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Idu FK, Efosa AD, Mutali M. Ocular Side Effects of Eyelash Extension Use Among Female Students of the University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Cureus 2024; 16:e53047. [PMID: 38410308 PMCID: PMC10895549 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Eyelash extensions have become a trendy cosmetic procedure, especially among young female students at various universities. This study assessed the relationship between the usage pattern of eyelash extensions and the ocular side effects arising from eyelash extension use. Methods The study was conducted using 400 female undergraduate students at the University of Benin with an age range of 15-30 years and a mean age of 22.50 ± 3.79 years. This observational cross-sectional study was conducted by evaluating the usage pattern of eyelash extensions, ocular side effects, and the relationship between them. Data obtained from the participants were processed using the Pearson correlation analysis in the Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) (version 22.0; IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Armonk, NY) software. Results The results showed that only 16% (n=64) of the participants had any side effects before fixing eyelash extensions, while 54% (n=216) of the participants had experienced one or more side effects during/after artificial eyelash wear. The most common side effects experienced were itching (n=152, 38%), lashes pulling out (n=144, 36%), heavy eyelids (n=136, 34%), and red eyes (n=136, 34%). Other ocular side effects were grittiness/foreign body sensation (n=128, 32%), tearing (n=96, 24%), burning sensation (n=96, 24%), pain on the eyelids (n=88, 22%), misdirected lashes (n=40,10%), eyelids swelling (n=24, 6%), a boil on eyelids (n=16, 4%), and discharge (n=8, 2%). Moreover, the result showed statistically significant correlation between the usage pattern and the ocular side effects such as pain (r=0.22), itching (r=0.23), tearing (r=0.21), burning sensation (r=0.17), a boil on the eyelids (r=0.21), heavy eyelids (r=0.16), misdirected lashes (r=0.22), red eyes (r=0.15), lashes pulling out (r=0.12), eyelids swelling (r=0.18), grittiness (r=0.10), and discharge (r=0.10) (p<0.05). Conclusions It is concluded that there is a relationship between the usage pattern of eyelash extensions and the ocular side effects. Adequate and proper attention should be paid to this ever-growing cosmetic procedure's potential visual health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Musa Mutali
- Optometry, University of Benin, Benin, NGA
- Ophthalmology, Africa Eye Laser Centre, Benin, NGA
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Takeda S, Kanda T, Ahhmed AM, Sogawa K, Umezu K, Ogata M, Mizunoya W, Sakata R. Reducing Effects of Whey Protein Hydrolysate on Coloration of Cured Sausages. Foods 2023; 13:13. [PMID: 38201040 PMCID: PMC10778051 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Curing produces a characteristic pink color during meat processing through the production of nitrosyl myoglobin (NOMb), which requires nitric oxide (NO). Nitrites and nitrates in coloring agents are crucial NO sources; however, a reducing agent is necessary to facilitate their chemical conversion to NO. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the reducing properties of whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) on the reddening of cured meat products. Cured and cooked sausage models were treated with WPH, which enhanced the reddening of the meat color and increased the a* value in the models compared with that of the controls. Additionally, ethanol-extracted WPH induced Fe3⁺ reduction, lowered oxidation-reduction potential, and decreased nitrite (NO2-) levels. Moreover, ethanol-extracted WPH promoted the formation of NOMb in myoglobin solution. This effect was also observed when ethanol-extracted WPH treated with maleimide was used, implying that certain peptides rather than the thiol group of WPH are involved in promoting NOMb formation. Furthermore, the peptides that decreased NO2- levels were isolated from ethanol-extracted WPH, identified, and synthesized. These synthesized peptides, particularly the FFVAPFPEVFGK peptide, showed NO2--reducing activity. Hence, WPH may promote the coloration of cured meat products through the reducing potential of the peptides contained within.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiro Takeda
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan; (W.M.); (R.S.)
- Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan; (T.K.); (K.U.); (M.O.)
- Center for Human and Animal Symbiosis Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan
| | - Teppei Kanda
- Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan; (T.K.); (K.U.); (M.O.)
| | - Abdulatef M. Ahhmed
- Department of Nutritional Therapy, Graduate School of Medical Science, The Libyan Academy, Tripoli 79031, Libya;
| | - Kazuki Sogawa
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan;
| | - Keitarou Umezu
- Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan; (T.K.); (K.U.); (M.O.)
| | - Masaya Ogata
- Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan; (T.K.); (K.U.); (M.O.)
| | - Wataru Mizunoya
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan; (W.M.); (R.S.)
- Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan; (T.K.); (K.U.); (M.O.)
- Center for Human and Animal Symbiosis Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Sakata
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan; (W.M.); (R.S.)
- Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan; (T.K.); (K.U.); (M.O.)
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Choi H, Ha JH, Kang HC, Seo WS, Bin BH. The Protective Effects of Moisturizer Containing Potentilla anserina Extract in the Topical Treatment of Skin Damage Caused by Masks. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14294. [PMID: 37762597 PMCID: PMC10531951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in significant societal changes, particularly for individuals with sensitive skin. To address this issue, the researchers explored traditional medicine and identified Potentilla anserina extract as a potential solution due to its anti-inflammatory and moisturizing effects. This research investigated how this extract influences skin hydration, barrier function, and itching. The findings revealed that the extract had a hydrating effect by elevating Aquaporin-3 (AQP3) expression. Additionally, the study demonstrated that the extract improved skin barrier function, with Filaggrin (FLG) expression being approximately three times higher (p < 0.001) in the Potentilla-anserina-extract-treated group compared to the control group and the genes associated with itching being reduced. In this process, we researched and developed HPβCD (hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin)-Liposome containing Potentilla anserina extract, gradually and sustainably releasing the active components of the Potentilla anserina extract. During four weeks of clinical trials involving individuals wearing masks for over 6 h a day, a moisturizer containing Potentilla anserina extract demonstrated a notable reduction in skin redness. Hemoglobin values (A.U.), which serve as indicators of skin redness, showed decreases of 5.06% and 6.74% in the test area inside the mask after 2 and 4 weeks, respectively, compared to the baseline measurements. Additionally, the moisturizer containing Potentilla anserina extract notably decreased Trans Epidermal Water Loss (TEWL), with reductions of 5.23% and 9.13% observed in the test area inside the mask after 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. The moisturizer, especially in the test area treated with the extract-containing moisturizer, significantly enhanced skin hydration compared to the control group. The Corneometer values (A.U) exhibited notable increases of 11.51% and 15.14% in the test area inside the mask after 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. These discoveries emphasize the potential of Potentilla anserina extract and its utility in tackling skin issues caused by mask wearing, including enhancing moisture, fortifying the skin's barrier, and alleviating itching. These results indicate that moisturizers incorporating specific ingredients provide greater benefits compared to conventional moisturizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong Choi
- Department of Applied Biotechnology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea;
- R&D Complex, Kolmar Korea, Seocho 06800, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ji Hoon Ha
- R&D Complex, Kolmar Korea, Seocho 06800, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hee Cheol Kang
- Green & Biome Customizing Laboratory, GFC Co., Ltd., Hwaseong 18471, Republic of Korea;
| | - Won Sang Seo
- Green & Biome Customizing Laboratory, GFC Co., Ltd., Hwaseong 18471, Republic of Korea;
| | - Bum-Ho Bin
- Department of Applied Biotechnology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea;
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Mohan S, Kumar S, Kumar GP, Maheswari A, Bhatia A, Sagar A. Assessment of the efficacy of olopatadine 0.1% in the treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis in terms of clinical improvement based on total ocular symptom score and ocular surface disease index. Indian J Ophthalmol 2023; 71:1822-1827. [PMID: 37203036 PMCID: PMC10391378 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_2048_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The main objective of this study is to explore the efficacy of olopatadine 0.1% treatment in the resolution of symptoms of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) among the Indian population. Methods This single-center, prospective cohort study involved 234 patients with VKC. Patients were treated with olopatadine 0.1%, twice daily for a period of 12 weeks and then followed up in 1st week, 4th week, 3rd month, and 6th month. The extent of relief in the symptoms of VKC was measured using total ocular symptom score (TOSS) and ocular surface disease index (OSDI). Results In the present study, the dropout rate was 5.6%. Total of 136 males and 85 females with a mean age of 37.68 ± 11.35 years completed the study. TOSS score reduced from 58.85 to 5.06 and the OSDI score reduced from 75.41 to 11.2 with statistical significance (P < 0.01) from 1st week to 6th week after olopatadine 0.1% treatment. The data showed relief in subjective symptoms of itching, tearing, and redness, and relief in discomfort in functions related to ocular grittiness, visuals like reading, and environmental like tolerability in dry conditions. Further, olopatadine 0.1% was effective in both males and females, and patients across ages 18-70 years. Conclusion Based on TOSS and OSDI scores, the findings of this study validate safety and tolerability as revealed by low adverse effects and moderate efficacy of olopatadine 0.1% in reducing VKC symptoms in a broader age group (18-70 years) of both genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mohan
