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Ochoa A, Herrera A, Menendez A, Estefanell M, Ramos C, Pons S. Vinculin is required for interkinetic nuclear migration (INM) and cell cycle progression. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202106169. [PMID: 37889294 PMCID: PMC10609122 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202106169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Vinculin is an actin-binding protein (ABP) that strengthens the connection between the actin cytoskeleton and adhesion complexes. It binds to β-catenin/N-cadherin complexes in apical adherens junctions (AJs), which maintain cell-to-cell adhesions, and to talin/integrins in the focal adhesions (FAs) that attach cells to the basal membrane. Here, we demonstrate that β-catenin targets vinculin to the apical AJs and the centrosome in the embryonic neural tube (NT). Suppression of vinculin slows down the basal-to-apical part of interkinetic nuclear migration (BAINM), arrests neural stem cells (NSCs) in the G2 phase of the cell cycle, and ultimately dismantles the apical actin cytoskeleton. In the NSCs, mitosis initiates when an internalized centrosome gathers with the nucleus during BAINM. Notably, our results show that the first centrosome to be internalized is the daughter centrosome, where β-catenin and vinculin accumulate, and that vinculin suppression prevents centrosome internalization. Thus, we propose that vinculin links AJs, the centrosome, and the actin cytoskeleton where actomyosin contraction forces are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ochoa
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Herrera
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anghara Menendez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Estefanell
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlota Ramos
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sebastian Pons
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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Khumukcham SS, Penugurti V, Bugide S, Dwivedi A, Kumari A, Kesavan PS, Kalali S, Mishra YG, Ramesh VA, Nagarajaram HA, Mazumder A, Manavathi B. HPIP and RUFY3 are noncanonical guanine nucleotide exchange factors of Rab5 to regulate endocytosis-coupled focal adhesion turnover. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105311. [PMID: 37797694 PMCID: PMC10641178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While the role of endocytosis in focal adhesion turnover-coupled cell migration has been established in addition to its conventional role in cellular functions, the molecular regulators and precise molecular mechanisms that underlie this process remain largely unknown. In this study, we report that proto-oncoprotein hematopoietic PBX-interacting protein (HPIP) localizes to focal adhesions as well as endosomal compartments along with RUN FYVE domain-containing protein 3 (RUFY3) and Rab5, an early endosomal protein. HPIP contains two coiled-coil domains (CC1 and CC2) that are necessary for its association with Rab5 and RUFY3 as CC domain double mutant, that is, mtHPIPΔCC1-2 failed to support it. Furthermore, we show that HPIP and RUFY3 activate Rab5 by serving as noncanonical guanine nucleotide exchange factors of Rab5. In support of this, either deletion of coiled-coil domains or silencing of HPIP or RUFY3 impairs Rab5 activation and Rab5-dependent cell migration. Mechanistic studies further revealed that loss of HPIP or RUFY3 expression severely impairs Rab5-mediated focal adhesion disassembly, FAK activation, fibronectin-associated-β1 integrin trafficking, and thus cell migration. Together, this study underscores the importance of HPIP and RUFY3 as noncanonical guanine nucleotide exchange factors of Rab5 and in integrin trafficking and focal adhesion turnover, which implicates in cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vasudevarao Penugurti
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Suresh Bugide
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Anju Dwivedi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Anita Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - P S Kesavan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sruchytha Kalali
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Yasaswi Gayatri Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Vakkalagadda A Ramesh
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, Centre for DNA Finger Printing and Diagnostics (CDFD), Hyderabad, Telangana, India; Laboratory of Computational Biology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Aprotim Mazumder
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Bramanandam Manavathi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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Güler BE, Linnert J, Wolfrum U. Monitoring paxillin in astrocytes reveals the significance of the adhesion G protein coupled receptor VLGR1/ADGRV1 for focal adhesion assembly. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 133:301-312. [PMID: 36929698 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
VLGR1/ADGRV1 (very large G protein-coupled receptor-1) is the largest adhesion G protein-coupled receptor (aGPCR). Mutations in VLGR1/ADGRV1 are associated with human Usher syndrome, the most common form of deaf-blindness, and also with epilepsy in humans and mice. VLGR1 is expressed almost ubiquitously but is mainly found in the CNS and in the sensory cells of the eye and inner ear. Little is known about the pathogenesis of the diseases related to VLGR1. We previously identified VLGR1 as a vital component of focal adhesions (FAs) serving as a metabotropic mechanoreceptor controls cell spreading and migration. FAs are highly dynamic and turnover in response to internal and external signals. Here, we aimed to elucidate how VLGR1 participates in FA turnover. Nocodazole washouts and live cell imaging of paxillin-DsRed2 consistently showed that FA disassembly was not altered, but de novo assembly of FA was significantly delayed in Vlgr1-deficient astrocytes, indicating that VLGR1 is enrolled in FA assembly. In FRAP experiments, recovery rates were significantly reduced in Vlgr1-deficient FAs, indicating reduced turnover kinetics in VLGR1-deficient FAs. We showed that VLGR1 regulates cell migration by controlling the FA turnover during their assembly and expect novel insights into pathomechanisms related to pathogenic dysfunctions of VLGR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baran E Güler
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Joshua Linnert
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Uwe Wolfrum
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Jang DG, Kwon KY, Song EK, Park TJ. Integrin β-like 1 protein (ITGBL1) promotes cell migration by preferentially inhibiting integrin-ECM binding at the trailing edge. Genes Genomics 2022; 44:405-413. [PMID: 35066808 PMCID: PMC8921176 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01204-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Cell migration is a basic cellular behavior involved in multiple phenomena in the human body such as embryonic development, wound healing, immune reactions, and cancer metastasis. For proper cell migration, integrin and the ECM binding complex must be disassembled for the retraction of trailing edges. Objective Integrin must be differentially regulated at leading edges or trailing edges during cell migration. Previously, we showed that ITGBL1 was a secreted protein and inhibits integrin activity. Therefore, we examined the function of ITGBL1 on the retraction of trailing edges during cell migration. Methods To examined the function of ITGBL1 on cell migration, we knocked-down or overexpressed ITGBL1 by using ITGBL1 siRNA or ITGBL1 plasmid DNA in human chondrocytes or ATDC5 cells. We then characterized cellular migration and directionality by performing wound healing assays. Also, to analyze leading-edge formation and trailing-edge retraction, we labeled cell membranes with membrane-GFP and performed live imaging of migrating cells and. Finally, we specifically detected active forms of integrin, FAK and Vinculin using specific antibodies upon ITGBL1 depletion or overexpression. Result In this study, ITGBL1 preferentially inhibited integrin activity at the trailing edges to promote cell migration. ITGBL1-depleted cells showed increased focal adhesions at the membranous traces of trailing edges to prevent the retraction of trailing edges. In contrast, overexpression of ITGBL1 upregulated directional cell migration by promoting focal adhesion disassembly at the trailing edges. Conclusion ITGBL1 facilitates directional cell migration by promoting disassembly of the trailing edge focal adhesion complex. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13258-021-01204-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Gil Jang
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Yeong Kwon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Song
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Tae Joo Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
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Hu J, Li Y, Wei Z, Chen H, Sun X, Zhou Q, Zhang Q, Yin Y, Guo M, Chen J, Zhai G, Xu B, Xie J. A reduction in the vascular smooth muscle cell focal adhesion component syndecan-4 is associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm formation. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e605. [PMID: 34936241 PMCID: PMC8693440 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a serious vascular disease for which there is no effective drug treatment. The incidence of AAA increases significantly as a subject ages, and the molecular mechanism of AAA formation remains elusive. In the present study, we investigated the role of syndecan-4 (SDC4), an important component of focal adhesions, in AAA formation and its association with phenotypic changes in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). METHODS AND RESULTS The protein expression levels of SDC4 were significantly decreased in human AAA tissue and those of an AAA mouse model. Moreover, SDC4 knockout (KO) in mice accelerated the formation and rupture of AAAs induced by angiotensin II (Ang II) and calcium chloride (CaCl2 ) Mechanistically, the decrease in SDC4 led to the transformation of cultured VSMCs from a contractile to a secretory phenotype. The RhoA-F/G-actin-myocardin-related transcription factor-A (MRTF-A) signalling pathway was shown to be involved in SDC4-dependent VSMC alteration. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a G-protein-coupled receptor, attenuated the AAA formation in SDC4-KO and wild-type (WT) mice in response to Ang II and CaCl2 stimulation. CONCLUSION We herein demonstrated that silencing SDC4 was associated with increased AAA formation and phenotypic changes in VSMCs via the RhoA-F/G-actin-MRTF-A pathway. These findings indicated that a reduction in SDC4 expression was an important pathological alteration and potential therapeutic target for AAA formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yuyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhonghai Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Haiting Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xuan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yong Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Meng Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jianzhou Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Guangyao Zhai
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Biao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
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Denis KB, Cabe JI, Danielsson BE, Tieu KV, Mayer CR, Conway DE. The LINC complex is required for endothelial cell adhesion and adaptation to shear stress and cyclic stretch. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:1654-1663. [PMID: 34191529 PMCID: PMC8684736 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-11-0698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex is a structure consisting of nesprin, SUN, and lamin proteins. A principal function of the LINC complex is anchoring the nucleus to the actin, microtubule, and intermediate filament cytoskeletons. The LINC complex is present in nearly all cell types, including endothelial cells. Endothelial cells line the innermost surfaces of blood vessels and are critical for blood vessel barrier function. In addition, endothelial cells have specialized functions, including adaptation to the mechanical forces of blood flow. Previous studies have shown that depletion of individual nesprin isoforms results in impaired endothelial cell function. To further investigate the role of the LINC complex in endothelial cells we utilized dominant negative KASH (DN-KASH), a dominant negative protein that displaces endogenous nesprins from the nuclear envelope and disrupts nuclear-cytoskeletal connections. Endothelial cells expressing DN-KASH had altered cell-cell adhesion and barrier function, as well as altered cell-matrix adhesion and focal adhesion dynamics. In addition, cells expressing DN-KASH failed to properly adapt to shear stress or cyclic stretch. DN-KASH-expressing cells exhibited impaired collective cell migration in wound healing and angiogenesis assays. Our results demonstrate the importance of an intact LINC complex in endothelial cell function and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin B. Denis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 20284
| | - Jolene I. Cabe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 20284
| | - Brooke E. Danielsson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 20284
| | - Katie V. Tieu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 20284
| | - Carl R. Mayer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 20284
| | - Daniel E. Conway
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 20284
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Zhu Y, Tian J, Peng X, Wang X, Yang N, Ying P, Wang H, Li B, Li Y, Zhang M, Cai Y, Lu Z, Niu S, Li Y, Zhong R, Chang J, Miao X. A genetic variant conferred high expression of CAV2 promotes pancreatic cancer progression and associates with poor prognosis. Eur J Cancer 2021; 151:94-105. [PMID: 33975060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to identify the functional genes and genetic variants associated with the prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and reveal the mechanism underlying their prognostic roles. METHODS First, we implement a two-stage exome-wide association study in a total of 1070 patients to identify the genetic variant correlated with PDAC prognosis. Then we performed fine mapping through bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assays to reveal the causal functional variant and prognostic gene. Next, we established the gene knockdown, knockout, and overexpression cell lines with small interfering RNA, CRISPR/Cas9, and lentivirus, respectively, and investigated the gene function on cell proliferation and migration in vivo and in vitro. Finally, we performed the RNA-seq to elucidate downstream genes and mechanisms altering PDAC prognosis. RESULTS We identified the CAV1-CAV2 locus tagged by rs8940 was significantly associated with PDAC prognosis, and rs10249656 in the 3'untranslated region of CAV2 was the real functional variant, which upregulated CAV2 expression through abolishing miR-548s binding. We observed upregulated CAV2 in PDAC and the higher expression correlated with worse prognosis. Transient knockdown of CAV2 inhibited PDAC migration without affecting proliferation rate. Knockout of CAV2 suppressed PDAC progression and metastasis, whereas stable overexpression of CAV2 promoted. Overexpressed CAV2 promoted the PDAC progression and metastasis via perturbing genes in the focal adhesion (CCND1, IGTA1, and ZYX) and extracellular matrix organisation (PLOD2, CAST, and ITGA1) pathways mechanically. CONCLUSION These findings shed light on an important role of CAV2 on PDAC progression and the prognostic impact of its genetic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianbo Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiating Peng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pingting Ying
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haoxue Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yimin Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zequn Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Siyuan Niu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiang Chang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xiaoping Miao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Jeong JE, Seol B, Kim HS, Kim JY, Cho YS. Exploration of Alternative Splicing Events in Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12050737. [PMID: 34068253 PMCID: PMC8153164 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although comparative genome-wide transcriptomic analysis has provided insight into the biology of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs), the distinct alternative splicing (AS) signatures of iMSCs remain elusive. Here, we performed Illumina RNA sequencing analysis to characterize AS events in iMSCs compared with tissue-derived MSCs. A total of 4586 differentially expressed genes (|FC| > 2) were identified between iMSCs and umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (UCB-MSCs), including 2169 upregulated and 2417 downregulated genes. Of these, 164 differentially spliced events (BF > 20) in 112 genes were identified between iMSCs and UCB-MSCs. The predominant type of AS found in iMSCs was skipped exons (43.3%), followed by retained introns (19.5%), alternative 3′ (15.2%) and 5′ (12.8%) splice sites, and mutually exclusive exons (9.1%). Functional enrichment analysis showed that the differentially spliced genes (|FC| > 2 and BF > 20) were mainly enriched in functions associated with focal adhesion, extracellular exosomes, extracellular matrix organization, cell adhesion, and actin binding. Splice isoforms of selected genes including TRPT1, CNN2, and AP1G2, identified in sashimi plots, were further validated by RT-PCR analysis. This study provides valuable insight into the biology of iMSCs and the translation of mechanistic understanding of iMSCs into therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eun Jeong
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.-E.J.); (B.S.); (H.-S.K.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Binna Seol
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.-E.J.); (B.S.); (H.-S.K.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Han-Seop Kim
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.-E.J.); (B.S.); (H.-S.K.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Jae-Yun Kim
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.-E.J.); (B.S.); (H.-S.K.); (J.-Y.K.)
