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Affiliation(s)
- Ian D Wolfe
- From Children's Mercy Bioethics Center, Kansas City, MO (I.D.W.); and the Mitchell Hamline School of Law, St. Paul, MN (T.M.P.)
| | - Thaddeus M Pope
- From Children's Mercy Bioethics Center, Kansas City, MO (I.D.W.); and the Mitchell Hamline School of Law, St. Paul, MN (T.M.P.)
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Stulberg DB, Jackson RA, Freedman LR. Referrals for Services Prohibited In Catholic Health Care Facilities. Perspect Sex Reprod Health 2016; 48:111-117. [PMID: 27467888 DOI: 10.1363/48e10216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Catholic hospitals control a growing share of health care in the United States and prohibit many common reproductive services, including ones related to sterilization, contraception, abortion and fertility. Professional ethics guidelines recommend that clinicians who deny patients reproductive services for moral or religious reasons provide a timely referral to prevent patient harm. Referral practices in Catholic hospitals, however, have not been explored. METHODS Twenty-seven obstetrician-gynecologists who were currently working or had worked in Catholic facilities participated in semistructured interviews in 2011-2012. Interviews explored their experiences with and perspectives on referral practices at Catholic hospitals. The sample was religiously and geographically diverse. Referral-related themes were identified in interview transcripts using qualitative analysis. RESULTS Obstetrician-gynecologists reported a range of practices and attitudes in regard to referrals for prohibited services. In some Catholic hospitals, physicians reported that administrators and ethicists encouraged or tolerated the provision of referrals. In others, hospital authorities actively discouraged referrals, or physicians kept referrals hidden. Patients in need of referrals for abortion were given less support than those seeking referrals for other prohibited services. Physicians received mixed messages when hospital leaders wished to retain services for financial reasons, rather than have staff refer patients elsewhere. Respondents felt referrals were not always sufficient to meet the needs of low-income patients or those with urgent medical conditions. CONCLUSIONS Some Catholic hospitals make it difficult for obstetrician-gynecologists to provide referrals for comprehensive reproductive services.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca A Jackson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Lori R Freedman
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health, University of California, San Francisco
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Schencker L. In battle over reproductive healthcare, the ACLU hunts for best challenge to Catholic hospitals' ethical rules. Mod Healthc 2015; 45:10. [PMID: 26619615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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4
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Cataldo PJ. Caritas in communion: reflections on the principle of cooperation. Health Prog 2014; 95:64-70. [PMID: 25682676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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5
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Hamel R. Catholic identity, ethics need focus in new era. Health Prog 2013; 94:85-87. [PMID: 23789475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ron Hamel
- Catholic Health Association, St. Louis, USA.
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Fr Francis G Morrisey. Benedict XVI's 'motu proprio'--what is its scope? Health Prog 2013; 94:82-3. [PMID: 23789474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
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Vischer RK. The uneasy (and changing) relationship of health care and religion in our legal system. Theor Med Bioeth 2013; 34:161-170. [PMID: 23546737 DOI: 10.1007/s11017-013-9248-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This article provides a brief introduction to the interplay between law and religion in the health care context. First, I address the extent to which the commitments of a faith tradition may be written into laws that bind all citizens, including those who do not share those commitments. Second, I discuss the law's accommodation of the faith commitments of individual health care providers-hardly a static inquiry, as the degree of accommodation is increasingly contested. Third, I expand the discussion to include institutional health care providers, arguing that the legal system's resistance to accommodating the morally distinct identities of institutional providers reflects a short-sighted view of the liberty of conscience. Finally, I offer some tentative thoughts about why these dynamics become even more complicated in the context of Islamic health care providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert K Vischer
- University of St. Thomas School of Law, 1000 LaSalle Ave., Minneapolis, MN 55403, USA.
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Tollefsen CO. Protecting positive claims of conscience for employees of religious institutions threatens religious liberty. Virtual Mentor 2013; 15:236-239. [PMID: 23472814 DOI: 10.1001/virtualmentor.2013.15.3.pfor2-1303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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Casey MJ, O'Brien R, Rendell M, Salzman T. Ethical dilemma of mandated contraception in pharmaceutical research at catholic medical institutions. Am J Bioeth 2012; 12:34-37. [PMID: 22694032 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2012.680532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The Catholic Church proscribes methods of birth control other than sexual abstinence. Although the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recognizes abstinence as an acceptable method of birth control in research studies, some pharmaceutical companies mandate the use of artificial contraceptive techniques to avoid pregnancy as a condition for participation in their studies. These requirements are unacceptable at Catholic health care institutions, leading to conflicts among institutional review boards, clinical investigators, and sponsors. Subjects may feel coerced by such mandates to adopt contraceptive techniques inconsistent with their personal situation and beliefs; women committed to celibacy or who engage exclusively in non-heterosexual activities are negatively impacted. We propose principles to insure informed consent to safeguard the rights of research subjects at Catholic institutions while mitigating this ethical conflict. At the same time, our proposal respects the interests of pharmaceutical research agencies and Catholic moral precepts, and fully abides by regulatory guidance.
