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Liu S, Zhu M, Keyhani NO, Wu Z, Lv H, Heng Z, Chen R, Dang Y, Yang C, Chen J, Lai P, Zhang W, Guan X, Huang Y, Chen Y, Su H, Qiu J. Three New Species of Russulaceae (Russulales, Basidiomycota) from Southern China. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:70. [PMID: 38248979 PMCID: PMC10817631 DOI: 10.3390/jof10010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The characterization of natural fungal diversity impacts our understanding of ecological and evolutionary processes and can lead to novel bioproduct discovery. Russula and Lactarius, both in the order Russulales, represent two large genera of ectomycorrhizal fungi that include edible as well as toxic varieties. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, including nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the 28S large subunit of ribosomal RNA (LSU), the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2), the ribosomal mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU), and the translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1-α) gene sequences, we here describe and illustrate two new species of Russula and one new species of Lactarius from southern China. These three new species are: R. junzifengensis (R. subsect. Virescentinae), R. zonatus (R. subsect. Crassotunicatae), and L. jianyangensis (L. subsect. Zonarii).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (R.C.); (Y.D.); (C.Y.); (J.C.); (P.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Mengjia Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (R.C.); (Y.D.); (C.Y.); (J.C.); (P.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Nemat O. Keyhani
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USA;
| | - Ziyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (R.C.); (Y.D.); (C.Y.); (J.C.); (P.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Huajun Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (R.C.); (Y.D.); (C.Y.); (J.C.); (P.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Zhiang Heng
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (R.C.); (Y.D.); (C.Y.); (J.C.); (P.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Ruiya Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (R.C.); (Y.D.); (C.Y.); (J.C.); (P.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yuxiao Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (R.C.); (Y.D.); (C.Y.); (J.C.); (P.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Chenjie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (R.C.); (Y.D.); (C.Y.); (J.C.); (P.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Jinhui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (R.C.); (Y.D.); (C.Y.); (J.C.); (P.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Pengyu Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (R.C.); (Y.D.); (C.Y.); (J.C.); (P.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Weibin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (R.C.); (Y.D.); (C.Y.); (J.C.); (P.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Xiayu Guan
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
| | - Yanbin Huang
- Bureau of Fujian Junzifeng National Nature Reserve, Sanming 365200, China;
| | - Yuxi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (R.C.); (Y.D.); (C.Y.); (J.C.); (P.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Hailan Su
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Junzhi Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (R.C.); (Y.D.); (C.Y.); (J.C.); (P.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.C.)
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Jan S, Anna C, Antonín K, Jiří Š, Jan B, Tereza L, Pavel K. Intracellular sequestration of cadmium and zinc in ectomycorrhizal fungus Amanita muscaria (Agaricales, Amanitaceae) and characterization of its metallothionein gene. Fungal Genet Biol 2022; 162:103717. [PMID: 35764233 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2022.103717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Amanita muscaria is an ectomycorrhizal mushroom that commonly grows at metal-polluted sites. Sporocarps from the lead smelter-polluted area near Příbram (Central Bohemia, Czech Republic) showed elevated concentrations of Cd and Zn. Size exclusion chromatography of the cell extracts of the sporocarps from both polluted and unpolluted sites indicated that substantial part of intracellular Cd and Zn was sequestered in 6-kDa complexes, presumably with metallothionein(s) (MT). When the cultured mycelial isolates were compared, those from Příbram were more Cd-tolerant and accumulated slightly less Cd and Zn than those from the unpolluted site. The analysis of the available A.muscaria sequence data returned a 67-amino acid (AA) MT encoded by the AmMT1 gene. Weak Cd and Zn responsiveness of AmMT1 in the mycelia suggested its metal homeostasis function in A.muscaria, rather than a major role in detoxification. The AmMT1 belongs to a ubiquitous peptide group in the Agaricomycetes