- Department of Bioscience, KRIBB School, University of Science & Technology, 113 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Yee-Sook Cho
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.-E.J.); (B.S.); (H.-S.K.); (J.-Y.K.)
- Department of Bioscience, KRIBB School, University of Science & Technology, 113 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-860-4479; Fax: +82-42-860-4608
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9
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Ye Z, Wang D, Lu Y, He Y, Yu J, Wei W, Chen C, Wang R, Zhang L, Zhang L, Le MTN, Cho WC, Yang M, Zhang H, Yue J. Vacuolin-1 inhibits endosomal trafficking and metastasis via CapZβ. Oncogene 2021; 40:1775-1791. [PMID: 33564074 PMCID: PMC7946642 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01662-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the fundamental cause of cancer mortality, but there are still very few anti-metastatic drugs available. Endosomal trafficking has been implicated in tumor metastasis, and we have previously found that small chemical vacuolin-1 (V1) potently inhibits autophagosome-lysosome fusion and general endosomal-lysosomal degradation. Here, we assessed the anti-metastatic activity of V1 both in vitro and in vivo. V1 significantly inhibits colony formation, migration, and invasion of various cancer cells in vitro. It also compromises the assembly-disassembly dynamics of focal adhesions (FAs) by inhibiting the recycling and degradation of integrins. In various experimental or transgenic mouse models, V1 significantly suppresses the metastasis and/or tumor growth of breast cancer or melanoma. We further identified capping protein Zβ (CapZβ) as a V1 binding protein and showed that it is required for the V1-mediated inhibition of migration and metastasis of cancer cells. Collectively, our results indicate that V1 targets CapZβ to inhibit endosomal trafficking and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuodong Ye
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yingying Lu
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yunjiao He
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jingting Yu
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenjie Wei
- Research Core Facilities, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518052, China
| | - Chang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liangren Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Minh T N Le
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 30 Gascoigne Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mengsu Yang
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongmin Zhang
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jianbo Yue
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- City University of Hong Kong Chengdu Research Institute, Chengdu, China.
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10
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Boufroura FZ, Tomkiewicz-Raulet C, Poindessous V, Castille J, Vilotte JL, Bastin J, Mouillet-Richard S, Djouadi F. Cellular prion protein dysfunction in a prototypical inherited metabolic myopathy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:2157-2167. [PMID: 32875355 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03624-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Inherited fatty acid oxidation diseases in their mild forms often present as metabolic myopathies. Carnitine Palmitoyl Transferase 2 (CPT2) deficiency, one such prototypical disorder is associated with compromised myotube differentiation. Here, we show that CPT2-deficient myotubes exhibit defects in focal adhesions and redox balance, exemplified by increased SOD2 expression. We document unprecedented alterations in the cellular prion protein PrPC, which directly arise from the failure in CPT2 enzymatic activity. We also demonstrate that the loss of PrPC function in normal myotubes recapitulates the defects in focal adhesion, redox balance and differentiation hallmarks monitored in CPT2-deficient cells. These results are further corroborated by studies performed in muscles from Prnp-/- mice. Altogether, our results unveil a molecular scenario, whereby PrPC dysfunction governed by faulty CPT2 activity may drive aberrant focal adhesion turnover and hinder proper myotube differentiation. Our study adds a novel facet to the involvement of PrPC in diverse physiopathological situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima-Zohra Boufroura
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 15, rue de L'Ecole de Médecine, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Céline Tomkiewicz-Raulet
- Centre Universitaire des Saints Pères, INSERM U1124, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Poindessous
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 15, rue de L'Ecole de Médecine, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Johan Castille
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE AgroParisTech, UMR1313 Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jean-Luc Vilotte
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE AgroParisTech, UMR1313 Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jean Bastin
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 15, rue de L'Ecole de Médecine, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Mouillet-Richard
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 15, rue de L'Ecole de Médecine, 75006, Paris, France.
| | - Fatima Djouadi
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 15, rue de L'Ecole de Médecine, 75006, Paris, France.
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11
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Malek N, Michrowska A, Mazurkiewicz E, Mrówczyńska E, Mackiewicz P, Mazur AJ. The origin of the expressed retrotransposed gene ACTBL2 and its influence on human melanoma cells' motility and focal adhesion formation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3329. [PMID: 33558623 PMCID: PMC7870945 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82074-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We have recently found that β-actin-like protein 2 (actbl2) forms complexes with gelsolin in human melanoma cells and can polymerize. Phylogenetic and bioinformatic analyses showed that actbl2 has a common origin with two non-muscle actins, which share a separate history from the muscle actins. The actin groups' divergence started at the beginning of vertebrate evolution, and actbl2 actins are characterized by the largest number of non-conserved amino acid substitutions of all actins. We also discovered that ACTBL2 is expressed at a very low level in several melanoma cell lines, but a small subset of cells exhibited a high ACTBL2 expression. We found that clones with knocked-out ACTBL2 (CR-ACTBL2) or overexpressing actbl2 (OE-ACTBL2) differ from control cells in the invasion, focal adhesion formation, and actin polymerization ratio, as well as in the formation of lamellipodia and stress fibers. Thus, we postulate that actbl2 is the seventh actin isoform and is essential for cell motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Malek
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, ul. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Michrowska
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, ul. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Mazurkiewicz
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, ul. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Mrówczyńska
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, ul. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Mackiewicz
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, ul. Joliot-Curie 14a, Wroclaw, 50-383, Poland
| | - Antonina J Mazur
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, ul. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland.
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12
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Mezzena R, Masciullo C, Antonini S, Cremisi F, Scheffner M, Cecchini M, Tonazzini I. Study of adhesion and migration dynamics in ubiquitin E3A ligase (UBE3A)-silenced SYSH5Y neuroblastoma cells by micro-structured surfaces. Nanotechnology 2021; 32:025708. [PMID: 33055385 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abbb03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
During neuronal development, neuronal cells read extracellular stimuli from the micro/nano-environment within which they exist, retrieving essential directionality and wiring information. Here, focal adhesions (FAs-protein clusters anchoring integrins to cytoskeleton) act as sensors, by integrating signals from both the extracellular matrix environment and chemotactic factors, contributing to the final neuronal pathfinding and migration. In the processes that orchestrate neuronal development, the important function of ubiquitin E3A ligase (UBE3A) is emerging. UBE3A has crucial functions in the brain and changes in its expression levels lead to neurodevelopmental disorders: the lack of UBE3A leads to Angelman syndrome (AS, OMIN 105830), while its increase causes autisms (Dup15q-autism). By using nano/micro-structured anisotropic substrates we previously showed that UBE3A-deficient neurons have deficits in contact guidance (Tonazzini et al, Mol Autism 2019). Here, we investigate the adhesion and migration dynamics of UBE3A-silenced SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells in vitro by exploiting nano/micro-grooved substrates. We analyze the molecular processes regulating the development of FAs by transfection with EGFP-vector encoding for paxillin, a protein of FA clusters, and by live-cell total-internal-reflection-fluorescence microscopy. We show that UBE3A-silenced SH-SY5Y cells have impaired FA morphological development and pathway activation, which lead to a delayed adhesion and also explain the defective contact guidance in response to directional topographical stimuli. However, UBE3A-silenced SH-SY5Y cells show an overall normal migration behavior, in terms of speed and ability to follow the GRs directional stimulus. Only the collective cell migration upon cell gaps was slightly delayed for UBE3Ash SHs. Overall, the deficits of UBE3Ash SHS-SY5Y cells in FA maturation/sensing and in collective migration may have patho-physiological implications, in AS condition, considering the much more complex stimuli that neurons find in vivo during the neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mezzena
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze- CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Masciullo
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze- CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - S Antonini
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze- CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Cremisi
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Bio@SNS, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Scheffner
- University of Konstanz, Department of Biology, Konstanz, Germany
| | - M Cecchini
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze- CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - I Tonazzini
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze- CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto Veronesi, Milano, Italy
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13
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Donhauser N, Socher E, Millen S, Heym S, Sticht H, Thoma-Kress AK. Transfer of HTLV-1 p8 and Gag to target T-cells depends on VASP, a novel interaction partner of p8. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008879. [PMID: 32997728 PMCID: PMC7526893 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) orf I-encoded accessory protein p8 is cleaved from its precursor p12, and both proteins contribute to viral persistence. p8 induces cellular protrusions, which are thought to facilitate transfer of p8 to target cells and virus transmission. Host factors interacting with p8 and mediating p8 transfer are unknown. Here, we report that vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), which promotes actin filament elongation, is a novel interaction partner of p8 and important for p8 and HTLV-1 Gag cell-to-cell transfer. VASP contains an Ena/VASP homology 1 (EVH1) domain that targets the protein to focal adhesions. Bioinformatics identified a short stretch in p8 (amino acids (aa) 24–45) which may mediate interactions with the EVH1 domain of VASP. Co-immunoprecipitations confirmed interactions of VASP:p8 in 293T, Jurkat and HTLV-1-infected MT-2 cells. Co-precipitation of VASP:p8 could be significantly blocked by peptides mimicking aa 26–37 of p8. Mutational studies revealed that the EVH1-domain of VASP is necessary, but not sufficient for the interaction with p8. Further, deletion of the VASP G- and F-actin binding domains significantly diminished co-precipitation of p8. Imaging identified areas of partial co-localization of VASP with p8 at the plasma membrane and in protrusive structures, which was confirmed by proximity ligation assays. Co-culture experiments revealed that p8 is transferred between Jurkat T-cells via VASP-containing conduits. Imaging and flow cytometry revealed that repression of both endogenous and overexpressed VASP by RNA interference or by CRISPR/Cas9 reduced p8 transfer to the cell surface and to target Jurkat T-cells. Stable repression of VASP by RNA interference in chronically infected MT-2 cells impaired both p8 and HTLV-1 Gag transfer to target Jurkat T-cells, while virus release was unaffected. Thus, we identified VASP as a novel interaction partner of p8, which is important for transfer of HTLV-1 p8 and Gag to target T-cells. The delta-retrovirus Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 encodes the accessory protein p8, which is generated by proteolytic cleavage from p12. Earlier work has shown that p8 enhances the formation of cellular conduits between T-cells, is transferred through these conduits to target T-cells and increases HTLV-1 transmission. It was suggested that p8 dampens T-cell responses in target T-cells, thus facilitating HTLV-1 infection. Our work sheds light on the mechanism of p8 transfer to target T-cells. We show that vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), a novel interaction partner of p8, contributes to transfer of p8 to target T-cells. Mechanistically, VASP is crucial for recruitment of p8 to the cell surface. Since VASP is known to promote elongation of actin filaments by preventing them from capping, interactions of p8 with VASP are an elegant strategy to exploit the host cell machinery for being transported to the cell surface, and as a consequence, to other cells. Given that VASP is also important for cell-to-cell transfer of the HTLV-1 Gag protein, our work proposes that VASP is a new cellular target to counteract HTLV-1 cell-to-cell transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Donhauser
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eileen Socher
- Division of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Millen
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Heym
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Heinrich Sticht
- Division of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrea K. Thoma-Kress
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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14
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Jen HW, Gu DL, Lang YD, Jou YS. PSPC1 Potentiates IGF1R Expression to Augment Cell Adhesion and Motility. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061490. [PMID: 32570949 PMCID: PMC7349238 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Paraspeckle protein 1 (PSPC1) overexpression in cancers is known to be the pro-metastatic switch of tumor progression associated with poor prognosis of cancer patients. However, the detail molecular mechanisms to facilitate cancer cell migration remain elusive. Here, we conducted integrated analysis of human phospho-kinase antibody array, transcriptome analysis with RNA-seq, and proteomic analysis of protein pulldown to study the molecular detail of PSPC1-potentiated phenotypical transformation, adhesion, and motility in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. We found that PSPC1 overexpression re-assembles and augments stress fiber formations to promote recruitment of focal adhesion contacts at the protruding edge to facilitate cell migration. PSPC1 activated focal adhesion-associated kinases especially FAK/Src signaling to enhance cell adhesion and motility toward extracellular matrix (ECM). Integrated transcriptome and gene set enrichment analysis indicated that PSPC1 modulated receptor tyrosine kinase IGF1R involved in the focal adhesion pathway and induction of diverse integrins expression. Knockdown IGF1R expression and treatment of IGF1R inhibitor suppressed PSPC1-induced cell motility. Interestingly, knockdown PSPC1-interacted paraspeckle components including NONO, FUS, and the lncRNA Neat1 abolished PSPC1-activated IGF1R expression. Together, PSPC1 overexpression induced focal adhesion formation and facilitated cell motility via activation of IGF1R signaling. PSPC1 overexpression in tumors could be a potential biomarker of target therapy with IGF1R inhibitor for improvement of HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Wei Jen
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (D.-L.G.); (Y.-D.L.)
