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Saleem M, Ali H, Bilal M, Atta BM, Ahmad N. Quality Analysis of Canola and Mustard Oil Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy. J Fluoresc 2023; 33:1695-1704. [PMID: 36811695 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03185-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The potential of Fluorescence spectroscopy has been utilized for the quality analysis of canola and mustard oil along with the effect of heating on their molecular composition has been investigated. Laser diode at 405 nm has been employed directly to oil surface to excite both oil type samples and their emission spectra has been recorded by an in-house developed Fluorosensor. The emission spectra of both oil types unveiled that they contain carotenoids, isomers of vitamin E and chlorophylls that exhibit their fluorescence at 525 and 675/720 nm, and these can be used as markers for their quality assurance. Fluorescence spectroscopy is a fast, reliable and non-destructive analytical technique for the quality assessment of both oil types. Moreover, the effect of temperature on their molecular composition has been investigated by heating them at 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 170, 180 and 200 °C, each sample for 30 min which was done because both oils are used for cooking and frying. On heating, the deterioration of carotenoids and isomers of vitamin E in both oil types occurred with an increase in the oxidised products. However, it was found that up to 150 °C, both oil types can be used safely for cooking/frying purpose where they do not lose much of their valuable ingredients and up to 180 °C for deep frying, both oils can be used with less deterioration and after that both deteriorated much due to rapid increase of the oxidized products. The portable Fluorosensor, therefore, proved as an excellent device for quality screening of edible oils based on carotenoids and vitamin E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saleem
- National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan.
| | - Hina Ali
- National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan
| | - M Bilal
- National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan
| | - Babar M Atta
- National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Physics, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
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Sudhakar A, Chakraborty SK, Kate A. Understanding the variations in dielectric properties of mustard ( Brassica nigra L.) and argemone ( Argemone mexicana) oil blends at different temperatures. J Food Sci Technol 2023; 60:643-653. [PMID: 36712207 PMCID: PMC9873895 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-022-05649-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Mustard oil is the most commonly adulterated edible oil, invariably with argemone oil. This study was aimed to develop a parallel plate capacitive sensor for measurement of dielectric properties of pure mustard oil, pure argemone oil and their blends (25, 50 and 75%) at five levels of varying temperature (10 to 50 °C). The effect of blend ratio and temperature on the selected dielectric properties of oil-capacitance (C), dielectric loss tangent (tanδ), dielectric constant ( ε ' ), dielectric loss factor ( ε ″ ) and electrical conductivity (σ) were investigated. It was observed that composition of the individual oils in terms of moisture and fatty acids influenced the physical and dielectric properties. The sensor was used to relate the dielectric properties of oil samples with blend ratio and temperature by means of statistically significant (p < 0.05) and robust (R 2 > 0.8) multiple linear regression model. The effect of temperature on C and ε ' was negative, while it was otherwise for tanδ, ε ″ and σ. Increase in argemone oil content in the blends, increased the dielectric measures due to the associated changes in the physical and chemical properties. The capacitive sensor could distinctly identify mustard oil, argemone oil and its blends on the basis of dielectric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Sudhakar
- Agro-Produce and Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Beraisa Road, Nabibagh, Bhopal, 462038 India
| | - Subir Kumar Chakraborty
- Agro-Produce and Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Beraisa Road, Nabibagh, Bhopal, 462038 India
| | - Adinath Kate
- Agro-Produce and Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Beraisa Road, Nabibagh, Bhopal, 462038 India