consisting of 60-70-AA MTs containing seven cysteinyl domains and a conserved histidyl, features observed also in a newly predicted, atypical 45-AA RaMT1 of the Zn-accumulator Russula bresadolae in which the C-terminal cysteinyl domains VI and VII are missing. Heterologous expression in metal-sensitive yeast mutants indicated that AmMT1 and RaMT1 encode functional peptides that can protect cells against Cd, Zn, and Cu toxicity. The metal protection phenotype observed in yeasts with mutant variants of AmMT1 and RaMT1 further indicated that the conserved histidyl seems to play a structural, not metal binding role, and the cysteinyls of the C-terminal domains VI and VII are important for Cu binding. The data provide an important insight into the metal handling of site-associated ectomycorrhizal species disturbed by excess metals and the properties of MTs common in Agaricomycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sácký Jan
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Chaloupecká Anna
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Kaňa Antonín
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Šantrůček Jiří
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Borovička Jan
- Institute of Geology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 269, 16500 Prague 6, Czech Republic; Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Hlavní 130, 25068 Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Leonhardt Tereza
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Kotrba Pavel
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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Sarikurkcu C, Akata I, Tepe B. Metal concentration and health risk assessment of eight Russula mushrooms collected from Kizilcahamam-Ankara, Turkey. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:15743-15754. [PMID: 33244695 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11833-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the essential element (Zn, Ca, K, Fe, Na, and Mg), essential trace element (Co, Mn, Cr, and Cu), and non-essential element (Pb, Ni, and Cd) contents of eight different Russula species (R. risigallina (Batsch) Sacc., R. cyanoxantha (Schaeff.) Fr., R. delica Fr., R. vinosa Lindblad, R. olivacea (Schaeff.) Fr., R. velenovskyi Melzer & Zvára, R. turci Bres., and R. parazurea Jul. Schäff.) collected from Soguksu National Park (Turkey), which is a region away from the city center (Kizilcahamam, Ankara). In addition to the metal contents of these species, daily intake and health risk index values of the metals in question were also calculated and discussed. As a result of elemental analysis, the major elements were K (28980-58,380 mg/kg), Mg (704-1404 mg/kg), and Ca (190-1662 mg/kg). Except for R. risigallina, R. olivacea, and R. velenovskyi, elemental concentrations were within the limits that can be safely consumed as nutrients in terms of their metal content. The daily intakes of metal (DIM) values of R. risigallina and R. olivacea for Cr exceed the reference dose limits (3.80 and 3.87 μg/kg body weight/serving, respectively). According to the health risk index (HRI) measurements, the HRI values of R. risigallina and R. olivacea for Cr and of R. velenovskyi for Cd were found to be above 1.0 and could pose a health risk. In order to analyze the mineral composition variability of the studied mushroom species, principal component analysis (PCA) and the hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) techniques were also performed. Regarding the significant correlations between all descriptors (r > 0.7), there was a positive relationship between Mg-K, Ni-Co, Ni-Na, Cr-Ni, Cr-Co, Zn-Mg, Zn-K, Cd-Mg couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Sarikurkcu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, TR-03100, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
| | - Ilgaz Akata
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, TR-06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bektas Tepe
- Faculty of Science and Literature, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Kilis 7 Aralik University, TR-79000, Kilis, Turkey
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Matsuda Y, Yamaguchi Y, Matsuo N, Uesugi T, Ito J, Yagame T, Figura T, Selosse MA, Hashimoto Y. Communities of mycorrhizal fungi in different trophic types of Asiatic Pyrola japonica sensu lato (Ericaceae). J Plant Res 2020; 133:841-853. [PMID: 33099700 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-020-01233-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mixotrophic plants obtain carbon by their own photosynthetic activity and from their root-associated mycorrhizal fungi. Mixotrophy is deemed a pre-adaptation for evolution of mycoheterotrophic nutrition, where plants fully depend on fungi and lose their photosynthetic activity. The aim of this study was to clarify mycorrhizal dependency and heterotrophy level in various phenotypes of mixotrophic Pyrola japonica (Ericaceae), encompassing green individuals, rare