1
|
Nataraj BH, Jeevan K, Dang AK, Nagpal R, Ali SA, Behare PV. Pre-clinical safety and toxicity assessment of Limosilactobacillus fermentum NCDC 400 in murine model. Microb Pathog 2024; 189:106589. [PMID: 38382627 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Comprehensive safety assessment of potential probiotic strains is crucial in the selection of risk-free strains for clinical translation. This study aimed to evaluate the biosafety of Limosilactobacillus fermentum NCDC 400, a potential probiotic strain, using oral toxicity tests in a Swiss albino mouse model. Mice were orally gavaged with low (108 CFU/mouse/day) and high (1010 CFU/mouse/day) doses of NCDC 400 for 14 (acute), 28 (subacute), and 90 (subchronic) days to assess behavioral, hematological, biochemical, immunological, and histological effects. The administration of NCDC 400 did not result in any observable adverse effects on general health parameters, including body weight, feed and water intake, and organ indices. Hematological and biochemical parameters, such as glucose, serum enzymes, urea, creatinine, serum minerals, total serum proteins, and lipid profile, remained largely unaffected by the test strain. Notably, NCDC 400 administration led to a significant reduction in harmful intestinal enzymes and improvement in gut health indices, as indicated by fecal pH, lactate, ammonia, and short-chain fatty acids. There were no instances of bacterial translocation of NCDC 400 to blood or extra-intestinal organs. Immune homeostasis was not adversely affected by repeated exposure to NCDC 400 in all three oral toxicity studies. Histopathological examination revealed no strain-related changes in various tissues. Based on these findings, a dose of 1010 CFU/mouse/day was considered as the No Observable Effect Level (NOEL) in healthy mice. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the safe and non-toxic behavior of L. fermentum NCDC 400. The results support and ensure the safety and suitability for clinical trials and eventual translation into clinical practice as potential probiotic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Basavaprabhu Haranahalli Nataraj
- Techno-functional Starter Lab, National Collection of Dairy Cultures (NCDC), Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India; Dairy Chemistry and Bacteriology Section, Southern Regional Station (SRS), ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Adugodi, Bengaluru, 560030, Karnataka, India.
| | - K Jeevan
- Regional Ayurveda Research Institute, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Aamkho, Gwalior, 474009, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | - Ajay Kumar Dang
- Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India.
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Syed Azmal Ali
- Proteomics of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69121, Germany.
| | - Pradip V Behare
- Techno-functional Starter Lab, National Collection of Dairy Cultures (NCDC), Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun A, Liu H, Sun M, Yang W, Liu J, Lin Y, Shi X, Sun J, Liu L. Emerging nanotherapeutic strategies targeting gut-X axis against diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115577. [PMID: 37757494 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota can coordinate with different tissues and organs to maintain human health, which derives the concept of the gut-X axis. Conversely, the dysbiosis of gut microbiota leads to the occurrence and development of various diseases, such as neurological diseases, liver diseases, and even cancers. Therefore, the modulation of gut microbiota offers new opportunities in the field of medicines. Antibiotics, probiotics or other treatments might restore unbalanced gut microbiota, which effects do not match what people have expected. Recently, nanomedicines with the high targeting ability and reduced toxicity make them an appreciative choice for relieving disease through targeting gut-X axis. Considering this paradigm-setting trend, the current review summarizes the advancements in gut microbiota and its related nanomedicines. Specifically, this article introduces the immunological effects of gut microbiota, summarizes the gut-X axis-associated diseases, and highlights the nanotherapeutics-mediated treatment via remolding the gut-X axis. Moreover, this review also discusses the challenges in studies related to nanomedicines targeting the gut microbiota and offers the future perspective, thereby aiming at charting a course toward clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ao Sun