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Carlson J. A crucible for Catholic care. Affiliated hospitals feel pressured by church, state. Mod Healthc 2011; 41:8-9. [PMID: 21322335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Ascension Health defies Catholic teachings. Mich Nurse 2010; 83:10-1. [PMID: 20945598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Carlson J. Catholic hospitals under scrutiny. Observers question if facilities are performing birth-control procedures. Mod Healthc 2010; 40:17. [PMID: 20377027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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Talone SPA. Placing mercy at our portals: ethical response in tough times. Health Prog 2009; 90:6-8. [PMID: 19472922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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Connors SK. The administrator's duty of vigilance. Health Prog 2009; 90:17-18. [PMID: 19472924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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McGuire M, O'Brien D. At the table together: mission and ethics as partners. Dynamic and effective teamwork between ethicists and mission leaders at Ascension Health helps strengthen the system's ministry. Health Prog 2009; 90:37-41. [PMID: 19361102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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Eck PA, Wallenhorst JF. The emerging role of ethics: a sponsorship view. Implementation of ethics throughout Catholic health care promotes values-based actions. Health Prog 2009; 90:31-36. [PMID: 19361101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Eck
- Bon Secours Health System, Inc., Marriottsville, Md, USA
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Lemiengre J, Dierckx de Casterlé B, Denier Y, Schotsmans P, Gastmans C. How do hospitals deal with euthanasia requests in Flanders (Belgium)? A content analysis of policy documents. Patient Educ Couns 2008; 71:293-301. [PMID: 18296014 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2007.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2007] [Revised: 11/12/2007] [Accepted: 12/26/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the form and content of ethics policies on euthanasia in Flemish hospitals and the possible influence of religious affiliation on policy content. METHODS Content analysis of policy documents. RESULTS Forty-two documents were analyzed. All policies contained procedures; 57% included the position paper on which the hospital's stance on euthanasia was based. All policies described their hospital's stance on euthanasia in competent terminally ill patients (n=42); 10 and 4 policies, respectively, did not describe their stance in incompetent terminally and non-terminally ill patients. Catholic hospitals restrictively applied the euthanasia law with palliative procedures and interdisciplinary deliberations. The policies described several phases of the euthanasia care process--confrontation with euthanasia request (93%), decision-making process (95%), care process in cases of no-euthanasia decision (38%), preparation and performance of euthanasia (79%), and aftercare (81%)--as well as involvement of caregivers, patients, and relatives; ethical issues; support for caregivers; reporting; and practical examples of professional attitudes and communication skills. CONCLUSION Euthanasia policies go beyond summarizing the euthanasia law by addressing the importance of the euthanasia care process, in which palliative care and interdisciplinary cooperation are important factors. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Euthanasia policies provide tangible guidance for physicians and nurses on handling euthanasia requests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joke Lemiengre
- Centre for Biomedical Ethics and Law, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Hamel R, Panicola M. Cooperating with philanthropic organizations. How to assess the moral permissibility of a Catholic health care organization's involvement. Health Prog 2008; 89:49-55. [PMID: 18323301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ron Hamel
- Catholic Health Association, St. Louis, USA
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Evans M. Sisters sued again. This time Exempla's directors take aim. Mod Healthc 2008; 38:18. [PMID: 18260536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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Yanofchick B. Leadership formation: choosing between the compass and the checklist. Health Prog 2008; 89:8-9. [PMID: 18247000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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Sister Lynn Marie Welbig. Our defined social purpose. Catholic hospitals have organic relationships with communities. Health Prog 2008; 89:48-50. [PMID: 18247010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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Gottemoeller D. The privilege of continuing his work. Some thoughts on quality, safety, and the mission of Catholic health care. Health Prog 2007; 88:64-67. [PMID: 18062378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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Worsley S, Duchene P. Extending an ethics program with information technology. Health Prog 2007; 88:74-76. [PMID: 18062381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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Giampietro AE. Improving the Catholic Approach to Healthcare? HEC Forum 2007; 19:261-70. [PMID: 17879002 DOI: 10.1007/s10730-007-9044-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony E Giampietro
- Department of Philosophy, University of St. Thomas, 3800 Montrose, Houston, Texas 77006-4626, USA.
