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Moore K, Khan NR, Michael LM, Arthur AS, Hoit D. Republished: Endovascular retrieval of dental needle retained in the internal carotid artery. J Neurointerv Surg 2017; 9:e26. [DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2016-012771.rep] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Intravascular foreign bodies are a known complication of medical and dental procedures. Dental anesthetic needles may be broken off and retained in the oropharynx. These needles have occasionally been reported to migrate through the oral mucosa in to deeper structures. Here we present the case of a 57-year-old man who had a retained dental needle that had migrated into his internal carotid artery. The needle was removed using endovascular techniques. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a retained dental needle being retrieved using this method. We review the literature on intravascular foreign bodies, retained dental needles, and endovascular techniques for retrieval of such foreign bodies.
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Moore K, Khan NR, Michael LM, Arthur AS, Hoit D. Endovascular retrieval of dental needle retained in the internal carotid artery. BMJ Case Rep 2017; 2017:bcr-2016-012771. [PMID: 28274944 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2016-012771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravascular foreign bodies are a known complication of medical and dental procedures. Dental anesthetic needles may be broken off and retained in the oropharynx. These needles have occasionally been reported to migrate through the oral mucosa in to deeper structures. Here we present the case of a 57-year-old man who had a retained dental needle that had migrated into his internal carotid artery. The needle was removed using endovascular techniques. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a retained dental needle being retrieved using this method. We review the literature on intravascular foreign bodies, retained dental needles, and endovascular techniques for retrieval of such foreign bodies.
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Khan NR, Smalley Z, Nesvick CL, Lee SL, Michael LM. The use of lumbar drains in preventing spinal cord injury following thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurosurg Spine 2016; 25:383-93. [PMID: 27058497 DOI: 10.3171/2016.1.spine151199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Paraplegia and paraparesis following aortic aneurysm repair occur at a substantially high rate and are often catastrophic to patients, their families, and the overall health care system. Spinal cord injury (SCI) following open thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) repair is reported to be as high as 20% in historical controls. The goal of this study was to determine the impact of CSF drainage (CSFD) on SCI following TAAA repair. METHODS In August 2015 a systematic literature search was performed using clinicaltrials.gov , the Cochrane Library, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Scopus that identified 3478 articles. Of these articles, 10 met inclusion criteria. Random and fixed-effect meta-analyses were performed using both pooled and subset analyses based on study type. RESULTS The meta-analysis demonstrated that CSFD decreased SCI by nearly half (relative risk 0.42, 95% confidence interval 0.25-0.70; p = 0.0009) in the pooled analysis. This effect remained in the subgroup analysis of early SCI but did not remain significant in late SCI. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis showed that CSFD could be an effective strategy in preventing SCI following aortic aneurysm repair. Care should be taken to prevent complications related to overdrainage. No firm conclusions can be drawn about the newer endovascular procedures at the current time.
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McAbee JH, Michael LM, Klimo P. Response. J Neurosurg 2016; 124:884-885. [PMID: 27358963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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Michael LM, Klimo P. Outcomes Research in Neurosurgery: Do Administrative Databases Hold the Answers? World Neurosurg 2015; 84:1193-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2015.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Taylor DR, Venable GT, Jones GM, Lepard JR, Roberts ML, Saleh N, Sidiqi SK, Moore A, Khan N, Selden NR, Michael LM, Klimo P. Five-year institutional bibliometric profiles for 103 US neurosurgical residency programs. J Neurosurg 2015; 123:547-60. [DOI: 10.3171/2014.10.jns141025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT
Various bibliometric indices based on the citations accumulated by scholarly articles, including the h-index, g-index, e-index, and Google’s i10-index, may be used to evaluate academic productivity in neurological surgery. The present article provides a comprehensive assessment of recent academic publishing output from 103 US neurosurgical residency programs and investigates intradepartmental publishing equality among faculty members.
