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Corsaut J, Soto E, Biernaski H, Kovacs MS, St. Lawrence K, Hicks JW. Frugal and Translatable [ 15O]O 2 Production for Human Inhalation with Direct Delivery from the Cyclotron to a Hybrid PET/MR. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:902. [PMID: 38732316 PMCID: PMC11083888 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14090902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxygen-15 (β+, t1/2 = 122 s) radiolabeled diatomic oxygen, in conjunction with positron emission tomography, is the gold standard to quantitatively measure the metabolic rate of oxygen consumption in the living human brain. We present herein a protocol for safe and effective delivery of [15O]O2 over 200 m to a human subject for inhalation. A frugal quality control testing procedure was devised and validated. This protocol can act as a blueprint for other sites seeking to implement similar imaging programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Corsaut
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada (M.S.K.)
- Saint Joseph’s Health Canada London, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada
| | - Elmer Soto
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada (M.S.K.)
- Saint Joseph’s Health Canada London, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada
| | - Heather Biernaski
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada (M.S.K.)
- Saint Joseph’s Health Canada London, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada
| | - Michael S. Kovacs
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada (M.S.K.)
- Saint Joseph’s Health Canada London, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Keith St. Lawrence
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada (M.S.K.)
- Saint Joseph’s Health Canada London, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Justin W. Hicks
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada (M.S.K.)
- Saint Joseph’s Health Canada London, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
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Baas KPA, Vu C, Shen J, Coolen BF, Biemond BJ, Strijkers GJ, Wood JC, Nederveen AJ. Venous Blood Oxygenation Measurements Using TRUST and T2-TRIR MRI During Hypoxic and Hypercapnic Gas Challenges. J Magn Reson Imaging 2023; 58:1903-1914. [PMID: 37092724 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2 ) may serve as biomarkers in several diseases. OEF and CMRO2 can be estimated from venous blood oxygenation (Yv ) levels, which in turn can be calculated from venous blood T2 values (T2b ). T2b can be measured using different MRI sequences, including T2-relaxation-under-spin-tagging (TRUST) and T2-prepared-blood-relaxation-imaging-with-inversion-recovery (T2-TRIR). The latter measures both T2b and T1 (T1b ) but was found previously to overestimate T2b compared to TRUST. It remained unclear, however, if this bias is constant across higher and lower oxygen saturations. PURPOSE To compare TRUST and T2-TRIR across a range of O2 saturations using hypoxic and hypercapnic gas challenges. STUDY TYPE Prospective. POPULATION Twelve healthy volunteers (four female, age 36 ± 10 years). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE A 3T; turbo-field echo-planar-imaging (TFEPI), echo-planar-imaging (EPI), and fast-field-echo (FFE). ASSESSMENT TRUST- and T2-TRIR-derived T2b , Yv , OEF, and CMRO2 were compared across different respiratory challenges. T1b from T2-TRIR was used to estimate Hct (HctTRIR ) and compared with venipuncture (HctVP ). STATISTICAL TESTS Shapiro-Wilk, one-sample and paired-sample t-test, repeated measures ANOVA, Friedman test, Bland-Altman, and correlation analysis. Bonferroni multiple-comparison correction was performed. Significance level was 0.05. RESULTS A significant bias was observed between TRUST- and T2-TRIR-derived T2b , Yv , and OEF values (-13 ± 11 msec, -5.3% ± 3.5% and 5.9 ± 4.1%, respectively). For Yv and OEF, this bias was constant across the range of measured values. T1b was significantly lower during severe hypoxia and hypercapnia compared to baseline (1712 ± 86 msec and 1634 ± 79 msec compared to 1757 ± 90 msec). While no significant bias was found between HctVP and HctTRIR (0.02% ± 0.06%, P = 0.20), the correlation between these Hct values was significant but weak (r = 0.19). DATA CONCLUSION Given the constant bias, TRUST- and T2-TRIR-derived venous T2b values can be used interchangeably to estimate Yv , OEF, and CMRO2 across a broad range of oxygen saturations. Hct from T2-TRIR-derived T1-values only weakly correlated with Hct from venipuncture. EVIDENCE LEVEL 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen P A Baas
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chau Vu
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jian Shen
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Bram F Coolen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart J Biemond
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gustav J Strijkers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John C Wood
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Aart J Nederveen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Madsen SS, Lindberg U, Asghar S, Olsen KS, Møller K, Larsson HBW, Vestergaard MB. Reproducibility of cerebral blood flow, oxygen metabolism, and lactate and N-acetyl-aspartate concentrations measured using magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1213352. [PMID: 37731542 PMCID: PMC10508186 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1213352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In humans, resting cerebral perfusion, oxygen consumption and energy metabolism demonstrate large intersubject variation regardless of methodology. Whether a similar large variation is also present longitudinally in individual subjects is much less studied, but knowing the time variance in reproducibility is important when designing and interpreting longitudinal follow-up studies examining brain physiology. Therefore, we examined the reproducibility of cerebral blood flow (CBF), global cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2), global arteriovenous oxygen saturation difference (A-V.O2), and cerebral lactate and N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) concentrations measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) techniques through repeated measurements at 6 h, 24 h, 7 days and several weeks after initial baseline measurements in young healthy adults (N = 26, 13 females, age range 18-35 years). Using this setup, we calculated the correlation, limit of agreement (LoA) and within-subject coefficient of variation (CoVWS) between baseline values and the subsequent repeated measurements to examine the longitudinal variation in individual cerebral physiology. CBF and CMRO2 correlated significantly between baseline and all subsequent measurements. The strength of the correlations (R2) and reproducibility metrics (LoA and CoVWS) demonstrated the best reproducibility for the within-day measurements and generally declined with longer time between measurements. Cerebral lactate and NAA concentrations also correlated significantly for all measurements, except between baseline and the 7-day measurement for lactate. Similar to CBF and CMRO2, lactate and NAA demonstrated the best reproducibility for within-day repeated measurements. The gradual decline in reproducibility over time should be considered when designing and interpreting studies on brain physiology, for example, in the evaluation of treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Sloth Madsen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Respiratory Support, Neuroscience Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital–Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Ulrich Lindberg
- Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sohail Asghar
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karsten Skovgaard Olsen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Respiratory Support, Neuroscience Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital–Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Kirsten Møller
- Department of Neuroanaesthesiology, Neuroscience Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital–Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Bo Wiberg Larsson
- Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mark Bitsch Vestergaard
- Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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van Grinsven EE, de Leeuw J, Siero JCW, Verhoeff JJC, van Zandvoort MJE, Cho J, Philippens MEP, Bhogal AA. Evaluating Physiological MRI Parameters in Patients with Brain Metastases Undergoing Stereotactic Radiosurgery-A Preliminary Analysis and Case Report. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4298. [PMID: 37686575 PMCID: PMC10487230 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases occur in ten to thirty percent of the adult cancer population. Treatment consists of different (palliative) options, including stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Sensitive MRI biomarkers are needed to better understand radiotherapy-related effects on cerebral physiology and the subsequent effects on neurocognitive functioning. In the current study, we used physiological imaging techniques to assess cerebral blood flow (CBF), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) before and three months after SRS in nine patients with brain metastases. The results showed improvement in OEF, CBF and CMRO2 within brain tissue that recovered from edema (all p ≤ 0.04), while CVR remained impacted. We observed a global post-radiotherapy increase in CBF in healthy-appearing brain tissue (p = 0.02). A repeated measures correlation analysis showed larger reductions within regions exposed to higher radiotherapy doses in CBF (rrm = -0.286, p < 0.001), CMRO2 (rrm = -0.254, p < 0.001), and CVR (rrm = -0.346, p < 0.001), but not in OEF (rrm = -0.004, p = 0.954). Case analyses illustrated the impact of brain metastases progression on the post-radiotherapy changes in both physiological MRI measures and cognitive performance. Our preliminary findings suggest no radiotherapy effects on physiological parameters occurred in healthy-appearing brain tissue within 3-months post-radiotherapy. Nevertheless, as radiotherapy can have late side effects, larger patient samples allowing meaningful grouping of patients and longer follow-ups are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva E. van Grinsven
- Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jordi de Leeuw
- Department of Radiology, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.d.L.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Jeroen C. W. Siero
- Department of Radiology, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.d.L.); (A.A.B.)
- Spinoza Center for Neuroimaging, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost J. C. Verhoeff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands (M.E.P.P.)
| | - Martine J. E. van Zandvoort
- Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Junghun Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14228, USA;
| | - Marielle E. P. Philippens
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands (M.E.P.P.)
| | - Alex A. Bhogal
- Department of Radiology, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.d.L.); (A.A.B.)