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Repenshek M, Buser C. Creating a socially just benefits package. A Wisconsin system examines various options in light of Catholic social teaching. Health Prog 2007; 88:33-40. [PMID: 17896692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Repenshek
- Human Resources Department, Columbia St. Mary's Health System, Milwaukee, USA
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Yanofchick B. Servant leadership: bring it home. Health Prog 2007; 88:6-7. [PMID: 17896684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
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Kushner MS, Gallagher JA. Calculating a socially just wage. Catholic organizations should evaluate existing methodologies. Health Prog 2007; 88:29-32. [PMID: 17896691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick McCruden
- Mission and Ethics, St. Joseph's Mercy Health Center, PO Box 29001, Hot Springs, AR 71903, USA.
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Gastmans C, Van Neste F, Schotsmans P. Pluralism and ethical dialogue in Christian healthcare institutions: the view of Caritas Catholica Flanders. Christ Bioeth 2006; 12:265-80. [PMID: 17162674 DOI: 10.1080/13803600601041600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In this article, the place and the nature of an ethical dialogue that develops within Christian healthcare institutions in Flanders, Belgium is examined. More specifically, the question is asked how Christian healthcare institutions should position themselves ethically in a context of a pluralistic society. The profile developed by Caritas Catholica Flanders must take seriously not only the external pluralistic context of our society and the internal pluralistic worldviews by personnel/employees and patients, but also the inherent inspiration of a Christian healthcare institution. This article concludes with ten general orientations that could shape the ethical dialogue from a Christian inspiration in a pluralistic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Gastmans
- Centre for Biomedical Ethics and Law, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Abstract
Roman Catholic healthcare institutions in the United States face a number of threats to the integrity of their missions, including the increasing religious and moral pluralism of society and the financial crisis many organizations face. These organizations in the United States often have fought fervently to avoid being obligated to provide interventions they deem intrinsically immoral, such as abortion. Such institutions no doubt have made numerous accommodations and changes in how they operate in response to the growing pluralism of our society, but they have resisted crossing certain lines and providing particular interventions deemed objectively wrong. Catholic hospitals in Belgium have responded differently to pluralism. In response to a growing diversity of moral views and to the Belgian Act of Euthanasia of 2002, Catholic hospitals in Belgium now engage in euthanasia. This essay examines a defense that has been offered of this practice of euthanasia in Catholic hospitals and argues that it is misguided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana S Iltis
- Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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O'Toole B. Hiring for "organizational fit". A St. Louis system has developed tools for assessing candidates' compatibility with the organization. Health Prog 2006; 87:38-42. [PMID: 17086795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
To a great extent, the continued success of Catholic health care organizations is dependent on the selection of co-workers and leaders who are committed to carrying on the organization's mission. The Sisters of Mercy Health System, St. Louis, uses three tools to help leaders be more consistent and objective in assessing employment candidates for organizational fit. The first tool involves behavioral-based interviewing, which looks at a candidate's potential for future behaviors based on his or her past behaviors. The second tool assesses a candidate's values in such a way that accounts for and reduces the interviewer's own subjectivity. And the third tool-values-based interviewing-helps reveal a candidate's natural aptitude for, interest in, and personal agreement with the organization's charism, religious heritage, and values.
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Ozar DT. Finding a voice. Like individuals, organizations are moral speakers and actors. Health Prog 2006; 87:24-7. [PMID: 17086792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Though "good people' are important for the life of any organization, it is a myth to think that enough good people will make for a good organization. To break free of this myth, a health care organization, which is made up of numerous persons and groups, ought to be regarded as a single, unitary actor in society. When seen as a single actor, the organization's systems for carrying out its mission can be better assessed and improved if necessary. If the organization's systems are not functioning as they should, then even good people will be hindered in their efforts. It can be said, therefore, that organizational ethics takes seriously the idea that every Catholic health care organization is a moral actor needing to reflect carefully on what it does in relation to its employees, leaders, and the outside community. In an environment where the organization's actions are reflected upon, and its character is carefully and continually shaped according to its mission, individual persons in that organization will be better equipped for making and carrying out good decisions that are aligned with that same regard for the mission.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T Ozar
- Center for Ethics and Social Justice, Loyola University Chicago, USA
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Bayley C, Boyle P, Heller JC, McCruden PJ, O'Brien D. Shedding light on organizational ethics. Five ethicists help define and contextualize an elusive topic. Health Prog 2006; 87:28-33. [PMID: 17086793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
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Brinkmann B, Maines TD, Naughton MJ, Stebbins JM, Weimerskirch A. Bridging the gap. Catholic health care organizations need concrete ways to connect social principles to practice. Health Prog 2006; 87:43-50. [PMID: 17086796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Establishing and maintaining institutional identity is a challenge for leaders in Catholic health care. A process known as "progressive articulation" can be used to help leaders assess how well their organizations reflect Catholic social tradition and help them apply this tradition toward specific organizational practices. The particular approach described here is called the "Identity Inquiry and Improvement Process" (31P), and it takes Catholic social principles and translates them into criteria and benchmarks for assessing an organization's interactions with internal and external stakeholders. In other words, 31P seeks to make mission measurable and concrete.