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Nakamura A, Ishii C, Yoshinaga K, Kuda T, Takahashi H. Growth Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes in Fresh White Cheese by Mustard Oil Microemulsion. J Food Prot 2022; 85:1404-1409. [PMID: 35749697 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-22-115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Although essential oils exhibit antimicrobial properties, their application is limited, owing to their strong volatility and poor water solubility. Emulsification is a valid strategy for improving chemical stability. In this study, we prepared a mustard oil (MO) emulsion with egg yolk lecithin and evaluated its antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes in vitro and in cheese curd. The particle size of the MO emulsion was approximately 0.19 μm and remained stable for 30 days of storage. The MO emulsion showed strong antimicrobial activity against L. monocytogenes in vitro. Moreover, 40 ppm of MO was sufficient to inhibit the growth of L. monocytogenes in culture, and the addition of 160 ppm of MO decreased the population of L. monocytogenes. When 50 ppm of emulsified MO was added to milk during cheese curd production and it was stored at 10°C for 10 days, the growth of L. monocytogenes was suppressed. When the cheese curd with MO emulsion was stored at 4°C, the bacterial count was significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and no bacterial growth was observed after 14 days of storage. Furthermore, the sensory characteristics of cheese curd with the MO emulsion were acceptable. These results indicate MO emulsions may be useful in controlling the growth of L. monocytogenes in fresh cheese. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Nakamura
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Chie Ishii
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Yoshinaga
- Department of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima, 960-1248, Japan
| | - Takashi Kuda
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Hajime Takahashi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
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Jeong I, Yun S, Shahapal A, Cho EB, Hwang SW, Seong JY, Park HC. FAM19A5l Affects Mustard Oil-Induced Peripheral Nociception in Zebrafish. Mol Neurobiol 2021. [PMID: 34176096 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02449-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Family with sequence similarity 19 (chemokine (C-C motif)-like) member A5 (FAM19A5) is a chemokine-like secretory protein recently identified as involved in the regulation of osteoclast formation, post-injury neointima formation, and depression. Although roles for FAM19A5 have been described in nervous system development and psychiatric disorders, its role in the nervous system remains poorly understood. Here, we analyzed the evolutionary history of FAM19A genes in vertebrates and identified FAM19A5l, a paralogous zebrafish gene originating from a common ancestral FAM19A5 gene. Further, zebrafish FAM19A5l is expressed in trigeminal and dorsal root ganglion neurons as well as distinct neuronal subsets of the central nervous system. Interestingly, FAM19A5l+ trigeminal neurons are nociceptive neurons that localized with TRPA1b and TRPV1 and respond to mustard oil treatment. Behavioral analysis further revealed that the nociceptive response to mustard oil decreases in FAM19A5l-knockout zebrafish larvae. In addition, TRPA1b and NGFa mRNA levels are down- and upregulated in FAM19A5l-knockout and -overexpressing transgenic zebrafish, respectively. Together, our data suggest that FAM19A5l plays a role in nociceptive responses to mustard oil by regulating TRPA1b and NGFa expression in zebrafish.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the association between predominant vegetable oil consumed and BMI of adult women and men in India, with emphasis on predominant consumption of mustard oil. DESIGN Two nationally representative data, the consumer expenditure survey of National Sample Survey Office (NSSO)-68th round (2011-2012) for food consumption and National Family Health Survey-4 (2015-2016) for weight status, were analysed. Data from both surveys were combined by matching households through common matching variables ('family size', 'religion', etc.) using Nearest-Neighbour Hot-Deck matching. The association of overweight/obesity with predominant mustard oil consumption in the household was examined using logistic regression adjusted for confounders. The NSSO reports household consumption of mustard, groundnut, coconut, refined oils (sunflower, safflower, soyabean) and all other edible oils. SETTING Two nationally representative surveys from India. PARTICIPANTS Total of 638 445 women and 92 312 men, respectively. RESULTS Mustard oil was the most predominantly consumed oil (51 %) followed by refined oils (32·4 %). Prevalence of overweight/obesity in women and men was lower in households with predominant mustard oil consumption (17 and 15 %) v. all other refined and other oils combined (27 and 26 %). The adjusted OR for predominant mustard oil use was 0·88 (95 % CI 0·86, 0·87) for women and 0·80 (95 % CI 0·76, 0·83) for men. A similar analysis with predominant groundnut oil consumption showed no association with overweight/obesity. CONCLUSIONS The data from a large national level survey suggest an inverse association between mustard oil consumption and overweight/obesity which needs to be explored with further research studies.
