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Han Y, Zhu J, Zhang X, Hu S, Li C. Er:YAG Laser Therapy on Alveolar Osteitis After Mandibular Third Molar Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Study. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2024; 42:238-245. [PMID: 38416636 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2023.0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Alveolar osteitis (AO) or "dry socket" affects the quality of life of patients, and there is a high clinical demand for its effective treatment. Objective: To evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser therapy (ErLT) on AO after mandibular third molar surgery. Methods: Eighty-three patients were randomly divided into Er (n = 43) and control groups (n = 40). In the Er group, the Er:YAG laser (2940 nm; AT Fidelis Fotona, Ljubljana, Slovenia) was used to irradiate the AO site directly in micro short-pulsed mode (pulse duration 0.1 ms, pulse energy 100 mJ, frequency 40 Hz, water 4, and air 2) until all debris and necrotic material had been removed, exposing fresh bone and soft tissue surfaces with blood exudation. The control group received mechanical therapy until the treated lesions resembled those in the Er group. Pain assessment was performed at baseline and on days 1-7 post-intervention using the visual analog scale (VAS). Wound healing was assessed using the wound healing index (WHI). The operating times of the two therapies were also recorded. Results: Group Er had lower VAS scores than the control group on days 1-3 (p = 0.00). There was no significant difference between the two groups on days 4-7 (p = 0.15). The WHI scores were better in the Er group than those in the control group (t = 2.65, p = 0.01), especially in terms of redness (t = 2.70, p = 0.01). There was no significant difference in the operating time between the two groups (t = 0.76, p = 0.45). Conclusions: Compared with mechanical therapy, ErLT for AO provides rapid pain relief and improved wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Han
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiqian Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Suning Hu
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
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Tandon P, Kumar Sahoo S, Mohanty L, Jain N, Hittalamani V, Shinde Kamble S, Singh R. Dry Socket Prevalence and Risk Factors in Third Molar Extractions: A Prospective Observational Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e56721. [PMID: 38646199 PMCID: PMC11032735 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Third molar extraction is a routine oral surgical procedure that is often complicated by the development of a dry socket (alveolar osteitis). This prospective observational study aimed to investigate the prevalence of dry sockets and identify associated risk factors and causes, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of the postoperative outcomes of oral surgery. Methods This study employed a prospective observational design with a 12-month follow-up period. Participants aged 18-40 years scheduled for third molar extraction were included, whereas those with coagulopathies, pregnant or lactating women, patients with vitamin deficiencies, and individuals on medications affecting healing were excluded. Data collection involved comprehensive assessments at baseline, intraoperative details, and postoperative evaluations at 48 hours, one week, and two weeks. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, t-tests, or Mann-Whitney U tests, and logistic regression for the risk factor analysis. Results A total of 238 participants with diverse demographic characteristics were enrolled in this study. The prevalence of dry sockets increased progressively from 20.6% at 48 hours to 41.2% at two weeks post-extraction. Smoking, poor oral hygiene, and surgical technique emerged as significant risk factors, with corresponding odds ratios of 6.41 (95% CI: 2.86-14.36, p < 0.001), 9.53 (95% CI: 2.12-42.84, p = 0.003), and 3.27 (95% CI: 2.08-5.15, p < 0.001), respectively. Pain intensity, measured using a Visual Analog Scale, gradually decreased from 48 hours to two weeks post-extraction. Conclusion This study provides valuable insights into the prevalence and risk factors associated with dry sockets following third molar extractions. Smoking, poor oral hygiene, and poor surgical techniques were identified as significant contributors, emphasizing the importance of preoperative counseling and targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Tandon
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saraswati Dental College & Research Centre, Lucknow, IND
| | - Sushil Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hi-Tech Dental College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Liza Mohanty
- Department of Dentistry, Government Medical College & Hospital, Sundargarh, IND
| | - Nupur Jain
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rungta College of Dental Sciences & Research, Bhilai, IND
| | - Vidya Hittalamani
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Yogita Dental College, Khed, IND
| | | | - Ramanpal Singh
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, New Horizon Dental College & Research Institute, Bilaspur, IND
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Mahmoudi A, Ghavimi MA, Maleki Dizaj S, Sharifi S, Sajjadi SS, Jamei Khosroshahi AR. Efficacy of a New Hemostatic Dental Sponge in Controlling Bleeding, Pain, and Dry Socket Following Mandibular Posterior Teeth Extraction-A Split-Mouth Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4578. [PMID: 37510692 PMCID: PMC10380399 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to clinically evaluate of a novel gelatin-based biodegradable sponge after mandibular posterior teeth extraction to assess its abilities in controlling bleeding, pain, and dry socket compared a commercial sponge. TRIAL DESIGN In this study, 26 patients who needed the extraction of two mandibular molar teeth were selected and, in each patient, after tooth extraction, the prepared gelatin sponge was used in the test group and the commercial sponge was used in the control group in the form of a randomized, double-blind, split-mouth clinical trial. The sterile gauzes were used on top of each sponge to absorb the extra blood (unabsorbed blood of sponges) to assess the blood absorption amount. Also, the amount of bleeding was recorded for 1 and 4 h after extraction for two groups. The amount of pain was measured for 12, 24, and 48 h after tooth extraction by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). All patients also returned for examination four days after extraction to assess the occurrence of dry