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Liu J, Xian G, Li M, Zhang Y, Yang M, Yu Y, Lv H, Xuan S, Lin Y, Gao L. Cholesterol oxidase from Bordetella species promotes irreversible cell apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma by cholesterol oxidation. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1372. [PMID: 25118932 PMCID: PMC4454300 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol oxidase (COD), an enzyme catalyzing the oxidation of cholesterol, has been applied to track the distribution of membrane cholesterol. Little investigations about the effect of COD on tumor cells have been performed. In the present study, we provided evidence that COD from Bordetella species (COD-B), induced apoptosis of lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. COD-B treatment inhibited Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in dose- and time-dependent manner, which was not reversed and was even aggravated by cholesterol addition. Further investigation indicated that COD-B treatment promoted the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and that cholesterol addition further elevated ROS levels. Moreover, COD-B treatment resulted in JNK and p38 phosphorylation, downregulation of Bcl-2, upregulation of Bax, activated caspase-3 and cytochrome C release, which likely responded to freshly produced hydrogen peroxide that accompanied cholesterol oxidation. Catalase pretreatment could only partially prevent COD-B-induced events, suggesting that catalase inhibited H2O2-induced signal transduction but had little effect on signal pathways involved in cholesterol depletion. Our results demonstrated that COD-B led to irreversible cell apoptosis by decreasing cholesterol content and increasing ROS level. In addition, COD-B may be a promising candidate for a novel anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - G Xian
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - M Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - M Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Y Yu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - H Lv
- Department of Obstetrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - S Xuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250021, China
| | - Y Lin
- Department of Center Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - L Gao
- 1] Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250021, China [2] Department of Center Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
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Lv H, Yan L, Zhang M, Geng Z, Ren M, Sun Y. Influence of Supercritical CO2Pretreatment of Corn Stover with Ethanol-Water as Co-Solvent on Lignin Degradation. Chem Eng Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201300183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Zhu L, Lv H, Wang Y, Yang J, Ni B, Meng Z. Microbial screening of unrelated cord blood units in a Chinese cord blood bank. Transfus Med 2013; 23:438-41. [PMID: 24118280 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given limited sample volume available for sterility testing, optimal testing methods and algorithms of cord blood (CB) have not been established according to standards. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The volume of CB unit was reduced to 20 mL in a closed system. Hetastarch and cryopreservation solution was added to the processed CB unit in Class 100 environment. In the routine sterility testing, 20 mL of red blood cells (RBC) sample was cultured in aerobic and anaerobic culture bottles. In verification post-thaw culture of the final product, some of the discarded final product units were also sampled and cultured after thaw. All the culture bottles were incubated in the BacT/ALERT 3D system. RESULTS In the routine sterility testing, 139 of 7032 CB units (1·98%) were contaminated with microorganism. In 84 of these 139 units (60·4%) only the anaerobic bottle was positive. Lactobacillus spp. were the most prevalent contaminant. Sixty-two discarded CB stem cell units were recultured after thaw. Of these, 10 of 48 units with a positive culturing of RBC sample were negative in the post-thaw reculture. One of 14 units with negative culturing of RBC sample was contaminated with Bifidobacterium breve in special verification test. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates the predominant organisms implicated in CB microbial contamination were part of the human intestinal and vaginal flora. The larger sample volume and anaerobic culture would significantly increase the detection rate of microbial contaminated CB. We also found that potential transfusion-transmitted bacterial infection risk still existed in final product although microbial screening was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhu
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Ministry of Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Chen X, Li P, Wang X, Gu M, Zhao C, Sloan AJ, Lv H, Yu Q. Ex vivoantimicrobial efficacy of strong acid electrolytic water againstEnterococcus faecalisbiofilm. Int Endod J 2013; 46:938-46. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - P. Li
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an; China
| | - X. Wang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an; China
| | | | - C. Zhao
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an; China
| | | | - H. Lv
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an; China
| | - Q. Yu
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics; School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an; China
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55
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Ning G, Xiao X, Lv H, Li X, Zuo Y, Bao M. Shortening tobacco life cycle accelerates functional gene identification in genomic research. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2012; 14:934-43. [PMID: 23107371 DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00571.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Definitive allocation of function requires the introduction of genetic mutations and analysis of their phenotypic consequences. Novel, rapid and convenient techniques or materials are very important and useful to accelerate gene identification in functional genomics research. Here, over-expression of PmFT (Prunus mume), a novel FT orthologue, and PtFT (Populus tremula) lead to shortening of the tobacco life cycle. A series of novel short life cycle stable tobacco lines (30-50 days) were developed through repeated self-crossing selection breeding. Based on the second transformation via a gusA reporter gene, the promoter from BpFULL1 in silver birch (Betula pendula) and the gene (CPC) from Arabidopsis thaliana were effectively tested using short life cycle tobacco lines. Comparative analysis among wild type, short life cycle tobacco and Arabidopsis transformation system verified that it is optional to accelerate functional gene studies by shortening host plant material life cycle, at least in these short life cycle tobacco lines. The results verified that the novel short life cycle transgenic tobacco lines not only combine the advantages of economic nursery requirements and a simple transformation system, but also provide a robust, effective and stable host system to accelerate gene analysis. Thus, shortening tobacco life cycle strategy is feasible to accelerate heterologous or homologous functional gene identification in genomic research.