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Tagliabue S, Lindner C, da Prat IC, Sanchez-Guerrero A, Serra I, Kacprzak M, Maruccia F, Silva OM, Weigel UM, de Nadal M, Poca MA, Durduran T. Comparison of cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen, blood flow, and bispectral index under general anesthesia. Neurophotonics 2023; 10:015006. [PMID: 36911206 PMCID: PMC9993084 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.10.1.015006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The optical measurement of cerebral oxygen metabolism was evaluated. AIM Compare optically derived cerebral signals to the electroencephalographic bispectral index (BIS) sensors to monitor propofol-induced anesthesia during surgery. APPROACH Relative cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen ( rCMRO 2 ) and blood flow (rCBF) were measured by time-resolved and diffuse correlation spectroscopies. Changes were tested against the relative BIS (rBIS) ones. The synchronism in the changes was also assessed by the R-Pearson correlation. RESULTS In 23 measurements, optically derived signals showed significant changes in agreement with rBIS: during propofol induction, rBIS decreased by 67% [interquartile ranges (IQR) 62% to 71%], rCMRO 2 by 33% (IQR 18% to 46%), and rCBF by 28% (IQR 10% to 37%). During recovery, a significant increase was observed for rBIS (48%, IQR 38% to 55%), rCMRO 2 (29%, IQR 17% to 39%), and rCBF (30%, IQR 10% to 44%). The significance and direction of the changes subject-by-subject were tested: the coupling between the rBIS, rCMRO 2 , and rCBF was witnessed in the majority of the cases (14/18 and 12/18 for rCBF and 19/21 and 13/18 for rCMRO 2 in the initial and final part, respectively). These changes were also correlated in time ( R > 0.69 to R = 1 , p - values < 0.05 ). CONCLUSIONS Optics can reliably monitor rCMRO 2 in such conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Tagliabue
- ICFO – Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claus Lindner
- ICFO – Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Angela Sanchez-Guerrero
- Vall d’Hebron University Hospital Research Institute, Neurotraumatology and Neurosurgery Research Unit, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Serra
- Centre de Recerca Matemàtica, Bellaterra, Spain
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center—Centre Nacional de Supercomputació, Spain
| | - Michał Kacprzak
- ICFO – Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Federica Maruccia
- ICFO – Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d’Hebron University Hospital Research Institute, Neurotraumatology and Neurosurgery Research Unit, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Martinez Silva
- Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Udo M. Weigel
- ICFO – Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- HemoPhotonics S.L., Mediterranean Technology Park, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam de Nadal
- Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Barcelona, Spain
- Universidad Autònoma de Barcelona, Plaça Cívica, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria A. Poca
- Vall d’Hebron University Hospital Research Institute, Neurotraumatology and Neurosurgery Research Unit, Barcelona, Spain
- Universidad Autònoma de Barcelona, Plaça Cívica, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Turgut Durduran
- ICFO – Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
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Kim JH, Taylor AJ, Himmelbach M, Hagberg GE, Scheffler K, Ress D. Characterization of the blood oxygen level dependent hemodynamic response function in human subcortical regions with high spatiotemporal resolution. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1009295. [PMID: 36303946 PMCID: PMC9592726 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1009295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Subcortical brain regions are absolutely essential for normal human function. These phylogenetically early brain regions play critical roles in human behaviors such as the orientation of attention, arousal, and the modulation of sensory signals to cerebral cortex. Despite the critical health importance of subcortical brain regions, there has been a dearth of research on their neurovascular responses. Blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) functional MRI (fMRI) experiments can help fill this gap in our understanding. The BOLD hemodynamic response function (HRF) evoked by brief (<4 s) neural activation is crucial for the interpretation of fMRI results because linear analysis between neural activity and the BOLD response relies on the HRF. Moreover, the HRF is a consequence of underlying local blood flow and oxygen metabolism, so characterization of the HRF enables understanding of neurovascular and neurometabolic coupling. We measured the subcortical HRF at 9.4T and 3T with high spatiotemporal resolution using protocols that enabled reliable delineation of HRFs in individual subjects. These results were compared with the HRF in visual cortex. The HRF was faster in subcortical regions than cortical regions at both field strengths. There was no significant undershoot in subcortical areas while there was a significant post-stimulus undershoot that was tightly coupled with its peak amplitude in cortex. The different BOLD temporal dynamics indicate different vascular dynamics and neurometabolic responses between cortex and subcortical nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hwan Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Amanda J. Taylor
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Marc Himmelbach
- Division of Neuropsychology, Center of Neurology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gisela E. Hagberg
- High Field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Eberhard Karl’s University of Tübingen and University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- High Field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Eberhard Karl’s University of Tübingen and University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - David Ress
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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Chong SH, Ong YH, El Khatib M, Allu SR, Parthasarathy AB, Greenberg JH, Yodh AG, Vinogradov SA. Real-time tracking of brain oxygen gradients and blood flow during functional activation. Neurophotonics 2022; 9:045006. [PMID: 36457848 PMCID: PMC9704417 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.9.4.045006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Significance Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen ( CMRO 2 ) consumption is a key physiological variable that characterizes brain metabolism in a steady state and during functional activation. Aim We aim to develop a minimally invasive optical technique for real-time measurement of CMRO 2 concurrently with cerebral blood flow (CBF). Approach We used a pair of macromolecular phosphorescent probes with nonoverlapping optical spectra, which were localized in the intra- and extravascular compartments of the brain tissue, thus providing a readout of oxygen gradients between these two compartments. In parallel, we measured CBF using laser speckle contrast imaging. Results The method enables computation and tracking of CMRO 2 during functional activation with high temporal resolution ( ∼ 7 Hz ). In contrast to other approaches, our assessment of CMRO 2 does not require measurements of CBF or hemoglobin oxygen saturation. Conclusions The independent records of intravascular and extravascular partial pressures of oxygen, CBF, and CMRO 2 provide information about the physiological events that accompany neuronal activation, creating opportunities for dynamic quantification of brain metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hoon Chong
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Yi Hong Ong
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiation Oncology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Mirna El Khatib
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Srinivasa Rao Allu
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Ashwin B. Parthasarathy
- University of South Florida, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tampa, Florida, United States
| | - Joel H. Greenberg
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Neurology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Arjun G. Yodh
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Sergei A. Vinogradov
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
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Deckers PT, Bhogal AA, Dijsselhof MB, Faraco CC, Liu P, Lu H, Donahue MJ, Siero JC. Hemodynamic and metabolic changes during hypercapnia with normoxia and hyperoxia using pCASL and TRUST MRI in healthy adults. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2022; 42:861-875. [PMID: 34851757 PMCID: PMC9014679 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x211064572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) or arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI with hypercapnic stimuli allow for measuring cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR). Hypercapnic stimuli are also employed in calibrated BOLD functional MRI for quantifying neuronally-evoked changes in cerebral oxygen metabolism (CMRO2). It is often assumed that hypercapnic stimuli (with or without hyperoxia) are iso-metabolic; increasing arterial CO2 or O2 does not affect CMRO2. We evaluated the null hypothesis that two common hypercapnic stimuli, 'CO2 in air' and carbogen, are iso-metabolic. TRUST and ASL MRI were used to measure the cerebral venous oxygenation and cerebral blood flow (CBF), from which the oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and CMRO2 were calculated for room-air, 'CO2 in air' and carbogen. As expected, CBF significantly increased (9.9% ± 9.3% and 12.1% ± 8.8% for 'CO2 in air' and carbogen, respectively). CMRO2 decreased for 'CO2 in air' (-13.4% ± 13.0%, p < 0.01) compared to room-air, while the CMRO2 during carbogen did not significantly change. Our findings indicate that 'CO2 in air' is not iso-metabolic, while carbogen appears to elicit a mixed effect; the CMRO2 reduction during hypercapnia is mitigated when including hyperoxia. These findings can be important for interpreting measurements using hypercapnic or hypercapnic-hyperoxic (carbogen) stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter T Deckers
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Alex A Bhogal
- Department of Radiology, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Mathijs Bj Dijsselhof
- Department of Radiology, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC (location VUmc), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Carlos C Faraco
- Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Peiying Liu
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Manus J Donahue
- Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jeroen Cw Siero
- Department of Radiology, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Hashem M, Shafqat Q, Wu Y, Rho JM, Dunn JF. Abnormal Oxidative Metabolism in the Cuprizone Mouse Model of Demyelination: an in vivo NIRS-MRI Study. Neuroimage 2022; 250:118935. [PMID: 35091079 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.118935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruptions in oxidative metabolism may occur in multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating neurological diseases. The impact of demyelination on metabolic rate is also not understood. It is possible that mitochondrial damage may be associated with many such neurological disorders. To study oxidative metabolism with one model of demyelination, we implemented a novel multimodal imaging technique combining Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) and MRI to cuprizone mouse model. The cuprizone model is used to study demyelination and may be associated with inhibition of mitochondrial function. Cuprizone mice showed reduced oxygen extraction fraction (-39.1%, p≤0.001), increased tissue oxygenation (6.4%, p≤0.001), and reduced cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen in cortical gray matter (-62.1%, p≤0.001). These changes resolved after the cessation of cuprizone exposure and partial remyelination. A decrease in hemoglobin concentration (-34.4%, p≤0.001), but no change in cerebral blood flow were also observed during demyelination. The oxidized state of the mitochondrial enzyme, Cytochrome C Oxidase (CCO) increased (46.3%, p≤0.001) while the reduced state decreased (-34.4%, p≤0.05) significantly in cuprizone mice. The total amount of CCO did not change significantly during cuprizone exposure. Total CCO did decline after recovery both in control (-23.1%, p≤0.01) and cuprizone (-28.8%, p≤0.001) groups which may relate to age. A reduction in the magnetization transfer ratio, indicating demyelination, was found in the cuprizone group in the cerebral cortex (-3.2%, p≤0.01) and corpus callosum (-5.5%, p≤0.001). In summary, we were able to detect evidence of altered CCO metabolism during cuprizone exposure, consistent with a mitochondrial defect. We observed increased oxygenation and reduced metabolic rate associated with reduced myelination in the gray and white matter. The novel multimodal imaging technique applied here shows promise for noninvasively assessing parameters associated with oxidative metabolism in both mouse models of neurological disease and for translation to study oxidative metabolism in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mada Hashem
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1; Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1; Experimental Imaging Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1
| | - Qandeel Shafqat
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1; Experimental Imaging Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1; Experimental Imaging Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1
| | - Jong M Rho
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1
| | - Jeff F Dunn
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1; Experimental Imaging Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1.
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10
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Anwar N, Tucker WJ, Puzziferri N, Samuel TJ, Zaha VG, Lingvay I, Almandoz J, Wang J, Gonzales EA, Brothers RM, Nelson MD, Thomas BP. Cognition and brain oxygen metabolism improves after bariatric surgery-induced weight loss: A pilot study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:954127. [PMID: 36568067 PMCID: PMC9780258 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.954127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary objectives of this pilot study were to assess cognition and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) consumption in people with severe obesity before (baseline), and again, 2- and 14-weeks after sleeve gastrectomy bariatric surgery. METHODS Six people with severe/class 3 obesity (52 ± 10 years, five females, body mass index (BMI) = 41.9 ± 3.9 kg/m2), and 10 normal weight sex- and age-matched healthy controls (HC) (48 ± 6 years, eight females, 22.8 ± 1.9 kg/m2). Global CMRO2 was measured non-invasively using MRI and cognition using the Integneuro testing battery. RESULTS Following a sleeve gastrectomy induced weight loss of 6.4 ± 2.5 kg (% total-body-weight-lost = 5.4) over two-weeks, cognition total scores improved by 0.8 ± 0.5 T-scores (p=0.03, 15.8% improvement from baseline). Weight loss over 14-weeks post-surgery was 15.4 ± 3.6 kg (% total-body-weight-lost = 13.0%) and cognition improved by 1.1 ± 0.4 (p=0.003, 20.6% improvement from baseline). At 14-weeks, cognition was 6.4 ± 0.7, comparable to 6.0 ± 0.6 observed in the HC group. Baseline CMRO2 was significantly higher compared to the HC (230.4 ± 32.9 vs. 177.9 ± 33.9 µmol O2/100 g/min, p=0.02). Compared to baseline, CMRO2 was 234.3 ± 16.2 µmol O2/100 g/min at 2-weeks after surgery (p=0.8, 1.7% higher) and 217.3 ± 50.4 at 14-weeks (p=0.5, 5.7% lower) after surgery. 14-weeks following surgery, CMRO2 was similar to HC (p=0.17). CONCLUSION Sleeve gastrectomy induced weight loss was associated with an increase in cognition and a decrease in CMRO2 observed 14-weeks after surgery. The association between weight loss, improved cognition and CMRO2 decrease should be evaluated in larger future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nareen Anwar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX, United States
