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Pecksen E, Tkachuk S, Schröder C, Vives Enrich M, Neog A, Johnson CP, Lachmann N, Haller H, Kiyan Y. Monocytes prevent apoptosis of iPSCs and promote differentiation of kidney organoids. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:132. [PMID: 38702808 PMCID: PMC11069262 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03739-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-derived kidney organoids are a promising model for studying disease mechanisms and renal development. Despite several protocols having been developed, further improvements are needed to overcome existing limitations and enable a wider application of this model. One of the approaches to improve the differentiation of renal organoids in vitro is to include in the system cell types important for kidney organogenesis in vivo, such as macrophages. Another approach could be to improve cell survival. Mesodermal lineage differentiation is the common initial step of the reported protocols. The glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) activity inhibitor, CHIR99021 (CHIR), is applied to induce mesodermal differentiation. It has been reported that CHIR simultaneously induces iPSCs apoptosis that can compromise cell differentiation. We thought to interfere with CHIR-induced apoptosis of iPSCs using rapamycin. METHODS Differentiation of kidney organoids from human iPSCs was performed. Cell survival and autophagy were analyzed using Cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) kit and Autophagy detection kit. Cells were treated with rapamycin or co-cultured with human monocytes isolated from peripheral blood or iPSCs-macrophages using a transwell co-culture system. Monocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) were isolated using polyethylene glycol precipitation. Expression of apoptotic markers cleaved Caspase 3, Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP-1) and markers of differentiation T-Box Transcription Factor 6 (TBX6), odd-skipped related 1 (OSR1), Nephrin, E-Cadherin, Paired box gene 2 (Pax2) and GATA Binding Protein 3 (Gata3) was assessed by RT-PCR and western blotting. Organoids were imaged by 3D-confocal microscopy. RESULTS We observed that CHIR induced apoptosis of iPSCs during the initial stage of renal organoid differentiation. Underlying mechanisms implied the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and decreased autophagy. Activation of autophagy by rapamacin and by an indirect co-culture of differentiating iPSCs with iPSCs-macrophages and human peripheral blood monocytes prevented apoptosis induced by CHIR. Furthermore, monocytes (but not rapamycin) strongly promoted expression of renal differentiation markers and organoids development via released extracellular vesicles. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that co-culturing of iPSCs with human monocytes strongly improves differentiation of kidney organoids. An underlying mechanism of monocytic action implies, but not limited to, an increased autophagy in CHIR-treated iPSCs. Our findings enhance the utility of kidney organoid models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Pecksen
- Clinics for Kidney and Hypertension Disease, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sergey Tkachuk
- Clinics for Kidney and Hypertension Disease, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Cristoph Schröder
- Clinics for Kidney and Hypertension Disease, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marc Vives Enrich
- Clinics for Kidney and Hypertension Disease, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
| | - Anindita Neog
- Clinics for Kidney and Hypertension Disease, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
| | - Cory P Johnson
- Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
| | - Niko Lachmann
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Clinics for Kidney and Hypertension Disease, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
| | - Yulia Kiyan
- Clinics for Kidney and Hypertension Disease, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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Kiyan Y, Schultalbers A, Chernobrivaia E, Tkachuk S, Rong S, Shushakova N, Haller H. Author Correction: Calcium dobesilate reduces SARS-CoV-2 entry into endothelial cells by inhibiting virus binding to heparan sulfate. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17405. [PMID: 37833407 PMCID: PMC10575975 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44504-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Kiyan
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Carl‑Neuberg‑Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Anna Schultalbers
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Carl‑Neuberg‑Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Mount Desert Biological Laboratory MDIBL, Bar Harbor, USA
| | - Ekaterina Chernobrivaia
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Carl‑Neuberg‑Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sergey Tkachuk
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Carl‑Neuberg‑Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Song Rong
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Carl‑Neuberg‑Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Phenos GmbH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nelli Shushakova
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Carl‑Neuberg‑Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Phenos GmbH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Carl‑Neuberg‑Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Mount Desert Biological Laboratory MDIBL, Bar Harbor, USA
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3
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Kiyan Y, Schultalbers A, Chernobrivaia E, Tkachuk S, Rong S, Shushakova N, Haller H. Calcium dobesilate reduces SARS-CoV-2 entry into endothelial cells by inhibiting virus binding to heparan sulfate. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16878. [PMID: 36207386 PMCID: PMC9542452 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20973-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent reports demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 utilizes cell surface heparan sulfate as an attachment factor to facilitate the initial interaction with host cells. Heparan sulfate interacts with the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein, and blocking this interaction can decrease cell infection. We and others reported recently that the family of compounds of 2,5-dihydroxyphenylic acid interferes with the binding of the positively charged groove in growth factor molecules to negatively charged cell surface heparan sulfate. We hypothesized that Calcium Dobesilate (CaD)-calcium salt of 2,5-dihydroxyphenylic acid-may also interfere with the binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to heparan sulfate. Using lentiviral SARS-CoV-2 spike protein pseudotyped particles we show that CaD could significantly reduce pseudovirus uptake into endothelial cells. On the contrary, CaD did not affect cell infection with VSVG-expressing lentivirus. CaD could also prevent retention of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in ex vivo perfused mouse kidney. Using microfluidic culture of endothelial cells under flow, we show that CaD prevents spike protein interaction with heparan sulfate glycocalyx. Since CaD has no adverse side effects and is approved in humans for other medical indications, our findings can rapidly translate into clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Kiyan