- Command Hospital Airforce, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Command Hospital Airforce, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - G Pawan Kumar
- Command Hospital Airforce, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Agrima Bhatia
- Command Hospital Airforce, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Anand Sagar
- Command Hospital Airforce, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Barbarino SC, Bucay VW, Cohen JL, Gold M. Integrative skincare trial of intense pulsed light followed by the phyto-corrective mask, phyto-corrective gel, and resveratrol BE for decreasing post-procedure downtime and improving procedure outcomes in patients with rosacea. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:3759-3767. [PMID: 35765796 PMCID: PMC9796497 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin condition of varying severity that can significantly impact patient quality of life. Intense pulsed light (IPL) is an established treatment for rosacea-associated telangiectasia, inflammation, and erythema. This study assessed whether application of a phyto-corrective mask, gel, and resveratrol antioxidant serum after IPL treatment can improve outcomes and reduce procedure-related adverse effects. METHODS In a prospective, open-label, split-face, 3-month study, 10 subjects with moderate-to-severe facial rosacea underwent IPL treatment on both sides of the face. The following were applied to the right side of the face only: phyto-corrective mask once weekly starting immediately after IPL; phyto-corrective gel twice daily; and resveratrol antioxidant treatment at night. Both sides of the face were treated with sunscreen. Subjects were assessed on Day 1, 1 and 3 months after IPL by three, independent evaluators using the 5-point Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS). All subjects rated skin redness, hydration, and overall improvement on Day 1 and completed a patient satisfaction questionnaire at the 1- and 3-month visits. RESULTS Ten women were enrolled, aged 44-72 years old, with moderate (n = 6) to severe (n = 4) rosacea. IPL was effective at reducing symptoms with rosacea classified as absent in five women and mild in five at the final 3-month visit. GAIS scores also revealed improvements on both sides of the face, but the skincare treated side showed continuous improvement over 3 months with all patients remaining at least "Improved", whereas there appeared to be a waning effect after 1 month with IPL alone. On Day 1 after IPL, all women reported less redness, improved hydration, and improved skin appearance on the right side of the face. Patient satisfaction was consistently rated higher on the right side of the face. CONCLUSION Application of a phyto-corrective mask, gel, and resveratrol antioxidant serum may complement IPL treatment for rosacea by enhancing treatment outcomes and reducing procedure-related symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivian W. Bucay
- Bucay Center for Dermatology and AestheticsSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Joel L. Cohen
- University of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA,AboutSkin Dermatology and DermSurgeryGreenwood VillageColoradoUSA
| | - Michael H. Gold
- Gold Skin Care CenterTennessee Clinical Research CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
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Lee JS, Kim CY. Brimonidine tartrate ophthalmic solution 0.025% for redness relief: an overview of safety and efficacy. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2022; 15:911-919. [PMID: 35951740 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2022.2112948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ocular redness, or conjunctival hyperemia, is a common ophthalmic sign associated with reduced quality of life. For redness without apparent underlying pathology, topical ophthalmic decongestants have been widely used. AREAS COVERED Brimonidine tartrate was approved in 2017 as a topical vasoconstrictor at a 0.025% concentration for relief of ocular redness. Since then, investigators have reported on efficacy and safety findings from studies evaluating low-dose brimonidine for reducing ocular redness. EXPERT OPINION Brimonidine is highly selective for α2-adrenergic receptors. Clinical trials have so far shown that the drug in low doses significantly reduces ocular redness in comparison to vehicle for up to 8 hours. Brimonidine-treated eyes did not present side effects of other vasoconstrictors, such as hypotension, cardiac arrhythmia or drowsiness. Ocular adverse events such as allergic reactions and redness rebound were also minimal. In this review, we examine in detail published literature on the mechanism of brimonidine tartrate and its efficacy and safety in relieving conjunctival hyperemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihei Sara Lee
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Yun Kim
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Yoo MA, Kim SH, Han HS, Byun JW, Park KH. The effects of wearing a face mask and of subsequent moisturizer use on the characteristics of sensitive skin. Skin Res Technol 2022; 28:714-718. [PMID: 35639816 PMCID: PMC9348451 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background COVID‐19 is a serious respiratory disease, and wearing masks has become essential in daily life. Nevertheless, the number of people complaining of skin problems caused by wearing masks is increasing. Therefore, we investigated the characteristics of changes in sensitive skin caused by wearing a mask. Materials and methods Twenty healthy Korean women with sensitive skin participated in this study. To determine any skin‐related changes caused by mask‐wearing, we evaluated redness, hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and moisture at 2.5 mm below the surface before and 4 h after wearing a Korea Filter 94 mask. In addition, we tested whether applying a moisturizer for 30 min after mask removal could reverse any mask‐induced changes. Results Skin redness and TEWL were significantly increased at 4 h after wearing a mask (p < 0.05), otherwise skin hydration and the 2.5 mm moisture were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). After applying the moisturizer, skin redness and TEWL were significantly decreased compared to their values 4 h after wearing masks (p < 0.05), whereas skin hydration and the 2.5 mm moisture were significantly increased (p < 0.05). Moreover, after applying the moisturizer, skin redness and TEWL were significantly reduced compared to the pre‐masking baseline (p < 0.05), whereas skin hydration was significantly increased (p < 0.05); the 2.5 mm moisture showed no significant change. Conclusion We observed that wearing masks causes physiological changes in sensitive skin, whereas applying a moisturizer after removing the mask improved skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ae Yoo
- Skin Clinical Trials Center, OATC Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Song Hee Kim
- Skin Clinical Trials Center, OATC Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyo Sun Han
- Research and Development, KOREATECH Co., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Won Byun
- Department of Dermatology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
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Miyamoto K, Munakata Y, Yan X, Tsuji G, Furue M. Enhanced Fluctuations in Facial Pore Size, Redness, and TEWL Caused by Mask Usage Are Normalized by the Application of a Moisturizer. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11082121. [PMID: 35456214 PMCID: PMC9030563 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11082121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mask wearing is described as one of the main public health measures against COVID-19. Mask wearing induces various types of subjective and objective facial skin damage, such as hair pore dilatation and redness. Facial pore size and redness show morning-to-evening intra-day fluctuations. It remains unknown whether mask usage affects fluctuations in pore size and redness. We measured facial skin hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), pore size, and redness four times a day for 6 weeks in 20 healthy young women. After a 2-week no-mask-usage period (baseline period), all subjects wore unwoven masks for 2 weeks; then, for the following 2 weeks, they applied masks after the topical application of a moisturizer containing a Galactomyces ferment filtrate (GFF) skin care formula (Pitera™). We demonstrated that mask wearing significantly increased the intra-day fluctuations of pore size, redness, and TEWL. In addition, significant correlations were evident among these three parameters. Notably, these mask-induced skin changes were significantly improved, achieving a return to baseline levels, by the application of a GFF-containing moisturizer. In conclusion, mask wearing aggravates intra-day fluctuations in pore size and redness. Appropriate moisturization can minimize this mask-related skin damage, most likely by normalizing the elevated TEWL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kukizo Miyamoto
- Research and Development, Kobe Innovation Center, Procter and Gamble Innovation GK, Kobe 651-0088, Japan; (Y.M.); (X.Y.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Yoko Munakata
- Research and Development, Kobe Innovation Center, Procter and Gamble Innovation GK, Kobe 651-0088, Japan; (Y.M.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xianghong Yan
- Research and Development, Kobe Innovation Center, Procter and Gamble Innovation GK, Kobe 651-0088, Japan; (Y.M.); (X.Y.)
