51
|
Servadio M, Manduca A, Melancia F, Leboffe L, Schiavi S, Campolongo P, Palmery M, Ascenzi P, di Masi A, Trezza V. Impaired repair of DNA damage is associated with autistic-like traits in rats prenatally exposed to valproic acid. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2018; 28:85-96. [PMID: 29174949 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to the antiepileptic and mood stabilizer valproic acid (VPA) is an environmental risk factor for autism spectrum disorders (ASD), although recent epidemiological studies show that the public awareness of this association is still limited. Based on the clinical findings, prenatal VPA exposure in rodents is a widely used preclinical model of ASD. However, there is limited information about the precise biochemical mechanisms underlying the link between ASD and VPA. Here, we tested the effects of increasing doses of VPA on behavioral features resembling core and secondary symptoms of ASD in rats. Only when administered prenatally at the dose of 500mg/kg, VPA induced deficits in communication and social discrimination in rat pups, and altered social behavior and emotionality in the adolescent and adult offspring in the absence of gross malformations. This dose of VPA inhibited histone deacetylase in rat embryos and favored the formation of DNA double strand breaks (DSB), but impaired their repair. The defective DSB response was no more visible in one-day-old pups, thus supporting the hypothesis that unrepaired VPA-induced DNA damage at the time of neural tube closure may underlie the autistic-like traits displayed in the course of development by rats prenatally exposed to VPA. These experiments help to understand the neurodevelopmental trajectories affected by prenatal VPA exposure and identify a biochemical link between VPA exposure during gestation and ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Servadio
- Department of Science, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University "Roma Tre", Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonia Manduca
- Department of Science, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University "Roma Tre", Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Melancia
- Department of Science, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University "Roma Tre", Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Loris Leboffe
- Department of Science, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University "Roma Tre", Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Schiavi
- Department of Science, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University "Roma Tre", Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Campolongo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maura Palmery
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Department of Science, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University "Roma Tre", Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra di Masi
- Department of Science, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University "Roma Tre", Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Trezza
- Department of Science, Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University "Roma Tre", Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Russo R, Giordano D, Paredi G, Marchesani F, Milazzo L, Altomonte G, Del Canale P, Abbruzzetti S, Ascenzi P, di Prisco G, Viappiani C, Fago A, Bruno S, Smulevich G, Verde C. The Greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus-Hemoglobins and ligand-binding properties. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186181. [PMID: 29023598 PMCID: PMC5638460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A large amount of data is currently available on the adaptive mechanisms of polar bony fish hemoglobins, but structural information on those of cartilaginous species is scarce. This study presents the first characterisation of the hemoglobin system of one of the longest-living vertebrate species (392 ± 120 years), the Arctic shark Somniosus microcephalus. Three major hemoglobins are found in its red blood cells and are made of two copies of the same α globin combined with two copies of three very similar β subunits. The three hemoglobins show very similar oxygenation and carbonylation properties, which are unaffected by urea, a very important compound in marine elasmobranch physiology. They display identical electronic absorption and resonance Raman spectra, indicating that their heme-pocket structures are identical or highly similar. The quaternary transition equilibrium between the relaxed (R) and the tense (T) states is more dependent on physiological allosteric effectors than in human hemoglobin, as also demonstrated in polar teleost hemoglobins. Similar to other cartilaginous fishes, we found no evidence for functional differentiation among the three isoforms. The very similar ligand-binding properties suggest that regulatory control of O2 transport may be at the cellular level and that it may involve changes in the cellular concentrations of allosteric effectors and/or variations of other systemic factors. The hemoglobins of this polar shark have evolved adaptive decreases in O2 affinity in comparison to temperate sharks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Russo
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Giordano
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, Naples, Italy
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluca Paredi
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 23/A, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesco Marchesani
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 23/A, Parma, Italy
| | - Lisa Milazzo
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff”, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3–13, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Giovanna Altomonte
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università Roma 3, Viale Marconi 448, Roma, Italy
| | - Pietro Del Canale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7A, Parma, Italy
| | - Stefania Abbruzzetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7A, Parma, Italy
- NEST Istituto Nanoscienze, CNR, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Microscopia Elettronica, Università RomaTre, Via della Vasca Navale 79, Roma, Italy
| | - Guido di Prisco
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristiano Viappiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7A, Parma, Italy
- NEST Istituto Nanoscienze, CNR, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, Italy
| | - Angela Fago
- Zoophysiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Stefano Bruno
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 23/A, Parma, Italy
| | - Giulietta Smulevich
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff”, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3–13, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Cinzia Verde
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, Naples, Italy
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università Roma 3, Viale Marconi 448, Roma, Italy
- * E-mail: ,
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Leboffe L, di Masi A, Trezza V, Polticelli F, Ascenzi P. Human serum albumin: A modulator of cannabinoid drugs. IUBMB Life 2017; 69:834-840. [PMID: 28976704 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system is a unique neuromodulatory system that affects a wide range of biological processes and maintains the homeostasis in all mammal body systems. In recent years, several pharmacological tools to target endocannabinoid neurotransmission have been developed, including direct and indirect cannabinoid agonists and cannabinoid antagonists. Due to their hydrophobic nature, cannabinoid agonists and antagonists need to bind specific transporters to allow their distribution in body fluids. Human serum albumin (HSA), the most abundant plasma protein, is a key determinant of drug pharmacokinetics. As HSA binds both the endocannabinoid anandamide and the active ingredient of Cannabis sativa, Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, we hypothesize that HSA can be the most important carrier of cannabinoid drugs. In silico docking observations strongly indicate that HSA avidly binds the indirect cannabinoid agonists URB597, AM5206, JZL184, JZL195, and AM404, the direct cannabinoid agonists WIN55,212-2 and CP55,940, and the prototypical cannabinoid antagonist/inverse agonist SR141716. Values of the free energy for cannabinoid drugs binding to HSA range between -5.4 kcal mol-1 and -10.9 kcal mol-1 . Accounting for the HSA concentration in vivo (∼ 7.5 × 10-4 M), values of the free energy here determined suggest that the formation of the HSA:cannabinoid drug complexes may occur in vivo. Therefore, HSA appears to be an important determinant for cannabinoid efficacy and may guide the choice of the drug dose regimen to optimize drug efficacy and to avoid drug-related toxicity. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(11):834-840, 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loris Leboffe
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Viviana Trezza
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Abstract
A polyglutamine expansion of the N-terminal region of huntingtin (Htt) causes Huntington's disease, a severe neurodegenerative disorder. Htt huge multidomain structure, the presence of disordered regions, and the lack of sequence homologs of known structure, so far prevented structural studies of Htt, making the study of its structure-function relationships very difficult. In this work, the presence and location of five Htt ordered domains (named from Hunt1 to Hunt5) has been detected and the structure of these domains has been predicted for the first time using a combined threading/ab initio modeling approach. This work has led to the identification of a previously undetected HEAT repeats region in the Hunt3 domain. Furthermore, a putative function has been assigned to four out of the five domains. Hunt1 and Hunt5, displaying structural similarity with the regulatory subunit A of protein phosphatase 2A, are predicted to play a role in regulating the phosphorylation status of cellular proteins. Hunt2 and Hunt3 are predicted to be homologs of two yeast importins and to mediate vescicles transport and protein trafficking. Finally, a comprehensive analysis of the Htt interactome has been carried out and is discussed to provide a global picture of the Htt's structure-function relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Brandi
- a Department of Sciences , Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446 , Roma I-00146 , Italy
| | - Valentina Di Lella
- a Department of Sciences , Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446 , Roma I-00146 , Italy
| | - Maria Marino
- a Department of Sciences , Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446 , Roma I-00146 , Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- a Department of Sciences , Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446 , Roma I-00146 , Italy.,b Interdepartmental Laboratory for Electron Microscopy , Roma Tre University , Roma I-00146 , Italy
| | - Fabio Polticelli
- a Department of Sciences , Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446 , Roma I-00146 , Italy.,c National Institute of Nuclear Physics , Roma Tre University, Roma Tre Section , Roma I-00146 , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Ascenzi P, Bocedi A, Gioia M, Fanali G, Fasano M, Coletta M. Warfarin inhibits allosterically the reductive nitrosylation of ferric human serum heme-albumin. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 177:63-75. [PMID: 28926756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Human serum heme-albumin (HSA-heme-Fe) displays heme-based ligand binding and (pseudo-)enzymatic properties. Here, the effect of the prototypical drug warfarin on kinetics and thermodynamics of NO binding to ferric and ferrous HSA-heme-Fe (HSA-heme-Fe(III) and HSA-heme-Fe(II), respectively) and on the NO-mediated reductive nitrosylation of the heme-Fe atom is reported; data were obtained between pH5.5 and 9.5 at 20.0°C. Since warfarin is a common drug, its effect on the reactivity of HSA-heme-Fe represents a relevant issue in the pharmacological therapy management. The inhibition of NO binding to HSA-heme-Fe(III) and HSA-heme-Fe(II) as well as of the NO-mediated reductive nitrosylation of the heme-Fe(III) atom by warfarin has been ascribed to drug binding to the fatty acid binding site 2 (FA2), shifting allosterically the penta-to-six coordination equilibrium of the heme-Fe atom toward the low reactive species showing the six-coordinated metal center by His146 and Tyr161 residues. These data: (i) support the role of HSA-heme-Fe in trapping NO, (ii) highlight the modulation of the heme-Fe-based reactivity by drugs, and (iii) could be relevant for the modulation of HSA functions by drugs in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, I-00146 Roma, Italy.