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Nishad J, Dutta A, Saha S, Rudra SG, Varghese E, Sharma RR, Tomar M, Kumar M, Kaur C. Ultrasound-assisted development of stable grapefruit peel polyphenolic nano-emulsion: Optimization and application in improving oxidative stability of mustard oil. Food Chem 2020; 334:127561. [PMID: 32711272 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) peel (GP) is rich in flavonoids and phenolics which have several proven pharmacological effects. However, their chemical instability towards oxygen, light and heat limits its applications in food industries. In the present study, we evaluated the feasibility of fabricating grapefruit-peel-phenolic (GPP) nano-emulsion in mustard oil using ultrasonication. Response surface methodology (RSM) optimization revealed that sonication time of 9.5 min at 30% amplitude and 0.52% Span-80 produced the stable GPP nano-emulsion with a droplet size of 29.73 ± 1.62 nm. Results indicate that both ultrasonication and Span-80 can assist the fabrication of a stabilized nano-emulsion. This study is one of its kind where nano-encapsulation of GPP into W/O emulsion was done to stabilize the active compound inside mustard oil and then the nano-emulsion was used to extend oxidative stability of mustard oil. Findings provide a basic guideline to formulate stable nano-emulsions for their use in active food packaging, oils, and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Nishad
- Division of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Anirban Dutta
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Supradip Saha
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Shalini G Rudra
- Division of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Eldho Varghese
- ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam, Kochi 682 018, India
| | - R R Sharma
- Division of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Maharishi Tomar
- ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi 284003, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Charanjit Kaur
- Division of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India.
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Summers A, Visscher MO, Khatry SK, Sherchand JB, LeClerq SC, Katz J, Tielsch JM, Mullany LC. Impact of sunflower seed oil versus mustard seed oil on skin barrier function in newborns: a community-based, cluster-randomized trial. BMC Pediatr 2019; 19:512. [PMID: 31870338 PMCID: PMC6927111 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-019-1871-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Natural vegetable oils are widely used for newborn massage in many low resource settings. Animal models indicated that sunflower seed oil (SSO) can accelerate skin barrier recovery following damage, while other oils, including mustard oil (MO), may cause further skin barrier damage. The objective was to compare the effects of two SSO and MO used for routine massage on skin integrity in premature and full-term neonates. Methods This community-based cluster randomized controlled trial included 995 neonates assigned to full body massage with sunflower seed oil (SSO, intervention) or mustard seed oil (MO, standard practice) from July 2012–May 2014 in Sarlahi, Nepal. Skin integrity measures were evaluated over 28 days, including skin condition (erythema, rash, dryness), skin surface pH, stratum corneum (SC) cohesion/protein concentration, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Overall means and rates of change in these skin measures were compared between oil groups using bivariate random-effects models. Results 500 and 495 live born neonates received repeated massage with MO and SSO, respectively. Skin pH decreased more quickly for SSO than MO in the first week of life, with a difference in mean daily reductions of 0.02 (95% CI: 0.002–0.040). Erythema, rash and dryness increased (worsened) over days 1–14 then decreased by day 28, with no significant oil group differences. TEWL increased over time, with no significant oil group differences. Gestational age did not modify the effect; the slightly faster decrease in skin pH among SSO infants was similar in magnitude between term and preterm infants. Conclusions Oil type may contribute to differences in skin integrity when neonates are massaged regularly. The more rapid acid mantle development observed for SSO may be protective for neonates in lower resource settings. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01177111); registered August 6th, 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee Summers
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, W5009, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Marty O Visscher
- Skin Sciences Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Subarna K Khatry
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, W5009, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Nepal Nutrition Intervention Project-Sarlahi (NNIPS), Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Jeevan B Sherchand
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Maharajgunj Rd, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
| | - Steven C LeClerq
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, W5009, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Joanne Katz
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, W5009, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - James M Tielsch
