1
|
Sikder S, Pierce D, Sarkar ER, McHugh C, Quinlan KGR, Giacomin P, Loukas A. Regulation of host metabolic health by parasitic helminths. Trends Parasitol 2024; 40:386-400. [PMID: 38609741 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide pandemic and major risk factor for the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D requires lifelong medical support to limit complications and is defined by impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance (IR), and chronic low-level systemic inflammation initiating from adipose tissue. The current preventative strategies include a healthy diet, controlled physical activity, and medication targeting hyperglycemia, with underexplored underlying inflammation. Studies suggest a protective role for helminth infection in the prevention of T2D. The mechanisms may involve induction of modified type 2 and regulatory immune responses that suppress inflammation and promote insulin sensitivity. In this review, the roles of helminths in counteracting MetS, and prospects for harnessing these protective mechanisms for the development of novel anti-diabetes drugs are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suchandan Sikder
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4878, Australia.
| | - Doris Pierce
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4878, Australia
| | - Eti R Sarkar
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4878, Australia; College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4878, Australia
| | - Connor McHugh
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4878, Australia; College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4878, Australia
| | - Kate G R Quinlan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Paul Giacomin
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4878, Australia; Macrobiome Therapeutics Pty Ltd, Cairns, Queensland 4878, Australia
| | - Alex Loukas
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4878, Australia; Macrobiome Therapeutics Pty Ltd, Cairns, Queensland 4878, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Palomares F, Pérez-Sánchez N, Nieto N, Núñez R, Cañas JA, Martín-Astorga MDC, Cruz-Amaya A, Torres MJ, Eguíluz-Gracia I, Mayorga C, Gómez F. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells are key in lipid transfer protein allergy pathogenesis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1385101. [PMID: 38725998 PMCID: PMC11079275 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1385101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Immunopathology in food allergy is characterized by an uncontrolled type 2 immune response and specific-IgE production. Recent studies have determined that group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) participate in the food allergy pathogenic mechanism and their severity. Our objective was to investigate the role of ILC2 in peach-allergic patients due to non-specific lipid transfer protein (Pru p 3) sensitization. Methods The immune response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was characterized in lipid transfer protein-allergic patients and healthy controls. We have analyzed the Pru p 3 uptake on ILC2, the expression of costimulatory molecules, and their involvement on the T-cell proliferative response and cytokine production under different experimental conditions: cytokines involved in group 2 innate lymphoid cell activation (IL-33 and IL-25), Pru p 3 as main food allergen, and the combination of both components (IL-33/IL-25+Pru p 3) using cell sorting, EliSpot, flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy. Results Our results show that Pru p 3 allergen is taken up by group 2 innate lymphoid cells, regulating their costimulatory molecule expression (CD83 and HLA-DR) depending on the presence of Pru p 3 and its combination with IL-33/IL-25. The Pru p 3-stimulated ILC2 induced specific GATA3+Th2 proliferation and cytokine (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) production in lipid transfer protein-allergic patients in a cell contact-dependent manner with no changes in Tbet+Th1- and FOXP3+Treg cell differentiation. Conclusions The results indicate that in lipid transfer protein-allergic patients, the responsible allergen, Pru p 3, interacts with group 2 innate lymphoid cells, promoting a Th2 cell response. Our results might be of interest in vivo, as they show a role of group 2 innate lymphoid cells as antigen-presenting cells, contributing to the development of food allergy. Consequently, group 2 innate lymphoid cells may be considered as potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Palomares
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA Plataforma Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (BIONAND), Málaga, Spain
| | - Natalia Pérez-Sánchez
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA Plataforma Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (BIONAND), Málaga, Spain
- Allergy Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Malaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Nazaret Nieto
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA Plataforma Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (BIONAND), Málaga, Spain
| | - Rafael Núñez
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA Plataforma Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (BIONAND), Málaga, Spain
| | - José Antonio Cañas
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA Plataforma Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (BIONAND), Málaga, Spain
| | - María del Carmen Martín-Astorga
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA Plataforma Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (BIONAND), Málaga, Spain
- Medicine Department, Universidad de Málaga-UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Anyith Cruz-Amaya
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA Plataforma Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (BIONAND), Málaga, Spain
| | - María José Torres
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA Plataforma Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (BIONAND), Málaga, Spain
- Allergy Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Malaga, Málaga, Spain
- Medicine Department, Universidad de Málaga-UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Ibon Eguíluz-Gracia
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA Plataforma Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (BIONAND), Málaga, Spain
- Allergy Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Malaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Cristobalina Mayorga
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA Plataforma Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (BIONAND), Málaga, Spain
- Allergy Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Malaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisca Gómez
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA Plataforma Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (BIONAND), Málaga, Spain
- Allergy Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Malaga, Málaga, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen H, Cao Z, Liu M, Diamond MS, Jin X. The impact of helminth-induced immunity on infection with bacteria or viruses. Vet Res 2023; 54:87. [PMID: 37789420 PMCID: PMC10548622 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-023-01216-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Different human and animal pathogens trigger distinct immune responses in their hosts. The infection of bacteria or viruses can trigger type I pro-inflammatory immune responses (e.g., IFN-γ, TNF-α, TH1 cells), whereas infection by helminths typically elicits a type II host resistance and tolerizing immune response (e.g., IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, TH2 cells). In some respects, the type I and II immune responses induced by these different classes of pathogens are antagonistic. Indeed, recent studies indicate that infection by helminths differentially shapes the response and outcome of subsequent infection by viruses and bacteria. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on how helminth infections influence concurrent or subsequent microbial infections and also discuss the implications for helminth-mediated immunity on the outcome of SARS-CoV-2 disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zengguo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Mingyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Departments of Medicine, Molecular Microbiology, Pathology, and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xuemin Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Topczewska PM, Rompe ZA, Jakob MO, Stamm A, Leclère PS, Preußer A, Duerr CU, Thole LML, Kotsch K, Artis D, Klose CSN. ILC2 require cell-intrinsic ST2 signals to promote type 2 immune responses. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1130933. [PMID: 37063913 PMCID: PMC10104602 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1130933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The initiation of type 2 immune responses at mucosal barriers is regulated by rapidly secreted cytokines called alarmins. The alarmins IL-33, IL-25 and TSLP are mainly secreted by stromal and epithelial cells in tissues and were linked to chronic inflammatory diseases, such as allergic lung inflammation, or to resistance against worm infections. Receptors for alarmins are expressed by a variety of immune cells, including group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), an early source of the type 2 cytokines, such as IL-5 and IL-13, which have been linked to atopic diseases and anti-worm immunity as well. However, the precise contribution of the IL-33 receptor signals for ILC2 activation still needs to be completed due to limitations in targeting genes in ILC2. Using the newly established Nmur1 iCre-eGFP mouse model, we obtained specific conditional genetic ablation of the IL-33 receptor subunit ST2 in ILC2s. ST2-deficient ILC2s were unresponsive to IL-33 but not to stimulation with the alarmin IL-25. As a result of defective ST2 signals, ILC2s produced limited amounts of IL-5 and IL-13 and failed to support eosinophil homeostasis. Further, ST2-deficient ILC2s were unable to expand and promote the recruitment of eosinophils during allergic lung inflammation provoked by papain administration. During infection with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, ILC2-intrinsic ST2 signals were required to mount an effective type 2 immune response against the parasite leading to higher susceptibility against worm infection in conditional knockout mice. Therefore, this study argues for a non-redundant role of cell-intrinsic ST2 signals triggering proper activation of ILC2 for initiation of type 2 immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja M. Topczewska