| | - Alessio Bocedi
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technology, University of Roma "Tor Vergata", I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Magda Gioia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma "Tor Vergata", I-00133 Roma, Italy; Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Fasano
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, I-21052 Busto Arsizio, VA, Italy; Neuroscience Research Center, University of Insubria, I-21052 Busto Arsizio, VA, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma "Tor Vergata", I-00133 Roma, Italy; Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Ascenzi P, Pesce A. Peroxynitrite scavenging by Campylobacter jejuni truncated hemoglobin P. J Biol Inorg Chem 2017; 22:1141-1150. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-017-1490-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
57
|
Fiocchetti M, Cipolletti M, Brandi V, Polticelli F, Ascenzi P. Neuroglobin and friends. J Mol Recognit 2017; 30. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fabio Polticelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze; Università Roma Tre; Rome Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; Sezione dell'Università Roma Tre; Rome Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Microscopia Elettronica; Università Roma Tre; Rome Italy
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Abstract
The molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90α) regulates cell proteostasis and mitigates the harmful effects of endogenous and exogenous stressors on the proteome. Indeed, the inhibition of Hsp90α ATPase activity affects the cellular response to ionizing radiation (IR). Although the interplay between Hsp90α and several DNA damage response (DDR) proteins has been reported, its role in the DDR is still unclear. Here, we show that ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated kinase (ATM) and nibrin (NBN), but not 53BP1, RAD50, and MRE11, are Hsp90α clients as the Hsp90α inhibitor 17-(allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) induces ATM and NBN polyubiquitination and proteosomal degradation in normal fibroblasts and lymphoblastoid cell lines. Hsp90α-ATM and Hsp90α-NBN complexes are present in unstressed and irradiated cells, allowing the maintenance of ATM and NBN stability that is required for the MRE11/RAD50/NBN complex-dependent ATM activation and the ATM-dependent phosphorylation of both NBN and Hsp90α in response to IR-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Hsp90α forms a complex also with ph-Ser1981-ATM following IR. Upon phosphorylation, NBN dissociates from Hsp90α and translocates at the DSBs, while phThr5/7-Hsp90α is not recruited at the damaged sites. The inhibition of Hsp90α affects nuclear localization of MRE11 and RAD50, impairs DDR signaling (e.g., BRCA1 and CHK2 phosphorylation), and slows down DSBs repair. Hsp90α inhibition does not affect DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) activity, which possibly phosphorylates Hsp90α and H2AX after IR. Notably, Hsp90α inhibition causes H2AX phosphorylation in proliferating cells, this possibly indicating replication stress events. Overall, present data shed light on the regulatory role of Hsp90α on the DDR, controlling ATM and NBN stability and influencing the DSBs signaling and repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Pennisi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio Antoccia
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Roma, Italy
| | - Stefano Leone
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandra di Masi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Roma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Ascenzi P, Ciaccio C, Gasperi T, Pesce A, Caporaso L, Coletta M. Hydroxylamine-induced oxidation of ferrous carbonylated truncated hemoglobins from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Campylobacter jejuni is limited by carbon monoxide dissociation. J Biol Inorg Chem 2017. [PMID: 28646425 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-017-1476-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxylamine (HA) is an oxidant of ferrous globins and its action has been reported to be inhibited by CO, even though this mechanism has not been clarified. Here, kinetics of the HA-mediated oxidation of ferrous carbonylated Mycobacterium tuberculosis truncated hemoglobin N and O (Mt-trHbN(II)-CO and Mt-trHbO(II)-CO, respectively) and Campylobacter jejuni truncated hemoglobin P (Cj-trHbP(II)-CO), at pH 7.2 and 20.0 °C, are reported. Mixing Mt-trHbN(II)-CO, Mt-trHbO(II)-CO, and Cj-trHbP(II)-CO solution with the HA solution brings about absorption spectral changes reflecting the disappearance of the ferrous carbonylated derivatives with the concomitant formation of the ferric species. HA oxidizes irreversibly Mt-trHbN(II)-CO, Mt-trHbO(II)-CO, and Cj-trHbP(II)-CO with the 1:2 stoichiometry. The dissociation of CO turns out to be the rate-limiting step for the oxidation of Mt-trHbN(II)-CO, Mt-trHbO(II)-CO, and Cj-trHbP(II)-CO by HA. Values of the second-order rate constant for HA-mediated oxidation of Mt-trHbN(II)-CO, Mt-trHbO(II)-CO, and Cj-trHbP(II)-CO range between 8.8 × 104 and 8.6 × 107 M-1 s-1, reflecting different structural features of the heme distal pocket. This study (1) demonstrates that the inhibitory effect of CO is linked to the dissociation of this ligand, giving a functional basis to previous studies, (2) represents the first comparative investigation of the oxidation of ferrous carbonylated bacterial 2/2 globins belonging to the N, O, and P groups by HA, (3) casts light on the correlation between kinetics of HA-mediated oxidation and carbonylation of globins, and (4) focuses on structural determinants modulating the HA-induced oxidation process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, 00146, Rome, Italy.