| | - De-Leung Gu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (D.-L.G.); (Y.-D.L.)
| | - Yaw-Dong Lang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (D.-L.G.); (Y.-D.L.)
| | - Yuh-Shan Jou
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (D.-L.G.); (Y.-D.L.)
- Correspondence:
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15
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Cassandri M, Butera A, Amelio I, Lena AM, Montanaro M, Mauriello A, Anemona L, Candi E, Knight RA, Agostini M, Melino G. ZNF750 represses breast cancer invasion via epigenetic control of prometastatic genes. Oncogene 2020; 39:4331-4343. [PMID: 32313225 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1277-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women, largely due to the progression of a significant fraction of primary tumours to the metastatic stage. Here, we show that zinc-finger protein 750 (ZNF750) opposes the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells by repressing a prometastatic transcriptional programme, which includes genes involved in focal adhesion and extracellular matrix interactions, such as LAMB3 and CTNNAL1. Mechanistically, ZNF750 recruits the epigenetic modifiers KDM1A and HDAC1 to the promoter regions of LAMB3 and CTNNAL1, influencing histone marks and transactivating these genomic sites. Gene expression analysis in cancer patient datasets indicated that ZNF750 and its targets were negative prognostic factors in breast cancer. Together, our findings shed light on the molecular mechanism by which ZNF750 regulates cell migration and invasion, suggesting a role in breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Cassandri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
- Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesu' Children's Hospital, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Butera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Ivano Amelio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
- Department of Pathology, MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Anna Maria Lena
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Montanaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mauriello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Anemona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
- IDI-IRCCS, via Monti di Creta, 106, 00166, Rome, Italy
| | - Richard A Knight
- Department of Pathology, MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Massimiliano Agostini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Pathology, MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK.
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16
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Malek N, Mrówczyńska E, Michrowska A, Mazurkiewicz E, Pavlyk I, Mazur AJ. Knockout of ACTB and ACTG1 with CRISPR/Cas9(D10A) Technique Shows that Non-Muscle β and γ Actin Are Not Equal in Relation to Human Melanoma Cells' Motility and Focal Adhesion Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082746. [PMID: 32326615 PMCID: PMC7216121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-muscle actins have been studied for many decades; however, the reason for the existence of both isoforms is still unclear. Here we show, for the first time, a successful inactivation of the ACTB (CRISPR clones with inactivated ACTB, CR-ACTB) and ACTG1 (CRISPR clones with inactivated ACTG1, CR-ACTG1) genes in human melanoma cells (A375) via the RNA-guided D10A mutated Cas9 nuclease gene editing [CRISPR/Cas9(D10A)] technique. This approach allowed us to evaluate how melanoma cell motility was impacted by the lack of either β actin coded by ACTB or γ actin coded by ACTG1. First, we observed different distributions of β and γ actin in the cells, and the absence of one actin isoform was compensated for via increased expression of the other isoform. Moreover, we noted that γ actin knockout had more severe consequences on cell migration and invasion than β actin knockout. Next, we observed that the formation rate of bundled stress fibers in CR-ACTG1 cells was increased, but lamellipodial activity in these cells was impaired, compared to controls. Finally, we discovered that the formation rate of focal adhesions (FAs) and, subsequently, FA-dependent signaling were altered in both the CR-ACTB and CR-ACTG1 clones; however, a more detrimental effect was observed for γ actin-deficient cells. Our research shows that both non-muscle actins play distinctive roles in melanoma cells’ FA formation and motility.
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17
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Schimmel L, Fukuhara D, Richards M, Jin Y, Essebier P, Frampton E, Hedlund M, Dejana E, Claesson-Welsh L, Gordon E. c-Src controls stability of sprouting blood vessels in the developing retina independently of cell-cell adhesion through focal adhesion assembly. Development 2020; 147:dev185405. [PMID: 32108024 PMCID: PMC7157583 DOI: 10.1242/dev.185405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cell adhesion is implicated in blood vessel sprout formation, yet how adhesion controls angiogenesis, and whether it occurs via rapid remodeling of adherens junctions or focal adhesion assembly, or both, remains poorly understood. Furthermore, how endothelial cell adhesion is controlled in particular tissues and under different conditions remains unexplored. Here, we have identified an unexpected role for spatiotemporal c-Src activity in sprouting angiogenesis in the retina, which is in contrast to the dominant focus on the role of c-Src in the maintenance of vascular integrity. Thus, mice specifically deficient in endothelial c-Src displayed significantly reduced blood vessel sprouting and loss in actin-rich filopodial protrusions at the vascular front of the developing retina. In contrast to what has been observed during vascular leakage, endothelial cell-cell adhesion was unaffected by loss of c-Src. Instead, decreased angiogenic sprouting was due to loss of focal adhesion assembly and cell-matrix adhesion, resulting in loss of sprout stability. These results demonstrate that c-Src signaling at specified endothelial cell membrane compartments (adherens junctions or focal adhesions) control vascular processes in a tissue- and context-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Schimmel
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Daisuke Fukuhara
- Uppsala University, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Mark Richards
- Uppsala University, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Yi Jin
- Uppsala University, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Patricia Essebier
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Emmanuelle Frampton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Marie Hedlund
- Uppsala University, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Elisabetta Dejana
- Uppsala University, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Lena Claesson-Welsh
- Uppsala University, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Emma Gordon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Uppsala University, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
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18
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Balcioglu HE, Balasubramaniam L, Stirbat TV, Doss BL, Fardin MA, Mège RM, Ladoux B. A subtle relationship between substrate stiffness and collective migration of cell clusters. Soft Matter 2020; 16:1825-1839. [PMID: 31970382 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01893j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The physical cues from the extracellular environment mediates cell signaling spatially and temporally. Cells respond to physical cues from their environment in a non-monotonic fashion. Despite our understanding of the role of substrate rigidity on single cell migration, how cells respond collectively to increasing extracellular matrix stiffness is not well established. Here we patterned multicellular epithelial Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) islands on polyacrylamide gels of varying stiffness and studied their expansion. Our findings show that the MDCK islands expanded faster with increasing stiffness only up to an optimum stiffness, over which the expansion plateaued. We then focused on the expansion of the front of the assemblies and the formation of leader cells. We observed cell front destabilization only above substrate stiffness of a few kPa. The extension of multicellular finger-like structures at the edges of the colonies for intermediate and high stiffnesses from 6 to 60 kPa responded to higher substrate stiffness by increasing focal adhesion areas and actin cable assembly. Additionally, the number of leader cells at the finger-like protrusions increased with stiffness in correlation with an increase of the area of these multicellular protrusions. Consequently, the force profile along the epithelial fingers in the parallel and transverse directions of migration showed an unexpected relationship leading to a global force decrease with the increase of stiffness. Taken together, our findings show that epithelial cell colonies respond to substrate stiffness but in a non-trivial manner that may be of importance to understand morphogenesis and collective cell invasion during tumour progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayri E Balcioglu
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
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Wang W, Zuidema A, te Molder L, Nahidiazar L, Hoekman L, Schmidt T, Coppola S, Sonnenberg A. Hemidesmosomes modulate force generation via focal adhesions. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:e201904137. [PMID: 31914171 PMCID: PMC7041674 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201904137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemidesmosomes are specialized cell-matrix adhesion structures that are associated with the keratin cytoskeleton. Although the adhesion function of hemidesmosomes has been extensively studied, their role in mechanosignaling and transduction remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that keratinocytes lacking hemidesmosomal integrin α6β4 exhibit increased focal adhesion formation, cell spreading, and traction-force generation. Moreover, disruption of the interaction between α6β4 and intermediate filaments or laminin-332 results in similar phenotypical changes. We further demonstrate that integrin α6β4 regulates the activity of the mechanosensitive transcriptional regulator YAP through inhibition of Rho-ROCK-MLC- and FAK-PI3K-dependent signaling pathways. Additionally, increased tension caused by impaired hemidesmosome assembly leads to a redistribution of integrin αVβ5 from clathrin lattices to focal adhesions. Our results reveal a novel role for hemidesmosomes as regulators of cellular mechanical forces and establish the existence of a mechanical coupling between adhesion complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alba Zuidema
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lisa te Molder
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Leila Nahidiazar
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Hoekman
- Mass Spectrometry/Proteomics Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Physics of Life Processes, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Stefano Coppola
- Physics of Life Processes, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Arnoud Sonnenberg
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Saeed-Zidane M, Tesfaye D, Mohammed Shaker Y, Tholen E, Neuhoff C, Rings F, Held E, Hoelker M, Schellander K, Salilew-Wondim D. Hyaluronic acid and epidermal growth factor improved the bovine embryo quality by regulating the DNA methylation and expression patterns of the focal adhesion pathway. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223753. [PMID: 31661494 PMCID: PMC6818761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion pathway is one of the key molecular pathways affected by suboptimal culture conditions during embryonic development. The epidermal growth factor (EGF) and hyaluronic acid (HA) are believed to be involved in the focal adhesion pathway function by regulating the adherence of the molecules to the extracellular matrix. However, regulatory and molecular mechanisms through which the EGF and HA could influence the embryo development is not clear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of continued or stage specific supplementation of EGF and/or HA on the developmental competence and quality of bovine preimplantation embryos and the subsequent consequences on the expression and DNA methylation patterns of genes involved in the focal adhesion pathway. The results revealed that, the supplementation of EGF or HA from zygote to the blastocysts stage reduced the level of reactive oxygen species and increased hatching rate after thawing. On the other hand, HA decreased the apoptotic nuclei and increased blastocyst compared to EGF supplemented group. Gene expression and DNA methylation analysis in the resulting blastocysts indicated that, combined supplementation of EGF and HA increased the expression of genes involved in focal adhesion pathway while supplementation of EGF, HA or a combination of EGF and HA during the entire preimplantation period changed the DNA methylation patterns of genes involved in focal adhesion pathway. On the other hand, blastocysts developed in culture media supplemented with EGF + HA until the 16-cell stage exhibited higher expression level of genes involved in focal adhesion pathway compared to those supplemented after the 16-cell stage. Conversely, the DNA methylation level of candidate genes was increased in the blastocysts obtained from embryos cultured in media supplemented with EGF + HA after 16-cell stage. In conclusion, supplementation of bovine embryos with EGF and/or HA during the entire preimplantation period or in a stage specific manner altered the DNA methylation and expression patterns of candidate genes involved in the focal adhesion pathway which was in turn associated with the observed embryonic developmental competence and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Saeed-Zidane
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Animal and Poultry Physiology Department, Animal and Poultry Production Division, Desert Research Center, Mataria, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dawit Tesfaye
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Teaching and Research Station Frankenforst, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Königswinter, Germany
- Center of Integrated Dairy Research, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yousri Mohammed Shaker
- Animal and Poultry Physiology Department, Animal and Poultry Production Division, Desert Research Center, Mataria, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ernst Tholen
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christiane Neuhoff
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Franca Rings
- Teaching and Research Station Frankenforst, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Königswinter, Germany
| | - Eva Held
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Teaching and Research Station Frankenforst, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Königswinter, Germany
| | - Michael Hoelker
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Teaching and Research Station Frankenforst, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Königswinter, Germany
- Center of Integrated Dairy Research, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karl Schellander
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Teaching and Research Station Frankenforst, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Königswinter, Germany
- Center of Integrated Dairy Research, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dessie Salilew-Wondim