socket. RESULTS The results showed that the average weight of absorbed blood by sterile gauze in the control group (6.32 ± 1.06 g) was higher than in test group (3.97 ± 1.1 g), e.g., the bleeding control was better for the test group (p < 0.05). Bleeding was observed to be significantly reduced in the test group within 1 h (p = 0.003), within 1-4 h (p = 0.002), and after 4 h (p = 0.042) post-operatively in comparison to the control group. The average pain decreased significantly over time in both groups and the reduction of the pain was significantly higher for the test group (p < 0.05). Just one dry socket case occurred in the control group. CONCLUSION The prepared sponge is recommended for use in dental surgeries because of its abilities in bleeding, pain, and dry socket control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Mahmoudi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51548-53431, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Ghavimi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51548-53431, Iran
| | - Solmaz Maleki Dizaj
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51548-53431, Iran
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51548-53431, Iran
| | - Simin Sharifi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51548-53431, Iran
| | - Seyyede Shabnam Sajjadi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51548-53431, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Jamei Khosroshahi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51548-53431, Iran
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Khalil W. A New Approach for Explaining and Treating Dry Sockets: A Pilot Retrospective Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e41347. [PMID: 37546073 PMCID: PMC10398614 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Dry socket, a common complication following a tooth extraction, is characterized by severe and radiating pain that typically begins one to four days after the extraction. Despite several risk factors, the exact cause and underlying mechanisms of dry sockets remain unclear. This study aims to propose a novel pathogenesis and management approach for dry sockets based on an infectious process. Methods The study was conducted by reviewing medical records, at a private dental clinic, of patients who fit the inclusion criteria; these patients appeared to have come between April 2022 and April 2023. The study included all patients with age ≥17 years diagnosed with dry socket that was resistant to conventional topical treatment, and who received treatment with ciprofloxacin 500 mg three times per day during the study period. Results Out of 15 patients who received treatment with ciprofloxacin 500 mg three times per day during the study period, 11 patients (73.3%) were completely relieved of symptoms within 24 hours, with no need for additional painkillers or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). In addition, two patients (13.3%) had a partial response after 48 hours, where their pain was ameliorated from severe to moderate with the use of conventional painkillers (including paracetamol and NSAIDs) and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as dexamethasone (8 mg IM daily) to have total relief. On the other hand, the other two patients (13.3%) had a negative response to the treatment and were out of reach for follow-up. Conclusion These clinical outcomes, coupled with previous laboratory data, could explain all clinical aspects of dry sockets and provide substantial support for the hypothesis that an infectious mechanism plays the principal role in the pathophysiology of dry sockets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Khalil
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, LBN
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Ahmedi J, Agani Z, Ademi Abdyli R, Prekazi Loxha M, Hamiti‐Krasniqi V, Rexhepi A, Stubljar D. Comparison between ozone and CHX gel application for reduction of pain and incidence of dry socket after lower third molar removal. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023; 9:75-81. [PMID: 36245293 PMCID: PMC9932237 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy between ozone gas and 1% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel in the incidence of dry socket after surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars. MATERIAL AND METHODS Overall, 30 patients of both genders were included in the study, with indication of surgical extraction of lower third molar, positioned similarly after being clinically and radiographically checked by X-ray and orthopantomography. Each patient was subjected to both groups in separate sessions: treated with ozone gas and with CHX gel 1%. Data on pain intensity, number of taken analgesics-painkillers, and dry socket were recorded for 48 h and at Day 7. RESULTS Ozone gas and CHX gel effectively reduced pain intensity and prevented dry socket. The number of taken analgesics 48 h and 7 days after surgery showed no statistical significance. The same was observed for the distribution of pain. Only one patient reported the occurrence of dry socket 7 days after the surgical extraction. CONCLUSIONS Ozone gas and CHX 1% gel are both efficient in decreasing postoperative symptoms and incidence rates of dry socket, but in comparison to each other, the use of ozone gas is showing a bit better prevention capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehona Ahmedi
- Department of Oral SurgeryUniversity of PrishtinaPrishtinaKosovo
| | - Zana Agani
- Department of Oral SurgeryUniversity of PrishtinaPrishtinaKosovo
| | | | | | | | | | - David Stubljar
- In‐medico, Department of Research and DevelopmentMetlikaSlovenia
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Deng X, Wang D, Zhang D, Sun M, Zhou L, Wang Y, Kong X, Yuan C, Zhou Q. Antibacterial quaternary ammonium chitosan/carboxymethyl starch/alginate sponges with enhanced hemostatic property for the prevention of dry socket. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:1083763. [PMID: 36704303 PMCID: PMC9872193 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1083763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth extraction commonly leads to postoperative wound bleeding, bacterial infection, and even the occurrence of dry socket. Therefore, developing a biomedical material with favorable antibacterial and excellent hemostatic properties to prevent the post-extraction dry socket is necessary. Herein, quaternary ammonium chitosan/ carboxymethyl starch/alginate (ACQ) sponges are developed via Ca2+ cross-linking, electrostatic interaction, and lyophilization methods. The results show that the bio-multifunctional sponges exhibit interconnected porous structures with significant fluid absorption rates and suitable water vapor transmission rates. In vitro cellular and hemolysis experiments indicate that the developed sponges have acceptable biocompatibility. Notably, the constructed sponges effectively inhibit the growth of E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans, as well as achieve rapid hemostasis in the mouse liver injury and mini-pig tooth extraction models by absorbing blood and promoting red blood cell adhesion. Thus, the created bio-multifunctional sponges show tremendous promise as a hemostatic material for wound management after tooth extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Deng