| | - Chiara Ciaccio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy.,Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Tecla Gasperi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pesce
- Department of Physics, University of Genova, 16146, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lucia Caporaso
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Roma Tre University, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy.,Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, 70126, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Polticelli F, Leboffe L, Tortosa V, Trezza V, Fanali G, Fasano M, Ascenzi P. Cantharidin inhibits competitively heme-Fe(III) binding to the FA1 site of human serum albumin. J Mol Recognit 2017; 30. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Polticelli
- Department of Sciences; Roma Tre University; Roma Italy
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Roma Tre Section; Rome Italy
| | - Loris Leboffe
- Department of Sciences; Roma Tre University; Roma Italy
| | | | | | | | - Mauro Fasano
- Department of Science and High Technology; University of Insubria; Busto Arsizio Varese Italy
- Neuroscience Research Center; University of Insubria; Busto Arsizio Varese Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory for Electron Microscopy; Roma Tre University; Roma Italy
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Abstract
Horse heart carboxymethylated-cyt[Formula: see text] (CM-cyt[Formula: see text] displays myoglobin-like properties due to the cleavage of the heme-Fe-Met80 axial bond. Here, reductive nitrosylation of CM-cyt[Formula: see text](III) between pH 8.5 and 9.5, at [Formula: see text] 20.0 C, is reported. Under anaerobic conditions, the addition of NO to CM-cyt[Formula: see text](III) leads to the transient formation of CM-cyt[Formula: see text](III)-NO in equilibrium with CM-cyt[Formula: see text](II)-NO[Formula: see text]. In turn, CM-cyt[Formula: see text](II)-NO[Formula: see text] is converted to CM-cyt[Formula: see text](II) by OH[Formula: see text]-based catalysis. Then, CM-cyt[Formula: see text](II) binds NO very rapidly leading to CM-cyt[Formula: see text](II)-NO. Kinetics of NO binding to CM-cyt[Formula: see text](III) is independent of the ligand concentration, [Formula: see text] values ranging between 3.6 ± 0.4 s[Formula: see text] and 7.1 ± 0.7 s[Formula: see text]. This indicates that the formation of the CM-cytc(III)-NO complex is rate-limited by the cleavage of the weak heme-Fe(III) distal bond (likely Lys79). The conversion of CM-cyt[Formula: see text](III)-NO to CM-cyt[Formula: see text](II)-NO is rate-limited by the OH[Formula: see text]-mediated reduction of CM-cyt[Formula: see text](II)-NO[Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text] (1.2 ± 0.1) × 103 M[Formula: see text].s[Formula: see text]. Lastly, the very fast nitrosylation of CM-cyt[Formula: see text](II) takes place, values of [Formula: see text] ranging between[Formula: see text]5.3 × 106 M[Formula: see text].s[Formula: see text] and 1.4 × 107 M[Formula: see text].s[Formula: see text]. These results indicate that CM-cyt[Formula: see text] behaves as the cardiolipin-cyt[Formula: see text] complex highlighting the role of the sixth axial ligand of the heme-Fe atom in the modulation of the metal-based reactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, I-00146, Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara Ciaccio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanna De Simone
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Roberto Santucci
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Fundueanu G, Constantin M, Bucatariu S, Ascenzi P. pH/thermo-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-maleic acid) hydrogel with a sensor and an actuator for biomedical applications. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
63
|
Codrich M, Bertuzzi M, Russo R, Francescatto M, Espinoza S, Zentilin L, Giacca M, Cesselli D, Beltrami AP, Ascenzi P, Zucchelli S, Persichetti F, Leanza G, Gustincich S. Neuronal hemoglobin affects dopaminergic cells' response to stress. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2538. [PMID: 28055011 PMCID: PMC5386368 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Hemoglobin (Hb) is the major protein in erythrocytes and carries oxygen (O2) throughout the body. Recently, Hb has been found synthesized in atypical sites, including the brain. Hb is highly expressed in A9 dopaminergic (DA) neurons of the substantia nigra (SN), whose selective degeneration leads to Parkinson's disease (PD). Here we show that Hb confers DA cells' susceptibility to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and rotenone, neurochemical cellular models of PD. The toxic property of Hb does not depend on O2 binding and is associated with insoluble aggregate formation in the nucleolus. Neurochemical stress induces epigenetic modifications, nucleolar alterations and autophagy inhibition that depend on Hb expression. When adeno-associated viruses carrying α- and β-chains of Hb are stereotaxically injected into mouse SN, Hb forms aggregates and causes motor learning impairment. These results position Hb as a potential player in DA cells' homeostasis and dysfunction in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Codrich
- Area of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont ‘A. Avogadro', via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Maria Bertuzzi
- Area of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy
| | - Roberta Russo
- Area of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy
| | - Margherita Francescatto
- Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Stefano Espinoza
- Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | | | | | - Daniela Cesselli
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Piazzale Kolbe 4, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Antonio Paolo Beltrami
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Piazzale Kolbe 4, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, viale G. Marconi 446, Roma 00146, Italy
| | - Silvia Zucchelli
- Area of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont ‘A. Avogadro', via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Francesca Persichetti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont ‘A. Avogadro', via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Giampiero Leanza
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Fleming 22, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Stefano Gustincich
- Area of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Ascenzi P, di Masi A, Leboffe L, Fiocchetti M, Nuzzo MT, Brunori M, Marino M. Neuroglobin: From structure to function in health and disease. Mol Aspects Med 2016; 52:1-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
65
|
Sinibaldi F, Milazzo L, Howes BD, Piro MC, Fiorucci L, Polticelli F, Ascenzi P, Coletta M, Smulevich G, Santucci R. The key role played by charge in the interaction of cytochrome c with cardiolipin. J Biol Inorg Chem 2016; 22:19-29. [PMID: 27826772 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-016-1404-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome c undergoes structural variations upon binding of cardiolipin, one of the phospholipids constituting the mitochondrial membrane. Although several mechanisms governing cytochrome c/cardiolipin (cyt c/CL) recognition have been proposed, the interpretation of the process remains, at least in part, unknown. To better define the steps characterizing the cyt c-CL interaction, the role of Lys72 and Lys73, two residues thought to be important in the protein/lipid binding interaction, were recently investigated by mutagenesis. The substitution of the two (positively charged) Lys residues with Asn revealed that such mutations cancel the CL-dependent peroxidase activity of cyt c; furthermore, CL does not interact with the Lys72Asn mutant. In the present paper, we extend our study to the Lys → Arg mutants to investigate the influence exerted by the charge possessed by the residues located at positions 72 and 73 on the cyt c/CL interaction. On the basis of the present work a number of overall conclusions can be drawn: (i) position 72 must be occupied by a positively charged residue to assure cyt c/CL recognition; (ii) the Arg residues located at positions 72 and 73 permit cyt c to react with CL; (iii) the replacement of Lys72 with Arg weakens the second (low-affinity) binding transition; (iv) the Lys73Arg mutation strongly increases the peroxidase activity of the CL-bound protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Sinibaldi
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Lisa Milazzo
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Fi), Italy
| | - Barry D Howes
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Fi), Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Piro
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Fiorucci
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Polticelli
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Marconi 446, 00146, Rome, Italy
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics, 'Roma Tre' Section, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulietta Smulevich
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Fi), Italy.
| | - Roberto Santucci
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Pennisi R, Ascenzi P, di Masi A. Correction: Pennisi, R., et al. Hsp90: A New Player in DNA Repair? Biomolecules 2015, 5, 2589-2618. Biomolecules 2016; 6:biom6040040. [PMID: 27763566 PMCID: PMC5197950 DOI: 10.3390/biom6040040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Pennisi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, Roma I-00146, Italy.
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, Roma I-00146, Italy.
- Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, Roma I-00136, Italy.
| | - Alessandra di Masi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, Roma I-00146, Italy.
- Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, Roma I-00136, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Ascenzi P, di Masi A, Leboffe L, Fanali G, Fasano M. The drug-dependent five- to six-coordination transition of the heme-Fe atom modulates allosterically human serum heme-albumin reactivity. Rend Fis Acc Lincei 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12210-016-0562-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
68
|
Fiocchetti M, Cipolletti M, Leone S, Ascenzi P, Marino M. Neuroglobin overexpression induced by the 17β-Estradiol-Estrogen receptor-α Pathway reduces the sensitivity of MCF-7 Breast cancer cell to paclitaxel. IUBMB Life 2016; 68:645-51. [PMID: 27312786 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Although paclitaxel (Taxol) is an active chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of breast cancer, not all breast tumors are sensitive to this drug. In particular, there is a wide agreement on the low sensitivity of estrogen receptor (ER) α-positive breast cancer to paclitaxel treatment. However, the ERα-based insensitivity to paclitaxel is still elusive. Here, the effect of the E2/ERα-dependent upregulation of neuroglobin (NGB), an antiapoptotic globin, on the reduced sensitivity of breast cancer cells to paclitaxel-induced apoptosis has been evaluated in ERα-containing MCF-7 cells. The E2 pretreatment enhances the ERα activity and significantly impairs paclitaxel-induced apoptosis as evaluated by Annexin V assay and PARP-1 cleavage. NGB displays a pivotal role in the E2/ERα-induced antiapoptotic pathway to abrogate paclitaxel-induced cell death in stable NGB-silenced MCF-7 cell clones. Moreover, in the absence of the active ERα, paclitaxel significantly reduces the NGB cell content. In conclusion, these results highlight the involvement of ERα activation and of E2/ERα-dependent NGB upregulation in the insensitivity of MCF-7 to paclitaxel. These novel findings could have important implications in the development of targeted therapeutics for overcoming paclitaxel insensitivity in ERα-positive human breast cancer. © 2016 IUBMB Life, 68(8):645-651, 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stefano Leone
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy.,Interdepartmental Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Marino
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Abstract