- Institute of Animal Science, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Cabezas MD, Meckes B, Mirkin CA, Mrksich M. Subcellular Control over Focal Adhesion Anisotropy, Independent of Cell Morphology, Dictates Stem Cell Fate. ACS Nano 2019; 13:11144-11152. [PMID: 31532622 PMCID: PMC6924571 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Although microscale patterning techniques have been used to control cell morphology and shape, they only provide indirect control over the formation of the subcellular cytoskeletal elements that determine contractility. This paper addresses the hypotheses that nanoscale anisotropic features of a patterned matrix can direct the alignment of internal cytoskeletal actin fibers within a confined shape with an unbiased aspect ratio, and that this enhanced control over cytoskeletal architecture directs programmed cell behaviors. Here, large-area polymer pen lithography is used to pattern substrates with nanoscale extracellular matrix protein features and to identify cues that can be used to direct cytoskeletal organization in human mesenchymal stem cells. This nanopatterning approach is used to identify how anisotropic focal adhesions around the periphery of symmetric patterns yield an organized and contractile actin cytoskeleton. This work reports the important finding that anisotropic cues that increase cell contractility within a circular shape redirect cell differentiation from an adipogenic to an osteogenic fate. Together, these experiments introduce a programmable approach for using subcellular spatial cues to control cell behavior within defined geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D. Cabezas
- Department of Chemistry, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Brian Meckes
- Department of Chemistry, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Chad A. Mirkin
- Department of Chemistry, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Corresponding authors:,
| | - Milan Mrksich
- Department of Chemistry, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Corresponding authors:,
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Hoock SC, Ritter A, Steinhäuser K, Roth S, Behrends C, Oswald F, Solbach C, Louwen F, Kreis N, Yuan J. RITA modulates cell migration and invasion by affecting focal adhesion dynamics. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:2121-2141. [PMID: 31353815 PMCID: PMC6763788 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
RITA, the RBP-J interacting and tubulin-associated protein, has been reported to be related to tumor development, but the underlying mechanisms are not understood. Since RITA interacts with tubulin and coats microtubules of the cytoskeleton, we hypothesized that it is involved in cell motility. We show here that depletion of RITA reduces cell migration and invasion of diverse cancer cell lines and mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Cells depleted of RITA display stable focal adhesions (FA) with elevated active integrin, phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase, and paxillin. This is accompanied by enlarged size and disturbed turnover of FA. These cells also demonstrate increased polymerized tubulin. Interestingly, RITA is precipitated with the lipoma-preferred partner (LPP), which is critical in actin cytoskeleton remodeling and cell migration. Suppression of RITA results in reduced LPP and α-actinin at FA leading to compromised focal adhesion turnover and actin dynamics. This study identifies RITA as a novel crucial player in cell migration and invasion by affecting the turnover of FA through its interference with the dynamics of actin filaments and microtubules. Its deregulation may contribute to malignant progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Catharina Hoock
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Andreas Ritter
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Kerstin Steinhäuser
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
- Present address:
Solvadis Distribution GmbHGernsheimGermany
| | - Susanne Roth
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Christian Behrends
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical SchoolJ. W.‐Goethe UniversityFrankfurtGermany
- Present address:
Munich Cluster of Systems NeurologyLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Franz Oswald
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Center for Internal MedicineMedical Center UlmGermany
| | - Christine Solbach
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Frank Louwen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Nina‐Naomi Kreis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | - Juping Yuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of MedicineJ. W. Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurtGermany
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Abstract
KANK proteins mediate cross-talk between dynamic microtubules and integrin-based adhesions to the extracellular matrix. KANKs interact with the integrin/actin-binding protein talin and with several components of microtubule-stabilizing cortical complexes. Because of actomyosin contractility, the talin-KANK complex is likely under mechanical force, and its mechanical stability is expected to be a critical determinant of KANK recruitment to focal adhesions. Here, we quantified the lifetime of the complex of the talin rod domain R7 and the KN domain of KANK1 under shear-force geometry and found that it can withstand forces for seconds to minutes over a physiological force range up to 10 pN. Complex stability measurements combined with cell biological experiments suggest that shear-force stretching promotes KANK1 localization to the periphery of focal adhesions. These results indicate that the talin-KANK1 complex is mechanically strong, enabling it to support the cross-talk between microtubule and actin cytoskeleton at focal adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Mechanobiology Institute , National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | - Shimin Le
- Department of Physics , National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - York-Christoph Ammon
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science , Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin T Goult
- School of Biosciences , University of Kent , Canterbury , United Kingdom
| | - Anna Akhmanova
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science , Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Jie Yan
- Mechanobiology Institute , National University of Singapore , Singapore
- Department of Physics , National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Bioimaging Sciences , National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been proved to be related to the development and progression of lung cancer. However, the expression signatures of miRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma in Xuanwei are not yet clear. The current study aimed to identify the potential miRNA profiles in lung adenocarcinoma in Xuanwei by microarray.The miRNA profiles in 24 lung adenocarcinoma and paired non-tumor tissues in Xuanwei were ascertained by using the Exiqon miRCURY LNA microRNA Array (v.18.0). The results of the microarrays were further verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) detection. Bioinformatics analysis was used to carry out the functional annotations of differentially expressed miRNAs.One hundred fifty five differentially expressed (≥2-fold change) miRNAs were identified (65 upregulated and 90 downregulated). QRT-PCR was used to validate the top 4 most upregulated and downregulated miRNAs, and the results were generally consisted with microarray. Furthermore, the differentially expressed miRNAs were significantly enriched in numerous common pathways that were bound up with cancer. The pathways included focal adhesion and signaling pathways, such as cyclic guanosine monophosphate -protein kinase G (cGMP-PKG) signaling pathways, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, and Hippo signaling pathway, etc.Our study identified the potential miRNA profiles in lung adenocarcinoma in Xuanwei by microarray. These miRNAs might be used as biomarkers for diagnosis and/or prognosis for lung cancer in Xuanwei and therefore warrant further investigation. Further study is needed to reveal the potential role of these miRNAs in the carcinogenesis of XuanWei Lung Cancer (XWLC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaoxiu Hu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center)
| | - Xiaoxiong Wang
- Cancer Research Institute of Yunnan Province
- Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Research of Yunnan Province
- International Joint Laboratory on High Altitude Regional Cancer of Yunnan Province
| | - Yanlong Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University
| | - Yonghe Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Forensic School of Kunming Medical University
| | - Zhenghai Shen
- Cancer Research Institute of Yunnan Province
- Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Research of Yunnan Province
- International Joint Laboratory on High Altitude Regional Cancer of Yunnan Province
| | - Yunchao Huang
- Cancer Research Institute of Yunnan Province
- Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Research of Yunnan Province
- International Joint Laboratory on High Altitude Regional Cancer of Yunnan Province
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, People's Republic of China
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Rahikainen R, Öhman T, Turkki P, Varjosalo M, Hytönen VP. Talin-mediated force transmission and talin rod domain unfolding independently regulate adhesion signaling. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs226514. [PMID: 30837291 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.226514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Talin protein is one of the key components in integrin-mediated adhesion complexes. Talins transmit mechanical forces between β-integrin and actin, and regulate adhesion complex composition and signaling through the force-regulated unfolding of talin rod domain. Using modified talin proteins, we demonstrate that these functions contribute to different cellular processes and can be dissected. The transmission of mechanical forces regulates adhesion complex composition and phosphotyrosine signaling even in the absence of the mechanically regulated talin rod subdomains. However, the presence of the rod subdomains and their mechanical activation are required for the reinforcement of the adhesion complex, cell polarization and migration. Talin rod domain unfolding was also found to be essential for the generation of cellular signaling anisotropy, since both insufficient and excess activity of the rod domain severely inhibited cell polarization. Utilizing proteomics tools, we identified adhesome components that are recruited and activated either in a talin rod-dependent manner or independently of the rod subdomains. This study clarifies the division of roles between the force-regulated unfolding of a talin protein (talin 1) and its function as a physical linker between integrins and the cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolle Rahikainen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology and BioMediTech, Tampere University, Tampere 33014, Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland
| | - Tiina Öhman
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Paula Turkki
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology and BioMediTech, Tampere University, Tampere 33014, Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland
| | - Markku Varjosalo
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Vesa P Hytönen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology and BioMediTech, Tampere University, Tampere 33014, Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland
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Hong SY, Shih YP, Lo A, Lo SH. Identification of subcellular targeting sequences of Cten reveals its role in cell proliferation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2019; 1866:450-458. [PMID: 30321615 PMCID: PMC6311424 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Spatial and temporal subcellular localization plays critical roles in regulating protein function. Cten (C-terminal tensin like) is a member of the tensin family. Cten recruits signaling molecules, such as DLC1, to focal adhesions, modulates homeostasis of receptor tyrosine kinases, including EGFR and c-Met, and promotes cell migration. These functions are likely controlled by Cten localization at focal adhesions and/or in the cytoplasm. In addition, Cten has been detected in the nucleus by which mechanism is unknown. To this end, we have examined the distribution of Cten in various cell lines, determined primary sequence requirements for its nuclear and focal adhesion localizations, and analyzed potential roles of nuclear Cten. Our results show that a proportion of Cten translocates to nuclei in cancer cell lines and that nuclear exporting of Cten is a CRM1-dependent process. A nuclear localization sequence and a nuclear export sequence are identified within Cten. In addition, like other tensins, Cten contains two independent focal adhesion binding sites. Although further expression of recombinant Cten showed no effect on cancer cell proliferation, silencing of Cten significantly reduced cell growth. Furthermore, expression of Cten mutants either with defective nuclear export sequence or tagged with SV40 nuclear localization sequence promoted cell growth. These results suggest that nuclear Cten contributes to cancer cell proliferation. Our findings identify a molecular mechanism for regulating Cten protein trafficking in mammalian cells and provide new insights into the dynamics of focal adhesion complexes in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiao-Ya Hong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, California-Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Yi-Ping Shih
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, California-Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Abigail Lo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, California-Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Su Hao Lo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, California-Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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27
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Cervantes-Garduño A, Zampedri C, Espinosa M, Maldonado V, Melendez-Zajgla J, Ceballos-Cancino G. MT4-MMP Modulates the Expression of miRNAs in Breast Cancer Cells. Arch Med Res 2019; 49:471-478. [PMID: 30792164 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MT4-MMP is a member of the metalloproteinases family, although with a controversial role in the extracellular matrix remodelation. Overexpression of this metalloproteinase has been observed in breast cancer and it has been suggested that it can regulate tumor growth and cancer progression. The mechanisms by which MT4-MMP participates in breast cancer includes tumor blood vessels desestabilization, the activation of an angiogenic switch, and increase of EGFR signaling. However, all the mechanisms by which MT4-MMP participates in breast cancer are still unknowns. AIM OF THE STUDY To study if MT4-MMP could modulate the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) related to biological processes associated with tumor formation and progression. METHODS MT4-MMP was ectopically overexpressed in MDA-MB-231 cells and the miRNAs expression profile modulated by the metalloproteinase was studied by using miRNAs microarrays. Microarray data were analyzed with different tools to find the molecular and cellular functions related to the differentially expressed miRNAs. The clinical relevance of some miRNAs was analyzed using a public database. RESULTS MT4-MMP overexpression in breast cancer cells induced the modulation of 65 miRNAs, which were related to the alteration of pathways dependent of p53, TGF-β, MAPK, ErbB, and Wnt, as well as processes such as cell cycle, adherens junctions, apoptosis, and focal adhesion. Several of the upregulated miRNAs were associated to a worse prognosis in breast cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS In breast cancer cells, the overexpression of MT4-MMP modulates the expression of miRNAs involved in several biological processes associated with tumor formation and progression and with clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Cervantes-Garduño
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Cecilia Zampedri
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Magali Espinosa
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Vilma Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Epigenética, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Jorge Melendez-Zajgla
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Gisela Ceballos-Cancino
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México.