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Danyang Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongjie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ming Sun
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Liying Zhou
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaowen Kong
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Changqing Yuan
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,Dental Biomaterials Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong, China,*Correspondence: Changqing Yuan, ; Qihui Zhou,
| | - Qihui Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China,Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China,*Correspondence: Changqing Yuan, ; Qihui Zhou,
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Harfouch M. Comparative Clinical Study Between Chlorhexidine Gel (0.2%) and Hyaluronic Gel (1%) in the Prevention of a Dry Socket After Tooth Extraction for Orthodontic Treatment. Cureus 2022; 14:e32391. [PMID: 36636542 PMCID: PMC9831615 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Several articles have investigated the intra-alveolar applications of bioadhesive gels containing various medicines and active chemicals, such as chlorhexidine (CHX) and hyaluronic acid (HA) to minimize the numerous postoperative sequelae, such as a dry socket. The purpose of this study was to investigate the postoperative outcomes of intra-alveolar application of 0.2% chlorhexidine or hyaluronic acid following atraumatic extraction. Methods A randomized clinical trial was conducted on a sample of 36 patients who need extraction of lower first premolar for orthodontic treatment. The patients were assigned randomly into two groups: CHX group and HA group. The signs and symptoms of the dry socket were evaluated on the third day in two groups. Results There was no statistically significant difference between the study and control groups when comparing the CHX group (P=0.2.6). In contrast, a significant difference was seen between the study and control sides in the HA group. Conclusions Within the limitation of this clinical trial, using hyaluronic gel with a gelatin sponge may be a preventive strategy for a dry socket following tooth extraction. After non-surgical tooth extraction, the topical administration of CHX with a gelatin sponge as a carrier did not seem to act as a protective substance against a dry socket.
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Assari AS, Alrafie HS, Al Ghashim AH, Talic FN, Alahmari AM, Al Manea MY, Alrashdan RY. Effectiveness of different socket dressing materials on the postoperative pain following tooth extraction: a randomized control trial. J Med Life 2022; 15:1005-1012. [PMID: 36188642 PMCID: PMC9514811 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2022-0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to prospectively evaluate and compare the effectiveness of Alvogyl and Cutanplast as intra-alveolar dressings for managing pain associated with extraction and incidence of dry socket. All patients who underwent maxillary and mandibular teeth extraction and fulfilled our inclusion and exclusion criteria from Feb 2021 to Oct 2021 were included in our study. Patients who were diagnosed with postoperative pain after tooth extraction were randomly allocated to three groups: Group A (Alvogyl), Group B (Cutanplast), and Group C (placebo). Pain relief and healing of the socket were compared between these groups. The collected data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and Z test of proportionality. Alvogyl was superior to the other medication for providing initial pain relief, and the incidence of dry socket was significantly lower than in the Cutanplast and placebo groups (p<0.05). However, wound healing was statistically non-significant among groups A, B, and C (p>0.05). Alvogyl is still the material of choice in terms of pain relief, wound healing, and low incidence of dry socket. Furthermore, no statistically significant difference was detected between the groups in the biographic information, location, and condition of the extracted tooth, presence of a radiologic pathology, or type of extraction procedure. Moreover, whether it is the first extraction or not, Alvogyl and Cutanpast are comparable in postoperative pain management as intra-alveolar dressing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Salem Assari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Corresponding Author: Ahmad Salem Assari, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
| | - Hamad Saud Alrafie
- Riyadh Third Health Cluster, Saudi Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Kuśnierek W, Brzezińska K, Nijakowski K, Surdacka A. Smoking as a Risk Factor for Dry Socket: A Systematic Review. Dent J (Basel) 2022; 10:121. [PMID: 35877395 PMCID: PMC9317683 DOI: 10.3390/dj10070121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dry socket is one of the postoperative complications of tooth extraction. It is the partial or total loss of the post-extraction blood clot, resulting in severe pain that usually starts one to five days postoperatively, with clinical evidence of exposed alveolar bone, necrotic debris, halitosis, and tenderness on examination. The purpose of our systematic review was to answer the question "Is there a relationship between smoking and dry socket?". After meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria, eleven studies were included in this systematic review (according to the PRISMA statement guidelines). Based on a meta-analysis, tobacco smokers had a more than three-fold increase in the odds of dry socket after tooth extraction. Overall, the combined incidence of dry socket in smokers was found to be about 13.2% and in non-smokers about 3.8%. Despite the heterogeneity of the included studies (different types of teeth extracted, different age groups), cigarette smoking was related to an increased risk of dry socket after tooth extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Kuśnierek
- Student’s Scientific Group in Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland; (W.K.); (K.B.)