METHODS
Each institution was considered a single entity, with the 5-year academic yield of every neurosurgical faculty member compiled to compute the following indices: ih(5), cumulative h, ig(5), ie(5), and i10(5) (based on publications and citations from 2009 through 2013). Intradepartmental comparison of productivity among faculty members yielded Gini coefficients for publications and citations. National and regional comparisons, institutional rankings, and intradepartmental publishing equality measures are presented.
RESULTS
The median numbers of departmental faculty, total publications and citations, ih(5), summed h, ig(5), ie(5), i10(5), and Gini coefficients for publications and citations were 13, 82, 716, 12, 144, 23, 16, 17, 0.57, and 0.71, respectively. The top 5 most academically productive neurosurgical programs based on ih(5)-index were University of California, San Francisco, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Pittsburgh, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, and Johns Hopkins University. The Western US region was most academically productive and displayed greater intradepartmental publishing equality (median ih[5]-index = 18, median Ginipub = 0.56). In all regions, large departments with relative intradepartmental publishing equality tend to be the most academically productive. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified the ih(5)-index as the only independent predictor of intradepartmental publishing equality (Ginipub ≤ 0.5 [OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.20–1.40, p = 0.03]).
CONCLUSIONS
The ih(5)-index is a novel, simple, and intuitive metric capable of accurately comparing the recent scholarly efforts of neurosurgical programs and accurately predicting intradepartmental publication equality. The ih(5)-index is relatively insensitive to factors such as isolated highly productive and/or no longer academically active senior faculty, which tend to distort other bibliometric indices and mask the accurate identification of currently productive academic environments. Institutional ranking by ih(5)-index may provide information of use to faculty and trainee applicants, research funding institutions, program leaders, and other stakeholders.
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Taylor DR, Michael LM, Klimo P. Response. J Neurosurg 2015; 123:544-545. [PMID: 26561674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Khan NR, Lee SL, Brown M, Reding J, Angotti J, Lepard J, Gabrick K, Klimo P, Michael LM. Highly Cited Works in Skull Base Neurosurgery. World Neurosurg 2015; 83:403-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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McAbee JH, Ragel BT, McCartney S, Jones GM, Michael LM, DeCuypere M, Cheng JS, Boop FA, Klimo P. Factors associated with career satisfaction and burnout among US neurosurgeons: results of a nationwide survey. J Neurosurg 2015; 123:161-73. [PMID: 25679276 DOI: 10.3171/2014.12.jns141348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED OBJECT :The object of this study was to identify and quantify predictors of burnout and career satisfaction among US neurosurgeons. METHODS All US members (3247) of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) were invited to participate in a survey between September and December 2012. Responses were evaluated through univariate analysis. Factors independently associated with burnout and career satisfaction were determined using multivariable logistic regression. Subgroup analysis of academic and nonacademic neurosurgeons was performed as well. RESULTS The survey response rate was 24% (783 members). The majority of respondents were male, 40-60 years old, in a stable relationship, with children, working in a group or university practice, and trained in a subspecialty. More than 80% of respondents reported being at least somewhat satisfied with their career, and 70% would choose a career in neurosurgery again; however, only 26% of neurosurgeons believed their professional lives would improve in the future, and 52% believed it would worsen. The overall burnout rate was 56.7%. Factors independently associated with both burnout and career satisfaction included achieving a balance between work and life outside the hospital (burnout OR 0.45, satisfaction OR 10.0) and anxiety over future earnings and/or health care reform (burnout OR 1.96, satisfaction OR 0.32). While the burnout rate for nonacademic neurosurgeons (62.9%) was higher than that for academic neurosurgeons (47.7%), academicians who had practiced for over 20 years were less likely to be satisfied with their careers. CONCLUSIONS The rates of burnout and career satisfaction were both high in this survey study of US neurosurgeons. The negative effects of burnout on the lives of surgeons, patients, and their families require further study and probably necessitate the development of interventional programs at local, regional, and even national levels.