| | - Wesley J. Tucker
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Nancy Puzziferri
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - T. Jake Samuel
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Vlad G. Zaha
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Ildiko Lingvay
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
- Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Jaime Almandoz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Edward A. Gonzales
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | | | - Michael D. Nelson
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Binu P. Thomas
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX, United States
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Binu P. Thomas,
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11
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Cho J, Zhang J, Spincemaille P, Zhang H, Hubertus S, Wen Y, Jafari R, Zhang S, Nguyen TD, Dimov AV, Gupta A, Wang Y. QQ-NET - using deep learning to solve quantitative susceptibility mapping and quantitative blood oxygen level dependent magnitude (QSM+qBOLD or QQ) based oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) mapping. Magn Reson Med 2021; 87:1583-1594. [PMID: 34719059 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To improve accuracy and speed of quantitative susceptibility mapping plus quantitative blood oxygen level-dependent magnitude (QSM+qBOLD or QQ) -based oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) mapping using a deep neural network (QQ-NET). METHODS The 3D multi-echo gradient echo images were acquired in 34 ischemic stroke patients and 4 healthy subjects. Arterial spin labeling and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) were also performed in the patients. NET was developed to solve the QQ model inversion problem based on Unet. QQ-based OEF maps were reconstructed with previously introduced temporal clustering, tissue composition, and total variation (CCTV) and NET. The results were compared in simulation, ischemic stroke patients, and healthy subjects using a two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. RESULTS In the simulation, QQ-NET provided more accurate and precise OEF maps than QQ-CCTV with 150 times faster reconstruction speed. In the subacute stroke patients, OEF from QQ-NET had greater contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) between DWI-defined lesions and their unaffected contralateral normal tissue than with QQ-CCTV: 1.9 ± 1.3 vs 6.6 ± 10.7 (p = 0.03). In healthy subjects, both QQ-CCTV and QQ-NET provided uniform OEF maps. CONCLUSION QQ-NET improves the accuracy of QQ-based OEF with faster reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghun Cho
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jinwei Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Pascal Spincemaille
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Simon Hubertus
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yan Wen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Ramin Jafari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thanh D Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexey V Dimov
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ajay Gupta
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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12
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Wu D, Zhou Y, Cho J, Shen N, Li S, Qin Y, Zhang G, Yan S, Xie Y, Zhang S, Zhu W, Wang Y. The Spatiotemporal Evolution of MRI-Derived Oxygen Extraction Fraction and Perfusion in Ischemic Stroke. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:716031. [PMID: 34483830 PMCID: PMC8415351 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.716031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to assess the spatiotemporal evolution of oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) in ischemic stroke with a newly developed cluster analysis of time evolution (CAT) for a combined quantitative susceptibility mapping and quantitative blood oxygen level-dependent model (QSM + qBOLD, QQ). Method One hundred and fifteen patients in different ischemic stroke phases were retrospectively collected for measurement of OEF of the infarcted area defined on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Clinical severity was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Of the 115 patients, 11 underwent two longitudinal MRI scans, namely, three-dimensional (3D) multi-echo gradient recalled echo (mGRE) and 3D pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL), to evaluate the reversal region (RR) of the initial diffusion lesion (IDL) that did not overlap with the final infarct (FI). The temporal evolution of OEF and the cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the IDL, the RR, and the FI were assessed. Results Compared to the contralateral mirror area, the OEF of the infarcted region was decreased regardless of stroke phases (p < 0.05) and showed a declining tendency from the acute to the chronic phase (p = 0.022). Five of the 11 patients with longitudinal scans showed reversal of the IDL. Relative oxygen extraction fraction (rOEF, compared to the contralateral mirror area) of the RR increased from the first to the second MRI (p = 0.044). CBF was about 1.5-fold higher in the IDL than in the contralateral mirror area in the first MRI. Two patients showed penumbra according to the enlarged FI volume. The rOEF of the penumbra fluctuated around 1.0 at earlier scan times and then decreased, while the CBF decreased continuously. Conclusion The spatiotemporal evolution of OEF and perfusion in ischemic lesions is heterogeneous, and the CAT-based QQ method is feasible to capture cerebral oxygen metabolic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiran Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junghun Cho
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Nanxi Shen
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shihui Li
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qin
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guiling Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Su Yan
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzhen Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
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13
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Wei Z, Xu J, Chen L, Hirschler L, Barbier EL, Li T, Wong PC, Lu H. Brain metabolism in tau and amyloid mouse models of Alzheimer's disease: An MRI study. NMR Biomed 2021; 34:e4568. [PMID: 34050996 PMCID: PMC9574887 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of cognitive impairment and dementia in elderly individuals. According to the current biomarker framework for "unbiased descriptive classification", biomarkers of neurodegeneration, "N", constitute a critical component in the tri-category "A/T/N" system. Current biomarkers of neurodegeneration suffer from potential drawbacks such as requiring invasive lumbar puncture, involving ionizing radiation, or representing a late, irreversible marker. Recent human studies have suggested that reduced brain oxygen metabolism may be a new functional marker of neurodegeneration in AD, but the heterogeneity and the presence of mixed pathology in human patients did not allow a full understanding of the role of oxygen extraction and metabolism in AD. In this report, global brain oxygen metabolism and related physiological parameters were studied in two AD mouse models with relatively pure pathology, using advanced MRI techniques including T2 -relaxation-under-spin-tagging (TRUST) and phase contrast (PC) MRI. Additionally, regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) was determined with pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling. Reduced global oxygen extraction fraction (by -18.7%, p = 0.008), unit-mass cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2 ) (by -17.4%, p = 0.04) and total CMRO2 (by -30.8%, p < 0.001) were observed in Tau4RΔK mice-referred to as the tau AD model-which manifested pronounced neurodegeneration, as measured by diminished brain volume (by -15.2%, p < 0.001). Global and regional CBF in these mice were not different from those of wild-type mice (p > 0.05), suggesting normal vascular function. By contrast, in B6;SJL-Tg [APPSWE]2576Kha (APP) mice-referred to as the amyloid AD model-no brain volume reduction, as well as relatively intact brain oxygen extraction and metabolism, were found (p > 0.05). Consistent with the imaging data, behavioral measures of walking distance were impaired in Tau4RΔK mice (p = 0.004), but not in APP mice (p = 0.88). Collectively, these findings support the hypothesis that noninvasive MRI measurement of brain oxygen metabolism may be a promising biomarker of neurodegeneration in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Wei
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jiadi Xu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lin Chen
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Lydiane Hirschler
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
- C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Emmanuel L. Barbier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Philip C. Wong
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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14
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Liu D, Jiang D, Tekes A, Kulikowicz E, Martin LJ, Lee JK, Liu P, Qin Q. Multi-Parametric Evaluation of Cerebral Hemodynamics in Neonatal Piglets Using Non-Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods. J Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 54:1053-1065. [PMID: 33955613 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disruption of brain oxygen delivery and consumption after hypoxic-ischemic injury contributes to neonatal mortality and neurological impairment. Measuring cerebral hemodynamic parameters, including cerebral blood flow (CBF), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2 ), is clinically important. PURPOSE Phase-contrast (PC), velocity-selective arterial spin labeling (VSASL), and T2 -relaxation-under-phase-contrast (TRUPC) are magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques that have shown promising results in assessing cerebral hemodynamics in humans. We aimed to test their feasibility in quantifying CBF, OEF, and CMRO2 in piglets. STUDY TYPE Prospective. ANIMAL MODEL Ten neonatal piglets subacutely recovered from global hypoxia-ischemia (N = 2), excitotoxic brain injury (N = 6), or sham procedure (N = 2). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE VSASL, TRUPC, and PC MRI acquired at 3.0 T. ASSESSMENT Regional CBF was measured by VSASL. Global CBF was quantified by both PC and VSASL. TRUPC assessed OEF at the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) and internal cerebral veins (ICVs). CMRO2 was calculated from global CBF and SSS-derived OEF. End-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2 ) levels of the piglets were also measured. Brain damage was assessed in tissue sections postmortem by counting damaged neurons. STATISTICAL TESTS Spearman correlations were performed to evaluate associations among CBF (by PC or VSASL), OEF, CMRO2 , EtCO2 , and the pathological neuron counts. Paired t-test was used to compare OEF at SSS with OEF at ICV. RESULTS Global CBF was 32.1 ± 14.9 mL/100 g/minute and 30.9 ± 8.3 mL/100 g/minute for PC and VSASL, respectively, showing a significant correlation (r = 0.82, P < 0.05). OEF was 54.9 ± 8.8% at SSS and 46.1 ± 5.6% at ICV, showing a significant difference (P < 0.05). Global CMRO2 was 79.1 ± 26.2 μmol/100 g/minute and 77.2 ± 12.2 μmol/100 g/minute using PC and VSASL-derived CBF, respectively. EtCO2 correlated positively with PC-based CBF (r = 0.81, P < 0.05) but negatively with OEF at SSS (r = -0.84, P < 0.05). Relative CBF of subcortical brain regions and OEF at ICV did not significantly correlate, respectively, with the ratios of degenerating-to-total neurons (P = 0.30, P = 0.10). DATA CONCLUSION Non-contrast MRI can quantify cerebral hemodynamic parameters in normal and brain-injured neonatal piglets. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE: 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Liu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dengrong Jiang
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Aylin Tekes
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ewa Kulikowicz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lee J Martin
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer K Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Peiying Liu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Qin Qin
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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15
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Baligand C, Barret O, Tourais A, Pérot JB, Thenadey D, Petit F, Liot G, Gaillard MC, Flament J, Dhenain M, Valette J. Zero Echo Time 17O-MRI Reveals Decreased Cerebral Metabolic Rate of Oxygen Consumption in a Murine Model of Amyloidosis. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11050263. [PMID: 33922384 PMCID: PMC8145383 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11050263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption (CMRO2) is a key metric to investigate the mechanisms involved in neurodegeneration in animal models and evaluate potential new therapies. CMRO2 can be measured by direct 17O magnetic resonance imaging (17O-MRI) of H217O signal changes during inhalation of 17O-labeled oxygen gas. In this study, we built a simple gas distribution system and used 3D zero echo time (ZTE-)MRI at 11.7 T to measure CMRO2 in the APPswe/PS1dE9 mouse model of amyloidosis. We found that CMRO2 was significantly lower in the APPswe/PS1dE9 brain than in wild-type at 12-14 months. We also estimated cerebral blood flow (CBF) from the post-inhalation washout curve and found no difference between groups. These results suggest that the lower CMRO2 observed in APPswe/PS1dE9 is likely due to metabolism impairment rather than to reduced blood flow. Analysis of the 17O-MRI data using different quantification models (linear and 3-phase model) showed that the choice of the model does not affect group comparison results. However, the simplified linear model significantly underestimated the absolute CMRO2 values compared to a 3-phase model. This may become of importance when combining several metabolic fluxes measurements to study neuro-metabolic coupling.