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Hindenburgdamm, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zoe A. Rompe
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Hindenburgdamm, Berlin, Germany
| | - Manuel O. Jakob
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Hindenburgdamm, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anton Stamm
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Hindenburgdamm, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pierre S. Leclère
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Hindenburgdamm, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexandra Preußer
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Hindenburgdamm, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia U. Duerr
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Hindenburgdamm, Berlin, Germany
| | - Linda Marie Laura Thole
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department for General and Visceral Surgery, Hindenburgdamm, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Kotsch
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department for General and Visceral Surgery, Hindenburgdamm, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Artis
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Christoph S. N. Klose
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Hindenburgdamm, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
McColl LF, Chen X, Solga MD, Schlegel K, Haughey SP, Lobo PI, Fread K, Zunder E, Cha R, Park S, Christophel JJ, Cui Q, Dighe AS. BMP-6 promotes type 2 immune response during enhancement of rat mandibular bone defect healing. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1064238. [PMID: 36845161 PMCID: PMC9950738 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1064238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are used as key therapeutic agents for the treatment of difficult fractures. While their effects on osteoprogenitors are known, little is known about their effects on the immune system. Methods We used permutations of BMP-6 (B), vascular endothelial growth factor (V), and Hedgehog signaling pathway activator smoothened agonist (S), to treat a rat mandibular defect and investigated healing outcomes at week 8, in correlation with the cellular landscape of the immune cells in the fracture callus at week 2. Results Maximum recruitment of immune cells to the fracture callus is known to occur at week 2. While the control, S, V, and VS groups remained as nonunions at week 8; all BMP-6 containing groups - B, BV, BS and BVS, showed near-complete to complete healing. This healing pattern was strongly associated with significantly higher ratios of CD4 T (CD45+CD3+CD4+) to putative CD8 T cells (CD45+CD3+CD4-), in groups treated with any permutation of BMP-6. Although, the numbers of putative M1 macrophages (CD45+CD3-CD11b/c+CD38high) were significantly lower in BMP-6 containing groups in comparison with S and VS groups, percentages of putative - Th1 cells or M1 macrophages (CD45+CD4+IFN-γ+) and putative - NK, NKT or cytotoxic CD8T cells (CD45+CD4-IFN-γ+) were similar in control and all treatment groups. Further interrogation revealed that the BMP-6 treatment promoted type 2 immune response by significantly increasing the numbers of CD45+CD3-CD11b/c+CD38low putative M2 macrophages, putative - Th2 cells or M2 macrophages (CD45+CD4+IL-4+) cells and putative - mast cells, eosinophils or basophils (CD45+CD4-IL-4+ cells). CD45- non-haematopoietic fractions of cells which encompass all known osteoprogenitor stem cells populations, were similar in control and treatment groups. Discussion This study uncovers previously unidentified regulatory functions of BMP-6 and shows that BMP-6 enhances fracture healing by not only acting on osteoprogenitor stem cells but also by promoting type 2 immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Logan F. McColl
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Xizhao Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Michael D. Solga
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Kailo Schlegel
- Department of Nephrology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Sean P. Haughey
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Peter I. Lobo
- Department of Nephrology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Kristen Fread
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Eli Zunder
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Ryan Cha
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Stephen Park
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - J. Jared Christophel
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Quanjun Cui
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Abhijit S. Dighe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States,*Correspondence: Abhijit S. Dighe,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Du Y, Gao H, He C, Xin S, Wang B, Zhang S, Gong F, Yu X, Pan L, Sun F, Wang W, Xu J. An update on the biological characteristics and functions of tuft cells in the gut. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 10:1102978. [PMID: 36704202 PMCID: PMC9872863 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1102978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestine is a powerful digestive system and one of the most sophisticated immunological organs. Evidence shows that tuft cells (TCs), a kind of epithelial cell with distinct morphological characteristics, play a significant role in various physiological processes. TCs can be broadly categorized into different subtypes depending on different molecular criteria. In this review, we discuss its biological properties and role in maintaining homeostasis in the gastrointestinal tract. We also emphasize its relevance to the immune system and highlight its powerful influence on intestinal diseases, including inflammations and tumors. In addition, we provide fresh insights into future clinical diagnostic and therapeutic strategies related to TCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Du
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengwei He
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuzi Xin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Boya Wang
- Undergraduate Student of 2018 Eight Program of Clinical Medicine, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Sitian Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengrong Gong
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Yu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Luming Pan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fanglin Sun
- Department of Laboratory Animal Research, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Research, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingdong Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Jingdong Xu,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sasse C, Barinberg D, Obermeyer S, Debus A, Schleicher U, Bogdan C. Eosinophils, but Not Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells, Are the Predominant Source of Interleukin 4 during the Innate Phase of Leishmania major Infection. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11080828. [PMID: 35894051 PMCID: PMC9331382 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11080828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-4 plays a central role in the initiation of a type 2 T helper cell (Th2) response, which leads to non-healing and progressive infections with the protozoan parasite Leishmania (L.) major. Here, we tested the hypothesis that type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2), which promote the development of Th2 cells, form an important source of IL-4 early after intradermal or subcutaneous L. major infection. Lineage-marker negative CD90.2+CD127+PD1− ILC2 were readily detectable in the ear or foot skin, but hardly in the draining lymph nodes of both naïve and L. major-infected self-healing C57BL/6 and non-healing BALB/c mice and made up approximately 20% to 30% of all CD45+SiglecF− cells. Dermal ILC2 of C57BL/6 mice expressed the inducible T cell-costimulator (ICOS, CD278), whereas BALB/C ILC2 were positive for the stem cell antigen (Sca)-1. Within the first 5 days of infection, the absolute numbers of ILC2 did not significantly change in the dermis, which is in line with the unaltered expression of cytokines activating (IL-18, IL-25, IL-33, TSLP) or inhibiting ILC2 (IL-27, IFN-γ). At day 5 to 6 post infection, we observed an upregulation of IL-4, but not of IL-5, IL-10 or IL-13 mRNA. Using IL-4-reporter (4get) mice, we found that the production of IL-4 by C57BL/6 or BALB/c mice was largely restricted to CD45+SiglecF+ cells of high granularity, i.e., eosinophils. From these data, we conclude that eosinophils, but not ILC2, are a major innate source of IL-4 at the skin site of L. major infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Sasse
- Mikrobiologisches Institut—Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen und Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Wasserturmstraße 3/5, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (C.S.); (D.B.); (S.O.); (A.D.)
| | - David Barinberg
- Mikrobiologisches Institut—Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen und Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Wasserturmstraße 3/5, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (C.S.); (D.B.); (S.O.); (A.D.)
| | - Stephanie Obermeyer
- Mikrobiologisches Institut—Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen und Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Wasserturmstraße 3/5, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (C.S.); (D.B.); (S.O.); (A.D.)
| | - Andrea Debus
- Mikrobiologisches Institut—Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen und Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Wasserturmstraße 3/5, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (C.S.); (D.B.); (S.O.); (A.D.)
| | - Ulrike Schleicher
- Mikrobiologisches Institut—Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen und Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Wasserturmstraße 3/5, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (C.S.); (D.B.); (S.O.); (A.D.)
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schlossplatz 4, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Correspondence: (U.S.); (C.B.); Tel.: +49-9131-852-3647 (U.S.); +49-9131-852-2551 (C.B.); Fax: +49-9131-852-2573 (U.S. & C.B.)
| | - Christian Bogdan
- Mikrobiologisches Institut—Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen und Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Wasserturmstraße 3/5, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (C.S.); (D.B.); (S.O.); (A.D.)