| | - Gaku Tsuji
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Masutaka Furue
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
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Le-Petross HT, Balema W, Woodward WA. Why diagnosing inflammatory breast cancer is hard and how to overcome the challenges: a narrative review. Chin Clin Oncol 2022; 10:58. [PMID: 35016512 DOI: 10.21037/cco-21-116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this narrative review is to summarize the contributors to misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis of inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) and strategies for expedient diagnosis. BACKGROUND Patients with IBC often report the disease as initially being misdiagnosed, most commonly as mastitis. METHODS We reviewed the literature on this challenging diagnosis by using sequential PubMed search criteria including IBC breast symptoms, IBC diagnosis, and IBC imaging modalities to augment the authors' knowledge of IBC. Other references were added from the manuscripts identified in the PubMed searches and from manuscript reviewers. CONCLUSIONS Several factors contribute to the delayed diagnosis of IBC. One important factor is that IBC is uncommon, and many generalists may not be aware of it in the differential diagnosis of breast skin symptoms. Several features of IBC contribute to the low sensitivity of mammography for its detection, and so the diagnosis is based on clinical factors and is thereby subjective. The presentation can be highly varied; classic textbook images that do not capture the range of presenting signs and symptoms across skin tones may contribute to missed diagnoses in patients with atypical presentations. In fact, the staging system of the American Joint Committee on Cancer, which requires erythema of the breast skin for diagnosis, may exclude patients with obvious global breast skin findings that are not explicitly red. We present an adapted algorithm for working up the undiagnosed inflammatory breast to ensure the timely and accurate diagnosis of IBC. We assert that frank, non-erythematous global skin signs in an enlarged breast with diffuse breast malignancy are sufficient to diagnose IBC if the timing of these signs and findings on biopsy are consistent. We further provide images of atypical IBC identified by global breast skin signs, including peau d'orange, consistent with IBC in the absence of frank erythema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong T Le-Petross
- Department of Breast Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Morgan Welch IBC Clinic and Research Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wintana Balema
- Morgan Welch IBC Clinic and Research Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; ; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wendy A Woodward
- Morgan Welch IBC Clinic and Research Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Adeyemi K, Balogun M, Babalola O, Salihu T, Sanusi L, Ore Z, Olagoke F. Dietary supplementation of Solanum aethiopicum and Solanecio biafrae leaves alters stress and immune responses, antioxidant status, and meat quality in broilers raised in a hot-dry environment. Br Poult Sci 2021; 63:82-90. [PMID: 34402340 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.1963675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
1. This study investigated the influence of dietary supplementation of Solanum aethiopicum and Solanecio biafrae leaves, which have nutraceutical properties, on stress response, cytokine expression, antioxidant status, blood chemistry, abdominal fat and meat quality in broilers reared in a hot, dry environment.2. One day old, Ross 308 chicks (n = 350) were randomly allotted to basal diets containing either no supplement (D1); 2.5 g/kg Solanum aethiopicum leaf (SAL; D2); 5 g/kg SAL (D3); 2.5 g/kg Solanecio biafrae leaf (SBL; D4); or 5 g/kg SBL (D5) for 42 d. Birds were reared at 34 ± 2°C and 40-50% relative humidity for 6 h/d from 22-42 d. Each dietary group was replicated in seven pens containing 10 chicks.3. In the period 1-21 d, body weight gain, feed efficiency and feed intake were not influenced by diet. At 22-42 and 1-42 d, birds supplemented with SAL and SBL had higher (P < 0.05) body weight gain and feed efficiency than the D1 birds. Cloaca temperature, carcase cuts and relative organ weight did not differ between diets. The D3 birds had higher (P < 0.05) erythrocytes and haemoglobin compared with other birds. Dietary supplements reduced (P < 0.05) mortality, abdominal fat, serum total cholesterol, corticosterone, glucose and blood aspartate aminotransferase levels.4. The treatments up-regulated (P < 0.05) splenic intelukin-10, and down-regulated (P < 0.05) tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β genes. A dose-dependent improvement (P < 0.05) in antioxidant enzyme activities and total antioxidant capacity of serum and breast muscle were found in the supplemented birds. The breast meat of the supplemented birds had lower (P < 0.05) carbonyl and malondialdehyde contents, and higher (P < 0.05) water holding capacity and redness compared with the non-supplemented meat.5. These results illustrated that supplementation with either 5 g/kg SAL or 5 g/kg SBL attenuated the deleterious effects of heat stress in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Adeyemi
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - M Balogun
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - O Babalola
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - T Salihu
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - L Sanusi
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Z Ore
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - F Olagoke
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Balema W, Liu D, Shen Y, El-Zein R, Debeb BG, Kai M, Overmoyer B, Miller KD, Le-Petross HT, Ueno NT, Woodward WA. Inflammatory breast cancer appearance at presentation is associated with overall survival. Cancer Med 2021; 10:6261-6272. [PMID: 34327874 PMCID: PMC8446552 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a clinical diagnosis. Here, we examined the association of a “classic” triad of clinical signs, swollen involved breast, nipple change, and diffuse skin change, with overall survival (OS). Method Breast medical photographs from patients enrolled on a prospective IBC registry were scored by two independent reviewers as classic (triad above), not classic, and difficult to assign. Chi‐squared test, Fisher's exact test, and Wilcoxon rank‐sum test were used to assess differences between patient groups. Kaplan–Meier estimates and the log‐rank test and Cox proportional hazard regression were used to assess the OS. Results We analyzed 245 IBC patients with median age 54 (range 26–81), M0 versus M1 status (157 and 88 patients, respectively). The classic triad was significantly associated with smoking, post‐menopausal status, and metastatic disease at presentation (p = 0.002, 0.013, and 0.035, respectively). Ten‐year actuarial OS for not classic and difficult to assign were not significantly different and were grouped for further analyses. Ten‐year OS was 29.7% among patients with the classic sign triad versus 57.2% for non‐classic (p < 0.0001). The multivariate Cox regression model adjusting for clinical staging (p < 0.0001) and TNBC status (<0.0001) demonstrated classic presentation score significantly associated with poorer OS time (HR 2.6, 95% CI 1.7–3.9, p < 0.0001). Conclusions A triad of classic IBC signs independently predicted OS in patients diagnosed with IBC. Further work is warranted to understand the biology related to clinical signs and further extend the understanding of physical examination findings in IBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wintana Balema
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Morgan Welch IBC Clinic and Research Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Diane Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yu Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Randa El-Zein
- Department of Radiology, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bisrat G Debeb
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Megumi Kai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Morgan Welch IBC Clinic and Research Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Kathy D Miller
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Huong T Le-Petross
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Morgan Welch IBC Clinic and Research Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Naoto T Ueno
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wendy A Woodward
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Morgan Welch IBC Clinic and Research Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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12
