1
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Galaktionova DV, Siddiqui SY, Mohr JT. Remote Fluorination of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyls via Silyl Dienol Ethers. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400493. [PMID: 38441174 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
We report a general, regioselective, and metal free γ-fluorination of α,β-unsaturated carbonyls via silyl dienol ethers that are readily prepared from simple ketones and aldehydes. The transformation displays broad scope including 27 cyclic and acyclic siloxydienes providing γ-fluoro compounds in 28-91 % yield. Notably, the reported conditions are also suitable for the synthesis of challenging tertiary fluorides. The regioselectivity of the reaction was studied on a series of acyclic siloxydienes and was observed to be sensitive to the conformational flexibility of the substrate. Diversification of the γ-fluorocarbonyls demonstrates the promise of fluorine as a stereocontrol element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria V Galaktionova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois-Chicago, 845 West Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Sara Y Siddiqui
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois-Chicago, 845 West Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Justin T Mohr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois-Chicago, 845 West Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
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2
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Swann WA, Yadav A, Colvin NB, Freundl NK, Li CW. Diastereoselective Hydrogenation of Tetrasubstituted Olefins using a Heterogeneous Pt-Ni Alloy Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317710. [PMID: 38407502 PMCID: PMC11098551 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Stereoselective hydrogenation of tetrasubstituted olefins is an attractive method to access compounds with two contiguous stereocenters. However, homogeneous catalysts for enantio- and diastereoselective hydrogenation exhibit low reactivity toward tetrasubstituted olefins due to steric crowding between the ligand scaffold and the substrate. Monometallic heterogeneous catalysts, on the other hand, provide accessible surface active sites for hindered olefins but exhibit unpredictable and inconsistent stereoinduction. In this work, we develop a Pt-Ni bimetallic alloy catalyst that can diastereoselectively hydrogenate unactivated, sterically-bulky tetrasubstituted olefins, utilizing the more oxophilic Ni atoms to adsorb a hydroxyl directing group and direct facially-selective hydrogen addition to the olefin via the Pt atoms. Structure-activity studies on several Pt-Ni compositions underscore the importance of exposing a uniform PtNi alloy surface to achieve high diastereoselectivity and minimize side reactions. The optimized Pt-Ni/SiO2 catalyst exhibits good functional group tolerance and broad scope for tetrasubstituted olefins in a cyclopentene scaffold, generating cyclopentanol products with three contiguous stereocenters. The synthetic utility of the method is demonstrated in a four-step synthesis of (1R,2S)-(+)-cis-methyldihydrojasmonate with high yield and enantiopurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A. Swann
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Anish Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Nicholas B. Colvin
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Nicole K. Freundl
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Christina W. Li
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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3
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Zhang Q, Hao A, Xing P. Diastereoselective Supramolecular Encapsulation and Chirality Transfer Between Cholesteryl Binaphthyl Conjugates and Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon. Small 2024:e2400089. [PMID: 38682727 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Diastereoselective effect plays an important role in the synthesis of chiral complexes and macrocyclic compounds, while its function in selective coassembly and chirality transfer has yet to be unveiled. In this work, two pairs of diastereomers containing R/S- binaphthyl and homochiral cholesteryl domains are synthesized, which provide multiple sites to encapsulate polyaromatic hydrocarbon through π-π and CH-π interactions. X-ray structures and computational studies suggest the binaphthol derivatives feature CH-π folding into butterfly-like open geometry, while binaphthylenediamine derivatives adopt closed geometry supported by van der Waals between cholesteryl domains. Driven by solvophobic forces, the building units self-assemble into vesicles and nanofibers in the aqueous and methanol phases, respectively. Binaphthol derivatives selectively encapsulate pyrene by naphthalene domains in the vesicle phase, while binaphthylenediamine derivatives encapsulate pyrene by cholesteryl domains in the nanofiber phase. Density functional theory-based calculations and circular dichroism spectra evidence the closed geometry of binaphthylenediamine derivatives facilitates a clamp-type host to increase the affinity toward pyrene in spite of the strong solvation competition. This work unveils the diastereoselectivity in the chiral coassembly, deepening the understanding of the precise synthesis of functional chiroptical complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Aiyou Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Pengyao Xing
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
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4
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Leone M, Milton JP, Gryko D, Neuville L, Masson G. TBADT-Mediated Photocatalytic Stereoselective Radical Alkylation of Chiral N-Sulfinyl Imines: Towards Efficient Synthesis of Diverse Chiral Amines. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400363. [PMID: 38376252 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Herein we describe a sustainable and efficient photocatalytic method for the stereoselective radical alkylation of chiral sulfinyl imines. By employing readily available non-prefunctionalized radical precursors and the cost-effective TBADT as a direct HAT photocatalyst, we successfully obtain diverse chiral amines with high yields and excellent diastereoselectivity under mild conditions. This method provides an efficient approach for accessing a diverse array of medicinally relevant compounds, including both natural and synthetic α-amino acids, aryl ethyl amines, and other structural motifs commonly found in approved pharmaceuticals and natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Leone
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN) CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Joseph P Milton
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Luc Neuville
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN) CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- HitCat, Seqens-CNRS joint laboratory, Seqens'Lab, 8 Rue de Rouen, 78440, Porcheville, France
| | - Géraldine Masson
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN) CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- HitCat, Seqens-CNRS joint laboratory, Seqens'Lab, 8 Rue de Rouen, 78440, Porcheville, France
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5
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Xu J. Recent Advances in π-Stacking Interaction-Controlled Asymmetric Synthesis. Molecules 2024; 29:1454. [PMID: 38611737 PMCID: PMC11012711 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The π-stacking interaction is one of the most important intramolecular and intermolecular noncovalent interactions in organic chemistry. It plays an important role in stabilizing some structures and transition states in certain reactions via both intramolecular and intermolecular interactions, facilitating different selectivities, such as chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivities. This minireview focuses on the recent examples of the π-stacking interaction-controlled asymmetric synthesis, including auxiliary-induced asymmetric synthesis, kinetic resolution, asymmetric synthesis of helicenes and heterohelicenes, and multilayer 3D chiral molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; ; Tel./Fax: +86-10-6443-5565
- College of Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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6
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Miller JL, Damodaran K, Floreancig PE. Nitrogen Heterocycle Synthesis through Hydride Abstraction of Acyclic Carbamates and Related Species: Scope, Mechanism, Stereoselectivity, and Product Conformation Studies. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302977. [PMID: 37796745 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Acyliminium ions and related species are potent electrophiles that can be quite valuable in the synthesis of nitrogen-containing molecules. This manuscript describes a protocol to form these intermediates through hydride abstractions of easily accessible allylic carbamates, amides, and sulfonamides that avoids the reversibility that is possible in classical condensation-based routes. These intermediates are used in the preparation of a range of nitrogen-containing heterocycles, and in many cases high levels of stereocontrol are observed. Specifically areas of investigation include the impact of chemical structure on oxidation efficiency, the geometry of the intermediate iminium ions, the impact of a substrate stereocenter on stereocontrol, and an examination of transition state geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna L Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA
| | - Krishnan Damodaran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA
| | - Paul E Floreancig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA
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7
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Di W, Wang X, Ge M, Cang T, Wang Z, Qi P, Liu Z, Zhao H, Ding W, Di S. Stereoselective, Diastereoselective Dissipation and Risk Assessment of Chiral Metconazole in Soybean, Peanut, Cabbage, Celery, Tomato, and Soil. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:18709-18721. [PMID: 38009539 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The stereoselective behaviors and dietary risks of metconazole (MZE) in soil and five vegetables were investigated. The results showed that there was species-specific stereoselective and diastereoselective dissipation, and the half-lives ranged from 0.69 to 8.17 days. cis-(+)-1S,5R-MZE was preferentially dissipated in soybean pods, cabbages, celeries, and tomatoes, which was contrary to soybean plants and soil. trans-(+)-1R,5R-MZE was preferentially dissipated in peanut plants, peanut shells, celeries, and tomatoes, while trans-(-)-1S,5S-MZE was preferentially dissipated in soybean plants. cis-MZE was preferentially dissipated in the test vegetables and soil, except celery. The stereoisomeric excess changes were higher than 10%, indicating that the stereoselectivity and diastereoselectivity should be considered in the risk assessment of MZE in soybean plants, pods, and peanut plants. The acute and chronic dietary intake risks of rac-MZE for different groups of people were acceptable. The preferentially dissipated and high activity cis-(+)-1S,5R-MZE with lower toxicity might be suitable for application as monocase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixuan Di
- College of Plant Protection, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Xinquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Mengyuan Ge
- College of Plant Protection, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Tao Cang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Peipei Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Huiyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ding
- College of Plant Protection, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Di
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
- Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
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8
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Wang K, Zhang Y, Cai LY, Song XQ, Wang C, Zhang JR, Pan YF, Zhao HW. Diastereoselective Cascade Cyclization of Diazoimides with Alkylidene Pyrazolones for Preparation of Pyrazole-Fused Oxa-Bridged Oxazocines. Molecules 2023; 28:7021. [PMID: 37894500 PMCID: PMC10609588 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Under the catalysis of Rh2(OAc)4 (10 mol%) and binapbisphosphine ligand (±)-L3 (20 mol%) in DCE at 80 °C, the cascade cyclization of diazoimides with alkylidenepyrazolones underwent stereoselectively (dr > 20:1), affording pyrazole-fused oxa-bridged oxazocines in reasonable chemical yields. The chemical structure and relative configuration of title products were firmly identified by X-ray diffraction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hong-Wu Zhao
- College of Life Science and Bio-Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, No.100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China; (K.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.-Y.C.); (X.-Q.S.); (C.W.); (J.-R.Z.); (Y.-F.P.)
