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Feng R, Wu H, Liu H, Yang Y, Pei B, Han J, Liu Z, Wu X, Huang Z. Effect of Ti Doping on the Microstructure and Properties of SiC p/Al Composites by Pressureless Infiltration. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:1608. [PMID: 38612122 PMCID: PMC11012388 DOI: 10.3390/ma17071608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The effects of Ti doping on the microstructure and properties of SiCp/Al composites fabricated by pressureless infiltration were comprehensively investigated using first-principles calculations and experimental analyses. First-principles calculations revealed that the interface wetting and bonding strength in an Al/SiC system could be significantly enhanced by Ti doping. Subsequently, the Ti element was incorporated into SiC preforms in the form of TiO2 and TiC to verify the influence of Ti doping on the pressureless infiltration performance of SiCp/Al composites. The experimental results demonstrated that the pressureless infiltration of molten Al into SiC preforms was promoted by adding TiC or TiO2 due to the improved wettability. However, incorporating TiO2 leads to the growth of AlN whiskers under a N2 atmosphere, thereby hindering the complete densification of the composites. On the other hand, TiC doping can improve wettability and interface strength without deleterious reactions. As a consequence, the TiC-doped SiCp/Al composites exhibited excellent properties, including a high relative density of 99.4%, a bending strength of 287 ± 18 MPa, and a thermal conductivity of 142 W·m-1·K-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Feng
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.L.); (Y.Y.); (B.P.); (J.H.); (Z.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Haibo Wu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.L.); (Y.Y.); (B.P.); (J.H.); (Z.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Huan Liu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.L.); (Y.Y.); (B.P.); (J.H.); (Z.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Yitian Yang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.L.); (Y.Y.); (B.P.); (J.H.); (Z.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Bingbing Pei
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.L.); (Y.Y.); (B.P.); (J.H.); (Z.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Jianshen Han
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.L.); (Y.Y.); (B.P.); (J.H.); (Z.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Zehua Liu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.L.); (Y.Y.); (B.P.); (J.H.); (Z.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Xishi Wu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.L.); (Y.Y.); (B.P.); (J.H.); (Z.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Zhengren Huang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (H.L.); (Y.Y.); (B.P.); (J.H.); (Z.L.); (X.W.)
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Deng ZR, Zhang LL, Pei F, Liu W, Sun C, Sun HB, Ding XK, Yang XL. Achieving High Rate and Long Cycle Performance of Na 2FePO 4F Cathode Through Co-Modification of Ti Doping and Carbon Coating. Small 2024:e2400149. [PMID: 38528389 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Layered Na2FePO4F (NFPF) cathode material has received widespread attention due to its green nontoxicity, abundant raw materials, and low cost. However, its poor inherent electronic conductivity and sluggish sodium ion transportation seriously impede its capacity delivery and cycling stability. In this work, NFPF by Ti doping and conformal carbon layer coating via solid-state reaction is modified. The results of experimental study and density functional theory calculations reveal that Ti doping enhances intrinsic conductivity, accelerates Na-ion transport, and generates more Na-ion storage sites, and pyrolytic carbon from polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) uniformly coated on the NFPF surface improves the surface/interface conductivity and suppresses the side reactions. Under the combined effect of Ti doping and carbon coating, the optimized NFPF (marked as 5T-NF@C) exhibits excellent electrochemical performance, with a high capacity of 108.4 mAh g-1 at 0.2C, a considerable capacity of 80.0 mAh g-1 even at high current density of 10C, and a high capacity retention rate of 81.8% after 2000 cycles at 10C. When assembled into a full cell with a hard carbon anode, 5T-NF@C also show good applicability. This work indicates that co-modification of Ti doping and carbon coating makes NFPF achieve high rate and long cycle performance for sodium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Rong Deng
- Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for New Energy Microgrid, College of Electrical Engineering & New Energy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, P. R. China
| | - Lu-Lu Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for New Energy Microgrid, College of Electrical Engineering & New Energy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, P. R. China
| | - Feng Pei
- Hubei Yihua Chemical Technology R & D Co., Ltd., Yichang, Hubei, 443002, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Hubei Yihua Chemical Technology R & D Co., Ltd., Yichang, Hubei, 443002, China