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Sister Patricia A Talone. Starting an organizational ethics committee. An ethicist suggests some practical and concrete steps. Health Prog 2006; 87:34-7. [PMID: 17086794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Establishing an organizational ethics committee (OEC) involves careful reflection on the needs of the organization and on the people who will serve on the committee. With concern for the "community of care" (the women and men who carry out the organization's mission), a comprehensive needs assessment will reveal areas of the organization where more education and policy analyses are needed. Volunteer members of the OEC are typically chosen according to a set of characteristics that include their knowledge and experience, ability to take on this added responsibility, familiarity with the Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Health Care Services and Catholic social justice teaching, and their honesty and integrity. Part of the success of an OEC can be attributed to how well it is supported by the organization. This includes administrative and financial support, use of public relations and educational services, and cooperation and active involvement of key managers in the organization. Once formed, the next important step is educating OEC members.
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Gallagher JA. "Like shining from shook foil". A "virtuous organization" is prepared to treat both the body and the soul. Health Prog 2006; 87:18-23. [PMID: 17086791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The Catholic health care ministry is about mission, and the role of organizational ethical reflection is to encourage people in the ministry to think about the institutional performance and practice of medicine within a ministry of the Catholic Church. By engaging a creative process that identifies the needs of people served by Catholic health care, institutions are able to mediate the healing and redeeming power of Jesus, thereby creating virtuous organizations. To depict the mission of Catholic health care as an extension of the healing ministry of Jesus is to evoke explicitly Catholic theological language, and such language is appropriate because Catholic health care is a ministry of the Catholic Church. The church itself is the embodiment of the healing and redeeming ministry of Jesus, and the institutional ministries it has created over time need to bear witness to this fundamental reason for their existence.
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Jairath N, Shelton D, McMullen P, Grandjean C. Nursing and the common good. A clearer definition of the concept could be helpful to all the healing professions. Health Prog 2006; 87:59-63. [PMID: 17086799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nalini Jairath
- School of Nursing, Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
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Gastmans C, Lemiengre J, de Casterlé BD. Development and communication of written ethics policies on euthanasia in Catholic hospitals and nursing homes in Belgium (Flanders). Patient Educ Couns 2006; 63:188-95. [PMID: 16406462 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2005.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2005] [Revised: 10/04/2005] [Accepted: 10/19/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe whether and how Catholic hospitals and nursing homes in Belgium (Flanders) have developed written ethics policies on euthanasia and communicated these policies to their employees, patients, and patient's relatives. METHODS A cross-sectional mail survey of general directors of Catholic hospitals and nursing homes in Belgium (Flanders). RESULTS Of the 298 targeted institutions, 81% of hospitals and 62% of nursing homes returned complete questionnaires. A high percentage of Catholic hospitals (79%) and a moderate percentage of nursing homes (30%) had written ethics policies on euthanasia. Both caregivers and healthcare administrators were involved in the development and approval of these policies. Physicians and nurses were best informed about the policies. More than half of the nursing homes (57%) took the initiative to inform both residents and relatives about the policies, while only one hospital did so. CONCLUSION The high prevalence of written ethics policies on euthanasia in Flemish Catholic hospitals may reflect the concern of healthcare administrators to maintain the quality of care for patients requesting euthanasia. However, the true contribution of these policies to quality end-of-life care and to supporting caregivers remains unknown and needs further research. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Legislation and centrally developed guidelines might influence healthcare institutions to develop ethics policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Gastmans
- Centre for Biomedical Ethics and Law, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium.