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Khan NR, Thompson CJ, Taylor DR, Venable GT, Wham RM, Michael LM, Klimo P. An analysis of publication productivity for 1225 academic neurosurgeons and 99 departments in the United States. J Neurosurg 2013; 120:746-55. [PMID: 24359012 DOI: 10.3171/2013.11.jns131708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT Bibliometrics is defined as the study of statistical and mathematical methods used to quantitatively analyze scientific literature. The application of bibliometrics in neurosurgery is in its infancy. The authors calculate a number of publication productivity measures for almost all academic neurosurgeons and departments within the US. METHODS The h-index, g-index, m-quotient, and contemporary h-index (hc-index) were calculated for 1225 academic neurosurgeons in 99 (of 101) programs listed by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education in January 2013. Three currently available citation databases were used: Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science. Bibliometric profiles were created for each surgeon. Comparisons based on academic rank (that is, chairperson, professor, associate, assistant, and instructor), sex, and subspecialties were performed. Departments were ranked based on the summation of individual faculty h-indices. Calculations were carried out from January to February 2013. RESULTS The median h-index, g-index, hc-index, and m-quotient were 11, 20, 8, and 0.62, respectively. All indices demonstrated a positive relationship with increasing academic rank (p < 0.001). The median h-index was 11 for males (n = 1144) and 8 for females (n = 81). The h-index, g-index and hc-index significantly varied by sex (p < 0.001). However, when corrected for academic rank, this difference was no longer significant. There was no difference in the m-quotient by sex. Neurosurgeons with subspecialties in functional/epilepsy, peripheral nerve, radiosurgery, neuro-oncology/skull base, and vascular have the highest median h-indices; general, pediatric, and spine neurosurgeons have the lowest median h-indices. By summing the manually calculated Scopus h-indices of all individuals within a department, the top 5 programs for publication productivity are University of California, San Francisco; Barrow Neurological Institute; Johns Hopkins University; University of Pittsburgh; and University of California, Los Angeles. CONCLUSIONS This study represents the most detailed publication analysis of academic neurosurgeons and their programs to date. The results for the metrics presented should be viewed as benchmarks for comparison purposes. It is our hope that organized neurosurgery will adopt and continue to refine bibliometric profiling of individuals and departments.
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Khan N, Klimo P, Harreld J, Armstrong GT, Michael LM. Mature teratoma of the petrous bone with extension into the cerebellopontine angle: case report. J Neurol Surg Rep 2013; 74:96-100. [PMID: 24294566 PMCID: PMC3836897 DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1349203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Intracranial teratomas in children involving lateral structures such as the petrous portion of the temporal bone are very uncommon. The authors report a case of a petrous teratoma with significant extension into the cerebellopontine angle with brainstem compression. Case Report An 11-year-old girl presented left-sided facial weakness. Computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a multiloculated lesion expanding the labyrinthine structures in the left petrous temporal bone including the vestibule, semicircular canals, and cochlea, with extension to the left cerebellopontine angle via the expanded left internal auditory canal. The tumor was resected via a transtemporal approach with no evidence of recurrence at nearly 2 years. Conclusion Complete resection should be the primary treatment for these tumors to minimize the risk of recurrence. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case report of a mature teratoma originating in the petrous bone with extension into the cerebellopontine angle.
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Klimo P, Jha T, Choudhri AF, Joyner R, Michael LM. Fibromyxoma of the lateral skull base in a child: case report. J Neurol Surg Rep 2013; 74:105-10. [PMID: 24303345 PMCID: PMC3836972 DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1351115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Fibromyxomas and myxomas are benign tumors of mesenchymal origin usually found outside the nervous system, most commonly in the atrium of the heart. They can also arise in the mandible or maxilla, but it is exceedingly rare to find them within the skull base. The history, histologic features, and the literature, with emphasis on other pediatric cases, are reviewed for this uncommon skull base neoplasm. Methods We describe the case of a 13-year-old girl who presented with a 1-year history of facial weakness, numbness, and hearing loss. A large locally destructive tumor centered in the petrous bone was found on magnetic resonance imaging. Results A mastoidectomy combined with a middle fossa craniotomy was performed for gross total resection. The child is disease free 12 months after surgery. Conclusion Diagnosis could not be made solely on radiographic studies because of the lack of pathognomonic imaging features. Radical resection provided the patient the best chance of cure. Long-term surveillance is necessary to monitor for tumor recurrence.