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schlossplatz 4, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Correspondence: (U.S.); (C.B.); Tel.: +49-9131-852-3647 (U.S.); +49-9131-852-2551 (C.B.); Fax: +49-9131-852-2573 (U.S. & C.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Reichwald JJ, Risch F, Neumann AL, Frohberger SJ, Scheunemann JF, Lenz B, Ehrens A, Strutz W, Schumak B, Hoerauf A, Hübner MP. ILC2s Control Microfilaremia During Litomosoides sigmodontis Infection in Rag2-/- Mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:863663. [PMID: 35757689 PMCID: PMC9222899 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.863663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are inducers of type 2 immune responses, but their role during filarial infection remains unclear. In the present study, we used the Litomosoides sigmodontis rodent model of filariasis to analyze ILC2s during infection in susceptible BALB/c mice that develop a chronic infection with microfilaremia and semi-susceptible C57BL/6 mice that eliminate the filariae shortly after the molt into adult worms and thus do not develop microfilaremia. ILC2s (CD45+ Lineage- TCRβ- CD90.2+ Sca-1+ IL-33R+ GATA-3+) were analyzed in the pleural cavity, the site of L. sigmodontis infection, after the infective L3 larvae reached the pleural cavity (9 days post infection, dpi), after the molt into adult worms (30dpi) and during the peak of microfilaremia (70dpi). C57BL/6 mice had significantly increased ILC2 numbers compared to BALB/c mice at 30dpi, accompanied by substantially higher IL-5 and IL-13 levels, indicating a stronger type 2 immune response in C57BL/6 mice upon L. sigmodontis infection. At this time point the ILC2 numbers positively correlated with the worm burden in both mouse strains. ILC2s and GATA-3+ CD4+ T cells were the dominant source of IL-5 in L. sigmodontis-infected C57BL/6 mice with ILC2s showing a significantly higher IL-5 expression than CD4+ T cells. To investigate the importance of ILC2s during L. sigmodontis infection, ILC2s were depleted with anti-CD90.2 antibodies in T and B cell-deficient Rag2-/- C57BL/6 mice on 26-28dpi and the outcome of infection was compared to isotype controls. Rag2-/- mice were per se susceptible to L. sigmodontis infection with significantly higher worm burden than C57BL/6 mice and developed microfilaremia. Depletion of ILC2s did not result in an increased worm burden in Rag2-/- mice, but led to significantly higher microfilariae numbers compared to isotype controls. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that ILC2s are essentially involved in the control of microfilaremia in Rag2-/- C57BL/6 mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia J Reichwald
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frederic Risch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Neumann
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan J Frohberger
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Johanna F Scheunemann
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Benjamin Lenz
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexandra Ehrens
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany
| | - Wiebke Strutz
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Beatrix Schumak
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Achim Hoerauf
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marc P Hübner
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sylvester M, Son A, Schwartz DM. The Interactions Between Autoinflammation and Type 2 Immunity: From Mechanistic Studies to Epidemiologic Associations. Front Immunol 2022; 13:818039. [PMID: 35281022 PMCID: PMC8907424 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.818039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoinflammatory diseases are a group of clinical syndromes characterized by constitutive overactivation of innate immune pathways. This results in increased production of or responses to monocyte- and neutrophil-derived cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), and Type 1 interferon (IFN). By contrast, clinical allergy is caused by dysregulated type 2 immunity, which is characterized by expansion of T helper 2 (Th2) cells and eosinophils, as well as overproduction of the associated cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13. Traditionally, type 2 immune cells and autoinflammatory effectors were thought to counter-regulate each other. However, an expanding body of evidence suggests that, in some contexts, autoinflammatory pathways and cytokines may potentiate type 2 immune responses. Conversely, type 2 immune cells and cytokines can regulate autoinflammatory responses in complex and context-dependent manners. Here, we introduce the concepts of autoinflammation and type 2 immunity. We proceed to review the mechanisms by which autoinflammatory and type 2 immune responses can modulate each other. Finally, we discuss the epidemiology of type 2 immunity and clinical allergy in several monogenic and complex autoinflammatory diseases. In the future, these interactions between type 2 immunity and autoinflammation may help to expand the spectrum of autoinflammation and to guide the management of patients with various autoinflammatory and allergic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- McKella Sylvester
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Aran Son
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Daniella M Schwartz
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Alam A, Levanduski E, Denz P, Villavicencio HS, Bhatta M, Alhorebi L, Zhang Y, Gomez EC, Morreale B, Senchanthisai S, Li J, Turowski SG, Sexton S, Sait SJ, Singh PK, Wang J, Maitra A, Kalinski P, DePinho RA, Wang H, Liao W, Abrams SI, Segal BH, Dey P. Fungal mycobiome drives IL-33 secretion and type 2 immunity in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Cell 2022; 40:153-167.e11. [PMID: 35120601 PMCID: PMC8847236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
TH2 cells and innate lymphoid cells 2 (ILC2) can stimulate tumor growth by secreting pro-tumorigenic cytokines such as interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, and IL-13. However, the mechanisms by which type 2 immune cells traffic to the tumor microenvironment are unknown. Here, we show that oncogenic KrasG12D increases IL-33 expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells, which recruits and activates TH2 and ILC2 cells. Correspondingly, cancer-cell-specific deletion of IL-33 reduces TH2 and ILC2 recruitment and promotes tumor regression. Unexpectedly, IL-33 secretion is dependent on the intratumoral fungal mycobiome. Genetic deletion of IL-33 or anti-fungal treatment decreases TH2 and ILC2 infiltration and increases survival. Consistently, high IL-33 expression is observed in approximately 20% of human PDAC, and expression is mainly restricted to cancer cells. These data expand our knowledge of the mechanisms driving PDAC tumor progression and identify therapeutically targetable pathways involving intratumoral mycobiome-driven secretion of IL-33.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Alam
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Sts. CGP/BLSC-L5307, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Eric Levanduski
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Sts. CGP/BLSC-L5307, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Parker Denz
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Sts. CGP/BLSC-L5307, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Helena Solleiro Villavicencio
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Sts. CGP/BLSC-L5307, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Maulasri Bhatta
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Sts. CGP/BLSC-L5307, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Lamees Alhorebi
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Sts. CGP/BLSC-L5307, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Yali Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Eduardo Cortes Gomez
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Brian Morreale
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Sts. CGP/BLSC-L5307, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Sharon Senchanthisai
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Sts. CGP/BLSC-L5307, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Steven G Turowski
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Sandra Sexton
- Department of Animal Resources, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Sheila Jani Sait
- Department of Cytogenetics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Prashant K Singh
- Genomics Shared Resource, Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pawel Kalinski
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Sts. CGP/BLSC-L5307, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Ronald A DePinho
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Huamin Wang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wenting Liao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Scott I Abrams
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Sts. CGP/BLSC-L5307, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Brahm H Segal
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Prasenjit Dey
