1
|
Sørland KI, Trimble CG, Wu CY, Bathen TF, Elschot M, Cloos MA. Reducing femoral flow artefacts in radial magnetic resonance fingerprinting of the prostate using region-optimised virtual coils. NMR Biomed 2024:e5136. [PMID: 38514929 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
High acceleration factors in radial magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) of the prostate lead to strong streak-like artefacts from flow in the femoral blood vessels, possibly concealing important anatomical information. Region-optimised virtual (ROVir) coils is a beamforming-based framework to create virtual coils that maximise signal in a region of interest while minimising signal in a region of interference. In this study, the potential of removing femoral flow streak artefacts in prostate MRF using ROVir coils is demonstrated in silico and in vivo. The ROVir framework was applied to radial MRF k-space data in an automated pipeline designed to maximise prostate signal while minimising signal from the femoral vessels. The method was tested in 15 asymptomatic volunteers at 3 T. The presence of streaks was visually assessed and measurements of whole prostate T1, T2 and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) with and without streak correction were examined. In addition, a purpose-built simulation framework in which blood flow through the femoral vessels can be turned on and off was used to quantitatively evaluate ROVir's ability to suppress streaks in radial prostate MRF. In vivo it was shown that removing selected ROVir coils visibly reduces streak-like artefacts from the femoral blood flow, without increasing the reconstruction time. On average, 80% of the prostate SNR was retained. A similar reduction of streaks was also observed in silico, while the quantitative accuracy of T1 and T2 mapping was retained. In conclusion, ROVir coils efficiently suppress streaking artefacts from blood flow in radial MRF of the prostate, thereby improving the visual clarity of the images, without significant sacrifices to acquisition time, reconstruction time and accuracy of quantitative values. This is expected to help enable T1 and T2 mapping of prostate cancer in clinically viable times, aiding differentiation between prostate cancer from noncancer and healthy prostate tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaia I Sørland
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Christopher G Trimble
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hostpital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Chia-Yin Wu
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Training Centre for Innovation on Biomedical Imaging Technology (CIBIT), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tone F Bathen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hostpital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Mattijs Elschot
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hostpital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Martijn A Cloos
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Training Centre for Innovation on Biomedical Imaging Technology (CIBIT), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wohlwend M, Laurila PP, Goeminne LJE, Lima T, Daskalaki I, Li X, von Alvensleben G, Crisol B, Mangione R, Gallart-Ayala H, Lalou A, Burri O, Butler S, Morris J, Turner N, Ivanisevic J, Auwerx J. Inhibition of CERS1 in skeletal muscle exacerbates age-related muscle dysfunction. eLife 2024; 12:RP90522. [PMID: 38506902 PMCID: PMC10954306 DOI: 10.7554/elife.90522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-related muscle wasting and dysfunction render the elderly population vulnerable and incapacitated, while underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we implicate the CERS1 enzyme of the de novo sphingolipid synthesis pathway in the pathogenesis of age-related skeletal muscle impairment. In humans, CERS1 abundance declines with aging in skeletal muscle cells and, correlates with biological pathways involved in muscle function and myogenesis. Furthermore, CERS1 is upregulated during myogenic differentiation. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of CERS1 in aged mice blunts myogenesis and deteriorates aged skeletal muscle mass and function, which is associated with the occurrence of morphological features typical of inflammation and fibrosis. Ablation of the CERS1 orthologue lagr-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans similarly exacerbates the age-associated decline in muscle function and integrity. We discover genetic variants reducing CERS1 expression in human skeletal muscle and Mendelian randomization analysis in the UK biobank cohort shows that these variants reduce muscle grip strength and overall health. In summary, our findings link age-related impairments in muscle function to a reduction in CERS1, thereby underlining the importance of the sphingolipid biosynthesis pathway in age-related muscle homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wohlwend
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Pirkka-Pekka Laurila
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Ludger JE Goeminne
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Tanes Lima
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Ioanna Daskalaki
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Xiaoxu Li
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Giacomo von Alvensleben
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Barbara Crisol
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Renata Mangione
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Hector Gallart-Ayala