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O'Donnell TJ, Michael LM, Laster R, Fleming JC. Isolated pyocele of anterior clinoid process presenting as a cavernous sinus syndrome. TENNESSEE MEDICINE : JOURNAL OF THE TENNESSEE MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2013; 106:37-43. [PMID: 23691871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A 37-year-old man presented with fever, decreased vision in the left eye, a partial left cranial nerve III paresis, and a left cranial nerve VI paresis. Neuro-imaging showed an opacification of a left pneumatised anterior clinoid process. After failing a course of intravenous antibiotics, a craniotomy was performed with exenteration of the cavity and resolution of symptoms. Although rare, a pyocele of a pneumatised anterior clinoid process may cause ocular morbidity and require surgical intervention.
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Michael LM, Sorenson JM. Resection of an anterior spinal cord AVM through a far-lateral approach. Neurosurg Focus 2012; 33:1. [DOI: 10.3171/2012.v2.focus12161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A small arteriovenous malformation near the craniocervical junction with contributions from the anterior spinal artery was discovered in a young developmentally-delayed woman after she presented with altered mental status and evidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage. The malformation could not be completely treated with endovascular therapy, so it was resected through a far-lateral approach. This stereoscopic video demonstrates how to gain the exposure needed to address a lesion in this area.
The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/ByjPGm_eXLc.
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Usery JB, Michael LM, Sills AK, Finch CK. A prospective evaluation and literature review of levetiracetam use in patients with brain tumors and seizures. J Neurooncol 2010; 99:251-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-010-0126-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2009] [Accepted: 01/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Nozad CH, Michael LM, Betty Lew D, Michael CF. Non-allergic rhinitis: a case report and review. Clin Mol Allergy 2010; 8:1. [PMID: 20181075 PMCID: PMC2835646 DOI: 10.1186/1476-7961-8-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2009] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhinitis is characterized by rhinorrhea, sneezing, nasal congestion, nasal itch and/or postnasal drip. Often the first step in arriving at a diagnosis is to exclude or diagnose sensitivity to inhalant allergens. Non-allergic rhinitis (NAR) comprises multiple distinct conditions that may even co-exist with allergic rhinitis (AR). They may differ in their presentation and treatment. As well, the pathogenesis of NAR is not clearly elucidated and likely varied. There are many conditions that can have similar presentations to NAR or AR, including nasal polyps, anatomical/mechanical factors, autoimmune diseases, metabolic conditions, genetic conditions and immunodeficiency. Here we present a case of a rare condition initially diagnosed and treated as typical allergic rhinitis vs. vasomotor rhinitis, but found to be something much more serious. This case illustrates the importance of maintaining an appropriate differential diagnosis for a complaint routinely seen as mundane. The case presentation is followed by a review of the potential causes and pathogenesis of NAR.