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Anna Schultalbers
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Mount Desert Biological Laboratory MDIBL, Bar Harbor, USA
| | - Ekaterina Chernobrivaia
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sergey Tkachuk
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Song Rong
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Phenos GmbH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nelli Shushakova
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Phenos GmbH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Mount Desert Biological Laboratory MDIBL, Bar Harbor, USA
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4
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Stahl K, Hillebrand UC, Kiyan Y, Seeliger B, Schmidt JJ, Schenk H, Pape T, Schmidt BMW, Welte T, Hoeper MM, Sauer A, Wygrecka M, Bode C, Wedemeyer H, Haller H, David S. Effects of therapeutic plasma exchange on the endothelial glycocalyx in septic shock. Intensive Care Med Exp 2021; 9:57. [PMID: 34817751 PMCID: PMC8611389 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-021-00417-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Disruption of the endothelial glycocalyx (eGC) is observed in septic patients and its injury is associated with multiple-organ failure and inferior outcomes. Besides this biomarker function, increased blood concentrations of shedded eGC constituents might play a mechanistic role in septic organ failure. We hypothesized that therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) using fresh frozen plasma might influence eGC-related pathology by removing injurious mediators of eGC breakdown while at the time replacing eGC protective factors. Methods We enrolled 20 norepinephrine-dependent (NE > 0.4 μg/kg/min) patients with early septic shock (onset < 12 h). Sublingual assessment of the eGC via sublingual sidestream darkfield (SDF) imaging was performed. Plasma eGC degradation products, such as heparan sulfate (HS) and the eGC-regulating enzymes, heparanase (Hpa)-1 and Hpa-2, were obtained before and after TPE. A 3D microfluidic flow assay was performed to examine the effect of TPE on eGC ex vivo. Results were compared to healthy controls. Results SDF demonstrated a decrease in eGC thickness in septic patients compared to healthy individuals (p = 0.001). Circulating HS levels were increased more than sixfold compared to controls and decreased significantly following TPE [controls: 16.9 (8–18.6) vs. septic patients before TPE: 105.8 (30.8–143.4) μg/ml, p < 0.001; vs. after TPE: 70.7 (36.9–109.5) μg/ml, p < 0.001]. The Hpa-2 /Hpa-1 ratio was reduced in septic patients before TPE but normalized after TPE [controls: 13.6 (6.2–21.2) vs. septic patients at inclusion: 2.9 (2.1–5.7), p = 0.001; vs. septic patients after TPE: 13.2 (11.2–31.8), p < 0.001]. Ex vivo stimulation of endothelial cells with serum from a septic patient induced eGC damage that could be attenuated with serum from the same patient following TPE. Conclusions Septic shock results in profound degradation of the eGC and an acquired deficiency of the protective regulator Hpa-2. TPE removed potentially injurious eGC degradation products and partially attenuated Hpa-2 deficiency. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov NCT04231994, retrospectively registered 18 January 2020 Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40635-021-00417-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Stahl
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Uta Carola Hillebrand
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yulia Kiyan
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Benjamin Seeliger
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and German Centre of Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julius J Schmidt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heiko Schenk
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thorben Pape
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bernhard M W Schmidt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias Welte
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and German Centre of Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marius M Hoeper
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and German Centre of Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Agnes Sauer
- Department of Biochemistry, University Medicine Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Christian Bode
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Heiner Wedemeyer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sascha David
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Institute for Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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5
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Kiyan Y, Tkachuk S, Rong S, Gorrasi A, Ragno P, Dumler I, Haller H, Shushakova N. TLR4 Response to LPS Is Reinforced by Urokinase Receptor. Front Immunol 2020; 11:573550. [PMID: 33362762 PMCID: PMC7757075 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.573550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
GPI-anchored uPAR is the receptor for the extracellular serine protease urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA). Though uPAR role in inflammatory processes is documented, underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study we demonstrate that uPAR is a part of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) interactome. Downregulation of uPAR expression resulted in diminished LPS-induced TLR4 signaling, less activation of NFκB, and decreased secretion of inflammatory mediators in myeloid and non-myeloid cells in vitro. In vivo uPAR−/− mice demonstrated better survival, strongly diminished inflammatory response and better organ functions in cecal ligation and puncture mouse polymicrobial sepsis model. Mechanistically, GPI-uPAR and soluble uPAR colocalized with TLR4 on the cell membrane and interacted with scavenger receptor CD36. Our data show that uPAR can interfere with innate immunity response via TLR4 and this mechanism represents a potentially important target in inflammation and sepsis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Kiyan