| | - Chang Sun
- Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for New Energy Microgrid, College of Electrical Engineering & New Energy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Bin Sun
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Kai Ding
- Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for New Energy Microgrid, College of Electrical Engineering & New Energy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Lin Yang
- Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for New Energy Microgrid, College of Electrical Engineering & New Energy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, P. R. China
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Dadhich A, Saminathan M, Muthiah S, Bhui A, Perumal S, Rao MSR, Sethupathi K. Enhancement in Thermoelectric Performance in Ti-doped Yb 0.4Co 4Sb 12 Skutterudites via Carrier Optimization and Phonon Anharmonicity. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37916737 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Yb0.4Co4Sb12, being a well-studied system, has shown notably high thermoelectric performance due to the Yb filler atom-driven large concentration of charge carriers and lower value of thermal conductivity. In this work, the thermoelectric performance of YbzCo4-xTixSb12 (where z = 0, x = 0 and z = 0.4, x = 0, 0.04, and 0.08) upon Ti doping prepared by the melt-quenched-annealing followed by spark plasma sintering (SPS) has been studied in the temperature range of 300-700 K. Addition of Yb and doping of donor Ti at the Co site simultaneously increase the electrical conductivity to 1453.5 S/cm at 300 K, which ultimately boosts the power factor as high as ∼4.3 mW/(m·K2) at 675 K in Yb0.4Co3.96Ti0.04Sb12. Adversely, a significant reduction in thermal conductivity is obtained from ∼7.69 W/(m·K) (Co4Sb12) to ∼3.50 W/(m·K) (Yb0.4Co3.96Ti0.04Sb12) at ∼300 K. As a result, the maximum zT is achieved as ∼0.85 at 623 K with high hardness of 584 HV for the composition of Yb0.4Co3.96Ti0.04Sb12, which demonstrates it to be an efficient material suitable for intermediate temperature thermoelectric applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshara Dadhich
- Low Temperature Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Department of Physics, Nano Functional Materials Technology Center and Materials Science Research Center, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Madhuvathani Saminathan
- Laboratory for Energy and Advanced Devices (LEAD), Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu 603203, India
| | - Saravanan Muthiah
- Advanced Materials and Device Metrology Division, National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Animesh Bhui
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore, Karnataka 560 064, India
| | - Suresh Perumal
- Laboratory for Energy and Advanced Devices (LEAD), Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana 502 285, India
| | - M S Ramachandra Rao
- Department of Physics, Nano Functional Materials Technology Center and Materials Science Research Center, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Quantum Centre of Excellence for Diamond and Emergent Materials (QuCenDiEM), Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Kanikrishnan Sethupathi
- Low Temperature Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Quantum Centre of Excellence for Diamond and Emergent Materials (QuCenDiEM), Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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Li X, Kong Q, An X, Zhang J, Wang Q, Yao W. Enhanced cycling stability and storage performance of Na 0.67Ni 0.33Mn 0.67-xTi xO 1.9F 0.1 cathode materials by Mn-rich shells and Ti doping. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 633:82-91. [PMID: 36436350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.11.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We propose a synergistic strategy of titanium doping and surface coating with a Mn-rich shell to modify the Na-rich manganese-oxide-based cathode material Na0.67Ni0.33Mn0.67-xTixO1.9F0.1 in sodium-ion batteries and elucidate the underlying mechanism for enhanced material performance. First, it is found that the electrochemical performance of the proposed cathode material can be effectively improved when the Ti doping amount is x = 0.3. In addition to doping, the cathode material coated with a manganese-rich shell was prepared by a liquid coating method. The as-prepared Mn@Ti-doped-Na0.67Ni0.33Mn0.37Ti0.3O1.9F0.1 exhibited excellent electrochemical performance, delivering 169 mAh/g discharge capacity. The charge-discharge cycle test was carried out at a current density of 2C, and the sample not only provides a reversible capacity of 119 mAh/g but also has a capacity retention rate of 71 % after 500 charge-discharge cycles. The Ti doping and surface coating with a Mn-rich shell are shown to improve the specific discharge capacity, cycling stability and rate capability of the cathode material and mitigate voltage decay. These results validate our design principle and provide a novel approach to enhance the performance of cathode materials in sodium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610106, PR China.