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Miyamoto K, Dissanayake B, Omotezako T, Takemura M, Tsuji G, Furue M. Daily Fluctuation of Facial Pore Area, Roughness and Redness among Young Japanese Women; Beneficial Effects of Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate Containing Antioxidative Skin Care Formula. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10112502. [PMID: 34198790 PMCID: PMC8200969 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Young women often complain about the daily fluctuation of their facial skin conditions. However, no objective study has been carried out on such changes. This study is aimed at quantitatively elucidating daily skin fluctuation and evaluating the efficacy of cosmetic skin care treatment. We developed the first portable and self-guided facial skin imaging device (eMR Pro) to reproducibly capture facial images at home. Two 8 week clinical studies were then conducted to analyze daily skin fluctuation of facial pore areas, roughness and redness in young Japanese women (n = 47 in study 1 and n = 57 in study 2) by collecting facial images three times a day, during the morning after wake-up, during the morning after face wash, and during the evening after face wash. After a 4 week baseline measurement period (week -4 to week -1), all subjects applied Galactomyces ferment filtrate (GFF, Pitera®) skin care formula twice a day for 4 weeks (week 1 to week 4). These three skin conditions did exhibit different fluctuation patterns. The pore area and roughness showed the “morning after wake-up”-largest fluctuation pattern, whereas redness showed the “evening after face wash”-largest fluctuation pattern. GFF treatment significantly reduced the net values and delta fluctuation of pore area, roughness, and redness, which were consistently observed in two studies. In conclusion, the daily fluctuation of facial skin conditions is potentially a new target field for investigating healthy skin maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kukizo Miyamoto
- Research and Development, Kobe Innovation Center, Procter and Gamble Innovation GK, Kobe 651-0088, Japan;
- Correspondence:
| | - Bandara Dissanayake
- Research and Development, Beauty Care, P&G International Operations (SA) Singapore Branch, Singapore 138547, Singapore;
| | - Tatsuya Omotezako
- Research and Development, Kobe Innovation Center, Procter and Gamble Innovation GK, Kobe 651-0088, Japan;
| | - Masaki Takemura
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (M.T.); (G.T.); (M.F.)
| | - Gaku Tsuji
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (M.T.); (G.T.); (M.F.)
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masutaka Furue
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (M.T.); (G.T.); (M.F.)
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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13
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Romandini M, Lima C, Pedrinaci I, Araoz A, Costanza Soldini M, Sanz M. Clinical signs, symptoms, perceptions, and impact on quality of life in patients suffering from peri-implant diseases: a university-representative cross-sectional study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2020; 32:100-111. [PMID: 33210787 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the symptoms and perception reported by patients with peri-implant diseases, as well as their signs and their potential impact on the oral health quality of life. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two hundred and forty randomly selected patients were invited to participate. As part of the history assessment, the patient OHIP-14Sp was evaluated together with, for each implant, the patient perception regarding the peri-implant health status and the history of pain, spontaneous discomfort, bleeding, suppuration, swelling, and discomfort during brushing. As part of the clinical examination, the following potential signs of peri-implant diseases were collected: probing pocket depth (PPD), mucosal dehiscence (MD), extent of BoP, presence of SoP, and visual signs of redness and swelling. Those parameters were analyzed in relation to the actual peri-implant health diagnosis. RESULTS Ninety-nine patients with a total of 458 dental implants were studied. Even in case of peri-implantitis, 88.9% of the implants were perceived by the patients as healthy. The total OHIP-14Sp sum score did not differ in relation to the peri-implant health diagnosis. Increased reports of spontaneous discomfort, bleeding, swelling, and discomfort during brushing were observed in presence of disease. However, only a minor proportion of implants with peri-implant diseases presented symptoms. PPD ≥ 6 mm was more frequent in diseased than in healthy implants (p < .01), while PPD ≥ 8 in pre-peri-implantitis/peri-implantitis than in healthy/mucositis implants (p < .01). Implants with peri-implantitis showed higher MD than implants without peri-implantitis (p < .01). CONCLUSION Peri-implant diseases are in most cases asymptomatic and not perceived by the patients. Despite being unable to accurately discriminate between peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, PPD and MD resulted as the only two clinical signs associated with pre-peri-implantitis/peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Romandini
- Section of Graduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Lima
- Section of Graduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Pedrinaci
- Section of Graduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Araoz
- Section of Graduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Mariano Sanz
- Section of Graduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Batory M, Wołowiec-Korecka E, Rotsztejn H. The influence of topical 5% tranexamic acid at pH 2.38 with and without corundum microdermabrasion on pigmentation and skin surface lipids. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e14391. [PMID: 33034937 DOI: 10.1111/dth.14391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tranexamic acid (TA) has anti-hemorrhagic effects; however, oral administration has been found to decrease hyperpigmentation. The aim of the work was to compare the effects of treatment with 5% tranexamic acid in combination with corundum microdermabrasion on skin pigmentation, redness, pH, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), sebum level and hydration of back surface and dorsal surface of the hand skin. Six treatments were performed every week on the back surface and both dorsal surfaces of the hands of 12 subjects. The entire back/both hands were treated with 5% tranexamic acid at pH 2.38; left side of the back or left hand were also subjected to corundum microdermabrasion. Skin parameters were measured using the Courage & Khazaka 580 Multi Probe Adapter. Clinical photos were taken using the Fotomedicus system. Significant differences between treatment methods were observed for melanin, erythema and pH. In addition, the two methods differed significantly with regard to the amount of sebum, TEWL and the level of moisture in the skin. Both methods gave similar acidic pH. Summing up tranexamic acid causes a significant reduction in epidermal melanogenesis, has a significant impact on the level of skin hydration, lipids of the epidermis and maintaining the proper TEWL. TA has a significant effect on reducing skin redness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirella Batory
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Cosmetology and Aesthetic Dermatology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Helena Rotsztejn
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Cosmetology and Aesthetic Dermatology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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15
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Intan Suhana MA, Farha A, Hassan BM. Inflammation of the Gums. Malays Fam Physician 2020; 15:71-73. [PMID: 32284812 PMCID: PMC7136683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M A Intan Suhana
- DDS (UKM), PhD (UK) Faculty of Medicine University Sultan Zainal Abidin Medical Campus 20400, Kuala Terengganu
| | - A Farha
- DDS (UKM), Master in Clinical Dentistry (Malaya) Faculty of Dentistry UiTM Sungai Buloh Campus Jalan Hospital 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor
| | - B M Hassan
- MD (UPM), MMed (Family Med) (UKM) Faculty of Medicine University Sultan Zainal Abidin Medical Campus 20400, Kuala Terengganu
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16