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16
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Henriksen OM, Gjedde A, Vang K, Law I, Aanerud J, Rostrup E. Regional and interindividual relationships between cerebral perfusion and oxygen metabolism. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 130:1836-1847. [PMID: 33830816 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00939.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative measurements of resting cerebral blood flow (CBF) and metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) show large between-subject and regional variability, but the relationships between CBF and CMRO2 measurements regionally and globally are not fully established. Here, we investigated the between-subject and regional associations between CBF and CMRO2 measures with independent and quantitative PET techniques. We included resting CBF and CMRO2 measurements from 50 healthy volunteers (aged 22-81 yr), and calculated the regional and global values of oxygen delivery (Do2) and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF). Linear mixed-model analysis showed that CBF and CMRO2 measurements were closely associated regionally, but no significant between-subject association could be demonstrated, even when adjusting for arterial Pco2 and hemoglobin concentration. The analysis also showed regional differences of OEF, reflecting variable relationship between Do2 and CMRO2, resulting in lower estimates of OEF in thalami, brainstem, and mesial temporal cortices and higher estimates of OEF in occipital cortex. In the present study, we demonstrated no between-subject association of quantitative measurements of CBF and CMRO2 in healthy subjects. Thus, quantitative measurements of CBF did not reflect the underlying between-subject variability of oxygen metabolism measures, mainly because of large interindividual OEF variability not accounted for by Pco2 and hemoglobin concentration.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Using quantitative PET-measurements in healthy human subjects, we confirmed a regional association of CBF and CMRO2, but did not find an association of these values across subjects. This suggests that subjects have an individual coupling between perfusion and metabolism and shows that absolute perfusion measurements does not serve as a surrogate measure of individual measures of oxygen metabolism. The analysis further showed smaller, but significant regional differences of oxygen extraction fraction at rest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otto M Henriksen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Albert Gjedde
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Aarhus University and University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University and University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kim Vang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University and University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ian Law
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joel Aanerud
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University and University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Egill Rostrup
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Mental Health Center Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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17
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Wilson RH, Crouzet C, Torabzadeh M, Bazrafkan A, Maki N, Tromberg BJ, Akbari Y, Choi B. High-speed quantitative optical imaging of absolute metabolism in the rat cortex. Neurophotonics 2021; 8:025001. [PMID: 33842666 PMCID: PMC8027868 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.8.2.025001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Quantitative measures of blood flow and metabolism are essential for improved assessment of brain health and response to ischemic injury. Aim: We demonstrate a multimodal technique for measuring the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen ( CMRO 2 ) in the rodent brain on an absolute scale ( μ M O 2 / min ). Approach: We use laser speckle imaging at 809 nm and spatial frequency domain imaging at 655, 730, and 850 nm to obtain spatiotemporal maps of cerebral blood flow, tissue absorption ( μ a ), and tissue scattering ( μ s ' ). Knowledge of these three values enables calculation of a characteristic blood flow speed, which in turn is input to a mathematical model with a "zero-flow" boundary condition to calculate absolute CMRO 2 . We apply this method to a rat model of cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. With this model, the zero-flow condition occurs during entry into CA. Results: The CMRO 2 values calculated with our method are in good agreement with those measured with magnetic resonance and positron emission tomography by other groups. Conclusions: Our technique provides a quantitative metric of absolute cerebral metabolism that can potentially be used for comparison between animals and longitudinal monitoring of a single animal over multiple days. Though this report focuses on metabolism in a model of ischemia and reperfusion, this technique can potentially be applied to far broader types of acute brain injury and whole-body pathological occurrences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H. Wilson
- University of California, Department of Medicine, Irvine, California, United States
- University of California, Beckman Laser Institute, Irvine, California, United States
- University of California, Health Policy Research Institute, Irvine, California, United States
- Address all correspondence to Bernard Choi, ; Yama Akbari, ; Robert H. Wilson,
| | - Christian Crouzet
- University of California, Beckman Laser Institute, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Mohammad Torabzadeh
- University of California, Department of Medicine, Irvine, California, United States
- University of California, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Afsheen Bazrafkan
- University of California, Department of Neurology, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Niki Maki
- University of California, Department of Neurology, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Bruce J. Tromberg
- University of California, Beckman Laser Institute, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Yama Akbari
- University of California, Department of Neurology, Irvine, California, United States
- University of California, School of Medicine, Irvine, California, United States
- Address all correspondence to Bernard Choi, ; Yama Akbari, ; Robert H. Wilson,
| | - Bernard Choi
- University of California, Beckman Laser Institute, Irvine, California, United States
- University of California, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Irvine, California, United States
- University of California, Department of Surgery, Irvine, California, United States
- Address all correspondence to Bernard Choi, ; Yama Akbari, ; Robert H. Wilson,
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18
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Wei Z, Wang Q, Modi HR, Cho SM, Geocadin R, Thakor NV, Lu H. Acute-stage MRI cerebral oxygen consumption biomarkers predict 24-hour neurological outcome in a rat cardiac arrest model. NMR Biomed 2020; 33:e4377. [PMID: 32662593 PMCID: PMC7541582 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Brain injury following cardiac arrest (CA) is thought to be caused by a sudden loss of blood flow resulting in disruption in oxygen delivery, neural function and metabolism. However, temporal trajectories of the brain's physiology in the first few hours following CA have not been fully characterized. Furthermore, the extent to which these early measures can predict future neurological outcomes has not been determined. The present study sought to perform dynamic measurements of cerebral blood flow (CBF), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2 ) with MRI in the first 3 hours following the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in a rat CA model. It was found that CBF, OEF and CMRO2 all revealed a time-dependent increase during the first 3 hours after the ROSC. Furthermore, the temporal trajectories of CBF and CMRO2 , but not OEF, were different across rats and related to neurologic outcomes at a later time (24 hours after the ROSC) (P < .001). Rats who manifested better outcomes revealed faster increases in CBF and CMRO2 during the acute stage. When investigating physiological parameters measured at a single time point, CBF (ρ = 0.82, P = .004) and CMRO2 (ρ = 0.80, P = .006) measured at ~ 3 hours post-ROSC were positively associated with neurologic outcome scores at 24 hours. These findings shed light on brain physiological changes following CA, and suggest that MRI measures of brain perfusion and metabolism may provide a potential biomarker to guide post-CA management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Wei
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Qihong Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Blood Oxygen Transport and Hemostasis, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hiren R. Modi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sung-Min Cho
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Romergryko Geocadin
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nitish V. Thakor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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19
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Abstract
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) are physiological parameters that not only reflect brain health and disease but also jointly contribute to blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals. Nevertheless, unsolved issues remain concerning the CBF-CMRO2 relationship in the working brain under various oxygen conditions. In particular, the CMRO2 responses to functional tasks in hypoxia are less studied. We extended the calibrated BOLD model to incorporate CMRO2 measurements in hypoxia. The extended model, which was cross-validated with a multicompartment BOLD model, considers the influences of the reduced arterial saturation level and increased baseline cerebral blood volume (CBV) and deoxyhemoglobin concentration on the changes of BOLD signals in hypoxia. By implementing a pulse sequence to simultaneously acquire the CBV-, CBF- and BOLD-weighted signals, we investigated the effects of mild hypoxia on the CBF and CMRO2 responses to graded visual stimuli. Compared with normoxia, mild hypoxia caused significant alterations in both the amplitude and the trend of the CMRO2 responses but did not impact the corresponding CBF responses. Our observations suggested that the flow-metabolism coupling strategies in the brain during mild hypoxia were different from those during normoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyu Zhang
- Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yayan Yin
- Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and Engineering, Institute of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huanjie Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Jia-Hong Gao
- Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and Engineering, Institute of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.,McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
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20
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Zhang S, Cho J, Nguyen TD, Spincemaille P, Gupta A, Zhu W, Wang Y. Initial Experience of Challenge-Free MRI-Based Oxygen Extraction Fraction Mapping of Ischemic Stroke at Various Stages: Comparison With Perfusion and Diffusion Mapping. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:535441. [PMID: 33041755 PMCID: PMC7525031 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.535441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MRI-based oxygen extraction fraction imaging has a great potential benefit in the selection of clinical strategies for ischemic stroke patients. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a challenge-free oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) mapping in a cohort of acute and subacute ischemic stroke patients. Consecutive ischemic stroke patients (a total of 30 with 5 in the acute stage, 19 in the early subacute stage, and 6 in the late subacute stage) were recruited. All subjects underwent MRI including multi-echo gradient echo (mGRE), diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), and 3D-arterial spin labeling (ASL). OEF maps were generated from mGRE phase + magnitude data, which were processed using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) + quantitative blood oxygen level-dependent (qBOLD) imaging with cluster analysis of time evolution. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were reconstructed from 3D-ASL and DWI, respectively. Further, cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) was calculated as the product of CBF and OEF. OEF, CMRO2, CBF, and ADC values in the ischemic cores (absolute values) and their contrasts to the contralateral regions (relative values) were evaluated. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare OEF, CMRO2, CBF, and ADC values and their relative values among different stroke stages. The OEF value of infarct core showed a trend of decrease from acute, to early subacute, and to late subacute stages of ischemic stroke. Significant differences among the three stroke stages were only observed in the absolute OEF (F = 6.046, p = 0.005) and relative OEF (F = 5.699, p = 0.009) values of the ischemic core, but not in other measurements (absolute and relative CMRO2, CBF, ADC values, all values of p > 0.05). In conclusion, the challenge-free QSM + qBOLD-generated OEF mapping can be performed on stroke patients. It can provide more information on tissue viability that was not available with CBF and ADC and, thus, may help to better manage ischemic stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junghun Cho
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Thanh D. Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Pascal Spincemaille
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ajay Gupta
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Wenzhen Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
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21
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Englund EK, Fernández-Seara MA, Rodríguez-Soto AE, Lee H, Rodgers ZB, Vidorreta M, Detre JA, Wehrli FW. Calibrated fMRI for dynamic mapping of CMRO 2 responses using MR-based measurements of whole-brain venous oxygen saturation. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2020; 40:1501-1516. [PMID: 31394960 PMCID: PMC7308517 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x19867276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Functional MRI (fMRI) can identify active foci in response to stimuli through BOLD signal fluctuations, which represent a complex interplay between blood flow and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) changes. Calibrated fMRI can disentangle the underlying contributions, allowing quantification of the CMRO2 response. Here, whole-brain venous oxygen saturation (Yv) was computed alongside ASL-measured CBF and BOLD-weighted data to derive the calibration constant, M, using the proposed Yv-based calibration. Data were collected from 10 subjects at 3T with a three-part interleaved sequence comprising background-suppressed 3D-pCASL, 2D BOLD-weighted, and single-slice dual-echo GRE (to measure Yv via susceptometry-based oximetry) acquisitions while subjects breathed normocapnic/normoxic, hyperoxic, and hypercapnic gases, and during a motor task. M was computed via Yv-based calibration from both hypercapnia and hyperoxia stimulus data, and results were compared to conventional hypercapnia or hyperoxia calibration methods. Mean M in gray matter did not significantly differ between calibration methods, ranging from 8.5 ± 2.8% (conventional hyperoxia calibration) to 11.7 ± 4.5% (Yv-based calibration in response to hyperoxia), with hypercapnia-based M values between (p = 0.56). Relative CMRO2 changes from finger tapping were computed from each M map. CMRO2 increased by ∼20% in the motor cortex, and good agreement was observed between the conventional and proposed calibration methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin K Englund
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic and Functional Imaging (LSPFI), Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Ana E Rodríguez-Soto
