The Frequency of Design Studies Targeting People With Psychotic Symptoms and Features in Mental Health Care Innovation: Secondary Analysis of a Systematic Review

This study examined and reflected on the frequency of people with psychotic symptoms and features as the target population in design studies for mental health care innovation.

The Involvement of Service Users and People With Lived Experience in Mental Health Care Innovation Through Design: Systematic Review

BACKGROUND

Mental health care faces challenges that not only necessitate innovation but also require the involvement of service users and people with lived experience in developing and evaluating mental health care services. As the development of digital interventions is becoming more prevalent, design approaches are increasingly finding their way into mental health. There is evidence that these approaches can successfully integrate user experience into mental health services. However, there is no clear overview of the studies conducted and the lessons learned concerning the involvement of service users and people with lived experience.

OBJECTIVE

In this systematic review, we aimed to provide an overview of the involvement of service users and people with lived experience in mental health care services through design approaches and to synthesize the advantages of design approaches in mental health care.

METHODS

The following 5 databases were searched for relevant abstracts: PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase. In addition, 2 health design journal archives, Design for Health and The Journal of Health Design, were searched. To categorize the results, we collected the reported added value from the included articles and conducted a thematic synthesis in which the themes were developed from the retrieved data. The themes were discussed, revised, and checked until saturation was achieved.

RESULTS

We included and categorized 33 papers. Most studies involved service users, primarily adults, and used various design approaches. Most of these studies aimed to design or evaluate digital interventions. Service users and people with lived experience were involved in different roles but never as decision makers. Studies that used co-design approaches exhibited the highest levels of involvement. Various added values were reported, including tailoring and testing interventions and digital interventions, improving engagement and collaboration, gathering the needs of stakeholders, and empowering participants as resourceful actors. The challenges reported were maintaining participants' continued participation throughout the study, managing the iterative nature of design, providing a safe space, balancing insights from design and medical science, and navigating design processes in medical environments.

CONCLUSIONS

This systematic review provides an overview of the studies that used design approaches to involve service users and people with lived experience in mental health care innovation. Design approaches have advantages in mental health care innovation, offering added value and having manageable challenges. Future studies using design approaches in mental health care should involve participants as partners and decision makers and report on collaboration in a systematic and clear manner.

Flexible surface-enhanced Raman scatting substrates: recent advances in their principles, design strategies, diversified material selections and applications

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is widely used as a powerful analytical technology in cutting-edge areas such as food safety, biology, chemistry, and medical diagnosis, providing ultra-fast, ultra-sensitive, nondestructive characterization and achieving ultra-high detection sensitivity even down to the single-molecule level. Development of Raman spectroscopy is strongly dependent on high-performance SERS substrates, which have long evolved from the early days of rough metal electrodes to periodic nanopatterned arrays building on solid supporting substrates. For rigid SERS substrates, however, their applications are restricted by sophisticated pretreatments for detecting solid samples with non-planar surfaces. It is therefore essential to reassert the principles in constructing flexible SERS substrates. Herein, we comprehensively review the state-of-the-art in understanding, preparing and using flexible SERS. The basic mechanisms behind the flexible SERS are briefly outlined, typical design strategies are highlighted and diversified selection of materials in preparing flexible SERS substrates are reviewed. Then the recent achievements of various interdisciplinary applications based on flexible SERS substrates are summarized. Finally, the challenges and perspectives for future evolution of flexible SERS and their applications are demonstrated. We propose new research directions focused on stimulating the real potential of SERS as an advanced analytical technique for commercialization.

Minimalist de novo Design of Protein Catalysts

The field of protein design has grown enormously in the past few decades. In this review we discuss the minimalist approach to design of artificial enzymes, in which protein sequences are created with the minimum number of elements for folding and function. This method relies on identifying starting points in catalytically inert scaffolds for active site installation. The progress of the field from the original helical assemblies of the 1980s to the more complex structures of the present day is discussed, highlighting the variety of catalytic reactions which have been achieved using these methods. We outline the strengths and weaknesses of the minimalist approaches, describe representative design cases and put it in the general context of the de novo design of proteins.

Conceptualizing Health Promotion in Relation to Outpatient Healthcare Building Design: A Scoping Review

OBJECTIVE:

This review explored different conceptualizations of health promotion in the context of, and in relation to, outpatient building design.

BACKGROUND:

Today's healthcare organizations are implementing holistic healthcare approaches such as health promotion, while simultaneously increasing their outpatient services. These health promotion approaches, focused on empowering people to take control of their health, are expected to have implications for the outpatient healthcare building design. Yet there is limited knowledge what these may be. A review of the literature on the current state of the art is thus needed to enable and support dialog on future healthcare building design.

METHOD:

A scoping review of 4,506 papers, collected from four databases and three scientific journals in 2015, resulted in 14 papers relating health promotion to building design and outpatient healthcare. From the subsequent content analysis, multiple common themes and subthemes emerged.

RESULTS:

The review reveals diverse range of health promotion interpretations, three health promotion perspectives (health behavior, health equity, and sense of coherence), associated design approaches, design objectives, health-related outcomes, building features, and solutions.

CONCLUSIONS:

While diverse health promotion perspectives might merely represent variations in focus, these differences become problematic when relating to building design. To support further dialogs on development of health promotion in, and in relation to, the build environment, there is a need to strengthen the health promotion vocabulary. Further research is needed to compare different design approaches and how these can be combined to minimize contradicting implications for building design.