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Contreras‐Lopez G, Carnero‐Hernandez A, Huerta‐Jimenez M, Alarcon‐Rojo AD, Garcia‐Galicia I, Carrillo‐López LM. High-intensity ultrasound applied on cured pork: Sensory and physicochemical characteristics. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:786-795. [PMID: 32148788 PMCID: PMC7020317 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics and their relationship with sensory properties of cured porcine m. longissimus lumborum assisted by high-intensity ultrasound (HIU, 37 kHz, 22 Wcm-2). An experiment was designed with three factors at two levels each: type of curing (immersion or ultrasound-assisted -UA-), immersion time (30 or 90 min), and steak thickness (1.27 or 2.54 cm). After treatment and 7 days of storage at 4°C, the percentage of salt, pH, CIE L* a* b* color, water holding capacity (WHC), and shear force were determined in the samples. A quantitative descriptive analysis was performed using eight trained panelists. The HIU significantly increased the percentage of NaCl (p < .0005) and decreased the color saturation of the meat (p < .05), but did not affect the luminosity, redness (a*), yellowness (b*), pH, WHC, or shear force (all p > .05). The thickness of the steak had significant effects on almost all of the evaluated variables. Samples with 1.27 cm thickness had lower shear force, higher WHC and salt percentage (p < .0001). In agreement with this, the sensory profiles showed that the 1.27 cm samples treated with HIU for 30 min were perceived as less tough (more tender) and juicier.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mariana Huerta‐Jimenez
- Facultad de Zootecnia y EcologíaUniversidad Autónoma de ChihuahuaChihuahuaMéxico
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaMéxico CityMéxico
| | | | - Ivan Garcia‐Galicia
- Facultad de Zootecnia y EcologíaUniversidad Autónoma de ChihuahuaChihuahuaMéxico
| | - L. M. Carrillo‐López
- Facultad de Zootecnia y EcologíaUniversidad Autónoma de ChihuahuaChihuahuaMéxico
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaMéxico CityMéxico
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17
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Shang X, Zhou Z, Jiang S, Guo H, Lu Y. Interrelationship between myoglobin oxidation and lipid oxidation during the processing of Cantonese sausage with d-sodium erythorbate. J Sci Food Agric 2020; 100:1022-1029. [PMID: 31646643 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pork is used as raw material to produce Cantonese sausage, and 0.5 or 1 g kg-1 of d-sodium erythorbate is added to the pork meat. In this study the myoglobin oxidation rate, relative metmyoglobin content, heme iron content, redness, pH, free radical content and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) value were measured at different processing times and different content of d-sodium erythorbate. RESULTS It was found that d-sodium erythorbate significantly reduced the free radical content and myoglobin and lipid oxidation rates and increased heme iron levels. When d-sodium erythorbate was added to the sausage, the absorption peak of myoglobin porphyrin shifted left, migrating from 414 to 405 nm. At 72 h, with an increase in the d-sodium erythorbate content, a significant negative correlation was identified between heme iron and the degree of redness (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION During sausage processing, there are strong correlations among TBARS values, free radical content, metmyoglobin levels, heme iron levels, a* and pH at the same d-sodium erythorbate level. At the same processing time, adding d-sodium erythorbate can slow the rate of myoglobin and lipid oxidation and prevent the discoloration of sausage. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Shang
- College of Life Science, Langfang Normal University, Langfang, P. R. China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Diversity, Langfang, P. R. China
| | - Zhiguo Zhou
- College of Life Science, Langfang Normal University, Langfang, P. R. China
| | - Shuhui Jiang
- College of Life Science, Langfang Normal University, Langfang, P. R. China
| | - Hongzhen Guo
- College of Life Science, Langfang Normal University, Langfang, P. R. China
| | - Yanxia Lu
- College of Life Science, Langfang Normal University, Langfang, P. R. China
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18
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Verma AK, Chatli MK, Kumar P, Mehta N. Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Porcine Liver Hydrolysate in Meat Emulsion and Their Influence on Physico-Chemical and Color Deterioration During Refrigeration Storage. J Food Sci 2019; 84:1844-1853. [PMID: 31218699 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Present study explored the quality changes in meat emulsion during storage at refrigerated temperature prepared with inclusion of three different levels of liver protein hydrolysate (LPH) in meat emulsion (LPH-1: 0.03, LPH-2: 0.06, and LPH-3: 0.09%) and compared with control (LPH: 0.00%) and positive control (butylated hydroxytoluene: 0.02% w/w meat emulsion). Physico-chemicals, antioxidant activities, lipid oxidation, color profile, microbial quality, and microbial challenge test (MCT) were assessed for all groups. Results indicated that all evaluated attributes were considerably improved with increase in LPH concentration. Among treated groups, LPH-3 was maintained comparatively better for every attribute assessed during storage studying. Regarding microbial quality, LPH-3 showed (P ≤ 0.05) lower aerobic plate count, coliforms, and yeast mold counts than others. Likewise for MCT, significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower microbial counts were recorded in LPH-3 during storage. Results concluded that LPH can be a good alternative substance for the preservation of meat for lower oxidation activity and bacterial growth. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Meat emulsion is more prone to lipid oxidation and microbial contamination than fresh meat. However, for the preparation of convenient, value added meat products, better utilization of freezed meat and reduced cooking time have enhanced the demand of emulsion-based meat products. Liver protein hydrolysate can be a good alternative substance for the preservation of emulsion-based meat products. Treated groups better retained their physico-chemical properties, color indices, and showed lower oxidation and microbial counts than control. It can be exploited commercially for the preparation of functional foods, nutraceuticals, and cosmeceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh K Verma
- Dept. of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences Univ., Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India.,Dept. of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Univ. of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250110, India
| | - Manish Kumar Chatli
- Dept. of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences Univ., Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Pavan Kumar
- Dept. of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences Univ., Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Nitin Mehta
- Dept. of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences Univ., Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
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19
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Deaver Peterson J, Katz TM. Open-label study assessing the efficacy and tolerability of topical skin care and sun protection alone and in combination with intense pulsed light therapy. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 18:1758-1764. [PMID: 31017734 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intense pulsed light therapy (IPL) decreases facial erythema and telangiectasias associated with rosacea. Topical skin care products decrease facial erythema by the action of active ingredients and masking effects. OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy and tolerability of combining a topical skin care regimen (TSCR) comprised of a multifunctional three-in-one facial cream and a mineral-based brush-on SPF50 powder sunscreen with a single IPL treatment for treating mild-to-severe facial redness associated with rosacea. METHODS Twenty female subjects with Fitzpatrick skin types I-III received TSCR monotherapy for 12 weeks. At that time, subjects received a single IPL treatment and continued TSCR for 6 additional weeks. Subjects were evaluated at Baseline and at Weeks 4, 8, 12, and 18. RESULTS Using a 7-point redness scale, the overall mean (SD) redness score significantly improved from 3.05 (0.97) at baseline to 2.05 (0.76) at Week 18 (P < 0.01). There was a decrease in investigator-rated erythema from baseline (bare skin) to Week 12 (bare skin, before IPL) when TSCR was used as monotherapy which did not achieve significance (P = 0.12). Most subjects (80%) were satisfied or Very satisfied with the TSCR at Week 18. All subjects (100%) agreed that it improved their baseline skin redness and most (85%) would recommend TSCR to others. TSCR was well-tolerated with no significant changes in skin dryness, scaling, or itching. Mild burning occurred immediately following the IPL treatment at Week 12. CONCLUSION TSCR in combination with a single IPL treatment produced a significant improvement in overall facial redness in patients with rosacea. Longer-term treatment with TSCR may produce continued improvement.