- Nephrology Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sergey Tkachuk
- Nephrology Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Pia Ragno
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Inna Dumler
- Nephrology Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Nephrology Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nelli Shushakova
- Nephrology Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Phenos GmbH, Hannover, Germany
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6
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Stahl K, Gronski PA, Kiyan Y, Seeliger B, Bertram A, Pape T, Welte T, Hoeper MM, Haller H, David S. Injury to the Endothelial Glycocalyx in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 202:1178-1181. [PMID: 32833500 PMCID: PMC7560808 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202007-2676le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Stahl
- Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany and
| | | | - Yulia Kiyan
- Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sascha David
- Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany and.,University Hospital Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
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7
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Balzer MS, Helmke A, Ackermann M, Casper J, Dong L, Hiss M, Kiyan Y, Rong S, Timrott K, von Vietinghoff S, Wang L, Haller H, Shushakova N. Protein kinase C beta deficiency increases glucose-mediated peritoneal damage via M1 macrophage polarization and up-regulation of mesothelial protein kinase C alpha. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020; 34:947-960. [PMID: 30247663 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfy282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peritoneal membrane (PM) damage during peritoneal dialysis (PD) is mediated largely by high glucose (HG)-induced pro-inflammatory and neo-angiogenic processes, resulting in PM fibrosis and ultrafiltration failure. We recently demonstrated a crucial role for protein kinase C (PKC) isoform α in mesothelial cells. METHODS In this study we investigate the role of PKCβ in PM damage in vitro using primary mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPMΦ), human macrophages (HMΦ) and immortalized mouse peritoneal mesothelial cells (MPMCs), as well as in vivo using a chronic PD mouse model. RESULTS We demonstrate that PKCβ is the predominant classical PKC isoform expressed in primary MPMΦ and its expression is up-regulated in vitro under HG conditions. After in vitro lipopolysaccharides stimulation PKCβ-/- MPMΦ demonstrates increased levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor α, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and drastically decrease IL-10 release compared with wild-type (WT) cells. In vivo, catheter-delivered treatment with HG PD fluid for 5 weeks induces PKCβ up-regulation in omentum of WT mice and results in inflammatory response and PM damage characterized by fibrosis and neo-angiogenesis. In comparison to WT mice, all pathological changes are strongly aggravated in PKCβ-/- animals. Underlying molecular mechanisms involve a pro-inflammatory M1 polarization shift of MPMΦ and up-regulation of PKCα in MPMCs of PKCβ-/- mice. Finally, we demonstrate PKCβ involvement in HG-induced polarization processes in HMΦ. CONCLUSIONS PKCβ as the dominant PKC isoform in MPMΦ is up-regulated by HG PD fluid and exerts anti-inflammatory effects during PD through regulation of MPMΦ M1/M2 polarization and control of the dominant mesothelial PKC isoform α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Balzer
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexandra Helmke
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martina Ackermann
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Phenos, Hannover, Germany
| | - Janis Casper
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marcus Hiss
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yulia Kiyan
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Song Rong
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kai Timrott
- Department for General, Abdominal and Transplant Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Le Wang
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Nephrology, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China
| | - Hermann Haller
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nelli Shushakova
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Phenos, Hannover, Germany
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Ricke-Hoch M, Hoes MF, Pfeffer TJ, Schlothauer S, Nonhoff J, Haidari S, Bomer N, Scherr M, Stapel B, Stelling E, Kiyan Y, Falk C, Haghikia A, Binah O, Arany Z, Thum T, Bauersachs J, van der Meer P, Hilfiker-Kleiner D. In peripartum cardiomyopathy plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 is a potential new biomarker with controversial roles. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 116:1875-1886. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a life-threatening heart disease occurring in previously heart-healthy women. A common pathomechanism in PPCM involves the angiostatic 16 kDa-prolactin (16 kDa-PRL) fragment, which via NF-κB-mediated up-regulation of microRNA-(miR)-146a induces vascular damage and heart failure. We analyse whether the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is involved in the pathophysiology of PPCM.
Methods and results
In healthy age-matched postpartum women (PP-Ctrl, n = 53, left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEF > 55%), PAI-1 plasma levels were within the normal range (21 ± 10 ng/mL), but significantly elevated (64 ± 38 ng/mL, P < 0.01) in postpartum PPCM patients at baseline (BL, n = 64, mean LVEF: 23 ± 8%). At 6-month follow-up (n = 23), PAI-1 levels decreased (36 ± 14 ng/mL, P < 0.01 vs. BL) and LVEF (49 ± 11%) improved. Increased N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and Troponin T did not correlate with PAI-1. C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β did not differ between PPCM patients and PP-Ctrl. MiR-146a was 3.6-fold (P < 0.001) higher in BL-PPCM plasma compared with PP-Ctrl and correlated positively with PAI-1. In BL-PPCM serum, 16 kDa-PRL coprecipitated with PAI-1, which was associated with higher (P < 0.05) uPAR-mediated NF-κB activation in endothelial cells compared with PP-Ctrl serum. Cardiac biopsies and dermal fibroblasts from PPCM patients displayed higher PAI-1 mRNA levels (P < 0.05) than healthy controls. In PPCM mice (due to a cardiomyocyte-specific-knockout for STAT3, CKO), cardiac PAI-1 expression was higher than in postpartum wild-type controls, whereas a systemic PAI-1-knockout in CKO mice accelerated peripartum cardiac fibrosis, inflammation, heart failure, and mortality.
