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Rydell A, Janson C, Lisspers K, Lin YT, Ärnlöv J. FEV 1 and FVC as robust risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality: Insights from a large population study. Respir Med 2024; 227:107614. [PMID: 38670319 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2024.107614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Data is limited on influence of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) in a large adult population, including individuals with normal spirometry at baseline. METHODS Using the UK Biobank cohort, a multivariable Cox regression analysis was conducted on 406,424 individuals to examine the association between FEV1 and FVC, categorized into three groups based on their percentage of predicted values (%pred) (≥80, 60-80 and < 60), and overall mortality, cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure over approximately 12.5 years. Moreover, a subgroup analysis was conducted on 295,459 individuals who had normal spirometry. RESULTS Reduced FEV1 and FVC %pred values were associated with an elevated risk across all studied outcomes. Individuals with the lowest FEV1 and FVC %pred values (<60 %) exhibited HR of 1.83 (95 % CI 1.74-1.93) and 1.98 (95 % CI 1.76-2.22) for overall mortality, and 1.96 (95 % CI 1.83-2.1) and 2.26 (95 % CI 1.94-2.63) for cardiovascular mortality. Moreover, a graded association was observed between lower FEV1 and FVC %pred, even among never smokers and individuals with normal spirometry at baseline. DISCUSSION Reduced FEV1 and FVC represent robust risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality. The fact that the increased risk was evident also at FEV1 and FVC levels exceeding 80 %pred challenges the contemporary classification of lung function categories and the notion that the entire FEV1- and FVC-range above 80 % of predicted represents a normal lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Rydell
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden; Centrum För Klinisk Forskning, Region Dalarna, Falun, Sweden.
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Lisspers
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yi-Ting Lin
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden; Centrum För Klinisk Forskning, Region Dalarna, Falun, Sweden; School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
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Abrar MNF, Jiang Y, Zhang H, Li L, Arshad H. Epigenetic Features in Newborns Associated with Preadolescence Lung Function and Asthma Acquisition during Adolescence. Epigenomes 2024; 8:12. [PMID: 38525738 PMCID: PMC10961756 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes8020012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The association between newborn DNA methylation (DNAm) and asthma acquisition (AA) during adolescence has been suggested. Lung function (LF) has been shown to be associated with asthma risk and its severity. However, the role of LF in the associations between DNAm and AA is unclear, and it is also unknown whether the association between DNAm and AA is consistent with that between DNAm and LF. We address this question through assessing newborn epigenetic features of preadolescence LF and of AA during adolescence, along with their biological pathways and processes. Our study's primary medical significance lies in advancing the understanding of asthma's early life origins. By investigating epigenetic markers in newborns and their association with lung function in preadolescence, we aim to uncover potential early biomarkers of asthma risk. This could facilitate earlier detection and intervention strategies. Additionally, exploring biological pathways linking early lung function to later asthma development can offer insights into the disease's pathogenesis, potentially leading to novel therapeutic targets. METHODS The study was based on the Isle of Wight Birth cohort (IOWBC). Female subjects with DNAm data at birth and with no asthma at age 10 years were included (n = 249). The R package ttScreening was applied to identify CpGs potentially associated with AA from 10 to 18 years and with LF at age 10 (FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC), respectively. Agreement in identified CpGs between AA and LF was examined, along with their biological pathways and processes via the R function gometh. We tested the findings in an independent cohort, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), to examine overall replicability. RESULTS In IOWBC, 292 CpGs were detected with DNAm associated with AA and 1517 unique CpGs for LF (514 for FEV1, 436 for FVC, 408 for FEV1/FVC), with one overlapping CpG, cg23642632 (NCKAP1) between AA and LF. Among the IOWBC-identified CpGs, we further tested in ALSPAC and observed the highest agreement between the two cohorts in FVC with respect to the direction of association and statistical significance. Epigenetic enrichment analyses indicated non-specific connections in the biological pathways and processes between AA and LF. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC (as objective measures of LF) and AA (incidence of asthma) are likely to have their own specific epigenetic features and biological pathways at birth. More replications are desirable to fully understand the complexity between DNAm, lung function, and asthma acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nahian Ferdous Abrar
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (M.N.F.A.); (Y.J.); (L.L.)
| | - Yu Jiang
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (M.N.F.A.); (Y.J.); (L.L.)
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (M.N.F.A.); (Y.J.); (L.L.)
| | - Liang Li
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (M.N.F.A.); (Y.J.); (L.L.)
| | - Hasan Arshad
- David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, Isle of Wight P030 5TG, UK;
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton S017 1BJ, UK
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Priego-Jiménez S, Cavero-Redondo I, Pascual-Morena C, Martínez-García I, Martínez-Vizcaíno V, Álvarez-Bueno C. Effect of different exercise programs on lung function in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A network meta-analysis of RCTs. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2024; 67:101792. [PMID: 38128349 DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2023.101792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has systemic consequences and causes structural abnormalities throughout the respiratory system. It is associated with a high clinical burden worldwide. AIM A network meta-analysis was performed to determine the effects of exercise programs on lung function measured by forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), FEV1 as a percentage of the predicted value (FEV1%) and forced vital capacity in people with COPD. METHODS A literature search was performed to March 2023. Randomized controlled trials on the effectiveness of exercise programs on lung function in people with COPD were included. A standard pairwise meta-analysis and a network meta-analysis for direct and indirect comparisons between intervention and control/nonintervention groups were carried out to calculate the standardized mean difference and 95 % CI. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation tool was used to assess the quality of the evidence. RESULTS 35 studies with a total sample of 2909 participants were included in this network meta-analysis. The highest standardized mean difference was for active mind body movement therapy programs versus control for FEV1 and FEV1% (0.71; 95 % CI 0.32 to1.09; and 0.36; 95 % CI 0.15 to 0.58, respectively), and pulmonary rehabilitation+active mind body movements therapies versus control for forced vital capacity (0.45; 95 % CI 0.07 to 0.84). CONCLUSIONS active mind body movement therapy programs were the most effective type of exercise program to improve lung function measured by FEV1 and FEV1%; pulmonary rehabilitation+active mind body movements therapies had the greatest effects on FVC in people with COPD. Exercise programs in which the abdominal muscles are strengthened could improve lung emptying, helping to overcome airway resistance in people with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iván Cavero-Redondo
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 340000, Chile; Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain.
| | - Carlos Pascual-Morena
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain
| | - Irene Martínez-García
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 340000, Chile; Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain
| | - Celia Álvarez-Bueno
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain; Universidad Politécnica y Artística del Paraguay, Asunción 2024, Paraguay
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Suhaimi NF, Jalaludin J, Roslan NIS. Traffic-Related Air Pollution (TRAP) in relation to respiratory symptoms and lung function of school-aged children in Kuala Lumpur. Int J Environ Health Res 2024; 34:1384-1396. [PMID: 37160687 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2211020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Traffic-Related Air Pollution (TRAP) exposure has been connected to significant health impacts among children. A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted among school children in Malaysia to determine the relationship between their exposure to TRAP and respiratory health effects. Air monitoring was conducted in schools and residences, while the children's routines were investigated using a diary of daily activities. Respondents' background and respiratory symptoms were obtained from a validated questionnaire, while a spirometry test was performed to determine their lung function status. The distances between schools and residences from the had contributed to the higher concentration of air pollutants in this study, which had associations with the children's respiratory symptoms and lung function status. PM2.5 was the main predictor influencing the respondents' respiratory symptoms and lung function abnormalities. In conclusion, exposure of school children to a high TRAP level might increase their risk of getting respiratory symptoms and lung function reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Faseeha Suhaimi
- Environmental and Occupational Health, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Juliana Jalaludin
- Environmental and Occupational Health, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Fang L, Gao R, Wang X, Zhang X, Wang Y, Liu T. Effects of coal mining and climate-environment factors on the evolution of a typical Eurasian grassland. Environ Res 2024; 244:117957. [PMID: 38128603 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Coal mining can significantly impact vegetation evolution, yet the limited information on its patterns and driving factors hampers efforts to mitigate these effects and reclaim abandoned mines. This study aimed to 1) examine vegetation evolution in a semiarid steppe watershed in northeast China; and 2) characterize the driving factors behind this evolution. We analyzed the impact of twelve selected driving factors on fractional vegetation coverage (FVC) from 2000 to 2021 using a dimidiate pixel model, Sen's slope analysis, Mann-Kendall trend test, coefficient of variation analysis, and Geodetector model. At a significance level of α = 0.05, our findings revealed a south-to-north decline pattern in FVC, a significant decrease trend in proximity to coal mines, and a notable increase trend adjacent to river channels. Approximately 37% of the watershed exhibited low FVC, while the overall temporal trend across the watershed was deemed insignificant. Areas surrounding the mines experienced a substantial reduction in FVC due to coal mining activities, while FVC variations across the watershed were linked to precipitation, temperature, and soil type. FVC predictions improved notably when interactions between multiple two-way factors were considered. Each driving factors displayed an optimal range (e.g., precipitation = 63-71 mm) for maximizing FVC. Given the study watershed's status as a national energy base, understanding vegetation responses to coal mining and climate-environment changes is crucial for sustaining fragile terrestrial ecosystems and socioeconomic development. Achieving a long-time balance between coal extraction and ecological protection is essential. The study outcomes hold significant promise for advancing ecological conservation, vegetation restoration, and mitigation of environmental degradation in semiarid regions affected by extensive coal mining and climate fluctuations. These findings contribute to the strategic management of such areas, promoting sustainable practices amidst evolving environmental challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Fang
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010018, China
| | - Ruizhong Gao
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010018, China.