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20
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Abreu VKG, Pereira ALF, de Freitas ER, Trevisan MTS, da Costa JMC, Cruz CEB. Lipid and color stability of the meat and sausages of broiler fed with calcium anacardate. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:2124-2131. [PMID: 30298680 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anacardic acid, a phenolic compound, represents 90% of cashew nut shell liquid, which is a byproduct from the industrial processing of cashew nuts. This study aimed to add calcium anacardate (CA) to broilers' diets as a source of anacardic acid, to evaluate its antioxidant effect in breast meat and in processed meat products (sausages). For this purpose, birds were fed according to the following treatments: diet without antioxidant and diets containing 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, or 10.0 g kg-1 CA. Chicken breast meat was stored frozen for 90 days. The thigh and drumsticks were used to produce chicken sausages that were kept in refrigerated conditions for 90 days. Lipid oxidation and color stability were assessed every 30 days. RESULTS For breast meat, a 2.5 g kg-1 concentration of CA was insufficient to retard lipid oxidation, whereas 10.0 g kg-1 gave rise to a pro-oxidant effect and 5.0 g kg-1 slowed the oxidation up to 50 days. A level of 7.5 g kg-1 of CA was effective in retarding oxidation, favoring colour stability during the 90-days frozen storage. For sausages, 2.5 g kg-1 of calcium anacardate in broiler diets was sufficient to retard lipid oxidation. Calcium anacardate 7.5 g kg-1 provided greater redness in the sausages compared with the control and with the other treatments containing 5.0 and 10.0 g kg-1 . CONCLUSIONS Calcium anacardate is a potential natural antioxidant for breast meat and sausages in storage when added to broilers' diets. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgínia Kelly G Abreu
- Food Engineering Course, Federal University of Maranhão, Social Science, Health, and Technology Center, Universidade Avenue, Imperatriz, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia F Pereira
- Food Engineering Course, Federal University of Maranhão, Social Science, Health, and Technology Center, Universidade Avenue, Imperatriz, Brazil
| | - Ednardo R de Freitas
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Agricultural Sciences Center, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Maria Teresa S Trevisan
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Agricultural Sciences Center, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - José Maria C da Costa
- Department of Food Technology, Federal University of Ceará, Agricultural Sciences Center, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo B Cruz
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Agricultural Sciences Center, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, Brazil
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21
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Hernandez-Pigeon H, Garidou L, Galliano MF, Delga H, Aries MF, Duplan H, Bessou-Touya S, Castex-Rizzi N. Effects of dextran sulfate, 4-t-butylcyclohexanol, pongamia oil and hesperidin methyl chalcone on inflammatory and vascular responses implicated in rosacea. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2018; 11:421-429. [PMID: 30233225 PMCID: PMC6135068 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s168621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Rosacea is a chronic facial skin disorder characterized by inflammation and vascular abnormalities. The pathophysiology of rosacea involves increased activation of the capsaicin receptor, TRPV1, the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, and cathelicidin LL-37, MMP-9, and KLKs. We evaluated the activity of four compounds (dextran sulfate, 4-t-butylcyclohexanol [BCH; TRP-regulin®], pongamia oil, and hesperidin methyl chalcone [HMC]) on inflammatory and vascular responses implicated in rosacea. Materials and methods The anti-inflammatory activity of dextran sulfate was evaluated on PGE2 production after PMA stimulation of NCTC-2544 keratinocytes, and on normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) after proinflammatory stimulation to mimic a rosacea environment. The anti-angiogenic activity of dextran sulfate was measured by analyzing pseudotube formation in co-cultured human microvascular endothelial cells/normal human dermal fibroblasts. HMC modulation of vascular responses and IL-8 cytokine production after SP stimulation was evaluated in human skin explants. We also assessed the effect of BCH on TRPV1 activation, and the effect of combined BCH and pongamia oil on the inflammatory response of NHEKs. Results Dextran sulfate strongly and significantly inhibited PMA-induced PGE2 production, inhibited KLK5 and MMP-9 mRNA expression, and IL-8, IL-1α and VEGF production, and displayed a highly significant inhibitory effect on VEGF-induced pseudotube formation. In SP-stimulated human skin explants, HMC significantly decreased the proportion of dilated vessels, total vessel area, and IL-8 production. BCH significantly and dose-dependently inhibited TRPV1 activation, and BCH and pongamia oil inhibited CXCL1 and CXCL6 mRNA expression and IL-8 production in NHEKs. Combined BCH/pongamia oil inhibited IL-8 production synergistically. Conclusion These in vitro results showed that dextran sulfate, BCH, pongamia oil and HMC, possess complementary soothing and anti-redness properties, supporting their combination in Avène redness-relief cosmetic products for sensitive skin prone to redness, and for topical adjunctive rosacea treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucile Garidou
- Department of Pharmacology, Pierre FABRE Dermo-Cosmétique R&D Center, Toulouse, France,
| | | | - Hélène Delga
- Department of Pharmacology, Pierre FABRE Dermo-Cosmétique R&D Center, Toulouse, France,
| | - Marie-Françoise Aries
- Department of Pharmacology, Pierre FABRE Dermo-Cosmétique R&D Center, Toulouse, France,
| | - Hélène Duplan
- Department of Pharmacology, Pierre FABRE Dermo-Cosmétique R&D Center, Toulouse, France,
| | - Sandrine Bessou-Touya
- Department of Pharmacology, Pierre FABRE Dermo-Cosmétique R&D Center, Toulouse, France,
| | - Nathalie Castex-Rizzi
- Department of Pharmacology, Pierre FABRE Dermo-Cosmétique R&D Center, Toulouse, France,
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Vissing ACE, Dierickx C, Karmisholt KE, Haedersdal M. Topical brimonidine reduces IPL-induced erythema without affecting efficacy: A randomized controlled trial in patients with facial telangiectasias. Lasers Surg Med 2018; 50:1002-1009. [PMID: 29911352 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laser and intense pulsed light (IPL) are standard symptomatic treatments for superficial telangiectasias, but postoperative erythema, oedema, and pain may prolong downtime. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether topical brimonidine reduces IPL-induced inflammation in patients with moderate to severe facial telangiectasias. METHODS A randomized, two-centre, single-blinded, split-face trial on adjuvant brimonidine and air-cooling versus air-cooling alone (control) in 19 patients treated in Denmark (n = 10 patients) and Belgium (n = 9). Brimonidine was applied to the allocated side after each of three facial IPL-treatments, given at 3-week intervals. Patients were assessed up to 1 month after the final treatment. Outcome measures included blinded clinical on-site evaluation of erythema and oedema (5-point-scales), objective erythema-scores (red-filter analysis), patient-evaluated pain (Visual Analogue Scale), IPL-efficacy (blinded photo-evaluation of telangiectasia clearance), and patient preference. RESULTS In total, 19 patients were enrolled and completed the study. IPL induced moderate to severe erythema after each treatment. Application of brimonidine, reduced erythema to baseline values compared to air-cooling alone and sustained efficacy 24 hours after treatment (median difference reduction: score 1 at each assessment, P ≤ 0.022). Objective erythema-scores supported clinical findings, demonstrating a median erythema reduction of 50-95% after application of brimonidine and air-cooling compared to 9-28% reduction after air-cooling alone (P ≥ 0.002). No difference in reduction of IPL-induced oedema was observed between facial sides (P ≥ 0.227). Brimonidine and air-cooling slightly and consistently reduced postoperative pain compared to air-cooling alone (VAS 1.0 after brimonidine versus VAS 1.5-2.0 after air-cooling alone at treatment 1-3, P ≤ 0.032). At 1-month follow-up, patients experienced excellent clearance of telangiectasias (75-100% clearance) on both facial sides (P = 1.000). Patient preference supported clinical data and 79% of patients preferred brimonidine to control (P = 0.019). CONCLUSION Compared to air-cooling alone, adjuvant brimonidine reduces IPL-induced erythema and associated pain while maintaining a high IPL-efficacy. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:1002-1009, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Merete Haedersdal
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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23