| | - Qingquan Kong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610106, PR China.
| | - Xuguang An
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610106, PR China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610106, PR China.
| | - Qingyuan Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610106, PR China.
| | - Weitang Yao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610106, PR China.
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Gan C, Tuo B, Wang J, Tang Y, Nie G, Deng Z. Photocatalytic degradation of reactive brilliant blue KN-R by Ti-doped Bi 2O 3. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:34338-34349. [PMID: 36512283 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24632-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, different compositions of Ti-doped Bi2O3 photocatalytic materials were prepared by chemical solution decomposition method. It was used to degrade reactive brilliant blue KN-R, and then characterized by XRD, SEM, UV-vis DRS, XPS, photocurrent, and other detection methods. The results show that when the catalyst dosage is 1.0 g/L and the initial concentration of reactive brilliant blue KN-R is 20 mg/L, the degradation rate of pure Bi2O3 to reactive brilliant blue KN-R is 75.30%; the Ti doping amount is 4% (4Ti/Bi2O3), 4Ti/Bi2O3 had the best degradation effect on reactive brilliant blue KN-R, and the degradation rate could reach 93.27%. When 4Ti/Bi2O3 was reused for 4 times, the degradation rate of reactive brilliant blue KN-R only decreased by 6.91%. Doping Ti can inhibit the growth of Bi2O3 grains, making the XRD peak of Ti/Bi2O3 material wider. The pure Bi2O3 particles are larger and the surface is smooth. With the increase of Ti doping content, the surface of Ti/Bi2O3 material grows from roughness to nanofibrous Bi4Ti3O12. The visible light absorption performance and electron separation and transfer ability of Bi2O3 are significantly improved by doping Ti ions. The band gap is reduced from 2.81 to 2.75 eV. In conclusion, doping Ti enhances the visible light absorption and electron separation and transfer capabilities of Bi2O3, reduces the band gap, and improves the surface morphology, which makes Bi2O3 have higher photocatalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Gan
- College of Mining, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- GuiZhou Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Non-Metallic Mineral Resources, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Biyang Tuo
- College of Mining, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China.
- GuiZhou Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Non-Metallic Mineral Resources, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China.
- National & Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering for Effective Utilization of Regional Mineral Re-Sources From Karst Areas, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianli Wang
- College of Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412000, China
| | - Yun Tang
- College of Mining, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- GuiZhou Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Non-Metallic Mineral Resources, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- National & Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering for Effective Utilization of Regional Mineral Re-Sources From Karst Areas, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghua Nie
- College of Mining, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- GuiZhou Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Non-Metallic Mineral Resources, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- National & Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering for Effective Utilization of Regional Mineral Re-Sources From Karst Areas, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengbin Deng
- College of Mining, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- GuiZhou Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Non-Metallic Mineral Resources, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- National & Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering for Effective Utilization of Regional Mineral Re-Sources From Karst Areas, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
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Bao T, Xia Y, Lu J, Zhang C, Wang J, Yuan L, Zhang Y, Liu C, Yu C. A Pacman-Like Titanium-Doped Cobalt Sulfide Hollow Superstructure for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution. Small 2022; 18:e2103106. [PMID: 34758099 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal sulfides (TMSs) are attractive oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts. Developing new strategies to improve their electrochemical performance of TMSs is of great significance. Herein, a unique pacman-like titanium-doped cobalt sulfide hollow superstructure (Ti-CoSx HSS) is fabricated as an OER electrocatalyst. Using a prearranged metal-organic framework (MOF)-on-MOF heterostructure as a precursor treated by one-pot sulfidation, a sequential structural conversion process leads to the formation of Ti-CoSx HSS, which is assembled by interconnected