| | - Kaja Brzezińska
- Student’s Scientific Group in Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland; (W.K.); (K.B.)
| | - Kacper Nijakowski
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Surdacka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
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Gazal G, Al-Samadani KH, Alsaidalani HM, Karbouji GA, Alharbi AM. A Comparison of Pre-Emptive Co-Amoxiclav, Postoperative Amoxicillin, and Metronidazole for Prevention of Postoperative Complications in Dentoalveolar Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:4178. [PMID: 35409861 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the effectiveness of different oral antibiotics for prevention of dry socket and infection in adults following the surgical extraction of teeth under LA. Methods: This randomized controlled study was conducted from 10 September 2020 until 10 May 2021. Forty-six patients were randomly allocated to three groups. Sixteen patients were in the postoperative co-amoxiclav (625 mg) group, fifteen in the preoperative co-amoxiclav (625 mg) plus postoperative metronidazole (500 mg) group and fifteen in the preoperative co-amoxiclav (625 mg) plus postoperative amoxicillin (500 mg) group. Evaluation of the postoperative signs of alveolar osteitis and infection was made by a dental surgeon five days postoperatively. Evaluation of the post-surgical extraction pain was made by patients immediately and five days postoperatively on standard 100 mm visual analogue scales (VAS). Furthermore, difficulty of surgery was recorded for all patients immediately postoperatively using (VAS). Results: all antibiotics used in this study were effective. Only 15% of patients had painful alveolar osteitis and 2% had oral infections. There was no significant decrease in the number of patients with severe alveolar osteitis or infection for co-amoxiclav plus metronidazole and co-amoxiclav plus amoxicillin groups compared to co-amoxiclav group at 5 days post-operation (p-values: 0.715, 0.819 & 0.309). Clinically, metronidazole was more effective in protecting the extracted tooth socket from alveolar osteitis compared to co-amoxiclav and amoxicillin. Moreover, there were significant decreases in mean pain scores at 5 days post-operation compared with the levels of pain immediately after surgery (p-value: 0.001). Conclusions: Administration of a single preoperative dose of co-amoxiclav with a full postoperative dose of amoxicillin or metronidazole was more effective than conventional treatment with postoperative co-amoxilcalv in reducing the incidence of both alveolar osteitis and infection after surgical extractions. However, these differences were not statistically significant. Interestingly, patients in metronidazole group had the lowest incidence of dry socket.