achlorophyllous variants (albinos) and a form with minute leaves, P. japonica f. subaphylla. These three phenotypes were collected in two Japanese forests. Phylogenetic analysis of both plants and mycorrhizal fungi was conducted based on DNA barcoding. Enrichment in 13C among organs (leaves, stems and roots) of the phenotypes with reference plants and fungal fruitbodies were compared by measuring stable carbon isotopic ratio. All plants were placed in the same clade, with f. subaphylla as a separate subclade. Leaf 13C abundances of albinos were congruent with a fully mycoheterotrophic nutrition, suggesting that green P. japonica leaves are 36.8% heterotrophic, while rhizomes are 74.0% heterotrophic. There were no significant differences in δ13C values among organs in both albino P. japonica and P. japonica f. subaphylla, suggesting full and high mycoheterotrophic nutrition, respectively. Among 55 molecular operational taxonomic units (OTUs) detected as symbionts, the genus Russula was the most abundant in each phenotype and its dominance was significantly higher in albino P. japonica and P. japonica f. subaphylla. Russula spp. detected in P. japonica f. subaphylla showed higher dissimilarity with other phenotypes. These results suggest that P. japonica sensu lato is prone to evolve mycoheterotrophic variants, in a process that changes its mycorrhizal preferences, especially towards the genus Russula for which this species has a marked preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Matsuda
- Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Naoko Matsuo
- Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Takashi Uesugi
- Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Junko Ito
- Natural History Museum and Institute, Aoba-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8682, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yagame
- Mizuho Municipal Museum, 316-5 Kamagata-fujisan, Mizuho-machi, Tokyo, 190-1202, Japan
| | - Tomáš Figura
- Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Institut de Systématique, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, CP 39, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, 12844, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marc-André Selosse
- Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Institut de Systématique, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, CP 39, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France
- Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Yasushi Hashimoto
- Agro-Environmental Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
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Pecoraro L, Wang X, Venturella G, Gao W, Wen T, Gafforov Y, Gupta VK. Molecular evidence supports simultaneous association of the achlorophyllous orchid Chamaegastrodia inverta with ectomycorrhizal Ceratobasidiaceae and Russulaceae. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:236. [PMID: 32746782 PMCID: PMC7397628 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-01906-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Achlorophyllous orchids are mycoheterotrophic plants, which lack photosynthetic ability and associate with fungi to acquire carbon from different environmental sources. In tropical latitudes, achlorophyllous forest orchids show a preference to establish mycorrhizal relationships with saprotrophic fungi. However, a few of them have been recently found to associate with ectomycorrhizal fungi and there is still much to be learned about the identity of fungi associated with tropical orchids. The present study focused on mycorrhizal diversity in the achlorophyllous orchid C. inverta, an endangered species, which is endemic to southern China. The aim of this work was to identify the main mycorrhizal partners of C. inverta in different plant life stages, by means of morphological and molecular methods. RESULTS Microscopy showed that the roots of analysed C. inverta samples were extensively colonized by fungal hyphae forming pelotons in root cortical cells. Fungal ITS regions were amplified by polymerase chain reaction, from DNA extracted from fungal mycelia isolated from orchid root samples, as well as from total root DNA. Molecular sequencing and phylogenetic analyses showed that the investigated orchid primarily associated with ectomycorrhizal fungi belonging to a narrow clade within the family Ceratobasidiaceae, which was previously detected in a few fully mycoheterotrophic orchids and was also found to show ectomycorrhizal capability on trees and shrubs. Russulaceae fungal symbionts, showing high similarity with members of the ectomycorrhizal genus Russula, were also identified from the roots of C. inverta, at young seedling stage. Ascomycetous fungi including Chaetomium, Diaporthe, Leptodontidium, and Phomopsis genera, and zygomycetes in the genus Mortierella were obtained from orchid root isolated strains with unclear functional role. CONCLUSIONS This study represents the first assessment of root fungal diversity in the rare, cryptic and narrowly distributed Chinese orchid C. inverta. Our results provide new insights on the spectrum of orchid-fungus symbiosis suggesting an unprecedented mixed association between the studied achlorophyllous forest orchid and ectomycorrhizal fungi belonging to Ceratobasidiaceae and Russulaceae. Ceratobasidioid fungi as dominant associates in the roots of C. inverta represent a new record of the rare association between the identified fungal group and fully mycoheterotrophic orchids in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Pecoraro