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28
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Liao G, Wang R, Rezey AC, Gerlach BD, Tang DD. MicroRNA miR-509 Regulates ERK1/2, the Vimentin Network, and Focal Adhesions by Targeting Plk1. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12635. [PMID: 30135525 PMCID: PMC6105636 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30895-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) has been implicated in mitosis, cytokinesis, and proliferation. The mechanisms that regulate Plk1 expression remain to be elucidated. It is reported that miR-100 targets Plk1 in certain cancer cells. Here, treatment with miR-100 did not affect Plk1 protein expression in human airway smooth muscle cells. In contrast, treatment with miR-509 inhibited the expression of Plk1 in airway smooth muscle cells. Exposure to miR-509 inhibitor enhanced Plk1 expression in cells. Introduction of miR-509 reduced luciferase activity of a Plk1 3'UTR reporter. Mutation of miR-509 targeting sequence in Plk1 3'UTR resisted the reduction of the luciferase activity. Furthermore, miR-509 inhibited the PDGF-induced phosphorylation of MEK1/2 and ERK1/2, and cell proliferation without affecting the expression of c-Abl, a tyrosine kinase implicated in cell proliferation. Moreover, we unexpectedly found that vimentin filaments contacted paxillin-positive focal adhesions. miR-509 exposure inhibited vimentin phosphorylation at Ser-56, vimentin network reorganization, focal adhesion formation, and cell migration. The effects of miR-509 on ERK1/2 and vimentin were diminished in RNAi-resistant Plk1 expressing cells treated with miR-509. Taken together, these findings unveil previously unknown mechanisms that miR-509 regulates ERK1/2 and proliferation by targeting Plk1. miR-509 controls vimentin cytoskeleton reorganization, focal adhesion assembly, and cell migration through Plk1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoning Liao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Ruping Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Alyssa C Rezey
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Brennan D Gerlach
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Dale D Tang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA.
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Barnes EA, Lee L, Barnes SL, Brenner R, Alvira CM, Cornfield DN. β1-Subunit of the calcium-sensitive potassium channel modulates the pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cell response to hypoxia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L265-L275. [PMID: 29644895 PMCID: PMC6139656 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00060.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Accessory subunits associated with the calcium-sensitive potassium channel (BKCa), a major determinant of vascular tone, confer functional and anatomical diversity. The β1 subunit increases Ca2+ and voltagesensitivity of the BKCa channel and is expressed exclusively in smooth muscle cells. Evidence supporting the physiological significance of the β1 subunit includes the observations that murine models with deletion of the β1 subunit are hypertensive and that humans with a gain-of-function β1 mutation are at a decreased risk of diastolic hypertension. However, whether the β1 subunit of the BKCa channel contributes to the low tone that characterizes the normal pulmonary circulation or modulates the pulmonary vascular response to hypoxia remains unknown. To determine the role of the BKCa channel β1 subunit in the regulation of pulmonary vascular tone and the response to acute and chronic hypoxia, mice with deletion of the Kcnmb1 gene that encodes for the β1 subunit ( Kcnmb1-/-) were placed in chronic hypoxia (10% O2) for 21-24 days. In normoxia, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) did not differ between Kcnmb1+/+ (controls) and Kcnmb1-/- mice. After exposure to either acute or chronic hypoxia, RVSP was higher in Kcnmb1-/- mice compared with Kcnmb1+/+ mice, without increased vascular remodeling. β1 subunit expression was predominantly confined to pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) from vessels ≤ 150 µm. Peripheral PASMCs contracted collagen gels irrespective of β1 expression. Focal adhesion expression and Rho kinase activity were greater in Kcnmb1-/- compared with Kcnmb1+/+ PASMCs. Compromised PASMC β1 function may contribute to the heightened microvascular vasoconstriction that characterizes pulmonary hypertension.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Animals
- Chronic Disease
- Focal Adhesions/genetics
- Focal Adhesions/metabolism
- Focal Adhesions/pathology
- Gene Deletion
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/genetics
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology
- Hypoxia/genetics
- Hypoxia/metabolism
- Hypoxia/pathology
- Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel beta Subunits/genetics
- Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel beta Subunits/metabolism
- Lung/blood supply
- Lung/metabolism
- Lung/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- Vasoconstriction
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Barnes
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - Lori Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - Shayna L Barnes
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - Robert Brenner
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center , San Antonio, Texas
| | - Cristina M Alvira
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - David N Cornfield
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
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30
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Shen J, Cao B, Wang Y, Ma C, Zeng Z, Liu L, Li X, Tao D, Gong J, Xie D. Hippo component YAP promotes focal adhesion and tumour aggressiveness via transcriptionally activating THBS1/FAK signalling in breast cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2018; 37:175. [PMID: 30055645 PMCID: PMC6064138 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0850-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Focal adhesion plays an essential role in tumour invasiveness and metastasis. Hippo component YAP has been widely reported to be involved in many aspects of tumour biology. However, its role in focal adhesion regulation in breast cancer remains unexplored. METHODS Tissue microarray was used to evaluate YAP expression in clinical breast cancer specimens by immunohistochemical staining. Cell migration and invasion abilities were measured by Transwell assay. A cell adhesion assay was used to measure the ability of cell adhesion to gelatin. The focal adhesion was visualized through immunofluorescence. Phosphorylated FAK and other proteins were detected by Western blot analysis. Gene expression profiling was used to screen differently expressed genes, and gene ontology enrichment was performed using DAVID software. The gene mRNA levels were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. The activity of the THBS1-promoter was evaluated by dual luciferase assay. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was used to verify whether YAP could bind to the THBS1-promoter region. The prediction of potential protein-interaction was performed with the String program. The ChIP sequence data of TEAD was obtained from the ENCODE database and analysed via the ChIP-seek tool. The gene expression dataset (GSE30480) of purified tumour cells from primary breast tumour tissues and metastatic lymph nodes was used in the gene set enrichment analysis. Prognostic analysis of the TCGA dataset was performed by the SurvExpress program. Gene expression correlation of the TCGA dataset was analysed via R2: Genomics Analysis and Visualization Platform. RESULTS Our study provides evidence that YAP acts as a promoter of focal adhesion and tumour invasiveness via regulating FAK phosphorylation in breast cancer. Further experiments reveal that YAP could induce FAK phosphorylation through a TEAD-dependent manner. Using gene expression profiling and bioinformatics analysis, we identify the FAK upstream gene, thrombospondin 1, as a direct transcriptional target of YAP-TEAD. Silencing THBS1 could reverse the YAP-induced FAK activation and focal adhesion. CONCLUSION Our results unveil a new signal axis, YAP/THBS1/FAK, in the modulation of cell adhesion and invasiveness, and provides new insights into the crosstalk between Hippo signalling and focal adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- Molecular Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Av., Wuhan, Hubei 430030 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Av., Wuhan, Hubei 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Beibei Cao
- Molecular Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Av., Wuhan, Hubei 430030 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Av., Wuhan, Hubei 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yatao Wang
- Molecular Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Av., Wuhan, Hubei 430030 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Av., Wuhan, Hubei 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenshen Ma
- Molecular Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Av., Wuhan, Hubei 430030 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Av., Wuhan, Hubei 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Zeng
- Molecular Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Av., Wuhan, Hubei 430030 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Av., Wuhan, Hubei 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Liu
- Molecular Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Av., Wuhan, Hubei 430030 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Av., Wuhan, Hubei 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolan Li
- Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Av., Wuhan, Hubei 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Deding Tao
- Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Av., Wuhan, Hubei 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianping Gong
- Molecular Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Av., Wuhan, Hubei 430030 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Av., Wuhan, Hubei 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Daxing Xie
- Molecular Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Av., Wuhan, Hubei 430030 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Av., Wuhan, Hubei 430030 People’s Republic of China
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Lee KH, Hwang JA, Kim SO, Kim JH, Shin SC, Kim EE, Lee KS, Rhee K, Jeon BH, Bang JK, Cha-Molstad H, Soung NK, Jang JH, Ko SK, Lee HG, Ahn JS, Kwon YT, Kim BY. Phosphorylation of human enhancer filamentation 1 (HEF1) stimulates interaction with Polo-like kinase 1 leading to HEF1 localization to focal adhesions. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:847-862. [PMID: 29191835 PMCID: PMC5777258 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.802587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated expression of human enhancer filamentation 1 (HEF1; also known as NEDD9 or Cas-L) is an essential stimulus for the metastatic process of various solid tumors. This process requires HEF1 localization to focal adhesions (FAs). Although the association of HEF1 with FAs is considered to play a role in cancer cell migration, the mechanism targeting HEF1 to FAs remains unclear. Moreover, up-regulation of Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) positively correlates with human cancer metastasis, yet how Plk1 deregulation promotes metastasis remains elusive. Here, we report that casein kinase 1δ (CK1δ) phosphorylates HEF1 at Ser-780 and Thr-804 and that these phosphorylation events promote a physical interaction between Plk1 and HEF1. We found that this interaction is critical for HEF1 translocation to FAs and for inducing migration of HeLa cells. Plk1-docking phosphoepitopes were mapped/confirmed in HEF1 by various methods, including X-ray crystallography, and mutated for functional analysis in HeLa cells. In summary, our results reveal the role of a phosphorylation-dependent HEF1-Plk1 complex in HEF1 translocation to FAs to induce cell migration. Our findings provide critical mechanistic insights into the HEF1-Plk1 complex-dependent localization of HEF1 to FAs underlying the metastatic process and may therefore contribute to the development of new cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Ho Lee
- From the World Class Institute, Anticancer Agent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang, Cheongwon, Chungbuk 28116, Korea,
| | - Jeong-Ah Hwang
- From the World Class Institute, Anticancer Agent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang, Cheongwon, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
- the Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Sun-Ok Kim
- From the World Class Institute, Anticancer Agent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang, Cheongwon, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Jung Hee Kim
- the Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Sang Chul Shin
- the Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Eunice EunKyeong Kim
- the Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Kyung S Lee
- the Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Kunsoo Rhee
- the Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Byeong Hwa Jeon
- the Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Jeong Kyu Bang
- the Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang 28119, Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Cha-Molstad
- From the World Class Institute, Anticancer Agent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang, Cheongwon, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Nak-Kyun Soung
- From the World Class Institute, Anticancer Agent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang, Cheongwon, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuk Jang
- From the World Class Institute, Anticancer Agent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang, Cheongwon, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Sung-Kyun Ko
