|
1
|
Menconi V, Lazzaro E, Bertola M, Guardone L, Mazzucato M, Prearo M, Bilska-Zajac E, Cortinovis L, Manfrin A, Arcangeli G, Angeloni G. The Occurrence of Freshwater Fish-Borne Zoonotic Helminths in Italy and Neighbouring Countries: A Systematic Review. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3793. [PMID: 38136832 PMCID: PMC10741178 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the consumption of fish products has surged in European countries, being an essential part of a healthy diet. Despite representing a small part of EU production, freshwater fisheries hold considerable significance for lake-dwelling populations and tourists seeking traditional dishes. This increased fish consumption has brought to light potential health risks associated with fish-borne zoonotic helminths (FBZHs), now acknowledged as global food-borne parasites. Fish-borne zoonotic helminths belong to various taxonomic groups, including nematodes (Anisakidae), trematodes (Opisthorchiidae and Heterophyidae), and cestodes (Diphyllobothriidae). More than 50 species of FBZH are known to cause human infections, derived from eating raw or undercooked aquatic foods containing viable parasites. Despite increased attention, FBZHs remain relatively neglected compared to other food-borne pathogens due to factors like chronic disease progression and under-diagnosis. This systematic review concentrates on the prevalence of six freshwater FBZHs (Clinostomum complanatum, Contracaecum rudolphii, Dibothriocephalus latus, Eustrongylides excisus, Opisthorchis felineus, and Pseudamphistomum truncatum) in Italy and neighbouring countries. The study explores the expansion of these parasites, analysing their biological and epidemiological aspects, and the factors that influence their proliferation, such as the increased cormorant population and the lake eutrophication phenomena. In summary, this research highlights the necessity for further research, the development of spatial databases, and the establishment of a unified European policy to effectively manage these multifaceted health concerns. It strongly advocates adopting a One-Health approach to address the growing incidence of parasitic zoonoses within the context of food safety in EU countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vasco Menconi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell’Università, 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (V.M.); (E.L.); (M.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.); (G.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Elena Lazzaro
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell’Università, 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (V.M.); (E.L.); (M.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.); (G.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Michela Bertola
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell’Università, 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (V.M.); (E.L.); (M.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.); (G.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Lisa Guardone
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle D’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy (M.P.)
| | - Matteo Mazzucato
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell’Università, 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (V.M.); (E.L.); (M.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.); (G.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Marino Prearo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle D’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy (M.P.)
| | - Ewa Bilska-Zajac
- Department of Parasitology and Invasive Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow Avenue 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland;
| | - Luana Cortinovis
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell’Università, 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (V.M.); (E.L.); (M.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.); (G.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Amedeo Manfrin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell’Università, 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (V.M.); (E.L.); (M.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.); (G.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Giuseppe Arcangeli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell’Università, 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (V.M.); (E.L.); (M.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.); (G.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Giorgia Angeloni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell’Università, 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (V.M.); (E.L.); (M.M.); (L.C.); (A.M.); (G.A.); (G.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Pekmezci GZ, Bolukbas CS. Morphological and molecular characterization of Eustrongylides excisus larvae (Nematoda: Dioctophymatidae) in Sander lucioperca (L.) from Northern Turkey. Parasitol Res 2021; 120:2269-2274. [PMID: 34002260 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07187-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The genus Eustrongylides Jägerskiöld, 1909 includes parasitic nematodes (Dioctophymatidae) affecting various fish species and piscivorous birds of freshwater ecosystems. Currently, there is little information on the molecular characterization of E. excisus based on nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA regions. However, before the present study, there had been no reports of characterizing the E. excisus using nuclear small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) genes sequences. In the present study, Eustrongylides spp. larvae were collected from pike-perch Sander lucioperca (L.) in Northern Turkey, and characterized by sequencing of ITS regions, SSU rRNA, and COI markers. Larvae herein morphologically identified as the fourth stage of Eustrongylides spp. were genetically identified as E. excisus based on the ITS sequence analysis. This study is the first record of SSU rRNA and COI sequences for E. excisus in GenBank. This is also a molecular characterization of E. excisus for the first time in Turkey. The ITS, SSU rRNA, and COI sequences of E. excisus can be used to establish the phylogenetic relationships of Eustrongylides species from Turkey and worldwide for further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gokmen Zafer Pekmezci
- Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Cenk Soner Bolukbas
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139, Samsun, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|