| | - Xixi Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, 23529, USA
| | - Xu Zhang
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010018, China
| | - Yinlong Wang
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010018, China
| | - Tingxi Liu
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010018, China
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Parker MJS, Jee AS, Hansen D, Proudman S, Youssef P, Kenna TJ, Stevens W, Nikpour M, Sahhar J, Corte TJ. Multiple serum biomarkers associate with mortality and interstitial lung disease progression in systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2024:keae110. [PMID: 38366632 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keae110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the prognostic utility of 28 serum biomarkers in systemic sclerosis (SSc), SSc-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) and clinically relevant disease subgroups. METHODS Participants with sera, high-resolution computed tomography, and lung function within 12 months of baseline were identified from the Australian Scleroderma Cohort Study. Baseline was the time of serum collection. 27 of the prespecified 28 serum biomarkers were analysed and biomarker associations with mortality and ILD progression were investigated in univariable and multivariable analyses, including within disease subgroups and combined with established risk factors for poorer prognosis in SSc. RESULTS 407 participants were identified, 252 (61.9%) with SSc-ILD. The median follow up after biomarker measurement was 6.31 (3.11-9.22) years. 16 biomarkers were associated with increased mortality. High levels of VCAM-1 were most strongly associated with mortality (HR 3.55; 95%CI 2.37-5.33; p< 0.001). Five additional biomarkers had a HR > 2: SP-D (2.28, 1.57-3.31; p< 0.001), E-selectin (2.19; 1.53-3.14; p< 0.001), IL-6 (2.15 1.50-3.09; p< 0.001), MMP3 (1.42-2.95; p< 0.001) and ET-1 (2.03, 1.40-2.92; p< 0.001). 11 biomarkers were independently associated with mortality following adjustment for sex, age and baseline forced vital capacity (FVC%predicted). Three biomarkers were associated with ILD progression at one year follow up: CXCL4 (OR 2.67, 1.46-4.88; p= 0.001), MMP-1 (2.56, 1.43-4.59; p= 0.002) and ET-1 (2.18, 1.24-3.83; p= 0.007). CONCLUSION Multiple biomarkers, especially VCAM-1, E-Selectin, SP-D and CXCL4, provide prognostic utility beyond that of established risk factors for patients with SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattthew James Sinclair Parker
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Rheumatology Department, RPA Institute for Academic Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis, Sydney, Australia
| | - Adelle S Jee
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Dylan Hansen
- Department of Rheumatology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Susanna Proudman
- Rheumatology Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Peter Youssef
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Rheumatology Department, RPA Institute for Academic Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tony J Kenna
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Wendy Stevens
- Department of Rheumatology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mandana Nikpour
- Department of Rheumatology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joanne Sahhar
- Department of Rheumatology, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tamera J Corte
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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Hazlehurst MF, Dearborn LC, Sherris AR, Loftus CT, Adgent MA, Szpiro AA, Ni Y, Day DB, Kaufman JD, Thakur N, Wright RJ, Sathyanarayana S, Carroll KN, Moore PE, Karr CJ. Long-term ozone exposure and lung function in middle childhood. Environ Res 2024; 241:117632. [PMID: 37967704 PMCID: PMC11067856 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ozone (O3) exposure interrupts normal lung development in animal models. Epidemiologic evidence further suggests impairment with higher long-term O3 exposure across early and middle childhood, although study findings to date are mixed and few have investigated vulnerable subgroups. METHODS Participants from the CANDLE study, a pregnancy cohort in Shelby County, TN, in the ECHO-PATHWAYS Consortium, were included if children were born at gestational age >32 weeks, completed a spirometry exam at age 8-9, and had a valid residential history from birth to age 8. We estimated lifetime average ambient O3 exposure based on each child's residential history from birth to age 8, using a validated fine-resolution spatiotemporal model. Spirometry was performed at the age 8-9 year study visit to assess Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV1) and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) as primary outcomes; z-scores were calculated using sex-and-age-specific reference equations. Linear regression with robust variance estimators was used to examine associations between O3 exposure and continuous lung function z-scores, adjusted for child, sociodemographic, and home environmental factors. Potential susceptible subgroups were explored using a product term in the regression model to assess effect modification by child sex, history of bronchiolitis in infancy, and allergic sensitization. RESULTS In our sample (n = 648), O3 exposure averaged from birth to age 8 was modest (mean 26.6 [SD 1.1] ppb). No adverse associations between long-term postnatal O3 exposure were observed with either FEV1 (β = 0.12, 95% CI: -0.04, 0.29) or FVC (β = 0.03, 95% CI: -0.13, 0.19). No effect modification by child sex, history of bronchiolitis in infancy, or allergic sensitization was detected for associations with 8-year average O3. CONCLUSIONS In this sample with low O3 concentrations, we did not observe adverse associations between O3 exposures averaged from birth to age 8 and lung function in middle childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marnie F Hazlehurst
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Logan C Dearborn
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Allison R Sherris
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christine T Loftus
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Margaret A Adgent
- Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Adam A Szpiro
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yu Ni
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; School of Public Health, College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Drew B Day
- Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development of Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joel D Kaufman
- Departments of Epidemiology and of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Neeta Thakur
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rosalind J Wright
- Departments of Pediatrics and of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, and Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kecia N Carroll
- Departments of Pediatrics and of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul E Moore
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Catherine J Karr
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Kouhestani F, Hassanzad M, Baniasadi S. Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Nebulized Gentamicin Plus Amikacin versus Tobramycin in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis. Curr Drug Saf 2024; 19:82-87. [PMID: 36852787 DOI: 10.2174/1574886318666230228120550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease that causes respiratory tract infection. These patients use nebulized antibiotics such as tobramycin and gentamicin plus amikacin. Due to the high price of tobramycin and the inaccessibility of this drug in Iran at different periods, we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of nebulized plus amikacin and tobramycin in patients with cystic fibrosis. METHODS In this analytic cross-sectional study, data were collected from the records of all patients with cystic fibrosis. They were divided into two groups by their type of nebulized antibiotic. Group 1 included 41 patients who received 80 mg gentamicin and 500 mg amikacin as a nebulized antibiotic every other month, whereas, group 2 consisted of 9 patients who received 300 mg nebulized tobramycin. Collected data were pulmonary function parameters, body mass index, the frequency of hospitalization, infection progress, Shwachman-Kulczycki score, and renal complications. The data were compared in terms of efficacy and renal adverse effects by independent t-test and repeated measure ANOVA. RESULTS A total of 50 cystic fibrosis patients were evaluated and there was no significant difference between group 1 and group 2 in terms of pulmonary function, frequency of hospitalizations, body mass index, Shwachman-Kulczycki score, infection progress, and renal complications. Notably, pulmonary function factors were reduced in both groups over time during their treatment. CONCLUSION Nebulized tobramycin and gentamicin plus amikacin had similar efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis and had no serious renal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Kouhestani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hassanzad
- Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shadi Baniasadi
- Tracheal Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Murrieta-Álvarez I, A Fernández-Gutiérrez J, A Pérez C, León-Peña AA, Reyes-Cisneros ÓA, Benítez-Salazar JM, Sánchez-Bonilla D, Olivares-Gazca JC, Fernández-Lara D, Pérez-Padilla R, Ruiz-Delgado GJ, Ruiz-Argüelles GJ. Impaired lung function in multiple sclerosis: a single-center observational study in 371 persons. Neurol Sci 2023; 44:4429-4439. [PMID: 37410269 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06914-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abnormal lung function in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) could be considered as the result of muscle weakness or MS-specific structural central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities as a precipitant factor for the worsening of motor impairment or cognitive symptoms. METHODS This is a cross-sectional observational study in PwMS. Forced spirometry was conducted, and normative metrics of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), and the relation FEV1/FVC were calculated. Qualitative and quantitative brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations were carried out. RESULTS A total of 371 PwMS were included in the study. Of those, 196 (53%) had RRMS, 92 (25%) SPMS, and 83 (22%) PPMS. Low FVC and FEV1 was present in 16 (8%), 16 (19%), and 23 (25%) of the patients in the RRMS, PPMS, and SPMS, respectively. PwMS with T2-FLAIR lesions involving the corpus callosum (CC) had a significantly higher frequency of abnormally low FVC and FEV1 (OR 3.62; 95% CI 1.33-9.83; p = 0.012) than patients without lesions in that region. This association remained significant in the RRMS group (OR 10.1; 95% CI 1.3-67.8; p 0.031) when the model excluded PPMS and SPMS. According to our study, for every increase of 1 z score of FVC, we observed an increase of 0.25 cm3 of hippocampal volume (β 0.25; 95% CI 0.03-0.47; p 0.023) and 0.43 cm3 of left hippocampus volume (β 0.43; 95% CI 0.16-0.71; p 0.002). CONCLUSIONS We observed an incremental prevalence of abnormally low pulmonary function tests that parallels a sequence from more early relapsing courses to long-standing progressive courses (RRMS to PPMS or SPMS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Murrieta-Álvarez
- Clínica Ruiz, Centro de Hematología y Medicina Interna, Puebla, México
- Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, Puebla, México
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - José A Fernández-Gutiérrez
- Clínica Ruiz, Centro de Hematología y Medicina Interna, Puebla, México
- Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, Puebla, México
| | | | | | - Óscar A Reyes-Cisneros
- Clínica Ruiz, Centro de Hematología y Medicina Interna, Puebla, México
- Universidad Anáhuac Puebla, Tlaxcalancingo, México
| | - José M Benítez-Salazar
- Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, Puebla, México
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniela Sánchez-Bonilla
- Clínica Ruiz, Centro de Hematología y Medicina Interna, Puebla, México
- Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, Puebla, México
| | | | | | | | - Guillermo J Ruiz-Delgado
- Clínica Ruiz, Centro de Hematología y Medicina Interna, Puebla, México
- Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, Puebla, México
- Laboratorios Ruiz SYNLAB, Puebla, México
| | - Guillermo J Ruiz-Argüelles
- Clínica Ruiz, Centro de Hematología y Medicina Interna, Puebla, México.
- Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, Puebla, México.
- Laboratorios Ruiz SYNLAB, Puebla, México.
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Vicino A, Bello L, Bonanno S, Govoni A, Cerri F, Ferraro M, Capece G, Gadaleta G, Meneri M, Vacchiano V, Ricci G, D'Errico E, Tramacere I, Banfi P, Bortolani S, Zanin R, Maioli MA, Silvestrini M, Previtali SC, Berardinelli A, Turri M, Coccia M, Mantegazza R, Liguori R, Filosto M, Siciliano G, Simone IL, Mongini T, Comi G, Pegoraro E, Maggi L. Respiratory function in a large cohort of treatment-naïve adult spinal muscular atrophy patients: a cross-sectional study. Neuromuscul Disord 2023; 33:911-916. [PMID: 37945485 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Due to poor data in literature, we aimed to investigate the respiratory function in a large cohort of naïve Italian adult (≥18 years) SMA patients in a multi-centric cross-sectional study. The following respiratory parameters were considered: forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and need for non-invasive ventilation (NIV). We included 145 treatment-naïve adult patients (SMA2=18, SMA3=125; SMA4=2), 58 females (40 %), with median age at evaluation of 37 years (range 18-72). Fifty-six (37 %) and 41 (31 %) patients had abnormal (<80 %) values of FVC and FEV1, respectively. Fourteen (14 %) patients needed NIV, started at median age of 21 (range 4-68). Motor function, measured by Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Expanded and Revised Upper Limb Module as well as SMA2, loss of walking ability, surgery for scoliosis, use of NIV, and cough assisting device (CAD) were all significantly associated to lower FVC and FEV1 values, while no association with age at baseline, disease duration, gender or 6 min walking test was observed, except for a correlation between FVC and age in SMA3 walkers (p < 0.05). In conclusion, respiratory function in adult SMA patients is relatively frequently impaired, substantially stable, and significantly correlated with motor function and disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Vicino
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Disease Unit, Foundation IRCCS Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Via Celoria 11, Milano 20133, Italy; Nerve-Muscle Unit, Neurology Service, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Bello
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Bonanno
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Disease Unit, Foundation IRCCS Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Via Celoria 11, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Alessandra Govoni
- Neuromuscular and Rare Disease Unit, La Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore di Milano Policlinico, Milano, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federica Cerri
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology & INSPE, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Manfredi Ferraro
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Giuliana Capece
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulio Gadaleta
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Megi Meneri
- Neuromuscular and Rare Disease Unit, La Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore di Milano Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Veria Vacchiano
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Ricci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Eustachio D'Errico
- Neurology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Irene Tramacere
- Department of Research and Clinical Development, Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Paolo Banfi
- Heart-Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Bortolani
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Riccardo Zanin
- Developmental Neurology, Foundation IRCCS Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Silvestrini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Universita Politecnica delle Marche Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Ancona, Italy; Department of Neurological Sciences, AOU Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefano Carlo Previtali
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology & INSPE, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Angela Berardinelli
- Department of Child Neuropsychiatry, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Nazionale C Mondino Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mara Turri
- Department of Neurology/Stroke Unit, Bolzano Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Michela Coccia
- Department of Neurological Sciences, AOU Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - Renato Mantegazza
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Disease Unit, Foundation IRCCS Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Via Celoria 11, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Rocco Liguori
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Filosto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Italy; NeMO-Brescia Clinical Center for Neuromuscular Diseases, Brescia, Italy
| | - Gabriele Siciliano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Isabella Laura Simone
- Neurology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy; School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Tiziana Mongini
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Giacomo Comi
- Neuromuscular and Rare Disease Unit, La Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore di Milano Policlinico, Milano, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Dino Ferrari Centre, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Pegoraro
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Maggi
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Disease Unit, Foundation IRCCS Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Via Celoria 11, Milano 20133, Italy.
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Zhao J, Li J, Liu Q, Dong Y, Li L, Zhang H. Assessment of Forest Ecosystem Variations in the Lancang-Mekong Region by Remote Sensing from 2010 to 2020. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:9038. [PMID: 38005426 PMCID: PMC10675670 DOI: 10.3390/s23229038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Five countries in the Lancang-Mekong region, including Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam, are facing the threat of deforestation, despite having a high level of forest coverage. Quantitatively assessing the forest ecosystem status and its variations based on remote sensing products for vegetation parameters is a crucial prerequisite for the ongoing phase of our future project. In this study, we analyzed forest health in the year 2020 using four vegetation indicators: forest coverage index (FCI), leaf area index (LAI), fraction of green vegetation cover (FVC), and gross primary productivity (GPP). Additionally, we introduced an ecosystem quality index (EQI) to assess the quality of forest health. To understand the long-term trends in the vegetation indicators and EQI, we also performed a linear regression analysis from 2010 to 2020. The results revealed that Laos ranked as the top-performing country for forest ecosystem status in the Lancang-Mekong region in 2020. However, the long-term trend analysis results showed that Cambodia experienced the most significant decline across all indicators, while Vietnam and Thailand demonstrated varying degrees of improvement. This study provides a quality assessment of forest health and its variations in the Lancang-Mekong region, which is crucial for implementing effective conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (J.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.D.); (L.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (J.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.D.); (L.L.); (H.Z.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qinhuo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (J.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.D.); (L.L.); (H.Z.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yadong Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (J.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.D.); (L.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (J.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.D.); (L.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (J.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.D.); (L.L.); (H.Z.)