If life without heme-Fe were at all possible, it would definitely be different. Indeed this complex and versatile iron-porphyrin macrocycle upon binding to different “globins” yields hemeproteins crucial to sustain a variety of vital functions, generally classified, for convenience, in a limited number of functional families. Over-and-above the array of functions briefly outlined below, the spectacular progress in molecular genetics seen over the last 30 years led to the discovery of many hitherto unknown novel hemeproteins in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Here, we highlight a few basic aspects of the chemistry of the hemeprotein universe, in particular those that are relevant to the control of heme-Fe reactivity and specialization, as sculpted by a variety of interactions with the protein moiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ascenzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, Viale Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Maurizio Brunori
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche “Alessandro Rossi Fanelli” and Istituto Pasteur — Fondazione Cenci, Bolognetti, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Ascenzi P, Sbardella D, Santucci R, Coletta M. Cyanide binding to ferrous and ferric microperoxidase-11. J Biol Inorg Chem 2016; 21:511-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-016-1361-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
71
|
Fiocchetti M, Cipolletti M, Leone S, Naldini A, Carraro F, Giordano D, Verde C, Ascenzi P, Marino M. Neuroglobin in Breast Cancer Cells: Effect of Hypoxia and Oxidative Stress on Protein Level, Localization, and Anti-Apoptotic Function. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154959. [PMID: 27149623 PMCID: PMC4858147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The over-expression of human neuroglobin (NGB), a heme-protein preferentially expressed in the brain, displays anti-apoptotic effects against hypoxic/ischemic and oxidative stresses enhancing neuron survival. As hypoxic and oxidative stress injury frequently occurs in fast proliferating neoplastic tissues, here, the effect of these stressors on the level, localization, and anti-apoptotic function of NGB in wild type and NGB-stable-silenced MCF-7 breast cancer cells has been assessed. The well-known endogenous NGB inducer 17β-estradiol (E2) has been used as positive control. The median pO2 present in tumor microenvironment of breast cancer patients (i.e., 2% O2) does not affect the NGB level in breast cancer cells, whereas hydrogen peroxide and lead(IV) acetate, which increase intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, enhance the NGB levels outside the mitochondria and still activate apoptosis. However, E2-induced NGB up-regulation in mitochondria completely reverse lead(IV) acetate-induced PARP cleavage. These results indicate that the NGB level could represent a marker of oxidative-stress in MCF-7 breast cancer cells; however, the NGB ability to respond to injuring stimuli by preventing apoptosis requires its re-allocation into the mitochondria. As a whole, present data might lead to a new direction in understanding NGB function in cancer opening new avenues for the therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Fiocchetti
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Manuela Cipolletti
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Stefano Leone
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Antonella Naldini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Fabio Carraro
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Daniela Giordano
- Biosciences and BioResources Institute—CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Cinzia Verde
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
- Biosciences and BioResources Institute—CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
- Biosciences and BioResources Institute—CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Marino
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
- Biosciences and BioResources Institute—CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Di Bella S, Ascenzi P, Siarakas S, Petrosillo N, di Masi A. Clostridium difficile Toxins A and B: Insights into Pathogenic Properties and Extraintestinal Effects. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:toxins8050134. [PMID: 27153087 PMCID: PMC4885049 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8050134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has significant clinical impact especially on the elderly and/or immunocompromised patients. The pathogenicity of Clostridium difficile is mainly mediated by two exotoxins: toxin A (TcdA) and toxin B (TcdB). These toxins primarily disrupt the cytoskeletal structure and the tight junctions of target cells causing cell rounding and ultimately cell death. Detectable C. difficile toxemia is strongly associated with fulminant disease. However, besides the well-known intestinal damage, recent animal and in vitro studies have suggested a more far-reaching role for these toxins activity including cardiac, renal, and neurologic impairment. The creation of C. difficile strains with mutations in the genes encoding toxin A and B indicate that toxin B plays a major role in overall CDI pathogenesis. Novel insights, such as the role of a regulator protein (TcdE) on toxin production and binding interactions between albumin and C. difficile toxins, have recently been discovered and will be described. Our review focuses on the toxin-mediated pathogenic processes of CDI with an emphasis on recent studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Di Bella
- 2nd Infectious Diseases Division, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani", Rome 00149, Italy.
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome 00154, Italy.
| | - Steven Siarakas
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney 2139, Australia.
| | - Nicola Petrosillo
- 2nd Infectious Diseases Division, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani", Rome 00149, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|
73
|
Pennisi R, Salvi D, Brandi V, Angelini R, Ascenzi P, Polticelli F. Molecular Evolution of Alternative Oxidase Proteins: A Phylogenetic and Structure Modeling Approach. J Mol Evol 2016; 82:207-18. [PMID: 27090422 DOI: 10.1007/s00239-016-9738-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Alternative oxidases (AOXs) are mitochondrial cyanide-resistant membrane-bound metallo-proteins catalyzing the oxidation of ubiquinol and the reduction of oxygen to water bypassing two sites of proton pumping, thus dissipating a major part of redox energy into heat. Here, the structure of Arabidopsis thaliana AOX 1A has been modeled using the crystal structure of Trypanosoma brucei AOX as a template. Analysis of this model and multiple sequence alignment of members of the AOX family from all kingdoms of Life indicate that AOXs display a high degree of conservation of the catalytic core, which is formed by a four-α-helix bundle, hosting the di-iron catalytic site, and is flanked by two additional α-helices anchoring the protein to the membrane. Plant AOXs display a peculiar covalent dimerization mode due to the conservation in the N-terminal region of a Cys residue forming the inter-monomer disulfide bond. The multiple sequence alignment has also been used to infer a phylogenetic tree of AOXs whose analysis shows a polyphyletic origin for the AOXs found in Fungi and a monophyletic origin of the AOXs of Eubacteria, Mycetozoa, Euglenozoa, Metazoa, and Land Plants. This suggests that AOXs evolved from a common ancestral protein in each of these kingdoms. Within the Plant AOX clade, the AOXs of monocotyledon plants form two distinct clades which have unresolved relationships relative to the monophyletic clade of the AOXs of dicotyledonous plants. This reflects the sequence divergence of the N-terminal region, probably due to a low selective pressure for sequence conservation linked to the covalent homo-dimerization mode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Pennisi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Salvi
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Valentina Brandi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Angelini
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Polticelli
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, 00146, Rome, Italy. .,National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Roma Tre Section, 00146, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
De Simone G, Ascenzi P, Polticelli F. Nitrobindin: An Ubiquitous Family of All β-Barrel Heme-proteins. IUBMB Life 2016; 68:423-8. [PMID: 27080126 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Rhodnius prolixus nitrophorins (Rp-NPs), Arabidopsis thaliana nitrobindin (At-Nb), and Homo sapiens THAP4 (Hs-THAP4) are the unique known proteins that use a β-barrel fold to bind ferric heme, which is devoted to NO transport and/or catalysis. The eight-stranded antiparallel β-barrel Rp-NPs, which represent the only heme-binding lipocalins, are devoted to deliver NO into the blood vessel of the host and to scavenge histamine during blood sucking. Regarding Nbs, crystallographic data suggest the ability of At-Nb and Hs-THAP4 to bind ferric heme; however, no data are available with respect to these functions in the natural host. Here, a bioinformatics investigation based on the amino acid sequences and three-dimensional structures of At-Nb and Hs-THAP4 suggests a conservation of the 10-stranded antiparallel β-barrel Nb structural module in all life kingdoms of the evolutionary ladder. In particular, amino acid residues involved in the heme recognition and in the structure stabilization of the Nb structural module are highly conserved (identity > 29%; homology > 83%). Moreover, molecular models of putative Nbs from different organisms match very well with each other and known three-dimensional structures of Nbs. Furthermore, phylogenetic tree reconstruction indicates that NPs and Nbs group in distinct clades. These data indicate that 10-stranded β-barrel Nbs constitute a new ubiquitous heme protein family spanning from bacteria to Homo sapiens. © 2016 IUBMB Life, 68(6):423-428, 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna De Simone
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy.,Interdepartmental Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy.,Interdepartmental Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| | - Fabio Polticelli
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy.,National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Roma Tre Section, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
di Masi A, Trezza V, Leboffe L, Ascenzi P. Human plasma lipocalins and serum albumin: Plasma alternative carriers? J Control Release 2016; 228:191-205. [PMID: 26951925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Lipocalins are an evolutionarily conserved family of proteins that bind and transport a variety of exogenous and endogenous ligands. Lipocalins share a conserved eight anti-parallel β-sheet structure. Among the different lipocalins identified in humans, α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), apolipoprotein D (apoD), apolipoprotein M (apoM), α1-microglobulin (α1-m) and retinol-binding protein (RBP) are plasma proteins. In particular, AGP is the most important transporter for basic and neutral drugs, apoD, apoM, and RBP mainly bind endogenous molecules such as progesterone, pregnenolone, bilirubin, sphingosine-1-phosphate, and retinol, while α1-m binds the heme. Human serum albumin (HSA) is a monomeric all-α protein that binds endogenous and exogenous molecules like fatty acids, heme, and acidic drugs. Changes in the plasmatic levels of lipocalins and HSA are responsible for the onset of pathological conditions associated with an altered drug transport and delivery. This, however, does not necessary result in potential adverse effects in patients because many drugs can bind both HSA and lipocalins, and therefore mutual compensatory binding mechanisms can be hypothesized. Here, molecular and clinical aspects of ligand transport by plasma lipocalins and HSA are reviewed, with special attention to their role as alterative carriers in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra di Masi
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, Viale Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Via delle Medaglie d'Oro 305, I-00136 Roma, Italy.
