1
|
Al-Majed AA, AlKhairallah A, Attwa MW, Alkahtani HM, El-Azab AS, Abdel-Aziz AAM, Alkhider A, Hassan SB, Bakheit AH. Avanafil: A comprehensive drug profile. Profiles Drug Subst Excip Relat Methodol 2023; 49:115-151. [PMID: 38423706 DOI: 10.1016/bs.podrm.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Avanafil is an oral medication used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED). As a phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor, it functions by inhibiting the PDE5 enzyme, which ultimately results in increased levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and improved blood flow to the penis. Approved by the FDA in 2012, avanafil is recognised for its rapid onset of action, short half-life, and favourable side-effects profile. While it has been explored for other potential therapeutic applications, its current approved use is limited to ED and should be used as prescribed by a medical professional. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of avanafil, encompassing its nomenclature, physicochemical properties, methods of preparation, and identification. Various techniques for analysing avanafil, such as electrochemical analysis, spectrophotometric, spectrofluorimetric, and chromatographic techniques, are discussed. The pharmacology of avanafil, including its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, is also examined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman A Al-Majed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer AlKhairallah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed W Attwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Students' University Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hamad M Alkahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel S El-Azab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa A-M Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Alkhider
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Sawsan Bushra Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Ahmed H Bakheit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
El-Kimary EI, Allam AN, Khafagy ES, Hegazy WAH. Analytical Methodologies for the Estimation of Oxazolidinone Antibiotics as Key Members of anti-MRSA Arsenal: A Decade in Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-30. [PMID: 37378883 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2228902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Gram-positive bacterial infections are among the most serious diseases related with high mortality rates and huge healthcare costs especially with the rise of antibiotic-resistant strains that limits treatment options. Thus, development of new antibiotics combating these multi-drug resistant bacteria is crucial. Oxazolidinone antibiotics are the only totally synthetic group of antibiotics that showed activity against multi-drug resistant Gram positive bacteria including MRSA because of their unique mechanism of action in targeting protein synthesis. This group include approved marketed members (tedizolid, linezolid and contezolid) or those under development (delpazlolid, radezolid and sutezolid). Due to the significant impact of this class, larger number of analytical methods were required to meet the needs of both clinical and industrial studies. Analyzing these drugs either alone or with other antimicrobial agents commonly used in ICU, in the presence of pharmaceutical or endogenous biological interferences, or in the presence of matrix impurities as metabolites and degradation products poses a big analytical challenge. This review highlights current analytical approaches published in the last decade (2012-2022) that dealt with the determination of these drugs in different matrices and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. Various techniques have been described for their determination including chromatographic, spectroscopic, capillary electrophoretic and electroanalytical methods. The review comprises six sections (one for each drug) with their related tables that depict critical figures of merit and some experimental conditions for the reviewed methods. Furthermore, future perspectives about the analytical methodologies that can be developed in the near future for determination of these drugs are suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eman I El-Kimary
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Pharmacy Program, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Chemistry), Oman College of Health Sciences, Muscat, Oman
| | - Ahmed N Allam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Pharmacy Program, Department of Pharmaceutics, Oman College of Health Sciences, Muscat, Oman
| | - El-Sayed Khafagy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Wael A H Hegazy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Pharmacy Program, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Microbiology and Immunology), Oman College of Health Sciences, Muscat, Oman
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fama F, Feltracco M, Moro G, Barbaro E, Bassanello M, Gambaro A, Zanardi C. Pesticides monitoring in biological fluids: Mapping the gaps in analytical strategies. Talanta 2023; 253:123969. [PMID: 36191513 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides play a key-role in the development of the agrifood sector allowing controlling pest growth and, thus, improving the production rates. Pesticides chemical stability is responsible of their persistency in environmental matrices leading to bioaccumulation in animal tissues and hazardous several effects on living organisms. The studies regarding long-term effects of pesticides exposure and their toxicity are still limited to few studies focusing on over-exposed populations, but no extensive dataset is currently available. Pesticides biomonitoring relies mainly on chromatographic techniques coupled with mass spectrometry, whose large-scale application is often limited by feasibility constraints (costs, time, etc.). On the contrary, chemical sensors allow rapid, in-situ screening. Several sensors were designed for the detection of pesticides in environmental matrices, but their application in biological fluids needs to be further explored. Aiming at contributing to the implementation of pesticides biomonitoring methods, we mapped the main gaps between screening and chromatographic methods. Our overview focuses on the recent advances (2016-2021) in analytical methods for the determination of commercial pesticides in human biological fluids and provides guidelines for their application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Fama
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172, Venezia, Italy
| | - Matteo Feltracco
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172, Venezia, Italy
| | - Giulia Moro
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172, Venezia, Italy.