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Krecek RC, Michael LM, Schantz PM, Ntanjana L, Smith MF, Dorny P, Harrison LJS, Grimm F, Praet N, Willingham AL. Prevalence of Taenia solium cysticercosis in swine from a community-based study in 21 villages of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Vet Parasitol 2008; 154:38-47. [PMID: 18440704 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2007] [Revised: 02/15/2008] [Accepted: 03/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The pork tapeworm, Taenia solium, causative organism of porcine cysticercosis and human neurocysticercosis is known to occur in areas of South Africa including Eastern Cape Province but, despite increasing reports of its occurrence throughout the subregion, the prevalence is yet to be clearly established. The parasite presents a potentially serious agricultural problem and public health risk in endemic areas. The human populations considered to be at highest risk of infection with this zoonotic helminth are people living in rural areas most of whom earn their livelihood wholly or partially through livestock rearing. Here we report on initial results of a community-based study of pigs owned by resource-poor, emerging pig producers from 21 villages in the Eastern Cape Province. Lingual examination (tongue palpation) in live pigs, two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), which detect parasite antigen (B158/B60 Ag-ELISA and HP10 Ag-ELISA) and an enzyme immunotransfer blot (EITB) assay, which detects antiparasite antibody, were used to verify endemicity and estimate apparent prevalence. In the absence of a gold standard true prevalence was obtained, using a Bayesian approach, with a model that uses both available data and prior information. Results indicate that the parasite is indeed present in the study villages and that true prevalence was 64.6%. The apparent prevalences as measured by each of the four tests were: 11.9% for lingual examination, 54.8% for B158/B60 Ag-ELISA, 40.6% for HP10 Ag-ELISA and 33.3% for EITB. This base-line knowledge of the prevalence of T. solium in pigs provides information essential to the design and monitoring of sustainable and appropriate interventions for cysticercosis prevention and control.
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Michael LM, Moss T, Madhu T, Coakham HB. Malignant transformation of posterior fossa epidermoid cyst. Br J Neurosurg 2006; 19:505-10. [PMID: 16574566 DOI: 10.1080/02688690500495356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The authors report the case of a 45-year-old man who presented with a short duration of a painful ophthalmoparesis. Initial magnetic resonance imaging revealed an extraaxial petroclival mass characteristic of an epidermoid cyst, with the exception of a contiguous contrast-enhancing lobule. A subtotal resection was performed with the histopathological diagnosis revealing malignant transformation of an epidermoid cyst. Despite aggressive postoperative adjuvant therapy, the patient developed leptomeningeal metastasis and died shortly thereafter. The presence of contrast enhancement at the site of an epidermoid cyst combined with an acute, progressive neurological deficit should alert the treating physician to the possibility of a malignant transformation. When transformation does occur, the clinical and radiological course is quite aggressive as compared with the indolent growth of epidermoid cysts. Treatment options include surgery with adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy. We review the pertinent features of this case along with the relevant literature regarding primary intracranial squamous cell carcinomas.
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Durand DT, Boshoff HM, Michael LM, Krecek RC. Survey of nematophagous fungi in South Africa : research communication. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 72:185-7. [PMID: 16137137 DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v72i2.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Three hundred and eighty-four samples of leaf litter, soil, faeces from domestic and game animals, compost and aqueous cultures of infective nematode larvae contaminated with unidentified fungi were plated out on water agar, baited with pure infective larvae of Haemonchus contortus, incubated and examined for the presence of nematophagous fungi. Duddingtonia flagrans was isolated from five samples, and 73 samples were positive for other nematophagous fungi.
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Van Der Merwe JS, Smit FJ, Durand AM, Krüger LP, Michael LM. Acaricide efficiency of amitraz / cypermethrin and abamectin pour-on preparations in game. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 72:309-14. [PMID: 16562734 DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v72i4.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of an amitraz / cypermethrin pour-on preparation (1 % w/v each) was tested against natural tick infestations of buffaloes, eland and blesbok in three separate trials. The eland were also treated with a 0.02 % abamectin (w/v) acaricidal pour-on preparation. The amitraz / cypermethrin pour-on was effective against Amblyomma hebraeum, Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and Hyalomma marginatum rufipes on the buffaloes. Both acaricides were effective against R. appendiculatus and Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus in the eland. The amitraz / cypermethrin acaricide was effective against R. (Boophilus) decoloratus in the blesbok. Ticks can cause damage to the skins, secondary infections, abscesses, anaemia, loss of condition, tick toxicosis and act as vectors of infectious diseases. Introduction of hosts and / or ticks from endemic to non-endemic areas because of translocation of game, may lead to severe losses. The pouron acaricides tested were effective against natural tick infestations and should always be used according to the manufacturer's instructions and efficacy claims.