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Feng CH, Makino Y, Yoshimura M, Rodríguez-Pulido FJ. Real-time prediction of pre-cooked Japanese sausage color with different storage days using hyperspectral imaging. J Sci Food Agric 2018; 98:2564-2572. [PMID: 29030975 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Redness can greatly influence the freshness of sausages. A precise, rapid and noncontact analytical method or tool is needed to quantify the color. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is an emerging technique that integrates spectroscopy and imaging to obtain the spectral and spatial information simultaneously. In the present study, the redness of cooked sausages stored up to 57 days was predicted using HSI in tandem with multivariate data analysis. The mean spectra of the sausages were extracted from the hyperspectral images. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) and forward stepwise multiple regression (FSMR) models were used to develop the relavent spectral profiles with the redness of the cooked sausages. RESULTS Ten important wavelengths were selected based on the regression coefficient values from the PLSR model. The PLSR model established using the full wavelengths presented a good performance, with Rc of 0.934 and a root mean square error of calibration of 0.642 (redness ranged between 14.99 and 21.48). The prediction maps for demonstrating evolution of redness in sausages were developed for the first time using R statistics (R Foundation for Statistical Computing) and Matlab (MathWorks Inc., Natick, MA, USA). CONCLUSION HSI combined with PLSR and FSMR can be used to quantify and visualize evolution of sausage redness under different storage days. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Hui Feng
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yucheng District, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Yoshio Makino
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Yoshimura
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Francisco J Rodríguez-Pulido
- Food Color & Quality Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
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Zhai Y, Huang J, Khan IA, Guo Y, Huang M, Zhou G. Shelf-Life of Boiled Salted Duck Meat Stored Under Normal and Modified Atmosphere. J Food Sci 2017; 83:147-152. [PMID: 29178485 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the physicochemical properties and changes in the microbial counts of boiled salted duck (BSD) meat packed under various conditions. BSD meat was stored under normal atmosphere (C) and two modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) conditions: M1 (N2 , 100%) and M2 (CO2 /N2 , 30%/70%) at 4 °C. Microbiological quality, pH, redness, lipid oxidation, headspace gas composition, and water activity of BSD meat were measured. The results showed that the time to reach the maximum acceptable total viable counts (TVC, 4.9 log CFU/g) was 12, 18, and 21 d in C, M1, and M2 samples, respectively. Significant difference in the redness values was observed in all treatments during storage. The redness value of C group was significantly lower than that in M1 and M2 groups at the end of storage. The thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) values under MAP were 0.24 to 0.26 mg MDA/kg meat at the end of storage, lower (P < 0.05) than that in C group (0.78 mg MDA/kg meat). The water activity in M2 group was the lowest among all 3 groups. The CO2 concentration in M2 decreased significantly during storage. Our study demonstrates that packaging with 30% CO2 and 70% N2 (M2) could extend the shelf-life of BSD meat to 21 d during storage at 4 °C, suggesting that MAP can be a practical approach to extend the shelf-life and maintain the quality of BSD products. PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study evaluated the application of MAP for a cooked duck product. Our results showed that MAP can be utilized to extend the shelf-life. This technology may be used for preservation of other cooked meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhai
- Nanjing Innovation Center of Meat Products Processing, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, and College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jichao Huang
- Nanjing Innovation Center of Meat Products Processing, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, and College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Iftikhar Ali Khan
- Nanjing Innovation Center of Meat Products Processing, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, and College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Guo
- Nanjing Innovation Center of Meat Products Processing, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, and College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Huang
- Nanjing Innovation Center of Meat Products Processing, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, and College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghong Zhou
- Nanjing Innovation Center of Meat Products Processing, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, and College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
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Choi YS, Kim TK, Jeon KH, Park JD, Kim HW, Hwang KE, Kim YB. Effects of Pre-Converted Nitrite from Red Beet and Ascorbic Acid on Quality Characteristics in Meat Emulsions. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2017; 37:288-296. [PMID: 28515652 PMCID: PMC5434215 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2017.37.2.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of fermented red beet extract and ascorbic acid on color development in meat emulsions. The pH of meat emulsions containing red beet extract decreased with an increase in the amount of extract added. The redness of the treated meat emulsions was higher than that of the control with no added nitrite or fermented red beet extract (p<0.05), though the redness of the meat emulsions treated with fermented red beet extract only was lower than in that treated with both fermented red beet extract and ascorbic acid (p<0.05). The highest VBN, TBARS, and total viable count values were observed in the control, and these values in the meat emulsions treated with fermented red beet extract were higher than in that treated with both fermented red beet extract and ascorbic acid (p<0.05). E. coli and coliform bacteria were not found in any of the meat emulsions tested. Treatment T2, containing nitrite and ascorbic acid, had the highest overall acceptability score (p<0.05); however, there was no significant difference between the T2 treatment and the T6 treatment, which contained 10% pre-converted nitrite from red beet extract and 0.05% ascorbic acid (p>0.05). The residual nitrite content of the meat emulsions treated with ascorbic acid was lower than in those treated without ascorbic acid (p<0.05). Thus, the combination of fermented red beet extract and ascorbic acid could be a viable alternative to synthetic nitrite for the stability of color development in meat emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Sang Choi
- Food Processing Research Center, Korean Food Research Institute, Seongnam 13539, Korea
| | - Tae-Kyung Kim
- Food Processing Research Center, Korean Food Research Institute, Seongnam 13539, Korea
| | - Ki-Hong Jeon
- Food Processing Research Center, Korean Food Research Institute, Seongnam 13539, Korea
| | - Jong-Dae Park
- Food Processing Research Center, Korean Food Research Institute, Seongnam 13539, Korea
| | - Hyun-Wook Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Ko-Eun Hwang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Young-Boong Kim
- Food Processing Research Center, Korean Food Research Institute, Seongnam 13539, Korea
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26
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Kim TK, Kim YB, Jeon KH, Park JD, Sung JM, Choi HW, Hwang KE, Choi YS. Effect of Fermented Spinach as Sources of Pre-Converted Nitrite on Color Development of Cured Pork Loin. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2017; 37:105-113. [PMID: 28316477 PMCID: PMC5355574 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2017.37.1.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of fermented spinach extracts on color development in cured meats was investigated in this study. The pH values of raw cured meats without addition of fermented spinach extract or nitrite (negative control) were higher (p<0.05) than those added with fermented spinach extract. The pH values of raw and cooked cured meats in treatment groups were decreased with increasing addition levels of fermented spinach extract. The lightness and yellowness values of raw cured meats formulated with fermented spinach extract were higher (p<0.05) than those of the control groups (both positive and negative controls). The redness values of cooked cured meats were increased with increasing fermented spinach extract levels, whereas the yellowness values of cooked cured meats were decreased with increasing levels of fermented spinach extract. The lowest volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values were observed in the positive control group with addition of nitrite. TBARS values of cured meats added with fermented spinach extract were decreased with increasing levels of fermented spinach extract and VBN values of curing meat with 30% fermented spinach extract was lower than the other treatments. Total viable bacterial counts in cured meats added with fermented spinach extract ranged from 0.34-1.01 Log CFU/g. E. coli and coliform bacteria were not observed in any of the cured meats treated with fermented spinach extracts or nitrite. Residual nitrite contents in treatment groups were increased with increasing levels of fermented spinach extract added. These results demonstrated that fermented spinach could be added to meat products to improve own curing characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Kyung Kim