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9
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Hilche T, Krebs T, Weißbarth H, Lang F, Schnakenburg G, Gansäuer A. Enantio- and Diastereomerically Pure Titanocenes by Dynamic Conformational Locking. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301645. [PMID: 37283199 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of enantiomerically pure titanocenes is limited to cases with enantiomerically pure substituents at the cyclopentadienyl ligands and to ansa-titanocenes. For the latter complexes, the use of achiral ligands requires a resolution of enantiomers and frequently also a separation of the diastereoisomers obtained after metalation. Here, we introduce a new synthetic method that relies on the use of enantiomerically pure camphorsulfonate (CSA) ligands as control elements for the absolute and relative configuration of titanocene complexes. Starting from the conformationally flexible (RC5 H4 )2 TiCl2 , the desired conformationally locked and hence enantio- and diastereomerically pure complexes (RC5 H4 )2 Ti(CSA)2 are obtained in just two steps. According to X-ray crystallography the (RC5 H4 )2 Ti fragment is essentially C2 -symmetric and nuclear magnetic resonance displays overall C2 -symmetry. We applied density functional theory methods to unravel the dynamics of the complexes and the mechanisms and selectivities of their formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Hilche
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tim Krebs
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hendrik Weißbarth
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Fabian Lang
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Gansäuer
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
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10
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Fogel M, Koide K. Recent Progress on One-Pot Multisubstrate Screening. Org Process Res Dev 2023; 27:1235-1247. [PMID: 37529075 PMCID: PMC10389808 DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.3c00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, new synthetic reactions have been developed using a model substrate to screen reaction conditions before testing the optimized conditions with a range of more complex substrates. In 1998, Gao and Kagan pooled multiple substrates in one pot to study the generality of an enantioselective method. Although such one-pot multisubstrate screenings may be powerful, few applications have appeared in the literature. With the advancement of various chromatography techniques, it may be time to revisit this underutilized platform. This review article discusses the applications of one-pot multisubstrate screenings as a method for developing new synthetic methods.
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11
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Kang HJ, Lee C, Hong S. Nickel-Catalyzed Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Unactivated Alkenes via Enantio-, Diastereo-, and Regioselective Hydroamination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202305042. [PMID: 37078250 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202305042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Kinetic resolution is a powerful strategy for the isolation of enantioenriched compounds from racemic mixtures, and the development of selective catalytic processes is an active area of research. Here, we present a nickel-catalyzed kinetic resolution of racemic α-substituted unconjugated carbonyl alkenes via the enantio-, diastereo-, and regioselective hydroamination. This protocol affords both chiral α-substituted butenamides and syn-β2,3-amino acid derivatives with high enantiomeric purity (up to 99% ee) and s factor up to >684. The key to the excellent kinetic resolution efficiency is the distinctive architecture of the chiral nickel complex, which enables successful resolution and enantioselective C-N bond construction. Mechanistic investigations reveal that the unique structure of the chiral ligand facilitates a rapid migratory insertion step with one enantiomer. This strategy provides a practical and versatile approach to prepare a wide range of chiral compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Joon Kang
- KAIST: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Chemistry, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Changseok Lee
- KAIST: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Chemistry, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology KAIST, Department of Chemistry, Yusung Gu (KAIST), 34141, Daejeon, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
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12
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Li X, Ouyang X, Chen B, Liu S, Zeng J. Linkage and Stereochemistry Characters of Phenolic Antioxidant Product Formation. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:5382-5390. [PMID: 36693163 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study developed a smart and novel strategy to elucidate the linkage and stereochemistry characters during phenolic antioxidant product formation. A series of phenolic isomers or analogues were treated with 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide radical, to create 16 antioxidant dimerization reactions in aqueous solution. The products were rapidly identified by ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass-spectrometry. Through a systematic function-structure relationship analysis of these reactions and theoretical calculations, it is concluded that the phenolic antioxidant product is formed via linear linkage or furanocyclic linkage. The linear linkage is fulfilled via a radical coupling and controlled by the O-O linkage exclusion, meta-linkage exclusion, and catechol-activated principles. However, when an exocyclic π-bond conjugates with the phenolic core and is affixed at the -OH para-position, the furanocyclic linkage may occur via a subsequent intramolecular Michael addition. The intramolecular addition always lacks Re-attack to show "α,β diastereoselectivity." The α,β diastereoselectivity is the stereochemistry character of furanocyclic linkage during phenolic antioxidant product formation. All these novel findings can benefit not only the field food science but also other fields as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xican Li
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojian Ouyang
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ban Chen
- School of Biological Engineering and Food, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan430068, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuqin Liu
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyuan Zeng
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Waihuang East Road No. 232, Guangzhou510006, People's Republic of China
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13
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Suzuki T, Ikeda W, Kanno A, Ikeuchi K, Tanino K. Diastereoselective Synthesis of trans-anti-Hydrophenanthrenes via Ti-mediated Radical Cyclization and Total Synthesis of Kamebanin. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203511. [PMID: 36529687 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ent-kaurenes consist of an ABC-ring based on a trans-anti-hydrophenanthrene skeleton and a D ring with an exomethylene. Highly oxygen-functionalized ent-kauren-15-ones have promising antiinflammatory pharmacological activity. In this study, we developed a novel diastereoselective synthesis of trans-anti-hydrophenanthrenes via a Ti-mediated reductive radical cyclization. We also demonstrated the applicability of this method by developing the first total synthesis of (±)-kamebanin (longest linear sequence; 17 steps, overall yield; 6.5 %). Furthermore, this synthesis provided a formal semi-pinacol rearrangement for the construction of the quaternary carbon at C8 and a novel Thorpe-Ziegler-type reaction for the construction of the D-ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, 060-0810, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Wataru Ikeda
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, 060-0810, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ayaka Kanno
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, 060-0810, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kazutada Ikeuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, 060-0810, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanino
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, 060-0810, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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14
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Biswas S, Bania N, Chandra Pan S. Recent Developments in Intermolecular Cross-Rauhut-Currier Reactions. CHEM REC 2023:e202200257. [PMID: 36703563 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Intermolecular cross Rauhut-Currier reactions have gained much importance in recent years. It has proved its importance through procedures involving various catalysts and resulting in complex structures with good regio- as well as stereo- selectivity. This review highlights the recent developments of these reactions, published in current years, involving both achiral and chiral catalysts to give products, having various utilities. In addition, the detailed mechanistic studies of the above-mentioned reactions are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhankar Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India, 781039
