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Dey A, Verma A, Bhaskar U, Sarkar B, Kallianpur M, Vishvakarma V, Das AK, Garai K, Mukherjee O, Ishii K, Tahara T, Maiti S. A Toxicogenic Interaction between Intracellular Amyloid-β and Apolipoprotein-E. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:1265-1275. [PMID: 38421952 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with the aggregation of amyloid β (Aβ) and tau proteins. Why ApoE variants are significant genetic risk factors remains a major unsolved puzzle in understanding AD, although intracellular interactions with ApoE are suspected to play a role. Here, we show that specific changes in the fluorescence lifetime of fluorescently tagged small Aβ oligomers in rat brain cells correlate with the cellular ApoE content. An inhibitor of the Aβ-ApoE interaction suppresses these changes and concomitantly reduces Aβ toxicity in a dose-dependent manner. Single-molecule techniques show changes both in the conformation and in the stoichiometry of the oligomers. Neural stem cells derived from hiPSCs of Alzheimer's patients also exhibit these fluorescence lifetime changes. We infer that intracellular interaction with ApoE modifies the N-terminus of the Aβ oligomers, inducing changes in their stoichiometry, membrane affinity, and toxicity. These changes can be directly imaged in live cells and can potentially be used as a rapid and quantitative cellular assay for AD drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Dey
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Aditi Verma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Uchit Bhaskar
- Institute of Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Bidyut Sarkar
- Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan
| | - Mamata Kallianpur
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Vicky Vishvakarma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Anand Kant Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Kanchan Garai
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Hyderabad 500107, India
| | - Odity Mukherjee
- Institute of Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Kunihiko Ishii
- Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan
| | - Tahei Tahara
- Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan
| | - Sudipta Maiti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India
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Ludwig TE, Andrews PW, Barbaric I, Benvenisty N, Bhattacharyya A, Crook JM, Daheron LM, Draper JS, Healy LE, Huch M, Inamdar MS, Jensen KB, Kurtz A, Lancaster MA, Liberali P, Lutolf MP, Mummery CL, Pera MF, Sato Y, Shimasaki N, Smith AG, Song J, Spits C, Stacey G, Wells CA, Zhao T, Mosher JT. ISSCR standards for the use of human stem cells in basic research. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:1744-1752. [PMID: 37703820 PMCID: PMC10545481 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The laboratory culture of human stem cells seeks to capture a cellular state as an in vitro surrogate of a biological system. For the results and outputs from this research to be accurate, meaningful, and durable, standards that ensure reproducibility and reliability of the data should be applied. Although such standards have been previously proposed for repositories and distribution centers, no widely accepted best practices exist for laboratory research with human pluripotent and tissue stem cells. To fill that void, the International Society for Stem Cell Research has developed a set of recommendations, including reporting criteria, for scientists in basic research laboratories. These criteria are designed to be technically and financially feasible and, when implemented, enhance the reproducibility and rigor of stem cell research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jeremy M Crook
- The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW Australia; Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; The University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Meritxell Huch
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maneesha S Inamdar
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Kim B Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kurtz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Sulzbach, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Prisca Liberali
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basal, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Yoji Sato
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Noriko Shimasaki
- Center for iPS Research and Application, Kyoto, Japan; Prefectural University of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Jihwan Song
- CHA University, Seoul, Korea; iPS Bio, Inc, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Glyn Stacey
- International Stem Cell Banking Initiative, Barley, Herts, UK
| | | | - Tongbiao Zhao
- Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jack T Mosher
- International Society for Stem Cell Research, Evanston, IL, USA
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Guerreiro S, Maciel P. Transition from Animal-Based to Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs)-Based Models of Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Opportunities and Challenges. Cells 2023; 12. [PMID: 36831205 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) arise from the disruption of highly coordinated mechanisms underlying brain development, which results in impaired sensory, motor and/or cognitive functions. Although rodent models have offered very relevant insights to the field, the translation of findings to clinics, particularly regarding therapeutic approaches for these diseases, remains challenging. Part of the explanation for this failure may be the genetic differences-some targets not being conserved between species-and, most importantly, the differences in regulation of gene expression. This prompts the use of human-derived models to study NDDS. The generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hIPSCs) added a new suitable alternative to overcome species limitations, allowing for the study of human neuronal development while maintaining the genetic background of the donor patient. Several hIPSC models of NDDs already proved their worth by mimicking several pathological phenotypes found in humans. In this review, we highlight the utility of hIPSCs to pave new paths for NDD research and development of new therapeutic tools, summarize the challenges and advances of hIPSC-culture and neuronal differentiation protocols and discuss the best way to take advantage of these models, illustrating this with examples of success for some NDDs.
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Forbester JL, Hannan N, Vallier L, Dougan G. Derivation of Intestinal Organoids from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Use as an Infection System. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1576:157-169. [PMID: 27576565 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2016_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal human organoids (iHOs) provide an effective system for studying the intestinal epithelium and its interaction with various stimuli. By using combinations of different signaling factors, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hIPSCs) can be driven to differentiate down the intestinal lineage. Here, we describe the process for this differentiation, including the derivation of hindgut from hIPSCs, embedding hindgut into a pro-intestinal culture system and passaging the resulting iHOs. We then describe how to carry out microinjections to introduce bacteria to the apical side of the intestinal epithelial cells (IECs).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ludovic Vallier
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, Anne McLaren Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gordon Dougan
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
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