Ti-doped CoSx nanocages around a cake-like cavity. Benefiting from the architecture and compositional advantages, Ti-CoSx HSS exhibits excellent OER performance with an overpotential of 249 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and Tafel slope of 45.5 mV dec-1 due to increased active site exposure, enhanced electron and mass transfer. This strategy enabled by MOF-on-MOF paves the way toward innovative MOF derivatives for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Bao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Yi Xia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Lu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Chaoqi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Ling Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Yunxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Chao Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Chengzhong Yu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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Kao CH, Chen KL, Chen JR, Chen SM, Kuo YW, Lee ML, Lee LJH, Chen H. Comparison of Magnesium and Titanium Doping on Material Properties and pH Sensing Performance on Sb 2O 3 Membranes in Electrolyte-Insulator-Semiconductor Structure. Membranes (Basel) 2021; 12:25. [PMID: 35054551 PMCID: PMC8779276 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this research, electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) capacitors with Sb2O3 sensing membranes were fabricated. The results indicate that Mg doping and Ti-doped Sb2O3 membranes with appropriate annealing had improved material quality and sensing performance. Multiple material characterizations and sensing measurements of Mg-doped and Ti doping on Sb2O3 sensing membranes were conducted, including of X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). These detailed studies indicate that silicate and defects in the membrane could be suppressed by doping and annealing. Moreover, compactness enhancement, crystallization and grainization, which reinforced the surface sites on the membrane and boosted the sensing factor, could be achieved by doping and annealing. Among all of the samples, Mg doped membrane with annealing at 400 °C had the most preferable material properties and sensing behaviors. Mg-doped Sb2O3-based with appropriate annealing are promising for future industrial ionsensing devices and for possible integration with Sb2O3-based semiconductor devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chyuan-Haur Kao
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan District, Tao Yuan City 333, Taiwan; (C.-H.K.); (K.-L.C.)
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, No. 5 Fuxing St., Guishan District, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, 284 Gungjuan Rd., Taishan Dist., New Taipei City 243, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Lin Chen
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan District, Tao Yuan City 333, Taiwan; (C.-H.K.); (K.-L.C.)
| | - Jun-Ru Chen
- Department of Applied Materials and Optoelectronic Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Puli 545, Taiwan; (J.-R.C.); (S.-M.C.)
| | - Shih-Ming Chen
- Department of Applied Materials and Optoelectronic Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Puli 545, Taiwan; (J.-R.C.); (S.-M.C.)
| | - Yaw-Wen Kuo
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Puli 545, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Ling Lee
- Department of Electro-Optical Enginnering, Minghsin University of Science and Technology, No.1, Xinxing Rd., Xinfeng 304, Taiwan
| | - Lukas Jyuhn-Hsiarn Lee
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan;
| | - Hsiang Chen
- Department of Applied Materials and Optoelectronic Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Puli 545, Taiwan; (J.-R.C.); (S.-M.C.)
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Zeng Q, Fu X, Chang S, Zhang Q, Xiong Z, Liu Y, Peng G, Li M. Ordered Ti-doped FeVO 4 nanoblock photoanode with improved charge properties for efficient solar water splitting. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 604:562-7. [PMID: 34274717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Highly photoactive FeVO4 photoanodes with ordered nanoblock morphology and uniform Ti-doping were prepared by drop-casting mixed Ti and V precursors onto FeOOH nanorod films and following an annealing process. The results indicate that Ti4+ is uniformly doped into the FeVO4 lattice by substituting V5+ and provides an increased number of O2- vacancies. The optimized film thickness and doping level are 620 nm and 0.3%, respectively. Compared to the undoped sample, the Ti-doped photoanode showed ~ 219% enhancement in photocurrent at 1.0 V vs Ag/AgCl under back illumination of AM 1.5, reaching a state-of-the-art value of ~ 1.47 mA cm-2, and also achieved stable and efficient overall water splitting activity with evolution rates of 28.3 and 14.1 μmol cm-2h-1 for H2 and O2, respectively. The excellent PEC performance could be attributed to the remarkably enhanced charge carrier concentration and conductivity, and the facilitated charge transfer kinetics across the semiconductor/electrolyte interface, as a result of Ti-doping.