- From the World Class Institute, Anticancer Agent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang, Cheongwon, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Hee Gu Lee
- the Genome Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea, and
| | - Jong Seog Ahn
- From the World Class Institute, Anticancer Agent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang, Cheongwon, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Yong Tae Kwon
- the Protein Metabolism Medical Research Center and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Bo Yeon Kim
- From the World Class Institute, Anticancer Agent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang, Cheongwon, Chungbuk 28116, Korea,
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Pekow J, Hutchison AL, Meckel K, Harrington K, Deng Z, Talasila N, Rubin DT, Hanauer SB, Hurst R, Umanskiy K, Fichera A, Hart J, Dinner AR, Bissonnette M. miR-4728-3p Functions as a Tumor Suppressor in Ulcerative Colitis-associated Colorectal Neoplasia Through Regulation of Focal Adhesion Signaling. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2017; 23:1328-1337. [PMID: 28594651 PMCID: PMC5535754 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000001104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As mechanisms of neoplasia in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) remain poorly understood, we sought to identify pathways of carcinogenesis in this high-risk population. METHODS MicroRNA (miRNA) and mRNA expression was examined in nondysplastic rectosigmoid mucosa from UC patients with (n = 19) or without remote colon neoplasia (n = 23). We developed a method to identify miRNA-regulated pathways based on differentially expressed miRNAs and their putative mRNAs targets in the same samples. One key pathway identified in the analysis, miR-4728-3p regulation of focal adhesion signaling was further evaluated in vitro and through examination of expression in UC-cancers. RESULTS There were 101 significantly up-regulated and 98 down-regulated miRNAs (adjusted P < 0.05) in the rectal mucosa of UC patients harboring proximal neoplasia. Bioinformatic analysis identified miR-4728-3p as a regulator of 3 proteins involved in focal adhesion signaling, CAV1, THBS2, and COL1A2. Real-time PCR validated down-regulation of miR-4728-3p in nondysplastic tissue remote from UC-neoplasia and in UC-associated colon cancers. miR-4728-3p transfection into colon cancer cells down-regulated expression levels and decreased luciferase activities in cells expressing a wild type 3' untranslated region compared with a mutant 3' untranslated region for all 3 genes. Exogenous transfected miR-4728-3p also delayed wound healing and decreased formation of focal adhesion complexes. CONCLUSIONS Patients with long-standing UC who harbor neoplasia can be identified based on miRNA and mRNA profiles in nondysplastic tissue. Using a method to analyze miRNA and mRNA expression from the same tissues, we identified that miR-4728-3p is likely an important tumor suppressor in UC-associated colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Pekow
- University of Chicago, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Katherine Meckel
- University of Chicago, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kymberly Harrington
- University of Chicago, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zifeng Deng
- University of Chicago, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nitya Talasila
- University of Chicago, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David T. Rubin
- University of Chicago, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Roger Hurst
- University of Chicago, Department of Surgery
| | | | | | - John Hart
- University of Chicago Department of Pathology
| | - Aaron R. Dinner
- University of Chicago, Department of Chemistry, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Marc Bissonnette
- University of Chicago, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chicago, IL, USA
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Taneja N, Fenix AM, Rathbun L, Millis BA, Tyska MJ, Hehnly H, Burnette DT. Focal adhesions control cleavage furrow shape and spindle tilt during mitosis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29846. [PMID: 27432211 PMCID: PMC4949487 DOI: 10.1038/srep29846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The geometry of the cleavage furrow during mitosis is often asymmetric in vivo and plays a critical role in stem cell differentiation and the relative positioning of daughter cells during development. Early observations of adhesive cell lines revealed asymmetry in the shape of the cleavage furrow, where the bottom (i.e., substrate attached side) of the cleavage furrow ingressed less than the top (i.e., unattached side). This data suggested substrate attachment could be regulating furrow ingression. Here we report a population of mitotic focal adhesions (FAs) controls the symmetry of the cleavage furrow. In single HeLa cells, stronger adhesion to the substrate directed less ingression from the bottom of the cell through a pathway including paxillin, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and vinculin. Cell-cell contacts also direct ingression of the cleavage furrow in coordination with FAs in epithelial cells-MDCK-within monolayers and polarized cysts. In addition, mitotic FAs established 3D orientation of the mitotic spindle and the relative positioning of mother and daughter centrosomes. Therefore, our data reveals mitotic FAs as a key link between mitotic cell shape and spindle orientation, and may have important implications in our understanding stem cell homeostasis and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Taneja
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Aidan M. Fenix
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Lindsay Rathbun
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Bryan A. Millis
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Matthew J. Tyska
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Heidi Hehnly
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Dylan T. Burnette
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Sun T, Li W, Li T, Ling S. microRNA Profiling of Amniotic Fluid: Evidence of Synergy of microRNAs in Fetal Development. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153950. [PMID: 27166676 PMCID: PMC4864075 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Amniotic fluid (AF) continuously exchanges molecules with the fetus, playing critical roles in fetal development especially via its complex components. Among these components, microRNAs are thought to be transferred between cells loaded in microvesicles. However, the functions of AF microRNAs remain unknown. To date, few studies have examined microRNAs in amniotic fluid. In this study, we employed miRCURY Locked Nucleotide Acid arrays to profile the dynamic expression of microRNAs in AF from mice on embryonic days E13, E15, and E17. At these times, 233 microRNAs were differentially expressed (p< 0.01), accounting for 23% of the total Mus musculus microRNAs. These differentially-expressed microRNAs were divided into two distinct groups based on their expression patterns. Gene ontology analysis showed that the intersectional target genes of these differentially-expressed microRNAs were mainly distributed in synapse, synaptosome, cell projection, and cytoskeleton. Pathway analysis revealed that the target genes of the two groups of microRNAs were synergistically enriched in axon guidance, focal adhesion, and MAPK signaling pathways. MicroRNA-mRNA network analysis and gene- mapping showed that these microRNAs synergistically regulated cell motility, cell proliferation and differentiation, and especially the axon guidance process. Cancer pathways associated with growth and proliferation were also enriched in AF. Taken together, the results of this study are the first to show the functions of microRNAs in AF during fetal development, providing novel insights into interpreting the roles of AF microRNAs in fetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience and Anatomy, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Weiyun Li
- Institute of Neuroscience and Anatomy, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tianpeng Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Shucai Ling
- Institute of Neuroscience and Anatomy, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- * E-mail:
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Janssens V, Zwaenepoel K, Rossé C, Petit MMR, Goris J, Parker PJ. PP2A binds to the LIM domains of lipoma-preferred partner through its PR130/B″ subunit to regulate cell adhesion and migration. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:1605-18. [PMID: 26945059 PMCID: PMC5333791 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.175778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we identify the LIM protein lipoma-preferred partner (LPP) as a binding partner of a specific protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) heterotrimer that is characterised by the regulatory PR130/B″α1 subunit (encoded by PPP2R3A). The PR130 subunit interacts with the LIM domains of LPP through a conserved Zn²⁺-finger-like motif in the differentially spliced N-terminus of PR130. Isolated LPP-associated PP2A complexes are catalytically active. PR130 colocalises with LPP at multiple locations within cells, including focal contacts, but is specifically excluded from mature focal adhesions, where LPP is still present. An LPP-PR130 fusion protein only localises to focal adhesions upon deletion of the domain of PR130 that binds to the PP2A catalytic subunit (PP2A/C), suggesting that PR130-LPP complex formation is dynamic and that permanent recruitment of PP2A activity might be unfavourable for focal adhesion maturation. Accordingly, siRNA-mediated knockdown of PR130 increases adhesion of HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells onto collagen I and decreases their migration in scratch wound and Transwell assays. Complex formation with LPP is mandatory for these PR130-PP2A functions, as neither phenotype can be rescued by re-expression of a PR130 mutant that no longer binds to LPP. Our data highlight the importance of specific, locally recruited PP2A complexes in cell adhesion and migration dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerle Janssens
- Francis Crick Institute, Protein Phosphorylation Laboratory, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, UK Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 PO-box 901, Leuven B-3000, Belgium
| | - Karen Zwaenepoel
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 PO-box 901, Leuven B-3000, Belgium
| | - Carine Rossé
- Francis Crick Institute, Protein Phosphorylation Laboratory, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, UK Research Centre, Institut Curie, Paris 75005, France
| | - Marleen M R Petit
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Dept. of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 PO-box 602, Leuven B-3000, Belgium
| | - Jozef Goris
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 PO-box 901, Leuven B-3000, Belgium
| | - Peter J Parker
- Francis Crick Institute, Protein Phosphorylation Laboratory, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, UK Division of Cancer Studies King's College London, Guy's Hospital Campus, Thomas Street, London SE1 9RT, UK
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Wang K, Bruce A, Mezan R, Kadiyala A, Wang L, Dawson J, Rojanasakul Y, Yang Y. Nanotopographical Modulation of Cell Function through Nuclear Deformation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:5082-92. [PMID: 26844365 PMCID: PMC4804753 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b10531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Although nanotopography has been shown to be a potent modulator of cell behavior, it is unclear how the nanotopographical cue, through focal adhesions, affects the nucleus, eventually influencing cell phenotype and function. Thus, current methods to apply nanotopography to regulate cell behavior are basically empirical. We, herein, engineered nanotopographies of various shapes (gratings and pillars) and dimensions (feature size, spacing and height), and thoroughly investigated cell spreading, focal adhesion organization and nuclear deformation of human primary fibroblasts as the model cell grown on the nanotopographies. We examined the correlation between nuclear deformation and cell functions such as cell proliferation, transfection and extracellular matrix protein type I collagen production. It was found that the nanoscale gratings and pillars could facilitate focal adhesion elongation by providing anchoring sites, and the nanogratings could orient focal adhesions and nuclei along the nanograting direction, depending on not only the feature size but also the spacing of the nanogratings. Compared with continuous nanogratings, discrete nanopillars tended to disrupt the formation and growth of focal adhesions and thus had less profound effects on nuclear deformation. Notably, nuclear volume could be effectively modulated by the height of nanotopography. Further, we demonstrated that cell proliferation, transfection, and type I collagen production were strongly associated with the nuclear volume, indicating that the nucleus serves as a critical mechanosensor for cell regulation. Our study delineated the relationships between focal adhesions, nucleus and cell function and highlighted that the nanotopography could regulate cell phenotype and function by modulating nuclear deformation. This study provides insight into the rational design of nanotopography for new biomaterials and the cell-substrate interfaces of implants and medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Allison Bruce
- Department of Chemical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Ryan Mezan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Anand Kadiyala
- Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Liying Wang
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
| | - Jeremy Dawson
- Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Yon Rojanasakul
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
- Corresponding Author Y. Yang.