| | - Elena Barbaro
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172, Venezia, Italy; Istituto di Scienze Polari (ISP-CNR), Via Torino 155, 30172, Venezia, Italy
| | - Marco Bassanello
- Health Direction Monastier di Treviso Hospital, Via Giovanni XXIII 7, 31050, Treviso, Italy
| | - Andrea Gambaro
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172, Venezia, Italy; Istituto di Scienze Polari (ISP-CNR), Via Torino 155, 30172, Venezia, Italy.
| | - Chiara Zanardi
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172, Venezia, Italy; Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photosynthesis, Research National Council, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ainali NM, Kalaronis D, Kontogiannis A, Evgenidou E, Kyzas GZ, Yang X, Bikiaris DN, Lambropoulou DA. Microplastics in the environment: Sampling, pretreatment, analysis and occurrence based on current and newly-exploited chromatographic approaches. Sci Total Environ 2021; 794:148725. [PMID: 34323760 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The omnipresent character of microplastics (MPs) in environmental matrices, organisms and products has recently posed the need of their qualitative as well as quantitative analysis imperative, in order to provide data about their abundance and specification of polymer types in several substrates. In this framework, current and emerging approaches based on the chromatographic separation are of increased relevance in the field of MPs analysis and possess a large number of merits, since most of them are applicable in various complex matrices, sensitive and ideal for the detection of small-sized particles, whereas the common absence of any special pre-treatment step before analysis should also be highlighted. Αnalytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has recently gained ground as a powerful means to deliver information on MPs composition and degradation after their release into environment. Several instrumentations and trends in the area of analytical pyrolysis are thoroughly described within this review, while newly-exploited chromatographic methods in the field of MPs analysis, including Liquid Chromatography (LC) and Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) in this line are also investigated. The present review fills the gap of standardization concerning sampling, pre-treatment and chromatographic approaches and gathers all the available methodologies applied inside this area in accordance with the studied substrate, with the most examined environmental matrices being the solid one. After investigating the various works, some development options arise and it appears that chromatographic approaches should focus on improved extraction processes in terms of MPs isolation, since it is a crucial part in plastic items monitoring and is commonly depended on the polymer type and matrix. Special attention is given on the potential of chromatographic techniques for microplastics identification as well as quantification by confirming the current research status and knowledge gaps and highlighting some of the recent trends in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Maria Ainali
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kalaronis
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antonios Kontogiannis
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Evgenidou
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center, Thessaloniki GR-57001, Greece
| | - George Z Kyzas
- Department of Chemistry, International Hellenic University, GR-654 04 Kavala, Greece
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Dimitrios N Bikiaris
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra A Lambropoulou
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center, Thessaloniki GR-57001, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Elsheikh SG, Hassan AME, Fayez YM, El-Mosallamy SS. Greenness Assessment of Two Validated Stability Indicating Chromatographic Methods for Estimating Modafinil Using Analytical Eco-Scale. J AOAC Int 2021; 105:379-386. [PMID: 34626119 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsab132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modafinil (MDF) is one of the drugs that used for the treatment of narcolepsy. OBJECTIVE This manuscript involves the development and validation of two chromatographic stability indicating methods for MDF in the presence of its acid induced degradation. METHODS Modafinil was degraded under different stress conditions and identification of the degradation product was performed using infrared and mass spectroscopy. The first method was thin layer chromatography where aluminum backed silica gel 60F254 plates were used and the developing system was dichloromethane- methanol (9:1, v/v). While the second method was an eco- friendly (HPLC) that utilized C-18 column and ethanol- H2O (30:70, v/v) as a mobile phase at flow rate 1 mL/min and UV detection at 220 nm. RESULTS Good linear relationships were obtained within ranges of (1-10 µg/band) and (2-10 µg/mL) for TLC-densitometry and HPLC, respectively. The obtained results were statistically compared with those of the official HPLC method and showed no significant difference with respect to their accuracy and precision at p = 0.05. Greenness scores represent excellent green analysis in comparison with the reported studies. CONCLUSIONS The proposed methods were validated according to ICH guidelines and were applied on bulk powder and pharmaceutical dosage form using eco-friendly mobile phases as the worldwide trend. HIGHLIGHTS Chromatographic methods have been validated for estimation of MDF in the presence of its degradation product. Clarification of degradation pathway and the elucidation of the structure were stated for the first time. It's the first published method using greenness assessment metrics for the analysis of MDF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soha G Elsheikh