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MESH Headings
- Arabidopsis/genetics
- Arabidopsis/growth & development
- Arabidopsis/metabolism
- Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics
- Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism
- Betula/genetics
- Cloning, Molecular
- Crosses, Genetic
- Flowers/genetics
- Flowers/growth & development
- Flowers/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
- Genes, Plant
- Genes, Reporter
- Genomics/methods
- Inbreeding
- Phenotype
- Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics
- Plants, Genetically Modified/growth & development
- Plants, Genetically Modified/metabolism
- Plasmids/genetics
- Populus/genetics
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myb/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myb/metabolism
- Prunus/genetics
- Prunus/metabolism
- Self-Fertilization
- Species Specificity
- Time Factors
- Nicotiana/genetics
- Nicotiana/growth & development
- Nicotiana/metabolism
- Transformation, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ning
- Key laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Liu Y, Hong X, Xu X, Ying Y, He J, Zhu F, Lv H, Yan L. Prevalence of the HPA-18w to -21w alleles in the Chinese Han population. Int J Immunogenet 2012; 40:99-103. [PMID: 22862885 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2012.01142.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Recently, four new platelet alloantigen (HPA) systems HPA-18w to-21w were identified. However, genotyping for HPA-18w to -21w alleles was rarely reported. Here, we established a polymerase chain reaction sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT) method and investigated the distribution of HPA-18w to -21w alleles in the Chinese Han population. The specific primers of HPA-18w, -19w, -20w and -21w were designed, and the PCR products were bidirectionally sequenced. 855 randomly selected platelet donors were genotyped for HPA-18w to -21w with the PCR-SBT method. The results showed that all individuals were monomorphic for HPA-18w to HPA-20w with a/a homozygous frequency of 1.0 and absence of HPA-18bw to -20bw alleles. The frequencies of the HPA-21a/21a and HPA-21a/21b genotypes were 0.981(839/855) and 0.019(16/855), respectively. Seven mutations were confirmed on sequenced region separate from HPA polymorphisms, including ITGA2 (IVS17+48G>A and IVS17+72G>A), ITGA2B (IVS19-26C>G) and ITGB3 (IVS4+234C>T, IVS11-19 T>C, IVS11-104T>C and GT repeats from IVS11-131 to IVS11-109). These data will provide useful information for diagnosis, prevention and treatment of alloimmune thrombocytopaenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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57
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He W, Qu T, Yu Q, Wang Z, Lv H, Zhang J, Zhao X, Wang P. LPS induces IL-8 expression through TLR4, MyD88, NF-kappaB and MAPK pathways in human dental pulp stem cells. Int Endod J 2012; 46:128-36. [PMID: 22788664 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02096.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on interleukin-8 (IL-8) and related intracellular signalling pathways in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). METHODOLOGY Human pulp tissues were isolated from human impacted third molars, and the hDPSCs were cultured and characterized. The effects of LPS on IL-8 and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene expression in hDPSCs were investigated using real-time quantitative RT-PCR and ELISA. Whether TLR4/MyD88/NF-кB was involved in the LPS-induced up-regulation of IL-8 in hDPSCs was determined using transient transfection, luciferase assay and ELISA. The involvement of MAPKs in the LPS-induced up-regulation of IL-8 in hDPSCs was investigated via transient transfection, luciferase assay, ELISA and western blot. The data were statistically analysed using Student's t-test or one-way anova followed by the Student-Neumann-Keuls test. RESULTS Cells exposed to LPS not only displayed an enhanced expression of TLR4 but also showed an elevated IL-8 gene expression; exposure to LPS also resulted in the induction of IL-8 gene transcription via promoter activation. The LPS-induced IL-8 promoter activation was inhibited through dominant-negative mutations in TLR4 and MyD88, but not in TLR2. The LPS-induced IL-8 protein release was attenuated through the administration of TLR4-neutralizing antibody or MyD88 inhibitory peptide and a dominant-negative mutation in IκBα. In contrast, IL-8 protein release was enhanced through the expression of NF-κB p65. Treatment with PDTC, TPCK or Bay117082 effectively antagonized LPS-induced IL-8 protein release. Moreover, both the promoter activity and the LPS-induced release of IL-8 were diminished upon the administration of U0126 and SB203580, but not SP600125. Moreover, the exposure to LPS activated ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK phosphorylation in cells. CONCLUSIONS This study reports the LPS-mediated transcriptional and post-translational up-regulation of IL-8, which is a process that also involves TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB and MAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- W He