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Sts. CGP/BLSC-L5307, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Huang M, Wu J, Dong J. Modified BuShenYiQi formula alleviates experimental allergic asthma in mice by negative regulation of type 2 innate lymphoid cells and CD4 + type 9 helper T cells and the VIP-VPAC2 signalling pathway. Pharm Biol 2021; 59:1216-1232. [PMID: 34493162 PMCID: PMC8425750 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1970198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Modified BuShenYiQi formula (M-BYF) is derived from BuShenYiQi formula, used for the treatment of allergic asthma. The exact effect and mechanism of M-BYF on the improvement of asthma remain unclear. OBJECTIVE We investigated the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effect of M-BYF on allergic asthma. MATERIALS AND METHODS The asthma model was established in female BALB/c mice that were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA). Mice in the treated groups were orally treated once a day with M-BYF (7, 14 and 28 g/kg/d) or dexamethasone before OVA challenge. Control and Model group received saline. Pathophysiological abnormalities and percentages of lung type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and Th9 cells were measured. Expression levels of type 2 cytokines and transcription factors required for these cells function and differentiation were analysed. Expression of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-VPAC2 signalling pathway-related proteins, and percentages of VIP expressing (VIP+) cells and VPAC2, CD90 co-expressing (VPAC2+CD90+) cells were detected. RESULTS M-BYF alleviated airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, mucus hypersecretion and collagen deposition in asthmatic mice. M-BYF down-regulated percentages of ILC2s and Th9 cells with lower expression of GATA3, PU.1 and IRF4, reduced IL-5, IL-13, IL-9 and VIP production. The decrease in the expression of VIP-VPAC2 signalling pathway and percentages of VIP+ cells, VPAC2+CD90+ cells were observed after M-BYF treatment. The LD50 value of M-BYF was higher than 90 g/kg. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS M-BYF alleviated experimental asthma by negatively regulating ILC2s and Th9 cells and the VIP-VPAC2 signalling pathway. These findings provide the theoretical basis for future research of M-BYF in asthma patient population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhua Huang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinfeng Wu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingcheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Scheurer J, Kitt K, Huber HJ, Fundel-Clemens K, Pflanz S, Debatin KM, Strauss G. Graft-Versus-Host Disease Prevention by In Vitro-Generated Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Is Exclusively Mediated by the CD11b+CD11c+ MDSC Subpopulation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:754316. [PMID: 34721430 PMCID: PMC8551363 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.754316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of myeloid progenitor cells that dampen overwhelming adaptive immune responses through multiple mechanisms and are recognized as an attractive novel immune intervention therapy for counteracting the destructive effects of graft-
versus
-host disease (GVHD) developing after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). MDSCs can be produced in great numbers for cellular therapy, but they present a mixture of subsets whose functions in GVHD prevention are undefined. Here, we generated MDSCs in vitro from murine BM cells in the presence of GM-CSF and defined the integrin CD11c as a marker to subdivide MDSCs into two functional subgroups: CD11b+CD11c+ and CD11b+CD11c− MDSCs. Isolated CD11b+CD11c+ and CD11b+CD11c− MDSCs both inhibited alloantigen-stimulated T-cell proliferation in vitro, although CD11b+CD11c+ MDSCs were more efficient and expressed higher levels of different immunosuppressive molecules. Likewise, expression of surface markers such as MHC class II, CD80, CD86, or PD-L1 further delineated both subsets. Most importantly, only the adoptive transfer of CD11b+CD11c+ MDSCs into a single MHC class I-disparate allogeneic BMT model prevented GVHD development and strongly decreased disease-induced mortality, while CD11b+CD11c− MDSCs were totally ineffective. Surprisingly, allogeneic T-cell homing and expansion in lymphatic and GVHD target organs were not affected by cotransplanted CD11b+CD11c+ MDSCs indicating a clear contradiction between in vitro and in vivo functions of MDSCs. However, CD11b+CD11c+ MDSCs shifted immune responses towards type 2 immunity reflected by increased Th2-specific cytokine expression of allogeneic T cells. Induction of type 2 immunity was mandatory for GVHD prevention, since CD11b+CD11c+ MDSCs were ineffective if recipients were reconstituted with STAT6-deficient T cells unable to differentiate into Th2 cells. Most importantly, the beneficial graft-
versus
-tumor (GVT) effect was maintained in the presence of CD11b+CD11c+ MDSCs since syngeneic tumor cells were efficiently eradicated. Strong differences in the transcriptomic landscape of both subpopulations underlined their functional differences. Defining CD11b+CD11c+ MDSCs as the subset of in vitro-generated MDSCs able to inhibit GVHD development might help to increase efficiency of MDSC therapy and to further delineate relevant target molecules and signaling pathways responsible for GVHD prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Scheurer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kitt
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Immune Modulation, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Co KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Heinrich J Huber
- Global Computational Biology and Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Co KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany.,Drug Discovery Services, Boehringer Ingelheim Regional Center Vienna (RCV) GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katrin Fundel-Clemens
- Global Computational Biology and Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Co KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Stefan Pflanz
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Immune Modulation, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Co KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gudrun Strauss
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Traidl S, Roesner L, Zeitvogel J, Werfel T. Eczema herpeticum in atopic dermatitis. Allergy 2021; 76:3017-3027. [PMID: 33844308 DOI: 10.1111/all.14853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases leading to pruritic skin lesions. A subset of AD patients exhibits a disseminated severe HSV infection called eczema herpeticum (EH) that can cause life-threatening complications. This review gives an overview of the clinical picture, and characteristics of the patients as well as the diagnosis and therapy of EH. A special focus lies on the pathophysiological hallmarks identified so far that predispose for EH. This aspect covers genetic aberrations, immunological changes, and environmental influences displaying a complex multifactorial situation, which is not completely understood. Type 2 skewing of virus-specific T cells in ADEH+ patients has been implicated in immune profile abnormalities, along with impaired functions of dendritic cells and natural killer cells. Furthermore, aberrations in interferon pathway-related genes such as IFNG and IFNGR1 have been identified to increase the risk of EH. IL-4, IL-25, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) are overexpressed in EH, whereas antimicrobial peptides like human β-defensins and LL-37 are reduced. Concerning the epidermal barrier, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in skin barrier proteins such as filaggrin were identified in ADEH+ patients. A dysbalance of the skin microbiome also contributes to EH due to an increase of Staphylococcus aureus, which provides a supporting role to the viral infection via secreted toxins such as α-toxin. The risk of EH is reduced in AD patients treated with dupilumab. Further research is needed to identify and specifically target risk factors for EH in AD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Traidl
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155) Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
| | - Lennart Roesner
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155) Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
| | - Jana Zeitvogel
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155) Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
| | - Thomas Werfel
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155) Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Saracino MP, Vila CC, Baldi PC, González Maglio DH. Searching for the one(s): Using Probiotics as Anthelmintic Treatments. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:714198. [PMID: 34434110 PMCID: PMC8381770 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.714198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Helminths are a major health concern as over one billion people are infected worldwide and, despite the multiple efforts made, there is still no effective human vaccine against them. The most important drugs used nowadays to control helminth infections belong to the benzimidazoles, imidazothiazoles (levamisole) and macrocyclic lactones (avermectins and milbemycins) families. However, in the last 20 years, many publications have revealed increasing anthelmintic resistance in livestock which is both an economical and a potential health problem, even though very few have reported similar findings in human populations. To deal with this worrying limitation of anthelmintic drugs, alternative treatments based on plant extracts or probiotics have been developed. Probiotics are defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization as live microorganisms, which, when consumed in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit to the host. It has been proven that probiotic microbes have the ability to exert an immunomodulatory effect both at the mucosa and the systemic level. The immune response against gastrointestinal helminths is characterized as a type 2 response, with high IgE levels, increased numbers and/or activity of Th2 cells, type 2 innate lymphoid cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, and alternatively activated macrophages. The oral administration of probiotics may contribute to controlling gastrointestinal helminth infections since it has been demonstrated that these microorganisms stimulate dendritic cells to elicit a type 2 or regulatory immune response, among other effects on the host immune system. Here we review the current knowledge about the use of probiotic bacteria as anthelmintic therapy or as a complement to traditional anthelmintic treatments. Considering all research papers reviewed, we may conclude that the effect generated by probiotics on helminth infection depends not only on the parasite species, their stage and localization but also on the administration scheme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Priscila Saracino
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Celeste Vila
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo César Baldi
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Horacio González Maglio