| | - Viviana Trezza
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, Viale Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Loris Leboffe
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, Viale Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Via delle Medaglie d'Oro 305, I-00136 Roma, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Via delle Medaglie d'Oro 305, I-00136 Roma, Italy; Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Microscopia Elettronica, Università Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 79, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
di Masi A, Leboffe L, Trezza V, Fanali G, Coletta M, Fasano M, Ascenzi P. Drugs modulate allosterically heme-Fe-recognition by human serum albumin and heme-fe-mediated reactivity. Curr Pharm Des 2016; 21:1837-47. [PMID: 25732555 DOI: 10.2174/1381612821666150302114430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) represents an important determinant of plasma oncotic pressure and a relevant factor that modulates fluid distribution between the body compartments. Moreover, HSA (i) represents the depot and transporter of several compounds, both endogenous and exogenous, (ii) affects the pharmacokinetics of many drugs, (iii) regulates chemical modifications of some ligands, (iv) shows (pseudo-)enzymatic properties, (v) inactivates some toxic compounds, and (vi) displays anti-oxidant properties. HSA binding and (pseudo-)enzymatic properties are regulated competitively, allosterically, and by covalent modifications. While competitive inhibition of HSA binding properties is evident, allosteric mechanisms and covalent modifications affecting HSA reactivity are less clear. In several pathological conditions in which free heme-Fe levels increase, the buffering capacity of plasma hemopexin is overwhelmed and most of heme-Fe binds to the fatty acid site 1 of HSA. HSA-heme-Fe displays globin-like properties; in turn, heme-Fe modulates competitively and allosterically HSA binding and reactivity properties. Remarkably, heme-Fe-mediated HSA properties are time-dependent, representing a case for "chronosteric effects". Here, we review the drug-based modulation of (i) heme-Fe-recognition by HSA and (ii) heme-Fe-mediated reactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, I-00146 Roma, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Di Muzio E, Polticelli F, di Masi A, Fanali G, Fasano M, Ascenzi P. All- trans -retinoic acid and retinol binding to the FA1 site of human serum albumin competitively inhibits heme-Fe(III) association. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 590:56-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
78
|
Ascenzi P, Sbardella D, Fiocchetti M, Santucci R, Coletta M. NO2−-mediated nitrosylation of ferrous microperoxidase-11. J Inorg Biochem 2015; 153:121-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
79
|
Pesce A, Bustamante JP, Bidon-Chanal A, Boechi L, Estrin DA, Luque FJ, Sebilo A, Guertin M, Bolognesi M, Ascenzi P, Nardini M. The N-terminal pre-A region of Mycobacterium tuberculosis 2/2HbN promotes NO-dioxygenase activity. FEBS J 2015; 283:305-22. [PMID: 26499089 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A unique defense mechanisms by which Mycobacterium tuberculosis protects itself from nitrosative stress is based on the O2 -dependent NO-dioxygenase (NOD) activity of truncated hemoglobin 2/2HbN (Mt2/2HbN). The NOD activity largely depends on the efficiency of ligand migration to the heme cavity through a two-tunnel (long and short) system; recently, it was also correlated with the presence at the Mt2/2HbN N-terminus of a short pre-A region, not conserved in most 2/2HbNs, whose deletion results in a drastic reduction of NO scavenging. In the present study, we report the crystal structure of Mt2/2HbN-ΔpreA, lacking the pre-A region, at a resolution of 1.53 Å. We show that removal of the pre-A region results in long range effects on the protein C-terminus, promoting the assembly of a stable dimer, both in the crystals and in solution. In the Mt2/2HbN-ΔpreA dimer, access of heme ligands to the short tunnel is hindered. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the long tunnel branch is the only accessible pathway for O2 -ligand migration to/from the heme, and that the gating residue Phe(62)E15 partly restricts the diameter of the tunnel. Accordingly, kinetic measurements indicate that the kon value for peroxynitrite isomerization by Mt2/2HbN-ΔpreA-Fe(III) is four-fold lower relative to the full-length protein, and that NO scavenging by Mt2/2HbN-ΔpreA-Fe(II)-O2 is reduced by 35-fold. Therefore, we speculate that Mt2/2HbN evolved to host the pre-A region as a mechanism for preventing dimerization, thus reinforcing the survival of the microorganism against the reactive nitrosative stress in macrophages. DATABASE Coordinates and structure factors have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank under accession number 5AB8.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan P Bustamante
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Axel Bidon-Chanal
- Departament de Fisicoquímica and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Facultat de Farmàcia, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Leonardo Boechi
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Darío A Estrin
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco Javier Luque
- Departament de Fisicoquímica and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Facultat de Farmàcia, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Anne Sebilo
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Bioinformatics, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michel Guertin
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Bioinformatics, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martino Bolognesi
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Italy.,CNR-IBF and CIMAINA, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy.,National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Nardini
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Leboffe L, Angelini R, Menegatti E, Polticelli F, Ascenzi P. Different disulfide bridge connectivity drives alternative folds in highly homologous Brassicaceae trypsin inhibitors. IUBMB Life 2015; 67:966-70. [PMID: 26545561 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Low-molecular-mass trypsin inhibitors from Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica napus var. oleifera, and Sinapis alba L. (ATTI, RTI, and MTI, respectively) display more than 69% amino acid sequence identity. Among others, the amino acid sequence Cys-Ala-Pro-Arg-Ile building up the inhibitor reactive site, and the eight Cys residues forming four disulfide bridges are conserved. However, the disulfide bridge connectivity of RTI and MTI (C1-C3, C2-C4, C5-C6, and C7-C8) is different from that of ATTI Cys (C1-C8, C2-C5, C3-C6, and C4-C7). Despite the different disulfide bridge connectivity, the reactive site loop of ATTI, RTI, and MTI is solvent exposed permitting trypsin recognition. Structural considerations here reported suggest that proteins showing high amino acid sequence identity and common functional properties could display different three-dimensional structures. This may reflect high inhibitor plasticity in relation to plant-pathogen interactions, plant tissue development as well as the different redox potential of cell compartments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loris Leboffe
- Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Microscopia Elettronica, Università Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Enea Menegatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabio Polticelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, Roma, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione Università Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Microscopia Elettronica, Università Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is an evolutionary conserved molecular chaperone that, together with Hsp70 and co-chaperones makes up the Hsp90 chaperone machinery, stabilizing and activating more than 200 proteins, involved in protein homeostasis (i.e., proteostasis), transcriptional regulation, chromatin remodeling, and DNA repair. Cells respond to DNA damage by activating complex DNA damage response (DDR) pathways that include: (i) cell cycle arrest; (ii) transcriptional and post-translational activation of a subset of genes, including those associated with DNA repair; and (iii) triggering of programmed cell death. The efficacy of the DDR pathways is influenced by the nuclear levels of DNA repair proteins, which are regulated by balancing between protein synthesis and degradation as well as by nuclear import and export. The inability to respond properly to either DNA damage or to DNA repair leads to genetic instability, which in turn may enhance the rate of cancer development. Multiple components of the DNA double strand breaks repair machinery, including BRCA1, BRCA2, CHK1, DNA-PKcs, FANCA, and the MRE11/RAD50/NBN complex, have been described to be client proteins of Hsp90, which acts as a regulator of the diverse DDR pathways. Inhibition of Hsp90 actions leads to the altered localization and stabilization of DDR proteins after DNA damage and may represent a cell-specific and tumor-selective radiosensibilizer. Here, the role of Hsp90-dependent molecular mechanisms involved in cancer onset and in the maintenance of the genome integrity is discussed and highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Pennisi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, Roma I-00146, Italy.
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, Roma I-00146, Italy.
- Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, Roma I-00136, Italy.
| | - Alessandra di Masi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, Roma I-00146, Italy.
- Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, Roma I-00136, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Affiliation(s)
- P Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Roma I-00146, Italy
| | - A di Masi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Roma I-00146, Italy.,Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Roma I-00146, Italy
| | - G Fanali
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, Biomedical Research Division, University of Insubria, Busto Arsizio I-21052, Italy
| | - M Fasano
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, Biomedical Research Division, University of Insubria, Busto Arsizio I-21052, Italy.,Center of Neuroscience, University of Insubria, Busto Arsizio I-21052, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA): (i) controls the plasma oncotic pressure, (ii) modulates fluid distribution between the body compartments, (iii) represents the depot and carrier of endogenous and exogenous compounds, (iv) increases the apparent solubility and lifetime of hydrophobic compounds, (v) affects pharmacokinetics of many drugs, (vi) inactivates toxic compounds, (vii) induces chemical modifications of some ligands, (viii) displays antioxidant properties, and (ix) shows enzymatic properties. Under physiological and pathological conditions, HSA has a pivotal role in heme scavenging transferring the metal-macrocycle from high- and low-density lipoproteins to hemopexin, thus acquiring globin-like reactivity. Here, the heme-based catalytic properties of HSA are reviewed and the structural bases of drug-dependent allosteric regulation are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University , 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - A di Masi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, 00146 Roma, Italy; Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - G Fanali
- Biomedical Research Division, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria , 21052 Busto Arsizio, Italy
| | - M Fasano
- Biomedical Research Division, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, 21052 Busto Arsizio, Italy; Center of Neuroscience, University of Insubria, 21052 Busto Arsizio, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Tilleman L, Abbruzzetti S, Ciaccio C, De Sanctis G, Nardini M, Pesce A, Desmet F, Moens L, Van Doorslaer S, Bruno S, Bolognesi M, Ascenzi P, Coletta M, Viappiani C, Dewilde S. Structural Bases for the Regulation of CO Binding in the Archaeal Protoglobin from Methanosarcina acetivorans. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125959. [PMID: 26047471 PMCID: PMC4457829 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of CO ligand binding revealed that two protein states with different ligand affinities exist in the protoglobin from Methanosarcina acetivorans (in MaPgb*, residue Cys(E20)101 was mutated to Ser). The switch between the two states occurs upon the ligation of MaPgb*. In this work, site-directed mutagenesis was used to explore the role of selected amino acids in ligand sensing and stabilization and in affecting the equilibrium between the “more reactive” and “less reactive” conformational states of MaPgb*. A combination of experimental data obtained from electronic and resonance Raman absorption spectra, CO ligand-binding kinetics, and X-ray crystallography was employed. Three amino acids were assigned a critical role: Trp(60)B9, Tyr(61)B10, and Phe(93)E11. Trp(60)B9 and Tyr(61)B10 are involved in ligand stabilization in the distal heme pocket; the strength of their interaction was reflected by the spectra of the CO-ligated MaPgb* and by the CO dissociation rate constants. In contrast, Phe(93)E11 is a key player in sensing the heme-bound ligand and promotes the rotation of the Trp(60)B9 side chain, thus favoring ligand stabilization. Although the structural bases of the fast CO binding rate constant of MaPgb* are still unclear, Trp(60)B9, Tyr(61)B10, and Phe(93)E11 play a role in regulating heme/ligand affinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lesley Tilleman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Chiara Ciaccio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Bari, Italy
| | - Giampiero De Sanctis
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Marco Nardini
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Filip Desmet
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Luc Moens
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Stefano Bruno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, University Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Bari, Italy
| | - Cristiano Viappiani
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- * E-mail: (SD); (CV)
| | - Sylvia Dewilde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- * E-mail: (SD); (CV)
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Ciaccio C, Ocaña-Calahorro F, Droghetti E, Tundo GR, Sanz-Luque E, Polticelli F, Visca P, Smulevich G, Ascenzi P, Coletta M. Functional and Spectroscopic Characterization of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Truncated Hemoglobins. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125005. [PMID: 25993270 PMCID: PMC4439042 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The single-cell green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii harbors twelve truncated hemoglobins (Cr-TrHbs). Cr-TrHb1-1 and Cr-TrHb1-8 have been postulated to be parts of the nitrogen assimilation pathway, and of a NO-dependent signaling pathway, respectively. Here, spectroscopic and reactivity properties of Cr-TrHb1-1, Cr-TrHb1-2, and Cr-TrHb1-4, all belonging to clsss 1 (previously known as group N or group I), are reported. The ferric form of Cr-TrHb1-1, Cr-TrHb1-2, and Cr-TrHb1-4 displays a stable 6cLS heme-Fe atom, whereas the hexa-coordination of the ferrous derivative appears less strongly stabilized. Accordingly, kinetics of azide binding to ferric Cr-TrHb1-1, Cr-TrHb1-2, and Cr-TrHb1-4 are independent of the ligand concentration. Conversely, kinetics of CO or NO2− binding to ferrous Cr-TrHb1-1, Cr-TrHb1-2, and Cr-TrHb1-4 are ligand-dependent at low CO or NO2− concentrations, tending to level off at high ligand concentrations, suggesting the presence of a rate-limiting step. In agreement with the different heme-Fe environments, the pH-dependent kinetics for CO and NO2−binding to ferrous Cr-TrHb1-1, Cr-TrHb1-2, and Cr-TrHb1-4 are characterized by different ligand-linked protonation events. This raises the question of whether the simultaneous presence in C. reinhardtii of multiple TrHb1s may be related to different regulatory roles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ciaccio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Bari, Italy
| | - Francisco Ocaña-Calahorro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Enrica Droghetti
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Grazia R. Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Bari, Italy
| | - Emanuel Sanz-Luque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Fabio Polticelli
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Roma Tre University Section, Roma, Italy
| | - Paolo Visca
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| | - Giulietta Smulevich
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Bari, Italy
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Fiocchetti M, Camilli G, Acconcia F, Leone S, Ascenzi P, Marino M. ERβ-dependent neuroglobin up-regulation impairs 17β-estradiol-induced apoptosis in DLD-1 colon cancer cells upon oxidative stress injury. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 149:128-37. [PMID: 25683270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Besides other mechanism(s) 17β-estradiol (E2) facilitates neuronal survival by increasing, via estrogen receptor β (ERβ), the levels of neuroglobin (NGB) an anti-apoptotic protein. In contrast, E2 could exert protective effects in cancer cells by activating apoptosis when the ERβ level prevails on that of ERα as in colon cancer cell lines. These apparently contrasting results raise the possibility that E2-induced NGB up-regulation could regulate the ERβ activities shunning this receptor subtype to trigger an apoptotic cascade in neurons but not in non-neuronal cells. Here, human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (DLD-1) that only expresses ERβ and HeLa cells transiently transfected with ERβ encoding vector has been used to verify this hypothesis. In addition, neuroblastoma SK-N-BE cells were used as positive control. Surprisingly, E2 also induced NGB up-regulation, in a dose- and time-dependent manner, in DLD-1 cells. The ERβ-mediated activation of p38/MAPK was necessary for this E2 effect. E2 induced NGB re-allocation in mitochondria where, subsequently to an oxidative stress injury (i.e., 100μM H2O2), NGB interacted with cytochrome c preventing its release into the cytosol and the activation of an apoptotic cascade. As a whole, these results demonstrate that E2-induced NGB up-regulation could act as an oxidative stress sensor, which does not oppose to the pro-apoptotic E2 effect in ERβ-containing colon cancer cells unless a rise of oxidative stress occurs. These results support the concept that oxidative stress plays a critical role in E2-induced carcinogenesis and further open an important scenario to develop novel therapeutic strategies that target NGB against E2-related cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Fiocchetti
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Giulia Camilli
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Filippo Acconcia
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Stefano Leone
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Marino
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Ascenzi P, Coletta M, Wilson MT, Fiorucci L, Marino M, Polticelli F, Sinibaldi F, Santucci R. Cardiolipin-cytochrome c complex: Switching cytochrome c from an electron-transfer shuttle to a myoglobin- and a peroxidase-like heme-protein. IUBMB Life 2015; 67:98-109. [PMID: 25857294 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome c (cytc) is a small heme-protein located in the space between the inner and the outer membrane of the mitochondrion that transfers electrons from cytc-reductase to cytc-oxidase. The hexa-coordinated heme-Fe atom of cytc displays a very low reactivity toward ligands and does not exhibit significant catalytic properties. However, upon cardiolipin (CL) binding, cytc achieves ligand binding and catalytic properties reminiscent of those of myoglobin and peroxidase. In particular, the peroxidase activity of the cardiolipin-cytochrome c complex (CL-cytc) is critical for the redistribution of CL from the inner to the outer mitochondrial membranes and is essential for the execution and completion of the apoptotic program. On the other hand, the capability of CL-cytc to bind NO and CO and the heme-Fe-based scavenging of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species may affect apoptosis. Here, the ligand binding and catalytic properties of CL-cytc are analyzed in parallel with those of CL-free cytc, myoglobin, and peroxidase to dissect the potential mechanisms of CL in modulating the pro- and anti-apoptotic actions of cytc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