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Tao S, He Y, Ying Y, Hong X, Xu X, Zhu F, Lv H, Yan L. C35T mutation could slightly decrease the activity of human α-(1,2)-fucosyltransferase. Transfus Clin Biol 2012; 19:5-10. [PMID: 22266267 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The C35T mutant α-(1,2)-fucosyltransferase (FUT1) gene had been reported related to the para-Bombay phenotype, but recently, our laboratory found that the C35T was a polymorphism in the Chinese population. This study aims at further clarifying the property of C35T mutant FUT1. MATERIAL AND METHODS The mutant C35T FUT1 gene was cloned into expression vector in vitro, the mRNA expression was analyzed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the mutant enzyme's activity was determined in vitro. RESULTS The results showed that the frequencies of 35C and 35T alleles were 0.735 and 0.265, respectively. The FUT1 mRNA level of transfected cells with C35T recombination vector showed 99.85% of the wild-type FUT1 transfected cells. The enzyme relative activity of transfected cell lysates with C35T FUT1 recombination vector was 79.45% compared with that of the wild-type FUT1 transfected cell lysates. The K(m)(phenyl-gal) value of enzyme encoded by C35T allele was 0.5 times higher than that of the enzyme encoded by FUT1 wild-type allele. CONCLUSION These results suggested that FUT1 C35T was a polymorphism in the Chinese population and did not affect its mRNA transcription, but could slightly decrease the activity of human α-(1,2)-fucosyltransferase in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tao
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Wulin Road 345, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310006, People's Republic of China
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Lv H, Li C, Gui S, Zhang Y. Expression of estrogen receptor α and growth factors in human prolactinoma and its correlation with clinical features and gender. J Endocrinol Invest 2012; 35:174-80. [PMID: 21422801 DOI: 10.3275/7607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies demonstrate that growth factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of prolactinoma induced by estrogen. The effects of estrogen are mainly mediated through its nuclear receptor (ERα); however, expression of ERα and growth factors in prolactinoma and healthy pituitary and their relationship remain obscure. AIM To obtain new insights regarding the expression differences of these factors and their relationship and to investigate the correlation between gender and clinical features in patients with prolactinoma. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 21 human prolactinomas and 6 healthy human pituitaries were examined for mRNA expression of ERα, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), transforming growth factor α (TGFα), TGFβ1, TGFβ3, and TGFβ receptor type II (TGFβRII) by means of real-time PCR. Patient clinical data was also analyzed. RESULTS Both PRL level and tumor volume of the male patient group were higher than that of the female patient group. There was a significant correlation between PRL level and tumor volume in the total patient group. Expression of ERα, bFGF, TGFα, and TGFβ3 mRNA levels of the patient group were significantly different from that of the control group. A significant correlation between ERα mRNA levels and PRL levels, tumor volume, TGFβ1 mRNA levels in the total patient group were found. CONCLUSIONS PRL level and tumor volume have a significant difference between genders in prolactinoma patients. ERα and some growth factors may be involved in the tumorigenesis of prolactinoma. ERα could potentially be an effective therapy target for treating prolactinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lv
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Chongwen District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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60
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The para-Bombay phenotype is characterised by H-deficient or H partially deficient red blood cells (RBCs) in individuals who secrete ABH antigens in their saliva. Samples from an individual whose RBCs had an apparent para-Bombay phenotype and his family members were investigated and a novel FUT1 allele was identified. MATERIALS AND METHODS RBCs' phenotype was characterised by standard serologic technique. Genomic DNA was sequenced with primers that amplified the coding sequence of FUT1 and FUT2, respectively. Routine ABO genotyping analysis was performed. Haplotypes of FUT1 were identified by TOPO cloning sequencing. Recombination expression vectors of FUT1 mutation alleles were constructed and transfected into COS-7 cells. The pα-(1,2)-fucosyltransferase activity of expression protein was determined. RESULTS B101/O02 genotype of the proband was correlated with ABH substances in saliva. The proband carried a new FUT1 allele which showed 35C/T, 235G/C and 682A/G heterozygote by directly DNA sequencing. Two haplotypes, 235C and 35T+682G, were identified by TOPO cloning sequencing and COS-7 cells transfected with five recombination vectors including wild-type, 35T, 235C, 682G and 35T+682G alleles were established respectively. The α-(1,2)-fucosyltransferase activities of cell lysates which had transfected with 35T, 235C, 682G and 35T+682G recombination vectors showed 79·45, 16·23, 80·32 and 24·59%, respectively, compared with that of the wild-type FUT1-transfected cell lysates. CONCLUSION A novel FUT1 allele 235C was identified, which greatly diminished the activity of α-(1,2)-fucosyltransferase.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Xu