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic and Functional Imaging (LSPFI), Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hyunyeol Lee
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic and Functional Imaging (LSPFI), Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zachary B Rodgers
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic and Functional Imaging (LSPFI), Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marta Vidorreta
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Siemens Healthineers, Madrid, Spain
| | - John A Detre
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Felix W Wehrli
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic and Functional Imaging (LSPFI), Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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22
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Wei Z, Chen L, Hou X, van Zijl PCM, Xu J, Lu H. Age-Related Alterations in Brain Perfusion, Venous Oxygenation, and Oxygen Metabolic Rate of Mice: A 17-Month Longitudinal MRI Study. Front Neurol 2020; 11:559. [PMID: 32595596 PMCID: PMC7304368 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Characterization of physiological parameters of the aging brain, such as perfusion and brain metabolism, is important for understanding brain function and diseases. Aging studies on human brain have mostly been based on the cross-sectional design, while the few longitudinal studies used relatively short follow-up time compared to the lifespan. Objectives: To determine the longitudinal time courses of cerebral physiological parameters across the adult lifespan in mice. Methods: The present work examined longitudinal changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral venous oxygenation (Yv), and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) using MRI in healthy C57BL/6 mice from 3 to 20 months of age. Each mouse received 16 imaging sessions at an ~1-month interval. Results: Significant increases with age were observed in CBF (p = 0.017) and CMRO2 (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, Yv revealed a significant decrease (p = 0.002) with a non-linear pattern (p = 0.013). The rate of change was 0.87, 2.26, and -0.24% per month for CBF, CMRO2, and Yv, respectively. On the other hand, systemic parameters such as heart rate did not show a significant age dependence (p = 0.47). No white-matter-hyperintensities (WMH) were observed on the T2-weighted image at any age of the mice. Conclusion: With age, the mouse brain revealed an increase in oxygen consumption. This observation is consistent with previous findings in humans using a cross-sectional design and suggests a degradation of the brain's energy production or utilization machinery. Cerebral perfusion remains relatively intact in aged mice, at least until 20 months of age, consistent with the absence of WMH in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Wei
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA, United States
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MA, United States
| | - Lin Chen
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA, United States
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MA, United States
| | - Xirui Hou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA, United States
| | - Peter C. M. van Zijl
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA, United States
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MA, United States
| | - Jiadi Xu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA, United States
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MA, United States
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA, United States
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MA, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA, United States
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23
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Cho J, Zhang S, Kee Y, Spincemaille P, Nguyen TD, Hubertus S, Gupta A, Wang Y. Cluster analysis of time evolution (CAT) for quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and quantitative blood oxygen level-dependent magnitude (qBOLD)-based oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO 2 ) mapping. Magn Reson Med 2019; 83:844-857. [PMID: 31502723 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To improve the accuracy of QSM plus quantitative blood oxygen level-dependent magnitude (QSM + qBOLD or QQ)-based mapping of the oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2 ) using cluster analysis of time evolution (CAT). METHODS 3D multi-echo gradient echo and arterial spin labeling images were acquired in 11 healthy subjects and 5 ischemic stroke patients. DWI was also carried out on patients. CAT was developed for analyzing signal evolution over TE. QQ-based OEF and CMRO2 were reconstructed with and without CAT, and results were compared using region of interest analysis and a paired t-test. RESULTS Simulations demonstrated that CAT substantially reduced noise error in QQ-based OEF. In healthy subjects, QQ-based OEF appeared less noisy and more uniform with CAT than without CAT; average OEF with and without CAT in cortical gray matter was 32.7 ± 4.0% and 37.9 ± 4.5%, with corresponding CMRO2 of 148.4 ± 23.8 and 171.4 ± 22.4 μmol/100 g/min, respectively. In patients, regions of low OEF were confined within the ischemic lesions defined on DWI when using CAT, which was not observed without CAT. CONCLUSION The cluster analysis of time evolution (CAT) significantly improves the robustness of QQ-based OEF against noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghun Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Youngwook Kee
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | | | - Thanh D Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Simon Hubertus
- Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ajay Gupta
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
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24
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Liu P, Parkinson C, Jiang D, Ouyang M, De Vis JB, Northington FJ, Tekes A, Huang H, Huisman TA, Golden WC. Characterization of MRI techniques to assess neonatal brain oxygenation and blood flow. NMR Biomed 2019; 32:e4103. [PMID: 31038246 PMCID: PMC6581605 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in applying physiological MRI in neonates, based on the premise that physiological parameters may provide an early biomarker of neonatal brain health and injury. Two commonly used techniques are oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) measurement using T2 -relaxation-under-spin-tagging (TRUST) MRI and cerebral blood flow measurement using phase-contrast (PC) quantitative flow MRI, which collectively provide an assessment of the brain's oxygen consumption. However, prior research has only demonstrated proof of principle of these methods in neonates, without characterization or benchmarking of the techniques. This is because available time is limited in neonatal subjects, especially when scans are performed as add-ons to clinical scans (typically less than 5 min). The work presented aims to examine the TRUST and PC MRI sequences systematically in normal neonates, through research-dedicated scan sessions. A series of characterization and optimization studies were conducted in a total of 26 radiographically normal neonates on 3 T systems. Our results show that TRUST MRI at the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) provides an OEF measurement equivalent to that at the internal jugular vein (r = 0.80, n = 10), yet with shorter scan time. Lower resolution provided better precision in the TRUST measurement (p = 0.001, n = 9). Therefore, the preferred OEF measurement is to apply TRUST MRI at the SSS using a spatial resolution of 2.5 mm. For PC MRI, our results showed that non-gated PC MRI yielded blood flow measurements comparable to those from the more time-consuming gated approach in neonates (r = 0.89, n = 7). It was also found that blood flow could be overestimated by 18% when imaging resolution is larger than 0.3 mm (n = 7). Therefore, non-gated PC MRI with a spatial resolution of 0.3 mm is recommended for neonatal applications. In conclusion, this study verifies consistency of neonatal brain oxygenation and flow measurements across acquisition schemes and points to optimal strategies in parameter selection when using these sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiying Liu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Charlamaine Parkinson
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dengrong Jiang
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Minhui Ouyang
- Radiology Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jill B. De Vis
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Frances J. Northington
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Aylin Tekes
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hao Huang
- Radiology Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Thierry A.G.M. Huisman
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - W. Christopher Golden
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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25
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Macaisa CM, Watabe T, Liu Y, Romanov V, Kanai Y, Horitsugi G, Kato H, Shimosegawa E, Hatazawa J. Preserved Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism in Astrocytic Dysfunction: A Combination Study of 15O-Gas PET with 14C-Acetate Autoradiography. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9050101. [PMID: 31058865 PMCID: PMC6562644 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9050101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorocitrate (FC) is a specific metabolic inhibitor of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in astrocytes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether inhibition of the astrocyte TCA cycle by FC would affect the oxygen metabolism in the rat brain. At 4 h after the intracranial FC injection, the rats (n = 9) were investigated by 15O-labeled gas PET to measure the cerebral blood flow (CBF), the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and cerebral blood volume (CBV). After the 15O-gas PET, the rats were given an intravenous injection of 14C-acetate for autoradiography. 15O-gas PET showed no significant differences in any of the measured parameters between the ipsilateral and contralateral striatum (high dose group: CBF (54.4 ± 8.8 and 55.3 ± 11.6 mL/100mL/min), CMRO2 (7.0 ± 0.9 and 7.1 ± 1.2 mL/100mL/min), OEF (72.0 ± 8.9 and 70.8 ± 8.2%), and CBV (4.1 ± 0.8 and 4.2 ± 0.9 mL/100mL), respectively). In contrast, the 14C-acetate autoradiography revealed a significant inhibition of the astrocyte metabolism in the ipsilateral striatum. The regional cerebral oxygen consumption as well as the hemodynamic parameters were maintained even in the face of inhibition of the astrocyte TCA cycle metabolism in the rat brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Mari Macaisa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Watabe
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yuwei Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Victor Romanov
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yasukazu Kanai
- Department of Molecular Imaging in Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine,Suita 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Genki Horitsugi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Kato
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Eku Shimosegawa
- Department of Molecular Imaging in Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine,Suita 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Jun Hatazawa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan.
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26
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Karthikeyan S, Fiksenbaum L, Grigorian A, Lu H, MacIntosh BJ, Goldstein BI. Normal Cerebral Oxygen Consumption Despite Elevated Cerebral Blood Flow in Adolescents With Bipolar Disorder: Putative Neuroimaging Evidence of Anomalous Energy Metabolism. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:739. [PMID: 31681045 PMCID: PMC6798187 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) is reportedly altered in both adolescents and adults with bipolar disorder (BD). Whether these CBF differences are part of an overall imbalance in cerebral energy homeostasis remains unknown. Therefore, we examined global cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption (CMRO2) as a physiological index of brain metabolism in adolescents with and without BD. Methods: One hundred and fifteen adolescents (mean age 17.3 ± 1.4 years), including 58 BD (type I, II, or not otherwise specified [NOS]) and 57 age-matched healthy controls (HCs) participated in this magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study. Global estimates for venous blood oxygenation (Yv) and grey matter CBF were measured using T2-relaxation-under-spin-tagging (TRUST) and arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI, respectively. CMRO2 was calculated using the Fick principle of arteriovenous difference to test for a group difference. We also examined CMRO2 in relation to mood states (i.e. euthymic, depressed, or hypomanic/mixed). Results: Although CBF was significantly higher in BD compared to HCs, there was no group difference in global CMRO2, nor Yv. Meanwhile, Yv significantly decreased with age, and females tended to have greater CBF and CMRO2 in comparison to males. Lastly, there was no significant association between CMRO2 and mood states. Conclusions: Our results indicate a potential mismatch between cerebral blood supply and oxygen metabolism in BD, suggesting inefficiency in energy homeostasis in the brain. Mapping CMRO2 would provide the spatial resolution to investigate regional alterations in metabolism, particularly in the brain regions where CBF is increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Karthikeyan
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lisa Fiksenbaum
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anahit Grigorian
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Bradley J MacIntosh
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benjamin I Goldstein
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Harris SS, Boorman LW, Das D, Kennerley AJ, Sharp PS, Martin C, Redgrave P, Schwartz TH, Berwick J. Physiological and Pathological Brain Activation in the Anesthetized Rat Produces Hemodynamic-Dependent Cortical Temperature Increases That Can Confound the BOLD fMRI Signal. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:550. [PMID: 30154690 PMCID: PMC6102348 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Anesthetized rodent models are ubiquitous in pre-clinical neuroimaging studies. However, because the associated cerebral morphology and experimental methodology results in a profound negative brain-core temperature differential, cerebral temperature changes during functional activation are likely to be principally driven by local inflow of fresh, core-temperature, blood. This presents a confound to the interpretation of blood-oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data acquired from such models, since this signal is also critically temperature-dependent. Nevertheless, previous investigation on the subject is surprisingly sparse. Here, we address this issue through use of a novel multi-modal methodology in the urethane anesthetized rat. We reveal that sensory stimulation, hypercapnia and recurrent acute seizures induce significant increases in cortical temperature that are preferentially correlated to changes in total hemoglobin concentration (Hbt), relative to cerebral blood flow and oxidative metabolism. Furthermore, using a phantom-based evaluation of the effect of such temperature changes on the BOLD fMRI signal, we demonstrate a robust inverse relationship between both variables. These findings suggest that temperature increases, due to functional hyperemia, should be accounted for to ensure accurate interpretation of BOLD fMRI signals in pre-clinical neuroimaging studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel S Harris
- Neurovascular and Neuroimaging Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Luke W Boorman
- Neurovascular and Neuroimaging Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Devashish Das