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abeer M E Hassan
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yasmin M Fayez
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini, Cairo, 11562 Egypt
| | - Sally S El-Mosallamy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini, Cairo, 11562 Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ibrahim H, Serag A, Farag MA. Emerging analytical tools for the detection of the third gasotransmitter H 2S, a comprehensive review. J Adv Res 2021; 27:137-153. [PMID: 33318873 PMCID: PMC7728591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is currently considered among the endogenously produced gaseous molecules that exert various signaling effects in mammalian species. It is the third physiological gasotransmitter discovered so far after NO and CO. H2S was originally ranked among the toxic gases at elevated levels to humans. Currently, it is well-known that, in the cardiovascular system, H2S exerts several cardioprotective effects including vasodilation, antioxidant regulation, inhibition of inflammation, and activation of anti-apoptosis. With an increasing interest in monitoring H2S, the development of analysis methods should now follow. AIM OF REVIEW This review stages special emphasis on the several analytical technologies used for its determination including spectroscopic, chromatographic, and electrochemical methods. Advantages and limitations with regards to the application of each technique are highlighted with special emphasis on its employment for H2S in vivo measurement i.e., biofluids, tissues. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS AND IMPORTANT FINDINGS OF REVIEW Fluorescence methods applied for H2S measurement offer an attractive non-invasive and promising approach in addition to its selectivity, however they cannot be considered as H2S-specific probes. On the other hand, colorimetric assays are among the most common methods used for in vitro H2S detection, albeit their employment in vivo H2S measurement has not yet been possible . Separation techniques such as gas or liquid chromatography offer higher selectivity compared to direct spectrophotometric or fluorescence methods especially for suitable for endpoint H2S measurements i.e. plasma or tissue samples. Despite all the developed analytical procedures used for H2S determination, the need for highly selective, much work should be devoted to resolve all the pitfalls of the current methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hany Ibrahim
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Serag
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11751, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Omotola EO, Olatunji OS. Quantification of selected pharmaceutical compounds in water using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). Heliyon 2020; 6:e05787. [PMID: 33426324 PMCID: PMC7779709 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The detection and quantitation of pharmaceutical compounds (PCs) in different environmental matrices is still a challenge, due to their extremely low (ng-μg) concentrations and the lack of rapid and sensitive analytical techniques. A number of techniques, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), chromatography, electrophoresis, and electrochemical methods have been explored. These methods are limited by their poor sensitivity. In this study, a hyphenated liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric (LC-MS) method was developed, validated, and tested for the detection and quantification of seven active pharmaceutical compounds, with solid-phase extraction for analytes recovery and separation of interference from the aqueous matrix. The sensitivity achieved for the method allowed for LODs (μg/L) of 0.0439, 0.0684, 0.1219, 0.0710, 0.1129, 0.0447, 0.0837 and LOQs (μg/L) of 0.1462, 0.2281, 0.4065, 0.2367, 0.3763, 0.1492, 0.2792, for lamivudine, acetaminophen, vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, diclofenac, and ivermectin, respectively, within a linear range of 0.01-0.1 μg/mL. Other ICH validation parameters are also discussed. The different PCs were positive in 61 % of the tested surface waters, with diclofenac present only in two of the sampling points. The concentrations at which they occurred were variable and ranged between ND and 398.98 μg/L.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Oyinkansola Omotola
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa