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12
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Cestelli L, Gulsvik A, Johannessen A, Stavem K, Nielsen R. Reduced lung function and cause-specific mortality: A population-based study of Norwegian men followed for 26 years. Respir Med 2023; 219:107421. [PMID: 37776914 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Reduced lung function is associated with increased mortality, but it is unclear how different spirometric patterns are related to specific deaths. Aim of this study was to investigate these associations in a large general population cohort. METHODS The study population consisted of 26,091 men aged 30-46 years from the Pneumoconiosis Survey of Western Norway conducted in 1988-1990 with follow-up on date and cause of death for 26 years. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the association between baseline FEV1, FVC, obstructive (OSP) and restrictive spirometric pattern (RSP) (z-scores calculated according to GLI-2012 equations) and mortality (European 2012 shortlist classification (E-2012)), after adjustment for age, body mass index, smoking habits, and education. RESULTS In total, 2462 (9%) subjects died. A predominant reduction of FEV1 (and OSP) were associated with respiratory non-cancer (E-8) (HR for one unit FEV1 z-score decrease 2.29 (95% CI 1.90, 2.77) and lung cancer mortality (E-2.1.8) (1.27(1.12, 1.44)). A similar reduction of FEV1 and FVC (and RSP) were associated with diabetes (E-4.1) (FEV1 2.21(1.67, 2.92), FVC 2.41(1.75, 3.32)), cerebrovascular (E-7.3) (1.52(1.21, 1.91), 1.54(1.19, 1.98)), ischemic heart disease (E-7.1) (1.22(1.10, 1.35), 1.21(1.08, 1.36)), neurological (E-6.3) (1.56(1.21, 2.01), 1.61(1.22, 2.13)), suicide (E-17.2) (1.37(1.13, 1.65), 1.29(1.04, 1.59)) and hematological cancer mortality (E-2.1.19-21) (1.29(1.05, 1.58), (1.26(1.00, 1.58)). No association was found between reduced lung function and mortality due to accidents, alcohol abuse, digestive and genitourinary cancer. CONCLUSIONS Spirometric obstruction was mainly related to pulmonary mortality. Spirometric restriction was mainly related to extra-pulmonary mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Cestelli
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Amund Gulsvik
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ane Johannessen
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Knut Stavem
- Pulmonary Department, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Health Services Research Unit, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Rune Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Thoracic Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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13
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Almaasfeh S, Abukonna A, Omer S, Osman H. Evaluation of Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second and Forced Vital Capacity from Age and Height for Pulmonary Function Test. West Afr J Med 2023; 40:1029-1034. [PMID: 37906250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung function tests (LFTs) are a collection of clinical examinations used to assess lung function and monitor potential declines in the lungs, respiratory muscles, and chest wall's mechanical performance. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the relation of age and height to lung function. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was conducted at AlHussein Medical City, 70 adult male subjects were enrolled in the study. All subjects were screened physically to ensure that they were normal and there were no respiratory disorders that could affect the lung function. Age and height were taken for these subjects, forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1 (Forced expiratory volume in first second) as well as FEV1 /FVC ratio were measured. RESULTS The results of the study showed that the average values of FVC and FEV1 were 4.75 and 3.88 respectively. There was a significant negative correlation observed between age and FVC (r=0.48), FEV1 (r= 0.6). Also there was a significant positive correlation noticed between Height and FVC (r = 0.62), FEV1 (r =0.69). There was a very high correlation evidenced between FEV1 and FVC, the relation between FEV1 and FVC is practically height and age-independent. CONCLUSION Our study highlights a great interest in the study of the relation between age, height, and lung function. The study also creates simple and convenience equations that can be used for reference standards in clinical practice to give reasonable theoretical values for a large sector of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Almaasfeh
- Al - Hussein bin Talal University, Princess Aisha Bint Al- Hussein College of Nursing and Health Science- Ma'an Jordan
| | - A Abukonna
- Sudan University of Science and Technology, College of Medical Radiologic Science - Khartoum Sudan
| | - S Omer
- Sudan University of Science and Technology, College of Medical Radiologic Science - Khartoum Sudan
| | - H Osman
- College of Applied Medical Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Valentino MR, Annunziata A, Atripaldi L, Fiorentino G. An unusual way to improve lung function in congenital myopathies: the power of singing. Acta Myol 2023; 42:86-88. [PMID: 38090546 PMCID: PMC10712659 DOI: 10.36185/2532-1900-357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Congenital myopathies (CMs) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by early onset weakness, hypotonia and characteristic structural abnormalities in muscle fibres. Hypotonia and weakness can be present at birth or appear in infancy, and a static or slowly progressive clinical course may present with muscle weakness, loss of spontaneous movement, involuntary muscle activity, and muscle atrophy. Often patients develop a restrictive syndrome and respiratory failure and require respiratory support In our case, we described lung improvement and respiratory muscle training due to singing in a young patient, affected by CMs with a poor adherence to non-invasive mechanical ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Annunziata
- UOC Malattie, Fisiopatologia e Riabilitazione dell’Apparato Respiratorio, Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
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15
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Ekman J, Quartey P, Ussif AM, Ricklund N, Egbenya DL, Wiafe GA, Tsegah KM, Karikari A, Löfstedt H, Djankpa FT. Dynamics of pre-shift and post-shift lung function parameters among wood workers in Ghana. Ann Occup Environ Med 2023; 35:e39. [PMID: 37928378 PMCID: PMC10621010 DOI: 10.35371/aoem.2023.35.e39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diseases affecting the lungs and airways contribute significantly to the global burden of disease. The problem in low- and middle-income countries appears to be exacerbated by a shift in global manufacturing base to these countries and inadequate enforcement of environmental and safety standards. In Ghana, the potential adverse effects on respiratory function associated with occupational wood dust exposure have not been thoroughly investigated. Methods Sixty-four male sawmill workers and 64 non-woodworkers participated in this study. The concentration of wood dust exposure, prevalence and likelihood of association of respiratory symptoms with wood dust exposure and changes in pulmonary function test (PFT) parameters in association with wood dust exposure were determined from dust concentration measurements, symptoms questionnaire and lung function test parameters. Results Sawmill workers were exposed to inhalable dust concentration of 3.09 ± 0.04 mg/m3 but did not use respirators and engaged in personal grooming habits that are known to increase dust inhalation. The sawmill operators also showed higher prevalence and likelihoods of association with respiratory symptoms, a significant cross-shift decline in some PFT parameters and a shift towards a restrictive pattern of lung dysfunction by end of daily shift. The before-shift PFT parameters of woodworkers were comparable to those of non-woodworkers, indicating a lack of chronic effects of wood dust exposure. Conclusions Wood dust exposure at the study site was associated with acute respiratory symptoms and acute changes in some PFT parameters. This calls for institution and enforcement of workplace and environmental safety policies to minimise exposure at sawmill operating sites, and ultimately, decrease the burden of respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Ekman
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Philip Quartey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Abdala Mumuni Ussif
- Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Niklas Ricklund
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Business, Science and Engineering, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Daniel Lawer Egbenya
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Gideon Akuamoah Wiafe
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Korantema Mawuena Tsegah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Akua Karikari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Håkan Löfstedt
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Francis Tanam Djankpa
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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Abi-Ayad M, Nedjar I, Chabni N. Association between 25-hydroxy vitamin D and lung function (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC) in children and adults with asthma: A systematic review. Lung India 2023; 40:449-456. [PMID: 37787360 PMCID: PMC10553772 DOI: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_213_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that poses significant individual, social, financial and healthcare burdens. Physicians and researchers have recommended 25-hydroxy vitamin D supplementation, in combination with prescribed medication, as a potential means of reducing asthma severity. This systematic review focuses on the association between 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and lung function in both children and adults with asthma. We identified published work by searching MEDLINE via PubMed, using regular search terms related to 25-hydroxy vitamin D and asthma. Fourteen studies were screened out of 643 eligible citations from MEDLINE research that involved 65 children and 951 adults. A strong positive association was observed in four studies, whereas five showed a moderate association, and two had no correlation. The majority of studies found a negative correlation between 25-hydroxy vitamin D deficiency and mild, uncontrolled and partly controlled asthma. 25-hydroxy vitamin D 25 OH values were below 20 ng/ml in the majority of studies, and those with uncontrolled severe asthma showed the lowest values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Imane Nedjar
- First Cycle Department, Higher School of Applied Sciences of Tlemcen, Algeria
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, University of Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Nafissa Chabni
- Epidemiology Department, University-Hospital of Tlemcen, Algeria
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17
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Markevych I, Zhao T, Fuertes E, Marcon A, Dadvand P, Vienneau D, Garcia Aymerich J, Nowak D, de Hoogh K, Jarvis D, Abramson MJ, Accordini S, Amaral AF, Bentouhami H, Jacobsen Bertelsen R, Boudier A, Bono R, Bowatte G, Casas L, Dharmage SC, Forsberg B, Gislason T, Gnesi M, Holm M, Jacquemin B, Janson C, Jogi R, Johannessen A, Keidel D, Leynaert B, Maldonado Perez JA, Marchetti P, Migliore E, Martínez-Moratalla J, Orru H, Pin I, Potts J, Probst-Hensch N, Ranzi A, Sánchez-Ramos JL, Siroux V, Soussan D, Sunyer J, Urrutia Landa I, Villani S, Heinrich J. Residential greenspace and lung function decline over 20 years in a prospective cohort: The ECRHS study. Environ Int 2023; 178:108036. [PMID: 37336027 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The few studies that have examined associations between greenspace and lung function in adulthood have yielded conflicting results and none have examined whether the rate of lung function decline is affected. OBJECTIVE We explored the association between residential greenspace and change in lung function over 20 years in 5559 adults from 22 centers in 11 countries participating in the population-based, international European Community Respiratory Health Survey. METHODS Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were measured by spirometry when participants were approximately 35 (1990-1994), 44 (1999-2003), and 55 (2010-2014) years old. Greenness was assessed as the mean Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in 500 m, 300 m, and 100 m circular buffers around the residential addresses at the time of lung function measurement. Green spaces were defined as the presence of agricultural, natural, or urban green spaces in a circular 300 m buffer. Associations of these greenspace parameters with the rate of lung function change were assessed using adjusted linear mixed effects regression models with random intercepts for subjects nested within centers. Sensitivity analyses considered air pollution exposures. RESULTS A 0.2-increase (average interquartile range) in NDVI in the 500 m buffer was consistently associated with a faster decline in FVC (-1.25 mL/year [95% confidence interval: -2.18 to -0.33]). These associations were especially pronounced in females and those living in areas with low PM10 levels. We found no consistent associations with FEV1 and the FEV1/FVC ratio. Residing near forests or urban green spaces was associated with a faster decline in FEV1, while agricultural land and forests were related to a greater decline in FVC. CONCLUSIONS More residential greenspace was not associated with better lung function in middle-aged European adults. Instead, we observed slight but consistent declines in lung function parameters. The potentially detrimental association requires verification in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iana Markevych
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tianyu Zhao
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Elaine Fuertes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK; MRC Centre for Environment & Health, London, UK
| | - Alessandro Marcon
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Payam Dadvand
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Danielle Vienneau
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Judith Garcia Aymerich
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dennis Nowak
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Deborah Jarvis
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK; MRC Centre for Environment & Health, London, UK
| | - Michael J Abramson
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Simone Accordini
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Andre Fs Amaral
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Hayat Bentouhami
- Social Epidemiology and Health Policy, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Randi Jacobsen Bertelsen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anne Boudier
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to the Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; Pediatric Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Roberto Bono
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Gayan Bowatte
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Faculty of Allied Health, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka; National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | - Lidia Casas
- Social Epidemiology and Health Policy, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Institute for Environment and Sustainable Development (IMDO), University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bertil Forsberg
- Section of Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Thorarinn Gislason
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Sleep, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Marco Gnesi
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mathias Holm
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Benedicte Jacquemin
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rain Jogi
- Lung Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ane Johannessen
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Dirk Keidel
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Benedicte Leynaert
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm, Center for Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP) - Integrative Respiratory Epidemiology Team, 94807 Villejuif, France
| | | | - Pierpaolo Marchetti
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Enrica Migliore
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO), Turin, Italy
| | | | - Hans Orru
- Section of Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Isabelle Pin
- Pediatric Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France; CHU de Grenoble Alpes, Department of Pédiatrie, Inserm, Grenoble, France
| | - James Potts
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Ranzi
- Centre for Environmental Health and Prevention, Regional Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy of Emilia-Romagna, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Valerie Siroux
- Pediatric Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - David Soussan
- Paris Diderot University, Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France; Laboratory of Excellence, INFLAMEX, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité and DHU FIRE, Paris, France
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Simona Villani
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany; Allergy and Lung Health Unit, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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18
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Chen K, Aglan M, Purcell A, Nurhussien L, Koutrakis P, Coull BA, Synn A, Rice MB. Physical Activity, Air Pollution Exposure, and Lung Function Interactions Among Adults with COPD. Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis 2023; 10:170-177. [PMID: 36976544 PMCID: PMC10392874 DOI: 10.15326/jcopdf.2022.0385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Rationale Although physical activity is strongly encouraged for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), it is unknown if physical activity affects daily exposure to air pollution, or whether it attenuates or exacerbates the effects of pollution on the airways among adults with COPD. Methods Thirty former smokers with moderate-to-severe COPD in Boston were followed for 4 non-consecutive months in different seasons. We assessed daily lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1] and forced vital capacity [FVC]), prior-day personal pollutant exposure measured by portable air quality monitors (fine particulate matter [PM2.5] nitrogen oxide [NO2], and ozone [O3]), and daily step count. We constructed multi-level linear mixed-effects models with random intercepts for person and person-observation month, adjusting for demographic/seasonal covariates to test if step count was associated with daily pollution exposure, and if associations between prior-day pollution and lung function differed based on prior-day step count. Where effect modification was found, we performed stratified analyses by tertile of step count. Results Higher daily step count was associated with higher same-day personal exposure to PM2.5, and O3 but not NO2. Each interquartile range (IQR) increment in step count was associated with 0.97 µg/m3 (95%CI: 0.30, 1.64) higher exposure to PM2.5 and 0.15 parts per billion (95% CI: -0.05, 0.35) higher exposure to O3 in adjusted models. We observed an interaction between prior-day NO2 and step count on FEV1 and FVC (Pinteraction<0.05) in which the negative associations between NO2 and lung function were reduced or absent at higher levels of daily activity. For example, FEV1 was 28.5mL (95%CI: -41.0, -15.9) lower per IQR of NO2 in the lowest tertile of step count, but there was no association in the highest tertile of step count (-1.6mL, 95% CI: -18.4, 15.2). Conclusions Higher physical activity was associated with modestly higher daily exposure to PM2.5 and O3 and may attenuate the association between NO2 exposure and lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Chen
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- * Affiliation at the time of study
| | - Mostafa Aglan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- * Affiliation at the time of study
| | - Alexandra Purcell
- Harvard College, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Lina Nurhussien
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- * Affiliation at the time of study
| | - Petros Koutrakis
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Brent A. Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Andrew Synn
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Mary B. Rice
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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19
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Holas P, Figueira-Putresza E, Domagala-Kulawik J. Coping styles with stress and its relations to psychiatric and clinical symptoms in patients with sarcoidosis: A latent profile analysis. Respir Med 2023; 211:107171. [PMID: 36906186 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although stress and styles of coping with it can have a major impact on one's health and can determine the course and management of chronic diseases, no previous studies have evaluated coping strategies and their relation to emotional distress and clinical symptoms in sarcoidosis. METHODS In two consecutive studies, we investigated differences in coping styles of sarcoidosis patients in comparison to healthy control subjects and the association of identified profiles to an objective measurement of disease (Forced Vital Capacity) and symptoms such as dyspnoea, pain, anxiety and depressive symptoms in 36 patients with sarcoidosis (study 1) and 93 patients with sarcoidosis (study 2). RESULTS Across two studies we found that patients with sarcoidosis used emotion-focused and avoidant coping significantly less often than healthy individuals, and that in both groups the profile with dominant problem (task)-focus style was the most beneficial in terms of mental health. Further, the profile of sarcoidosis patients characterized by the lowest intensity of all coping strategies was found to be superior in terms of physical health status (dyspnoe, pain and FVC level). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that successful management of sarcoidosis should include coping styles assessment and call for a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosis and treatment of sarcoidosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Holas
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Psychology, Poland.