| | - Nimisha Bania
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India, 781039
| | - Subhas Chandra Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India, 781039
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15
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Maior CRS, Costa PCS, Ligiéro CBP, de Moraes LS, Sousa GR, Lima SG, Esteves PM, Miranda PCML. Diastereoselectivity Switch During Alkene Reductions: Diastereodivergent Syntheses of Molecular Fossils via MHAT or Homogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation Reactions. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203731. [PMID: 36693212 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Sixteen geosterane derivatives were synthesized in up to 57 % overall yields in four steps harnessing the olefin cross-metathesis (OCM) and Metal hydride H atom transfer (MHAT) or homogeneous hydrogenation reactions as key steps. Drawing on this strategy, the diastereomeric ratio (d. r.) reached up to 24 : 1 for the thermodynamic isomer and 7 : 1 for the other isomer in the hydrogenation step. In a geological sample from northeast Brazil, we confirmed the putative structures previously assumed as methyl 2-(3α-5αH-cholestan) acetate, methyl 2-(3β-5αH-cholestan)acetate, and methyl 6-(3β-5αH-cholestan)hexanoate, as well three new molecular fossils of approximately 120 million years old. We also proved the migration marking ability of those carboxylic acids derived from forerunner geosteranes during an oil migration event, which suggests their aptitudes as molecular odometers. Our approach demonstrated swiftness and effectiveness in preparing a molecular library of geological biomarkers would also be appropriate to generate stereochemical diversity in molecular libraries for medicinal chemistry and natural product anticipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian R S Maior
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Campinas, R. Josué de Castro, 10384-612, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo C S Costa
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Campinas, R. Josué de Castro, 10384-612, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina B P Ligiéro
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Campinas, R. Josué de Castro, 10384-612, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Lygia S de Moraes
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, 91125, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Gustavo R Sousa
- Center of Natural Sciences, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella, 64049-550, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Sidney G Lima
- Center of Natural Sciences, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella, 64049-550, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Pierre M Esteves
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paulo C M L Miranda
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Campinas, R. Josué de Castro, 10384-612, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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16
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Filatov AS, Pronina YA, Selivanov SI, Shmakov SV, Uspenski AA, Boitsov VM, Stepakov AV. 11 H-Benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2- a]indol-11-one as a New Precursor of Azomethine Ylides: 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions with Cyclopropenes and Maleimides. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13202. [PMID: 36361988 PMCID: PMC9657675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The possibility of generating azomethine ylides from 11H-benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]indol-11-one and amino acids is shown for the first time. Based on the cycloaddition reactions of these azomethine ylides with cyclopropenes and maleimides, cyclopropa[a]pyrrolizines, 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes, and pyrrolo[3,4-a]pyrrolizines spiro-fused with a benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]indole fragment were synthesized. Spirocyclic compounds were obtained in moderate to good yields, albeit with poor diastereoselectivity. Density functional theory calculations were performed to obtain an insight into the mechanism of the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 11H-benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]indol-11-one-derived azomethine ylides to cyclopropenes. The cytotoxic activity of some of the obtained cycloadducts against the human erythroleukemia (K562) cell line was evaluated in vitro by MTS-assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S. Filatov
- Department of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Yulia A. Pronina
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Saint Petersburg 190013, Russia
| | - Stanislav I. Selivanov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Saint Petersburg 190013, Russia
- Laboratory of Biomolecular NMR, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Stanislav V. Shmakov
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnologies, Saint-Petersburg National Research Academic University of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg 194021, Russia
| | - Anton A. Uspenski
- Department of Monitoring and Research of the Chemical Composition of the Atmosphere, Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory, Saint Petersburg 194021, Russia
| | - Vitali M. Boitsov
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnologies, Saint-Petersburg National Research Academic University of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg 194021, Russia
| | - Alexander V. Stepakov
- Department of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Saint Petersburg 190013, Russia
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17
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Abhyankar PC, MacMillan SN, Lacy DC. Bench-Stable Dinuclear Mn(I) Catalysts in E-Selective Alkyne Semihydrogenation: A Mechanistic Investigation. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201766. [PMID: 35695788 PMCID: PMC9509449 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Dinuclear manganese hydride complexes of the form [Mn2 (CO)8 (μ-H)(μ-PR2 )] (R=Ph, 1; R=iPr, 2) were used in E-selective alkyne semi-hydrogenation (E-SASH) catalysis. Catalyst speciation studies revealed rich coordination chemistry and the complexes thus formed were isolated and in turn tested as catalysts; the results underscore the importance of dinuclearity in engendering the observed E-selectivity and provide insights into the nature of the active catalyst. The insertion product obtained from treating 2 with (cyclopropylethynyl)benzene contains a cis-alkenyl bridging ligand with the cyclopropyl ring being intact. Treatment of this complex with H2 affords exclusively trans-(2-cyclopropylvinyl)benzene. These results, in addition to other control experiments, indicate a non-radical mechanism for E-SASH, which is highly unusual for Mn-H catalysts. The catalytically active species are virtually inactive towards cis to trans alkene isomerization indicating that the E-selective process is intrinsic and dinuclear complexes play a critical role. A reaction mechanism is proposed accounting for the observed reactivity which is fully consistent with a kinetic analysis of the rate limiting step and is further supported by DFT computations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preshit C Abhyankar
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA
| | - Samantha N MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - David C Lacy
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA
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18
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Kharitonov YV, Shults EE. An Approach toward 17-Arylsubstituted Marginatafuran-Type Isospongian Diterpenoids via a Palladium-Catalyzed Heck-Suzuki Cascade Reaction of 16-Bromolambertianic Acid. Molecules 2022; 27:2643. [PMID: 35565994 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Isospongian diterpenes are a small but growing family of natural tetracyclic secondary metabolites isolated from marine organisms, primarily sponges and nudibranchs. A palladium-catalyzed domino Heck–Suzuki reaction sequence for the synthesis of the tetracyclic skeleton of marginatafuran-type isospongian diterpenoids with a wide variety of substituents in the C-17 position is reported. The proposed approach was based on selective transformations of the accessible plant diterpenoid lambertianic acid and includes an intramolecular Heck reaction of 16-bromolambertianic and arylation of the palladium intermediate with arylboronic acid. The influence of the nature of the substituent both in arylboronic acids and in the furan ring of 16-bromolambertianic acid on the direction and chemoselectivity of the reaction has been studied. The described derivatization of natural furanolabdanoid lambertianic acid produced new functionalized molecules for biological study and gave novel insights into the reactivity of complex molecular structures.