- Department of Chemistry, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijebu Ode, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dong-Wei C, Yuan Z, Xiao-Yi D, Yu Z, Guo-Hui L, Xue-Song F. Progress in Pretreatment and Analytical Methods of Coumarins: An Update since 2012 - A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 51:503-526. [PMID: 32314593 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1750338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Coumarins are widely used due to their wide range of biological activities, but the long-term or excessive use of coumarin flavors can pose serious health hazards. Therefore, sensitive and specific methods for the quantification of these compounds in different matrices have been developed. In this review, an updated overview of the latest trends in sample preparation techniques and methods used to detect coumarins from March 2012 to April 2019 is provided. This study reviews different analytical methods (such as liquid chromatography coupled with different detectors, electrochemical sensors, capillary electrophoresis, etc.) and different pretreatment methods (such as liquid-liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, etc.). Different methods for the pretreatment and determination of coumarins in plant, food, environmental, pharmaceutical and biological samples are summarized, discussed and compared.HighlightsProgress in pretreatment and analytical methods of coumarins are summarized.Fundamentals, instrumentation and applications of purification and quantification are summarized and compared.Optimization of experimental conditions are discussed.Newly emerged eco-friendly methods are introduced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cui Dong-Wei
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhang Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Duan Xiao-Yi
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhou Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Guo-Hui
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Xue-Song
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ramos-Escudero F, Muñoz AM, Ramos Escudero M, Viñas-Ospino A, Morales MT, Asuero AG. Characterization of commercial Sacha inchi oil according to its composition: tocopherols, fatty acids, sterols, triterpene and aliphatic alcohols. J Food Sci Technol 2019; 56:4503-4515. [PMID: 31686682 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-03938-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Sacha inchi oil (SIO) is one of the largest vegetable oil exports in Peru, used for consumption, in the food industry, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals; it represents a significant economic income for producers. This study addresses the characterization and quantification of fatty acids, tocopherols, sterols, and alcohols of commercial Sacha inchi oils from Peru. Some of the SIO samples received had a high substance consistency, while others differed in the compounds studied. The results showed that some of the commercialized oils present high levels of γ-tocopherol and δ-tocopherol, while other samples had variable fatty acid compositions; especially in α-linolenic, linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids. Fourteen sterols and eleven alcohols were identified (β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, Δ5-avenasterol, triterpene alcohol, lanosterol isomer 1 and cycloartenol) being the major components. Some SIO samples presented the following ratios: The δ-tocopherol/γ-tocopherol ratio was 0.33-0.81, ω-6/ω-3 ratio was 0.77 and a stigmasterol/campesterol ratio of 3.13. The presence of brassicasterol in some commercial oils indicates the addition of rapeseed or canola oil. Tocopherols, fatty acids, sterols and alcohol data provided a classification of SIO samples, by an efficient k-means clustering algorithm analysis. The ANOVA found significant differences between clusters for palmitic acid, oleic acid, γ-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol, campesterol and stigmasterol; these compounds could be used as markers of authenticity in commercial Sacha inchi oils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Ramos-Escudero
- 1Unidad de Investigación en Nutrición, Salud, Alimentos Funcionales y Nutraceúticos, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola (UNUSAN-USIL), Calle Toulon, 310, 15024 Lima, Peru
- 2Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Seville, c/Prof. García González 2, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Ana María Muñoz
- 1Unidad de Investigación en Nutrición, Salud, Alimentos Funcionales y Nutraceúticos, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola (UNUSAN-USIL), Calle Toulon, 310, 15024 Lima, Peru
| | - Mónica Ramos Escudero
- 3Laboratorio de Química Industrial, Facultad de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Av. La Fontana 1250, 15024 Lima, Peru
| | - Adriana Viñas-Ospino
- 4Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Av. Arequipa 265, 15046 Lima, Peru
| | - María Teresa Morales
- 2Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Seville, c/Prof. García González 2, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Agustín G Asuero