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Helminths are an emerging source of therapeutics for dysregulated inflammatory diseases. Excretory/secretory (ES) molecules, released during infection, are responsible for many of these immunomodulatory effects and are likely to have evolved as a means for parasite survival in the host. While the mechanisms of action of these molecules have not been fully defined, evidence demonstrates that they target various pathways in the immune response, ranging from initiation to effector cell modulation. These molecules are applied in controlling specific effector mechanisms of type 1 and type 2 immune responses. Recently, studies have further focused on their therapeutic potential in specific disease models. Here we review recent findings on ES molecule modulation of immune functions, specifically highlighting their clinical implications for future use in inflammatory disease therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Lothstein
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - William C Gause
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nordengrün M, Abdurrahman G, Treffon J, Wächter H, Kahl BC, Bröker BM. Allergic Reactions to Serine Protease-Like Proteins of Staphylococcus aureus. Front Immunol 2021; 12:651060. [PMID: 33833764 PMCID: PMC8021911 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.651060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In cystic fibrosis (CF) infectious and allergic airway inflammation cause pulmonary exacerbations that destroy the lungs. Staphylococcus aureus is a common long-term colonizer and cause of recurrent airway infections in CF. The pathogen is also associated with respiratory allergy; especially the staphylococcal serine protease-like proteins (Spls) can induce type 2 immune responses in humans and mice. We measured the serum IgE levels specific to 7 proteases of S. aureus by ELISA, targeting 5 Spls (76 CF patients and 46 controls) and the staphopains A and B (16 CF patients and 46 controls). Then we compared cytokine release and phenotype of T cells that had been stimulated with Spls between 5 CF patients and 5 controls. CF patients had strongly increased serum IgE binding to all Spls but not to the staphopains. Compared to healthy controls, their Spl-stimulated T cells released more type 2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) and more IL-6 with no difference in the secretion of type 1- or type 3 cytokines (IFNγ, IL-17A, IL-17F). IL-10 production was low in CF T cells. The phenotype of the Spl-exposed T cells shifted towards a Th2 or Th17 profile in CF but to a Th1 profile in controls. Sensitization to S. aureus Spls is common in CF. This discovery could explain episodes of allergic inflammation of hitherto unknown causation in CF and extend the diagnostic and therapeutic portfolio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Nordengrün
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Goran Abdurrahman
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Janina Treffon
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.,Institute of Hygiene, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hannah Wächter
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Barbara C Kahl
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Barbara M Bröker
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Inflammation is a tissue response to a variety of harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, irritants, and injuries, and can eliminate insults and limit tissue damage. However, dysregulated inflammation is recognized as a cause of many human diseases, exemplified by organ fibrosis and cancer. In this regard, inflammation-promoted fibrosis is commonly observed in human lung diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and pneumoconiosis. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a type of nanomaterials with unique properties and various industrial and commercial applications. On the other hand, certain forms of CNTs are potent inducers of inflammation and fibrosis in animal lungs. Notably, acute inflammation is a remarkable phenotype elicited by CNTs in the lung during the early acute phase post-exposure; whereas a type 2 immune response is evidently activated and dominates during the late acute and chronic phases, leading to type 2 inflammation and lung fibrosis. Numerous studies demonstrate that these immune responses involve distinct immune cells, various pathologic factors, and specific functions and play crucial roles in the initiation and progression of inflammation and fibrosis in the lung exposed to CNTs. Thus, the mechanistic understanding of the immune responses activated by CNTs has drawn great attention in recent years. This article reviews the major findings on the cell signaling pathways that are activated in immune cells and exert functions in promoting immune responses in CNT-exposed lungs, which would provide new insights into the understanding of CNT-induced lung inflammation and inflammation-driven fibrosis, the application of CNT-induced lung inflammation and fibrosis as a new disease model, and the potential of targeting immune cells as a therapeutic strategy for relevant human lung diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Dong
- Receptor Biology Laboratory, Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Al Kindi A, Williams H, Matsuda K, Alkahtani AM, Saville C, Bennett H, Alshammari Y, Tan SY, O'Neill C, Tanaka A, Matsuda H, Arkwright PD, Pennock JL. Staphylococcus aureus second immunoglobulin-binding protein drives atopic dermatitis via IL-33. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 147:1354-1368.e3. [PMID: 33011245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus is the dominant infective trigger of atopic dermatitis (AD). How this bacterium drives type 2 allergic pathology in the absence of infection in patients with AD is unclear. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify the S aureus-derived virulence factor(s) that initiates the cutaneous type 2-promoting immune response responsible for AD. METHODS In vitro human keratinocyte cell culture, ex vivo human skin organ explants, and the eczema-prone Nishiki-nezumi Cinnamon/Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology strain mouse were used as model systems to assess type 2-promoting immune responses to S aureus. Identification of the bioactive factor was accomplished using fast protein liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Bioactivity was confirmed by cloning and expression in an Escherichia coli vector system, and S aureus second immunoglobulin-binding protein (Sbi) mutant strains confirming loss of activity. RESULTS S aureus was unique among staphylococcal species in its ability to induce the rapid release of constitutive IL-33 from human keratinocytes independent of the Toll-like receptor pathway. Using the eczema-prone Nishiki-nezumi Cinnamon/Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology strain mouse model, we showed that IL-33 was essential for inducing the immune response to S aureus in vivo. By fractionation and candidate testing, we identified Sbi as the predominant staphylococcus-derived virulence factor that directly drives IL-33 release from human keratinocytes. Immunohistology of skin demonstrated that corneodesmosin, a component of corneodesmosomes that form key intercellular adhesive structures in the stratum corneum, was disrupted, resulting in reduction of skin barrier function. CONCLUSIONS S aureus-derived Sbi is a unique type 2-promoting virulence factor capable of initiating the type 2-promoting cytokine activity underlying AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arwa Al Kindi
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Williams
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Kenshiro Matsuda
- Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Abdullah M Alkahtani
- Department of Medicine, Microbiology and Parasitology, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Charis Saville
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Hayley Bennett
- Genome Editing Unit, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Yasmine Alshammari
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Soo Y Tan
- National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Catherine O'Neill
- Division of Dermatological and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Akane Tanaka
- Laboratory of Comparative Animal Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Molecular Pathology and Therapeutics, Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Peter D Arkwright
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - Joanne L Pennock
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Reyes-Pavón D, Cervantes-García D, Bermúdez-Humarán LG, Córdova-Dávalos LE, Quintanar-Stephano A, Jiménez M, Salinas E. Protective Effect of Glycomacropeptide on Food Allergy with Gastrointestinal Manifestations in a Rat Model through Down-Regulation of Type 2 Immune Response. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12102942. [PMID: 32992996 PMCID: PMC7601722 DOI: 10.3390/nu12102942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycomacropeptide (GMP) is a bioactive peptide derived from milk κ-casein with immune-modulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Food allergy (FA) is an adverse immune reaction with a broad spectrum of manifestations. Allergen intake induces persistent intestinal inflammation and tissue damage. In this study, the anti-allergic activity of GMP was evaluated using a rat ovalbumin (OVA)-induced FA model with gastrointestinal manifestation. Rats were orally GMP treated from 3 days prior and during FA development. The severity of food anaphylaxis and diarrheal episodes, antibody production and histamine level were measured. Histopathological changes, inflammation and predominant cytokine profile at intestine were analyzed. Oral GMP intake decreased clinical signs and diarrhea severity induced by allergen, with a significant reduction in intestinal edema and expression level of IL-1β and TNF-α. Prophylaxis with GMP also diminished serum anti-OVA IgE and IgG1, and histamine levels. GMP treatment markedly decreased eosinophil infiltration, mast cell and goblet cell hyperplasia, total IgE expression in intestine, and prevented histological changes in villi, crypts and internal muscularis layer. The treatment effectively suppressed IL-5, IL-13 and GATA3 expression and skewed the intestinal cytokine profile toward type 1 and regulatory. These results suggest that GMP may protect against FA through down-regulating the type 2 inflammatory response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Reyes-Pavón
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico; (D.R.-P.); (D.C.-G.); (L.E.C.-D.)
