 alpha-olide (alpha-cyclocostunolide) (5), erythro-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2,3- dimethylbutane (11), nectandrin-B (18), and syringaresinol (19), displayed considerable inhibition against platelet aggregation induced by AA, by ADP, or by PAF.

Rubupungenosides A and B, two novel triterpenoid saponin dimers from the aerial parts of Rubus pungens

Two new triterpenoid saponin dimers, rubupungenosides A (1) and B (2), were isolated in their methylated forms 1a and 2a, respectively, from an ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Rubus pungens. The structures of 1a and 2a were established on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical methods.

Structural revision of four spiramine diterpenoid alkaloids from the roots of Spiraea japonica

On the basis of detailed 1H-NMR 13C-NMR spectral analysis, especially by 2D NMR experiments (1H-1H COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and NOESY) as well as by chemical transformations. four isoatisine type diterpenoid alkaloids, spiramines P and Q, and U and T, have been reassigned as the 6beta hydroxyl and 6beta acetoxyl substituents, respectively, rather than the previously assigned 15alpha counterparts in our further studies on chemical constituents of the roots of Spiraea japonica var. acuta.

[Discussion of the role of fiberoptic bronchoscopy examination in the choosing the type of operation for centre type lung cancer]

This paper summarized the clinical data of the 112 cases centre type lung cancer examined by the X-ray films or/and CT scan and fiberopiticbronchoscopy (FOB) from Oct. 1984 to Aug. 1993 and discussed the role of FOB examination playing in the surgical treatment of centre type lung cancer. The authors thinks the FOB examination should be one of the necessary means of routine pre-operation checking, because it takes an important part in finding area of bronchus infiltrated by the cancer and choosing the type of operation.

The beta-thalassemia frameshift at codon 8 (-AA) observed in four Chinese of the Uygur nationality

During a survey for beta-thalassemia in Kashi City, Xinjiang Province, P.R. China, four unrelated Uygur students were identified as heterozygotes for the beta-thalassemia frameshift at codon 8 (-AA). Detection was with the polymerase chain reaction combined with allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization. This beta-thalassemia allele has not been observed in the Chinese population before and might be rather specific for the Uygur nationality.

Allodynia-like effects in rat after ischaemic spinal cord injury photochemically induced by laser irradiation

We report behaviours suggesting the presence of allodynia elicited by non-noxious brushing and mechanical pressure following photochemically induced ischaemic spinal cord injury in the rat. Female rats were intravenously injected with Erythrosin B and the T10 vertebra was irradiated with a laser beam for 1, 5 or 10 min. These procedures initiated an intravascular photochemical reaction, resulting in ischaemic spinal cord injury. After irradiation a clear allodynia was observed in most rats. The animals vocalized intensely to light touch during gentle handling and were clearly agitated to light brushing of the flanks. The vocalization threshold in response to the mechanical pressure measured with von Frey hairs was markedly decreased during this period. In some animals the existence of spontaneous pain was suggested by spontaneous vocalization. The duration of the allodynia varied among animals from several hours to several days. The severity and duration of allodynia seemed not to be related to the duration of irradiation. In sham-operated rats a slight, transient allodynia was also noted around the wound within a few hours after surgery, which was effectively relieved by systemic morphine (2 mg/kg, i.p.). Morphine (2 mg/kg, i.p.) also partially relieved the allodynia in spinally injured rats 4 h after irradiation. However, morphine, even at a higher dose (5 mg/kg, i.p.), failed to alleviate the allodynia in spinally injured rats 24-48 h after the injury. Systemic injection of the GABAB agonist baclofen (0.01-0.1 mg/kg, i.p.), but not the GABAA agonist muscimol (1 mg/kg, i.p.), effectively relieved allodynia during this period. Pretreatment with guanethidine 24 h and just prior to the irradiation (20 mg/kg, s.c.) did not prevent the occurrence of allodynia in spinal cord injured rats. The present observation is the first to show that ischaemic spinal cord injury could result in cutaneous mechanical allodynia. This phenomenon is resistant to morphine and may not involve the sympathetic system. Histological examination of allodynic animals 3 days after spinal cord injury revealed considerable morphological damage in the dorsal spinal cord of a rat irradiated for 5 min. The related dorsal roots were also slightly affected in this animal, while the dorsal root ganglia were normal. However, in rats irradiated for 1 min, despite the existence of strong allodynia, no damage could be found at this time in the spinal cord, dorsal roots or dorsal root ganglia. It is suggested that functional deficits in the GABAB system in the spinal cord may be related to this allodynia-like phenomenon.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)