- 2Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Seville, c/Prof. García González 2, 41012 Seville, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Glycosylation is one of the most common and essential protein modifications. Glycans conjugated to biomolecules modulate the function of such molecules through both direct recognition of glycan structures and indirect mechanisms that involve the control of protein turnover rates, stability, and conformation. The biological attributes of glycans in numerous biological processes and implications in a number of diseases highlight the necessity for comprehensive characterization of protein glycosylation. This chapter reviews cutting-edge methods and tools developed to facilitate quantitative glycomics. This chapter highlights the different methods employed for the release and purification of glycans from biological samples. The most effective labeling methods developed for sensitive quantitative glycomics are also described and discussed. The chromatographic approaches that have been used effectively in glycomics are also highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Veillon
- Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - S Zhou
- Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Y Mechref
- Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mariano LNB, Vendramini-Costa DB, Ruiz ALTG, de Carvalho JE, Corrêa R, Cechinel Filho V, Delle Monache F, Niero R. In vitro antiproliferative activity of uncommon xanthones from branches of Garcinia achachairu. Pharm Biol 2016; 54:1697-1704. [PMID: 26704644 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1123279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Context Garcinia achachairu Rusby (Clusiaceae) popularly known as 'achachairu' is used in folk medicine to treat rheumatism, inflammation, pain and gastric disorder. Objective The present study investigated the chemical profile and antiproliferative effects of the methanolic extract, fractions and two xanthones, against some carcinoma cell lines in vitro. Materials and methods The compounds were isolated and identified by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. The extract, fractions and compounds were tested human tumour cell lines of U-251 (glioma), MCF-7 (breast), NCI/ADR-RES (ovary expressing multi-drug resistance phenotype), 786-0 (kidney), NCI-H460 (lung, non-small cells), PC-3 (prostate) and HT-29 (colon), non-tumour cell line HaCat (human keratinocytes) in doses of 0.25-250 μg mL (-) (1) for 48 h. The antiproliferative activity was determined by spectrophotometric quantification (at 540 nm) of the cellular protein content using sulphorhodamine B assay. The prediction of parameters involved in the molecular bioavailability was executed directly by ChemDoodle (version 5.0.1) software (iChemLabs, LLC, Somerset, NJ). Results 3-Demethyl-2-geranyl-4-prenylbellidypholine (1) and 1,5,8-trihydroxy-4',5'-dimethyl-2H-pyrane (2,3:3,2)-4-(3-methylbut-2-enyl) xanthone (2), gartanin (3) and stigmasterol (4) were identified on the basis of spectroscopic techniques. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited cytocidal activity, especially against breast, prostate and kidney cell lines, with TGI values of 15.8, 4.9, 9.1 and 39.4, 44.7, 40.9 μg/mL, respectively. Discussion and conclusion The presence of two sets of hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups in separate domains in each molecule might play a role in the mediation of tumour-specific action. Our data show that G. achachairu have potent antiproliferative action and should be considered an important source of potent anticancer compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Nathália Bolda Mariano
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR) , Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI , Itajaí , Santa Catarina , Brazil
| | - Débora Barbosa Vendramini-Costa
- b Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas, Biológicas e Agrícolas (CPQBA) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) , Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Tasca Gois Ruiz
- b Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas, Biológicas e Agrícolas (CPQBA) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) , Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - João Ernesto de Carvalho
- b Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas, Biológicas e Agrícolas (CPQBA) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) , Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil
- c Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas - Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas , Campinas , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Rogério Corrêa
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR) , Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI , Itajaí , Santa Catarina , Brazil
| | - Valdir Cechinel Filho
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR) , Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI , Itajaí , Santa Catarina , Brazil
| | - Franco Delle Monache
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR) , Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI , Itajaí , Santa Catarina , Brazil
| | - Rivaldo Niero
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR) , Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI , Itajaí , Santa Catarina , Brazil
| |
Collapse
|