Conclusion
In PPCM patients, circulating and cardiac PAI-1 expression are up-regulated. While circulating PAI-1 may add 16 kDa-PRL to induce vascular impairment via the uPAR/NF-κB/miR-146a pathway, experimental data suggest that cardiac PAI-1 expression seems to protect the PPCM heart from fibrosis. Thus, measuring circulating PAI-1 and miR-146a, together with an uPAR/NF-κB-activity assay could be developed into a specific diagnostic marker assay for PPCM, but unrestricted reduction of PAI-1 for therapy may not be advised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Ricke-Hoch
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Martijn F Hoes
- Department of Cardiology, AB31, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias J Pfeffer
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Stella Schlothauer
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Justus Nonhoff
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Susanna Haidari
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nils Bomer
- Department of Cardiology, AB31, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michaela Scherr
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Britta Stapel
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Stelling
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Yulia Kiyan
- Nephrology Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christine Falk
- Institute of Transplant Immunology, IFB-Tx, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Arash Haghikia
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ofer Binah
- Department of Physiology, Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Zolt Arany
- Cardiovascular Institute and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas Thum
- Department of Molecular und Translational Therapy strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, AB31, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Denise Hilfiker-Kleiner
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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9
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Roux GL, Jarray R, Guyot AC, Pavoni S, Costa N, Théodoro F, Nassor F, Pruvost A, Tournier N, Kiyan Y, Langer O, Yates F, Deslys JP, Mabondzo A. Proof-of-Concept Study of Drug Brain Permeability Between in Vivo Human Brain and an in Vitro iPSCs-Human Blood-Brain Barrier Model. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16310. [PMID: 31690750 PMCID: PMC6831611 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52213-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of effective central nervous system (CNS) drugs has been hampered by the lack of robust strategies to mimic the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and cerebrovascular impairments in vitro. Recent technological advancements in BBB modeling using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) allowed to overcome some of these obstacles, nonetheless the pertinence for their use in drug permeation study remains to be established. This mandatory information requires a cross comparison of in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic data in the same species to avoid failure in late clinical drug development. Here, we measured the BBB permeabilities of 8 clinical positron emission tomography (PET) radioligands with known pharmacokinetic parameters in human brain in vivo with a newly developed in vitro iPSC-based human BBB (iPSC-hBBB) model. Our findings showed a good correlation between in vitro and in vivo drug brain permeability (R2 = 0.83; P = 0.008) which contrasted with the limited correlation between in vitro apparent permeability for a set of 18 CNS/non-CNS compounds using the in vitro iPSCs-hBBB model and drug physicochemical properties. Our data suggest that the iPSC-hBBB model can be integrated in a flow scheme of CNS drug screening and potentially used to study species differences in BBB permeation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwenaëlle Le Roux
- Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Rafika Jarray
- Service d'Etude des Prions et des Infections Atypiques, CEA, F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,Sup'Biotech, F-94800, Villejuif, France
| | - Anne-Cécile Guyot
- Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Serena Pavoni
- Service d'Etude des Prions et des Infections Atypiques, CEA, F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Narciso Costa
- Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Frédéric Théodoro
- Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse (SPI), Plateforme Smart-MS, CEA, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ferid Nassor
- Service d'Etude des Prions et des Infections Atypiques, CEA, F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,Sup'Biotech, F-94800, Villejuif, France
| | - Alain Pruvost
- Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse (SPI), Plateforme Smart-MS, CEA, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Nicolas Tournier
- UMR 1023 IMIV, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, CEA, Inserm, Univ. Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Yulia Kiyan
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, DE-30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Oliver Langer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.,Preclinical Molecular Imaging, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, A-2444, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Frank Yates
- Service d'Etude des Prions et des Infections Atypiques, CEA, F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,Sup'Biotech, F-94800, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean Philippe Deslys
- Service d'Etude des Prions et des Infections Atypiques, CEA, F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Aloïse Mabondzo
- Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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10
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Kiyan Y, Tkachuk S, Kurselis K, Shushakova N, Stahl K, Dawodu D, Kiyan R, Chichkov B, Haller H. Heparanase-2 protects from LPS-mediated endothelial injury by inhibiting TLR4 signalling. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13591. [PMID: 31537875 PMCID: PMC6753096 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50068-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The endothelial glycocalyx and its regulated shedding are important to vascular health. Endo-β-D-glucuronidase heparanase-1 (HPSE1) is the only enzyme that can shed heparan sulfate. However, the mechanisms are not well understood. We show that HPSE1 activity aggravated Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated response of endothelial cells to LPS. On the contrary, overexpression of its endogenous inhibitor, heparanase-2 (HPSE2) was protective. The microfluidic chip flow model confirmed that HPSE2 prevented heparan sulfate shedding by HPSE1. Furthermore, heparan sulfate did not interfere with cluster of differentiation-14 (CD14)-dependent LPS binding, but instead reduced the presentation of the LPS to TLR4. HPSE2 reduced LPS-mediated TLR4 activation, subsequent cell signalling, and cytokine expression. HPSE2-overexpressing endothelial cells remained protected against LPS-mediated loss of cell-cell contacts. In vivo, expression of HPSE2 in plasma and kidney medullary capillaries was decreased in mouse sepsis model. We next applied purified HPSE2 in mice and observed decreases in TNFα and IL-6 plasma concentrations after intravenous LPS injections. Our data demonstrate the important role of heparan sulfate and the glycocalyx in endothelial cell activation and suggest a protective role of HPSE2 in microvascular inflammation. HPSE2 offers new options for protection against HPSE1-mediated endothelial damage and preventing microvascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Kiyan