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20
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Najman JM, Bell S, Williams GM, Clavarino AM, Scott JG, McGee TR, Mamun AA. Do tobacco and cannabis use and co-use predict lung function: A longitudinal study. Respir Med 2023; 208:107124. [PMID: 36682602 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Use of tobacco and cannabis is common and has been reported to predict lung function. Less is known about co-use of tobacco and cannabis and their impact on changes in lung function to early adulthood. RESEARCH QUESTION The study examines whether cigarette smoking or cannabis use and co-use are each associated with lung function in a population sample of young adults. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Data are from a prospective cohort study of cigarette smoking, cannabis use and co-use at 21 and 30 years of age and lung function (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC) measured at 30 years. Lung function results are transformed using Global Lung Function Formulae. Subjects are the children of pregnant women who were recruited into the cohort study over the period 1981-3. Respondents were administered a spirometry assessment at 21 and 30 years of age. These respondents completed a smoking and cannabis use questionnaire at 21- and 30-year follow-ups. RESULTS Cigarette smoking (with or without cannabis use) is associated with reduced airflow. There is no consistent association between cannabis use and measures of lung function. The co-use of tobacco and cannabis appears to entail no additional risk to lung function beyond the risks associated with tobacco use alone. INTERPRETATION Persistent cigarette smoking is associated with reduced airflow even in young adults. Cannabis use does not appear to be related to lung function even after years of use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake M Najman
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, 266 Herston Road, Herston, Qld, 4006, Australia.
| | - Scott Bell
- Children's Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Graham Road, South Brisbane, Qld, 4101, Australia
| | - Gail M Williams
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, 266 Herston Road, Herston, Qld, 4006, Australia
| | - Alexandra M Clavarino
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, 266 Herston Road, Herston, Qld, 4006, Australia
| | - James G Scott
- Child & Youth Mental Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Qld, 4006, Australia
| | - Tara R McGee
- School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Griffith University, 176 Messines Ridge Road, Mount Gravatt, Qld, 4122, Australia
| | - Abdullah A Mamun
- UQ Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, The University of Queensland, 74 High Street, Toowong, Qld, 4066, Australia
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21
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Zhang Q, Chen Y, Li Z, Sun C, Xiang Y, Liu Z. Spatio-Temporal Development of Vegetation Carbon Sinks and Sources in the Arid Region of Northwest China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:3608. [PMID: 36834302 PMCID: PMC9966209 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Drylands, which account for 41% of Earth's land surface and are home to more than two billion people, play an important role in the global carbon balance. This study analyzes the spatio-temporal patterns of vegetation carbon sinks and sources in the arid region of northwest China (NWC), using the net ecosystem production (NEP) through the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford approach (CASA). It quantitatively evaluates regional ecological security over a 20-year period (2000-2020) via a remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) and other ecological indexes, such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), fraction of vegetation cover (FVC), net primary productivity (NPP), and land use. The results show that the annual average carbon capacity of vegetation in NWC changed from carbon sources to carbon sinks, and the vegetation NEP increased at a rate of 1.98 gC m-2 yr-1 from 2000 to 2020. Spatially, the annual NEP in northern Xinjiang (NXJ), southern Xinjiang (SXJ) and Hexi Corridor (HX) increased at even faster rates of 2.11, 2.22, and 1.98 gC m-2 yr-1, respectively. Obvious geographically heterogeneous distributions and changes occurred in vegetation carbon sinks and carbon sources. Some 65.78% of the vegetation areas in NWC were carbon sources during 2000-2020, which were concentrated in the plains, and SXJ, the majority carbon sink areas are located in the mountains. The vegetation NEP in the plains exhibited a positive trend (1.21 gC m-2 yr-1) during 2000-2020, but this speed has slowed since 2010. The vegetation NEP in the mountain exhibited only intermittent changes (2.55 gC m-2 yr-1) during 2000-2020; it exhibited a negative trend during 2000-2010, but this trend has reversed strongly since 2010. The entire ecological security of NWC was enhanced during the study period. Specifically, the RSEI increased from 0.34 to 0.49, the NDVI increased by 0.03 (17.65%), the FVC expanded by 19.56%, and the NPP increased by 27.44%. Recent positive trends in NDVI, FVC and NPP have enhanced the capacity of vegetation carbon sinks, and improved the eco-environment of NWC. The scientific outcomes of this study are of great importance for maintaining ecological stability and sustainable economic development along China's Silk Road Economic Belt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifei Zhang
- School of Geographical Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Research Center of Ecology and Environment in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Yaning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Congjian Sun
- School of Geographical Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Research Center of Ecology and Environment in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Yanyun Xiang
- School of Public Administration, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- School of Geographical Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China
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Platenburg MGJP, van der Vis JJ, Grutters JC, van Moorsel CHM. Decreased Survival and Lung Function in Progressive Pulmonary Fibrosis. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:medicina59020296. [PMID: 36837496 PMCID: PMC9962949 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) is a recently described term reserved for patients with fibrotic ILD other than idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) with fast clinical deterioration. Here, survival and prognostic biomarkers at the time of diagnosis for PPF are investigated in a fibrotic ILD other than IPF cohort (non-IPF). Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed during the period of 2012-2018 at the ILD Center of Excellence (St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands) with a fibrotic ILD were included in this study. The presence of PPF was investigated using the criteria from the updated IPF/PPF guideline during the first year after diagnosis. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk factors for PPF. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis with log-rank test was conducted to analyze survival in patients with and without PPF. Results: This study included 304 non-IPF patients and, for comparison, 379 IPF patients. In non-IPF patients, 146 (46%) fulfilled ≥2 criteria for PPF. These patients had a median transplant-free survival rate of 2.9 ± 0.4 years, which was worse than non-IPF patients without PPF (10.1 ± 1.8 years, p < 0.001). The risk for PPF was increased in patients with FVC < 50% (odds ratio (OR) of 2.50, 95% CI = 1.01-6.17, p = 0.047) or DLCOc ≤ 35% (OR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.24-5.35, p = 0.011). In the first 3 years after diagnosis, survival in PPF and IPF is the same, while in the following years IPF has a significantly worse survival. Conclusions: The non-IPF cohort with PPF had a significantly worse transplant-free survival compared with the non-IPF cohort without PPF. Independent risk factors for PPF in non-IPF were FVC < 50% and DLCOc ≤ 35%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark G. J. P. Platenburg
- Interstitial Lung Diseases Center of Excellence, Department of Pulmonology, St Antonius Hospital, 3435 CM Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-88-320-3000; Fax: +31-088-3207081
| | - Joanne J. van der Vis
- Interstitial Lung Diseases Center of Excellence, Department of Pulmonology, St Antonius Hospital, 3435 CM Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, St Antonius Hospital, 3435 CM Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Jan C. Grutters
- Interstitial Lung Diseases Center of Excellence, Department of Pulmonology, St Antonius Hospital, 3435 CM Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
- Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Coline H. M. van Moorsel
- Interstitial Lung Diseases Center of Excellence, Department of Pulmonology, St Antonius Hospital, 3435 CM Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
- Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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23
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Tian T, Jiang X, Qin R, Ding Y, Yu C, Xu X, Song C. Effect of Smoking on Lung Function Decline in a Retrospective Study of a Health Examination Population in Chinese Males. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 9:843162. [PMID: 36687452 PMCID: PMC9853193 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.843162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective China has established a goal of reducing adult smoking prevalence from 27.7% to 20% by 2030. Understanding the possible ongoing impairment in lung function in smokers, is critically important to encourage the populations to change their smoking behavior. Methods A total of 14,273 males joined the health examination at Huadong Sanatorium from Jan 2012 to Dec 2019 were included. In cross-sectional analysis, we used multiple linear regression to evaluate the association between baseline lung function and smoking status. Then, 3,558 males who received ≥2 spirometry exams were analyzed in longitudinal study. Annual lung function decline was compared using mixed linear models adjusted for confounders. Results In cross-sectional analysis, compared with never-smokers, decreases of -133.56 mL (95% CI: -167.27, -99.85) and -51.44 mL (-69.62, -33.26) in FEV1, -1.48% (-1.94, -1.02) and -1.29% (-1.53, -1.04) in FEV1/FVC were observed in former and current smokers. In longitudinal analysis, significant declines were observed in FEV1 [5.04 (2.30, 7.78) mL] and FEV1/FVC [0.09 (0.05, 0.13) %] in current smokers but not observed in former smokers after adjustment. Participants with long duration of smoking cessation had decelerate lung function than short duration. The annual decline rate of current smokers with high smoking intensity (≥30 cigarettes per day) was 13.80 and 14.17 times greater than that of never-smokers in FEV1 and FVC. Thus, early smoking cessation can slow down lung function decline trend for current smokers. Conclusions The harms of current smoking on lung function emphasize the necessity of smoking cessation, especially for those with comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Tian
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Jiang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Sanatorium, Wuxi, China,*Correspondence: Xueqin Jiang
| | - Rujie Qin
- Joyfulway Clinic, Fosun Health Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China,Department of Health Management, Huadong Sanatorium, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuqing Ding
- Department of Medical Record Statistics, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengxiao Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ci Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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24
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Sadrifar S, Abbasi-Dokht T, Forouzandeh S, Malek F, Baharlou R. The impact of multistrains of probiotics on Th17-related cytokines in patients with asthma: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Asthma 2022; 60:1306-1315. [PMID: 36332136 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2022.2144353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Asthma is known as one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by recurrent obstruction and inflammation of the airways. Probiotics are defined as a group of beneficial living microorganisms that are beneficial in many disorders, including allergies. The aim of this study was to investigate the probiotic supplement effects on improvement of clinical asthma symptom and changes in the pattern of Th17-related inflammatory cytokines in asthmatic patients. METHODS This was a randomized controlled clinical trial with parallel, double-blind groups. Forty patients with asthma were enrolled and received 1 capsule/day of a probiotic supplement for 8 weeks. Respiratory function tests; and the level of IL-6, IL-17, IL-21 and TGF-β were evaluated at the baseline and end of intervention. RESULTS The results showed that the level of IL-6 and IL-17 in patients after receiving probiotics was reduced and expression of TGF-β was increased as compared to the baseline. Also, the expression of IL-17 and IL-21 in the probiotic group was significantly lower than the placebo group at the end of the intervention. In addition, an improvement in pulmonary function tests and clinical symptoms was observed after receiving probiotics. CONCLUSIONS Eight-weeks treatment with a probiotic supplementation suggests that it may effect on Th17 cells-associated IL-6, IL-17 and TGF-β; and Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s and Forced Vital Capacity. Taken together, these results suggest that probiotics may have the ability to affect neutrophilic asthma and they can possibly be used besides common treatments for patients with neutrophilic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Sadrifar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Tannaz Abbasi-Dokht
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Sarvenaz Forouzandeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosar Hospital, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Farhad Malek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosar Hospital, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Rasoul Baharlou
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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25
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Ruhighira JJ, Mashili FL, Tungu AM, Mamuya S. Spirometry profiles among pregnant and non-pregnant African women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:483. [PMID: 36461083 PMCID: PMC9716166 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-02081-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spirometry is a commonly used lung function test. It assesses respiratory functions by measuring the air volume and the rate at which a person can exhale from lungs filled to their total capacity. The most helpful spirometry parameters are: forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and peak expiratory flow (PEF). Pregnancy derives an altered physiological state due to hormonal and anatomical changes that affect the respiratory system. Despite that, spirometry is less commonly done during pregnancy, and if done, test results are evaluated against non-pregnancy references. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore spirometry profiles in pregnant and non-pregnant women and describe their differences. METHODOLOGY This cross-sectional study involved age-matched pregnant and non-pregnant participants recruited from Mnazi Moja ANC and Muhimbili University (MUHAS). A digital spirometer was used to assess respiratory function. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 23. The mean spirometry values of pregnant participants were compared to those of non-pregnant participants using an independent sample t-test. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The study included 92 pregnant and 98 non-pregnant participants subjected to spirometry. Both FVC and FEV1 values were significantly lower in pregnant than in non-pregnant participants (2.7 ± 0.5 L vs. 2.9 ± 0.5 L; p < 0.01 and 2.2 ± 0.4 L vs. 2.5 ± 0.4 L; p < 0.01 respectively). In addition, pregnant participants had significantly lower mean PEF values than their non-pregnant counterparts (303 ± 84 L/min versus 353 ± 64 L/min; p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Spirometry test values are lower in pregnancy than in non-pregnant participants. RECOMMENDATIONS Interpreting the spirometry test values of pregnant women using references obtained from non-pregnant women may be inappropriate. Future studies should evaluate the appropriateness of predicting spirometry values of pregnant women using reference equations derived from non-pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacktan Josephat Ruhighira