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Madison Michael L, Sorenson JM, Samant S, Robertson JH. The treatment of advanced sinonasal malignancies with pre-operative intra-arterial cisplatin and concurrent radiation. J Neurooncol 2005; 72:67-75. [PMID: 15803378 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-004-2712-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Malignancies of the nasal and paranasal sinuses are uncommon tumors, accounting for only 3% of all aerodigestive tract neoplasms. Despite advances in surgical techniques and continued evolution of adjuvant therapies, the 5-year mortality remains unusually high at greater than 50%. In 1996, we begin utilizing a novel strategy in the treatment of advanced sinonasal carcinomas. This consisted of neoadjuvant selective intra-arterial cisplatin with concurrent radiation therapy (acronym RADPLAT) followed by a conservative craniofacial resection. We now report our results for 11 patients treated with this regimen. METHODS Between July 1996 and April 2003, 11 patients with advanced sinonasal malignancies underwent treatment utilizing the RADPLAT protocol followed by a planned surgical resection via a craniofacial approach. Patient charts, operative notes, follow-up clinic notes, and pre- and post-operative imaging studies were reviewed in detail for each subject. RESULTS Histopathological analysis of the tumors revealed seven squamous cell carcinomas (64%), two adenocarcinomas (18%), one adenoid cystic carcinoma (9%), and one sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (9%). T4N0M0 disease was present in nine patients (81%), and two patients had T3N0M0 disease (19%). Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method with an overall survival of 81% at 5 years and a progression-free survival at 5 years of 67%. Mean follow-up is 57.2 months ranging from 12 to 95 months. CONCLUSIONS The treatment of advanced sinonasal malignancies with pre-operative intra-arterial cisplatin and concurrent radiation results in a significant improvement in survival. This can be done safely with high response rates and excellent loco-regional control in T3 and T4 disease. Although are results are encouraging, there is a need for a cooperative, multi-institutional, prospective study.
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Michael LM, Robertson JH. Glomus jugulare tumors: historical overview of the management of this disease. Neurosurg Focus 2004; 17:E1. [PMID: 15329016 DOI: 10.3171/foc.2004.17.2.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of glomus jugulare tumors presents the surgeon with a significant management problem. Because the neoplasm originates in the region of the jugular bulb, it frequently involves the lower cranial nerves, with occasional extension into the posterior fossa. Despite extensive work on the development of surgical and radiation treatment strategies, considerable controversy still exists regarding the optimal management of these lesions. A historical review of the development of management options for glomus jugulare tumors is presented in an effort to offer a foundation for understanding their contemporary treatment.
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van Wyk JA, Cabaret J, Michael LM. Morphological identification of nematode larvae of small ruminants and cattle simplified. Vet Parasitol 2004; 119:277-306. [PMID: 15154594 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2003.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2003] [Revised: 11/07/2003] [Accepted: 11/19/2003] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simplified system has been developed to facilitate identification of nematode larvae of the common nematodes of cattle, sheep and goats. Firstly, in addition to the characteristics conventionally used for identification (such as the shape of the cranial extremity and numbers of intestinal cells), the lengths of the infective sheath tails of infective larvae of each genus/species are related to that of Trichostrongylus spp. instead of using measurements for differentiation. For instance, if the mean length of the sheath tail (the distance the sheath extends caudad beyond the caudal tip of the larva) of Trichostrongylus spp. is assumed to be "X", then that of Haemonchus contortus is 2-2.7"X", and that of Oesophagostomum spp. from sheep is 4-7"X", etc. Secondly, by estimating the proportion of the sheath tail of a larva comprised of a terminal thin whip-like filament, identification is aided, particularly in those L3 of species that resemble one another closely, such as Chabertia ovina and Oesophagostomum venulosum or Oesophagostomum columbianum. After some practice with the system it is usually necessary to measure only one or two sheath tails of L3 in a mixed population, whereupon the identity of most of the remaining L3 can be estimated in relation to those measured, without a need for further measurements. The keys were found to facilitate differential larval identification and are particularly useful for training.