- Neurovascular and Neuroimaging Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Aneurin J Kennerley
- Neurovascular and Neuroimaging Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Paul S Sharp
- Neurovascular and Neuroimaging Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Martin
- Neurovascular and Neuroimaging Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Redgrave
- Neurovascular and Neuroimaging Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Theodore H Schwartz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jason Berwick
- Neurovascular and Neuroimaging Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Sheng M, Lu H, Liu P, Li Y, Ravi H, Peng SL, Diaz-Arrastia R, Devous MD, Womack KB. Sildenafil Improves Vascular and Metabolic Function in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 60:1351-1364. [PMID: 29036811 DOI: 10.3233/jad-161006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of degenerative dementia in the aging population. Patients with AD have alterations in cerebral hemodynamic function including reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate. Therefore, improved cerebrovascular function may be an attractive goal for pharmaceutical intervention in AD. OBJECTIVE We wished to observe the acute effects of sildenafil on cerebrovascular function and brain metabolism in patients with AD. METHODS We used several novel non-invasive MRI techniques to investigate the alterations of CBF, cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2), and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) after a single dose of sildenafil administration in order to assess its physiological effects in patients with AD. CBF, CMRO2, and CVR measurements using MRI were performed before and one hour after the oral administration of 50 mg sildenafil. Baseline Montreal Cognitive Assessment score was also obtained. RESULTS Complete CBF and CMRO2 data were obtained in twelve patients. Complete CVR data were obtained in eight patients. Global CBF and CMRO2 significantly increased (p = 0.03, p = 0.05, respectively) following sildenafil administration. Voxel-wise analyses of CBF maps showed that increased CBF was most pronounced in the bilateral medial temporal lobes. CVR significantly decreased after administration of sildenafil. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that a single dose of sildenafil improves cerebral hemodynamic function and increases cerebral oxygen metabolism in patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sheng
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Radiology, Beijing Eden Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peiying Liu
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Harshan Ravi
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shin-Lei Peng
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ramon Diaz-Arrastia
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael D Devous
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kyle B Womack
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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29
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Bush AM, Coates TD, Wood JC. Diminished cerebral oxygen extraction and metabolic rate in sickle cell disease using T2 relaxation under spin tagging MRI. Magn Reson Med 2018; 80:294-303. [PMID: 29194727 PMCID: PMC5876140 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE T2 MRI oximetry can noninvasively determine oxygen saturation (Y) but requires empirical MR calibration models to convert the measured blood transverse relaxation (T2b ) into Y. The accuracy of existing T2b models in the presence of blood disorders such as sickle cell disease (SCD) remains unknown. METHODS A Carr Purcell Meiboom Gill T2 preparation sequence was used to make 83 whole blood measurements from 11 subjects with SCD to derive an ex vivo sickle hemoglobin (HbS) T2b model. Forearm venous blood gas, sagittal sinus T2 (T2 Relaxation Under Spin Tagging) and total brain blood flow (phase contrast MRI) were measured in 37 healthy controls and 33 SCD subjects (age 24.6 ± 10.2 years). Cerebral oxygen saturation, extraction fraction, and metabolic rate estimates were calculated using three separate T2b models. Cerebral and forearm oxygen extraction fraction were compared. RESULTS Ex vivo, SCD blood had greater saturation dependent relaxivity than control blood, with a weak dependence on HbS and no dependence on hematocrit. In vivo, the HbS T2b model predicted Yv values with lowest coefficient of variation (compared with existing T2b models) and the strongest correlation with peripheral venous oximetry (r2 = .29). The HbS T2b model predicted systematically higher Yv measurements in SCD patients (73 ± 5 and 61 ± 6; P < 0.0001) which was mirrored by peripheral venous measurements (75 ± 20 and 45 ± 20; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Cerebral and peripheral oxygen extraction are decreased in SCD patients, suggesting either blood flow is increased beyond metabolic demands or the presence of physiological arterial-venous shunting. Magn Reson Med 80:294-303, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Bush
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Thomas D Coates
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - John C Wood
- Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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30
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Cho J, Kee Y, Spincemaille P, Nguyen TD, Zhang J, Gupta A, Zhang S, Wang Y. Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO 2 ) mapping by combining quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and quantitative blood oxygenation level-dependent imaging (qBOLD). Magn Reson Med 2018. [PMID: 29516537 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To map the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2 ) by estimating the oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) from gradient echo imaging (GRE) using phase and magnitude of the GRE data. THEORY AND METHODS 3D multi-echo gradient echo imaging and perfusion imaging with arterial spin labeling were performed in 11 healthy subjects. CMRO2 and OEF maps were reconstructed by joint quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) to process GRE phases and quantitative blood oxygen level-dependent (qBOLD) modeling to process GRE magnitudes. Comparisons with QSM and qBOLD alone were performed using ROI analysis, paired t-tests, and Bland-Altman plot. RESULTS The average CMRO2 value in cortical gray matter across subjects were 140.4 ± 14.9, 134.1 ± 12.5, and 184.6 ± 17.9 μmol/100 g/min, with corresponding OEFs of 30.9 ± 3.4%, 30.0 ± 1.8%, and 40.9 ± 2.4% for methods based on QSM, qBOLD, and QSM+qBOLD, respectively. QSM+qBOLD provided the highest CMRO2 contrast between gray and white matter, more uniform OEF than QSM, and less noisy OEF than qBOLD. CONCLUSION Quantitative CMRO2 mapping that fits the entire complex GRE data is feasible by combining QSM analysis of phase and qBOLD analysis of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghun Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Youngwook Kee
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Pascal Spincemaille
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thanh D Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Ajay Gupta
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
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31
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Vestergaard MB, Henriksen OM, Lindberg U, Aachmann-Andersen NJ, Lisbjerg K, Christensen SJ, Olsen NV, Law I, Larsson HBW, Rasmussen P. No evidence for direct effects of recombinant human erythropoietin on cerebral blood flow and metabolism in healthy humans. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 124:1107-1116. [PMID: 29357480 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00869.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is expressed in human brain tissue, but its exact role is unknown. EPO may improve the efficiency of oxidative metabolism and has neuroprotective properties against hypoxic injuries in animal models. We aimed to investigate the effect of recombinant human EPO (rHuEPO) administration on healthy cerebral metabolism in humans during normoxia and during metabolic stress by inhalation of 10% O2 hypoxic air. Twenty-four healthy men participated in a two-arm double-blind placebo-controlled trial. rHuEPO was administered as a low dose (5,000 IU) over 4 wk ( n = 12) or as a high dose (500 IU·kg body wt-1·day-1) for three consecutive days ( n = 12). Global cerebral blood flow (CBF) and metabolic rate of glucose (CMRglc) were measured with positron emission tomography. CBF, metabolic rate of oxygen ([Formula: see text]), and cerebral lactate concentration were measured by magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. Low-dose treatment increased hemoglobin and was associated with a near-significant decrease in CBF during baseline normoxia. High-dose treatment caused no change in CBF. Neither treatment had an effect on normoxia CMRglc, [Formula: see text], or lactate concentration or an effect on the cerebral metabolic response to inhalation of hypoxic air. In conclusion, the study found no evidence for a direct effect of rHuEPO on cerebral metabolism. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We demonstrate with magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography that administration of erythropoietin does not have a substantial direct effect on healthy human resting cerebral blood flow or effect on cerebral glucose and oxygen metabolism. Also, administration of erythropoietin did not have a direct effect on the metabolic response to acute hypoxic stress in healthy humans, and a suggested neuroprotective effect from erythropoietin is therefore likely not a direct effect of erythropoietin on cerebral metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Bitsch Vestergaard
- Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine, and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Otto Mølby Henriksen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine, and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Ulrich Lindberg
- Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine, and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Niels Jacob Aachmann-Andersen
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Kristian Lisbjerg
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Søren Just Christensen
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Niels Vidiendal Olsen
- Department of Neuroanaesthesia, The Neuroscience Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Blegdamsvej , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Ian Law
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine, and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Henrik Bo Wiberg Larsson
- Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine, and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Peter Rasmussen
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
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Su Y, Vlassenko AG, Couture LE, Benzinger TL, Snyder AZ, Derdeyn CP, Raichle ME. Quantitative hemodynamic PET imaging using image-derived arterial input function and a PET/MR hybrid scanner. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:1435-1446. [PMID: 27401805 PMCID: PMC5453463 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x16656200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) with 15O-tracers is commonly used to measure brain hemodynamic parameters such as cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood volume, and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen. Conventionally, the absolute quantification of these parameters requires an arterial input function that is obtained invasively by sampling blood from an artery. In this work, we developed and validated an image-derived arterial input function technique that avoids the unreliable and burdensome arterial sampling procedure for full quantitative 15O-PET imaging. We then compared hemodynamic PET imaging performed on a PET/MR hybrid scanner against a conventional PET only scanner. We demonstrated the proposed imaging-based technique was able to generate brain hemodynamic parameter measurements in strong agreement with the traditional arterial sampling based approach. We also demonstrated that quantitative 15O-PET imaging can be successfully implemented on a PET/MR hybrid scanner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Su
- 1 Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Andrei G Vlassenko
- 1 Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Lars E Couture
- 1 Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Tammie Ls Benzinger
- 1 Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, USA.,2 Department Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Abraham Z Snyder
- 1 Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, USA
| | | | - Marcus E Raichle
- 1 Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, USA.,4 Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, USA
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Thomas BP, Sheng M, Tseng BY, Tarumi T, Martin-Cook K, Womack KB, Cullum MC, Levine BD, Zhang R, Lu H. Reduced global brain metabolism but maintained vascular function in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:1508-1516. [PMID: 27389176 PMCID: PMC5453471 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x16658662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Amnestic mild cognitive impairment represents an early stage of Alzheimer's disease, and characterization of physiological alterations in mild cognitive impairment is an important step toward accurate diagnosis and intervention of this condition. To investigate the extent of neurodegeneration in patients with mild cognitive impairment, whole-brain cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen in absolute units of µmol O2/min/100 g was quantified in 44 amnestic mild cognitive impairment and 28 elderly controls using a novel, non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging method. We found a 12.9% reduction ( p = 0.004) in cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen in mild cognitive impairment, which was primarily attributed to a reduction in the oxygen extraction fraction, by 10% ( p = 0.016). Global cerebral blood flow was not found to be different between groups. Another aspect of vascular function, cerebrovascular reactivity, was measured by CO2-inhalation magnetic resonance imaging and was found to be equivalent between groups. Therefore, there seems to be a global, diffuse diminishment in neural function in mild cognitive impairment, while their vascular function did not show a significant reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binu P Thomas
- 1 Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Min Sheng
- 1 Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Benjamin Y Tseng
- 2 Institute of Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Takashi Tarumi
- 2 Institute of Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kristen Martin-Cook
- 3 Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kyle B Womack
- 3 Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Munro C Cullum
- 3 Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,4 Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Benjamin D Levine
- 2 Institute of Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rong Zhang
- 2 Institute of Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital, Dallas, TX, USA.,3 Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- 1 Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,5 Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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34
