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Grandi A, Tomasi M, Ullah I, Bertelli C, Vanzo T, Accordini S, Gagliardi A, Zanella I, Benedet M, Corbellari R, Di Lascio G, Tamburini S, Caproni E, Croia L, Ravà M, Fumagalli V, Di Lucia P, Marotta D, Sala E, Iannacone M, Kumar P, Mothes W, Uchil PD, Cherepanov P, Bolognesi M, Pizzato M, Grandi G. Immunogenicity and Pre-Clinical Efficacy of an OMV-Based SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1546. [PMID: 37896949 PMCID: PMC10610814 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11101546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The vaccination campaign against SARS-CoV-2 relies on the world-wide availability of effective vaccines, with a potential need of 20 billion vaccine doses to fully vaccinate the world population. To reach this goal, the manufacturing and logistic processes should be affordable to all countries, irrespective of economical and climatic conditions. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are bacterial-derived vesicles that can be engineered to incorporate heterologous antigens. Given the inherent adjuvanticity, such modified OMVs can be used as vaccines to induce potent immune responses against the associated proteins. Here, we show that OMVs engineered to incorporate peptides derived from the receptor binding motif (RBM) of the spike protein from SARS-CoV-2 elicit an effective immune response in vaccinated mice, resulting in the production of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) with a titre higher than 1:300. The immunity induced by the vaccine is sufficient to protect the animals from intranasal challenge with SARS-CoV-2, preventing both virus replication in the lungs and the pathology associated with virus infection. Furthermore, we show that OMVs can be effectively decorated with the RBM of the Omicron BA.1 variant and that such engineered OMVs induce nAbs against Omicron BA.1 and BA.5, as measured using the pseudovirus neutralization infectivity assay. Importantly, we show that the RBM438-509 ancestral-OMVs elicited antibodies which efficiently neutralize in vitro both the homologous ancestral strain, the Omicron BA.1 and BA.5 variants with a neutralization titre ranging from 1:100 to 1:1500, suggesting its potential use as a vaccine targeting diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants. Altogether, given the convenience associated with the ease of engineering, production and distribution, our results demonstrate that OMV-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines can be a crucial addition to the vaccines currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Grandi
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy; (A.G.); (A.G.); (M.B.); (G.D.L.); (E.C.)
- BiOMViS Srl, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Michele Tomasi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (C.B.); (T.V.); (S.A.); (I.Z.); (R.C.); (S.T.); (L.C.)
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (I.U.); (W.M.); (P.D.U.)
| | - Cinzia Bertelli
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (C.B.); (T.V.); (S.A.); (I.Z.); (R.C.); (S.T.); (L.C.)
| | - Teresa Vanzo
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (C.B.); (T.V.); (S.A.); (I.Z.); (R.C.); (S.T.); (L.C.)
| | - Silvia Accordini
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (C.B.); (T.V.); (S.A.); (I.Z.); (R.C.); (S.T.); (L.C.)
| | - Assunta Gagliardi
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy; (A.G.); (A.G.); (M.B.); (G.D.L.); (E.C.)
| | - Ilaria Zanella
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (C.B.); (T.V.); (S.A.); (I.Z.); (R.C.); (S.T.); (L.C.)
| | - Mattia Benedet
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy; (A.G.); (A.G.); (M.B.); (G.D.L.); (E.C.)
| | - Riccardo Corbellari
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (C.B.); (T.V.); (S.A.); (I.Z.); (R.C.); (S.T.); (L.C.)
| | - Gabriele Di Lascio
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy; (A.G.); (A.G.); (M.B.); (G.D.L.); (E.C.)
| | - Silvia Tamburini
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (C.B.); (T.V.); (S.A.); (I.Z.); (R.C.); (S.T.); (L.C.)
| | - Elena Caproni
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy; (A.G.); (A.G.); (M.B.); (G.D.L.); (E.C.)
| | - Lorenzo Croia
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (C.B.); (T.V.); (S.A.); (I.Z.); (R.C.); (S.T.); (L.C.)
| | - Micol Ravà
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (M.R.); (V.F.); (P.D.L.); (D.M.); (E.S.); (M.I.)
| | - Valeria Fumagalli
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (M.R.); (V.F.); (P.D.L.); (D.M.); (E.S.); (M.I.)
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 00132 Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Di Lucia
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (M.R.); (V.F.); (P.D.L.); (D.M.); (E.S.); (M.I.)
| | - Davide Marotta
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (M.R.); (V.F.); (P.D.L.); (D.M.); (E.S.); (M.I.)
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 00132 Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Sala
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (M.R.); (V.F.); (P.D.L.); (D.M.); (E.S.); (M.I.)
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 00132 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Iannacone
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (M.R.); (V.F.); (P.D.L.); (D.M.); (E.S.); (M.I.)
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 00132 Milan, Italy
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Priti Kumar
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Walther Mothes
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (I.U.); (W.M.); (P.D.U.)
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Pradeep D. Uchil
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (I.U.); (W.M.); (P.D.U.)
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Peter Cherepanov
- Chromatin Structure and Mobile DNA Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK;
| | - Martino Bolognesi
- Biosciences Department, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Massimo Pizzato
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (C.B.); (T.V.); (S.A.); (I.Z.); (R.C.); (S.T.); (L.C.)
| | - Guido Grandi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (C.B.); (T.V.); (S.A.); (I.Z.); (R.C.); (S.T.); (L.C.)
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