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19
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Mondal M, Mitra S, Twardy DJ, Panda M, Wheeler KA, Kerrigan NJ. Asymmetric Synthesis of Bicyclic Pyrazolidinones through Alkaloid-Catalyzed [3+2]-Cycloadditions of Ketenes and Azomethine Imines. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104391. [PMID: 35175649 PMCID: PMC9311188 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A versatile asymmetric synthesis of bicyclic pyrazolidinones through alkaloid‐catalyzed formal [3+2]‐ and [3+2+2]‐cycloadditions of ketenes with azomethine imines is described. The methodology was found to be tolerant of ketene and a variety of monosubstituted ketenes (R=alkyl, OAc). The products were formed in good to excellent yields (71–99 % for 24 examples, 39 examples in all), with good to excellent diastereoselectivity in many cases (dr 3 : 1 to 27 : 1 for 22 examples), and with excellent enantioselectivity for most examples (≥93 % ee for 34 products). In the case of most disubstituted ketenes, the reaction proceeded through a [3+2+2]‐cycloaddition to form structurally interesting bicyclic pyrazolo‐oxadiazepinediones with moderate diastereoselectivity (dr up to 3.7 : 1) and as racemic mixtures (3 examples). The method represents the first unambiguous example of an enantioselective reaction between ketenes and a 1,3‐dipole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukulesh Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, 2200 N. Squirrel Road, Rochester, MI 48309-4477, USA
| | - Shubhanjan Mitra
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Dylan J Twardy
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, 2200 N. Squirrel Road, Rochester, MI 48309-4477, USA
| | - Manashi Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, 2200 N. Squirrel Road, Rochester, MI 48309-4477, USA
| | - Kraig A Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry, Whitworth University, Spokane, WA 99251, USA
| | - Nessan J Kerrigan
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
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20
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Huffman BJ, Chu T, Hanaki Y, Wong JJ, Chen S, Houk KN, Shenvi RA. Stereodivergent Attached-Ring Synthesis via Non-Covalent Interactions: A Short Formal Synthesis of Merrilactone A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202114514. [PMID: 34820990 PMCID: PMC8748398 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A strategy to control the diastereoselectivity of bond formation at a prochiral attached-ring bridgehead is reported. An unusual stereodivergent Michael reaction relies on basic vs. Lewis acidic conditions and non-covalent interactions to control re- vs. si- facial selectivity en route to fully substituted attached-rings. This divergency reflects differential engagement of one rotational isomer of the attached-ring system. The successful synthesis of an erythro subtarget diastereomer ultimately leads to a short formal synthesis of merrilactone A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J. Huffman
- Department of Chemistry Scripps Research 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Tiffany Chu
- Department of Chemistry Scripps Research 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Yusuke Hanaki
- Department of Chemistry Scripps Research 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jonathan J. Wong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry 619 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Shuming Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry 119 Woodland Street, Oberlin, Ohio 44074, United States
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry 619 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Ryan A. Shenvi
- Department of Chemistry Scripps Research 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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21
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Yang F, Hou W, Zhu D, Tang Y, Yu B. A Stereoselective Glycosylation Approach to the Construction of 1,2-trans-β-d-Glycosidic Linkages and Convergent Synthesis of Saponins. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202104002. [PMID: 34859514 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Conventional syntheses of 1,2-trans-β-d- or α-l-glycosidic linkages rely mainly on neighboring group participation in the glycosylation reactions. The requirement for a neighboring participation group (NPG) excludes direct glycosylation with (1→2)-linked glycan donors, thus only allowing stepwise assembly of glycans and glycoconjugates containing this type of common motif. Here, a robust glycosylation protocol for the synthesis of 1,2-trans-β-d- or α-l-glycosidic linkages without resorting to NPG is disclosed; it employs an optimal combination of glycosyl N-phenyltrifluroacetimidates as donors, FeCl3 as promoter, and CH2 Cl2 /nitrile as solvent. A broad substrate scope has been demonstrated by glycosylations with 12 (1→2)-linked di- and trisaccharide donors and 13 alcoholic acceptors including eight complex triterpene derivatives. Most of the glycosylation reactions are high yielding and exclusively 1,2-trans selective. Ten representative, naturally occurring triterpene saponins were thus synthesized in a convergent manner after deprotection of the coupled glycosides. Intensive mechanistic studies indicated that this glycosylation proceeds by SN 2-type substitution of the glycosyl α-nitrilium intermediates. Importantly, FeCl3 dissociates and coordinates with nitrile into [Fe(RCN)n Cl2 ]+ and [FeCl4 ]- , and the ferric cationic species coordinates with the alcoholic acceptor to provide a protic species that activates the imidate, meanwhile the poor nucleophilicity of [FeCl4 ]- ensures an uninterruptive role for the glycosidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuzhu Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, P. R. China
| | - Wu Hou
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Dapeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, P. R. China
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22
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Ďurina L, Ďurinová A, Trejtnar F, Janotka Ľ, Messingerová L, Doháňošová J, Moncol J, Fischer R. Highly stereocontrolled total synthesis of racemic codonopsinol B through isoxazolidine-4,5-diol vinylation. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2781-2786. [PMID: 34900008 PMCID: PMC8630432 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A new highly diastereoselective synthesis of the polyhydroxylated pyrrolidine alkaloid (±)-codonopsinol B and its N-nor-methyl analogue, starting from achiral materials, is presented. The strategy relies on the trans-stereoselective epoxidation of 2,3-dihydroisoxazole with in situ-generated DMDO, the syn-selective α-chelation-controlled addition of vinyl-MgBr/CeCl3 to the isoxazolidine-4,5-diol intermediate, and the substrate-directed epoxidation of the terminal double bond of the corresponding γ-amino-α,β-diol with aqueous hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by phosphotungstic heteropoly acid. Each of the key reactions proceeded with an excellent diastereoselectivity (dr > 95:5). (±)-Codonopsinol B was prepared in 10 steps with overall 8.4% yield. The antiproliferative effect of (±)-codonopsinol B and its N-nor-methyl analogue was evaluated using several cell line models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Ďurina
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Anna Ďurinová
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - František Trejtnar
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ľuboš Janotka
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava 4, Slovak Republic
| | - Lucia Messingerová
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava 4, Slovak Republic
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jana Doháňošová
- Central Laboratories, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Moncol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technology and Materials, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Róbert Fischer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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23
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Rauscher N, Næsborg L, Jandl C, Bach T. Concise Total Synthesis of Agarozizanol B via a Strained Photocascade Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24039-24042. [PMID: 34519408 PMCID: PMC8596452 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The prezizane-type sesquiterpene agarozizanol B was synthesized employing a photochemical cascade reaction as the key step. Starting from a readily available 1-indanone with a tethered olefin, a strained tetracyclic skeleton was assembled which contained all carbon atoms of the sesquiterpene with the correct relative configuration. The conversion into the tricyclic prezizane skeleton was accomplished by a strategic cyclopropane bond cleavage. Prior to the cyclopropane ring opening an adaption of the oxidation state was required, which could be combined with a reductive resolution step. After removal of two functional groups, the natural product was obtained both in racemic form or, if resolved, as the (+)-enantiomer which was shown to be identical to the natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Rauscher
- Technische Universität MünchenSchool of Natural SciencesDepartment of Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
| | - Line Næsborg
- Technische Universität MünchenSchool of Natural SciencesDepartment of Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
| | - Christian Jandl
- Technische Universität MünchenSchool of Natural SciencesDepartment of Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Technische Universität MünchenSchool of Natural SciencesDepartment of Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
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24