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne (UNIL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Amélia Lalou
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Olivier Burri
- Bioimaging and optics platform, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Stephen Butler
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Jonathan Morris
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Nigel Turner
- Cellular Bioenergetics Laboratory, Victor Chang Cardiac Research InstituteDarlinghurstAustralia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Julijana Ivanisevic
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne (UNIL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Benum SD, Aakvik KAD, Jørgensen APM, Jussinniemi L, Kulmala M, Vollsaeter M, Kajantie E, Evensen KAI. Motor abilities in adults born with very low birthweight: A study of two birth cohorts from Finland and Norway. Dev Med Child Neurol 2024. [PMID: 38369576 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
AIM To compare overall, fine, and gross motor abilities in adults born preterm with very low birthweight (VLBW) and a control group of term-born individuals. METHOD In a joint assessment of the Helsinki Study of Very Low Birth Weight Adults and NTNU Low Birth Weight in a Lifetime Perspective study, data were collected with harmonized methods for 118 adults born preterm (gestational age < 37 weeks) with VLBW (≤1500 g) and 147 control individuals. The primary outcome was overall motor abilities; secondary outcomes were fine and gross motor abilities. RESULTS The Bruininks Motor Ability Test Short Form total score was 4.1 (95% confidence interval 2.7-6.0) points lower in adults born with VLBW than in the control group, adjusted for cohort, age, and sex. This was partly mediated by their shorter height. They also had lower scores for other fine and gross motor tests. Results were similar when participants with neurosensory impairment were excluded, and when we adjusted for additional covariates. INTERPRETATION Adults born preterm with VLBW had poorer overall, fine, and gross motor abilities than adults born at term. This indicates that substantial difficulties in motor function among individuals born preterm with VLBW persist into mid-adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silje D Benum
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristina A D Aakvik
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anna P M Jørgensen
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Laura Jussinniemi
- Clinical Medicine Research Unit, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Public Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maarit Kulmala
- Public Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Eye and Ear Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria Vollsaeter
- Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinical Medicine Research Unit, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Public Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kari Anne I Evensen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- Children's Clinic, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fernandez JL, Snipstad S, Bjørkøy A, Davies CDL. Real-Time Multiphoton Intravital Microscopy of Drug Extravasation in Tumours during Acoustic Cluster Therapy. Cells 2024; 13:349. [PMID: 38391962 PMCID: PMC10887035 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Optimising drug delivery to tumours remains an obstacle to effective cancer treatment. A prerequisite for successful chemotherapy is that the drugs reach all tumour cells. The vascular network of tumours, extravasation across the capillary wall and penetration throughout the extracellular matrix limit the delivery of drugs. Ultrasound combined with microbubbles has been shown to improve the therapeutic response in preclinical and clinical studies. Most studies apply microbubbles designed as ultrasound contrast agents. Acoustic Cluster Therapy (ACT®) is a novel approach based on ultrasound-activated microbubbles, which have a diameter 5-10 times larger than regular contrast agent microbubbles. An advantage of using such large microbubbles is that they are in contact with a larger part of the capillary wall, and the oscillating microbubbles exert more effective biomechanical effects on the vessel wall. In accordance with this, ACT® has shown promising therapeutic results in combination with various drugs and drug-loaded nanoparticles. Knowledge of the mechanism and behaviour of drugs and microbubbles is needed to optimise ACT®. Real-time intravital microscopy (IVM) is a useful tool for such studies. This paper presents the experimental setup design for visualising ACT® microbubbles within the vasculature of tumours implanted in dorsal window (DW) chambers. It presents ultrasound setups, the integration and alignment of the ultrasound field with the optical system in live animal experiments, and the methodologies for visualisation and analysing the recordings. Dextran was used as a fluorescent marker to visualise the blood vessels and to trace drug extravasation and penetration into the extracellular matrix. The results reveal that the experimental setup successfully recorded the kinetics of extravasation and penetration distances into the extracellular matrix, offering a deeper understanding of ACT's mechanisms and potential in localised drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Lage Fernandez
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7034 Trondheim, Norway; (S.S.); (A.B.); (C.d.L.D.)
| | - Sofie Snipstad
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7034 Trondheim, Norway; (S.S.); (A.B.); (C.d.L.D.)