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Xiao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Giuseppe Venturella
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Tingchi Wen
- The Engineering Research Center of Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yusufjon Gafforov
- Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- AgroBioSciences and Chemical & Biochemical Sciences Department, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir, Morocco
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Li Q, Wang Q, Chen C, Jin X, Chen Z, Xiong C, Li P, Zhao J, Huang W. Characterization and comparative mitogenomic analysis of six newly sequenced mitochondrial genomes from ectomycorrhizal fungi ( Russula) and phylogenetic analysis of the Agaricomycetes. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 119:792-802. [PMID: 30076929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the mitochondrial genomes of six Russula species were sequenced using next generation sequencing. The six mitogenomes were all composed of circular DNA molecules, with lengths ranging from 40,961 bp to 69,423 bp. The length and number of protein coding genes (PCGs), GC content, AT skew, and GC skew varied among the six mitogenomes. The increased number and total size of introns likely contributed to the size expansion of mitogenomes in some Russula species. Gene synteny analysis revealed some gene rearrangements among the six mitochondrial genomes. The nad4L gene had the lowest K2P genetic distance of the 15 core PCGs among the six Russula species, indicating that this gene was highly conserved. The Ka/Ks values for all 15 core PCGs were <1, suggesting that they were all subject to purifying selection. Phylogenetic analyses based on two gene datasets (15 core PCGs, and 15 core PCGs + rnl + rns) recovered identical and well-supported trees. In addition, cox1 was identified as a potential single-gene molecular marker for the phylogenetic analysis of relationships among Agaricomycetes species. This study provides the first report of mitogenomes from the Russulaceae family and facilitates the investigation of population genetics and evolution of other ectomycorrhizal fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610061, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qiangfeng Wang
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610061, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, PR China
| | - Xin Jin
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610061, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zuqin Chen
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610061, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Chuan Xiong
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610061, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ping Li
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610061, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Wenli Huang
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610061, Sichuan, PR China.
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Waseem M, Ducousso M, Prin Y, Domergue O, Hannibal L, Majorel C, Jourand P, Galiana A. Ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity associated with endemic Tristaniopsis spp. (Myrtaceae) in ultramafic and volcano-sedimentary soils in New Caledonia. Mycorrhiza 2017; 27:407-413. [PMID: 28091750 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-017-0761-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
New Caledonian serpentine (ultramafic) soils contain high levels of toxic heavy metals, in particular nickel, (up to 20 g kg-1) and are deficient in essential elements like carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus while having a high magnesium/calcium ratio. Although previous studies showed that ectomycorrhizal symbioses could play an important role in the adaptation of the endemic plants to ultramafic soils (FEMS Microbiol Ecol 72:238-49, 2010), none of them have compared the diversity of microbial communities from ultramafic vs non-ultramafic soils in New Caledonia. We explored the impact of edaphic characteristics on the diversity of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi associated with different endemic species of Tristaniopsis (Myrtaceae) growing under contrasting soil conditions in the natural ecosystems of New Caledonia. ECM root tips were thus sampled from two different ultramafic sites (Koniambo massif and Desmazures forest) vs