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China; Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Mengchi Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Weiguang Yang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xianbao Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Linlin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Iheanacho CO, Eze UIH. Immunogenicity and clinical features relating to BNT162b2 messenger RNA COVID-19 vaccine, Ad26.COV2.S and ChAdOx1 adenoviral vector COVID-19 vaccines: a systematic review of non-interventional studies. Futur J Pharm Sci 2022; 8:20. [PMID: 35368622 PMCID: PMC8959558 DOI: 10.1186/s43094-022-00409-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vaccination against Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an important means of controlling the pandemic, however they are expected to stimulate immune responses when administered to confer immunity. In this review, we evaluated the clinical and laboratory features associated with BNT162b2 messenger RNA COVID-19 vaccine, Ad26.COV2.S and ChAdOx1 adenoviral vector COVID-19 vaccines, to determine their immunogenicity. Demographic distribution of pathogenic autoimmune response and time interval between vaccination and onset of symptoms were also assessed. This was to identify; persons at risk of developing auto-immune reactions and markers to enhanced occurrence of this event. Main body Using relevant keywords, search was conducted in the databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google scholar from November 2020 to May 31, 2021. Additional article was also identified through hand-searching of reference lists, and the review was conducted in line with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines 2009. Study outcome measures were presence of antibodies after vaccination and evidence of autoimmune reactions, therefore studies relating these measures were considered eligible for this review. Studies showed stimulation of immune response with administration of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, ChAdOx1 and Ad26.COV2-S adenovirus vector-based vaccines. Aside SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibodies, elevated D-dimers, presence of PF4 and low fibrinogen were most commonly seen laboratory features in persons with autoimmune reactions following vaccination. In addition, thrombotic thrombocytopenia was the commonest clinical features observed with ChAdOx1 and Ad26.COV2-S adenovirus vector-based vaccines. Findings from this study also suggest higher susceptibility of women of 22-60 years to the pathogenic immunogenicity that may particular result from exposure to ChAdOx1 and Ad26.COV2-S adenovirus vector-based vaccines. Time interval of 4-37 days was mostly observed between vaccination and occurrence of a symptom. Conclusion Immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia and other PF4 dependent syndrome are likely associated with ChAdOx1 and Ad26.COV2.S adenovirus vector vaccines, mostly occurring in women usually within 4-37 days of first dose of vaccine. Enhanced knowledge about vaccine adverse effects and its distribution is crucial for effective vaccination strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chinonyerem O. Iheanacho
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Calabar, PMB 1115, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Uchenna I. H. Eze
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmarcy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guo X, Cheng L, Yang S, Che H. Pro-inflammatory immunological effects of adipose tissue and risk of food allergy in obesity: Focus on immunological mechanisms. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2020; 48:306-312. [PMID: 31477390 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the past three decades, the number of obese people has risen steadily. The chronic low-grade inflammatory state and the non-specific activation of the immune system have contributed greatly to the development of obesity-related immunology. Food allergy as a kind of inflammatory disease with abnormal immune response may be associated with obesity. This review begins with the pro-inflammatory immunological effects of adipose tissue in obesity, and explains the possible effects of obesity on food allergy. In short, obesity not only directly causes imbalance of allergic-related immune cells in adipose tissue, but also indirectly causes this consequence through affecting expression of adipocytokines and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in adipose tissue. As a result, circulating levels of pro-inflammatory factors which are partly derived from adipose tissue increase, which might cause intestinal barrier injury. Therefore, obesity may increase the risk of food allergy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Guo
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China
| | - L Cheng
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China
| | - S Yang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China
| | - H Che
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Del Fabbro S, Calder PC, Childs CE. Microbiota-independent immunological effects of non-digestible oligosaccharides in the context of inflammatory bowel diseases. Proc Nutr Soc 2020; 79:1-11. [PMID: 32345388 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665120006953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present paper is to review the effects of non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDO) on immunity, focusing on their microbiota-independent mechanisms of action, as well as to explore their potential beneficial role in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). IBD are chronic, inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. Individuals with IBD have an aberrant immune response to commensal microbiota, resulting in extensive mucosal inflammation