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11
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Semkin VA, Gurin AN, Vitrenko DV, Levchenko DD. [Prevention of inflammatory complications after surgical extraction of mandibular third molars]. Stomatologiia (Mosk) 2022; 101:38-43. [PMID: 35640178 DOI: 10.17116/stomat202210103138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory complications are the most prevalent problems after surgical extraction of mandibular third molars. The main options for prevention are prophylactic antibiotics usage before surgery or in the postoperative period; a method of postoperative management of a tooth socket, implying healing by primary or secondary closure. Each of the postoperative management types has advantages and disadvantages. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to compare complete suturing versus iodoform gauze packing of tooth socket for prevention of inflammatory complications after mandibular third molar removal. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective cohort study was performed. The medical records of 273 patients who underwent mandibular third molar extraction for orthodontic indications were analyzed. Data of 100 patients were included, in 50 cases the postoperative management was carried out using iodoform packing, in other 50 cases complete suturing was performed. Depending on the type of data and distribution, we used the chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test. A p<0.05 was needed to achieve statistical significance. RESULTS Alveolitis developed in 8 % cases of iodoform gauze packing and 34% cases of suturing. The differences are statistically significant (p=0.003). The total rehabilitation period (days) in patients with no alveolitis using iodoform gauze packing was 8 (7; 31) (Me (Q1; Q3)), using complete socket suturing was 7 (7; 8) (Me (Q1; Q3)), the differences are statistically significant (p=0.003). CONCLUSION The best option for the prophylaxis of alveolitis after surgical extraction of mandibular third molar is secondary closure using iodoform gauze packing. However, in the cases with no alveolitis when complete suturing was performed, healing occurred much faster, which justifies the development of an alternative method for third molar socket healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Semkin
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - A N Gurin
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - D V Vitrenko
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - D D Levchenko
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
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12
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Ghosh A, Aggarwal VR, Moore R. Aetiology, Prevention and Management of Alveolar Osteitis-A Scoping Review. J Oral Rehabil 2021; 49:103-113. [PMID: 34625985 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alveolar osteitis (AO) is a poorly understood, common, painful complication following exodontia. It is sometimes managed by inappropriate prescription of antibiotics which contributes to the global threat of antimicrobial resistance. Use of intra-alveolar chlorhexidine also presents a serious risk of anaphylaxis to the patient. OBJECTIVE This scoping review aims to investigate the aetiology, prevention and management of AO and highlight the extent of inappropriate prescribing and intra-alveolar chlorhexidine use. DESIGN A scoping review was undertaken using the PRISMA guidelines. Medline, Ovid and Pubmed were searched between 2010 and 2020, from which 63 studies were selected for review that related to the aetiology, prevention or management of AO. Data were analysed for frequency of studies reporting information on risk factors for aetiology, prevention strategies and management including inappropriate management using antibiotic prescribing and intra-alveolar chlorhexidine. RESULTS Impaired immune response, surgical technique and age were identified as significant factors in the development of AO, while there is conflicting evidence regarding the effects of smoking and gender. With regard to prevention, the use of prophylactic antibiotics is not supported within the literature. Saline irrigation and eugenol pastes used preventively have been shown to be cheap and effective alternatives to chlorhexidine with no adverse effects. Hyaluronic acid and low-level laser therapies showed a significant reduction in pain and soft-tissue inflammation in the management of AO compared to Alveogyl. CONCLUSIONS Further understanding of the pathophysiology of AO is needed, in addition to large high-quality RCTs or long-term observational studies into the aetiology, prevention, and management of AO to produce up-to-date evidence-based clinical guidelines. Clinicians should also be mindful of their contribution to growing antimicrobial resistance and avoid inappropriate prescribing of antibiotics. Saline should replace chlorhexidine as the intra-alveolar irrigant of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ghosh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Vishal R Aggarwal
- Department of Academic Oral Surgery & Oral Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Richard Moore
- Lecturer in Oral Surgery, Department of Academic Oral Surgery & Oral Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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Alenazi A, Aleidan A, Alotheem M, Alqahtani R. Knowledge and Awareness of Postextraction Complications among Dental Seniors and Interns in Riyadh Province. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2021; 13:S602-S607. [PMID: 34447162 PMCID: PMC8375916 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_721_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Postextraction complications are multifactorial. Taking proper medical and dental history, thorough planning, and a skillful dentist can help the prediction and reduction of these complications. Objective This study aims to assess and compare the knowledge of senior students and interns regarding postextraction complications in government and private colleges in Riyadh Province. Materials and Methods A random sampling technique was used to select a minimum of 250 participants for this study. A self-designed, close-ended questionnaire was disseminated through an online platform in a manner. Sixth-year (senior) dental students and interns were included in the study. Data were coded and entered into spreadsheet software and analyzed using Chi-square tests. Results More than half were dental interns (54.04%), and the rest were senior students (45.96%). Male participants comprised 52.57% of the total participants, whereas females were 47.43%. Most participants were from government colleges (53.31%), whereas 46.69% belonged to private colleges. Male interns from government colleges demonstrated the best knowledge among all the participants. In private colleges, females demonstrated better knowledge than males in both the senior and intern groups, and the difference was statistically significant. The difference in knowledge between participants from government and private colleges was found to be statistically significant (P = 0.001). Government colleges were found to demonstrate more complications than private colleges, and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.003). Conclusion Male interns from government colleges had the best knowledge about the postextraction complications among the candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Alenazi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammed Alotheem
- Dental Intern, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rakan Alqahtani