| | - Daniel Cervantes-García
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico; (D.R.-P.); (D.C.-G.); (L.E.C.-D.)
- National Council of Science and Technology, 03940 Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Laura Elena Córdova-Dávalos
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico; (D.R.-P.); (D.C.-G.); (L.E.C.-D.)
| | - Andrés Quintanar-Stephano
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico;
| | - Mariela Jiménez
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico; (D.R.-P.); (D.C.-G.); (L.E.C.-D.)
- Correspondence: (M.J.); (E.S.); Tel.: +52-(449)-910-8424 (E.S.)
| | - Eva Salinas
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Science Center, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico; (D.R.-P.); (D.C.-G.); (L.E.C.-D.)
- Correspondence: (M.J.); (E.S.); Tel.: +52-(449)-910-8424 (E.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kindermann M, Knipfer L, Obermeyer S, Müller U, Alber G, Bogdan C, Schleicher U, Neurath MF, Wirtz S. Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILC2) Suppress Beneficial Type 1 Immune Responses During Pulmonary Cryptococcosis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:209. [PMID: 32117319 PMCID: PMC7034304 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen preferentially causing disease in immunocompromised individuals such as organ-transplant-recipients, patients receiving immunosuppressive medications or, in particular, individuals suffering from HIV infection. Numerous studies clearly indicated that the control of C. neoformans infections is strongly dependent on a prototypic type 1 immune response and classical macrophage activation, whereas type 2-biased immunity and alternative activation of macrophages has been rather implicated in disease progression and detrimental outcomes. However, little is known about regulatory pathways modulating and balancing immune responses during early phases of pulmonary cryptococcosis. Here, we analyzed the role of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) for the control of C. neoformans infection. Using an intranasal infection model with a highly virulent C. neoformans strain, we found that ILC2 numbers were strongly increased in C. neoformans-infected lungs along with induction of a type 2 response. Mice lacking ILC2s due to conditional deficiency of the transcription factor RAR-related orphan receptor alpha (Rora) displayed a massive downregulation of features of type 2 immunity as reflected by reduced levels of the type 2 signature cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 at 14 days post-infection. Moreover, ILC2 deficiency was accompanied with increased type 1 immunity and classical macrophage activation, while the pulmonary numbers of eosinophils and alternatively activated macrophages were reduced in these mice. Importantly, this shift in pulmonary macrophage polarization in ILC2-deficient mice correlated with improved fungal control and prolonged survival of infected mice. Conversely, adoptive transfer of ILC2s was associated with a type 2 bias associated with less efficient anti-fungal immunity in lungs of recipient mice. Collectively, our date indicate a non-redundant role of ILC2 in orchestrating myeloid anti-cryptococcal immune responses toward a disease exacerbating phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Kindermann
- Medizinische Klinik 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lisa Knipfer
- Medizinische Klinik 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephanie Obermeyer
- Mikrobiologisches Institut - Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Uwe Müller
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gottfried Alber
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Bogdan
- Mikrobiologisches Institut - Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schleicher
- Mikrobiologisches Institut - Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Medizinische Klinik 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Wirtz
- Medizinische Klinik 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bouchery T, Harris N. Neutrophil-macrophage cooperation and its impact on tissue repair. Immunol Cell Biol 2020; 97:289-298. [PMID: 30710448 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Immune cells are rapidly recruited to a site of injury or infection. Although the importance of phagocytic immune cells in clearing bacteria has long been appreciated, the advent of technologies allowing more in-depth analysis of cellular function, such as intravital microscopy and the use of genetically modified animal models, has allowed much deeper insight into the complex roles of these cells play during tissue repair. Many immune cells contribute to the repair process; however, this review will concentrate on the involvement of the phagocytes, namely macrophages and neutrophils, with a particular focus on our more recent understanding of how interactions between these two cell types impact on the final outcome of tissue repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Bouchery
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicola Harris
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Arora P, Moll JM, Andersen D, Workman CT, Williams AR, Kristiansen K, Brix S. Body fluid from the parasitic worm Ascaris suum inhibits broad-acting pro-inflammatory programs in dendritic cells. Immunology 2019; 159:322-334. [PMID: 31705653 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are essential for generating T-cell-based immune responses through sensing of potential inflammatory and metabolic cues in the local environment. However, there is still limited insight into the processes defining the resultant DC phenotype, including the type of early transcriptional changes in pro-inflammatory cues towards regulatory or type 2 immune-based cues induced by a variety of exogenous and endogenous molecules. Here we compared the ability of a selected number of molecules to modulate the pro-inflammatory phenotype of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-stimulated human monocyte-derived DCs towards an anti-inflammatory or regulatory phenotype, including Ascaris suum body fluid [helminth pseudocoelomic fluid (PCF)], the metabolites succinate and butyrate, and the type 2 cytokines thymic stromal lymphopoietin and interleukin-25. Our data show that helminth PCF and butyrate treatment suppress the T helper type 1 (Th1)-inducing pro-inflammatory DC phenotype through induction of different transcriptional programs in DCs. RNA sequencing indicated that helminth PCF treatment strongly inhibited the Th1 and Th17 polarizing ability of LPS + IFN-γ-matured DCs by down-regulating myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88)-dependent and MyD88-independent pathways in Toll-like receptor 4 signaling. By contrast, butyrate treatment had a strong Th1-inhibiting action, and transcripts encoding important gut barrier defending factors such as IL18, IL1B and CXCL8 were up-regulated. Collectively, our results further understanding of how compounds from parasites and gut microbiota-derived butyrate may exert immunomodulatory effects on the host immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Arora
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Janne Marie Moll
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Daniel Andersen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Andrew R Williams
- Parasitology and Aquatic Pathobiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karsten Kristiansen
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne Brix
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
van der Zande HJP, Zawistowska-Deniziak A, Guigas B. Immune Regulation of Metabolic Homeostasis by Helminths and Their Molecules. Trends Parasitol 2019; 35:795-808. [PMID: 31492623 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since time immemorial, humans have coevolved with a wide variety of parasitic helminths that have contributed to shape their immune system. The recent eradication of helminth infections in modern societies has coincided with a spectacular rise in inflammatory metabolic diseases, such as obesity, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and type 2 diabetes. Landmark studies in the emerging field of immunometabolism have highlighted the central role of the immune system in regulating metabolic functions, notably in adipose tissue, liver, and the gut. In this review we discuss how helminths, which are among the strongest natural inducers of type 2 immunity, and some of their unique immunomodulatory molecules, may contribute to the maintenance of tissue-specific and whole-body metabolic homeostasis and protection against obesity-associated meta-inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Zawistowska-Deniziak
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bruno Guigas
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. @lumc.nl