- Cancer Clinic, St. Olavs Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Astrid Bjørkøy
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7034 Trondheim, Norway; (S.S.); (A.B.); (C.d.L.D.)
| | - Catharina de Lange Davies
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7034 Trondheim, Norway; (S.S.); (A.B.); (C.d.L.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rangul V, Holmen TL, Langhammer A, Ingul JM, Pape K, Fenstad JS, Kvaløy K. Cohort Profile Update: The Young-HUNT Study, Norway. Int J Epidemiol 2024; 53:dyae013. [PMID: 38302751 PMCID: PMC10834360 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vegar Rangul
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Turid Lingaas Holmen
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Arnulf Langhammer
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Jo Magne Ingul
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristine Pape
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty and Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jørn Søberg Fenstad
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Kirsti Kvaløy
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hayran AB, Liabakk NB, Aas PA, Kusnierczyk A, Vågbø CB, Sarno A, Iveland TS, Chawla K, Zahn A, Di Noia JM, Slupphaug G, Kavli B. RPA guides UNG to uracil in ssDNA to facilitate antibody class switching and repair of mutagenic uracil at the replication fork. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:784-800. [PMID: 38000394 PMCID: PMC10810282 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad1115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) interacts with replication protein A (RPA), the major ssDNA-binding protein, to promote deamination of cytosine to uracil in transcribed immunoglobulin (Ig) genes. Uracil-DNA glycosylase (UNG) acts in concert with AID during Ig diversification. In addition, UNG preserves genome integrity by base-excision repair (BER) in the overall genome. How UNG is regulated to support both mutagenic processing and error-free repair remains unknown. UNG is expressed as two isoforms, UNG1 and UNG2, which both contain an RPA-binding helix that facilitates uracil excision from RPA-coated ssDNA. However, the impact of this interaction in antibody diversification and genome maintenance has not been investigated. Here, we generated B-cell clones with targeted mutations in the UNG RPA-binding motif, and analysed class switch recombination (CSR), mutation frequency (5' Ig Sμ), and genomic uracil in clones representing seven Ung genotypes. We show that the UNG:RPA interaction plays a crucial role in both CSR and repair of AID-induced uracil at the Ig loci. By contrast, the interaction had no significant impact on total genomic uracil levels. Thus, RPA coordinates UNG during CSR and pre-replicative repair of mutagenic uracil in ssDNA but is not essential in post-replicative and canonical BER of uracil in dsDNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul B Hayran
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Nina B Liabakk
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Per A Aas
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anna Kusnierczyk
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
- PROMEC - Proteomics and Modomics Experimental Core Facility at NTNU and the Central Norway Regional Health Authority, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Cathrine B Vågbø
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
- PROMEC - Proteomics and Modomics Experimental Core Facility at NTNU and the Central Norway Regional Health Authority, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Antonio Sarno
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tobias S Iveland
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Cancer Clinic, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, NO-7006 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Konika Chawla
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
- BioCore - Bioinformatics Core Facility at NTNU and the Central Norway Regional Health Authority, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Astrid Zahn
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 Av des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Javier M Di Noia
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 Av des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Département of Médicine, Université de Montréal H3C 3J7 Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Geir Slupphaug
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
- PROMEC - Proteomics and Modomics Experimental Core Facility at NTNU and the Central Norway Regional Health Authority, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, NO-7006 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bodil Kavli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, NO-7006 Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Brørs G, Gjeilo KH, Lund T, Skevik K, Aa E, Høvik LH, Skarsvaag T, Mjølstad OC. Amiodarone-induced phlebitis: incidence and adherence to a clinical practice guideline. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2023; 22:824-831. [PMID: 36594941 DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvad003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Intravenous amiodarone is an irritant of peripheral blood vessels with phlebitis as an adverse effect. The aims were to determine the incidence of intravenous amiodarone-induced phlebitis, to describe adherence to a clinical practice guideline, and to determine how characteristics were distributed between those with and without phlebitis. METHODS AND RESULTS A prospective observational study was conducted. Adult patients treated with amiodarone through a peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) or a central venous catheter were included. PIVC characteristics were measured using the PIVC mini questionnaire. Patients with ≥two signs of phlebitis were categorized as having phlebitis. Adherence to the clinical practice guideline was registered on a standard abstract sheet. Data were collected from the amiodarone start-up to 2 days after the amiodarone was discontinued. In total, 124 patients with amiodarone infusions were observed, of which 69% were administered via a PIVC. The phlebitis rate was 44%. Fifty-three per cent developed amiodarone-induced phlebitis during the infusion phase, while 47% presented phlebitis during the post-infusion phase. The three most observed signs or symptoms of phlebitis were redness (87%), pain (81%), and swelling (71%). The most commonly used PIVC site was the elbow, and 35% of the PIVCs were large (18 gauge), which was the last preferred site and size according to the clinical practice guideline. CONCLUSION A large proportion of the patients developed amiodarone-induced phlebitis. The adherence to the clinical practice guideline was not optimal according to the PIVC recommendations. Prevention of amiodarone-induced phlebitis should have high priority to reduce patient harm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gunhild Brørs