- Dental Intern, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Øyri H, Jensen JL, Barkvoll P, Jonsdottir OH, Reseland J, Bjørnland T. Incidence of alveolar osteitis after mandibular third molar surgery. Can inflammatory cytokines be identified locally? Acta Odontol Scand 2021; 79:205-211. [PMID: 32898447 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2020.1817546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of the present study were to evaluate the relative incidence of alveolar osteitis (AO) after mandibular third molar surgery, post-operative findings and local expression of bone markers and cytokines. STUDY DESIGN In 445 patients, unilateral surgical third molars extractions were undertaken (584 teeth). Bone markers and cytokines were explored at the AO side and on the un-operated contralateral side and compared with the levels in samples from a control group of 18 persons without AO. RESULTS The relative incidence of AO was 4.6%. Patients (n = 27) with AO were invited to participate in the study and 21 (77.8%) did so. Patients with AO had 1-4 extra visits for treatment of AO, the mean follow-up time was 2.6 days for all patients. There were significantly higher levels of bone markers and cytokines in the AO site compared with the un-operated contralateral site, except for Epidermal growth factor (EGF). No significant difference in expression of bone markers and cytokines between the AO and control groups was found. Lower maximum inter-incisor opening (MIO) was correlated with increased Macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha. A negative correlation between patients' complaint of trismus and MIO was seen. CONCLUSIONS The relative incidence of AO was low in our patient group treated with surgical removal of third molars. AO was more frequently seen in female patients. Treatment of AO required up to four extra visits. The study provides some information on the role of cytokines in AO; but further studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hauk Øyri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Janicke L. Jensen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Barkvoll
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olga H. Jonsdottir
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Janne Reseland
- Clinical Oral Research Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tore Bjørnland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Keshini MP, Shetty SK, Sundar S, Chandan SN, Manjula S. Assessment of Healing Using Alvogyl and Platelet Rich Fibrin in Patients with Dry Socket - An Evaluative Study. Ann Maxillofac Surg 2020; 10:320-324. [PMID: 33708574 PMCID: PMC7944002 DOI: 10.4103/ams.ams_259_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Dry socket is one of the most common postoperative complications following the extraction of permanent teeth, which is characterized by pain and exposed bone. The usual protocol followed for its management is irrigation of the socket and packing of the socket with medicated gel or paste to provide relatively faster pain relief and allow normal wound healing. In this study, we evaluated the outcome of management of dry socket with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and intraalveolar alvogyl dressing, in terms of improvement in pain and socket epithelialization after the treatment. Methodology: Thirty participants with established dry socket were randomly divided into two groups: Group A and Group B. The participants in Group A were treated with alvogyl and those in Group B were treated with PRF. Clinical parameters were assessed for both groups on the 1st day of the procedure and on the 3rd and 10th-day postoperatively for the reduction in pain and wound healing. Results: There was a significant decrease in pain and the number of socket wall exposure in both the groups by the 3rd postoperative day. In both the groups, the pain had completely resolved and socket fully epithelialized by the 10th postoperative day. Discussion: The use of PRF in the present study yielded promising results in terms of both pain reduction and improved wound healing which was comparable to the conventional alvogyl dressing. It may be concluded that PRF is an effective modality for the management of dry socket.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Keshini
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sahith Kumar Shetty
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Shyam Sundar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - S N Chandan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - S Manjula
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, Karnataka, India
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Sharma A, Aggarwal N, Rastogi S, Choudhury R, Tripathi S. Effectiveness of platelet-rich fibrin in the management of pain and delayed wound healing associated with established alveolar osteitis ( dry socket). Eur J Dent 2019; 11:508-513. [PMID: 29279679 PMCID: PMC5727738 DOI: 10.4103/ejd.ejd_346_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To assess the efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the pain and healing of the extraction socket related with established alveolar osteitis (dry socket, AO) after the removal of maxillary and mandibular molars. Materials and Methods: One hundred consecutive adult patients with age group ranging from 18 to 40 years along with established dry socket after maxillary and mandibular molar extractions who have not received any treatment for the same were included in this single-arm clinical trial. PRF was placed in the maxillary and mandibular molar extraction sockets after adequate irrigation of the socket. All the patients evaluated for the various study variables which include pain, degree of inflammation, and healthy granulation tissue formation (wound healing) at the 1st, 3rd, 7th, and 14th post-PRF placement day in the alveolar socket. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk's test, Chi-square test and/or Student's t-test, Friedman's test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and Bonferroni test, with the significance level set at P < 0.05. Results: There was significant reduction in pain associated with AO at the 3rd and 7th post-PRF placement day in the extraction socket along with mark decrease in the degree of inflammation at the 3rd post-PRF placement day, and there was better wound healing by the end of the 2nd week. Conclusion: The use of PRF in this clinical trial illustrates the promising results in terms of reduced pain and better healing in the patients with sustained AO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Sharma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Center, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nimish Aggarwal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Center, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjay Rastogi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Center, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rupshikha Choudhury
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Regional Dental College, Assam, India
| | - Siddhi Tripathi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Center, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Abstract