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Maitland JAP, Leitch JA, Yamazaki K, Christensen KE, Cassar DJ, Hamlin TA, Dixon DJ. Switchable, Reagent-Controlled Diastereodivergent Photocatalytic Carbocyclisation of Imine-Derived α-Amino Radicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24116-24123. [PMID: 34449968 PMCID: PMC8597041 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A reagent‐controlled stereodivergent carbocyclisation of aryl aldimine‐derived, photocatalytically generated, α‐amino radicals possessing adjacent conjugated alkenes, affording either bicyclic or tetracyclic products, is described. Under net reductive conditions using commercial Hantzsch ester, the α‐amino radical species underwent a single stereoselective cyclisation to give trans‐configured amino‐indane structures in good yield, whereas using a substituted Hantzsch ester as a milder reductant afforded cis‐fused tetracyclic tetrahydroquinoline frameworks, resulting from two consecutive radical cyclisations. Judicious choice of the reaction conditions allowed libraries of both single and dual cyclisation products to be synthesised with high selectivity, notable predictability, and good‐to‐excellent yields. Computational analysis employing DFT revealed the reaction pathway and mechanistic rationale behind this finely balanced yet readily controlled photocatalytic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Andrew P Maitland
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Jamie A Leitch
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.,Current address: Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, UCL (University College London), School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Ken Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.,Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten E Christensen
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | | | - Trevor A Hamlin
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Darren J Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
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25
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Xie JH, Zheng C, You SL. Palladium-Catalyzed Dearomative Methoxyallylation of 3-Nitroindoles with Allyl Carbonates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22184-22188. [PMID: 34273125 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report a Pd-catalyzed dearomative methoxyallylation of 3-nitroindoles with readily available allyl carbonates. Good yields (up to 86 %) and diastereoselectivity (up to >20:1 dr) are obtained for a wide range of substrates. The compatibility of gram-scale synthesis and the relatively low catalyst loading (down to 1 mol % of [Pd]) enhance the practicality of this method. The kinetic experiments indicate that the rate-determining step of this reaction is the nucleophilic attack of the alkoxide anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
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26
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Rahman AU, Zarshad N, Khan I, Faiz F, Li G, Ali A. Regio- and Diastereoselective Vicinal Aminobromination of Electron Deficient Olefins via Phosphorus-Based GAP Protocol. Front Chem 2021; 9:742399. [PMID: 34568286 PMCID: PMC8456122 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.742399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical synthesis based on Group-Assisted Purification chemistry (GAP) has been prolifically used as a powerful, greener and ecofriendly tool so far. Herein, we report hypervalent iodine (III) mediated regio- and diastereoselective aminobromination of electron-deficient olefins using group-assisted purification (GAP) method. By simply mixing the GAP auxiliary-anchored substrates with TsNH2-NBS as nitrogen/bromine sources and PhI(OAc)2 as a catalyst, a series of vicinal bromoamines with multifunctionalities were obtained in moderate to excellent yields (53-94%). The vicinal bromoamines were obtained without column chromatography and/or recrystallization simply by washing the crude mixtures with cosolvents and thus avoiding wastage of silica, solvents, time, and labor. The GAP auxiliary is recyclable and reusable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Ur Rahman
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nighat Zarshad
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Iltaf Khan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, China
| | - Faisal Faiz
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guigen Li
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Asad Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
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27
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Nishikawa K, Niwa T, Nishikibe K, Kumagai M, Morimoto Y. Establishing a "Ring-Size-Divergent" Synthetic Strategy: Synthesis, Structural Revision, and Absolute Configuration of Feroniellins. Chemistry 2021; 27:11045-11049. [PMID: 34076911 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Feroniellin analogs isolated from Feroniella lucida possess a furanocoumarin skeleton connected to monoterpenic five- to seven-membered ethereal rings by an ether linkage and exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities. In this contribution, we intended to establish a "ring-size-divergent" synthetic strategy for the monoterpenic five- to seven-membered ethereal rings through the chemical sythesis of feroniellins. The short and comprehensive synthesis of feroniellins was achieved in only two steps from easily available bergamottin based on the "ring-size-divergent" strategy. In addition, these syntheses resulted in revision of the proposed structures for feroniellins A and B and the determination of all the absolute configurations of feroniellins; their preliminary anti-inflammatory activities were investigated as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Nishikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Toshiki Niwa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Kento Nishikibe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Momochika Kumagai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.,Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University Shimoarata, Kagoshima, 8900056, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Morimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
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Abstract
A concise synthesis of the alkaloid lythranidine is reported. The strategy exploits the target's local C2 symmetry by adopting a two directional synthetic approach, first in an acyclic environment, then in a cyclic system and finally in a bridged macrocyclic domain. The latter phase of the synthesis, which installs all four stereocenters, involves a thermodynamically controlled, twofold intermolecular/transannular aza-Michael addition and a twofold hydride reduction. The synthesis is one third of the length of the most step-economic previous approach, providing access to gram quantities of the natural product. The broad-spectrum nature of the synthesis is demonstrated through the preparation of three diastereomeric analogues of the natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas L Magann
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Mitchell T Blyth
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Michael S Sherburn
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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29
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Li HL, Huang WS, Ling FY, Li L, Yan JH, Xu H, Xu LW. Highly Diastereoselective Hydrosilane-Assisted Rhodium-Catalyzed Spiro-Type Cycloisomerization of Succinimide and Pyrazolone-Based Functional 1,6-Dienes. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:1730-1734. [PMID: 33945231 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Organosilicon compounds are important reagents and synthetic intermediates that play a key role in the construction of new materials and complex products. Here we show a highly diastereoselective rhodium-catalyzed cycloisomerization of 1,6-dienes, in which the use of (EtO)3 SiH accelerates the intramolecular cyclization reaction to afford a novel spiro-fused succinimide and pyrazolone derivatives in moderate to excellent yields as a single diastereoisomer. The proposed mechanism involves an active Rh-H species from the hydrosilane that is the H-donor in this spiro-type cycloisomerization reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education and Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Sheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education and Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Fang-Ying Ling
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education and Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education and Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Hao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education and Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education and Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Li-Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education and Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation Suzhou Research Institute (SRI), Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
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30
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Pigga JE, Rosenberger JE, Jemas A, Boyd SJ, Dmitrenko O, Xie Y, Fox JM. General, Divergent Platform for Diastereoselective Synthesis of trans-Cyclooctenes with High Reactivity and Favorable Physiochemical Properties*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14975-14980. [PMID: 33742526 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
trans-Cyclooctenes (TCOs) are essential partners in the fastest known bioorthogonal reactions, but current synthetic methods are limited by poor diastereoselectivity. Especially hard to access are hydrophilic TCOs with favorable physicochemical properties for live cell or in vivo experiments. Described is a new class of TCOs, "a-TCOs", prepared in high yield by stereocontrolled 1,2-additions of nucleophiles to trans-cyclooct-4-enone, which itself was prepared on a large scale in two steps from 1,5-cyclooctadiene. Computational transition-state models rationalize the diastereoselectivity of 1,2-additions to deliver a-TCO products, which were also shown to be more reactive than standard TCOs and less hydrophobic than even a trans-oxocene analogue. Illustrating the favorable physicochemical properties of a-TCOs, a fluorescent TAMRA derivative in live HeLa cells was shown to be cell-permeable through intracellular Diels-Alder chemistry and to wash out more rapidly than other TCOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E Pigga