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Xu W, Li H, Zheng Y, Lei W, Wang Z, Cheng Y, Qi R, Peng H, Lin H, Yue F, Huang R. Atomic Insights into Ti Doping on the Stability Enhancement of Truncated Octahedron LiMn 2O 4 Nanoparticles. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:508. [PMID: 33671361 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ti-doped truncated octahedron LiTixMn2-xO4 nanocomposites were synthesized through a facile hydrothermal treatment and calcination process. By using spherical aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (Cs-STEM), the effects of Ti-doping on the structure evolution and stability enhancement of LiMn2O4 are revealed. It is found that truncated octahedrons are easily formed in Ti doping LiMn2O4 material. Structural characterizations reveal that most of the Ti4+ ions are composed into the spinel to form a more stable spinel LiTixMn2−xO4 phase framework in bulk. However, a portion of Ti4+ ions occupy 8a sites around the {001} plane surface to form a new TiMn2O4-like structure. The combination of LiTixMn2−xO4 frameworks in bulk and the TiMn2O4-like structure at the surface may enhance the stability of the spinel LiMn2O4. Our findings demonstrate the critical role of Ti doping in the surface chemical and structural evolution of LiMn2O4 and may guide the design principle for viable electrode materials.
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Nath SK, Nandi SK, Ratcliff T, Elliman RG. Engineering the Threshold Switching Response of Nb 2O 5-Based Memristors by Ti Doping. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:2845-2852. [PMID: 33406833 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c19544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two terminal metal-oxide-metal devices based on niobium oxide thin films exhibit a wide range of non-linear electrical characteristics that have applications in hardware-based neuromorphic computing. In this study, we compare the threshold-switching and current-controlled negative differential resistance (NDR) characteristics of cross-point devices fabricated from undoped Nb2O5 and Ti-doped Nb2O5 and show that doping offers an effective means of engineering the device response for particular applications. In particular, doping is shown to improve the device reliability and to provide a means of tuning the threshold and hold voltages, the hysteresis window, and the magnitude of the negative differential resistance. Based on temperature-dependent current-voltage characteristics and lumped-element modelling, these effects are attributed to doping-induced reductions in the device resistance and its rate of change with temperature (i.e., the effective thermal activation energy for conduction). Significantly, these studies also show that a critical activation energy is required for devices to exhibit NDR, with doping providing an effective means of engineering the current-voltage characteristics. These results afford an improved understanding of the physical mechanisms responsible for threshold switching and provide new insights for designing devices for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimul Kanti Nath
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Sanjoy Kumar Nandi
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Thomas Ratcliff
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Robert Glen Elliman
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
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Zhao L, Zhao H, Long X, Li Z, Du Z. Superior High-Rate and Ultralong-Lifespan Na 3V 2(PO 4) 3@C Cathode by Enhancing the Conductivity Both in Bulk and on Surface. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:35963-35971. [PMID: 30251835 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b12055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Na3V2(PO4)3 has shown great promise in next-generation cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries owning to its fast Na+ diffusion in the three-dimensional open NASICON framework and high theoretical energy density. However, Na3V2(PO4)3 suffers from undesirable rate performance and unstable cyclability arising from low electronic conductivity. Herein, we propose a facile approach for significantly enhancing the electrochemical properties of Na3V2(PO4)3 by Ti doping at V site and constructing nanoparticle@carbon core-shell nanostructure. This material design provides fast electron conduction network within the whole active particles because of the mixed valence Ti4+/3+ in bulk and highly conductive carbon shell on the surface. Lattice doping and carbon coating reduce the electrode polarization and facilitate the electrode reaction kinetics, while the nanostructure enhances the ionic conduction by shortening the diffusion distance and offers sufficient contact of active particles with organic electrolyte. The multiple synergetic effects enable a superior electrochemical performance. The optimized Na3V1.9Ti0.1(PO4)3@C cathode shows a high specific capacity (116.6 mAh g-1 at 1C), an unprecedented rate performance (93.4 mAh g-1 at 400C), and an exceptional long-term high-rate cycling stability (capacity retention of 69.5% after 14 000 cycles at 100C, corresponding to 0.0002% decay per cycle).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Hailei Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