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Sergey Tkachuk
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kestutis Kurselis
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Klaus Stahl
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Damilola Dawodu
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Roman Kiyan
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Boris Chichkov
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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11
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Dawodu D, Patecki M, Dumler I, Haller H, Kiyan Y. oxLDL inhibits differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts via the CD36 mediated suppression of Wnt signaling pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:3487-3496. [PMID: 30847850 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04735-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Bone abnormalities as a consequence of osteoblast deregulation are associated with several diseases such as diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Important role for oxidized low density lipoproteins (oxLDL) in the pathophysiology of bone disorders has been reported. However, little is known about the effects and mechanisms of oxLDL on the process of osteoblastogenesis in human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We show that oxLDL concentrations of ~ 10-25 µg protein (0.43-1.0 µM MDA/mg protein) inhibited the differentiation of MSCs to osteoblasts. We demonstrate that the underlying mechanism entails the suppression of the Wnt signaling through the down-regulation of β-catenin. Further, we show the association of scavenger receptor CD36 with the receptors LRP5/6 and Frizzled in mediating the oxLDL effects on the differentiation of MSCs to pre-osteoblasts. Inhibiting CD36 restored osteoblasts differentiation in the presence of oxLDL. Our findings suggest that oxLDL interferes with the canonical Wnt signaling pathway in a CD36 dependent manner leading to an inhibition of osteoblastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damilola Dawodu
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Margret Patecki
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Inna Dumler
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yulia Kiyan
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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12
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Dawodu D, Patecki M, Hegermann J, Dumler I, Haller H, Kiyan Y. oxLDL inhibits differentiation and functional activity of osteoclasts via scavenger receptor-A mediated autophagy and cathepsin K secretion. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11604. [PMID: 30072716 PMCID: PMC6072764 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29963-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Resorptive activity of osteoclasts is important for maintaining bone homeostasis. Endogenous compounds such as oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) have been shown to disturb this activity. While some studies have investigated the effects of oxLDL on the process of osteoclastogenesis, the underlying mechanism are not fully understood. We show here that oxLDL concentrations of ~10-25 µg protein (0.43-1.0 µM MDA/mg protein) completely blocked the formation of functional osteoclasts. The underlying mechanism implies an inhibition of autophagy that in turn leads to a decreased fusion of cathepsin K (CatK)-loaded lysosomal vesicles with the ruffled border membrane. As result, a lower secretion of CatK and impaired protonation of the resorption lacunae by vacuolar-ATPase (v-ATPase) is observed in the presence of oxLDL. We demonstrate that scavenger receptor A (SR-A) mediates oxLDL effects on osteoclastogenesis and repressing this receptor partially rescued oxLDL effects. Collectively, our data provides an insight into the possible mechanism of oxLDL on osteoclastogenesis suggesting that it does not perturb the packaging of CatK and v-ATPase (V-a3) in the secretory lysosome, but inhibits the fusion of these lysosomes to the ruffled border. The relevance of our findings suggests a distinct link between oxLDL, autophagy and osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damilola Dawodu
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertensiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Margret Patecki
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertensiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Inna Dumler
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertensiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertensiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yulia Kiyan
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertensiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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13
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Narayanaswamy PB, Baral TK, Haller H, Dumler I, Acharya K, Kiyan Y. Transcriptomic pathway analysis of urokinase receptor silenced breast cancer cells: a microarray study. Oncotarget 2017; 8:101572-101590. [PMID: 29254187 PMCID: PMC5731897 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (PLAUR) has been implicated in a variety of physiological and pathological conditions. The multi-functionality of PLAUR is due to its capacity to interact with many co-receptors to regulate extracellular proteolysis and intracellular signaling. Recent reports are identifying novel functions of PLAUR which were not evident in the past; however, the molecular mechanisms of PLAUR signaling are not completely understood. Here, we have compared the transcriptomes of silencing control (sicon) and PLAUR silenced (PLAURsi) MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells on treatment with radiation. We isolated RNA from the cells, synthesized cDNA and measured the gene expression changes by microarray. We identified 24 downregulated and 53 upregulated genes, which were significantly (P-value < 0.005) affected by PLAUR silencing. Our analysis revealed 415 canonical pathways and 743 causal disease networks affected on silencing PLAUR. Transcriptomic changes and predicted pathways supported and consolidated some of the earlier understanding in the context of PLAUR signaling; including our recent observations in DNA damage and repair process. In addition, we have identified several novel pathways where PLAUR is implicated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tapan K Baral
- Shodhaka Life Sciences Private Limited, Bengaluru, India
| | - Hermann Haller
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Inna Dumler
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kshitish Acharya
- Shodhaka Life Sciences Private Limited, Bengaluru, India.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Yulia Kiyan
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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14