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Mafojane NA, Appleton CC, Krecek RC, Michael LM, Willingham AL. The current status of neurocysticercosis in Eastern and Southern Africa. Acta Trop 2003; 87:25-33. [PMID: 12781375 DOI: 10.1016/s0001-706x(03)00052-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Some information has been documented on the epidemiology of neurocysticercosis in Eastern and Southern Africa through the monitoring of hospital-based patients with neurocysticercosis, community-based serological surveys of particular socio-economic groups of people and surveys of porcine cysticercosis. Studies have revealed that non-pork eaters have as great a chance of infection as a pork eater, the Xhosa-speaking people of the Eastern Cape Province have the highest prevalence of cysticercosis/taeniosis in South Africa probably due to the common practice of free-range pig farming and the lack of sanitation in these areas. Several studies have revealed high prevalence rates in children and interestingly, patients with active cysts suffering from epilepsy. A startling mode of transmission is where self-trained healers use Taenia segments either for benevolent (e.g. in the treatment of severe intestinal tapeworm infections) or malevolent (evil) purposes (e.g. women "poisoning" an unfaithful husband or lover by adding the contents of Taenia solium segments to beer).
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Michael LM, Whitworth LA, Feler CA. Spina Bifida Occulta as a Relative Contraindication for Percutaneous Retrograde Lead Insertion for Sacral Nerve Root Stimulation. Neuromodulation 2002; 5:38-40. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1403.2002._2007.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ozcan G, Shenaq S, Spira M, Michael LM. Augmentation of random-flap survival by implantation of vascularized fascia allografts and temporary immunosuppression: implications for flap fabrication. Plast Reconstr Surg 1997; 99:1666-74. [PMID: 9145137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the possible use of an allogeneic vascular source for flap fabrication. Epigastric fascia with its superficial epigastric vessel pedicle was harvested from the donor rat and microsurgically revascularized in the recipient rat across a major histocompatibility barrier. ACI rats (Rtl-a) served as donors, and Lewis rats (Rtl-1) served as recipients. The recipient rat was immunosuppressed with a daily dose of 2 mg/kg cyclosporin A plus 5 mg/kg prednisone for 4 weeks. Three experiments were performed for skin, muscle, and bone studies. In experiment 1 (20 Lewis rats), placement of the allotransplanted fascia underneath the epigastric skin significantly improved the survival of a random epigastric skin flap raised 3 weeks later (7.35 +/- 0.65 cm2 versus 6.09 +/- 0.90 cm2, p < 0.05). Immunosuppression was discontinued 10 days after flap elevation with no observable additional skin necrosis. In experiment 2 (13 Lewis rats) and experiment 3 (14 Lewis rats), segments of isogeneic muscle and bone were grafted successfully on the allotransplanted fascia, respectively. The survival of these grafts was confirmed by metabolic bone activity, bone labeling, microangiography, and histologic studies and further confirmed 2 weeks after cessation of immunosuppression. An allotransplanted fascia as a vascular source proved in this model its capability to improve the survival of a random skin flap and to accept a free bone or muscle graft with temporary immunosuppression. These findings hold promise for possible use of an allogeneic vascular source in flap fabrication.
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Fourie HJ, Van Amelsfoort AF, Michael LM, Putterill JF. A scanning electron-microscope examination of the scolex of Houttuynia struthionis. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 1997; 64:47-50. [PMID: 9204503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A scanning electron-microscope examination of the scolex of Houttuynia struthionis, a cestode of ostriches, was undertaken in order to study its surface structure. The scolex differs from those of other subfamilies in the family Davaineidae in that it does not have scale-like spines covering the base of the rostellum. Instead, the base is covered with small hooks resembling the larger rostellar hooks in shape.
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Jackson AJ, Michael LM, Schumacher HJ. Improved tissue solubilization for atomic absorption. Anal Chem 1972; 44:1064-5. [PMID: 4657848 DOI: 10.1021/ac60314a032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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