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, 950 New Hampshire Avenue, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Luke C Mullany
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, W5009, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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Biswal AK, P H, Saha S. Efficient and prolonged antibacterial activity from porous PLGA microparticles and their application in food preservation. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2020; 108:110496. [PMID: 31923956 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Simple addition of a minute quantity of non-toxic mustard oil in water/oil/water (W/O/W) double emulsion led to a porous morphology at the surface as well as in the interior of the biodegradable PLGA (Poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide)) microparticles. An attempt was made to understand the mechanism of pore formation by analyzing optical micrographs and SEM images in addition to solution viscosity of organic phase and interfacial tension values between organic and aqueous phases. The origin of surface porosity was thought to come from the inclusion of inner water droplet, stabilized by heteroaggregation of mustard oil and PLGA chains along with PVA (polyvinyl alcohol), to the solidifying polymer skin. The surface pores did not arise in absence of mustard oil. The encapsulation and release of antibacterial active (benzoic acid) from porous PLGA particles was studied in PBS buffer (pH 7) at 37 °C for 60 days. The release profiles were well-controlled in nature, and found to be influenced by surface porosity of the particles that can be manipulated by varying the amount of mustard oil. The release mechanism can well be explained with the help of power law model. Strikingly, in liquid medium, porous particles were found completely suppressing the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus for a prolonged period of 60 days. The strong antimicrobial activity (100% inhibition of bacterial growth) in porous particles can be linked to the enhanced surface area due to the formation of micro/nano pores which accelerate the hydrolytic degradation of PLGA to release lactic acid/glycolic acid (antibacterial) in addition to encapsulated antibacterial (benzoic acid). In a food model system, the shelf life of the water melon juice was also found to be enhanced by suppressing the growth of the natural microbes in comparison to control.
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Sukanya V, Pandiyan V, Vijayarani K, Padmanath K. A Study on Insulin Levels and the Expression of Glut 4 in Streptozotocin (STZ) Induced Diabetic Rats Treated with Mustard Oil Diet. Indian J Clin Biochem 2019; 35:488-496. [PMID: 33013020 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-019-00852-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The study was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic effect of mustard oil incorporated diet in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic rats. Dietary composition has shown to play a significant role in improving insulin sensitivity. Various authors have reported the hypoglycemic effect of mustard oil in experimentally induced diabetic rats. In the present study, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was done to analyze the Glut 4 expression in STZ induced diabetic rats as it is a key player in glucose homeostasis. The effect of mustard oil on serum biochemical parameter and insulin levels was also studied. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three different groups with each containing eight animals. The first, second and third groups were control, diabetic control and treatment group with mustard oil respectively. All the rats in respective groups were fed for 60 days with iso-caloric mash diet containing 8% lipid. Diabetes was induced by intra-peritoneal administration of STZ (40 mg/kg body weight). A highly significant reduction in blood glucose level, with an increase in insulin activity was observed in mustard oil-treated diabetic rats when compared to control group indicating anti-hyperglycemic activity of mustard oil. Mustard oil-treated diabetic rats showed increased expression of Glut 4 in muscle tissue when compared to diabetic control. A significant reduction in the levels of triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, VLDL and LDL and raised plasma HDL were noticed in mustard oil-treated diabetic rats when compared to diabetic control rats. Histopathological studies revealed a mild regeneration of β cells of pancreas in mustard oil-treated diabetic rats. The results from our investigation suggest that mustard oil elicits hypoglycemic effect by increased insulin activity and up-regulation of Glut 4 gene expression in muscle tissue of STZ-induced diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sukanya
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Madras Veterinary College, Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, 600007 India
| | - V Pandiyan
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Madras Veterinary College, Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, 600007 India
| | - K Vijayarani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, 600007 India
| | - K Padmanath
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Madras Veterinary College, Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, 600007 India