and increased intestinal permeability. NDO are prebiotic fibres well known for their role in supporting intestinal health through modulation of the gut microbiota. NDO reach the colon intact and are fermented by commensal bacteria, resulting in the production of SCFA with immunomodulatory properties. In disease states characterised by increased gut permeability, prebiotics may also bypass the gut barrier and directly interact with intestinal and systemic immune cells, as demonstrated in patients with IBD and in infants with an immature gut. In vitro models show that fructooligosaccharides, inulin and galactooligosaccharides exert microbiota-independent effects on immunity by binding to toll-like receptors on monocytes, macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells and by modulating cytokine production and immune cell maturation. Moreover, animal models and human supplementation studies demonstrate that some prebiotics, including inulin and lactulose, might reduce intestinal inflammation and IBD symptoms. Although there are convincing preliminary data to support NDO as immunomodulators in the management of IBD, their mechanisms of action are still unclear and larger standardised studies need to be performed using a wider range of prebiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Del Fabbro
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Philip C Calder
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Caroline E Childs
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbon nanomaterials are a growing family of materials featuring unique physicochemical properties, and their widespread application is accompanied by increasing human exposure. MAIN BODY Considerable efforts have been made to characterize the potential toxicity of carbon nanomaterials in vitro and in vivo. Many studies have reported various toxicology profiles of carbon nanomaterials. The different results of the cytotoxicity of the carbon-based materials might be related to the differences in the physicochemical properties or structures of carbon nanomaterials, types of target cells and methods of particle dispersion, etc. The reported cytotoxicity effects mainly included reactive oxygen species generation, DNA damage, lysosomal damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and eventual cell death via apoptosis or necrosis. Despite the cellular toxicity, the immunological effects of the carbon-based nanomaterials, such as the pulmonary macrophage activation and inflammation induced by carbon nanomaterials, have been thoroughly studied. The roles of carbon nanomaterials in activating different immune cells or inducing immunosuppression have also been addressed. CONCLUSION Here, we provide a review of the latest research findings on the toxicological profiles of carbon-based nanomaterials, highlighting both the cellular toxicities and immunological effects of carbon nanomaterials. This review provides information on the overall status, trends, and research needs for toxicological studies of carbon nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yuan
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangxian Zhang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Sun
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kuske M, Westphal D, Wehner R, Schmitz M, Beissert S, Praetorius C, Meier F. Immunomodulatory effects of BRAF and MEK inhibitors: Implications for Melanoma therapy. Pharmacol Res 2018; 136:151-9. [PMID: 30145328 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Targeted therapy with BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi) and MEK inhibitors (MEKi) provides rapid disease control with high response rates in patients with BRAF-mutant metastatic melanoma. However, the majority of patients develop resistance to therapy during the course of therapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors show a slower onset of action with lower response rates, with responders showing sustained response. The combination of BRAFi/MEKi and immune checkpoint inhibitors combines the hope for a fast, reliable and lasting response to therapy. Preclinical data supports this hypothesis. With the help of the PubMed database, a comprehensive search and analysis of preclinical and clinical studies on the combination of BRAFi/MEKi with immune checkpoint inhibitors was performed and yielded the following results: 1) In vivo, BRAFi and MEKi have no negative effects on immune cells; BRAFi and MEKi generate 2) an immune stimulating tumor microenvironment, 3) an increased infiltration of immune cells into the tumors, 4) a better recognition of melanoma cells by immune effector cells, and 5) a better functionality of the immune effector cells. In addition, in vivo experiments 6) demonstrated a superiority of the combination treatment compared to the individual strategies in both BRAF-mutant and BRAF wild-type melanomas. In summary, available data show that both BRAFi and MEKi have beneficial effects on the antitumor immunity and the tumor microenvironment as a whole, which is mediated by different mechanisms. Currently, clinical studies are underway to investigate combinations of BRAFi and MEKi with immune checkpoint inhibitors. The results of these studies are eagerly awaited.