two volcano-sedimentary ones (Arama and Mont Ninndo). The molecular characterization of the ECM fungi through partial sequencing of the ITS rRNA gene revealed the presence of different dominant fungal genera including, both soil types combined, Cortinarius (36.1%), Pisolithus (18.5%), Russula (13.4%), Heliotales (8.2%) and Boletellus (7.2%). A high diversity of ECM taxa associated with Tristaniopsis species was found in both ultramafic and volcano-sedimentary soils but no significant differences in ECM genera distribution were observed between both soil types. No link could be established between the phylogenetic clustering of ECM taxa and their soil type origin, thus suggesting a possible functional-rather than taxonomical-adaptation of ECM fungal communities to ultramafic soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Waseem
- CIRAD, UMR113 CIRAD/INRA/IRD/SupAgro/UM, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, Campus International de Baillarguet, TA A-82/J, F-34398 Cedex 5, Montpellier, France
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Marc Ducousso
- CIRAD, UMR113 CIRAD/INRA/IRD/SupAgro/UM, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, Campus International de Baillarguet, TA A-82/J, F-34398 Cedex 5, Montpellier, France
| | - Yves Prin
- CIRAD, UMR113 CIRAD/INRA/IRD/SupAgro/UM, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, Campus International de Baillarguet, TA A-82/J, F-34398 Cedex 5, Montpellier, France
| | - Odile Domergue
- INRA, UMR113 CIRAD/INRA/IRD/SupAgro/UM, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, Campus International de Baillarguet, TA A-82/J, F-34398 Cedex 5, Montpellier, France
| | - Laure Hannibal
- IRD, UMR113 CIRAD/INRA/IRD/SupAgro/UM, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, F-98848, Noumea Cedex, New Caledonia
| | - Clarisse Majorel
- IRD, UMR113 CIRAD/INRA/IRD/SupAgro/UM, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, F-98848, Noumea Cedex, New Caledonia
| | - Philippe Jourand
- IRD, UMR113 CIRAD/INRA/IRD/SupAgro/UM, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, F-98848, Noumea Cedex, New Caledonia
| | - Antoine Galiana
- CIRAD, UMR113 CIRAD/INRA/IRD/SupAgro/UM, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, Campus International de Baillarguet, TA A-82/J, F-34398 Cedex 5, Montpellier, France.
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Rock-Blake R, McCormick MK, Brooks HEA, Jones CS, Whigham DF. Symbiont abundance can affect host plant population dynamics. Am J Bot 2017; 104:72-82. [PMID: 28062407 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1600334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Symbioses are almost universal, but little is known about how symbiont abundance can affect host performance. Many orchids undergo vegetative dormancy and frequent and protracted dormancy have been associated with population declines. If mycorrhizal fungi affect host plant performance, those effects are likely to alter patterns of vegetative dormancy. The goal of this study was to determine whether the abundance of mycorrhizal fungi is related to the likelihood of entering dormancy and whether fungal abundance varied with dormancy duration in the federally listed threatened orchid Isotria medeoloides. METHODS We studied three populations of the threatened North American terrestrial orchid Isotria medeoloides using long-term emergence data and evaluated the relationship between the abundance of associated mycorrhizal fungi (Russulaceae) and orchid dormancy and emergence. Mycorrhizal fungi in soil adjacent to orchids were quantified in two ways. First, ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi on adjacent root tips were identified using DNA sequencing to determine their phylogenetic relationship to fungi that are known to form mycorrhizae with I. medeoloides. Second, we extracted DNA from soil samples and used quantitative real-time PCR to estimate the abundance of Russulaceae hyphae adjacent to each orchid. KEY RESULTS We found that the abundance of Russulaceae, both in the soil and on nearby ECM root tips, was significantly related to orchid prior emergence. Both abundance and prior emergence history were predictive of future emergence. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the abundance of mycorrhizal fungi can influence orchid population dynamics and is an essential component of orchid conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Rock-Blake
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3043 USA
| | - Melissa K McCormick
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, P. O. Box 28, Edgewater, Maryland 21037 USA
| | - Hope E A Brooks
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, P. O. Box 28, Edgewater, Maryland 21037 USA
| | - Cynthia S Jones
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3043 USA
| | - Dennis F Whigham
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, P. O. Box 28, Edgewater, Maryland 21037 USA