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Hansted AK, Bhatt DK, Olesen J, Jensen LJ, Jansen-Olesen I. Effect of TRPA1 activator allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) on rat dural and pial arteries. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:565-72. [PMID: 31132686 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels may have a role in migraine as some substances known to cause headache activate the channel. In the craniovascular system such activation causes a calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-dependent increase in meningeal blood flow. TRPA1 channels in the endothelium of cerebral arteries cause vasodilation when activated. The headache preventive substance feverfew inhibits activation of TRPA1 channels. In this study we aim to compare and characterize the effect of the TRPA1 agonist allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) on the diameter of rat dural and pial arteries in vivo. METHODS The genuine closed-cranial window technique in rats was used to examine changes in dural and pial artery diameter and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) after intracarotid infusion of AITC. Blockade experiments were performed by intravenous infusion of olcegepant, HC-030031, sumatriptan or capsazepine immediately after infusion of AITC, in four different groups of rats. RESULTS AITC caused a significant dilation of dural arteries, which was inhibited by HC-030031, olcegepant and sumatriptan, but not by capsazepine. In pial arteries AITC caused a significant dilation, which was not inhibited by any of the pre-treatments, suggesting a poor penetration of the blood-brain barrier or autoregulation due to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) mediated decrease in MABP during HC-030031 infusion. AITC did not cause a significant change in MABP. CONCLUSION AITC causes dilation of dural arteries via a mechanism dependent on CGRP and TRPA1 that is sensitive to sumatriptan. AITC causes a small but significant dilation of pial arteries.
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Gründemann C, Huber R. Chemoprevention with isothiocyanates - From bench to bedside. Cancer Lett 2017; 414:26-33. [PMID: 29111351 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Isothiocyanates (ITCs) are naturally occurring hydrolization products from glucosinolates (GLSs) in brassicaceae and in epidemiological studies their intake has been weakly to moderately inversely correlated with the risk of colorectal cancer, prostate cancer and lung cancer. Numerous preclinical studies demonstrate chemopreventive mode of actions of ITCs, mainly related to a.) detoxification (induction of phase II enzymes), b.) anti-inflammatory properties by down-regulation of NFkappaB activity, c.) cyclin-mediated cell cycle arrest and d.) epigenetic modulation by inhibition of histone deacetylase activity. First prospective clinical trials were promising in patients with risk of prostate cancer recurrence. The glutathione-S-transferase gene expression seems to play a major role in the individual susceptibility towards ITCs. Safety issues are widely unclear and should be more addressed in future studies because ITCs can, in low concentrations, compromise the function of human immune cells and might impair genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Gründemann
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Roman Huber
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Lone PA, Ahmed SW, Prasad V, Ahmed B. Role of turmeric in management of alveolar osteitis (dry socket): A randomised clinical study. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2018; 8:44-7. [PMID: 29556463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants & their extracts have immense potential for the management or treatment of the wounds. The pyhto medicines for the wound healing are not only cheap & affordable but are purportedly safe as hypersensitivity reactions are rarely encountered with the use of these agents, these natural agents induce healing & regeneration of the lost tissue by multiple mechanisms Turmeric commonly is called as Haldi in Hindi. C Longa has been reported to possess anti bacterial, anti fungal & anti inflammatory activities. Turmeric is known as traditional herb to Asia & India also called as curcuma longa, with maximum healing properties & other great uses. It is widely used in India & China for traditional Chinese medicine. This act as anti inflammatory agent to treat different kind of diseases & health problems. Aims & objectives The aim of this study was to study the therapeutic, healing benefits of turmeric, an herb commonly used in Asia. Material & methods The study was conducted in department of oral & maxillofacial surgery of Indira Gandhi government dental college jammu.178 patients were selected from the outpatient department of oral & maxillofacial surgery. The diagnosis of dry socket was made clinically. Turmeric dressing with mustard oil was given in group A & in group B ZOE dressing was given. Results In this study there was significant reduction in pain, inflammation & discomfort after turmeric and ZOE dressing. Wound healing was seen faster, than dressing with ZOE. There is no side effect of Turmeric. Statistical analysis was done p < 0.05, was found statistically significant.