The aim of the study was to estimate efficiency Holisal in treatment of the alveolar osteitis. 30 patients with the diagnosis of alveolar osteitis with clinics of dry socket, aged from 25 to 69 years entered a research. Patients were divided into 2 groups: in the 1st group (n=15) patients received treatment by a standard technique with the use of the iodoform gauze. In the 2nd group patients (n=15) after preliminary training used Holisal 4 times a day applying it in the socket. In both groups dynamics of clinical indicators, complaints, biochemical indicators on the 3, 5 and 10 day after the beginning of treatment were estimated. The use of Holisal for treatment of the alveolar osteitis presenting as a dry socket is effective and has advantages in comparison with a conventional technique of alveolar osteitis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Zorina
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - N B Petrukhina
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - O A Boriskina
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural products have been used for several years in folk medicine. Honey was used to treat infected wounds as long ago as 2000 years before bacteria was discovered to be the cause of infection. It has been reported from various clinical studies on the usage of honey as a dressing for infected wounds that the wound become sterile in 3-6 days. AIM This study aimed to find out the efficiency of naturally occurring honey in alveolar osteitis. METHODOLOGY Fifty patients of dry socket were selected from the outpatient department of oral and maxillofacial surgery. A diagnosis of dry socket was made clinically. Honey was used as a dry socket dressing in all these patients. Parameters such as mucosal edges, pain, and formation of granulation tissue were assessed in the postoperative period for a week. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED Analysis was done by paired t-test method using SPSS software version 17. RESULTS In this study, there was a significant reduction in inflammation, hyperemia, and mucosal edges that resulted in the reduction of pain and discomfort to the patient. There was no side effect of honey observed in our study, so it can be used as an alternative for the management of dry socket. Change in distance between mucosal edges when compared from the day of clinical presentation to 5th day postplacement was statistically significant (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS There are no side effects of honey. Excess use of eugenol can lead to necrosis of bone. Thus, honey can be used as a medicament for the management of dry socket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arsalan Ansari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ternal Dental College, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjay Joshi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ternal Dental College, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aarti Garad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ternal Dental College, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bhupendra Mhatre
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ternal Dental College, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Saching Bagade
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ternal Dental College, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rushika Jain
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ternal Dental College, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Supe NB, Choudhary SH, Yamyar SM, Patil KS, Choudhary AK, Kadam VD. Efficacy of Alvogyl (Combination of Iodoform + Butylparaminobenzoate) and Zinc Oxide Eugenol for Dry Socket. Ann Maxillofac Surg 2018; 8:193-199. [PMID: 30693231 PMCID: PMC6327816 DOI: 10.4103/ams.ams_167_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Alveolar osteitis (AO) (dry socket) is a postoperative healing complication after tooth extraction. Pain is considered the most important symptom of dry socket which can vary in frequency and intensity. Aim The aim of the present study was to evaluate the management of AO with alvogyl and zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE). Study Design This study was designed as a single-blinded prospective study with a sample size of fifty patients included in the study after obtaining the informed consent. Materials and Methods All the fifty patients with dry socket were randomly selected and divided into two groups as follows: (1) Group I: Patients who received alvogyl paste as an intrasocket medication and (2) Group II: Patients who received ZOE as an obtundant dressing. Statistical Analysis Used Data were analyzed using t-test and Chi-square test. Results The mean number of dressings required was less in Group I as compared to Group II, and thus Group I showed faster healing. In addition, the intensity of pain decreased more rapidly in Group I as compared to Group II. The mean time required for complete pain relief was less in Group I as compared to Group II, and thus Group I showed faster relief from pain. Conclusion Alvogyl is better for the management of dry socket by virtue of shorter time required for complete pain relief, fewer visits for dressing change, and faster clinical healing of the socket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra B Supe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, C.S.M.S.S. Dental College and Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sneha H Choudhary
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sheetal M Yamyar
- Department of Orthodontics, C.S.M.S.S. Dental College and Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kuldeep S Patil
- Department of Periodontics, Dr. HSRSM Dental College and Hospital, Hingoli, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amit Kumar Choudhary
- Department of Anaesthesia, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vishwas D Kadam
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, C.S.M.S.S. Dental College and Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
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20
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Lone PA, Ahmed SW, Prasad V, Ahmed B. Role of turmeric in management of alveolar osteitis ( dry socket): A randomised clinical study. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2018; 8:44-7. [PMID: 29556463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants & their extracts have immense potential for the management or treatment of the wounds. The pyhto medicines for the wound healing are not only cheap & affordable but are purportedly safe as hypersensitivity reactions are rarely encountered with the use of these agents, these natural agents induce healing & regeneration of the lost tissue by multiple mechanisms Turmeric commonly is called as Haldi in Hindi. C Longa has been reported to possess anti bacterial, anti fungal & anti inflammatory activities. Turmeric is known as traditional herb to Asia & India also called as curcuma longa, with maximum healing properties & other great uses. It is widely used in India & China for traditional Chinese medicine. This act as anti inflammatory agent to treat different kind of diseases & health problems. Aims & objectives The aim of this study was to study the therapeutic, healing benefits of turmeric, an herb commonly used in Asia. Material & methods The study was conducted in department of oral & maxillofacial surgery of Indira Gandhi government dental college jammu.178 patients were selected from the outpatient department of oral & maxillofacial surgery. The diagnosis of dry socket was made clinically. Turmeric dressing with mustard oil was given in group A & in group B ZOE dressing was given. Results In this study there was significant reduction in pain, inflammation & discomfort after turmeric and ZOE dressing. Wound healing was seen faster, than dressing with ZOE. There is no side effect of Turmeric. Statistical analysis was done p < 0.05, was found statistically significant.