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Yu B, Huang M, Zhang X, Ma H, Peng M, Guo Q. Noninvasive imaging of brain oxygen metabolism in children with primary nocturnal enuresis during natural sleep. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:2532-2539. [PMID: 28195439 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of studies have revealed that nocturnal enuresis is closely related to hypoxia in children with primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE). However, brain oxygen metabolism of PNE children has not been investigated before. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in whole-brain cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2 ), cerebral blood flow (CBF), and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) in children suffering from PNE. We used the newly developed T2-relaxation-under-spin-tagging (TRUST) magnetic resonance imaging technique. Neurological evaluation, structural imaging, phase-contrast, and the TRUST imaging method were applied in children with PNE (n = 37) and healthy age- and sex-matched control volunteers (n = 39) during natural sleep to assess whole-brain CMRO2 , CBF, OEF, and arousal from sleep scores. Results showed that whole-brain CMRO2 and OEF values of PNE children were higher in controls, while there was no significant difference in CBF. Consequently, OEF levels of PNE children were increased to maintain oxygen supply. The elevation of OEF was positively correlated with the difficulty of arousal. Our results provide the first evidence that high oxygen consumption and high OEF values could make PNE children more susceptible to hypoxia, which may induce cumulative arousal deficits and make them more prone to nocturnal enuresis. Hum Brain Mapp 38:2532-2539, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yu
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Mingzhu Huang
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Hongwei Ma
- Department of Developmental Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Miao Peng
- Department of psychology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Qiyong Guo
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
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Peng SL, Ravi H, Sheng M, Thomas BP, Lu H. Searching for a truly "iso-metabolic" gas challenge in physiological MRI. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:715-725. [PMID: 26980756 PMCID: PMC5381460 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x16638103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypercapnia challenge (e.g. inhalation of CO2) has been used in calibrated fMRI as well as in the mapping of vascular reactivity in cerebrovascular diseases. An important assumption underlying these measurements is that CO2 is a pure vascular challenge but does not alter neural activity. However, recent reports have suggested that CO2 inhalation may suppress neural activity and brain metabolic rate. Therefore, the goal of this study is to propose and test a gas challenge that is truly "iso-metabolic," by adding a hypoxic component to the hypercapnic challenge, since hypoxia has been shown to enhance cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2). Measurement of global CMRO2 under various gas challenge conditions revealed that, while hypercapnia (P = 0.002) and hypoxia (P = 0.002) individually altered CMRO2 (by -7.6 ± 1.7% and 16.7 ± 4.1%, respectively), inhalation of hypercapnic-hypoxia gas (5% CO2/13% O2) did not change brain metabolism (CMRO2 change: 1.5 ± 3.9%, P = 0.92). Moreover, cerebral blood flow response to the hypercapnic-hypoxia challenge (in terms of % change per mmHg CO2 change) was even greater than that to hypercapnia alone (P = 0.007). Findings in this study suggest that hypercapnic-hypoxia gas challenge may be a useful maneuver in physiological MRI as it preserves vasodilatory response yet does not alter brain metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Lei Peng
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Harshan Ravi
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, UT Arlington, Arlington, USA
| | - Min Sheng
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - Binu P Thomas
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
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Lin AJ, Ponticorvo A, Durkin AJ, Venugopalan V, Choi B, Tromberg BJ. Differential pathlength factor informs evoked stimulus response in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurophotonics 2015; 2:045001. [PMID: 26835482 PMCID: PMC4718154 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.2.4.045001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Baseline optical properties are typically assumed in calculating the differential pathlength factor (DPF) of mouse brains, a value used in the modified Beer-Lambert law to characterize an evoked stimulus response. We used spatial frequency domain imaging to measure in vivo baseline optical properties in 20-month-old control ([Formula: see text]) and triple transgenic APP/PS1/tau (3xTg-AD) ([Formula: see text]) mouse brains. Average [Formula: see text] for control and 3xTg-AD mice was [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively, at 460 nm; and [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively, at 530 nm. Average [Formula: see text] for control and 3xTg-AD mice was [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively, at 460 nm; and [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively, at 530 nm. The calculated DPF for control and 3xTg-AD mice was [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] OD mm, respectively, at 460 nm; and [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] OD mm, respectively, at 530 nm. In hindpaw stimulation experiments, the hemodynamic increase in brain tissue concentration of oxyhemoglobin was threefold larger and two times longer in the control mice compared to 3xTg-AD mice. Furthermore, the washout of deoxyhemoglobin from increased brain perfusion was seven times larger in controls compared to 3xTg-AD mice ([Formula: see text]).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Lin
- University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, 1002 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, California 92612, United States
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 3120 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697-2715, United States
| | - Adrien Ponticorvo
- University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, 1002 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, California 92612, United States
| | - Anthony J. Durkin
- University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, 1002 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, California 92612, United States
| | - Vasan Venugopalan
- University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, 1002 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, California 92612, United States
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, 916 Engineering Tower, Irvine, California 92697-2575, United States
| | - Bernard Choi
- University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, 1002 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, California 92612, United States
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 3120 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697-2715, United States
- University of California, Irvine, Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, 2400 Engineering Hall, Irvine, California 92697-2730, United States
| | - Bruce J. Tromberg
- University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, 1002 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, California 92612, United States
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 3120 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697-2715, United States
- Address all correspondence to: Bruce J. Tromberg, E-mail:
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De Vis JB, Hendrikse J, Bhogal A, Adams A, Kappelle LJ, Petersen ET. Age-related changes in brain hemodynamics; A calibrated MRI study. Hum Brain Mapp 2015; 36:3973-87. [PMID: 26177724 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Blood oxygenation-level dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging signal changes in response to stimuli have been used to evaluate age-related changes in neuronal activity. Contradictory results from these types of experiments have been attributed to differences in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2 ). To clarify the effects of these physiological parameters, we investigated the effect of age on baseline CBF and CMRO2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty young (mean ± sd age, 28 ± 3 years), and 45 older subjects (66 ± 4 years) were investigated. A dual-echo pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (ASL) sequence was performed during normocapnic, hypercapnic, and hyperoxic breathing challenges. Whole brain and regional gray matter values of CBF, ASL cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), BOLD CVR, oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and CMRO2 were calculated. RESULTS Whole brain CBF was 49 ± 14 and 40 ± 9 ml/100 g/min in young and older subjects respectively (P < 0.05). Age-related differences in CBF decreased to the point of nonsignificance (B=-4.1, SE=3.8) when EtCO2 was added as a confounder. BOLD CVR was lower in the whole brain, in the frontal, in the temporal, and in the occipital of the older subjects (P<0.05). Whole brain OEF was 43 ± 8% in the young and 39 ± 6% in the older subjects (P = 0.066). Whole brain CMRO2 was 181 ± 60 and 133 ± 43 µmol/100 g/min in young and older subjects, respectively (P<0.01). DISCUSSION Age-related differences in CBF could potentially be explained by differences in EtCO2 . Regional CMRO2 was lower in older subjects. BOLD studies should take this into account when investigating age-related changes in neuronal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B De Vis
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J Hendrikse
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A Bhogal
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A Adams
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - L J Kappelle
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - E T Petersen
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Hidovre Hospital, Denmark
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Bakhsheshi MF, Diop M, Morrison LB, St. Lawrence K, Lee TY. Coupling of cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption during hypothermia in newborn piglets as measured by time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy: a pilot study. Neurophotonics 2015; 2:035006. [PMID: 26835481 PMCID: PMC4718069 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.2.3.035006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hypothermia (HT) is a potent neuroprotective therapy that is now widely used in following neurological emergencies, such as neonatal asphyxia. An important mechanism of HT-induced neuroprotection is attributed to the associated reduction in the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen ([Formula: see text]). Since cerebral circulation and metabolism are tightly regulated, reduction in [Formula: see text] typically results in decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF); it is only under oxidative stress, e.g., hypoxia-ischemia, that oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) deviates from its basal value, which can lead to cerebral dysfunction. As such, it is critical to measure these key physiological parameters during therapeutic HT. This report investigates a noninvasive method of measuring the coupling of [Formula: see text] and CBF under HT and different anesthetic combinations of propofol/nitrous-oxide ([Formula: see text]) that may be used in clinical practice. Both CBF and [Formula: see text] decreased with decreasing temperature, but the OEF remained unchanged, which indicates a tight coupling of flow and metabolism under different anesthetics and over the mild HT temperature range (38°C to 33°C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Fazel Bakhsheshi
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Imaging Program, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, Ontario N6A 4V2, Canada
- Robarts Research Institute, Imaging Research Laboratories, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Mamadou Diop
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Imaging Program, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, Ontario N6A 4V2, Canada
- Western University, Department of Medical Biophysics, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Laura B. Morrison
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Imaging Program, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, Ontario N6A 4V2, Canada
| | - Keith St. Lawrence
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Imaging Program, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, Ontario N6A 4V2, Canada
- Robarts Research Institute, Imaging Research Laboratories, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
- Western University, Department of Medical Biophysics, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Ting-Yim Lee
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Imaging Program, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, Ontario N6A 4V2, Canada
- Robarts Research Institute, Imaging Research Laboratories, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
- Western University, Department of Medical Biophysics, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
- Western University, Department of Medical Imaging, London, Ontario N6A 5W9, Canada
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De Vis JB, Petersen ET, Bhogal A, Hartkamp NS, Klijn CJ, Kappelle LJ, Hendrikse J. Calibrated MRI to evaluate cerebral hemodynamics in patients with an internal carotid artery occlusion. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2015; 35:1015-23. [PMID: 25712500 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2015.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Revised: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess whether calibrated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can identify regional variances in cerebral hemodynamics caused by vascular disease. For this, arterial spin labeling (ASL)/blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) MRI was performed in 11 patients (65±7 years) and 14 controls (66±4 years). Cerebral blood flow (CBF), ASL cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), BOLD CVR, oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) were evaluated. The CBF was 34±5 and 36±11 mL/100 g per minute in the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory of the patients and the controls. Arterial spin labeling CVR was 44±20 and 53±10% per 10 mm Hg ▵EtCO2 in patients and controls. The BOLD CVR was lower in the patients compared with the controls (1.3±0.8 versus 2.2±0.4% per 10 mm Hg ▵EtCO2, P<0.01). The OEF was 41±8% and 38±6%, and the CMRO2 was 116±39 and 111±40 μmol/100 g per minute in the patients and the controls. The BOLD CVR was lower in the ipsilateral than in the contralateral MCA territory of the patients (1.2±0.6 versus 1.6±0.5% per 10 mmHg ▵EtCO2, P<0.01). Analysis was hampered in three patients due to delayed arrival time. Thus, regional hemodynamic impairment was identified with calibrated MRI. Delayed arrival artifacts limited the interpretation of the images in some patients.
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Abstract
Genetic, biochemical, pathological, and biomarker data demonstrate that Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, including the initiation and progressive buildup of insoluble forms of beta-amyloid (Aβ), appears to begin ~ 10-15 years prior to the onset of cognitive decline associated with AD. Metabolic dysfunction, a prominent feature of the evolving brain pathology, is reflected in a decline of total glucose utilization. Despite decades of interest in declining glucose use in AD no detailed consideration had been given to the possibility that this decline is not just a decline in energy consumption but rather in glycolysis alone. Glycolysis is a multi-step process that prepares the glucose molecule for oxidative phosphorylation and the generation of energy. In the normal brain, glycolysis exceeds that required for the needs of oxidative phosphorylation. Because it is occurring in a setting with adequate oxygen available for oxidative phosphorylation it is often referred to as aerobic glycolysis (AG). AG is a biomarker of a group of metabolic functions broadly supporting biosynthesis and neuroprotection. The distribution of AG in normal young adults correlates spatially with Aβ deposition in AD patients and cognitively normal individuals with elevated Aβ. In transgenic mice extracellular fluid Aβ and lactate, a marker of AG, vary in parallel regionally and with changes in activity. Reducing neuronal activity locally in transgenic mice attenuates plaque formation suggesting that plaque formation is an activity dependent process associated with aerobic glycolysis.