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Kaiser SJ, Mutters NT, Blessing B, Günther F. Natural isothiocyanates express antimicrobial activity against developing and mature biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Fitoterapia 2017; 119:57-63. [PMID: 28390975 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The antimicrobial properties of natural isothiocyanates (ITCs) found in plants such as nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus) and horseradish (Armoracia rusticana), and the need of new chemotherapeutic options for treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant and biofilm-forming Gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa), led us to evaluate the effects of three major ITCs, allylisothiocyanate (AITC), benzylisothiocyanate (BITC), and phenylethyl-isothiocyanate (PEITC), and a mixture (ITCM) adapted to the ITC composition after release of active components out of natural sources. MATERIAL/METHODS Out of 105Pa isolates 27 isolates with increased biofilm formation were selected for testing. The effects of ITCs on Pa were evaluated regarding (1) planktonic bacterial proliferation, (2) biofilm formation, (3) metabolic activity in mature biofilms, and (4) synergism of ITCs and antibiotics. RESULTS (1) Each ITC had anti-Pa activity. Mean minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were (μg/ml, mean±standard deviation): AITC 103±6.9; BITC, 2145±249; PEITC 29,423±1652; and ITCM, 140±5. (2) Treating bacteria with PEITC and ITCM in concentrations below the MIC significantly inhibited biofilm formation. Particularly, ITCM reduced biofilm mass and bacterial proliferation. (3) ITCs significantly inhibited metabolic activity in mature biofilms. (4) Combining ITCs with meropenem synergistically increased antimicrobial efficacy on Pa biofilms. CONCLUSIONS ITCs represent a promising group of natural anti-infective compounds with activity against Pa biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan J Kaiser
- Heidelberg University Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, Germany
| | - Nico T Mutters
- Heidelberg University Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, Germany
| | - Brigitte Blessing
- Heidelberg University Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, Germany
| | - Frank Günther
- Heidelberg University Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, Germany.
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Bhattacharya S, Das N, Maiti MK. Cumulative effect of heterologous AtWRI1 gene expression and endogenous BjAGPase gene silencing increases seed lipid content in Indian mustard Brassica juncea. Plant Physiol Biochem 2016; 107:204-213. [PMID: 27314514 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The production of vegetable oil in many countries of the world, including India has not been able to keep pace with the increasing requirement, leading to a very large gap in the demand-supply chain. Thus, there is an urgent need to increase the yield potential of the oilseed crops so as to enhance the storage lipid productivity. The present study describes a novel metabolic engineering ploy involving the constitutive down-regulation of endogenous ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (BjAGPase) enzyme and the seed-specific expression of WRINKLED1 transcription factor (AtWRI1) from Arabidopsis thaliana in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) with an aim to divert the photosynthetically fixed carbon pool from starch to lipid synthesis in the seeds for the enhanced production of storage lipids in the seeds of transgenic mustard plants. The starch content, in both the vegetative leaf and developing seed tissues of the transgenic B. juncea lines exhibited a reduction by about 45-53% compared to the untransformed control, whereas the soluble sugar content was increased by 2.4 and 1.3-fold in the leaf and developing seed tissues, respectively. Consequently, the transgenic lines showed a significant enhancement in total seed lipid content ranging between 7.5 and 16.9%. The results indicate that the adopted metabolic engineering strategy was successful in significantly increasing the seed oil content. Therefore, findings of our research suggest that the metabolic engineering strategy adopted in this study for shifting the anabolic carbon flux from starch synthesis to lipid biosynthesis can be employed for increasing the storage lipid content of seeds in other plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surajit Bhattacharya
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Natasha Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Mrinal K Maiti
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India.