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Narayanaswamy PB, Tkachuk S, Haller H, Dumler I, Kiyan Y. CHK1 and RAD51 activation after DNA damage is regulated via urokinase receptor/TLR4 signaling. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2383. [PMID: 27685627 PMCID: PMC5059885 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms of DNA damage and repair signaling are not completely understood that hinder the efficiency of cancer therapy. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (PLAUR) is highly expressed in most solid cancers and serves as a marker of poor prognosis. We show that PLAUR actively promotes DNA repair in cancer cells. On the contrary, downregulation of PLAUR expression results in delayed DNA repair. We found PLAUR to be essential for activation of Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1); maintenance of cell cycle arrest after DNA damage in a TP53-dependent manner; expression, nuclear import and recruitment to DNA-damage foci of RAD51 recombinase, the principal protein involved in the homologous recombination repair pathway. Underlying mechanism implies auto-/paracrine signaling of PLAUR/TLR4 receptor complex leading to activation of CHK1 and DNA repair. The signaling is induced by a danger molecule released by DNA-damaged cells and mediates, at least partially, activation of DNA-damage response. This study describes a new mechanism of DNA repair activation initiated by auto-/paracrine signaling of membrane receptors PLAUR/TLR4. It adds to the understanding of role of PLAUR in cancer and provides a rationale for therapeutic targeting of PLAUR/TLR4 interaction in TP53-positive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergey Tkachuk
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover D-30625, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover D-30625, Germany
| | - Inna Dumler
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover D-30625, Germany
| | - Yulia Kiyan
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover D-30625, Germany
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15
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Kalbasi Anaraki P, Patecki M, Tkachuk S, Kiyan Y, Haller H, Dumler I. Urokinase receptor mediates osteoclastogenesis via M-CSF release from osteoblasts and the c-Fms/PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway in osteoclasts. J Bone Miner Res 2015; 30:379-88. [PMID: 25196912 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bone remodeling is a dynamic process based on a fine-tuned balance between formation and degradation of bone. Osteoblasts (OBLs) are responsible for bone formation and bone resorption is mediated by osteoclasts (OCLs). The mechanisms regulating the OBL-OCL balance are critical in health and disease; however, they are still far from being understood. We reported recently that the multifunctional urokinase receptor (uPAR) mediates osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to OBLs and vascular calcification in atherosclerosis. Here, we address the question of whether uPAR may also be engaged in regulation of osteoclastogenesis. We show that uPAR mediates this process in a dual fashion. Thus, uPAR affected OBL-OCL interplay. We observed that osteoclastogenesis was significantly impaired in co-culture of monocyte-derived OCLs and in OBLs derived from MSCs lacking uPAR. We show that expression and release, from OBLs, of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), which is indispensable for OCL differentiation, was inhibited by uPAR loss. We further found that uPAR, on the other hand, controlled formation, differentiation, and functional properties of macrophage-derived OCLs. Expression of osteoclastogenic markers, such as tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and cathepsin K, was impaired in OCLs derived from uPAR-deficient macrophages. The requirement of uPAR for osteoclastogenesis was further confirmed by immunocytochemistry and in bone resorption assay. We provide evidence that the underlying signaling mechanisms involve uPAR association with the M-CSF binding receptor c-Fms followed by c-Fms phosphorylation and activation of the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway in OCLs. We further show that uPAR uses this pathway to regulate a balance between OCL differentiation, apoptosis, and cell proliferation. Our study identified uPAR as an important and multifaceted regulator of OBL-OCL molecular interplay that may serve as an attractive target in bone disease and ectopic calcification.
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16
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Beleyur Narayanaswamy P, Haller H, Dumler I, Kiyan Y. Loss of urokinase receptor sensitizes vascular smooth muscle cells to dna damage and delays dna repair. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Narayanaswamy PB, Hodjat M, Haller H, Dumler I, Kiyan Y. Loss of urokinase receptor sensitizes cells to DNA damage and delays DNA repair. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101529. [PMID: 24987841 PMCID: PMC4079571 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA damage induced by numerous exogenous or endogenous factors may have irreversible consequences on the cell leading to cell cycle arrest, senescence and cell death. The DNA damage response (DDR) is powerful signaling machinery triggered in response to DNA damage, to provide DNA damage recognition, signaling and repair. Most anticancer drugs induce DNA damage, and DNA repair in turn attenuates therapeutic efficiency of those drugs. Approaches delaying DNA repair are often used to increase efficiency of treatment. Recent data show that ubiquitin-proteasome system is essential for signaling and repair of DNA damage. However, mechanisms providing regulation of proteasome intracellular localization, activity, and recruitment to DNA damage sites are elusive. Even less investigated are the roles of extranuclear signaling proteins in these processes. In this study, we report the involvement of the serine protease urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) in DDR-associated regulation of proteasome. We show that in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) uPAR activates DNA single strand break repair signaling pathway. We provide evidence that uPAR is essential for functional assembly of the 26S proteasome. We further demonstrate that uPAR mediates DNA damage-induced phosphorylation, nuclear import, and recruitment of the regulatory subunit PSMD6 to proteasome. We found that deficiency of uPAR and PSMD6 delays DNA repair and leads to decreased cell survival. These data may offer new therapeutic approaches for diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders.
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MESH Headings
- Active Transport, Cell Nucleus
- Animals
- Cell Line
- Cell Survival
- Cells, Cultured
- DNA Breaks, Single-Stranded
- DNA Repair
- Gene Deletion
- Humans
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism
- Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator/genetics
- Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahshid Hodjat
- Nephrology Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Nephrology Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Inna Dumler
- Nephrology Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yulia Kiyan
- Nephrology Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
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18