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 163 The Green, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Julia E Rosenberger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 163 The Green, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Andrew Jemas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 163 The Green, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Samantha J Boyd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 163 The Green, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Olga Dmitrenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 163 The Green, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Yixin Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 163 The Green, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Joseph M Fox
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 163 The Green, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
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31
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Ramirez M, Svatunek D, Liu F, Garg NK, Houk KN. Origins of Endo Selectivity in Diels-Alder Reactions of Cyclic Allene Dienophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14989-14997. [PMID: 33851504 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Strained cyclic allenes, first discovered in 1966 by Wittig and co-workers, have recently emerged as valuable synthetic building blocks. Previous experimental investigations, and computations reported here, demonstrate that the Diels-Alder reactions of furans and pyrroles with 1,2-cyclohexadiene and oxa- and azaheterocyclic analogs proceed with endo selectivity. This endo selectivity gives the adduct with the allylic saturated carbon of the cyclic allene endo to the diene carbons. The selectivity is very general and useful in synthetic applications. Our computational study establishes the origins of this endo selectivity. We analyze the helical frontier molecular orbitals of strained cyclic allenes and show how secondary orbital and electrostatic effects influence stereoselectivity. The LUMO of carbon-3 of the allene (C-3 is not involved in primary orbital interactions) interacts in a stabilizing fashion with the HOMO of the diene in such a way that the carbon of the cyclic allene attached to C-1 favors the endo position in the transition state. The furan LUMO, allene HOMO interaction reinforces this preference. These mechanistic studies are expected to prompt the further use of long-avoided strained cyclic allenes in chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Ramirez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Dennis Svatunek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Neil K Garg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Kendall N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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32
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Rapp M, Margas-Musielak K, Kaczmarek P, Witkowska A, Cytlak T, Siodła T, Koroniak H. Highly Diastereoselective Construction of Carbon- Heteroatom Quaternary Stereogenic Centers in the Synthesis of Analogs of Bioactive Compounds: From Monofluorinated Epoxyalkylphosphonates to α-Fluoro-, β-, or γ-Amino Alcohol Derivatives of Alkylphosphonates. Front Chem 2021; 9:613633. [PMID: 34150715 PMCID: PMC8208234 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.613633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of the stable surrogates of an important amino acid (R)-4-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid (GABOB) such as substituted hydroxy aminophosphonic acids bearing a quaternary stereogenic center is presented. Highly diastereoselective formations of fluorinated spiroepoxy alkylphosphonate or related tertiary carbon-containing oxiranes from β-keto phosphonates possessing methyl, phenyl, or cyclohexenyl substituents, are reported. Stereoselective acid-promoted epoxide opening by bromide or azide followed by reduction/protection afforded tertiary bromides or N-Boc derivatives of β-amino-γ-hydroxy alkylphosphonates in most cases, while the reactions of oxiranes with different amines yielded their β-hydroxy-γ-amino regioisomers. Surprisingly, during the synthesis of amino phosphonic acids, we observe that the acid-induced rearrangement proceeded in a high diastereospecific manner, leading finally to substituted β-hydroxy-γ-aminoalkylphosphonic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rapp
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Patrycja Kaczmarek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Tomasz Cytlak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
- Centre for Advanced Technologies Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Siodła
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Henryk Koroniak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
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33
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Le VD, Dang CH, Nguyen CH, Nguyen HU, Nguyen TD. Synthesis of β-Methyl Alcohols: Influence of Alkyl Chain Length on Diastereoselectivity and New Attractants of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:5882-5886. [PMID: 34028273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The diastereoselectivity of adducts in the addition reaction via the Felkin-Anh model is affected significantly by the steric effect of bulky groups. However, the influence of steric alkyl chain length has not been studied for the diastereoselectivity. In this work, we present a new strategy for the racemic synthesis of β-methyl alcohols to obtain various diastereomer ratios using the Felkin-Anh model. The addition of alkyl Grignard reagents to α-methyl aldehydes afforded diastereomer ratios of threo/erythro ≈ 2:1, while the reduction in structurally related ketones using LiAlH4 afforded ratios of threo/erythro ≈ 1:1. The experimental data showed no effect of alkyl chain length on either side on the stereoselectivity of adducts. All synthesized analogues were evaluated for attractiveness to Rhynchophorus ferrugineus weevils in the field. Five novel derivatives, including two alcohols and three ketones, were found to attract weevils in the field trials. Among them, 3-methyldecan-4-one (5b) and 4-methyldecan-5-ol (11a) were found to be the most attractive to the insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van-Dung Le
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1A, TL29, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Chi-Hien Dang
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1A, TL29, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Cong-Hao Nguyen
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1A, TL29, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Hong-Ung Nguyen
- Department of Agriculture and Aquaculture, Tra Vinh University, 126 Nguyen Thien Thanh Street Ward 5, Tra Vinh City 87000, Vietnam
| | - Thanh-Danh Nguyen
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1A, TL29, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
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Matsumura K, Nishikawa K, Yoshida H, Niwa T, Fushii Y, Doe M, Morimoto Y. One-Step Synthesis of the 1-Azaspiro[5.5]undecane Skeleton Characteristic of Histrionicotoxin Alkaloids from Linear Substrates via Hg(OTf) 2 -Catalyzed Cycloisomerization. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:1882-1886. [PMID: 33973732 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Histrionicotoxin (HTX) alkaloids isolated from the poison arrow frogs possess a unique structure characterized by a 1-azaspiro[5.5]undecane skeleton common to the HTX family. The unique molecular architecture of HTXs and the interest as potential target drugs have prompted synthetic chemists to promote the total synthesis so far. However, all of the synthetic strategies to access the 1-azaspiro[5.5]undecane framework of HTXs take a multistep approach from linear starting materials due to stepwise construction of either six-membered carbo- or azacycle. Herein, we report the direct one-step construction of the 1-azaspiro[5.5]undecane skeleton from linear amino ynone substrates bearing an N-methoxycarbonyl group utilizing our mercuric triflate (Hg(OTf)2 )-catalyzed cycloisomerization reaction. The utility of this novel methodology was demonstrated by the total and formal syntheses of HTX-235A and HTX-283A, respectively, from the azaspirocycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunihiro Matsumura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nishikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Toshiki Niwa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Fushii
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Matsumi Doe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Morimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
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35
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Bauer JB, Diab F, Maichle-Mössmer C, Schubert H, Bettinger HF. Synthesis of the [11]Cyclacene Framework by Repetitive Diels-Alder Cycloadditions. Molecules 2021; 26:3047. [PMID: 34065279 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26103047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Diels–Alder cycloaddition between bisdienes and bisdienophile incorporating the 7-oxa-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane unit are well known to show high diastereoselectivity that can be exploited for the synthesis of molecular belts. The related bisdiene 5,6,7,8-tetramethylidene-2-bicyclo[2.2.2]octene is a valuable building block for the synthesis of photoprecursors for acenes, but it has not been employed for the synthesis of molecular belts. The present work investigates by computational means the Diels–Alder reaction between these bisdiene building blocks with syn-1,4,5,8-tetrahydro-1,4:5,8-diepoxyanthracene, which shows that the diastereoselectivity of the Diels–Alder reaction of the etheno-bridged bisdiene is lower than that of the epoxy-bridged bisdiene. The reaction of the etheno-bridged bisdiene and syn-1,4,5,8-tetrahydro-1,4:5,8-diepoxyanthracene in 2:1 ratio yields two diastereomers that differ in the orientation of the oxa and etheno bridges based on NMR and X-ray crystallography. The all-syn diastereomer can be transformed into a molecular belt by inter- and intramolecular Diels–Alder reactions with a bifunctional building block. The molecular belt could function as a synthetic intermediate en route to a [11]cyclacene photoprecursor.