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Abstract
Mustard oil blends were investigated for fatty acid composition and oxidative stability during storage for 3 months at room temperature (15 °C to 35 °C). The blends were prepared using raw mustard oil with selected refined vegetable oils namely; palm, safflower, soybean, rice bran, sunflower and sesame oil (raw). The fatty acid compositions of all these blends were studied using GLC. The developed blends were found to obey the ideal fatty acid ratio as laid down by health agencies i.e. 1:2:1:: SFA:MUFA:PUFA. The oxidative stability of blends was studied by measuring peroxide value (PV), Kries and Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) test. Blends MPSu (mustard oil, palm oil and sunflower oil), MPT (mustard oil, palm oil and sesame oil) and MPGr (mustard oil, palm oil and groundnut oil) were more stable than other blends during storage. The presence of mustard oil in all blends might make them a healthier option for many consumers as it is a rich source of ω-3 fatty acids and has anti-carcinogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Chugh
- />Department of Food Sci. & Technology, CCS Haryana Agriculture University, Hisar, 125004 India
- />GB Pant university of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, US nagar, Uttarakhand India
| | - Kamal Dhawan
- />Department of Food Sci. & Technology, CCS Haryana Agriculture University, Hisar, 125004 India
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Wendlinger C, Hammann S, Vetter W. Various concentrations of erucic acid in mustard oil and mustard. Food Chem 2014; 153:393-7. [PMID: 24491745 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.12.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Erucic acid is a typical constituent of mustard or rape. Foodstuff with a high content of erucic acid is considered undesirable for human consumption because it has been linked to myocardial lipidosis and heart lesions in laboratory rats. As a result, several countries have restricted its presence in oils and fats. In this study, the erucic acid content in several mustard oils and prepared mustard samples from Germany and Australia was determined. Seven of nine mustard oil samples exceeded the permitted maximum levels established for erucic acid (range: 0.3-50.8%, limit: 5%). The erucic acid content in mustard samples (n=15) varied from 14% to 33% in the lipids. Two servings (i.e. 20 g) of the mustards with the highest erucic acid content already surpassed the tolerable daily intake established by Food Standards Australia New Zealand. However, a careful selection of mustard cultivars could lower the nutritional intake of erucic acid.
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Park YM, Lee YJ, Lee YH, Kim TI, Park H. Effects of ramosetron on gastrointestinal transit of Guinea pig. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2013; 19:36-41. [PMID: 23350045 PMCID: PMC3548124 DOI: 10.5056/jnm.2013.19.1.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS A selective 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) type 3 receptor antagonist, ramosetron, inhibits stress-induced abnormal defecation in animals and is currently used as a therapeutic drug for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of ramosetron on altered gastrointestinal (GI) transit. METHODS Male guinea pigs weighing approximately 300 g were used. The effect of ramosetron was investigated on altered GI transit induced by thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), 5-HT, or mustard oil (MO). GI transit was evaluated by the migration of charcoal mixture from the pylorus to the most distal point, and expressed as a percentage (%) of charcoal migration (cm) of the total length of total small intestine (cm). RESULTS The average charcoal transit was 51.3 ± 20.1% in the control (vehicle) group, whereas in the ramosetron group charcoal moved 56.6 ± 21.9%, 46.9 ± 9.14% and 8.4 ± 5.6% of the total small intestine at the concentrations of 10, 30 and 100 µg/kg, respectively. GI transit after administration of TRH (100 µg/kg), 5-HT (10 mg/kg) or MO (10 mg/kg) was accelerated compared to vehicle (5-HT, 94.9 ± 9.22%; TRH, 73.4 ± 14.7%; MO, 81.0 ± 13.7%). Ramosetron inhibited GI transit altered by 5-HT, TRH or MO. CONCLUSIONS Ramosetron modulated GI transit. We suggest that ramosetron may be therapeutically useful for those with accelerated upper GI transit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Mi Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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