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Uesugi T, Nakano M, Selosse MA, Obase K, Matsuda Y. Pyrola japonica, a partially mycoheterotrophic Ericaceae, has mycorrhizal preference for russulacean fungi in central Japan. Mycorrhiza 2016; 26:819-829. [PMID: 27323714 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-016-0715-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Mycorrhizal symbiosis often displays low specificity, except for mycoheterotrophic plants that obtain carbon from their mycorrhizal fungi and often have higher specificity to certain fungal taxa. Partially mycoheterotrophic (or mixotrophic, MX) plant species tend to have a larger diversity of fungal partners, e.g., in the genus Pyrola (Monotropoideae, Ericaceae). Preliminary evidence however showed that the Japanese Pyrola japonica has preference for russulacean fungi based on direct sequencing of the fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region from a single site. The present study challenges this conclusion using (1) sampling of P. japonica in different Japanese regions and forest types and (2) fungal identification by ITS cloning. Plants were sampled from eight sites in three regions, in one of which the fungal community on tree ectomycorrhizal (ECM) tips surrounding P. japonica was also analyzed. In all, 1512 clone sequences were obtained successfully from 35 P. japonica plants and 137 sequences from ECM communities. These sequences were collectively divided into 74 molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) (51 and 33 MOTUs, respectively). MOTUs from P. japonica involved 36 ECM taxa (96 % of all clones), and 17 of these were Russula spp. (76.2 % of all clones), which colonized 33 of the 35 sampled plants. The MOTU composition significantly differed between P. japonica and ECM tips, although shared species represented 26.3 % of the ECM tips community in abundance. This suggests that P. japonica has a preference for russulacean fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Uesugi
- Laboratory of Forest Mycology, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Kurimamachiya 1577, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Miho Nakano
- Faculty of Bioresources, Mie University, Kurimamachiya 1577, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Marc-André Selosse
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB - UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, CP50, 75005, Paris, France
- Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Keisuke Obase
- Laboratory of Forest Mycology, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Kurimamachiya 1577, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
- Department of Forest Microbiology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Matsunosato 1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan
| | - Yosuke Matsuda
- Laboratory of Forest Mycology, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Kurimamachiya 1577, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.
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10
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Kropp BR. Russulaceae in American Samoa: new species and further support for an Australasian origin for Samoan ectomycorrhizal fungi. Mycologia 2016; 108:405-13. [PMID: 26740540 DOI: 10.3852/15-171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Two new species from the Russulaceae, Lactifluus aurantiotinctus and Russula pallidirosea, are described from American Samoa. Based on analyses of nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region barcodes (ITS), L. aurantiotinctus has an affinity to subgenus Lactariopsis and strong phylogeographic ties to Papua New Guinea. The ITS data indicate that Russula pallidirosea has an affinity to subgenus Heterophyllidia and suggest that it also has phylogeographic ties to Australasia. Both species were associated with the ectomycorrhizal tree Intsia bijuga.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley R Kropp
- Biology Department, 5305 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322
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11
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Hong JW, Suh H, Kim OH, Lee NS. Molecular Identification of Mycorrhizae of Cymbidium kanran (Orchidaceae) on Jeju Island, Korea. Mycobiology 2015; 43:475-480. [PMID: 26839508 PMCID: PMC4731653 DOI: 10.5941/myco.2015.43.4.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A fungal internal transcribed spacer region was used to identify the mycorrhizae of Cymbidium kanran. The family Russulaceae was found to be the most frequently occurring group in both root and soil samples. In phylogenetic analyses, the majority of the Russulaceae clones were clustered with Russula brevipes and R. cyanoxantha. Therefore, C. kanran may form symbiotic relationships with the genus Russula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won Hong
- Advanced Bio-resource Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.; Department of Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | | | - Oh Hong Kim