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Prinsesse Kristinas gate 3, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kari Hanne Gjeilo
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Prinsesse Kristinas gate 3, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Prinsesse Kristinas gate 3, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 8900, Torgarden, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tonje Lund
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Prinsesse Kristinas gate 3, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Karin Skevik
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Prinsesse Kristinas gate 3, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Elizabeth Aa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Prinsesse Kristinas gate 3, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lise Husby Høvik
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 8900, Torgarden, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Prinsesse Kristinas gate 3, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Torhild Skarsvaag
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Prinsesse Kristinas gate 3, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ole Christian Mjølstad
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Prinsesse Kristinas gate 3, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 8900, Torgarden, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ujvari D, Trouva A, Hirschberg AL, Vanky E. Maternal serum levels of prokineticin-1 related to pregnancy complications and metformin use in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a post hoc analysis of two prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled trials. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e073619. [PMID: 37989369 PMCID: PMC10668301 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Serum prokineticin-1 (s-PROK1) in the second and third trimester of pregnancy is positively correlated to preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and preterm delivery. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are prone to these adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the contribution of PROK1 to the development of pregnancy complications and the effect of metformin and hyperandrogenism on s-PROK1 in PCOS have not been studied previously. DESIGN This work is a post hoc analysis of two prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled trials. SETTING Pregnant women with PCOS were included from 11 study centres in Norway. PARTICIPANTS From 313 women, 264 participated in the present study after exclusions due to dropouts or insufficient serum samples. INTERVENTION Women with PCOS were randomly administered with metformin or placebo, from first trimester to delivery. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES s-PROK1 was analysed using ELISA at gestational week 19 and related to pregnancy complications, fasting insulin levels, homoeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), testosterone, or androstenedione levels, metformin use, PCOS phenotype and hyperandrogenism. RESULTS Maternal s-PROK1 in the second trimester did not predict pregnancy-induced hypertension, pre-eclampsia or late miscarriage/preterm delivery in women with PCOS. However, s-PROK1 was lower in women who used metformin before inclusion, both in those randomised to metformin and to placebo, compared with those who did not. s-PROK1 was also lower in those who used metformin both at conception and during pregnancy compared with those who used metformin from inclusion or did not use metformin at all. s-PROK1 was lower in hyperandrogenic compared with normo-androgenic women with PCOS. CONCLUSIONS Maternal s-PROK1 in the second trimester did not predict pregnancy complications in PCOS. Those who used metformin at conception and/or during pregnancy had lower s-PROK1. PCOS women with hyperandrogenism exhibited lower s-PROK1 compared with normo-adrogenic phenotypes. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03259919 and NCT00159536.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorina Ujvari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology; National Pandemic Centre; Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Anastasia Trouva
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Angelica Lindén Hirschberg
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eszter Vanky
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, St Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fernandez JL, Årbogen S, Sadeghinia MJ, Haram M, Snipstad S, Torp SH, Einen C, Mühlenpfordt M, Maardalen M, Vikedal K, Davies CDL. A Comparative Analysis of Orthotopic and Subcutaneous Pancreatic Tumour Models: Tumour Microenvironment and Drug Delivery. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5415. [PMID: 38001675 PMCID: PMC10670202 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a challenging malignancy, mainly due to its resistance to chemotherapy and its complex tumour microenvironment characterised by stromal desmoplasia. There is a need for new strategies to improve the delivery of drugs and therapeutic response. Relevant preclinical tumour models are needed to test potential treatments. This paper compared orthotopic and subcutaneous PDAC tumour models and their suitability for drug delivery studies. A novel aspect was the broad range of tumour properties that were studied, including tumour growth, histopathology, functional vasculature, perfusion, immune cell infiltration, biomechanical characteristics, and especially the extensive analysis of the structure and the orientation of the collagen fibres in the two tumour models. The study unveiled new insights into how these factors impact the uptake of a fluorescent model drug, the macromolecule called 800CW. While the orthotopic model offered a more clinically relevant microenvironment, the subcutaneous model offered advantages for drug delivery studies, primarily due to its reproducibility, and it was characterised by a more efficient drug uptake facilitated by its collagen organisation and well-perfused vasculature. The tumour uptake seemed to be influenced mainly by the structural organisation and the alignment of the collagen fibres and perfusion. Recognising the diverse characteristics of these models and their multifaceted impacts on drug delivery is crucial for designing clinically relevant experiments and improving our understanding of pancreatic cancer biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Lage Fernandez
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (S.Å.); (S.S.); (M.M.); (K.V.); (C.d.L.D.)
| | - Sara Årbogen
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (S.Å.); (S.S.); (M.M.); (K.V.); (C.d.L.D.)
| | - Mohammad Javad Sadeghinia
- Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway;
| | - Margrete Haram
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (M.H.); (S.H.T.)