- grid.442459.a0000 0001 1998 2954Department of Physiology, University of Dodoma, P. O Box 395, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Fredirick L. Mashili
- grid.25867.3e0000 0001 1481 7466Department of Physiology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P. O Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Alexander Mtemi Tungu
- grid.25867.3e0000 0001 1481 7466Department of Physiology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P. O Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Simon Mamuya
- grid.25867.3e0000 0001 1481 7466Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P. O Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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Komici K, D’Amico F, Verderosa S, Piomboni I, D’Addona C, Picerno V, Bianco A, Caiazzo A, Bencivenga L, Rengo G, Guerra G. Impact of Body Composition Parameters on Lung Function in Athletes. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183844. [PMID: 36145219 PMCID: PMC9500777 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Given the potential risk of unhealthy weight management, the monitoring of body composition in athletes is advised. However, limited data reveal how body composition measurements can benefit athlete health and, in particular, respiratory function. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of body composition on pulmonary function in a population of adult athletes. Methods: Data from 435 competitive adult athletes regarding body compositions parameters and spirometry are retrospectively analyzed. Results: Our study population consists of 335 males and 100 female athletes. Muscle mass and fat-free mass are significantly and positively associated with forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) in the male and female population, while waist-to-height ratio is negatively associated with FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC in the male population. In multivariable analysis, muscle mass and fat-free mass show significant association with FEV1 and FVC in both males and females (p < 0.05), and waist-to-height ratio is significantly and inversely associated with FEV1 and FVC in males (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Fat-free mass and muscle mass are positively and independently associated with FEV1 and FVC in athletes of both genders, and waist-to-height ratio is inversely associated with FEV1 and FVC only among male athletes. These findings suggest that body composition in athletes may be helpful in monitoring respiratory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Komici
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
- Exercise and Sports Medicine Unit, Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0874404739
| | - Fabio D’Amico
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
- Exercise and Sports Medicine Unit, Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Sofia Verderosa
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
- Exercise and Sports Medicine Unit, Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Iacopo Piomboni
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Carmine D’Addona
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Vito Picerno
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Antonio Bianco
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
- Exercise and Sports Medicine Unit, Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Andrea Caiazzo
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
- Exercise and Sports Medicine Unit, Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Leonardo Bencivenga
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Institut du Vieillissement, CHU de Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Giuseppe Rengo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA Società Benefit (ICS Maugeri SpA SB), 82037 Telese Terme, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
- Exercise and Sports Medicine Unit, Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
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Luo W, Gan S, Yuan X, Gao S, Bi R, Hu L. Test and Analysis of Vegetation Coverage in Open-Pit Phosphate Mining Area around Dianchi Lake Using UAV-VDVI. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:6388. [PMID: 36080846 PMCID: PMC9460433 DOI: 10.3390/s22176388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to detect the vegetation coverage and evaluate the benefits of afforestation and ecological protection. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) aerial survey was adopted to obtain the images of tailings area at Ma'anshan near the Dianchi Lake estuary, so as to construct a high-resolution Digital Orthophoto Map (DOM) and high-density Dense Image Matching (DIM) point cloud. Firstly, the optimal scale was selected for segmentation by considering the terrain. Secondly, the visible-band difference vegetation index (VDVI) of the classified vegetation information of the tail mining area was determined from the index gray histogram, ground class error analysis, and the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the bimodal index. Then, the vegetation information was extracted by combining the random forest (RF) classification algorithm. Finally, the extracted two-dimensional (2D) vegetation information was mapped to the three-dimensional (3D) point cloud, and the redundant data was eliminated. Fractional vegetation cover (FVC) was counted in the way of surface to point and human-machine combination. The experimental results showed that the vegetation information extracted from the 2D image was mapped to the 3D point cloud in the form of surface to point, and the redundant bare ground information was eliminated. The statistical FVC was 36.06%. The field survey suggested that the vegetation information in the turf dam area adjacent to the open phosphate deposit accumulation area research area was sparse. Relevant measures should be taken in the subsequent mining to avoid ecological damage caused by expanded phosphate mining. In general, applying UAV measurement technology and related 2D and 3D products to detect the vegetation coverage in an open phosphate mine area was of practical significance and unique technical advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Luo
- School of Land and Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Plication Engineering Research Center of Spatial Information Surveying and Mapping Technology in Plateauand Mountainous Areas Set by Universities in Yunnan Province, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Shu Gan
- School of Land and Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Plication Engineering Research Center of Spatial Information Surveying and Mapping Technology in Plateauand Mountainous Areas Set by Universities in Yunnan Province, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Xiping Yuan
- Plication Engineering Research Center of Spatial Information Surveying and Mapping Technology in Plateauand Mountainous Areas Set by Universities in Yunnan Province, Kunming 650093, China
- College of Geosciences and Engineering, West Yunnan University of Applied Sciences, Dali 671000, China
| | - Sha Gao
- School of Land and Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Plication Engineering Research Center of Spatial Information Surveying and Mapping Technology in Plateauand Mountainous Areas Set by Universities in Yunnan Province, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Rui Bi
- School of Land and Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Plication Engineering Research Center of Spatial Information Surveying and Mapping Technology in Plateauand Mountainous Areas Set by Universities in Yunnan Province, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Lin Hu
- School of Land and Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Plication Engineering Research Center of Spatial Information Surveying and Mapping Technology in Plateauand Mountainous Areas Set by Universities in Yunnan Province, Kunming 650093, China
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Darawshy F, Abu Rmeileh A, Kuint R, Padawer D, Karim K, Fridlender Z, Laxer U, Goychman Cohen P, Berkman N. Residual symptoms, lung function, and imaging findings in patients recovering from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Intern Emerg Med 2022; 17:1491-1501. [PMID: 35235130 PMCID: PMC8889872 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-022-02950-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Symptoms following acute COVID-19 infection are common, but their relationship to initial COVID-19 severity is unclear. We hypothesize that residual symptoms are related to disease severity, and severe acute COVID-19 infection is more likely to cause residual pulmonary damage. This study aims to evaluate symptoms, lung function, and abnormal imaging within 3 months following COVID-19 infection, and to determine whether they are related to initial disease severity. A cross-sectional study was carried out at a designated post-COVID clinic in Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel. Patients with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were evaluated within 12 weeks following infection and included both admitted and non-admitted subjects. All study participants underwent assessment of symptoms, quality of life (SGRQ), pulmonary function tests, and imaging. A total of 208 patients (age 49.3 ± 16 years) were included in the study. Initial disease severity was mild in 86, moderate in 49, and severe in 73 patients. At the time of follow-up, there were no differences in frequency of residual symptoms or in SGRQ score between groups. Patients with severe COVID-19 were more likely to have residual dyspnea (p = 0.04), lower oxygen saturation (p < 0.01), lower FVC and TLC (p < 0.001, p = 0.03 respectively), abnormal CXR (p < 0.01), and abnormal CT scan (p < 0.01) compared to other groups.Frequency of symptoms and impairment of quality of life at 12 week follow-up are common and are not related to severity of initial COVID-19 disease. In contrast, reduced lung function and abnormal pulmonary imaging are more common in patients with more severe acute COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares Darawshy
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
- The Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Medical Ward, Hadassah Medical Center, 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Ayman Abu Rmeileh
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Medical Ward, Hadassah Medical Center, 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rottem Kuint
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Medical Ward, Hadassah Medical Center, 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dan Padawer
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Medical Ward, Hadassah Medical Center, 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Khalil Karim
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Medical Ward, Hadassah Medical Center, 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Zvi Fridlender
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Medical Ward, Hadassah Medical Center, 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Uri Laxer
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Medical Ward, Hadassah Medical Center, 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Polina Goychman Cohen
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Medical Ward, Hadassah Medical Center, 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Neville Berkman
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Medical Ward, Hadassah Medical Center, 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
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29
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Novotová K, Pavlů D, Dvořáčková D, Arnal-Gómez A, Espí-López GV. Influence of Walking as Physiological Training to Improve Respiratory Parameters in the Elderly Population. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:7995. [PMID: 35805648 PMCID: PMC9265471 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Walking as physiological training is reported to be an effective activity in order to beneficially influence and slow the onset of aging in healthy elderly people. However, insufficient evidence exists on how walking influences lung function in seniors. In our study, we aim to evaluate the effect of different types of walking on lung function in healthy seniors. The PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and EBSCO Essentials databases were searched, while the methodological quality was assessed by the RoB2 tool. A total of seven studies (RCTs) published between 2002-2022 that met the eligibility criteria were analysed in this review. All participants were older adults without any specific associated disease, aged 60 and above. The interventions included structured physical activity; a high/moderate exercise program; long-term regular walking; walking as a part of functional movement training; walking sideways, backward and forward as a part of aerobic training; fast walking; Stepper walking; walking on a treadmill combined with incentive spirometry; and Nordic walking. Overall, most of the mentioned types of walking led to improved lung function in healthy elderly subjects. However, the prescribed Stepper walking program did not improve lung function in healthy seniors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klára Novotová
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, 162 52 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.N.); (D.D.)
| | - Dagmar Pavlů
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, 162 52 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.N.); (D.D.)
| | - Dominika Dvořáčková
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, 162 52 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.N.); (D.D.)
| | - Anna Arnal-Gómez
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.A.-G.); (G.V.E.-L.)
- Physiotherapy in Motion, Multispecialty Research Group (PTinMOTION), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Gemma Victoria Espí-López
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (A.A.-G.); (G.V.E.-L.)
- Exercise Intervention for Health (EXINH), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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30
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Chanachon PN, Jotikasthira W, Kiewngam P, Sawatchai A, Kanchongkittiphon W, Manuyakorn W. Association of Dyslipidemia and Respiratory Resistance Assessed by the Forced Oscillation Technique in Asthmatic Children. Lung 2022. [PMID: 35064334 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-021-00502-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the associations between dyslipidemia and pulmonary function parameters assessed by spirometry and the forced oscillation technique in asthmatic children. METHODS Asthmatic children (5-18 years old) had fasting serum lipid profiles including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations, and C-reactive protein (CRP) measured. Pulmonary function tests were assessed by spirometry and the forced oscillation technique (FOT). RESULTS One hundred forty-one asthmatic children were enrolled with a mean (SD) age of 11.82 (3.38) years. Eighty-eight (62.4%) children were boys, 64 (45.4%) had dyslipidemia, and 20 (14.2%) were obese. Among the children with dyslipidemia, a high LDL-C concentration (65.6%) was the most common form of dyslipidemia, followed by high TC (57.8%), high TG (35.9%), and low HDL-C concentrations (15.6%). Multivariable analysis showed significant associations between HDL-C concentrations and respiratory resistance at 5 Hz (R5) and respiratory resistance at 20 Hz (R20), and TC concentrations were modestly associated with reactance at 5 Hz (X5), the frequency of resonance (Fres), and the area of reactance (ALX). Asthmatic children who had high LDL-C concentrations had a significantly higher expiratory phase R5, whole breath R20, and expiratory phase R20 than those in children with normal LDL-C concentrations. CONCLUSION This study suggests an association of blood cholesterol, especially HDL-C and LDL-C, and respiratory resistance measured by the FOT, irrespective of the obesity status. An intervention for improving LDL-C and HDL-C concentrations may be beneficial on lung function parameters in asthmatic children. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION TCTR20200305005; date of registration: 03-04-2020 (retrospectively registered).