Collapse
|
8
|
Li J, Wang F, Ma C, Huang Y, Wang D, Ma D. Recombinant lactococcus lactis expressing Eimeria tenella AMA1 protein and its immunological effects against homologous challenge. Exp Parasitol 2018; 191:1-8. [PMID: 29890444 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Avian coccidiosis leads to severe economic losses for the global poultry industry. Apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) of E. tenella (EtAMA1) plays a vital role during invasion of parasites into host cells. In the present study, recombinant live Lactococcus lactis expressing cytoplasmic, secreted and cell wall-anchored EtAMA1 protein were respectively constructed. The three live bacteria were respectively administered orally to SPF chickens (100 μl bacteria containing 5 × 109 CFU per chicken) for three times at 10-day intervals. After immunization, the lymphocyte proliferative function, the percentage of CD4+ and CD8α+ T cells in peripheral blood, and the IgG titers in serum of chickens in each group were respectively measured. The protective effects of live bacteria expressing EtAMA1 protein against E. tenella challenge were evaluated based on body weight gain (BWG), lesion score in cecum, oocyst descrease ratio. The results showed that chickens immunized with three live bacteria, especially the bacteria expressing cell wall-anchored EtAMA1 protein, displayed higher IgG titers and CD4+ T cells proportions, thus provided more immune protective effects against homologous challenge compared with the PBS control group and vector control group (lactococci harboring pTX8048). The oocyst decrease ratio of 33.33% from chickens immunized with lactococci expressing cell wall-anchored EctoAMA1 was observed, which was higher than that of 27.67% and 25.37% from the other two bacteria-immunized groups, respectively. The above results suggested that cell wall-anchored EtAMA1 protein delivered by Lactococcus lactis could stimulate an effective immune responses against Eimeria infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Fen Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, National Evaluation Center for the Toxicology of Fertility and Regulating Drugs, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Chunli Ma
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Yuchen Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Dian Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Dexing Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lee S, Okamoto H, Yamamoto S, Hatayama T, Matsuzaki H, Kumagai-Takei N, Yoshitome K, Nishimura Y, Sato T, Kirita Y, Fujii Y, Otsuki T. Biological Effects of Cloth Containing Specific Ore Powder in Patients with Pollen Allergy. Biomed Environ Sci 2016; 29:563-573. [PMID: 27660220 DOI: 10.3967/bes2016.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The custom-homebuilding company, Cosmic Garden Co. Ltd., located in Okayama City, Japan was established in 1997 and uses specific natural ore powder (SNOP) in wall materials and surveys customers in order to improve allergic symptoms. METHODS To investigate the biological effects of SNOP, patients with a pollen allergy were recruited to stay in a room surrounded by cloth containing SNOP (CCSNOP), and their symptoms and various biological parameters were compared with those of individuals staying in a room surrounded by control non-woven cloth (NWC). Each stay lasted 60 min. Before and immediately after the stay, a questionnaire regarding allergic symptoms, as well as POMS (Profile of Mood Status) and blood sampling, was performed. Post-stay minus pre-stay values were calculated and compared between CCSNOP and NWC groups. RESULTS Results indicated that some symptoms, such as nasal obstruction and lacrimation, improved, and POMS evaluation showed that patients were calmer following a stay in CCSNOP. Relative eosinophils, non-specific Ig E, epidermal growth factor, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and tumor necrosis factor-α increased following a stay in CCSNOP. CONCLUSION This ore powder improved allergic symptoms, and long-term monitoring involving 1 to 2 months may be necessary to fully explore the biological and physical effects of SNOP on allergic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suni Lee
- Biological Sciences, Universidad De Los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Co1. Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Mastushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okamoto
- Cosmic Garden Co. Ltd., 1-2-25 Ima, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-0975, Japan
| | - Shoko Yamamoto
- Biological Sciences, Universidad De Los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Co1. Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Mastushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan
| | - Tamayo Hatayama
- Biological Sciences, Universidad De Los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Co1. Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Mastushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan
| | - Hidenori Matsuzaki
- Biological Sciences, Universidad De Los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Co1. Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Mastushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan
| | - Naoko Kumagai-Takei
- Biological Sciences, Universidad De Los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Co1. Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Mastushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan
| | - Kei Yoshitome
- Biological Sciences, Universidad De Los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Co1. Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Mastushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan
| | - Yasumitsu Nishimura
- Biological Sciences, Universidad De Los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Co1. Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Mastushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Sato
- Coordinator, Specified Nonprofit Organization MEDICAL TECHNO OKAYAMA, 1st Floor General Education Research Building, Shikata Campus, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yasuzo Kirita
- Okayama University Organization for Research Promotion and Collaboration, 3rd Floor, Basic Medicine Building, Shikata Campus, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshio Fujii
- Cosmic Garden Co. Ltd., 1-2-25 Ima, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-0975, Japan
| | - Takemi Otsuki
- Biological Sciences, Universidad De Los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Co1. Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Mastushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan
| |
Collapse
|