- Food Processing Research Center, Korean Food Research Institute, Seongnam 13539, Korea
| | - Young-Boong Kim
- Food Processing Research Center, Korean Food Research Institute, Seongnam 13539, Korea
| | - Ki-Hong Jeon
- Food Processing Research Center, Korean Food Research Institute, Seongnam 13539, Korea
| | - Jong-Dae Park
- Food Processing Research Center, Korean Food Research Institute, Seongnam 13539, Korea
| | - Jung-Min Sung
- Food Processing Research Center, Korean Food Research Institute, Seongnam 13539, Korea
| | - Hyun-Wook Choi
- Food Processing Research Center, Korean Food Research Institute, Seongnam 13539, Korea
| | - Ko-Eun Hwang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Yun-Sang Choi
- Food Processing Research Center, Korean Food Research Institute, Seongnam 13539, Korea
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27
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Hilmi MR, Che Azemin MZ, Mohd Kamal K, Mohd Tamrin MI, Abdul Gaffur N, Tengku Sembok TM. Prediction of Changes in Visual Acuity and Contrast Sensitivity Function by Tissue Redness after Pterygium Surgery. Curr Eye Res 2017; 42:852-856. [PMID: 28118054 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2016.1250277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this study was to predict visual acuity (VA) and contrast sensitivity function (CSF) with tissue redness grading after pterygium surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 67 primary pterygium participants were selected from patients who visited an ophthalmology clinic. We developed a semi-automated computer program to measure the pterygium fibrovascular redness from digital pterygium images. The final outcome of this software is a continuous scale grading of 1 (minimum redness) to 3 (maximum redness). The region of interest (ROI) was selected manually using the software. Reliability was determined by repeat grading of all 67 images, and its association with CSF and VA was examined. RESULTS The mean and standard deviation of redness of the pterygium fibrovascular images was 1.88 ± 0.55. Intra-grader and inter-grader reliability estimates were high with intraclass correlation ranging from 0.97 to 0.98. The new grading was positively associated with CSF (p < 0.01) and VA (p < 0.01). The redness grading was able to predict 25% and 23% of the variance in the CSF and the VA, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The new grading of pterygium fibrovascular redness can be reliably measured from digital images and showed a good correlation with CSF and VA. The redness grading can be used in addition to the existing pterygium grading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Radzi Hilmi
- a Department of Optometry and Visual Science , Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) , Kuantan , Pahang , Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zulfaezal Che Azemin
- a Department of Optometry and Visual Science , Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) , Kuantan , Pahang , Malaysia
| | - Khairidzan Mohd Kamal
- b Department of Ophthalmology , Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) , Kuantan , Pahang , Malaysia
| | - Mohd Izzuddin Mohd Tamrin
- c Kulliyyah of Information and Communication Technology , International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) , Gombak , Malaysia
| | - Norfazrina Abdul Gaffur
- a Department of Optometry and Visual Science , Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) , Kuantan , Pahang , Malaysia
| | - Tengku Mohd Tengku Sembok
- d Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Defence Science and Technology , National Defence University of Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
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28
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Hon KL, Luk CKD, Tsang YC, Pong NH, Leung TF. Objective measurement of two clinical signs in childhood atopic eczema in research and therapeutics. J DERMATOL TREAT 2016; 28:47-49. [PMID: 27151659 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2016.1178376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) or eczema is an inflammatory skin disease associated with significant impairment of quality of life. It is important to objectively quantify cutaneous biophysical measurements in research and therapeutics of this disease. OBJECTIVE To evaluate if skin redness (erythema) and pigmentation (melanin) correlate with disease severity and quality of life. METHODS Redness and pigmentation were measured under standardized condition at the antecubital flexure. Nottingham Eczema Severity Score (NESS) and Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) were documented. RESULTS Pigmentation correlated with age (r = 0.38, p = 0.02), but not with disease severity (NESS) or quality of life (CDLQI). Erythema correlated with age (r = 0.53, p = 0.001), NESS (r = 0.44, p = 0.006), pigmentation (r = 0.62, p< 0.0001), but not CDLQI (r = 0.3, trend p = 0.087). CONCLUSIONS Skin erythema and pigmentation increase with age. Erythema correlates with disease severity but pigmentation correlates with neither severity nor quality-of-life score. The objective measurement of these two signs does not replace the clinical measurements of severity and quality of life, and may be of limited scope in eczema research and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kam Lun Hon
- a Department of Paediatrics , The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital , Shatin , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Chi Kong David Luk
- b Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine , United Christian Hospital , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Yin Ching Tsang
- a Department of Paediatrics , The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital , Shatin , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | | | - Ting Fan Leung
- a Department of Paediatrics , The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital , Shatin , Hong Kong SAR , China
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29
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Foolad N, Prakash N, Shi VY, Kamangar F, Wang Q, Li CS, Sivamani RK. The use of facial modeling and analysis to objectively quantify facial redness. J Cosmet Dermatol 2015; 15:43-8. [PMID: 26534767 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The reproducible evaluation of facial redness is critical to the assessment of erythematotelangiectatic rosacea. Assessments have typically focused on the use of photography with the use of semi-quantitative grading scales based on evaluator rating. However, few studies have utilized computer-based algorithms to evaluate facial redness. AIM The purpose of this clinical study was to assess whether there is correlation between clinical grading of facial redness to the assessment of a quantitative computer-based facial modeling and measurement. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this prospective study, a set of high-resolution facial photographs and cross-polarized subsurface photographs for erythema detection were obtained for 31 study participants. A computer algorithm was then utilized to detect and quantify facial redness in the photographs and compare this to semi-quantitative evaluator-based grading for facial redness. RESULTS There was a strong correlation between computer-based cross-polarized subsurface erythema quantification and clinical grading for redness intensity (Clinical Erythema Assessment), redness distribution, and overall redness severity (Modified Clinical Erythema Assessment). CONCLUSION Overall, facial redness measurements by facial imaging and computer analysis correlated well to clinical grading scales for both redness intensity and distribution. Future studies should incorporate facial modeling and analysis tools for assessments in clinical studies to introduce greater objectivity and quantitative analysis in facial erythema-based analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Foolad
- Department of Dermatology, University of California - Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Neha Prakash
- Department of Dermatology, University of California - Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Vivian Y Shi
- Department of Dermatology, University of California - Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Faranak Kamangar
- Department of Dermatology, University of California - Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Qinlu Wang
- Department of Statistics, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Chin-Shang Li
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California - Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Raja K Sivamani
- Department of Dermatology, University of California - Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
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