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31
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Macaluso C, Boccabella C, Kokosi M, Sivarasan N, Kouranos V, George PM, Margaritopoulos G, Molyneaux PL, Chua F, Maher TM, Jenkins GR, Nicholson AG, Desai SR, Devaraj A, Wells AU, Renzoni EA, Stock CJW. Short-term lung function changes predict mortality in patients with fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Respirology 2022; 27:202-208. [PMID: 35023231 PMCID: PMC9302621 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and objective A proportion of patients with fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (fHP) follow a progressive disease course despite immunosuppressive treatment. Little is known about predictors of mortality in fHP. We aimed to investigate the impact of short‐term lung function changes in fHP on mortality. Methods Baseline demographics for 145 consecutive patients with a multi‐disciplinary team diagnosis of fHP, as well as baseline and 1‐year follow‐up of lung function, baseline echocardiographic findings, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cellularity and all‐cause mortality were recorded. Changes in forced vital capacity (FVC) ≥ 5% and ≥10%, and diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) ≥ 10% and ≥15% at 1 year were calculated. Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to test for associations with mortality. Results Baseline lung function severity, age, presence of honeycombing on computed tomography (CT) and echocardiographic pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) ≥ 40 mm Hg were associated with early mortality, while BAL lymphocytosis was associated with improved survival. A decline in FVC ≥ 5% (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.10, 95% CI: 2.00–4.81, p < 0.001), FVC ≥ 10% (HR: 3.11, 95% CI: 1.94–4.99, p < 0.001), DLCO ≥ 10% (HR: 2.80, 95% CI: 1.78–4.42, p < 0.001) and DLCO ≥ 15% (HR: 2.92, 95% CI: 1.18–4.72, p < 0.001) at 1 year was associated with markedly reduced survival on univariable and multivariable analyses after correcting for demographic variables, disease severity, honeycombing on CT and treatment, as well as BAL lymphocytosis and PASP ≥ 40 mm Hg on echocardiography, in separate models. Conclusion Worsening in FVC and DLCO at 1 year, including a marginal decline in FVC ≥ 5% and DLCO ≥ 10%, is predictive of markedly reduced survival in fHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Macaluso
- Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Clinical Group, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Department of Pneumology, INRCA/IRCCS, "L.Mandic" Hospital Merate (LC), Merate, Italy
| | - Cristina Boccabella
- Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Clinical Group, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" - IRCCS, University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Kokosi
- Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Clinical Group, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Nishanth Sivarasan
- Department of Radiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield Clinical Group, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Vasilis Kouranos
- Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Clinical Group, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Peter M George
- Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Clinical Group, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Margaret Turner Warwick Centre for Fibrosing Lung Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - George Margaritopoulos
- Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Clinical Group, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,ILD Unit, London North West University Hospital Healthcare Trust, London, UK.,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Philip L Molyneaux
- Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Clinical Group, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Margaret Turner Warwick Centre for Fibrosing Lung Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Felix Chua
- Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Clinical Group, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Toby M Maher
- Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Clinical Group, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Margaret Turner Warwick Centre for Fibrosing Lung Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Hastings Centre for Pulmonary Research and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Gisli R Jenkins
- Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Clinical Group, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Margaret Turner Warwick Centre for Fibrosing Lung Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew G Nicholson
- Margaret Turner Warwick Centre for Fibrosing Lung Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Histopathology, Royal Brompton and Harefield Clinical Group, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sujal R Desai
- Department of Radiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield Clinical Group, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Margaret Turner Warwick Centre for Fibrosing Lung Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anand Devaraj
- Department of Radiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield Clinical Group, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Athol U Wells
- Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Clinical Group, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Margaret Turner Warwick Centre for Fibrosing Lung Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Elisabetta A Renzoni
- Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Clinical Group, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Margaret Turner Warwick Centre for Fibrosing Lung Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Carmel J W Stock
- Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Clinical Group, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Margaret Turner Warwick Centre for Fibrosing Lung Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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32
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Yu Z, Xu C, Fang C, Zhang F. Causal effect of iron status on lung function: A Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1025212. [PMID: 36590211 PMCID: PMC9798299 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1025212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association between systemic iron status and lung function was conflicting in observational studies. We aim to explore the potential causal relationships between iron status and the levels of lung function using the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design. Methods Genetic instruments associated with iron status biomarkers were retrieved from the Genetics of Iron Status (GIS) consortium (N = 48,972). Summary statistics of these genetic instruments with lung function were extracted from a meta-analysis of UK Biobank and SpiroMeta consortium (N = 400,102). The main analyses were performed using the inverse-variance weighted method, and complemented by multiple sensitivity analyses. Results Based on conservative genetic instruments, MR analyses showed that genetically predicted higher iron (beta: 0.036 per 1 SD increase, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.016 to 0.056, P = 3.51 × 10-4), log10-transformed ferritin (beta: 0.081, 95% CI: 0.047 to 0.116, P = 4.11 × 10-6), and transferrin saturation (beta: 0.027, 95% CI: 0.015 to 0.038, P = 1.09 × 10-5) were associated with increased forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), whereas higher transferrin was associated with decreased FEV1 (beta: -0.036, 95% CI: -0.064 to -0.008, P = 0.01). A significant positive association between iron status and forced vital capacity (FVC) was also observed. However, there is no causal association between iron status and FEV1-to-FVC ratio (P = 0.10). Similar results were obtained from the liberal instruments analyses and multiple sensitivity analyses. Conclusion Our study provided strong evidence to support that higher iron status is causally associated with higher levels of FEV1 and FVC, but has no impact on airway obstruction, confirming iron status as an important target for lung function management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Yu
- Department of General Medicine and Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Chengkai Xu
- Department of General Medicine and Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenggang Fang
- Department of General Medicine and Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- *Correspondence: Fangfang Zhang
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Spielmanns M, Buelow MM, Pekacka-Egli AM, Cecon M, Spielmanns S, Windisch W, Hermann M. Clinical and Functional Predictors of Response to a Comprehensive Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Severe Post-COVID-19 Patients. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9122452. [PMID: 34946054 PMCID: PMC8708417 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) following severe and very severe COVID-19 infection is known to be effective, according to typical assessments. However, not all patients benefit from PR to the same extent. This analysis aimed to identify the impact of different factors on PR outcomes in post-COVID-19 patients. Methods: This prospective observational study included 184 post-COVID-19 patients. The achievement of the predicted reference walking distance (6 min walking distance (6-MWD)) served as a parameter with which to identify responders and non-responders to PR. Several parameters (e.g., Functional Independent Measurement (FIM); pulmonary function testing (Forced Vital Capacity, FVC); 6MWD) were assessed in order to estimate their impact on PR success. Logistic regression models and classification and regression trees were used for multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 94 patients (51%) reached their reference 6MWD by the end of PR. FVC (0.95 (0.93–0.97)), 6MWD at admission (0.99 (0.99–1.00)), and FIM motoric (0.96 (0.93–0.99)) correlated with the risk not reaching the reference distance. The most important variable was the 6MWD at admission. Classification and regression tree identified 6MWD ≥ 130 m at admission and FVC predicted of >83% as the strongest predictor for reaching predicted 6-MWD. Conclusion: Post-COVID-19 patients with lower 6MWD, lower motoric FIM scores and lower FVC at admission have a high risk of not reaching their target values of physical performance despite intensive rehabilitation. As well as identifying them, it is of utmost importance to develop optimal PR concepts for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Spielmanns
- Pulmonary Medicine and Sleep Medicine Center, Zurich RehaCenter Klinik Wald, CH-8636 Wald, Switzerland; (M.M.B.); (A.M.P.-E.); (M.C.); (S.S.)
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Health, University Witten-Herdecke, D-58455 Witten, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-55-256-6111
| | - Melissa Masha Buelow
- Pulmonary Medicine and Sleep Medicine Center, Zurich RehaCenter Klinik Wald, CH-8636 Wald, Switzerland; (M.M.B.); (A.M.P.-E.); (M.C.); (S.S.)
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Health, University Witten-Herdecke, D-58455 Witten, Germany;
| | - Anna Maria Pekacka-Egli
- Pulmonary Medicine and Sleep Medicine Center, Zurich RehaCenter Klinik Wald, CH-8636 Wald, Switzerland; (M.M.B.); (A.M.P.-E.); (M.C.); (S.S.)
- Neurological Rehabilitation, Zurich RehaCenter Klinik Wald, CH-8636 Wald, Switzerland
| | - Mikis Cecon
- Pulmonary Medicine and Sleep Medicine Center, Zurich RehaCenter Klinik Wald, CH-8636 Wald, Switzerland; (M.M.B.); (A.M.P.-E.); (M.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Sabine Spielmanns
- Pulmonary Medicine and Sleep Medicine Center, Zurich RehaCenter Klinik Wald, CH-8636 Wald, Switzerland; (M.M.B.); (A.M.P.-E.); (M.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Wolfram Windisch
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Health, University Witten-Herdecke, D-58455 Witten, Germany;
- Department of Pneumology, Cologne Merheim Hospital, Kliniken der Stadt Koeln GmbH, D-51109 Koeln, Germany
| | - Matthias Hermann
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Centre, University Hospital Zurich, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland;
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Guo T, Jiang F, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Li Y, Wang Y. Respiratory Outcomes in Patients Following COVID-19-Related Hospitalization: A Meta-Analysis. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:750558. [PMID: 34692771 PMCID: PMC8528387 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.750558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To determine the respiratory outcomes in patients following COVID-19-related hospitalization. Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. Results: Forced vital capacity (FVC, % of predicted): 0-3 months post discharge: 96.1, 95% CI [82.1-110.0]; 3-6 months post discharge: 99.9, 95% CI [84.8, 115.0]; >6 months post discharge: 97.4, 95% CI [76.8-118.0]. Diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO, % of predicted): 0-3 months post discharge: 83.9, 95% CI [68.9-98.9]; 3-6 months post discharge: 91.2, 95% CI [74.8-107.7]; >6 months post discharge: 97.3, 95% CI [76.7-117.9]. Percentage of patients with FVC less than 80% of predicted: 0-3 months post discharge: 10%, 95% CI [6-14%]; 3-6 months post discharge: 10%, 95% CI [2-18%]; >6 months post discharge: 13%, 95% CI [8-18%]. Percentage of patients with DLCO less than 80% of predicted: 0-3 months post discharge: 48%, 95% CI [41-56%]; 3-6 months post discharge: 33%, 95% CI [23-44%]; >6 months post discharge: 43%, 95% CI [22-65%]. Conclusion: The meta-analysis confirms a high prevalence of persistent lung diffusion impairment in patients following COVID-19-related hospitalization. Routine respiratory follow-up is thus strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Guo
- Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Fangfang Jiang
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Yufei Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yunpeng Zhao
- School of Medicine and Integrated Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiran Li
- School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yihua Wang
- Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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Wu YK, Su WL, Yang MC, Chen SY, Wu CW, Lan CC. Characterization Associated with the Frequent Severe Exacerbator Phenotype in COPD Patients. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:2475-2485. [PMID: 34511892 PMCID: PMC8416186 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s317177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disease with exacerbations causing hospitalizations, morbidity, and mortality. COPD exacerbation causes a substantial health impact, and its subtypes might differ in prognosis and treatment response. Methods This study evaluated the factors of COPD exacerbations and explored the probabilities of frequent severe COPD exacerbations. Categorical and continuous variables between groups were compared. The hazard ratio (HR) and the probability of no hospital readmission were also estimated. Results A total of 617 COPD patients were enrolled and comprised the frequent exacerbator (N = 226) and the non-frequent exacerbator (N = 391) groups. The frequent exacerbator group significantly displayed a higher eosinophil count (EC; p=0.004), a higher percentage of the frequent severe acute exacerbation history before the index hospitalization (IH; p < 0.001), a lower FEV1 value (p=0.001), and a higher triple combination inhaler prior and following the IH (p < 0.001 and p=0.002) than the non-frequent exacerbator one. Increasing age (aOR of 1.02), higher EC (aOR of 1.09), and lower FEV1 value (aOR of 0.72) were significantly associated with an increased hospital readmission risk. The readmission rate and risk were higher in patients with a history of frequent severe acute exacerbation (aHR of 3.38) than those without severe acute exacerbation. Cases treated with the triple combination inhaler before the IH had a higher readmission rate and risk than non-users. Conclusion Patients with EC ≥2%, FEV1 <50%, or frequent severe acute exacerbation history before the IH have a higher risk of being diagnosed with a frequent exacerbator phenotype. Besides, higher age, triple combination inhaler before the IH, and smoking might be independently correlated with the frequent readmission risk within 1-year post-exacerbation. A better comprehension of the COPD exacerbation mechanism may further identify the best course of preventative strategy and lead to novel interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Kuang Wu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lin Su
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chen Yang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Sin-Yi Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Wu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chou-Chin Lan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Katayanagi S, Setoguchi Y, Kitagawa S, Okamoto T, Miyazaki Y. Alternative Gene Expression by TOLLIP Variant Is Associated With Lung Function in Chronic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis. Chest 2021; 161:458-469. [PMID: 34419427 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (CHP) is a heterogeneous fibrotic interstitial pneumonia resulting from the immune response of susceptible individuals to inhaled antigens. Genetic predispositions have been suggested in CHP; however, the link between susceptibility genes and fibrotic progression has not been elucidated fully. Recent data suggest that variants in Toll-interacting protein (TOLLIP) are associated with lung diseases. RESEARCH QUESTION Can TOLLIP variants be associated with any clinical features in patients with CHP? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We genotyped rs5743899 and rs3750920 in TOLLIP and analyzed the association with clinical parameters in 101 patients with CHP (67 for the retrospective cohort and 34 for the prospective cohort). We evaluated the expression of TOLLIP and fibrogenic signals in affected lung tissues and periostin in sera. Furthermore, we performed immunologic analysis in the lungs and sera. RESULTS The rs5743899 GG genotype was associated with rapid deterioration in FVC over time, which demonstrated significant annual decline in the retrospective cohort (vs AA, P = .0006; vs AG, P < .0001), prospective cohort (vs AA, P < .0001; vs AG, P = .003), and combined cohort (both P < .0001). The patients with the GG genotype demonstrated lower transcription-translation levels of TOLLIP as well as increased phosphorylation of Smad2 and inhibitor of kappa B in the lung tissues and exhibited higher serum levels of periostin, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor α, and IFN-γ. INTERPRETATION The functional changes by TOLLIP variant were associated with rapid FVC decline through dysregulated Smad/transforming growth factor β and NF-κB signaling in CHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Katayanagi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Setoguchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Sayoko Kitagawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Okamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunari Miyazaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Garcia E, Rice MB, Gold DR. Air pollution and lung function in children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 148:1-14. [PMID: 34238501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this narrative review, we summarize the literature and provide updates on recent studies of air pollution exposures and child lung function and lung function growth. We include exposures to outdoor air pollutants that are monitored and regulated through air quality standards, and air pollutants that are not routinely monitored or directly regulated, including wildfires, indoor biomass and coal burning, gas and wood stove use, and volatile organic compounds. Included is a more systematic review of the recent literature on long-term air pollution and child lung function because this is an indicator of future adult respiratory health and exposure assessment tools have improved dramatically in recent years. We present "summary observations" and "knowledge gaps." We end by discussing what is known about what can be done at the individual/household, local/regional, and national levels to overcome structural impediments, reduce air pollution exposures, and improve child lung function. We found a large literature on adverse air pollution effects on children's lung function level and growth; however, many questions remain. Important areas needing further research include whether early-life effects are fixed or reversible; and what are windows of increased susceptibility, long-term effects of repeated wildfire events, and effects of air quality interventions.