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Jang YJ, Lim JY, Kim S, Lee YL, Kweon MN, Kim JH. Enhanced Interferon-β Response Contributes to Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2330. [PMID: 30455684 PMCID: PMC6232691 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferon (IFN-I, including IFN-α and IFN-β) response has been implicated in eosinophilic inflammation, in addition to antiviral function. This study aimed to investigate the role of IFN-I in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS). IFN-α, IFN-β, cytokine expression, and IFN-β cellular localization in the sinonasal tissue from control subjects and ECRS patients with nasal polyps (NP) were determined using real time-PCR, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry. ECRS was induced in wild-type (WT) and IFNAR1 knockout (Ifnar1−/−) mice by intranasal challenge with Aspergillus protease and ovalbumin. Stromal cells cultured from NP tissue were stimulated by exogenous IFN-β, and their CCL11 production and IRF3, IRF7, STAT1, STAT2, and IRF9 gene and/or protein expression were measured. IFN-β, IL-5, IL-13, and CCL11 expression was higher in the NP tissue from ECRS patients, compared to the control group. IFN-β was highly colocalized with the CD11c+ cells in NP. IFN-β levels positively correlated with IL-5, IL-13, and CCL11 levels as well as the number of eosinophils in the NP tissue and CT score. The histological severity of ECRS, levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and CCL11 in the nasal lavage fluid, and total serum IgE levels were less in Ifnar1−/− mice than in WT mice. CCL11 production, and STAT1 and STAT2 mRNA and STAT1, phospho-STAT1, and phospho-STAT2 protein expression were significantly increased by exogenous IFN-β in NP stromal cells. Our data suggest that IFN-β response was upregulated in ECRS and may play role in ECRS development. IFN-β may contribute to ECRS by enhancing CCL11 production. Thus, increased IFN-β response in the sinonasal mucosa may underlie ECRS pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ju Jang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Youn Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seoyeon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoo La Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi-Na Kweon
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Heui Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hua H, Du Y, Ma R, Zhang BB, Yu Q, Li B, Xu JT, Li XY, Tang RX, Yan C, Zheng KY. The Regulatory Roles of Toll-Like Receptor 4 in Secretions of Type 1/Type 2 Relative Cytokines by Splenocytes and Dendritic Cells Exposed to Clonorchis sinensis Excretory/Secretory Products. Inflammation 2018; 41:213-20. [PMID: 29047038 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0679-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The roles of TLR4 in mediation of innate immune response and in regulation of adaptive immune responses triggered by Clonorchis sinensis remain unknown. In the present study, splenocytes derived from C3H/HeN (TLR4 wild ) and C3H/Hej mice (TLR4 mut ) that were infected with 45 metacercariae of C. sinensis were harvested, then stimulated by C. sinensis excretory/secretory products (ESP) or medium (control) for 48 h, respectively. Meanwhile, bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) from normal C3H/HeN and C3H/Hej mice were prepared and stimulated with medium, ESP, LPS, or ESP+LPS for 24 h, respectively. The supernatants were collected, and the concentrations of type 1 and type 2 relative cytokines were determined by ELISA. The maturation of BMDCs indicated by surface markers of CD80, CD86, and MHC II was evaluated by flow cytometry. The results showed that the levels of IFN-γ, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the splenocytes from C. sinensis-infected TLR4 mut mice were significantly lower than those from TLR4 wild mice when they were further exposed to ESP. For BMDCs, the productions of the cytokines IL-12p70 and IL-10, but not IL-4, in the BMDCs from TLR4 mutation mice were predominantly decreased compared with those from TLR4 wild mice when the BMDCs were co-stimulated by ESP combined with LPS. Flow cytometry analysis showed that ESP could significantly decrease the high levels of CD80, CD86, and MHC II which were elevated by LPS. In conclusion, these data suggest that TLR4 may play a regulatory role in type 1 immune responses during C. sinensis infection.
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
T helper (Th) 2-dependent type 2 immune pathways have been recognized as an important driver for the development of fibrosis. Upon stimulation, activated Th2 immune cells and type 2 cytokines interact with inflammatory and tissue repair functions to stimulate an overzealous reparative response to tissue damage, leading to organ fibrosis and destruction. In this connection, type 2 pathways are activated by a variety of insults and pathological conditions to modulate the response. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are nanomaterials with a wide range of applications. However, pulmonary exposure to CNTs causes a number of pathologic outcomes in animal lungs, dominated by inflammation and fibrosis. These findings, alongside the rapidly expanding production and commercialization of CNTs and CNT-containing materials in recent years, have raised concerns on the health risk of CNT exposure in humans. The CNT-induced pulmonary fibrotic lesions resemble those of human fibrotic lung diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and pneumoconiosis, to a certain extent with regard to disease development and pathological features. In fibrotic scenarios, immune cells are activated including varying immune pathways, ranging from innate immune cell activation to autoimmune disease. These events often precede and/or accompany the occurrence of fibrosis. Upon CNT exposure, significant induction and activation of Th2 cells and type 2 cytokines in the lungs are observed. Moreover, type 2 pathways are shown to play important roles in promoting CNT-induced lung fibrosis by producing type 2 pro-fibrotic factors and inducing the reparative phenotypes of macrophages in response to CNTs. In light of the vastly increased demand for nanosafety and the apparent induction and multiple roles of type 2 immune pathways in lung fibrosis, we review the current literature on CNT-induced lung fibrosis, with a focus on the induction and activation of type 2 responses by CNTs and the stimulating function of type 2 signaling on pulmonary fibrosis development. These analyses provide new insights into the mechanistic understanding of CNT-induced lung fibrosis, as well as the potential of using type 2 responses as a monitoring target and therapeutic strategy for human fibrotic lung disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Qiang Ma
- Receptor Biology Laboratory, Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Dyjack N, Goleva E, Rios C, Kim BE, Bin L, Taylor P, Bronchick C, Hall CF, Richers BN, Seibold MA, Leung DYM. Minimally invasive skin tape strip RNA sequencing identifies novel characteristics of the type 2-high atopic dermatitis disease endotype. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 141:1298-1309. [PMID: 29309794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression profiling of skin biopsy specimens has established molecular features of the skin in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). The invasiveness of biopsies has prevented their use in defining individual-level AD pathobiological mechanisms (endotypes) in large research studies. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether minimally invasive skin tape strip transcriptome analysis identifies gene expression dysregulation in AD and molecular disease endotypes. METHODS We sampled nonlesional and lesional skin tape strips and biopsy specimens from white adult patients with AD (18 male and 12 female patients; age [mean ± SE], 36.3 ± 2.2 years) and healthy control subjects (9 male and 16 female subjects; age [mean ± SE], 34.8 ± 2.2 years). AmpliSeq whole-transcriptome sequencing was performed on extracted RNA. Differential expression, clustering/pathway analyses, immunostaining of skin biopsy specimens, and clinical trait correlations were performed. RESULTS Skin tape expression profiles were distinct from skin biopsy profiles and better sampled epidermal differentiation complex genes. Skin tape expression of 29 immune and epidermis-related genes (false discovery rate < 5%) separated patients with AD from healthy subjects. Agnostic gene set analyses and clustering revealed 50% of patients with AD exhibited a type 2 inflammatory signature (type 2-high endotype) characterized by differential expression of 656 genes, including overexpression of IL13, IL4R, CCL22, CCR4 (log2 fold change = 5.5, 2.0, 4.0, and 4.1, respectively) and at a pathway level by TH2/dendritic cell activation. Both expression and immunostaining of skin biopsy specimens indicated this type 2-high group was enriched for inflammatory, type 2-skewed dendritic cells expressing FcεRI. The type 2-high endotype group exhibited more severe disease by using both the Eczema Area and Severity Index score and body surface area covered by lesions. CONCLUSION Minimally invasive expression profiling of nonlesional skin reveals stratification in AD molecular pathology by type 2 inflammation that correlates with disease severity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Dyjack
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | - Elena Goleva
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | - Cydney Rios
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | - Byung Eui Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | - Lianghua Bin
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | - Patricia Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | | | - Clifton F Hall
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo
| | | | - Max A Seibold
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo; Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo; Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colo.