- Cancer Clinic, St. Olavs Hospital, 7006 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7006 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sofie Snipstad
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (S.Å.); (S.S.); (M.M.); (K.V.); (C.d.L.D.)
- Cancer Clinic, St. Olavs Hospital, 7006 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sverre Helge Torp
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (M.H.); (S.H.T.)
- Department of Pathology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7006 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Caroline Einen
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (S.Å.); (S.S.); (M.M.); (K.V.); (C.d.L.D.)
| | - Melina Mühlenpfordt
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (S.Å.); (S.S.); (M.M.); (K.V.); (C.d.L.D.)
- EXACT Therapeutics, 0581 Oslo, Norway
| | - Matilde Maardalen
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (S.Å.); (S.S.); (M.M.); (K.V.); (C.d.L.D.)
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3NP, UK
| | - Krister Vikedal
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (S.Å.); (S.S.); (M.M.); (K.V.); (C.d.L.D.)
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Catharina de Lange Davies
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (S.Å.); (S.S.); (M.M.); (K.V.); (C.d.L.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Okkenhaug A, Tritter JQ, Landstad BJ. Developing a research tool to detect iatrogenic adverse events in psychiatric health care by involving service users and health professionals. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2023. [PMID: 37947248 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT Most health professionals working in psychiatric care will experience adverse events (AE) such as service user suicide or violence, during their career Norway lacks measures to capture potential iatrogenic injuries, such as risk assessment measures, to evaluate patient records for AEs in both inpatient and outpatient psychiatric clinics in hospitals WHAT THE PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE: We have described an approach to the validation of a research tool between different national contexts; a process that went beyond language translation We have incorporated the understanding of health professionals and service users; to bring together the lifeworld of the patient with the professional definition of AEs, triggers and risk areas of AEs in a psychiatric context. The service users' experiences resulted in modifications to the tool. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSES Applying the 'Global Trigger Tool-Psychiatry' in Norway and Sweden can help mental health nurses to prevent iatrogenic harm and reduce the occurrence of AEs through the identification of potential triggers. Implementing 'Global Trigger Tool-Psychiatry' might help mental health nurses to improve patient safety in Norway and Sweden. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: There is little consensus on cross-cultural and cross-national adaptation of research instruments. AIM/QUESTION To translate and validate a Swedish research tool (GTT-P) to detect iatrogenic adverse events in psychiatric health care by involving service users and health professionals in the process. METHOD The GTT-P, designed to identify events in patient records that were triggers for adverse events, was translated to Norwegian using a cross-cultural adaptation approach. This involved two focus groups with clinical staff, one of which involved service users, and a joint discussion at a Dialogue Conference to generate consensus on the definition of the triggers of potential adverse events identifiable in patient records. RESULTS We highlight both the differences and commonalities in defining the nature of risks, the adverse events and the triggers of such events. The Dialogue Conference resulted in three modifications of the tool, based on service users' experiences. Service user involvement and co-production was essential for both the translation and adaptation of the research instrument. DISCUSSION We have described an approach to the validation of a research tool between different national contexts; a process that went beyond language translation. This approach enables a more nuanced understanding of potential risks within a psychiatric context as it engages differences in the care delivery. Applying the GTT-P in hospital-based psychiatric care might help to identify processes that need to be changed in order to promote patient safety and a safer work environment for mental health nurses. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE When translating and validating the GTT-P from Swedish to Norwegian, we have considered the knowledge and experiences of both service users and health professionals. The application of the GTT-P can promote greater patient safety in hospital settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arne Okkenhaug
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Nord Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger Hospital, Levanger, Norway
| | - Jonathan Q Tritter
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Bodil J Landstad
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