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36
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Chang CW, Lin MH, Chan CK, Su KY, Wu CH, Lo WC, Lam S, Cheng YT, Liao PH, Wong CH, Wang CC. Automated Quantification of Hydroxyl Reactivities: Prediction of Glycosylation Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12413-12423. [PMID: 33634934 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The stereoselectivity and yield in glycosylation reactions are paramount but unpredictable. We have developed a database of acceptor nucleophilic constants (Aka) to quantify the nucleophilicity of hydroxyl groups in glycosylation influenced by the steric, electronic and structural effects, providing a connection between experiments and computer algorithms. The subtle reactivity differences among the hydroxyl groups on various carbohydrate molecules can be defined by Aka, which is easily accessible by a simple and convenient automation system to assure high reproducibility and accuracy. A diverse range of glycosylation donors and acceptors with well-defined reactivity and promoters were organized and processed by the designed software program "GlycoComputer" for prediction of glycosylation reactions without involving sophisticated computational processing. The importance of Aka was further verified by random forest algorithm, and the applicability was tested by the synthesis of a Lewis A skeleton to show that the stereoselectivity and yield can be accurately estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Wei Chang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Huei Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Kai Chan
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yu Su
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Wu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chih Lo
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Sarah Lam
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Cheng
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Hsuan Liao
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, 92037, USA
| | - Cheng-Chung Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.,Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
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37
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Cohen Y, Augustin AU, Levy L, Jones PG, Werz DB, Marek I. Regio- and Diastereoselective Copper-Catalyzed Carbomagnesiation for the Synthesis of Penta- and Hexa-Substituted Cyclopropanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11804-11808. [PMID: 33742749 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Despite the highly strained nature of cyclopropanes possessing three vicinal quaternary carbon stereocenters, the regio- and diastereoselective copper-catalyzed carbomagnesiation reaction of cyclopropenes provides an easy and efficient access to these novel persubstituted cyclopropyl cores with a complete regio- and diastereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yair Cohen
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 3200009, Israel
| | - André U Augustin
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 3200009, Israel
| | - Laura Levy
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 3200009, Israel
| | - Peter G Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ilan Marek
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 3200009, Israel
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38
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Meninno S, Carratù M, Overgaard J, Lattanzi A. Diastereoselective Synthesis of Functionalized 5-Amino-3,4-Dihydro-2H-Pyrrole-2-Carboxylic Acid Esters: One-Pot Approach Using Commercially Available Compounds and Benign Solvents. Chemistry 2021; 27:4573-4577. [PMID: 33464645 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A novel three-step four-transformation approach to highly functionalized 5-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid esters, starting from commercially available phenylsulfonylacetonitrile, aldehydes, and N-(diphenylmethylene)glycine tert-butyl ester, was developed. The one-pot strategy delivered this class of amidines bearing, for the first time, three contiguous stereocenters, in good to high yield and diastereoselectivity. The entire sequence was carried out using diethyl carbonate and 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran as benign solvents, operating under metal-free conditions. The process could be conveniently scaled-up, and the synthetic utility of the products was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Meninno
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Mario Carratù
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Jacob Overgaard
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Alessandra Lattanzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, Italy
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39
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Kovács Z, Csámpai A. 2,3-Dihydroferroceno[3,4]pyrrolo[2,1-b]thiazol-5(8b)-ones: Synthesis, Structure and DFT Study on the Mechanism of Chemo- and Diastereoslective Annulations of ( Sp)-2-Formylferrocenecarbonyl Fluoride and ( Sp)-2-Formylferrocenecarboxylic Acid. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051420. [PMID: 33808035 PMCID: PMC7961964 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
By means of the annulation of easy-to-handle yet sufficiently reactive (Sp)-2-formylferrocenecar- bonyl fluoride with the hydrochlorides of cysteamine and the methyl esters of enentiomer cysteines conducted in dichloromethane at room temperature in the presence of pyridine, the first members of 2,3-dihydroferroceno[3,4]pyrrolo[2,1-b]thiazol-5(8bH)-ones with the elements of planar- and central chirality were prepared as single enantiomers. An atom economic procedure was also elaborated for the synthesis of these organometallic heterocycles directly exploring (Sp)-2-formylferrocenecarboxylic acid in situ activated by CDI and TFA, sequentially added to the reaction mixture. The relative and consequently, the absolute, configuration of the isolated diastereomers was determined by NMR measurements supported by DFT structural optimization. On the basis of the results of synthetic control experiments and a series of further DFT modelling studies, including energetic and MO analysis of the iminium intermediates, we propose a mechanism for the thiazolidine-forming annulations that proceed via primary N-acylation followed by proton-mediated cyclocondensation and subsequent diastereoselective sulfhydryl-attack on the resulting iminium center.
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40
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Chen Y, Ding Z, Wang Y, Liu W, Kong W. Synthesis of Indanones and Spiroindanones by Diastereoselective Annulation Based on a Hydrogen Autotransfer Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5273-5278. [PMID: 33205565 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented nickel-catalyzed domino reductive cyclization of alkynes and o-bromoaryl aldehydes is described. The reaction features broad substrate scope and is tolerant of a variety of functional groups, providing straightforward access to biologically significant indanones and spiroindanone pyrrolidine derivatives in good yields with excellent regio- and diastereoselectivity. Preliminary mechanistic studies have shown that indanones are formed by the cyclization of o-bromoaryl aldehydes and alkynes to form indenol intermediates, followed by hydrogen autotransfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yate Chen
- The Center for Precision Synthesis (CPS), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Zhengtian Ding
- The Center for Precision Synthesis (CPS), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Wang
- The Center for Precision Synthesis (CPS), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Wenfeng Liu
- The Center for Precision Synthesis (CPS), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Wangqing Kong
- The Center for Precision Synthesis (CPS), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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41
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Dang HT, Nguyen VD, Haug GC, Vuong NTH, Arman HD, Larionov OV. Z-Selective Dienylation Enables Stereodivergent Construction of Dienes and Unravels a Ligand-Driven Mechanistic Dichotomy. ACS Catal 2021; 11:1042-1052. [PMID: 33968463 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Development of stereoselective and efficient reactions for construction of conjugated dienes and polyenes has remained at the forefront of organic chemistry, due to their key roles in medicinal chemistry, organic synthesis, and materials science. The synthesis of conjugated dienes and polyenes is typically accomplished in a multistep manner by sequential installation of individual C=C bonds because it allows for control of stereoselectivity and efficiency of formation of each double bond. A conceptually distinct dienylation approach entails a stereoselective appendage of a four-carbon unit, shortcutting diene synthesis. Dienylation with sulfolene provided a direct route to E-dienes, but the synthesis of substantially more challenging Z-dienes remained elusive. Here, we report that a highly Z-selective dienylation can be now achieved by a simple adjustment of a ligand, enabling stereodivergent synthesis of E- and Z-dienes from one reagent and in one step. A detailed mechanistic investigation of the E- and Z-selective dienylation provided insight into the divergent behavior of the two catalytic systems and revealed that differences in relative stabilities of catalytically active palladium phosphine complexes have a major impact on the stereochemical outcomes of the dienylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang T. Dang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Viet D. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Graham C. Haug
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Ngan T. H. Vuong
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Hadi D. Arman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Oleg V. Larionov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
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42
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Schmidt JP, Breit B. Rhodium-Catalyzed Cyclization of Terminal and Internal Allenols: An Atom Economic and Highly Stereoselective Access Towards Tetrahydropyrans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23485-23490. [PMID: 32940396 PMCID: PMC7756761 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive study of a diastereoselective Rh-catalyzed cyclization of terminal and internal allenols is reported. The methodology allows the atom economic and highly syn-selective access to synthetically important 2,4-disubstituted and 2,4,6-trisubstituted tetrahydropyrans (THP). Furthermore, its utility and versatility are demonstrated by a great functional-group compatibility and the enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-centrolobine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes P. Schmidt
- Institute for Organic ChemistryAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität FreiburgAlbertstraße 2179104Freiburg im BreisgauGermany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institute for Organic ChemistryAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität FreiburgAlbertstraße 2179104Freiburg im BreisgauGermany
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43
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Abstract