- Advanced Bio-resource Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Nam Sook Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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12
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Wang P, Zhang Y, Mi F, Tang X, He X, Cao Y, Liu C, Yang D, Dong J, Zhang K, Xu J. Recent advances in population genetics of ectomycorrhizal mushrooms Russula spp. Mycology 2015; 6:110-120. [PMID: 30151319 PMCID: PMC6106078 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2015.1062810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The mushroom genus Russula is among the largest and morphologically most diverse basidiomycete genera in the world. They are broadly distributed both geographically and ecologically, forming ectomycorrhizal relationships with a diversity of plants. Aside from their ecological roles, some Russula species are gourmet mushrooms. Therefore, understanding their population biology and fundamental life history processes are important for illustrating their ecological roles and for developing effective conservation and utilization strategies. Here, we review recent population genetic and molecular ecological studies of Russula. We focus on issues related to genet sizes, modes of reproduction, population structures, and roles of geography on their genetic relationships. The sampling strategies, molecule markers, and analytical approaches used in these studies will also be discussed. Our review suggests that in Russula, genets are typically small, local recombination is frequent, and that long-distance spore dispersal is relatively uncommon. We finish by discussing several long-standing issues as well as future trends with regard to life history and evolution of this important group of mushrooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Wang
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Fei Mi
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Xiaozhao Tang
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Xiaoxia He
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Yang Cao
- Yunnan Institute for Tropical Crop Research, Jinghong, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Chunli Liu
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Dan Yang
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Jianyong Dong
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Keqing Zhang
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Jianping Xu
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, PR China
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Avis PG, McLaughlin DJ, Dentinger BC, Reich PB. Long-term increase in nitrogen supply alters above- and below-ground ectomycorrhizal communities and increases the dominance of Russula spp. in a temperate oak savanna. New Phytol 2003; 160:239-253. [PMID: 33873538 DOI: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00865.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
• Here we examine the effects of increased nitrogen (N) supply on the ectomycorrhizal fungal communities of a temperate oak savanna. • In a 16-yr N-addition experiment in which replicate 1000 m2 plots received 0, 5.4 or 17 g N m-2 yr-1 , ectomycorrhizal sporocarp production was measured in the 14th, 15th and 16th year of fertilization. Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) colonizing roots were examined by morphotyping-PCR-RFLP and sequence analysis in the 14th and 15th year of fertilization. • Total sporocarp richness was reduced by > 50% in both fertilization treatments in all 3 yrs, whereas Russula spp. produced approx. five times more sporocarps with 17 g N m-2 yr-1 . Below-ground, treatment-scale species richness and species area curves were lower with 17 g N m-2 yr-1 but richness, diversity indices and evenness at smaller spatial scales were not. Dominant fungi colonizing roots included Cenococcum geophilum, common in all treatments, Cortinarius spp., dominant in unfertilized plots, and Russula spp., dominant with 17 g N m-2 yr-1 . • Communities of EMF in this temperate deciduous ecosystem responded to N addition similarly to those of coniferous ecosystems in that increased N supply altered EMF diversity and community composition but differently in that dominance of Russula spp. increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter G Avis
- Plant Biological Sciences Graduate Program, 250 Biosciences Center, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 USA
| | - David J McLaughlin
- Plant Biological Sciences Graduate Program, 250 Biosciences Center, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 USA
| | - Bryn C Dentinger
- Plant Biological Sciences Graduate Program, 250 Biosciences Center, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 USA
| | - Peter B Reich
- Plant Biological Sciences Graduate Program, 250 Biosciences Center, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 USA
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 USA
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