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Zhu F, He Y, Tao S, Zhang W, He J, He J, Xu X, Lv H, Yan L. Analysis of the complete cDNA sequences of HLA-DRB1 alleles with group-specific amplification primers in the Chinese Han population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 77:329-32. [PMID: 21388356 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2010.01626.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Currently for the majority of HLA-DRB1 alleles the focus has been mainly on exon 2 and complete cDNA sequences of HLA-DRB1 alleles are rare. In this study, we analyzed the complete coding sequences of partial alleles of HLA-DRB1 locus. The cDNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction using the group-specific primers located in the 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions to obtain the complete coding sequences. The amplification products were sequenced using an ABI BigDye® Terminator Cycle Sequencing kit. The HLA-DRB1 allele phylogenetic tree was analyzed by dnaman software. Full-length cDNA sequences of 22 HLA-DRB1 alleles were obtained in this study. HLA-DRB1*08:09, DRB1 *12:02:01, and DRB1*13:12 alleles were first reported for complete coding sequences. The sequences of exon 1 of HLA-DRB1*04:06:01, DRB1*08:03:02, and DRB1 *14:07:01 were newly presented. The complete coding sequences of HLA-DRB1 *01:01:01, DRB1*03:01:01:01, DRB1*04:01:01, DRB1*04:05:01, DRB1*07:01:01: 01, DRB1*09:01:02, DRB1*10:01:01, DRB1*11:01:01, DRB1*12:01:01, DRB1*13: 01:01, DRB1*13:02:01, DRB1*14:04, DRB1*14:54, DRB1*15:01:01:01, DRB1*15: 02:01, and DRB1*16:02:01 were identical to those previously reported. Forty polymorphic positions in complete coding sequences outside exon 2 of these HLA-DRB1 alleles were confirmed. According to the phylogenetic tree of full-length coding sequence, the HLA-DRB1 allele was classified into seven major allelic lineages. In conclusion, a protocol for HLA-DRB1 cDNA amplification and sequencing was improved and the data may help to determine the polymorphism of coding sequences outside exon 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zhu
- HLA Typing Laboratory, Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Xu X, Liu Y, Ying Y, Tao S, Hong X, Zhu F, Lv H, Yan L. Human platelet antigen allele frequencies and new mutations on platelet glycoprotein genes in the Chinese Han population. Transfus Med 2011; 21:330-7. [PMID: 21658138 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3148.2011.01081.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The frequencies of human platelet antigens (HPAs) vary between different populations. In this study, we determined the HPA allele frequencies in the Chinese Han population and identified situation of incompatibility possibly leading to alloimmunisation. METHODS A total of 750 volunteer blood donors of the Chinese Han population were genotyped for HPA-1 to -17w systems. HPA genotyping was determined by polymerase chain reaction sequence-based typing. RESULTS Among the 17 HPA systems, the allele frequency is different from other populations. We noted the absence of HPA-7bw to HPA-14bw, HPA-16bw and HPA-17bw alleles in the population. The estimated incompatibility probabilities regarding platelet antigens 1 to 6w and 15 systems after transfusion of random donor platelet were from 0·004 to 0·373. Thirteen glycoprotein alleles were observed in the population. In addition, we identified 16 novel mutations on the glycoprotein genes separated from HPA polymorphisms, including GP1BA (517-525delAAC), ITGA2B (2722C>T and IVS26+85T>C), ITGA2 (1521C>T, 2474T>G and IVS20+10 G>C), ITGB3 (1476G>A, IVS10+19C>A, 1813G>A, IVS11+21G>A, IVS11+152A>G and IVS11-104T>C), GP1BB (IVS1-79G>A, IVS1-27C>T and 129G>A) and CD109 (2139A>G). Five of them could lead to amino acid deletion, substitution or premature stop codon in corresponding glycoprotein. CONCLUSIONS There was a high degree of polymorphism of the membrane glycoprotein genes related to human platelet alloantigen-1 to -17w systems in the Chinese Han population. These data could have some impact on the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of alloimmune thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Xu
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research, Ministry of Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Zhu F, He Y, Zhang W, He J, He J, Xu X, Lv H, Yan L. Analysis for complete genomic sequence of HLA-B and HLA-C alleles in the Chinese Han population. Int J Immunogenet 2011; 38:281-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2011.01016.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Liu L, Guo H, Lv H, Xin Y, Qiu Y, Pen F, Yang B. e0363 Left anterior descending artery dissection and acute myocardial infarction after blunt chest trauma: Two case report. Heart 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.208967.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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65