- Unit of Research, Education and Development, Östersund Hospital, Östersund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mostad IL, Grill V. NEFA Dynamics in Adults With Severe Obesity and Insulin Resistance: No Coupling to the rs9939609 FTO Risk Allele. J Endocr Soc 2023; 7:bvad101. [PMID: 37873504 PMCID: PMC10590638 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Context The FTO gene is highly expressed in adipose tissues; however, whether nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) dynamics are impacted by FTO has not been rigorously tested for in a uniformly obese study population comprising both sexes. Objective To test for associations of the rs9939609 FTO risk allele with NEFA suppression. Methods We investigated 97 subjects with severe obesity but without diabetes, having genotype TT (n = 32), AT (n = 31), or AA (n = 34) in a cross-sectional observation study. NEFA suppression was assessed from a low-dose hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp with glucose-tracer as well as from the response to a standardized meal. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by hepatic and total insulin sensitivity measurements in the clamp and by the Matsuda index during the meal. Variables of possible importance for NEFA dynamics were primarily assessed by linear regression. Results No genotype associations with fasting or suppressed NEFA were found, whether in the clamp or meal situation (P > .7 for all comparisons). Independent of genotype, higher fasting concentrations of NEFA and larger NEFA suppression were found in female compared with male subjects. Fasting NEFA or degree of suppression were not associated with total fat mass or body mass index. The respiratory quotient was negatively associated with NEFA suppression. Conclusion In a gender-mixed adult population of obese individuals, an FTO obesity-risk allele did not affect fasting NEFA nor suppression thereof. These negative results on NEFA dynamics appear strengthened by the documentation of gender influence and associations with parameters reflective of insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Løvold Mostad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Speech-Language Therapy, Clinic of Rehabilitation, St. Olavs hospital—Trondheim University Hospital, NO 7006 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Valdemar Grill
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Woxholt S, Ueland T, Aukrust P, Anstensrud AK, Broch K, Tøllefsen IM, Ryan L, Bendz B, Hopp E, Kløw NE, Seljeflot I, Halvorsen B, Dahl TB, Huse C, Andersen GØ, Gullestad L, Wiseth R, Amundsen BH, Damas JK, Kleveland O. Cytokine pattern in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated with the interleukin-6 receptor antagonist tocilizumab. Open Heart 2023; 10:e002301. [PMID: 37591633 PMCID: PMC10441101 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2023-002301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tocilizumab improves myocardial salvage index (MSI) in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), but its mechanisms of action are unclear. Here, we explored how cytokines were affected by tocilizumab and their correlations with neutrophils, C-reactive protein (CRP), troponin T, MSI and infarct size. METHODS STEMI patients were randomised to receive a single dose of 280 mg tocilizumab (n=101) or placebo (n=98) before percutaneous coronary intervention. Blood samples were collected before infusion of tocilizumab or placebo at baseline, during follow-up at 24-36, 72-168 hours, 3 and 6 months. 27 cytokines were analysed using a multiplex cytokine assay. Cardiac MRI was performed during hospitalisation and 6 months. RESULTS Repeated measures analysis of variance showed significant (p<0.001) between-group difference in changes for IL-6, IL-8 and IL-1ra due to an increase in the tocilizumab group during hospitalisation. IL-6 and IL-8 correlated to neutrophils in the placebo group (r=0.73, 0.68, respectively), which was attenuated in the tocilizumab group (r=0.28, 0.27, respectively). A similar pattern was seen for MSI and IL-6 and IL-8 in the placebo group (r=-0.29, -0.25, respectively) in patients presenting ≤3 hours from symptom onset, which was attenuated in the tocilizumab group (r=-0.09,-0.14, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Tocilizumab increases IL-6, IL-8 and IL-1ra in STEMI. IL-6 and IL-8 show correlations to neutrophils/CRP and markers of cardiac injury in the placebo group that was attenuated in the tocilizumab group. This may suggest a beneficial effect of tocilizumab on the ischaemia-reperfusion injury in STEMI patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03004703.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sindre Woxholt
- Clinic of Cardiology, St Olavs Hospital Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - T Ueland
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Rikshospitalet University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center (TREC), UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Disease, Oslo Universitetssykehus, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Rikshospitalet Research Institute for Internal Medicine, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Kristine Anstensrud
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kaspar Broch
- Department of Cardiology, Rikshospitalet University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Cardiac Research Centre and Centre for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Liv Ryan
- Department of clinical and Molecular medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bjørn Bendz
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Einar Hopp
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rikshospitalet University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nils-Einar Kløw
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Radiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingebjørg Seljeflot
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bente Halvorsen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Rikshospitalet University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tuva B Dahl
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Rikshospitalet University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Camilla Huse
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Rikshospitalet University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Øystein Andersen
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo universitetssykehus Ulleval, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Clinical Heart Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Gullestad