- Beijing Municipal Key Lab for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies, Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Xuanyou Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Zhaolin Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Zhihong Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China
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Kang SM, Park JH, Jin A, Jung YH, Mun J, Sung YE. Na +/Vacancy Disordered P2-Na 0.67Co 1-xTi xO 2: High-Energy and High-Power Cathode Materials for Sodium Ion Batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:3562-3570. [PMID: 29300078 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b16077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although sodium ion batteries (NIBs) have gained wide interest, their poor energy density poses a serious challenge for their practical applications. Therefore, high-energy-density cathode materials are required for NIBs to enable the utilization of a large amount of reversible Na ions. This study presents a P2-type Na0.67Co1-xTixO2 (x < 0.2) cathode with an extended potential range higher than 4.4 V to present a high specific capacity of 166 mAh g-1. A group of P2-type cathodes containing various amounts of Ti is prepared using a facile synthetic method. These cathodes show different behaviors of the Na+/vacancy ordering. Na0.67CoO2 suffers severe capacity loss at high voltages due to irreversible structure changes causing serious polarization, while the Ti-substituted cathodes have long credible cycleability as well as high energy. In particular, Na0.67Co0.90Ti0.10O2 exhibits excellent capacity retention (115 mAh g-1) even after 100 cycles, whereas Na0.67CoO2 exhibits negligible capacity retention (<10 mAh g-1) at 4.5 V cutoff conditions. Na0.67Co0.90Ti0.10O2 also exhibits outstanding rate capabilities of 108 mAh g-1 at a current density of 1000 mA g-1 (7.4 C). Increased sodium diffusion kinetics from mitigated Na+/vacancy ordering, which allows high Na+ utilization, are investigated to find in detail the mechanism of the improvement by combining systematic analyses comprising TEM, in situ XRD, and electrochemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Mun Kang
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuk Park
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Aihua Jin
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hwa Jung
- Beamline Department, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL) , Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyoung Mun
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University (INU) , Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Eun Sung
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Sridhar R, Manoharan C, Ramalingam S, Dhanapandian S, Bououdina M. Spectroscopic study and optical and electrical properties of Ti-doped ZnO thin films by spray pyrolysis. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2013; 120:297-303. [PMID: 24184923 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.09.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide films were doped with different concentrations of Ti on glass substrates at 400°C by spray pyrolysis technique. The films exhibited single phase ZnO for low concentrations of Ti. Wurtzite ZnO peaks were observed at higher doping concentration with decreased crystallinity. Crystallite size, strain and dislocation density were evaluated from the X-ray diffraction data. Surface morphology of the films indicated that a remarkable decrease in grain size with increasing of Ti concentration. The band gap of the films was found to be increased from 3.20 eV to 3.32 eV as the concentration of Ti doping increases. The resistivity of the films decreased from 9×10(5) Ω cm to 9×10(4) Ω cm with the increase of Ti doping concentration. Both Raman spectroscopy and room temperature photoluminescence exhibited characteristic peaks that confirmed the formation of ZnO phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sridhar
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608 002, India
| | - C Manoharan
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608 002, India.
| | - S Ramalingam
- Department of Physics, A.V.C. College, Mayiladuthurai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S Dhanapandian
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608 002, India
| | - M Bououdina
- Nanotechnology Centre, University of Bahrain, PO Box 32038, Bahrain; Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, PO Box 32038, Bahrain
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