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41
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Xu F, Liu P, Pascual JM, Xiao G, Huang H, Lu H. Acute effect of glucose on cerebral blood flow, blood oxygenation, and oxidative metabolism. Hum Brain Mapp 2014; 36:707-16. [PMID: 25324201 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
While it is known that specific nuclei of the brain, for example hypothalamus, contain glucose-sensing neurons thus their activity is affected by blood glucose level, the effect of glucose modulation on whole-brain metabolism is not completely understood. Several recent reports have elucidated the long-term impact of caloric restriction on the brain, showing that animals under caloric restriction had enhanced rate of tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle flux accompanied by extended life span. However, acute effect of postprandial blood glucose increase has not been addressed in detail, partly due to a scarcity and complexity of measurement techniques. In this study, using a recently developed noninvasive MR technique, we measured dynamic changes in global cerebral metabolic rate of O2 (CMRO2 ) following a 50 g glucose ingestion (N = 10). A time dependent decrease in CMRO2 was observed, which was accompanied by a reduction in oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) with unaltered cerebral blood flow (CBF). At 40 min post-ingestion, the amount of CMRO2 reduction was 7.8 ± 1.6%. A control study without glucose ingestion was performed (N = 10), which revealed no changes in CMRO2 , CBF, or OEF, suggesting that the observations in the glucose study was not due to subject drowsiness or fatigue after staying inside the scanner. These findings suggest that ingestion of glucose may alter the rate of cerebral metabolism of oxygen in an acute setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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Liu P, Lu H, Filbey FM, Tamminga CA, Cao Y, Adinoff B. MRI assessment of cerebral oxygen metabolism in cocaine-addicted individuals: hypoactivity and dose dependence. NMR Biomed 2014; 27:726-32. [PMID: 24757009 PMCID: PMC4084967 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Long-term cocaine use is known to negatively impact neural and cerebrovascular systems. However, the use of imaging markers to separately assess these parameters remains challenging. The primary reason is that most functional imaging markers, such as cerebral blood flow, functional connectivity, and task-evoked functional MRI, are known to reflect a complex interplay between neural and vascular components, thus the interpretation of the results is not straightforward. The goal of the present study is to examine neural-activity-specific changes in cocaine addiction, using cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) as a surrogate marker of aggregated neural activity. We applied a recently developed CMRO2 technique in 13 cocaine-addicted subjects and 13 age- and gender-matched control subjects, and examined the impact of long-term cocaine use on CMRO2. Our results showed that CMRO2 in cocaine-addicted subjects (152 ± 16 µmol/100 g/min) is significantly lower (p = 0.031) than that in controls (169 ± 20 µmol/100 g/min). Furthermore, the severity of this decreased metabolism is associated with lifetime cocaine use (p = 0.05). Additionally, the CMRO2 reduction was accompanied by a trend of decrease in cerebral blood flow (p = 0.058), but venous oxygenation was unaffected (p = 0.96), which suggested that the CMRO2 change may be attributed to a vascular deficiency in chronic cocaine users. To our knowledge, this is the first study to measure CMRO2 in cocaine-addicted individuals. Our findings suggest that CMRO2 may be a promising approach for assessing the long-term effects of cocaine use on the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiying Liu
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | | | - Carol A. Tamminga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Yan Cao
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080
| | - Bryon Adinoff
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
- VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, Texas 75216
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Kate MP, Hansen MB, Mouridsen K, Østergaard L, Choi V, Gould BE, McCourt R, Hill MD, Demchuk AM, Coutts SB, Dowlatshahi D, Emery DJ, Buck BH, Butcher KS. Blood pressure reduction does not reduce perihematoma oxygenation: a CT perfusion study. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2014; 34:81-6. [PMID: 24045403 PMCID: PMC3887345 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Blood pressure (BP) reduction after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is controversial, because of concerns that this may cause critical reductions in perihematoma perfusion and thereby precipitate tissue damage. We tested the hypothesis that BP reduction reduces perihematoma tissue oxygenation.Acute ICH patients were randomized to a systolic BP target of <150 or <180 mm Hg. Patients underwent CT perfusion (CTP) imaging 2 hours after randomization. Maps of cerebral blood flow (CBF), maximum oxygen extraction fraction (OEF(max)), and the resulting maximum cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2(max)) permitted by local hemodynamics, were calculated from raw CTP data.Sixty-five patients (median (interquartile range) age 70 (20)) were imaged at a median (interquartile range) time from onset to CTP of 9.8 (13.6) hours. Mean OEF(max) was elevated in the perihematoma region (0.44±0.12) relative to contralateral tissue (0.36±0.11; P<0.001). Perihematoma CMRO2(max) (3.40±1.67 mL/100 g per minute) was slightly lower relative to contralateral tissue (3.63±1.66 mL/100 g per minute; P=0.025). Despite a significant difference in systolic BP between the aggressive (140.5±18.7 mm Hg) and conservative (163.0±10.6 mm Hg; P<0.001) treatment groups, perihematoma CBF was unaffected (37.2±11.9 versus 35.8±9.6 mL/100 g per minute; P=0.307). Similarly, aggressive BP treatment did not affect perihematoma OEF(max) (0.43±0.12 versus 0.45±0.11; P=0.232) or CMRO2(max) (3.16±1.66 versus 3.68±1.85 mL/100 g per minute; P=0.857). Blood pressure reduction does not affect perihematoma oxygen delivery. These data support the safety of early aggressive BP treatment in ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh P Kate
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, WMC Health Sciences Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mikkel B Hansen
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience and MINDLab, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kim Mouridsen
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience and MINDLab, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Leif Østergaard
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience and MINDLab, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Victor Choi
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, WMC Health Sciences Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bronwen E Gould
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, WMC Health Sciences Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rebecca McCourt
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, WMC Health Sciences Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael D Hill
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrew M Demchuk
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shelagh B Coutts
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Derek J Emery
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Brian H Buck
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, WMC Health Sciences Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kenneth S Butcher
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, WMC Health Sciences Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Cui W, Zhu XH, Vollmers ML, Colonna ET, Adriany G, Tramm B, Dubinsky JM, Öz G. Non-invasive measurement of cerebral oxygen metabolism in the mouse brain by ultra-high field (17)O MR spectroscopy. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2013; 33:1846-9. [PMID: 24064490 PMCID: PMC3851910 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To assess cerebral energetics in transgenic mouse models of neurologic disease, a robust, efficient, and practical method for quantification of cerebral oxygen consumption is needed. (17)O magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has been validated to measure cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) in the rat brain; however, mice present unique challenges because of their small size. We show that CMRO2 measurements with (17)O MRS in the mouse brain are highly reproducible using 16.4 Tesla and a newly designed oxygen delivery system. The method can be utilized to measure mitochondrial function in mice quickly and repeatedly, without oral intubation, and has numerous potential applications to study cerebral energetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weina Cui
- Center for MR Research, Department of Radiology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Abstract
Characterizing the effect of oxygen (O(2)) modulation on the brain may provide a better understanding of several clinically relevant problems, including acute mountain sickness and hyperoxic therapy in patients with traumatic brain injury or ischemia. Quantifying the O(2) effects on brain metabolism is also critical when using this physiologic maneuver to calibrate functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals. Although intuitively crucial, the question of whether the brain's metabolic rate depends on the amount of O(2) available has not been addressed in detail previously. This can be largely attributed to the scarcity and complexity of measurement techniques. Recently, we have developed an MR method that provides a noninvasive (devoid of exogenous agents), rapid (<5 minutes), and reliable (coefficient of variant, CoV <3%) measurement of the global cerebral metabolic rate of O(2) (CMRO(2)). In the present study, we evaluated metabolic and vascular responses to manipulation of the fraction of inspired O(2) (FiO(2)). Hypoxia with 14% FiO(2) was found to increase both CMRO(2) (5.0±2.0%, N=16, P=0.02) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) (9.8±2.3%, P<0.001). However, hyperoxia decreased CMRO(2) by 10.3±1.5% (P<0.001) and 16.9±2.7% (P<0.001) for FiO(2) of 50% and 98%, respectively. The CBF showed minimal changes with hyperoxia. Our results suggest that modulation of inspired O(2) alters brain metabolism in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
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Zhu XH, Zhang Y, Wiesner HM, Ugurbil K, Chen W. In vivo measurement of CBF using ¹⁷O NMR signal of metabolically produced H₂¹⁷O as a perfusion tracer. Magn Reson Med 2012; 70:309-14. [PMID: 23001743 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen of small animals can be reliably imaged using the in vivo (17) O magnetic resonance approach at high field. However, a separate measurement is required for imaging the cerebral blood flow in the same animal. In this study, we demonstrate that the (17) O NMR signal of metabolically produced H2 (17) O in the rat brain following an (17) O2 inhalation can serve as a perfusion tracer and its decay rate can be used to determine the absolute values of cerebral blood flow across a wide range of animal conditions. This finding suggests that the in vivo (17) O magnetic resonance approach is capable of imaging both cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen and cerebral blood flow simultaneously and noninvasively; and it provides new utilities for studying the cerebral oxygen metabolism and perfusion commonly associated with brain function and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
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Kauppinen RA. Magnetic resonance imaging reveals slow-down of global cerebral oxygen metabolism in multiple sclerosis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2012; 32:401-2. [PMID: 22214902 PMCID: PMC3293126 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2011.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Risto A Kauppinen
- School of Experimental Psychology and Clinical Research and Imaging Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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Yuzawa I, Sakadžić S, Srinivasan VJ, Shin HK, Eikermann-Haerter K, Boas DA, Ayata C. Cortical spreading depression impairs oxygen delivery and metabolism in mice. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2012; 32:376-86. [PMID: 22008729 PMCID: PMC3272607 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2011.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Revised: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cortical spreading depression (CSD) is associated with severe hypoperfusion in mice. Using minimally invasive multimodal optical imaging, we show that severe flow reductions during and after spreading depression are associated with a steep decline in cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen. Concurrent severe hemoglobin desaturation suggests that the oxygen metabolism becomes at least in part supply limited, and the decrease in cortical blood volume implicates vasoconstriction as the mechanism. In support of oxygen supply-demand mismatch, cortical nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) fluorescence increases during spreading depression for at least 5 minutes, particularly away from parenchymal arterioles. However, modeling of tissue oxygen delivery shows that cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen drops more than predicted by a purely supply-limited model, raising the possibility of a concurrent reduction in oxygen demand during spreading depression. Importantly, a subsequent spreading depression triggered within 15 minutes evokes a monophasic flow increase superimposed on the oligemic baseline, which markedly differs from the response to the preceding spreading depression triggered in naive cortex. Altogether, these data suggest that CSD is associated with long-lasting oxygen supply-demand mismatch linked to severe vasoconstriction in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Yuzawa
- Department of Radiology, Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sava Sakadžić
- Optics Division, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vivek J Srinivasan
- Optics Division, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hwa Kyoung Shin
- Department of Radiology, Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katharina Eikermann-Haerter
- Department of Radiology, Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David A Boas
- Optics Division, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cenk Ayata
- Department of Radiology, Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
- Stroke Service and Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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49
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Heldt T, Kashif FM, Sulemanji M, O'Leary HM, du Plessis AJ, Verghese GC. Continuous quantitative monitoring of cerebral oxygen metabolism in neonates by ventilator-gated analysis of NIRS recordings. Acta Neurochir Suppl 2012; 114:177-180. [PMID: 22327688 PMCID: PMC3324313 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-0956-4_34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress during fetal development, delivery, or early postnatal life is a major cause of neuropathology, as both hypoxic and hyperoxic insults can significantly damage the developing brain. Despite the obvious need for reliable cerebral oxygenation monitoring, no technology currently exists to monitor cerebral oxygen metabolism continuously and noninvasively in infants at high risk for developing brain injury. Consequently, a rational approach to titrating oxygen supply to cerebral oxygen demand - and thus avoiding hyperoxic or hypoxic insults - is currently lacking. We present a promising method to close this crucial technology gap in the important case of neonates on conventional ventilators. By using cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy and signals from conventional ventilators, along with arterial oxygen saturation, we derive continuous (breath-by-breath) estimates of cerebral venous oxygen saturation, cerebral oxygen extraction fraction, cerebral blood flow, and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen. The resultant estimates compare very favorably to previously reported data obtained by non-continuous and invasive means from preterm infants in neonatal critical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Heldt
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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50
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Lu H, Hutchison J, Xu F, Rypma B. The Relationship Between M in "Calibrated fMRI" and the Physiologic Modulators of fMRI. Open Neuroimag J 2011; 5:112-9. [PMID: 22276083 PMCID: PMC3263507 DOI: 10.2174/1874440001105010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2010] [Revised: 02/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/13/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The “calibrated fMRI” technique requires a hypercapnia calibration experiment in order to estimate the factor “M”. It is desirable to be able to obtain the M value without the need of a gas challenge calibration. According to the analytical expression of M, it is a function of several baseline physiologic parameters, such as baseline venous oxygenation and CBF, both of which have recently been shown to be significant modulators of fMRI signal. Here we studied the relationship among hypercapnia-calibrated M, baseline venous oxygenation and CBF, and assessed the possibility of estimating M from the baseline physiologic parameters. It was found that baseline venous oxygenation and CBF are highly correlated (R2=0.77, P<0.0001) across subjects. However, the hypercapnia-calibrated M was not correlated with baseline venous oxygenation or CBF. The hypercapnia-calibrated M was not correlated with an estimation of M based on analytical expression either. The lack of correlation may be explained by the counteracting effect of venous oxygenation and CBF on the M factor, such that the actual M value of an individual may be mostly dependent on other parameters such as hematocrit. Potential biases in hypercapnia-based M estimation were also discussed in the context of possible reduction of CMRO2 during hypercapnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanzhang Lu
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
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