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, Rikshospitalet University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Cardiac Research Centre and Centre for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rune Wiseth
- Clinic of Cardiology, St Olavs Hospital Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Brage H Amundsen
- Clinic of Cardiology, St Olavs Hospital Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan Kristian Damas
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Olavs Hospital Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ola Kleveland
- Clinic of Cardiology, St Olavs Hospital Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Denos M, Sun YQ, Jiang L, Brumpton BM, Mai XM. Age at Menarche, age at Natural Menopause, and Risk of Lung and Colorectal Cancers: A Mendelian Randomization Study. J Endocr Soc 2023; 7:bvad077. [PMID: 37404243 PMCID: PMC10315561 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The roles of age at menarche and age at menopause in the etiology of lung and colorectal cancers are unclear. Objective We aimed to investigate potential causal associations between age at menarche, age at natural menopause, and risk of lung and colorectal cancers using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Methods From the Trøndelag Health Study in Norway, we defined two cohorts of 35 477 and 17 118 women to study the effects of age at menarche and age at natural menopause, respectively. We ran univariable MR to evaluate the potential causal associations. We performed multivariable MR adjusting for genetic variants of adult body mass index (BMI) to estimate the direct effect of age at menarche. Results Genetically predicted 1-year increase in age at menarche was associated with a lower risk of lung cancer overall (hazard ratio [HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.48-0.86), lung adenocarcinoma (HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.38-0.99), and lung non-adenocarcinoma (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.45-0.95). After adjusting for adult BMI using a multivariable MR model, the direct effect estimates reduced to HR 0.72 (95% CI, 0.54-0.95) for lung cancer overall, HR 0.67 (95% CI, 0.43-1.03) for lung adenocarcinoma, and HR 0.77 (95% CI, 0.54-1.09) for lung non-adenocarcinoma. Age at menarche was not associated with colorectal cancer. Moreover, genetically predicted age at natural menopause was not associated with lung and colorectal cancers. Conclusion Our MR study suggested that later age at menarche was causally associated with a decreased risk of lung cancer overall and its subtypes, and adult BMI might be a mediator.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Denos
- Correspondence: Marion Denos, MSc, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Håkon Jarls gate 11,7030 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Yi-Qian Sun
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research Mid-Norway (TkMidt), 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ben Michael Brumpton
- Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Xiao-Mei Mai
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jalving HT, Heimdal I, Valand J, Risnes K, Krokstad S, Nordbø SA, Døllner H, Christensen A. The Burden of Human Bocavirus 1 in Hospitalized Children With Respiratory Tract Infections. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2023; 12:282-289. [PMID: 37099765 PMCID: PMC10231390 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piad027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) is frequently codetected with other viruses, and detected in asymptomatic children. Thus, the burden of HBoV1 respiratory tract infections (RTI) has been unknown. Using HBoV1-mRNA to indicate true HBoV1 RTI, we assessed the burden of HBoV1 in hospitalized children and the impact of viral codetections, compared with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). METHODS Over 11 years, we enrolled 4879 children <16 years old admitted with RTI. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were analyzed with polymerase chain reaction for HBoV1-DNA, HBoV1-mRNA, and 19 other pathogens. RESULTS HBoV1-mRNA was detected in 2.7% (130/4850) samples, modestly peaking in autumn and winter. Forty-three percent with HBoV1 mRNA were 12-17 months old, and only 5% were <6 months old. A total of 73.8% had viral codetections. It was more likely to detect HBoV1-mRNA if HBoV1-DNA was detected alone (odds ratio [OR]: 3.9, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.7-8.9) or with 1 viral codetection (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1-3.3), compared to ≥2 codetections. Codetection of severe viruses like RSV had lower odds for HBoV1-mRNA (OR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.19-0.61). The yearly lower RTI hospitalization rate per 1000 children <5 years was 0.7 for HBoV1-mRNA and 8.7 for RSV. CONCLUSIONS True HBoV1 RTI is most likely when HBoV1-DNA is detected alone, or with 1 codetected virus. Hospitalization due to HBoV1 LRTI is 10-12 times less common than RSV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hedda Trømborg Jalving
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Inger Heimdal
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jonas Valand
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kari Risnes
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Children’s Department, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sidsel Krokstad
- Department of Medical Microbiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Svein Arne Nordbø
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Medical Microbiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Henrik Døllner