88
|
T. Nuzzo M, Fiocchetti M, Ascenzi P, Marino M. Neuroglobin and Estrogen Receptors: A New Pathway of Cell Survival and Cell Death Balance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.2174/1871522214666141014230636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
89
|
Ascenzi P, Leboffe L, di Masi A, Trezza V, Fanali G, Gioia M, Coletta M, Fasano M. Ligand binding to the FA3-FA4 cleft inhibits the esterase-like activity of human serum albumin. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120603. [PMID: 25790235 PMCID: PMC4366387 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl esters of hexanoate (NphOHe) and decanoate (NphODe) by human serum albumin (HSA) at Tyr411, located at the FA3-FA4 site, has been investigated between pH 5.8 and 9.5, at 22.0°C. Values of Ks, k+2, and k+2/Ks obtained at [HSA] ≥ 5×[NphOXx] and [NphOXx] ≥ 5×[HSA] (Xx is NphOHe or NphODe) match very well each other; moreover, the deacylation step turns out to be the rate limiting step in catalysis (i.e., k+3 << k+2). The pH dependence of the kinetic parameters for the hydrolysis of NphOHe and NphODe can be described by the acidic pKa-shift of a single amino acid residue, which varies from 8.9 in the free HSA to 7.6 and 7.0 in the HSA:NphOHe and HSA:NphODe complex, respectively; the pK>a-shift appears to be correlated to the length of the fatty acid tail of the substrate. The inhibition of the HSA-Tyr411-catalyzed hydrolysis of NphOHe, NphODe, and 4-nitrophenyl myristate (NphOMy) by five inhibitors (i.e., diazepam, diflunisal, ibuprofen, 3-indoxyl-sulfate, and propofol) has been investigated at pH 7.5 and 22.0°C, resulting competitive. The affinity of diazepam, diflunisal, ibuprofen, 3-indoxyl-sulfate, and propofol for HSA reflects the selectivity of the FA3-FA4 cleft. Under conditions where Tyr411 is not acylated, the molar fraction of diazepam, diflunisal, ibuprofen, and 3-indoxyl-sulfate bound to HSA is higher than 0.9 whereas the molar fraction of propofol bound to HSA is ca. 0.5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Loris Leboffe
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandra di Masi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Viviana Trezza
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fanali
- Biomedical Research Division, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Via Alberto da Giussano 12, I-21052 Busto Arsizio (VA), Italy
| | - Magda Gioia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Mauro Fasano
- Biomedical Research Division, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Via Alberto da Giussano 12, I-21052 Busto Arsizio (VA), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Ascenzi P, Leboffe L, Santucci R, Coletta M. Ferric microperoxidase-11 catalyzes peroxynitrite isomerization. J Inorg Biochem 2015; 144:56-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2014.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
91
|
Merola R, Tomao L, Antenucci A, Sperduti I, Sentinelli S, Masi S, Mandoj C, Orlandi G, Papalia R, Guaglianone S, Costantini M, Cusumano G, Cigliana G, Ascenzi P, Gallucci M, Conti L. PCA3 in prostate cancer and tumor aggressiveness detection on 407 high-risk patients: a National Cancer Institute experience. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2015; 34:15. [PMID: 25651917 PMCID: PMC4324853 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0127-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common male cancer in Europe and the US. The early diagnosis relies on prostate specific antigen (PSA) serum test, even if it showed clear limits. Among the new tests currently under study, one of the most promising is the prostate cancer gene 3 (PCA3), a non-coding mRNA whose level increases up to 100 times in PCa tissues when compared to normal tissues. With the present study we contribute to the validation of the clinical utility of the PCA3 test and to the evaluation of its prognostic potential. METHODS 407 Italian men, with two or more PCa risk factors and at least a previous negative biopsy, entering the Urology Unit of Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, were tested for PCA3, total PSA (tPSA) and free PSA (fPSA and f/tPSA) tests. Out of the 407 men enrolled, 195 were positive for PCa and 114 of them received an accurate staging with evaluation of the Gleason score (Gs). Then, the PCA3 score was correlated to biopsy outcome, and the diagnostic and prognostic utility were evaluated. RESULTS Out of the 407 biopsies performed after the PCA3 test, 195 (48%) resulted positive for PCa; the PCA3 score was significantly higher in this population (p < 0.0001) differently to tPSA (p = 0.87). Moreover, the PCA3 test outperformed the f/tPSA (p = 0.01). The sensitivity (94.9) and specificity (60.1) of the PCA3 test showed a better balance for a threshold of 35 when compared to 20, even if the best result was achieved considering a cutoff of 51, with sensitivity and specificity of 82.1% and 79.3%, respectively. Finally, comparing values of the PCA3 test between two subgroups with increasing Gs (Gs ≤ 6 versus Gs ≥ 7) a significant association between PCA3 score and Gs was found (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The PCA3 test showed the best diagnostic performance when compared to tPSA and f/tPSA, facilitating the selection of high-risk patients that may benefit from the execution of a saturation prostatic biopsy. Moreover, the PCA3 test showed a prognostic value, as higher PCA3 score values are associated to a greater tumor aggressiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Merola
- Clinical Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Luigi Tomao
- Clinical Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Sciences, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Antenucci
- Clinical Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Isabella Sperduti
- Scientific Direction, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Steno Sentinelli
- Department of Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Serena Masi
- Clinical Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Chiara Mandoj
- Clinical Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giulia Orlandi
- Clinical Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Rocco Papalia
- Urology Department, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Manuela Costantini
- Urology Department, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Cusumano
- Urology Department, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Cigliana
- Clinical Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Department of Sciences, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy.
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy.
| | - Michele Gallucci
- Urology Department, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Laura Conti
- Clinical Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
di Masi A, Leboffe L, De Marinis E, Pagano F, Cicconi L, Rochette-Egly C, Lo-Coco F, Ascenzi P, Nervi C. Retinoic acid receptors: from molecular mechanisms to cancer therapy. Mol Aspects Med 2015; 41:1-115. [PMID: 25543955 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA), the major bioactive metabolite of retinol or vitamin A, induces a spectrum of pleiotropic effects in cell growth and differentiation that are relevant for embryonic development and adult physiology. The RA activity is mediated primarily by members of the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) subfamily, namely RARα, RARβ and RARγ, which belong to the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily of transcription factors. RARs form heterodimers with members of the retinoid X receptor (RXR) subfamily and act as ligand-regulated transcription factors through binding specific RA response elements (RAREs) located in target genes promoters. RARs also have non-genomic effects and activate kinase signaling pathways, which fine-tune the transcription of the RA target genes. The disruption of RA signaling pathways is thought to underlie the etiology of a number of hematological and non-hematological malignancies, including leukemias, skin cancer, head/neck cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, liver cancer, glioblastoma and neuroblastoma. Of note, RA and its derivatives (retinoids) are employed as potential chemotherapeutic or chemopreventive agents because of their differentiation, anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-oxidant effects. In humans, retinoids reverse premalignant epithelial lesions, induce the differentiation of myeloid normal and leukemic cells, and prevent lung, liver, and breast cancer. Here, we provide an overview of the biochemical and molecular mechanisms that regulate the RA and retinoid signaling pathways. Moreover, mechanisms through which deregulation of RA signaling pathways ultimately impact on cancer are examined. Finally, the therapeutic effects of retinoids are reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra di Masi
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, Roma I-00146, Italy
| | - Loris Leboffe
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, Roma I-00146, Italy
| | - Elisabetta De Marinis
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Corso della Repubblica 79, Latina I-04100
| | - Francesca Pagano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Corso della Repubblica 79, Latina I-04100
| | - Laura Cicconi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Roma "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, Roma I-00133, Italy; Laboratory of Neuro-Oncohematology, Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina, 306, Roma I-00142, Italy
| | - Cécile Rochette-Egly
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104 - Inserm U 964, University of Strasbourg, 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP10142, Illkirch Cedex F-67404, France.
| | - Francesco Lo-Coco
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Roma "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, Roma I-00133, Italy; Laboratory of Neuro-Oncohematology, Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina, 306, Roma I-00142, Italy.
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, Roma I-00146, Italy.
| | - Clara Nervi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Corso della Repubblica 79, Latina I-04100.