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Liu L, Guo H, Lv H, Xin Y, Qiu Y, Pen F, Yang B. e0715 Left anterior descending artery dissection and acute myocardial infarction after blunt chest trauma: two case report. Heart 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.208967.715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Lv H, Wang JC, Wu KL, Gao X, Wang LC, You L, Chen ZJ. Numb regulates meiotic spindle organisation in mouse oocytes. Reprod Fertil Dev 2010; 22:664-72. [PMID: 20353726 DOI: 10.1071/rd09236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2009] [Accepted: 10/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Numb is an adaptor protein that controls the fate of cells in different species through asymmetrical inheritance by sibling cells during division. It has been investigated extensively in mitosis, mostly in neural progenitor cells, but its function in meiosis remains unknown. The present study was designed to investigate the expression, subcellular localisation and functional roles of Numb during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, we found that the expression of Numb increased from the germinal vesicle (GV) to MII stages. Immunofluorescent staining revealed that Numb was mainly concentrated in the GV before meiosis resumption, aggregated in the vicinity of the chromosomes after GV breakdown and then localised to the spindle poles from prometaphase I to MII. Nocodazole treatment resulted in spindle destruction and Numb diffusion into the cytoplasm. However, Numb appeared at the spindle poles again once the spindles had formed when nocodazole-treated oocytes were washed and cultured for spindle recovery. Depletion of Numb by RNA interference resulted in chromosome misalignment, spindle deformation and even doubled spindle formation. Our results suggest that Numb is critical for spindle organisation during mouse oocytes meiosis. The present study provides evidence of a new function for Numb in addition to its action as a cell fate-determining factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lv
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Province, Jinan 250021, China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence has shown clinical phenotypic heterogeneity of inherited prion diseases, even between patients harbouring the same mutation in the PRNP gene. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS We collected clinical data from a Chinese family with autosomal dominant dementia and screened the PRNP gene on 28 living members. A stereotactic biopsy of the right frontal lobe of the proband was performed. RESULTS The family comprised four affected individuals within two successive generations. The age of onset was in 30 or 40 s, and the duration was about 2-3 years. Clinical features of the affected members included neuropsychiatric disturbances, progressive dementia and extrapyramidal symptoms. Immunostaining for prion protein showed fine granular deposits of PrP(sc) in the neuropil. The PRNP gene analysis demonstrated a heterozygous G114V mutation in 15 family members. The proband was diagnosed as familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (fCJD). CONCLUSION This study strengthens the linkage of the G114V mutation to CJD. It supports the worldwide distribution of fCJD despite differences in genetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
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68
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Sun L, Lv H, Wei W, Zhang D, Guan Y. Angiotensin-converting enzyme D/I and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 4G/5G gene polymorphisms are associated with increased risk of spontaneous abortions in polycystic ovarian syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 2010; 33:77-82. [PMID: 19636212 DOI: 10.1007/bf03346557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a main cause of infertility, particularly in high-risk settings such as spontaneous abortions (SAB). We aimed to evaluate the effect of genetic polymorphisms in ACE and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) on the occurrence of SAB in PCOS. METHODS One hundred and forty-two PCOS patients (83 women have a history of one or more unexplained SAB, 59 women have successfully live births) and 107 healthy controls matched for age and body mass index were included in the study. Levels of PAI-1, LH, FSH, testosterone, fasting glucose and insulin were measured. ACE deletion (D)/insertion (I) and PAI-1 4G/5G gene polymorphisms were performed. RESULTS The D/D and/or 4G/4G genotype frequency, the D or 4G allelic frequency, the combination of the ACE D/D and PAI-1 4G/5G, D/I and 4G/4G genotypes of PCOS patients with SAB women were statistically higher than non-SAB group (p<0.05). The 4G/4G or D/D genotype of PCOS with SAB patients had significantly higher PAI-1 levels than non-SAB women. CONCLUSIONS The ACE D/I and PAI-1 4G/5G gene polymorphisms might represent risk factor in PCOS with SAB. Homozygosity for ACE D or PAI-1 4G polymorphisms as well as compound carrier status are significant positive explanatory variable for PCOS patients with SAB, which may result in increased PAI-1 concentrations and hypofibrinolysis and contribute to early pregnancy loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sun