Chemical synthesis is one of the practical approaches to access carbohydrate-based natural products and their derivatives with high quality and in a large quantity. However, stereoselectivity during the glycosylation reaction is the main challenge because the reaction can generate both α- and β-glycosides. The main focus of the present article is the concept of recent mechanistic studies that have applied statistical analysis and quantitation for defining stereoselective changes during the reaction process. Based on experimental evidence, a detailed discussion associated with the mechanism and degree of influence affecting the stereoselective outcome of glycosylation is included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Wei Chang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Huei Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chung Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.,Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program (Taiwan), International Graduate Program (TIGP), Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
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44
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Masson G, Gomez Pardo D, Cossy J. Ring-opening of azetidiniums by nucleophiles. Synthesis of polysubstituted linear amines. Chirality 2020; 33:5-21. [PMID: 33201588 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This microreview focuses on the nucleophilic ring-opening of azetidiniums presenting various substitution patterns at C2, C3, and C4. In most cases, the nucleophilic ring-opening occurred in a stereoselective and regioselective fashion producing functionalized linear amines. Experimental selectivities associated with Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations have allowed a better understanding of the parameters governing the regioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Masson
- Molecular, Macromolecular Chemistry and Materials, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Domingo Gomez Pardo
- Molecular, Macromolecular Chemistry and Materials, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Janine Cossy
- Molecular, Macromolecular Chemistry and Materials, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
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45
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Abstract
The exploitation of the α-trifluoromethylamino group as an amide surrogate in peptidomimetics and drug candidates has been on the rise. In a large number of these cases, this moiety bears stereochemistry with the stereochemical identity having important consequences on numerous molecular properties, such as the potency of the compound. Yet, the majority of stereoselective syntheses of α-CF3 amines rely on diastereoselective couplings with chiral reagents. Concurrent with the rapid expansion of fluorine into pharmaceuticals has been the development of catalytic enantioselective means of preparing α-trifluoromethyl amines. In this work, we outline the strategies that have been employed for accessing these enantioenriched amines, including normal polarity approaches and several recent developments in imine umpolung transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibueze I. Onyeagusi
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Steven J. Malcolmson
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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46
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Wosińska-Hrydczuk M, Skarżewski J. New Advances in the Synthetic Application of Enantiomeric 1-Phenylethylamine (α-PEA): Privileged Chiral Inducer and Auxiliary. Molecules 2020; 25:E4907. [PMID: 33114098 PMCID: PMC7660327 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
New developments in the synthesis, resolution, and synthetic applications of chiral 1-phenylethylamine (α-PEA) reported in the last decade have been reviewed. In particular, improvements in the synthesis of α-PEA and its derivatives and chiral resolution, as well as their applications in the resolution of other compounds, were discussed. α-PEA was used as a chiral auxiliary in the diastereoselective synthesis of medicinal substances and natural products. Chiral ligands with α-PEA moieties were applied in asymmetric reactions, and effective modular chiral organocatalysts were constructed with α-PEA fragments and used in important synthetic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacek Skarżewski
- Chair of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland;
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47
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Buday P, Seeber P, Zens C, Abul‐Futouh H, Görls H, Gräfe S, Matczak P, Kupfer S, Weigand W, Mloston G. Iron(0)-Mediated Stereoselective (3+2)-Cycloaddition of Thiochalcones via a Diradical Intermediate. Chemistry 2020; 26:11412-11416. [PMID: 32212185 PMCID: PMC7540601 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Reactions of α,β-unsaturated aromatic thioketones 1 (thiochalcones) with Fe3 (CO)12 leading to η4 -1-thia-1,3-diene iron tricarbonyl complexes 2, [FeFe] hydrogenase mimics 3, and the thiopyrane adduct 4 are described. Obtained products have been characterized by X-ray crystallography and by computational methods. Completely regio- and diastereoselective formation of the five-membered ring system in products 3, containing four stereogenic centers, can be explained by an unprecedented, stepwise (3+2)-cycloaddition of two thiochalcone molecules mediated by Fe3 (CO)12 . Quantum chemical calculations aimed at elucidation of the reaction mechanism, suggest that the formal (3+2)-cycloaddition proceeds via sequential intramolecular radical transfer events upon homolytic cleavage of one carbon-sulfur bond leading to a diradical intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Buday
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryFriedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstrasse 807743JenaGermany
| | - Phillip Seeber
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich Schiller University JenaHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
| | - Clara Zens
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich Schiller University JenaHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
| | - Hassan Abul‐Futouh
- Faculty of PharmacyAl-Zaytoonah University of JordanP.O.Box 130Amman11733Jordan
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryFriedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstrasse 807743JenaGermany
| | - Stefanie Gräfe
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich Schiller University JenaHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
| | - Piotr Matczak
- Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of LodzTamka 1291403ŁódźPoland
| | - Stephan Kupfer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich Schiller University JenaHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
| | - Wolfgang Weigand
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryFriedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstrasse 807743JenaGermany
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48
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Tan J, Zhu W, Xu W, Jing Y, Ke Z, Liu Y, Maruoka K. Hypervalent Iodine-Mediated Diastereoselective α-Acetoxylation of Cyclic Ketones. Front Chem 2020; 8:467. [PMID: 32754572 PMCID: PMC7365914 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A binary hybrid system comprising a hypervalent iodine(III) reagent and BF3•OEt2 Lewis acid was found to be effective for the diastereoselective α-acetoxylation of cyclic ketones. In this hybrid system, BF3•OEt2 Lewis acid allowed the activation of the hypervalent iodine(III) reagent and cyclic ketones for smooth α-acetoxylation reaction, achieving high diastereoselectivity. This hypervalent iodine-mediated α-acetoxylation of the cyclic ketone reaction plausibly undergoes an SN2 substitution mechanism via an α-C-bound hypervalent iodine intermediate. The diastereoselectivity of the reaction mainly originates from thermodynamic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashen Tan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiqin Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiping Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaru Jing
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,PCFM Lab, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- PCFM Lab, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keiji Maruoka
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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49
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Rahman AU, Zarshad N, Zhou P, Yang W, Li G, Ali A. Hypervalent Iodine (III) Catalyzed Regio- and Diastereoselective Aminochlorination of Tailored Electron Deficient Olefins via GAP Chemistry. Front Chem 2020; 8:523. [PMID: 32733847 PMCID: PMC7358771 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report a protocol for highly efficient hypervalent iodine (III) mediated, group-assisted purification (GAP) method for the regioselectivities and stereoselective aminochlorination of electron-deficient olefins. A series of vicinal chloramines with multifunctionalities were acquired in moderate to excellent yields (45-94%), by merely mixing the GAP auxiliary-anchored substrates with dichloramine T and tosylamide as chlorine/nitrogen sources and iodobenzene diacetate as a catalyst. The vicinal chloramines were obtained without any column chromatographic purification and recrystallization simply by washing the reaction mixture with a minimum amount of common inexpensive solvents and thus avoiding wastage of silica, solvents, time, and labor. The GAP auxiliary is recyclable and reusable. This strategy is easy to handle, cost-effective, greener, sustainable, environmentally benign, and mostly suitable for the syntheses of vicinal haloamines from various electron-deficient alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Ur Rahman
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nighat Zarshad
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weitao Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guigen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Asad Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
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50
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Dikošová L, Laceková J, Záborský O, Fischer R. Synthesis of 3-substituted isoxazolidin-4-ols using hydroboration-oxidation reactions of 4,5-unsubstituted 2,3-dihydroisoxazoles. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:1313-1319. [PMID: 32595779 PMCID: PMC7308612 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Isoxazolidines represent a very important class of N/O-containing heterocycles used as the key intermediates in the synthesis of more complex cyclic and acyclic compounds, including various biologically active molecules. Here, we present a fast and highly stereoselective approach towards both C-3/4-cis and C-3/4-trans isomers of 3-substituted isoxazolidin-4-ols. The strategy relies on a highly regio- and trans-stereoselective hydroboration-oxidation reaction of the 4,5-unsubstituted 2,3-dihydroisoxazoles with basic hydrogen peroxide. The consecutive oxidation/reduction route, sequentially employing Dess-Martin periodinane and ʟ-selectride, is used for the inversion of the C-3/4-trans relative configuration of the isoxazolidine ring. The significance of the method lies in its variability and applicability to a concise synthesis of various 4-hydroxyisoxazolidines, starting from the readily available C-alkyl/aryl-nitrones. The resemblance to 3-hydroxypyrrolidines certainly makes the 4-hydroxyisoxazolidines important and valuable structural fragments in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Dikošová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Júlia Laceková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ondrej Záborský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Róbert Fischer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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