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Kiyan Y, Tkachuk S, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, Haller H, Fuhrman B, Dumler I. oxLDL induces inflammatory responses in vascular smooth muscle cells via urokinase receptor association with CD36 and TLR4. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2013; 66:72-82. [PMID: 24239845 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis involves an imbalanced lipid metabolism and a deregulated immune response culminating in chronic inflammation of the arterial wall. Recent studies show that endogenous ligands, such as modified plasma lipoproteins, can trigger pattern recognition receptors (PRR) of innate immunity for cellular and humoral reactions. The underlying molecular pathways remain less explored. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of inflammatory effects of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL) on human primary coronary artery smooth muscle cells (VSMC). We show that already low concentration of oxLDL initiated atherogenic signals triggering VSMC transition to proinflammatory phenotype. oxLDL impaired the expression of contractile proteins and myocardin in VSMC and initiated changes in cell functional responses, including expression of proinflammatory molecules. The effects of oxLDL were abolished by downregulation of the multifunctional urokinase receptor (uPAR). In response to oxLDL uPAR associated with CD36 and TLR4, the two main PRR for both pathogen and endogenous ligands. We demonstrate that uPAR association with CD36 and TLR4 mediated oxLDL-induced and NF-κB-dependent G-CSF and GM-CSF expression and changes in VSMC contractile proteins. uPAR-mediated release of G-CSF and GM-CSF by VSMC affected macrophage behavior and production of MCP-1. We provide evidence for functional relevance of our in vitro findings to in vivo human atherosclerotic tissues. Our data imply uPAR as a part of a PRR cluster interfering structurally and functionally with CD36 and TLR4 and responding to endogenous atherogenic ligands. They further point to specific function of each component of this cluster in mediating the ultimate signaling pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Kiyan
- Nephrology Department, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Sergey Tkachuk
- Nephrology Department, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Denise Hilfiker-Kleiner
- Cardiology Department, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Hermann Haller
- Nephrology Department, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Bianca Fuhrman
- The Lipid Research Laboratory, Technion Faculty of Medicine, and Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Inna Dumler
- Nephrology Department, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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19
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Kiyan Y, Kurselis K, Kiyan R, Haller H, Chichkov BN, Dumler I. Urokinase receptor counteracts vascular smooth muscle cell functional changes induced by surface topography. Theranostics 2013; 3:516-26. [PMID: 23843899 PMCID: PMC3706695 DOI: 10.7150/thno.4119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Current treatments for human coronary artery disease necessitate the development of the next generations of vascular bioimplants. Recent reports provide evidence that controlling cell orientation and morphology through topographical patterning might be beneficial for bioimplants and tissue engineering scaffolds. However, a concise understanding of cellular events underlying cell-biomaterial interaction remains missing. In this study, applying methods of laser material processing, we aimed to obtain useful markers to guide in the choice of better vascular biomaterials. Our data show that topographically treated human primary vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) have a distinct differentiation profile. In particular, cultivation of VSMC on the microgrooved biocompatible polymer E-shell induces VSMC modulation from synthetic to contractile phenotype and directs formation and maintaining of cell-cell communication and adhesion structures. We show that the urokinase receptor (uPAR) interferes with VSMC behavior on microstructured surfaces and serves as a critical regulator of VSMC functional fate. Our findings suggest that microtopography of the E-shell polymer could be important in determining VSMC phenotype and cytoskeleton organization. They further suggest uPAR as a useful target in the development of predictive models for clinical VSMC phenotyping on functional advanced biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Kiyan
- 1. Nephrology Department, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Kestutis Kurselis
- 2. Nanotechnology Department, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hollerithallee 8, Hannover 30419, Germany
| | - Roman Kiyan
- 2. Nanotechnology Department, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hollerithallee 8, Hannover 30419, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- 1. Nephrology Department, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Boris N. Chichkov
- 2. Nanotechnology Department, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hollerithallee 8, Hannover 30419, Germany
| | - Inna Dumler
- 1. Nephrology Department, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
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20
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Menne J, Shushakova N, Bartels J, Kiyan Y, Laudeley R, Haller H, Park JK, Meier M. Dual inhibition of classical protein kinase C-α and protein kinase C-β isoforms protects against experimental murine diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes 2013; 62:1167-74. [PMID: 23434935 PMCID: PMC3609593 DOI: 10.2337/db12-0534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy with proteinuria and peritubular extracellular matrix production. We have previously shown that the PKC isoforms α and β mediate different cellular effects. PKC-β contributes to hyperglycemia-induced renal matrix production, whereby PKC-α is involved in the development of albuminuria. We further tested this hypothesis by deletion of both isoforms and used a PKC inhibitor. We analyzed the phenotype of nondiabetic and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic homozygous PKC-α/β double-knockout mice (PKC-α/β(-/-)). After 8 weeks of diabetes mellitus, the high-glucose-induced renal and glomerular hypertrophy as well as transforming growth factor-β1) and extracellular matrix production were diminished in the PKC-α/β(-/-) mice compared with wild-type controls. Urinary albumin/creatinine ratio also was significantly reduced, however, it was not completely abolished in diabetic PKC-α/β(-/-) mice. Treatment with CGP41252, which inhibits PKC-α and PKC-β, is able to prevent the development of albuminuria and to reduce existing albuminuria in type 1 (STZ model) or type 2 (db/db model) diabetic mice. These results support our hypothesis that PKC-α and PKC-β contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, and that dual inhibition of the classical PKC isoforms is a suitable therapeutic strategy in the prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Menne
- Clinic for Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Phenos GmbH, Hannover, Germany
- Corresponding authors: Jan Menne, , and Hermann Haller,
| | - Nelli Shushakova
- Clinic for Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Phenos GmbH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Janina Bartels
- Clinic for Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yulia Kiyan
- Clinic for Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Laudeley
- Clinic for Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Clinic for Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Corresponding authors: Jan Menne, , and Hermann Haller,
| | - Joon-Keun Park
- Clinic for Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Meier