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, No.23 YouZheng Street, Heilongjiang, China
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69
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Abstract
This 8-week, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical study investigated the short-term effectiveness and safety of the traditional Chinese medicine, Ningdong (ND) granule in paediatric subjects (aged 7-18 years) with Tourette's disorder (TD). Subjects received either 1 g/kg per day ND granule ( n = 33) or placebo ( n = 31) and tics were measured at baseline and after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. Body mass index, electrocardiogram and laboratory measures were recorded at baseline and at week 8. After 8 weeks of treatment with ND granule, subjects exhibited a 41.39% reduction in the total tic score while the placebo group showed a 10.79% decrease. Regarding side-effects, two subjects reported loss of appetite and one experienced constipation in the ND granule group. There were no significant changes in laboratory and physical examinations. These results suggest that ND granule is both effective and safe, and may be a good candidate for the treatment of patients with TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - A-Y Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - H Lv
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - F-Y Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - F-H Qi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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70
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Ren HZ, Wang JS, Pan GQ, Lv H, Wen JF, Luo GQ, Wang KS, Zhang PF. Comparative proteomic analysis of beta-catenin-mediated malignant progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Dis Esophagus 2010; 23:175-84. [PMID: 19664078 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2009.01001.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
beta-catenin has emerged as a key regulator of Wnt signaling pathway, which plays an important role in the development and progression of various cancers. Its accumulation in nucleus of the esophagus squamous epithelium might be the crucial step for the carcinogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). To detect the proteins correlated with beta-catenin function, we used the established cell lines of pGen-3-con (Eca109 cells transfected by control vector) and pGen-3-CTNNB1 (Eca109 cells transfected by beta-catenin siRNA) as cell models for further analysis. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis technology was performed to separate the proteins of pGen-3-con and pGen-3-CTNNB1 cell lines, respectively. The differential protein spots were analyzed by software analysis, subjected to in-gel digestion, and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Consequently, 13 differentially expressed proteins between the two cell lines were identified, of which 14-3-3sigma, prohibitin, and nm23-H1 were further verified by western blotting and quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Then, the tissue microarray and immunohistochemical analysis were employed to research their relationship in ESCC and their corresponding normal mucosa tissues. The upregulation of prohibitin or the downregulation of 14-3-3sigma and nm23-H1 proteins was significantly associated with the proliferation, invasion depth, and lymph node metastasis of ESCC. There were statistically significant correlations between the expression of beta-catenin and the three proteins. The results presented here might provide potential protein markers to elucidate the mechanism of beta-catenin-mediated biologic characteristics for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-Z Ren
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Medical College, Ministry of Health of China, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
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71
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Lv H, Sang D, Li H, Du X, Li D, Zou G. Thermal Evaporation Synthesis and Properties of ZnO Nano/Microstructures Using Carbon Group Elements as the Reducing Agents. Nanoscale Res Lett 2010; 5:620-4. [PMID: 20672143 PMCID: PMC2893937 DOI: 10.1007/s11671-010-9524-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2009] [Accepted: 01/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ZnO nano/microstructures have been formed by thermal evaporation method using ZnO powders mixed with carbon group elements (C, Si, Ge, Sn, or Pb) as the reducing agent. For cases of mixed precursors of ZnO/C, ZnO/Si, and ZnO/Ge, the pure ZnO nano/microstructures are realized, while for ZnO/Sn (ZnO/Pb) systems, the phase of Pb2O3(Zn2SnO4) generally are represented in the ZnO products. The appearance of Pb2O3(Zn2SnO4) is attributed to the lower melting point and higher vapor pressure of Sn (Pb) in the heating and evaporation processes. The morphologies and sizes of the products are controlled by adjusting the growth regions and/or introducing gaseous argon. Room temperature (RT) photoluminescence spectra indicate that the intensity (peak position) of the ultraviolet emission is increased (redshift) due to the existence of Zn2SnO4 phase in the ZnO products. The Pb2O3(Zn2SnO4) phase in ZnO nano/microstructures plays a important role in enhancing the saturation magnetizations of RT ferromagnetism with respect to the case of pure ZnO products fabricated by the precursor of mixed ZnO and graphite.