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Horton ER, Humphries JD, Stutchbury B, Jacquemet G, Ballestrem C, Barry ST, Humphries MJ. Modulation of FAK and Src adhesion signaling occurs independently of adhesion complex composition. J Cell Biol 2016; 212:349-64. [PMID: 26833789 PMCID: PMC4739608 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201508080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin adhesion complexes (IACs) form mechanochemical connections between the extracellular matrix and actin cytoskeleton and mediate phenotypic responses via posttranslational modifications. Here, we investigate the modularity and robustness of the IAC network to pharmacological perturbation of the key IAC signaling components focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Src. FAK inhibition using AZ13256675 blocked FAK(Y397) phosphorylation but did not alter IAC composition, as reported by mass spectrometry. IAC composition was also insensitive to Src inhibition using AZD0530 alone or in combination with FAK inhibition. In contrast, kinase inhibition substantially reduced phosphorylation within IACs, cell migration and proliferation. Furthermore using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, we found that FAK inhibition increased the exchange rate of a phosphotyrosine (pY) reporter (dSH2) at IACs. These data demonstrate that kinase-dependent signal propagation through IACs is independent of gross changes in IAC composition. Together, these findings demonstrate a general separation between the composition of IACs and their ability to relay pY-dependent signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward R Horton
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, England, UK
| | - Jonathan D Humphries
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, England, UK
| | - Ben Stutchbury
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, England, UK
| | - Guillaume Jacquemet
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, England, UK
| | - Christoph Ballestrem
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, England, UK
| | - Simon T Barry
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Cheshire SK10 4TG, England, UK
| | - Martin J Humphries
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, England, UK
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Carbajo D, Magi S, Itoh M, Kawaji H, Lassmann T, Arner E, Forrest ARR, Carninci P, Hayashizaki Y, Daub CO, Okada-Hatakeyama M, Mar JC. Application of Gene Expression Trajectories Initiated from ErbB Receptor Activation Highlights the Dynamics of Divergent Promoter Usage. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144176. [PMID: 26658111 PMCID: PMC4682858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding how cells use complex transcriptional programs to alter their fate in response to specific stimuli is an important question in biology. For the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line, we applied gene expression trajectory models to identify the genes involved in driving cell fate transitions. We modified trajectory models to account for the scenario where cells were exposed to different stimuli, in this case epidermal growth factor and heregulin, to arrive at different cell fates, i.e. proliferation and differentiation respectively. Using genome-wide CAGE time series data collected from the FANTOM5 consortium, we identified the sets of promoters that were involved in the transition of MCF-7 cells to their specific fates versus those with expression changes that were generic to both stimuli. Of the 1,552 promoters identified, 1,091 had stimulus-specific expression while 461 promoters had generic expression profiles over the time course surveyed. Many of these stimulus-specific promoters mapped to key regulators of the ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinases) signaling pathway such as FHL2 (four and a half LIM domains 2). We observed that in general, generic promoters peaked in their expression early on in the time course, while stimulus-specific promoters tended to show activation of their expression at a later stage. The genes that mapped to stimulus-specific promoters were enriched for pathways that control focal adhesion, p53 signaling and MAPK signaling while generic promoters were enriched for cell death, transcription and the cell cycle. We identified 162 genes that were controlled by an alternative promoter during the time course where a subset of 37 genes had separate promoters that were classified as stimulus-specific and generic. The results of our study highlighted the degree of complexity involved in regulating a cell fate transition where multiple promoters mapping to the same gene can demonstrate quite divergent expression profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Carbajo
- Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Shigeyuki Magi
- Laboratory for Integrated Cellular Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Itoh
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies (Division of Genomic Technologies), Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- RIKEN Omics Science Center, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- RIKEN Preventive Medicine and Diagnosis Innovation Program, Wako-shi, Japan
| | - Hideya Kawaji
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies (Division of Genomic Technologies), Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- RIKEN Omics Science Center, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- RIKEN Preventive Medicine and Diagnosis Innovation Program, Wako-shi, Japan
| | - Timo Lassmann
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies (Division of Genomic Technologies), Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- RIKEN Omics Science Center, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Erik Arner
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies (Division of Genomic Technologies), Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- RIKEN Omics Science Center, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Metabolism and Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alistair R. R. Forrest
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies (Division of Genomic Technologies), Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- RIKEN Omics Science Center, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Piero Carninci
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies (Division of Genomic Technologies), Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- RIKEN Omics Science Center, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Hayashizaki
- RIKEN Omics Science Center, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- RIKEN Preventive Medicine and Diagnosis Innovation Program, Wako-shi, Japan
| | - Carsten O. Daub
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies (Division of Genomic Technologies), Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- RIKEN Omics Science Center, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition and Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Mariko Okada-Hatakeyama
- Laboratory for Integrated Cellular Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- * E-mail: (MO); (JCM)
| | - Jessica C. Mar
- Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MO); (JCM)
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Marášek P, Dzijak R, Studenyak I, Fišerová J, Uličná L, Novák P, Hozák P. Paxillin-dependent regulation of IGF2 and H19 gene cluster expression. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:3106-16. [PMID: 26116569 PMCID: PMC4541046 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.170985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Paxillin (PXN) is a focal adhesion protein that has been implicated in signal transduction from the extracellular matrix. Recently, it has been shown to shuttle between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. When inside the nucleus, paxillin promotes cell proliferation. Here, we introduce paxillin as a transcriptional regulator of IGF2 and H19 genes. It does not affect the allelic expression of the two genes; rather, it regulates long-range chromosomal interactions between the IGF2 or H19 promoter and a shared distal enhancer on an active allele. Specifically, paxillin stimulates the interaction between the enhancer and the IGF2 promoter, thus activating IGF2 gene transcription, whereas it restrains the interaction between the enhancer and the H19 promoter, downregulating the H19 gene. We found that paxillin interacts with cohesin and the mediator complex, which have been shown to mediate long-range chromosomal looping. We propose that these interactions occur at the IGF2 and H19 gene cluster and are involved in the formation of loops between the IGF2 and H19 promoters and the enhancer, and thus the expression of the corresponding genes. These observations contribute to a mechanistic explanation of the role of paxillin in proliferation and fetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Marášek
- Department of Biology of the Cell Nucleus, Institute of Molecular Genetics AS CR, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Rastislav Dzijak
- Department of Biology of the Cell Nucleus, Institute of Molecular Genetics AS CR, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics AS CR, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Irina Studenyak
- Department of Biology of the Cell Nucleus, Institute of Molecular Genetics AS CR, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřiška Fišerová
- Department of Biology of the Cell Nucleus, Institute of Molecular Genetics AS CR, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Lívia Uličná
- Department of Biology of the Cell Nucleus, Institute of Molecular Genetics AS CR, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Novák
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Cell Signaling, Institute of Microbiology AS CR, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hozák
- Department of Biology of the Cell Nucleus, Institute of Molecular Genetics AS CR, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
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Cáceres M, Ortiz L, Recabarren T, Romero A, Colombo A, Leiva-Salcedo E, Varela D, Rivas J, Silva I, Morales D, Campusano C, Almarza O, Simon F, Toledo H, Park KS, Trimmer JS, Cerda O. TRPM4 Is a Novel Component of the Adhesome Required for Focal Adhesion Disassembly, Migration and Contractility. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130540. [PMID: 26110647 PMCID: PMC4482413 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular migration and contractility are fundamental processes that are regulated by a variety of concerted mechanisms such as cytoskeleton rearrangements, focal adhesion turnover, and Ca2+ oscillations. TRPM4 is a Ca2+-activated non-selective cationic channel (Ca2+-NSCC) that conducts monovalent but not divalent cations. Here, we used a mass spectrometry-based proteomics approach to identify putative TRPM4-associated proteins. Interestingly, the largest group of these proteins has actin cytoskeleton-related functions, and among these nine are specifically annotated as focal adhesion-related proteins. Consistent with these results, we found that TRPM4 localizes to focal adhesions in cells from different cellular lineages. We show that suppression of TRPM4 in MEFs impacts turnover of focal adhesions, serum-induced Ca2+ influx, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Rac activities, and results in reduced cellular spreading, migration and contractile behavior. Finally, we demonstrate that the inhibition of TRPM4 activity alters cellular contractility in vivo, affecting cutaneous wound healing. Together, these findings provide the first evidence, to our knowledge, for a TRP channel specifically localized to focal adhesions, where it performs a central role in modulating cellular migration and contractility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Cáceres
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Liliana Ortiz
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tatiana Recabarren
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Anatomía y Biología del Desarrollo, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Anibal Romero
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alicia Colombo
- Programa de Anatomía y Biología del Desarrollo, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Elías Leiva-Salcedo
- Section on Cellular Signaling, Program in Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Diego Varela
- Programa de Fisiopatología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Rivas
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ian Silva
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Morales
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camilo Campusano
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Oscar Almarza
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hector Toledo
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Kang-Sik Park
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - James S. Trimmer
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Oscar Cerda
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Hecht FM, Rheinlaender J, Schierbaum N, Goldmann WH, Fabry B, Schäffer TE. Imaging viscoelastic properties of live cells by AFM: power-law rheology on the nanoscale. Soft Matter 2015; 11:4584-4591. [PMID: 25891371 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm02718c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We developed force clamp force mapping (FCFM), an atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique for measuring the viscoelastic creep behavior of live cells with sub-micrometer spatial resolution. FCFM combines force-distance curves with an added force clamp phase during tip-sample contact. From the creep behavior measured during the force clamp phase, quantitative viscoelastic sample properties are extracted. We validate FCFM on soft polyacrylamide gels. We find that the creep behavior of living cells conforms to a power-law material model. By recording short (50-60 ms) force clamp measurements in rapid succession, we generate, for the first time, two-dimensional maps of power-law exponent and modulus scaling parameter. Although these maps reveal large spatial variations of both parameters across the cell surface, we obtain robust mean values from the several hundreds of measurements performed on each cell. Measurements on mouse embryonic fibroblasts show that the mean power-law exponents and the mean modulus scaling parameters differ greatly among individual cells, but both parameters are highly correlated: stiffer cells consistently show a smaller power-law exponent. This correlation allows us to distinguish between wild-type cells and cells that lack vinculin, a dominant protein of the focal adhesion complex, even though the mean values of viscoelastic properties between wildtype and knockout cells did not differ significantly. Therefore, FCFM spatially resolves viscoelastic sample properties and can uncover subtle mechanical signatures of proteins in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian M Hecht
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Johannes Rheinlaender
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Nicolas Schierbaum
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang H Goldmann
- Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Henkestraße 91, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ben Fabry
- Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Henkestraße 91, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tilman E Schäffer
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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Moy I, Todorović V, Dubash AD, Coon JS, Parker JB, Buranapramest M, Huang CC, Zhao H, Green KJ, Bulun SE. Estrogen-dependent sushi domain containing 3 regulates cytoskeleton organization and migration in breast cancer cells. Oncogene 2015; 34:323-33. [PMID: 24413080 PMCID: PMC4096609 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are the standard endocrine therapy for postmenopausal breast cancer; however, currently used biomarkers, such as, estrogen receptor-alpha/progesterone receptor (ERα/PR), predict only slightly more than half of the potential responders to AI treatment. To identify novel markers of AI responsiveness, a genome-wide microarray analysis was performed using primary breast tumor samples from 50 postmenopausal women who later developed metastatic breast cancer. Sushi domain containing 3 (SUSD3) is a significantly differentially expressed gene, with 3.38-fold higher mRNA levels in AI-responsive breast tumors vs non-responders (P<0.001). SUSD3 was highly expressed in ERα-positive breast tumors and treatment with estradiol increased SUSD3 expression in ERα-positive breast cancer cells. Treatment with an antiestrogen or ERα knockdown abolished basal and estradiol-dependent SUSD3 expression. Recruitment of ERα upstream of the transcription start site of SUSD3 was demonstrated by chromatin immunoprecipitation-PCR. Flow cytometric analysis of SUSD3-knockdown cells revealed blunted estradiol effects on progression into S and M phases. SUSD3 was localized to the plasma membrane of breast cancer cells. SUSD3 knockdown decreased the appearance of actin-rich protrusions, stress fibers and large basal focal adhesions, while increasing the presence of cortical actin concomitant with a decrease in Rho and focal adhesion kinase activity. SUSD3-deficient cells demonstrated diminished cell spreading, cell-cell adhesion and motility. In conclusion, SUSD3 is a novel promoter of estrogen-dependent cell proliferation and regulator of cell-cell and cell-substrate interactions and migration in breast cancer. It may serve as a novel predictor of response to endocrine therapy and potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Moy
- Division of Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - V Todorović
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A D Dubash
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J S Coon
- Division of Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J B Parker
- Division of Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M Buranapramest
- Division of Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - C C Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - H Zhao
- Division of Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - K J Green
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S E Bulun
- Division of Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Liang Q, Han Q, Huang W, Nan G, Xu BQ, Jiang JL, Chen ZN. HAb18G/CD147 regulates vinculin-mediated focal adhesion and cytoskeleton organization in cultured human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102496. [PMID: 25033086 PMCID: PMC4102505 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesions (FAs), integrin-mediated macromolecular complexes located at the cell membrane extracellular interface, have been shown to regulate cell adhesion and migration. Our previous studies have indicated that HAb18G/CD147 (CD147) is involved in cytoskeleton reorganization and FA formation in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. However, the precise mechanisms underlying these processes remain unclear. In the current study, we determined that CD147 was involved in vinculin-mediated FA focal adhesion formation in HCC cells. We also found that deletion of CD147 led to reduced vinculin-mediated FA areas (P<0.0001), length/width ratios (P<0.0001), and mean intensities (P<0.0001). CD147 promoted lamellipodia formation by localizing Arp2/3 to the leading edge of the cell. Deletion of CD147 significantly reduced the fluorescence (t1/2) recovery times (22.7±3.3 s) of vinculin-mediated focal adhesions (P<0.0001). In cell-spreading assays, CD147 was found to be essential for dynamic focal adhesion enlargement and disassembly. Furthermore, the current data showed that CD147 reduced tyrosine phosphorylation in vinculin-mediated focal adhesions, and enhanced the accumulation of the acidic phospholipid phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-bisphosphate (PIP2). Together, these results revealed that CD147 is involved in vinculin-mediated focal adhesion formation, which subsequently promotes cytoskeleton reorganization to facilitate invasion and migration of human HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liang