- Clinic for Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Hodjat M, Haller H, Dumler I, Kiyan Y. Urokinase receptor mediates doxorubicin-induced vascular smooth muscle cell senescence via proteasomal degradation of TRF2. J Vasc Res 2012; 50:109-23. [PMID: 23172421 DOI: 10.1159/000343000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The anthracycline doxorubicin is a widely used effective anti-cancer drug. However, its application and dosage are severely limited due to its cardiotoxicity. The exact mechanisms of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxic side effects remain poorly understood. Even less is known about the impact of doxorubicin treatment on vascular damage. We found that low doses of doxorubicin induced a senescent response in human primary vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). We observed that expression of urokinase receptor (uPAR) was upregulated in response to doxorubicin. Furthermore, the level of uPAR expression played a decisive role in developing doxorubicin-induced senescence. uPAR silencing in human VSMC by means of RNA interference as well as uPAR knockout in mouse VSMC resulted in abrogation of doxorubicin-induced cellular senescence. On the contrary, uPAR overexpression promoted VSMC senescence. We further found that proteasomal degradation of telomeric repeat binding factor 2 (TRF2) mediates doxorubicin-induced VSMC senescence. Our results demonstrate that uPAR controls the ubiquitin-proteasome system in VSMC and regulates doxorubicin-induced TRF2 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation via this mechanism. Therefore, VSMC senescence induced by low doses of doxorubicin may contribute to vascular damage upon doxorubicin treatment. uPAR-mediated TRF2 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation are further identified as a molecular mechanism underlying this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Hodjat
- Nephrology Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Khateeb J, Kiyan Y, Aviram M, Tkachuk S, Dumler I, Fuhrman B. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator downregulates paraoxonase 1 expression in hepatocytes by stimulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ nuclear export. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 32:449-58. [PMID: 22155455 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.111.239889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The atherosclerotic lesion is characterized by lipid peroxide accumulation. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) reduces atherosclerotic lesion oxidative stress, whereas urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) increases oxidative stress in atherosclerotic lesions and contributes to the progression and complications of atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that uPA may promote oxidative stress in the arterial wall via modulation of PON1 activity. Because the liver is the main site for PON1 production, in the present study, we tested whether uPA influences PON1 expression in hepatocytes. METHODS AND RESULTS HuH7 hepatocytes were incubated in culture with increasing concentrations of uPA. uPA decreased PON1 gene expression and activity in a dose-dependent manner and accordingly suppressed PON1 secretion from hepatocytes. This effect required uPA/uPA receptor interaction. uPA downregulated PON1 gene expression via inactivation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) activity, and this effect was dependent on uPA-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase activation. Mechanistic studies showed that uPA enhanced mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-PPARγ interaction, resulting in PPARγ nuclear export to the cytosol. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first evidence that uPA interferes with PPARγ transcriptional activity in hepatocytes, resulting in downregulation of PON1 expression and its secretion to the medium. This may explain, at least in part, the prooxidative effect of uPA in the vascular wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Khateeb
- Lipid Research Laboratory, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, 31096
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Kiyan Y, Limbourg A, Kiyan R, Tkachuk S, Limbourg FP, Ovsianikov A, Chichkov BN, Haller H, Dumler I. Urokinase receptor associates with myocardin to control vascular smooth muscle cells phenotype in vascular disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 32:110-22. [PMID: 22075245 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.111.234369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its specific receptor (uPAR) are a potent multifunctional system involved in vascular remodeling. The goal of the study was to unravel the mechanisms of uPA/uPAR-directed vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) differentiation. METHODS AND RESULTS Using cultured human primary VSMCs, we identified a new molecular mechanism controlling phenotypic modulation in vitro and in vivo. We found that the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) acts together with the transcriptional coactivator myocardin to regulate the VSMC phenotype. uPAR, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored cell-surface receptor family member, undergoes ligand-induced internalization and nuclear transport in VSMCs. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor β and SUMOylated RanGAP1 mediate this trafficking. Nuclear uPAR associates with myocardin, which is then recruited from the promoters of serum response factor target genes and undergoes proteasomal degradation. This chain of events initiates the synthetic VSMC phenotype. Using mouse carotid artery ligation model, we show that this mechanism contributes to adverse vascular remodeling after injury in vivo. We then cultured cells on a microstructured biomaterial and found that substrate topography induced uPAR-mediated VSMC differentiation. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal the transcriptional activity of uPAR, controlling the differentiation of VSMCs in a vascular disease model. They also suggest a new role for uPAR as a therapeutic target and as a marker for VSMC phenotyping on prosthetic biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Kiyan
- Nephrology Department, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
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Vallabhaneni KC, Tkachuk S, Kiyan Y, Shushakova N, Haller H, Dumler I, Eden G. Urokinase receptor mediates mobilization, migration, and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Cardiovasc Res 2010; 90:113-21. [PMID: 21088115 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvq362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have regenerative properties and are recognized as putative players in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. The underlying molecular mechanisms remain, however, sparsely explored. Our study was designed to elucidate a probable role for the multifunctional urokinase (uPA)/urokinase receptor (uPAR) system in MSC regulation. Though uPAR has been implicated in a broad spectrum of pathophysiological processes, nothing is known about uPAR in MSCs. METHODS AND RESULTS uPAR was required to mobilize MSCs from the bone marrow (BM) of mice stimulated with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in vivo. An insignificant amount of MSCs was mobilized in uPAR(-/-) C57BL/6J mice, whereas in wild-type animals G-CSF induced an eight-fold increase of mobilized MSCs. uPAR(-/-) mice revealed up-regulated expression of G-CSF and stromal cell-derived factor 1 (CXCR4) receptors in BM. uPAR down-regulation leads to inhibition of human MSC migration, as shown in different migration assays. uPAR down- or up-regulation resulted in inhibition or stimulation of MSC differentiation into vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) correspondingly, as monitored by changes in cell morphology and expression of specific marker proteins. Injection of fluorescently labelled MSCs in non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) mice after femoral artery wire injury demonstrated impaired engraftment of uPAR-deficient MSCs at the place of injury. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest a multifaceted function of uPAR in MSC biology contributing to vascular repair. uPAR might guide and control the trafficking of MSCs to the vascular wall in response to injury or ischaemia and their differentiation towards functional VSMCs at the site of arterial injury.
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