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China.
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72
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Zhu L, Xu J, Yang X, Shen Z, Wang Y, Zhu F, Lv H, Yan L. Detection of bacterial contamination of apheresis platelets in a Chinese Blood Center. Transfus Med 2009; 19:357-62. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3148.2009.00948.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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73
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Jing ZC, Jiang X, Han ZY, Xu XQ, Wang Y, Wu Y, Lv H, Ma CR, Yang YJ, Pu JL. Iloprost for pulmonary vasodilator testing in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Eur Respir J 2009; 33:1354-60. [DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00169608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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74
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Yuan H, Huang Z, Yang G, Lv H, Sang H, Yao Y. Effects of Polymorphism of the β1 Adrenoreceptor and CYP2D6 on the Therapeutic Effects of Metoprolol. J Int Med Res 2008; 36:1354-62. [PMID: 19094446 DOI: 10.1177/147323000803600624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metoprolol is a lipophilic β1 selective adrenergic receptor antagonist used in antihypertensive therapy. It is metabolized by the protein product of the cytochrome P450 2D6 ( CYP2D6) gene. Few studies have been performed on the association between the β1 adrenoreceptor, CYP2D6 polymorphism and blood pressure. The one reported here is a prospective, observational, clinical study in Chinese Han hypertensive patients on the combined influences of CYP2D6 and β1 adrenoreceptor polymorphisms on the therapeutic effects of metoprolol in 300 out-patients with essential hypertension. The same dose of metoprolol achieved different therapeutic effects in patients with different CYP2D6 and β1 adrenoreceptor polymorphisms. Additionally, different doses of metoprolol could achieve the same therapeutic effects in patients with different CYP2D6 and β1 adrenoreceptor polymorphisms. Knowledge of the combination of CYP2D6 and β1 adrenoreceptor polymorphisms may be used to guide antihypertensive therapy using β1 adrenoreceptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yuan
- Centre of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Z Huang
- Centre of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - G Yang
- Centre of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - H Lv
- Centre of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - H Sang
- Centre of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Y Yao
- Centre of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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75
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Qi FH, Li AY, Lv H, Zhao L, Li JJ, Gao B, Tang W. Apoptosis-inducing effect of cinobufacini, Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor skin extract, on human hepatoma cell line BEL-7402. Drug Discov Ther 2008; 2:339-343. [PMID: 22504743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Cinobufacini, a water-soluble preparation of Chinese medicine, is extracted from the skin of Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor. The present study sought to investigate the effects of Cinobufacini on apoptosis of the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line BEL-7402. Cell viability was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. Cell morphology was observed by Hoechst 33258 staining. Western blotting analysis was used to detect Bax and Bcl-2 expression. Results indicated that Cinobufacini inhibited the proliferation of BEL-7402 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner. Marked morphological changes indicative of apoptosis were observed after treatment with different concentrations of Cinobufacini. Western blot analysis showed that Bcl-2 expression was down-regulated while Bax expression was upregulated. Thus, Cinobufacini may have a significant apoptosis-inducing effect on BEL-7402 cells, and this could prove useful for further anti-cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- F H Qi
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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76