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Father Gerald A Arbuckle. Sponsorship's biblical roots and tensions. The term may be new, but the function has existed since apostolic time. Health Prog 2006; 87:13-6. [PMID: 16986466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
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Walter RJ. Medicine's goals and prophetic tradition. Catholic health care has an opportunity to help the medical profession return to its roots. Health Prog 2006; 87:40-5. [PMID: 16986470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
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Father Peter A Clark. To circumcise or not to circumcise. A Catholic ethicist argues that the practice is not in the best interest of male infants. Health Prog 2006; 87:30-9. [PMID: 16986469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
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Trocchio J, Lindenstein J. Community benefit is no one's job (it's everyone's job). Health Prog 2006; 87:9-10. [PMID: 16986464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
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Hamel R, Panicola MR. Embryonic stem cell research: off limits? Two ethicists discuss a technological breakthrough in the context of Catholic health care. Health Prog 2006; 87:23-9. [PMID: 16986468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ron Hamel
- Catholic Health Association, St. Louis, USA
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Abstract
AIM This paper reports the findings of a survey that investigated whether Flemish Catholic hospitals and nursing homes had developed written ethics policies on euthanasia and how the role of nurses was described in these policies. BACKGROUND International research shows undeniably that nurses are confronted with patients requesting euthanasia. Euthanasia has been legal in Belgium since 2002 and in Holland since 2001. Because of the vagueness in formal documents and policies on the role of nurses in euthanasia, there is an increasing need to establish institutional ethics policies that clearly describe the role of nurses in the euthanasia process. METHODS We used a cross-sectional descriptive mail questionnaire to survey the general directors of Catholic hospitals and nursing homes in Belgium (Flanders). Data were collected between October 2003 and February 2004. RESULTS Of the 298 institutions targeted for survey, 81% of hospitals, 62% of nursing homes returned completed questionnaires. Of these, 79% of the hospitals and 30% of the nursing homes had a written ethics policy on euthanasia. The ethics policies of 87% of the hospitals and 77% of the nursing homes explicitly addressed the role of nurses in the euthanasia process. In the majority of hospitals and nursing homes, the ethics policies addressed the conscientious objections of nurses to euthanasia. Most hospitals and nursing homes voluntarily communicated their ethics policies to the nurses they employed. CONCLUSION The written ethics policies of most Catholic healthcare institutions give explicit attention to the role of nurses in the euthanasia process. However, the meaning and content of the role of nurses, as indicated in these ethics policies, continue to be an issue. Further research is needed to verify how these policies are actually implemented within the institutions and whether they contribute to better support for nurses and to ethical care for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Gastmans
- Centre for Biomedical Ethics and Law, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold G Koenig
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Connelly MD, Maddox P, Pryor DB, Royer TC. Genomics and the ministry: the executive perspective. Four leaders of Catholic health care organizations offer their opinions. Health Prog 2006; 87:56-60. [PMID: 16700465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
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Abstract
Controlling for market and organizational characteristics, Catholic hospitals in 2001 offered more stigmatized and compassionate care services than investor-owned hospitals, and more stigmatized services than public hospitals. There were no differences between Catholic hospitals and other nonprofit hospitals, however, in the number of compassionate, stigmatized, and access services offered. This may reflect growing isomorphism in the nonprofit hospital sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R White
- Graduate Program in Health Administration, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA.
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Prieur MR, Atkinson J, Hardingham L, Hill D, Kernaghan G, Miller D, Morton S, Rowell M, Vallely JF, Wilson S. Stem cell research in a Catholic institution: yes or no? Kennedy Inst Ethics J 2006; 16:73-98. [PMID: 16770888 DOI: 10.1353/ken.2006.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Catholic teaching has no moral difficulties with research on stem cells derived from adult stem cells or fetal cord blood. The ethical problem comes with embryonic stem cells since their genesis involves the destruction of a human embryo. However, there seems to be significant promise of health benefits from such research. Although Catholic teaching does not permit any destruction of human embryos, the question remains whether researchers in a Catholic institution, or any researchers opposed to destruction of human embryos, could participate in research on cultured embryonic stem cells, or whether a Catholic institution could use any therapy that ultimately results from such research. This position paper examines how such research could be conducted legitimately in a Catholic institution by using an ethical analysis involving a narrative context, the nature of the moral act, and the principle of material cooperation, along with references to significant ethical assessments. It also offers tentative guidelines that could be used by a Catholic institution in implementing such research.
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Fabbro R. Stem cell research, cloning and Catholic moral theology. Linacre Q 2006; 72:294-306. [PMID: 16471032 DOI: 10.1080/20508549.2005.11877762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Father Peter Clark. Is the NovaSure system ethical? Health Prog 2005; 86:54-9. [PMID: 16350904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
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