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Abstract
Iron plays a key role in a wide range of metabolic and signalling functions representing an essential nutrient for almost all forms of life. However, the ferric form is hardly soluble, whereas the ferrous form is highly toxic. Thus, in biological fluids, most of the iron is sequestered in iron- or haem-binding proteins and the level of free iron is low, making haem and iron acquisition a challenge for pathogenic bacteria during infections. Although toxic to the host, free haem is a major and readily available source of iron for several pathogenic microorganisms. Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria have developed several strategies to acquire free haem-Fe and protein-bound haem-Fe. Haemophores are a class of secreted and cell surface-exposed proteins promoting free-haem uptake, haem extraction from host haem proteins, and haem presentation to specific outer-membrane receptors that internalize the metal-porphyrins. Here, structural biology of bacterial haemophores is reviewed focusing on haem acquisition, haem internalization, and haem-degrading systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ascenzi
- Laboratorio Interdipartimentale di Microscopia Elettronica, Università Roma Tre, Roma, Italy; Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy.
| | | | - Loris Leboffe
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Marco Nardini
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Cinzia Verde
- Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
| | - Paolo Visca
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Cilli D, Mirasole C, Pennisi R, Pallotta V, D'Alessandro A, Antoccia A, Zolla L, Ascenzi P, di Masi A. Identification of the interactors of human nibrin (NBN) and of its 26 kDa and 70 kDa fragments arising from the NBN 657del5 founder mutation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114651. [PMID: 25485873 PMCID: PMC4259352 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Nibrin (also named NBN or NBS1) is a component of the MRE11/RAD50/NBN complex, which is involved in early steps of DNA double strand breaks sensing and repair. Mutations within the NBN gene are responsible for the Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS). The 90% of NBS patients are homozygous for the 657del5 mutation, which determines the synthesis of two truncated proteins of 26 kDa (p26) and 70 kDa (p70). Here, HEK293 cells have been exploited to transiently express either the full-length NBN protein or the p26 or p70 fragments, followed by affinity chromatography enrichment of the eluates. The application of an unsupervised proteomics approach, based upon SDS-PAGE separation and shotgun digestion of protein bands followed by MS/MS protein identification, indicates the occurrence of previously unreported protein interacting partners of the full-length NBN protein and the p26 fragment containing the FHA/BRCT1 domains, especially after cell irradiation. In particular, results obtained shed light on new possible roles of NBN and of the p26 fragment in ROS scavenging, in the DNA damage response, and in protein folding and degradation. In particular, here we show that p26 interacts with PARP1 after irradiation, and this interaction exerts an inhibitory effect on PARP1 activity as measured by NAD+ levels. Furthermore, the p26-PARP1 interaction seems to be responsible for the persistence of ROS, and in turn of DSBs, at 24 h from IR. Since some of the newly identified interactors of the p26 and p70 fragments have not been found to interact with the full-length NBN, these interactions may somehow contribute to the key biological phenomena underpinning NBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristiana Mirasole
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Rosa Pennisi
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Pallotta
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Antonio Antoccia
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi – Consorzio Interuniversitario, Rome, Italy
| | - Lello Zolla
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi – Consorzio Interuniversitario, Rome, Italy
- Interdepartmental Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra di Masi
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi – Consorzio Interuniversitario, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
|
96
|
Constantin M, Bucatariu S, Ascenzi P, Simionescu BC, Fundueanu G. Poly(NIPAAm-co-β-cyclodextrin) microgels with drug hosting and temperature-dependent delivery properties. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2014.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
97
|
Ferrucci A, Leboffe L, Agamennone M, Di Pizio A, Fiocchetti M, Marino M, Ascenzi P, Luisi G. Ac-tLeu-Asp-H is the minimal and highly effective human caspase-3 inhibitor: biological and in silico studies. Amino Acids 2014; 47:153-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1855-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
98
|
Fiocchetti M, Nuzzo MT, Totta P, Acconcia F, Ascenzi P, Marino M. Neuroglobin, a pro-survival player in estrogen receptor α-positive cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1449. [PMID: 25299774 PMCID: PMC4237245 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we reported that human neuroglobin (NGB) is a new player in the signal transduction pathways that lead to 17β-estradiol (E2)-induced neuron survival. Indeed, E2 induces in neuron mitochondria the enhancement of NGB level, which in turn impairs the activation of a pro-apoptotic cascade. Nowadays, the existence of a similar pathway activated by E2 in non-neuronal cells is completely unknown. Here, the role of E2-induced NGB upregulation in tumor cells is reported. E2 induced the upregulation of NGB in a dose- and time-dependent manner in MCF-7, HepG2, SK-N-BE, and HeLa cells transfected with estrogen receptor α (ERα), whereas E2 was unable to modulate the NGB expression in the ERα-devoid HeLa cells. Both transcriptional and extranuclear ERα signals were required for the E2-dependent upregulation of NGB in MCF-7 and HepG2 cell lines. E2 stimulation modified NGB intracellular localization, inducing a significant reduction of NGB in the nucleus with a parallel increase of NGB in the mitochondria in both HepG2 and MCF-7 cells. Remarkably, E2 pretreatment did not counteract the H2O2-induced caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) cleavage, as well as Bcl-2 overexpression in MCF-7 and HepG2 cells in which NGB was stably silenced by using shRNA lentiviral particles, highlighting the pivotal role of NGB in E2-induced antiapoptotic pathways in cancer cells. Present results indicate that the E2-induced NGB upregulation in cancer cells could represent a defense mechanism of E2-related cancers rendering them insensitive to oxidative stress. As a whole, these data open new avenues to develop therapeutic strategies against E2-related cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Fiocchetti
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - M T Nuzzo
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - P Totta
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - F Acconcia
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - P Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, University Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 79, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - M Marino
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Constantin M, Bucatariu S, Harabagiu V, Popescu I, Ascenzi P, Fundueanu G. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) pH/thermo-responsive porous hydrogels as self-regulated drug delivery system. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 62:86-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
100
|
Meneghini C, Leboffe L, Bionducci M, Fanali G, Meli M, Colombo G, Fasano M, Ascenzi P, Mobilio S. The five-to-six-coordination transition of ferric human serum heme-albumin is allosterically-modulated by ibuprofen and warfarin: a combined XAS and MD study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104231. [PMID: 25153171 PMCID: PMC4143227 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) is involved physiologically in heme scavenging; in turn, heme-albumin (HSA-heme-Fe) displays globin-like properties. Here, the allosteric effect of ibuprofen and warfarin on the local atomic structure around the ferric heme-Fe (heme-Fe(III)) atom of HSA-heme-Fe (HSA-heme-Fe(III)) has been probed by Fe-K edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The quantitative analysis of the Fe-K edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) signals and modeling of the near edge (XANES) spectral features demonstrated that warfarin and ibuprofen binding modify the local structure of the heme-Fe(III). Combined XAS data analysis and targeted molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provided atomic resolution insights of protein structural rearrangements required to accommodate the heme-Fe(III) upon ibuprofen and warfarin binding. In the absence of drugs, the heme-Fe(III) atom is penta-coordinated having distorted 4+1 configuration made by the nitrogen atoms of the porphyrin ring and the oxygen phenoxy atom of the Tyr161 residue. MD simulations show that ibuprofen and warfarin association to the secondary fatty acid (FA) binding site 2 (FA2) induces a reorientation of domain I of HSA-heme-Fe(III), this leads to the redirection of the His146 residue providing an additional bond to the heme-Fe(III) atom, providing the 5+1 configuration. The comparison of Fe-K edge XANES spectra calculated using MD structures with those obtained experimentally confirms the reliability of the proposed structural model. As a whole, combining XAS and MD simulations it has been possible to provide a reliable model of the heme-Fe(III) atom coordination state and to understand the complex allosteric transition occurring in HSA-heme-Fe(III) upon ibuprofen and warfarin binding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Loris Leboffe
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Gabriella Fanali
- Biomedical Research Division, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, and Center of Neuroscience, University of Insubria, Busto Arsizio (VA), Italy
| | - Massimiliano Meli
- Institute for Molecular Recognition Chemistry, National Research Council, Milano, Italy
| | - Giorgio Colombo
- Institute for Molecular Recognition Chemistry, National Research Council, Milano, Italy
| | - Mauro Fasano
- Biomedical Research Division, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, and Center of Neuroscience, University of Insubria, Busto Arsizio (VA), Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Roma, Italy
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|