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Crouser ED, Smith RM, Culver DA, Julian MW, Martin K, Baran J, Diaz C, Erdal BS, Hade EM. A Pilot Randomized Trial of Transdermal Nicotine for Pulmonary Sarcoidosis. Chest 2021; 160:1340-1349. [PMID: 34029565 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco smoking is associated with a reduced risk of developing sarcoidosis, and we previously reported that nicotine normalizes immune responses to environmental antigens in patients with active pulmonary sarcoidosis. The effects of nicotine on the progression of pulmonary sarcoidosis are unknown. RESEARCH QUESTION Is nicotine treatment well tolerated, and will it improve lung function in patients with active pulmonary sarcoidosis? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS With local institutional review board approval, a randomized, double-blind, controlled pilot trial was conducted of daily nicotine transdermal patch treatment (21 mg daily) or placebo patch use for 24 weeks. The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Cleveland Clinic enrolled 50 consecutive adult subjects aged ≥ 18 years with active pulmonary sarcoidosis, based on symptoms (ie, dyspnea, cough) and objective radiographic evidence of infiltrates consistent with nonfibrotic lung disease. Each study group was compared at 26 weeks based on repeated measures of FVC, FEV1, quantitative lung texture score based on CT texture analysis, Fatigue Assessment Score (FAS), St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), and the Sarcoidosis Assessment Tool. RESULTS Nicotine treatment was associated with a clinically significant, approximately 2.1% (70 mL) improvement in FVC from baseline to 26 weeks. FVC decreased by a similar amount (2.2%) in the placebo group, with a net increase of 140 mL (95% CI, 10-260) when comparing nicotine vs placebo groups at 26 weeks. FEV1 and FAS improved marginally in the nicotine-treated group, compared with those on placebo. No improvement was observed in lung texture score, FAS, St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire score, or the Sarcoidosis Assessment Tool. There were no reported serious adverse events or evidence of nicotine addiction. INTERPRETATION Nicotine treatment was well tolerated in patients with active pulmonary sarcoidosis, and the preliminary findings of this pilot study suggest that it may reduce disease progression, based on FVC. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT02265874; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott D Crouser
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
| | - Rachel M Smith
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Daniel A Culver
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Mark W Julian
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Karen Martin
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Joanne Baran
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | | | | | - Erinn M Hade
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
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Hartog L, Zhao J, Reynolds J, Brokamp G, Vilson F, Arnold WD, LoRusso S. Factors Influencing the Severity and Progression of Respiratory Muscle Dysfunction in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1. Front Neurol 2021; 12:658532. [PMID: 33927684 PMCID: PMC8076608 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.658532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory complications are the most common cause of death among patients with Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 (DM1), but the natural history of respiratory decline in DM1 patients is incompletely characterized and few predictors of the progression of respiratory dysfunction have been identified. To identify factors influencing the progression of respiratory dysfunction electronic medical records from 110 adult patients diagnosed with DM1 were reviewed along with data for respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function obtained from routine respiratory therapist clinical evaluations. At baseline, 70.9% had evidence of restrictive respiratory impairment. We examined various parameters of respiratory functional status, and found FVC (% predicted) correlated best with other measures of disease severity. Annual change in FVC was −1.42 (std error = 0.381). Greater CTG repeat size, higher MIRS rating, and longer disease duration were all correlated with lower baseline FVC but not with annual rate of change. Wide variability in clinical phenotype made determination of disease measures directly related to respiratory functional decline challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Hartog
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jerry Reynolds
- Department of Neurology, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Gabrielle Brokamp
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ferdinand Vilson
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - W David Arnold
- Department of Neurology, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Samantha LoRusso
- Department of Neurology, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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Hansen MRH, Schlünssen V. Pyridostigmine Impairs Pulmonary Function in Asthmatic Subjects: Reanalysis of Results From an Observational Study. Mil Med 2021; 185:e934-e936. [PMID: 32207521 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usaa055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Rune Hassan Hansen
- Environment, Work and Health, Department of Public Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 2, Building 1260, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,National Research Center for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Environment, Work and Health, Department of Public Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 2, Building 1260, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,National Research Center for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Huang YJ, Chu YC, Huang HL, Hwang JS, Chan TC. The Effects of Asthma on the Association Between Pulmonary Function and Obesity: A 16-Year Longitudinal Study. J Asthma Allergy 2021; 14:347-359. [PMID: 33854341 PMCID: PMC8041605 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s299186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma and obesity are important public health issues around the world. Obesity is considered a risk factor associated with the severity and incidence of asthma. We investigated the relationships between poor pulmonary function (defined by forced vital capacity (FVC) and percentage of predicted FVC (FVC%)) and obesity. Methods This is a retrospective longitudinal study using the MJ health examination database in Taiwan from 2000 to 2015. There were 160,609 participants aged ≥20 years with complete obesity indicators and lung function data, and having at least two visits. A generalized estimation equation (GEE) model was applied to estimate the association between lung function and obesity. Results BMI was the best indicator to predict poor pulmonary function for our participants. Results of BMI are presented as an example: Obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥27.0 kg/m2) is significantly associated with lower FVC [adjusted coefficients (β) for asthmatics: -0.11 L (95% CI: -0.14, -0.08); adjusted β for non-asthmatics: -0.08 L (-0.09, -0.08)] and FVC% [adjusted β for asthmatics: -1.91% (95% CI: -2.64, -1.19); adjusted β for non-asthmatics: 1.48% (-1.63, -1.33)]. Annual change of BMI (ΔBMI/year) is an independent risk factor for decreased FVC [adjusted β for asthmatics: -0.030 L (-0.048, -0.013); adjusted β for non-asthmatics: -0.019 L (-0.022, -0.016)] and FVC% [adjusted β for non-asthmatics: -0.603% (-1.063, -0.142); adjusted β for non-asthmatics: -0.304% (-0.393, -0.214)], and is significantly associated with accelerated FVC decline [adjusted β of ΔFVC/year and ΔFVC %/year for asthmatics: -0.038 L (-0.054, -0.022) and -0.873% (-1.312, -0.435); adjusted β of ΔFVC/year and ΔFVC %/year for non-asthmatics: -0.033 L (-0.042, -0.024) and -0.889% (-1.326, -0.452)]. Conclusion Obesity is significantly associated with decreased lung function, and asthmatics had a higher risk than non-asthmatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jhen Huang
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chi Chu
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ling Huang
- Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Ta-Chien Chan
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Sveiven SN, Bookman R, Ma J, Lyden E, Hanson C, Nordgren TM. Milk Consumption and Respiratory Function in Asthma Patients: NHANES Analysis 2007-2012. Nutrients 2021; 13:1182. [PMID: 33918391 PMCID: PMC8067167 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, asthma prevalence has steadily risen since the 1980s. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we investigated associations between milk consumption and pulmonary function (PF). Multivariable analyses were performed, adjusted for a priori potential confounders for lung function, within the eligible total adult population (n = 11,131) and those self-reporting asthma (n = 1,542), included the following variables: milk-consumption, asthma diagnosis, forced vital capacity (FVC), FVC%-predicted (%), forced expiratory volume in one-second (FEV1), FEV1% and FEV1/FVC. Within the total population, FEV1% and FVC% were significantly associated with regular (5+ days weekly) consumption of exclusively 1% milk in the prior 30-days (β:1.81; 95% CI: [0.297, 3.325]; p = 0.020 and β:1.27; [0.16, 3.22]; p = 0.046). Among participants with asthma, varied-regular milk consumption in a lifetime was significantly associated with FVC (β:127.3; 95% CI: [13.1, 241.4]; p = 0.002) and FVC% (β:2.62; 95% CI: [0.44, 4.80]; p = 0.006). No association between milk consumption and FEV1/FVC was found, while milk-type had variable influence and significance. Taken together, we found certain milk consumption tendencies were associated with pulmonary function values among normal and asthmatic populations. These findings propound future investigations into the potential role of dairy consumption in altering lung function and asthma outcomes, with potential impact on the protection and maintenance of pulmonary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie N. Sveiven
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (S.N.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Rachel Bookman
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (S.N.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Jihyun Ma
- Biostatistics Department, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (J.M.); (E.L.)
| | - Elizabeth Lyden
- Biostatistics Department, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (J.M.); (E.L.)
| | - Corrine Hanson
- Medical Nutrition Education Division, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Tara M. Nordgren
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (S.N.S.); (R.B.)