| | - Donald Y M Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colo.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lang R, Schick J. Review: Impact of Helminth Infection on Antimycobacterial Immunity-A Focus on the Macrophage. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1864. [PMID: 29312343 PMCID: PMC5743664 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful immune control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) requires robust CD4+ T cell responses, with IFNγs as the key cytokine promoting killing of intracellular mycobacteria by macrophages. By contrast, helminth infections typically direct the immune system toward a type 2 response, characterized by high levels of the cytokines IL-4 and IL-10, which can antagonize IFNγ production and its biological effects. In many countries with high burden of tuberculosis, helminth infections are endemic and have been associated with increased risk to develop tuberculosis or to inhibit vaccination-induced immunity. Mechanistically, regulation of the antimycobacterial immune response by helminths has been mostly been attributed to the T cell compartment. Here, we review the current status of the literature on the impact of helminths on vaccine-induced and natural immunity to MTB with a focus on the alterations enforced on the capacity of macrophages to function as sensors of mycobacteria and effector cells to control their replication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roland Lang
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Judith Schick
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
|
30
|
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by gut microbiota dysbiosis and reduced thermogenic activity of brown adipose tissue. A recent study reveals that gut microbiota hampers the emergence of thermogenic brown fat cells named beige cells within white fat depots via a mechanism that involves the control of macrophages and eosinophil infiltration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Remy Burcelin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France; Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Team 2 : 'Intestinal Risk Factors, Diabetes, Dyslipidemia' F-31432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France.
| | - Céline Pomié
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France; Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Team 2 : 'Intestinal Risk Factors, Diabetes, Dyslipidemia' F-31432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chakraborty M, Fullerton AM, Semple K, Chea LS, Proctor WR, Bourdi M, Kleiner DE, Zeng X, Ryan PM, Dagur PK, Berkson JD, Reilly TP, Pohl LR. Drug-induced allergic hepatitis develops in mice when myeloid-derived suppressor cells are depleted prior to halothane treatment. Hepatology 2015; 62:546-57. [PMID: 25712247 PMCID: PMC6528654 DOI: 10.1002/hep.27764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Clinical evidence suggests that many cases of serious idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury are mediated by the adaptive immune system in response to hepatic drug-protein adducts, also referred to as "drug-induced allergic hepatitis"; but detailed mechanistic proof has remained elusive due to the lack of animal models. We have hypothesized that drug-induced allergic hepatitis is as rare in animals as it is in humans due at least in part to the tolerogenic nature of the liver. We provide evidence that immune tolerance can be overcome in a murine model of halothane-induced liver injury initiated by trifluoroacetylated protein adducts of halothane formed in the liver. Twenty-four hours after female Balb/cJ mice were initially treated with halothane, perivenous necrosis and an infiltration of CD11b(+) Gr-1(high) cells were observed in the liver. Further study revealed a subpopulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells within the CD11b(+) Gr-1(high) cell fraction that inhibited the proliferation of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. When CD11b(+) Gr-1(high) cells were depleted from the liver with Gr-1 antibody treatment, enhanced liver injury was observed at 9 days after halothane rechallenge. Toxicity was associated with increased serum levels of interleukin-4 and immunoglobulins G1 and E directed against hepatic trifluoroacetylated protein adducts, as well as increased hepatic infiltration of eosinophils and CD4(+) T cells, all features of an allergic reaction. When hepatic CD4(+) T cells were depleted 5 days after halothane rechallenge, trifluoroacetylated protein adduct-specific serum immunoglobulin and hepatotoxicity were reduced. CONCLUSION Our data provide a rational approach for developing animal models of drug-induced allergic hepatitis mediated by the adaptive immune system and suggest that impaired liver tolerance may predispose patients to this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mala Chakraborty
- Molecular and Cellular Toxicology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aaron M. Fullerton
- Molecular and Cellular Toxicology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kenrick Semple
- Molecular and Cellular Toxicology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lynette S. Chea
- Molecular and Cellular Toxicology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William R. Proctor
- Molecular and Cellular Toxicology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mohammed Bourdi
- Molecular and Cellular Toxicology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David E. Kleiner
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiangbin Zeng
- Molecular and Cellular Toxicology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pauline M. Ryan
- Molecular and Cellular Toxicology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pradeep K. Dagur
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julia D. Berkson
- Molecular and Cellular Toxicology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Timothy P. Reilly
- Exploratory Clinical & Translational Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Lance R. Pohl
- Molecular and Cellular Toxicology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Corresponding Author: Lance R. Pohl, PharmD, PhD, Scientist Emeritus, Molecular and Cellular Toxicology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 8N110, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1760, Tel: 1-301-451-1097; Fax: 1-301-480-4852,
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Fujii H, Hasegawa M, Takehara K, Mukaida N, Sato S. Abnormal expression of intracellular cytokines and chemokine receptors in peripheral blood T lymphocytes from patients with systemic sclerosis. Clin Exp Immunol 2002; 130:548-56. [PMID: 12452848 PMCID: PMC1906557 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2002.02017.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), there are conflicting findings regarding which is predominant between type 1 and type 2 immune responses. To determine the balance between type 1 and type 2 T lymphocytes in peripheral blood from SSc patients, we investigated the expression of intracellular cytokines, such as interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, and IL-13, and chemokine receptors such as CXCR3 and CCR4 by flow cytometry. The frequency of IFN-gamma-producing cells among CD8+ cells was significantly increased in patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc (n = 11, P < 0.0001) and limited cutaneous SSc (lSSc; n= 16, P < 0.0001) compared with normal controls (n = 17) while there was no significant difference in the frequency of IL-4- or IL-13-producing cells. In contrast, the frequency of IFN-gamma- or IL-4-producing cells among CD4+ cells was similar between the three groups. Similar results were obtained when absolute numbers were assessed. The frequency of IFN-gamma-producing cells among CD8+ cells inversely correlated with percentage DLco in SSc patients (r = - 0.650, P < 0.005). CXCR3+ CD8+ cells selectively produced IFN-gamma, and the frequency of CXCR3+ CD45RO+ cells among CD8+ cells was higher in lSSc patients (n = 14, P < 0.01) than in normal controls (n = 22). In contrast, there was no significant difference in the frequencies of CXCR3- or CCR4-expressing CD45RO+ cells among CD4+ cells. These results demonstrate the predominance of type 1 cytokine-producing cells (Tc1 cells) in peripheral blood CD8+ T cells from SSc patients, but no definite Th1/Th2 imbalance in CD4+ T cells. Tc1 cells may be associated with pulmonary vascular damage in SSc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Fujii
- Department of Dermatology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|