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Lv H, Sun H, Sun W, Liu L, Wang P, Wang X, Cao H. Pharmacokinetic studies of a Chinese triple herbal drug formula. Phytomedicine 2008; 15:993-1001. [PMID: 18339526 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2008.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2007] [Revised: 10/11/2007] [Accepted: 01/18/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Yin Chen Hao Tang preparation (YCHTP) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine formula, which is commonly used for clinical treatment of hepatological diseases. In this study, a rapid and validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to simultaneously identify 6,7-dimethylesculetin and geniposide in rat plasma. This assay was performed on a Dikma Diamonsil RP(18) column (200 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with acetonitrile-methanol-water (0.1% formic acid) as the mobile phase, showing acceptable linearity, intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy (R.S.D.=5%), and absolute recovery for two analytes (74%); the limits of quantitation were 0.4 and 1.12 μg/ml, and the limits of detection were 0.06 and 0.09 μg/ml for two analytes. The developed method was successfully applied to study the effect of formula compatibility on the pharmacokinetics of 6,7-dimethylesculetin and geniposide in YCHTP when orally administrating an effective human daily dose of YCHTP to rats. We surmise that formula compatibility can significantly influence the pharmacokinetics of YCHTP, and we have elucidated and validated the compatible administration of YCHTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lv
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
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77
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Wang JC, Lv H, Gao X, Yan JH, Chen ZJ. DLG1 is highly polarized during mouse oocytes meiotic maturation. Fertil Steril 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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78
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Zhao LH, Zhou JT, Lv H, Zheng CL, Yang YS, Sun HJ, Zhang XH. Decolorization of cotton pulp black liquor by pleurotus ostreatus in a bubble-column reactor. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2008; 80:44-48. [PMID: 18058052 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-007-9313-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2007] [Accepted: 11/05/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Decolorization of cotton pulp black liquor by Pleurotus ostreatus B1 in a bubble-column reactor (BCR) was studied. The optimal conditions for the running of BCR are 30 degrees C, pH 6.0, aeration rate 1.2 L min(-1), and mycelial age 7 days. Under the optimal conditions, the BCR was run for four cycles (each cycle, 12 days) and the same mycelial pellets were reused. The ultimate decolorization and COD removal rates are 76% and 80%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Zhao
- School of Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
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79
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Huang CR, Wang GJ, Wu XL, Li H, Xie HT, Lv H, Sun JG. Absorption enhancement study of astragaloside IV based on its transport mechanism in caco-2 cells. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2006; 31:5-10. [PMID: 16715776 DOI: 10.1007/bf03190635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the transport characteristics and mechanisms for discovering the possible causes of the low bioavailability of astragaloside IV and to develop an absorption enhancement strategy. Caco-2 cells used as the in vitro model. Results showed a low permeability coefficient (3.7 x 10(-8)cm/s for transport from the AP to BL direction), which remained unchanged throughout the concentration range studied, indicating that the transport of astragaloside IV was predominantly via a passive route. The AP to BL transport of astragaloside IV was found to be highly sensitive to the extracellular Ca2+ concentration, which suggested that its transport may be via a paracellular route. Both chitosan and sodium deoxycholate can increase the permeation efficiency of astragaloside IV. This study indicated that astragaloside IV having a low fraction dose absorbed in humans mainly due to its poor intestinal permeability, high molecular weight, low lipophilicity as well as its paracelluar transport may directly result in the low permeability through its passive transport. Meanwhile, chitosan and sodium deoxycholate can be used as absorption enhancers based on its transport mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Huang
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetic Research Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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80
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Giannotti MI, Lv H, Ma Y, Steenvoorden MP, Overweg AR, Roerdink M, Hempenius MA, Vancso GJ. Stimulus Responsive Poly(ferrocenylsilanes): Redox Chemistry of Iron in the Main Chain. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-006-9007-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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