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Children’s Department, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Andreas Christensen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Medical Microbiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hjort R, Ahlqvist E, Andersson T, Alfredsson L, Carlsson PO, Grill V, Groop L, Martinell M, Sørgjerd EP, Tuomi T, Åsvold BO, Carlsson S. Physical Activity, Genetic Susceptibility, and the Risk of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults and Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5896587. [PMID: 32835373 PMCID: PMC7947966 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Physical activity (PA) has been linked to a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes by reducing weight and improving insulin sensitivity. We investigated whether PA is associated with a lower incidence of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and whether the association is modified by genotypes of human leukocyte antigen (HLA), transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2)-rs7903146, or the fat mass and obesity-associated gene, FTO-rs9939609. METHODS We combined data from a Swedish case-control study and a Norwegian prospective study including 621 incident cases of LADA and 3596 cases of type 2 diabetes. We estimated adjusted pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% CI of diabetes in relation to high (≥ 30 minutes of moderate activity 3 times/week) self-reported leisure time PA, compared to sedentariness. RESULTS High PA was associated with a reduced risk of LADA (RR 0.61; CI, 0.43-0.86), which was attenuated after adjustment for body mass index (BMI) (RR 0.90; CI, 0.63-1.29). The reduced risk applied only to noncarriers of HLA-DQB1 and -DRB1 (RR 0.49; CI, 0.33-0.72), TCF7L2 (RR 0.62; CI, 0.45-0.87), and FTO (RR 0.51; CI, 0.32-0.79) risk genotypes. Adjustment for BMI attenuated but did not eliminate these associations. For type 2 diabetes, there was an inverse association with PA (RR 0.49; CI, 0.42-0.56), irrespective of genotype. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that high PA is associated with a reduced risk of LADA in individuals without genetic susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecka Hjort
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Rebecka Hjort, PhD, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. E-mail:
| | - Emma Ahlqvist
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Clinical Research Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tomas Andersson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Alfredsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Ola Carlsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Valdemar Grill
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Clinical Research Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mats Martinell
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elin Pettersen Sørgjerd
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Clinical Research Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Research Program for Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bjørn Olav Åsvold
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sofia Carlsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dirnena-Fusini I, Åm MK, Fougner AL, Carlsen SM, Christiansen SC. Intraperitoneal, subcutaneous and intravenous glucagon delivery and subsequent glucose response in rats: a randomized controlled crossover trial. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2018; 6:e000560. [PMID: 30487972 PMCID: PMC6235059 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2018-000560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypoglycemia is a frequent and potentially dangerous event among patients with diabetes mellitus type 1. Subcutaneous glucagon is an emergency treatment to counteract severe hypoglycemia. The effect of intraperitoneal glucagon delivery is sparsely studied. We performed a direct comparison of the blood glucose response following intraperitoneally, subcutaneously and intravenously administered glucagon. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This is a prospective, randomized, controlled, open-label, crossover trial in 20 octreotide-treated rats. Three interventions, 1 week apart, in a randomized order, were done in each rat. All 20 rats were given intraperitoneal and subcutaneous glucagon injections, from which 5 rats were given intravenous glucagon injections and 15 rats received placebo (intraperitoneal isotonic saline) injection. The dose of glucagon was 5 µg/kg body weight for all routes of administration. Blood glucose levels were measured before and until 60 min after the glucagon/placebo injections. RESULTS Compared with placebo-treated rats, a significant increase in blood glucose was observed 4 min after intraperitoneal glucagon administration (p=0.009), whereas after subcutaneous and intravenous glucagon administration significant increases were seen after 8 min (p=0.002 and p<0.001, respectively). In intraperitoneally treated compared with subcutaneously treated rats, the increase in blood glucose was higher after 4 min (p=0.019) and lower after 40 min (p=0.005) and 50 min (p=0.011). The maximum glucose response occurred earlier after intraperitoneal compared with subcutaneous glucagon injection (25 min vs 35 min; p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS Glucagon administered intraperitoneally gives a faster glucose response compared with subcutaneously administered glucagon in rats. If repeatable in humans, the more rapid glucose response may be of importance in a dual-hormone artificial pancreas using the intraperitoneal route for administration of insulin and glucagon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilze Dirnena-Fusini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marte Kierulf Åm
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anders Lyngvi Fougner
- Department of Engineering Cybernetics, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sven Magnus Carlsen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sverre Christian Christiansen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|