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Solbakken G, Løseth S, Froholdt A, Eikeland TD, Nærland T, Frich JC, Dietrichs E, Ørstavik K. Pain in adult myotonic dystrophy type 1: relation to function and gender. BMC Neurol 2021; 21:101. [PMID: 33663406 PMCID: PMC7931522 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02124-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pain is prevalent in myotonic dystrophy 1 (DM1). This study investigated whether CTG repeat size, disease duration, BMI and motor and psychological function were related to pain in adult patients with DM1, and if there were gender differences regarding intensity and location of pain. Method Cross-sectional design. Pain was investigated in 50 genetically confirmed DM1 patients by combining clinical assessment and self-reports of pain intensity and locations. Pain scoring results were related to CTG size, disease duration, muscle strength, walking capacity measured by 6-min walk test, activity of daily life by Katz ADL Index, respiratory function by Forced Vital Capacity and BMI. In addition, the degree of reported pain was related to Quality of life measured by WHOQOL-BREF; fatigue was measured by Fatigue severity scale; psychological functions were measured by Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, IQ and Autism spectrum Quotient. Results Pain was reported in 84% of the patients and was significantly correlated with CTG size (r = 0.28 p = 0.050), disease duration (r = 0.38 p = 0.007), quality of life (r = − 0.37 p = 0.009), fatigue (r = 0.33 p = 0.02) and forced vital capacity (r = − 0.51, p = 0.005). Significant gender differences, with higher scores for females, were documented. In male subjects the number of pain locations was significantly correlated with quality of life and the autism quotient. In females, pain intensity was significantly correlated with activity, respiratory function and BMI. Conclusions Pain in DM1 was prevalent, with a strong association to lung function and other aspects of the disease. Significant gender differences were present for pain intensity and number of pain locations. How pain was related to other symptoms differed between male and female subjects. Our findings highlight the importance of assessments of pain in DM1 patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12883-021-02124-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gro Solbakken
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Neurology, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Health Trust, Drammen, Norway.
| | - Sissel Løseth
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Section of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Anne Froholdt
- Department of Neurology, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Health Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Torunn D Eikeland
- Department of Neurology, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Health Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Terje Nærland
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,NevSom, Department of Rare Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan C Frich
- Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Dietrichs
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Saad HB. It is high time for the scholarly societies to standardize the bronchodilator responsiveness in children. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2021; 49:225-7. [PMID: 33641312 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v49i2.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Letter to the editor re: Mallol J, Riquelme C, Aguirre V, Martinez M, Gallardo A, Sanchez C, et al. Value of bronchial reversibility to salbutamol, exhaled nitric oxide and responsiveness to methacholine to corroborate the diagnosis of asthma in children. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2020;48(3):214–22. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.aller.2019.11.001
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De Wel B, Willaert S, Nadaj-Pakleza A, Aubé-Nathier AC, Testelmans D, Buyse B, Claeys KG. Respiratory decline in adult patients with Becker muscular dystrophy: A longitudinal study. Neuromuscul Disord 2021; 31:174-182. [PMID: 33454189 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) is a rare hereditary neuromuscular disease, caused by a genetic defect in the Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) gene. We studied the natural history of respiratory function and its affecting factors in 23 adult BMD patients. These important data are needed for (future) clinical trials in BMD but are largely lacking. Patients had a median age of 51 years (28-78y) and median follow-up duration of 14 years (2-25y). We analysed 190 pulmonary function measurements with a median interval of one year (1-17y) and measured a 1.00% decline of Forced Vital Capacity percent predicted (FVC%pred) per year (p = 0.004). Loss of ambulation significantly increased the annual rate of FVC decline and was dependent of patient's body mass index (BMI; p = 0.015), with increases in BMI correlating with an even more rapid deterioration of FVC. A decline in Medical Research Council (MRC) sum score was significantly correlated with a decline in FVC (p = 0.003). We conclude that adult BMD patients experience a significant but mild respiratory decline. However, this decline is significantly more rapid and clinically relevant after loss of ambulation, which warrants a more vigilant follow-up of respiratory function in this subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram De Wel
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for Muscle Diseases and Neuropathies, Department of Neurosciences, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Aleksandra Nadaj-Pakleza
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Reference Centre Nord/Est/IdF, CHU Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Dries Testelmans
- Department of Pulmonology, Leuven University Centre for Sleep and Wake Disorders, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bertien Buyse
- Department of Pulmonology, Leuven University Centre for Sleep and Wake Disorders, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kristl G Claeys
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Reference Centre, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for Muscle Diseases and Neuropathies, Department of Neurosciences, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Bursac D, Petridis D, Zaric B, Kovacevic T, Stojsic V, Sarcev T, Huang H, Bai C, Hohenforst-Schmidt W, Kosmidis C, Sapalidis K, Romanidis K, Courcoutsakis N, Lallas A, Tsakaldimis G, Chatzimichael K, Sardeli C, Matthaios D, Zarogoulidis P, Karapantzou C. Long Term Respiratory Follow-Up for COVID-19 Patients a Multicenter Study. Curr Health Sci J 2021; 47:507-15. [PMID: 35444815 DOI: 10.12865/CHSJ.47.04.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic initiated officially in October 2020. Since then several observations have been made regarding the disease and its symptoms. PATIENTS AND METHODS We included eighty seven in our observational study. Our main aim was to investigate their long term respiratory follow-up in correlation with their initial radiological and laboratory findings and values. The nose swab PCR test for COVID-19 was used for diagnosis. Patients were monitored at 3 and 6 months after their hospital reception whereas basic parameters of health condition (smoking, PO2, SPO2, WBC, CXR, CRP, intercurrent findings, days of nursing, colchicine administration) in joint with gender and age were recorded. RESULTS Males seem more susceptible to the viral disease than females in a ratio 1,8:1. The parameters FEV1 and FVC (as % relative changes) were not affected, apart from the DLCO to which CRP (in loge+1 transformation) and SPO2 showed a statistically significant effect. CONCLUSION None of these patients were intubated, or admitted to the intensive care unit. The respiratory function is affected by the virus and the effect is reversed within the first three months. Males are more affected and the radiological and laboratory findings are associated with the respiratory functions.
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Drake WP, Culver DA, Baughman RP, Judson MA, Crouser ED, James WE, Ayers GD, Ding T, Abel K, Green A, Kerrigan A, Sesay A, Bernard GR. Phase II Investigation of the Efficacy of Antimycobacterial Therapy in Chronic Pulmonary Sarcoidosis. Chest 2020; 159:1902-1912. [PMID: 33387486 PMCID: PMC8129732 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2020.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A Phase I, single-center investigation found that 8 weeks of antimycobacterial therapy improved sarcoidosis FVC. Safety and efficacy assessments have not been performed in a multicenter cohort. Research Question The objective of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of antimycobacterial therapy on the physiological and immunologic end points of sarcoidosis. Study Design and Methods In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter investigation, patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis were randomly assigned to receive 16 weeks of concomitant levofloxacin, ethambutol, azithromycin, and rifabutin (CLEAR) or matching placebo to investigate the effect on FVC. The primary outcome was a comparison of change in percentage of predicted FVC among patients randomized to receive CLEAR or placebo in addition to their baseline immunosuppressive regimen. Secondary outcomes included 6-min walk distance (6MWD), St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score, adverse events, and decrease in mycobacterial early secreted antigenic target of 6 kDa (ESAT-6) immune responses. Results The intention-to-treat analysis revealed no significant differences in change in FVC among the 49 patients randomized to receive CLEAR (1.1% decrease) compared with the 48 randomized to receive placebo (0.02% increase) (P = .64). Physiological parameters such as the change in 6MWD were likewise similar (P = .91); change in SGRQ favored placebo (–8.0 for placebo vs –1.5 for CLEAR; P = .028). The per-protocol analysis revealed no significant change in FVC at 16 weeks between CLEAR and placebo. There was no significant change in 6MWD (36.4 m vs 6.3 m; P = .24) or SGRQ (–2.3 vs –7.0; P = .14). A decline in ESAT-6 immune responses at 16 weeks was noted among CLEAR-treated patients (P = .0003) but not patients receiving placebo (P = .24). Interpretation Despite a significant decline in ESAT-6 immune responses, a 16-week CLEAR regimen provided no physiological benefit in FVC or 6MWD among patients with sarcoidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonder P Drake
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN.
| | - Daniel A Culver
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Robert P Baughman
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Marc A Judson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY
| | - Elliott D Crouser
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - W Ennis James
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Gregory D Ayers
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Tan Ding
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Kenny Abel
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Abena Green
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Amy Kerrigan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Ahmed Sesay
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Gordon R Bernard
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
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Amare YE, Haile D. Evaluation of Pulmonary Function Tests Among Pregnant Women of Different Trimesters in Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, Shoa, Ethiopia. Int J Womens Health 2020; 12:1135-1143. [PMID: 33324115 PMCID: PMC7732161 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s275742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pregnancy is characterized by a sequence of dynamic physiological changes that impact multiple organ system functions and is associated with various changes in pulmonary anatomy and physiology. Precise knowledge of the pulmonary function test parameters helps to understand and manage the course and outcome of pregnancy leading to safe delivery. It also helps to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary interventions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of normal pregnancy on pulmonary function tests among pregnant women in Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, Ethiopia. Methods A total of 176 study participants (first, second, and third trimester; and control) were involved under a comparative cross-sectional study design and convenience sampling technique. Anthropometric data, oxygen saturation of arterial blood, and pulmonary function tests were measured. Data were tabulated and statistically analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 statistical software. Means of all parameters were compared using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc multiple comparison test. Statistical significance was preset at a p-value of less than 0.05. Results Mean of FVC for the controls, first, second, and third trimesters was 2.59 ± 0.26, 2.13 ± 0.15, 1.93 ± 0.27, and 1.90 ± 0.11 liters, respectively. Except for FEV1%, the mean values of FVC, FEV1, PEFR, and FEF 25–75% in the pregnant group (all the three trimesters) were significantly decreased from the controls (P<0.05). Strong negative correlation was seen between SaO2 and RR (r= −0.865; P <0.01). As the pregnancy progressed from first to the third trimester, dynamic pulmonary function tests (FVC, FEV1, FEF25-75%, and PEFR) were dropped and the respiratory rate increased. Conclusion The results had shown the tendency of obstructive pattern while pregnancy becoming advanced. We have observed also a remarkable decline of SaO2 in pregnant women that might be counterbalanced by raised respiratory rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosef Eshetie Amare
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Diresibachew Haile
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Carsin AE, Keidel D, Fuertes E, Imboden M, Weyler J, Nowak D, Heinrich J, Erquicia SP, Martinez-Moratalla J, Huerta I, Sanchez JL, Schaffner E, Caviezel S, Beckmeyer-Borowko A, Raherison C, Pin I, Demoly P, Leynaert B, Cerveri I, Squillacioti G, Accordini S, Gislason T, Svanes C, Toren K, Forsberg B, Janson C, Jogi R, Emtner M, Real FG, Jarvis D, Guerra S, Dharmage SC, Probst-Hensch N, Garcia-Aymerich J. Regular Physical Activity Levels and Incidence of Restrictive Spirometry Pattern: A Longitudinal Analysis of 2 Population-Based Cohorts. Am J Epidemiol 2020; 189:1521-1528. [PMID: 32510134 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaa087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We estimated the association between regular physical activity and the incidence of restrictive spirometry pattern. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and physical activity were assessed in 2 population-based European cohorts (European Community Respiratory Health Survey: n = 2,757, aged 39-67 years; and Swiss Study on Air Pollution and Lung and Heart Diseases in Adults: n = 2,610, aged 36-82 years) first in 2000-2002 and again approximately 10 years later (2010-2013). Subjects with restrictive or obstructive spirometry pattern at baseline were excluded. We assessed the association of being active at baseline (defined as being physically active at least 2-3 times/week for ≥1 hour) with restrictive spirometry pattern at follow-up (defined as a postbronchodilation FEV1/FVC ratio of at least the lower limit of normal and FVC of <80% predicted) using modified Poisson regression, adjusting for relevant confounders. After 10 years of follow-up, 3.3% of participants had developed restrictive spirometry pattern. Being physically active was associated with a lower risk of developing this phenotype (relative risk = 0.76, 95% confidence interval: 0.59, 0.98). This association was stronger among those who were overweight and obese than among those of normal weight (P for interaction = 0.06). In 2 large European studies, adults practicing regular physical activity were at lower risk of developing restrictive spirometry pattern over 10 years.
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Mohammed WE, Algarni S. A remote sensing study of spatiotemporal variations in drought conditions in northern Asir, Saudi Arabia. Environ Monit Assess 2020; 192:784. [PMID: 33241472 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08771-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Changes in vegetation land cover are influenced by, and therefore an indicator of, climatic conditions. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between vegetation cover changes and drought events in a small-scale area. Six Landsat images during 1987-2019 were used to extract information about the vegetation land cover changes using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the fractional vegetation cover (FVC) in Balqarn Governorate in the northern mountains of Asir, Saudi Arabia. Two climatic parameters, temperature and precipitation, were used as time series for the same period and were decomposed to investigate the seasonal and trend changes for each parameter. The two parameters were also used to calculate the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) to conduct an in-depth analysis of the drought events influencing vegetation cover. The results showed that the state of the vegetation coverage of the study area remained at a medium level with an average NDVI value, but the FVC values showed evidence of dynamic variability associated with drought and moisture events. The SPEI showed that the study area has been undergoing a long-duration drought event since 2004, ranging from light to severe drought, which was consistent with the time series decomposition results. This investigation has revealed that drought drives changes in vegetation cover and is expressed on small geographic scales as changes in the vegetation cover structure. The framework described here is simple and can be used to evaluate and manage drought risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisam E Mohammed
- Landscape Architecture Department, College of Architecture and Planning, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Saeed Algarni
- Department of Geography, College of Sharia and Islamic Studies, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, P.O. Box 1730, Al Hassa, 11382, Saudi Arabia
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