- Cell Engineering Research Centre and Department of Cell Biology, State Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qing Han
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’ an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wan Huang
- Cell Engineering Research Centre and Department of Cell Biology, State Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gang Nan
- Cell Engineering Research Centre and Department of Cell Biology, State Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bao-Qing Xu
- Cell Engineering Research Centre and Department of Cell Biology, State Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jian-Li Jiang
- Cell Engineering Research Centre and Department of Cell Biology, State Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (JLJ); (ZNC)
| | - Zhi-Nan Chen
- Cell Engineering Research Centre and Department of Cell Biology, State Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (JLJ); (ZNC)
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Granato DC, Zanetti MR, Kawahara R, Yokoo S, Domingues RR, Aragão AZ, Agostini M, Carazzolle MF, Vidal RO, Flores IL, Korvala J, Cervigne NK, Silva ARS, Coletta RD, Graner E, Sherman NE, Leme AFP. Integrated proteomics identified up-regulated focal adhesion-mediated proteins in human squamous cell carcinoma in an orthotopic murine model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98208. [PMID: 24858105 PMCID: PMC4032327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular mechanisms of oral carcinogenesis will yield important advances in diagnostics, prognostics, effective treatment, and outcome of oral cancer. Hence, in this study we have investigated the proteomic and peptidomic profiles by combining an orthotopic murine model of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), mass spectrometry-based proteomics and biological network analysis. Our results indicated the up-regulation of proteins involved in actin cytoskeleton organization and cell-cell junction assembly events and their expression was validated in human OSCC tissues. In addition, the functional relevance of talin-1 in OSCC adhesion, migration and invasion was demonstrated. Taken together, this study identified specific processes deregulated in oral cancer and provided novel refined OSCC-targeting molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela C. Granato
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massas, Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Mariana R. Zanetti
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massas, Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Kawahara
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massas, Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sami Yokoo
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massas, Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Romênia R. Domingues
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massas, Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Annelize Z. Aragão
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massas, Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Michelle Agostini
- Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, Brazil
- Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo F. Carazzolle
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massas, Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ramon O. Vidal
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massas, Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Isadora L. Flores
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massas, Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
- Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | - Nilva K. Cervigne
- Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Alan R. S. Silva
- Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Ricardo D. Coletta
- Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Edgard Graner
- Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Nicholas E. Sherman
- W. M. Keck Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Lab. University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Adriana F. Paes Leme
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massas, Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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45
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Zhao M, Austin ED, Hemnes AR, Loyd JE, Zhao Z. An evidence-based knowledgebase of pulmonary arterial hypertension to identify genes and pathways relevant to pathogenesis. Mol Biosyst 2014; 10:732-40. [PMID: 24448676 PMCID: PMC3950334 DOI: 10.1039/c3mb70496c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a major progressive form of pulmonary hypertension (PH) with more than 4800 patients in the United States. In the last two decades, many studies have identified numerous genes associated with this disease. However, there is no comprehensive research resource for PAH or other PH types that integrates various genetic studies and their related biological information. Thus, the number of associated genes, and their strength of evidence, is unclear. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that a web-based knowledgebase could be used to develop a biological map of highly interrelated, functionally important genes in PAH. We developed the pulmonary arterial hypertension knowledgebase (PAHKB, ), a comprehensive database with a user-friendly web interface. PAHKB extracts genetic data from all available sources, including those from association studies, genetic mutation, gene expression, animal model, supporting literature, various genomic annotations, gene networks, cellular and regulatory pathways, as well as microRNAs. Moreover, PAHKB provides online tools for data browsing and searching, data integration, pathway graphical presentation, and gene ranking. In the current release, PAHKB contains 341 human PH-related genes (293 protein coding and 48 non-coding genes) curated from over 1000 PubMed abstracts. Based on the top 39 ranked PAH-related genes in PAHKB, we constructed a core biological map. This core map was enriched with the TGF-beta signaling pathway, focal adhesion, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and MAPK signaling. In addition, the reconstructed map elucidates several novel cancer signaling pathways, which may provide clues to support the application of anti-cancer therapeutics to PAH. In summary, we have developed a system for the identification of core PH-related genes and identified critical signaling pathways that may be relevant to PAH pathogenesis. This system can be easily applied to other pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
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46
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Ihermann-Hella A, Lume M, Miinalainen IJ, Pirttiniemi A, Gui Y, Peränen J, Charron J, Saarma M, Costantini F, Kuure S. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway regulates branching by remodeling epithelial cell adhesion. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004193. [PMID: 24603431 PMCID: PMC3945187 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the growth factor (GF) signaling guiding renal branching is well characterized, the intracellular cascades mediating GF functions are poorly understood. We studied mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway specifically in the branching epithelia of developing kidney by genetically abrogating the pathway activity in mice lacking simultaneously dual-specificity protein kinases Mek1 and Mek2. Our data show that MAPK pathway is heterogeneously activated in the subset of G1- and S-phase epithelial cells, and its tissue-specific deletion results in severe renal hypodysplasia. Consequently to the deletion of Mek1/2, the activation of ERK1/2 in the epithelium is lost and normal branching pattern in mutant kidneys is substituted with elongation-only phenotype, in which the epithelium is largely unable to form novel branches and complex three-dimensional patterns, but able to grow without primary defects in mitosis. Cellular characterization of double mutant epithelium showed increased E-cadherin at the cell surfaces with its particular accumulation at baso-lateral locations. This indicates changes in cellular adhesion, which were revealed by electron microscopic analysis demonstrating intercellular gaps and increased extracellular space in double mutant epithelium. When challenged to form monolayer cultures, the mutant epithelial cells were impaired in spreading and displayed strong focal adhesions in addition to spiky E-cadherin. Inhibition of MAPK activity reduced paxillin phosphorylation on serine 83 while remnants of phospho-paxillin, together with another focal adhesion (FA) protein vinculin, were augmented at cell surface contacts. We show that MAPK activity is required for branching morphogenesis, and propose that it promotes cell cycle progression and higher cellular motility through remodeling of cellular adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Lume
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Yujuan Gui
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johan Peränen
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jean Charron
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de l'Université Laval, CRCHUQ, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Mart Saarma
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Frank Costantini
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Satu Kuure
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- * E-mail:
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Czarnowski A, Papp S, Szaraz P, Opas M. Calreticulin affects cell adhesiveness through differential phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2014; 19:77-97. [PMID: 24470116 PMCID: PMC6275655 DOI: 10.2478/s11658-014-0181-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular adhesion to the underlying substratum is regulated through numerous signaling pathways. It has been suggested that insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) is involved in some of these pathways, via association with and activation of transmembrane integrins. Calreticulin, as an important endoplasmic reticulum-resident, calcium-binding protein with a chaperone function, plays an obvious role in proteomic expression. Our previous work showed that calreticulin mediates cell adhesion not only by affecting protein expression but also by affecting the state of regulatory protein phosphorylation, such as that of c-src. Here, we demonstrate that calreticulin affects the abundance of IRS-1 such that the absence of calreticulin is paralleled by a decrease in IRS-1 levels and the unregulated overexpression of calreticulin is accompanied by an increase in IRS-1 levels. These changes in the abundance of calreticulin and IRS-1 are accompanied by changes in cell-substratum adhesiveness and phosphorylation, such that increases in the expression of calreticulin and IRS-1 are paralleled by an increase in focal contact-based cell-substratum adhesiveness, and a decrease in the expression of these proteins brings about a decrease in cell-substratum adhesiveness. Wild type and calreticulin-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were cultured and the IRS-1 isoform profile was assessed. Differences in morphology and motility were also quantified. While no substantial differences in the speed of locomotion were found, the directionality of cell movement was greatly promoted by the presence of calreticulin. Calreticulin expression was also found to have a dramatic effect on the phosphorylation state of serine 636 of IRS-1, such that phosphorylation of IRS-1 on serine 636 increased radically in the absence of calreticulin. Most importantly, treatment of cells with the RhoA/ROCK inhibitor, Y-27632, which among its many effects also inhibited serine 636 phosphorylation of IRS-1, had profound effects on cell-substratum adhesion, in that it suppressed focal contacts, induced extensive close contacts, and increased the strength of adhesion. The latter effect, while counterintuitive, can be explained by the close contacts comprising labile bonds but in large numbers. In addition, the lability of bonds in close contacts would permit fast locomotion. An interesting and novel finding is that Y-27632 treatment of MEFs releases them from contact inhibition of locomotion, as evidenced by the invasion of a cell's underside by the thin lamellae and filopodia of a cell in close apposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Czarnowski
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Sylvia Papp
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Peter Szaraz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Michal Opas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada M5S 1A8
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King’s College Circle, Medical Sciences Building, room 6326, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8 Canada
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48
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Spans L, Helsen C, Clinckemalie L, Van den Broeck T, Prekovic S, Joniau S, Lerut E, Claessens F. Comparative genomic and transcriptomic analyses of LNCaP and C4-2B prostate cancer cell lines. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90002. [PMID: 24587179 PMCID: PMC3938550 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The LNCaP and C4-2B cell lines form an excellent preclinical model to study the development of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, since C4-2B cells were derived from a bone metastasis that grew in nude mice after inoculation with the LNCaP-derived, castration-resistant C4-2 cells. Exome sequencing detected 2188 and 3840 mutations in LNCaP and C4-2B cells, respectively, of which 1784 were found in both cell lines. Surprisingly, the parental LNCaP cells have over 400 mutations that were not found in the C4-2B genome. More than half of the mutations found in the exomes were confirmed by analyzing the RNA-seq data, and we observed that the expressed genes are more prone to mutations than non-expressed genes. The transcriptomes also revealed that 457 genes show increased expression and 246 genes show decreased expression in C4-2B compared to LNCaP cells. By combining the list of C4-2B-specific mutations with the list of differentially expressed genes, we detected important changes in the focal adhesion and ECM-receptor interaction pathways. Integration of these pathways converges on the myosin light chain kinase gene (MLCK) which might contribute to the metastatic potential of C4-2B cells. In conclusion, we provide extensive databases for mutated genes and differentially expressed genes in the LNCaP and C4-2B prostate cancer cell lines. These can be useful for other researchers using these cell models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien Spans
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christine Helsen
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liesbeth Clinckemalie
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Van den Broeck
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Prekovic
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven Joniau
- Urology, Department of Development and Regeneration, University Hospitals Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evelyne Lerut
- Translational Cell & Tissue Research, Department of Imaging and Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frank Claessens
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
The protective antigen component of Bacillus anthracis toxins can interact with at least three distinct proteins on the host cell surface, capillary morphogenesis gene 2 (CMG2), tumor endothelial marker 8, and β1-integrin, and, with the assistance of other host proteins, enters targeted cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis. Using an antisense-based phenotypic screen, we discovered the role of calpains in this process. We show that functions of a ubiquitous Ca(2+)-dependent cysteine protease, calpain-2, and of the calpain substrate talin-1 are exploited for association of anthrax toxin and its principal receptor, CMG2, with higher-order actin filaments and consequently for toxin entry into host cells. Down-regulated expression of calpain-2 or talin-1, or pharmacological interference with calpain action, did not affect toxin binding but reduced endocytosis and increased the survival of cells exposed to anthrax lethal toxin. Adventitious expression of wild-type talin-1 promoted toxin endocytosis and lethality, whereas expression of a talin-1 mutant (L432G) that is insensitive to calpain cleavage did not. Disruption of talin-1, which links integrin-containing focal adhesion complexes to the actin cytoskeleton, facilitated association of toxin bound to its principal cell-surface receptor, CMG2, with higher-order actin filaments undergoing dynamic disassembly and reassembly during endocytosis. Our results reveal a mechanism by which a bacterial toxin uses constitutively occurring calpain-mediated cytoskeletal rearrangement for internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stanley N. Cohen
- Departments of Genetics and
- Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
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50
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Donnelly JM, Chawla A, Houghton J, Zavros Y. Sonic hedgehog mediates the proliferation and recruitment of transformed mesenchymal stem cells to the stomach. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75225. [PMID: 24069395 PMCID: PMC3777931 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies using Helicobacter-infected mice show that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can repopulate the gastric epithelium and promote gastric cancer progression. Within the tumor microenvironment of the stomach, pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma (IFNγ) and Sonic hedgehog (Shh) are elevated. IFNγ is implicated in tumor proliferation via activation of the Shh signaling pathway in various tissues but whether a similar mechanism exists in the stomach is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that IFNγ drives MSC proliferation and recruitment, a response mediated by Shh signaling. The current study uses transplantation of an in vitro transformed mesenchymal stem cell line (stMSCvect), that over-expresses hedgehog signaling, in comparison to non-transformed wild-type MSCs (wtMSCs), wtMSCs transfected to over-express Shh (wtMSCShh), and stMSCs transduced with lentiviral constructs containing shRNA targeting the Shh gene (stMSCShhKO). The effect of IFNγ on MSC proliferation was assessed by cell cycle analysis in vitro using cells treated with recombinant IFNγ (rmIFNγ) alone, or in combination with anti-Shh 5E1 antibody, and in vivo using mice transplanted with MSCs treated with PBS or rmIFNγ. In vitro, IFNγ significantly increased MSC proliferation, a response mediated by Shh that was blocked by 5E1 antibody. The MSC population collected from bone marrow of PBS- or IFNγ-treated mice showed that IFNγ significantly increased the percentage of all MSC cell lines in S phase, with the exception of the stMSCsShhKO cells. While the MSC cell lines with intact Shh expression were recruited to the gastric mucosa in response to IFNγ, stMSCsShhKO were not. Hedgehog signaling is required for MSC proliferation and recruitment to the stomach in response to IFNγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. Donnelly
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ambreesh Chawla
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - JeanMarie Houghton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, and Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yana Zavros
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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