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Zhou J, Hu B, Liu Y, Yang Z, Song J. The efficacy of intra-alveolar 0.2% chlorhexidine gel on alveolar osteitis: a meta-analysis. Oral Dis 2016; 23:598-608. [PMID: 27479137 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this meta-analysis was to assess the effect of 0.2% chlorhexidine gel in preventing alveolar osteitis following mandibular third molar extraction(s). METHODS PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct and the references of identified articles were searched for relevant studies that met our eligibility criteria. Treatment effects were combined by meta-analysis using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 12.0 software. RESULTS We included 11 trials in this meta-analysis. Compared to the control, 0.2% chlorhexidine gel reduced the risk of alveolar osteitis by 62% (RR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.28-0.53, P < 0.00001) following mandibular third molar extraction(s). The subgroup analysis results indicated that 0.2% chlorhexidine gel reduced the risk of alveolar osteitis after mandibular third molar extraction(s) by 75% (RR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.11-0.58) and 56% (RR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.30-0.63) compared to no treatment and placebo, respectively. However, the occurrence of alveolar osteitis following mandibular third molar extraction(s) was not significantly different between 0.2% chlorhexidine gel and 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwash (RR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.06-1.00). CONCLUSION The results showed that 0.2% chlorhexidine gel was effective in preventing alveolar osteitis after lower third molar extraction(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhou
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - B Hu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Y Liu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Z Yang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - J Song
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Abstract
Introduction: Alveolar osteitis (AO) is a complication of tooth extraction which indicates inflammation of alveolar bone of either maxilla or mandible. This study uses Apitherapy where honey catalyses biological reactions to improve immune system, makes local environment unbearable for microorganisms in the affected socket and enhances healing. Materials and Methods: 50 patients of AO were included in the study. After cleansing of the affected socket, honey dressing was applied. Dressings were changed daily for first 2 days and then altenatively. In biochemical investigations, CRP levels in the body were measured using Nephelometry method. Microbiological examination was done for the identification of microorganism and semi quantitative count of colony forming units. Result: Results were assessed from clinical, microbiological, biochemical and radiological findings at 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 7th day based on VAS score, erythema, pus discharge, swelling, lymphadenitis, fever, bleeding on probing, exposed bone and necrotic debris. Pre-Treatment CRP was 2.08 ± 1.62 which significantly (P = 0.0001) decreased to 0.82 ± 0.48. Mean change and average percentage change were 1.25 ± 1.51 and 44.1% respectively. Conclusion: Majority of the patients with exposed bone got healed socket with evidance of granulation tissue and healing gingiva in about one week. CRP levels at the completion of treatment of AO with honey dressing showed a significant decrease from the pre-treatment values indicating fast recovery. Microbiological examination showed presence of normal commensal flora at AO sites like Streptococcus, Staphyloccocus and Enterococcus. So, the role of bacteria in the genesis of AO, if any, appears unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Soni
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vibha Singh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shadab Mohammad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R K Singh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - U S Pal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ranjana Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jyatasana Aggrwal
- Department of Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mahesh Pal
- Department of Phytochemistry, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Xu JL, Sun L, Liu C, Sun ZH, Min X, Xia R. Effect of oral contraceptive use on the incidence of dry socket in females following impacted mandibular third molar extraction: a meta-analysis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 44:1160-5. [PMID: 26116066 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this comprehensive meta-analysis was to provide evidence-based data to test whether oral contraceptive (OC) use can promote the incidence of dry socket (DS) in females following impacted mandibular third molar extraction. PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Elsevier Science Direct databases were searched. The pooled risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using fixed-effects or random-effects model analysis. Heterogeneity among studies was evaluated with the Cochran test and I(2) statistic. Study quality was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Of 70 articles identified in the search, 12 reporting 16 clinical controlled trials were included in this study. The incidence of DS was significantly greater in the OC groups than in the control groups (RR 1.80, 95% CI 1.33-2.43). Subgroup analyses showed that the unit assessed (tooth or patient), the region in which the study was conducted, and the intervention were not related to the incidence of DS in females taking OC after impacted mandibular third molar extraction. The sensitivity analysis showed no significant change when any one study was excluded. Publication bias was also not detected. This study suggests that OC use may promote the incidence of DS in females following impacted mandibular third molar extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-L Xu
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - L Sun
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - C Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Z-H Sun
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - X Min
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Department of Stomatology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - R Xia
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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