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Funahashi M, Matsuo R, Stewart M. Propagation of synchronous burst discharges from entorhinal cortex to morphologically and electrophysiologically identified neurons of rat lateral amygdala. Brain Res 2000; 884:104-15. [PMID: 11082492 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02854-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular and field potential recordings were taken from the lateral nucleus of the amygdala in a rat horizontal brain slice preparation that included hippocampal formation. Pyramidal cells comprised the majority of labeled cells (77%). Electrophysiological classification based on hyperpolarizing or depolarizing afterpotentials subdivided both the pyramidal and non-pyramidal cell classes, although pyramidal cells tended to have hyperpolarizing afterpotentials (70%) and non-pyramidal cells tended to have depolarizing afterpotentials (63%). Synchronous population bursts were triggered with single extracellular stimuli in the deep layers of entorhinal cortex. These events propagated from deep layers of entorhinal cortex into the lateral nucleus of the amygdala. Latencies were consistent with a direct entorhinal to amygdala projection. Individual lateral nucleus neurons exhibited responses ranging from a long burst response that included an initial period of 200 Hz firing and a tail of gamma frequency firing lasting over 100 ms (grade 1) to an epsp with no firing (grade 4). Half of pyramidal cells responding to events initiated in entorhinal cortex were found to receive epsps strong enough to trigger firing. Only one stellate neuron fired in response to entorhinal stimulation. Excitatory postsynaptic responses included NMDA and non-NMDA receptor mediated components. We demonstrate that synchronous population events can propagate from entorhinal cortex to the lateral nucleus of the amygdala and that pyramidal neurons of the lateral nucleus are more common targets than stellate neurons. We conclude that other synchronous events such as sharp waves and interictal spikes can spread from entorhinal cortex to amygdala in the same manner.
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Kobashi M, Mizutani M, Matsuo R. Water stimulation of the posterior oral cavity induces inhibition of gastric motility. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2000; 279:R778-85. [PMID: 10956234 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.2000.279.3.r778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The response of gastric motility to the administration of water and saline in the larynx and epiglottis was investigated in urethan-chloralose anesthetized rats. Administration of water inhibited motility of the distal stomach, but 0.15 M NaCl did not induce the inhibitory response. Bilateral sectioning of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) abolished the inhibitory response induced by water. Bilateral cervical vagotomies abolished the inhibitory responses, although spinal transection did not affect the inhibitory response. These inhibitory responses have been observed in immobilized animals. The degree of inhibition by water and hypotonic saline was negatively correlated with the sodium concentration. In contrast, the degree of inhibition to hypertonic saline was positively correlated with the sodium concentration. The proximal stomach also showed a reduction in intragastric pressure in response to the administration of water. These findings suggest that water-responsive afferent neurons in the SLN suppress gastric motility via the vagal efferent nerve.
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Matsuo R, Garrett JR, Proctor GB, Carpenter GH. Reflex secretion of proteins into submandibular saliva in conscious rats, before and after preganglionic sympathectomy. J Physiol 2000; 527 Pt 1:175-84. [PMID: 10944180 PMCID: PMC2270057 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.2000.00175.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
1. An indwelling catheter was placed in the left submandibular duct of rats, under pentobarbitone anaesthesia, and connected to an outflow cannula that emerged above the skull. 2. Saliva was collected from the outflow cannula in conscious rats, the same day after recovery from anaesthesia, under four different reflex conditions: grooming, heat exposure, rejection of a bitter tasting substance and feeding on softened chow, repeated in different orders. 3. Saliva flow was greatest for grooming and least for rejection. Protein concentrations were least with heat but much greater and similar for the other stimulations. Acinar peroxidase activity was high for feeding, intermediate for grooming and rejection, and again lowest with heat. Tubular tissue kallikrein activities were moderately low, being greatest with feeding and least with grooming. Secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) concentration was least with heat and similar for the other stimulations. 4. The next day, under pentobarbitone anaesthesia, the left preganglionic sympathetic trunk was sectioned (sympathetic decentralization) and, after recovery, the preceding stimulations were repeated. Flow of saliva showed little change, but protein and peroxidase concentrations and outputs decreased dramatically with grooming, rejection and feeding to levels similar to those with heat, which showed little change. Tissue kallikrein was lowered less dramatically, but the reductions in output were significant except with heat. Patterns of proteins resolved by electrophoresis changed for grooming, rejection and feeding and became similar to saliva from heat, which showed little change. No significant effects on SIgA concentrations occurred. 5. Gland weights from the sympathetically decentralized side were greater than from the intact side at the end of the experiments and histologically showed retention of acinar mucin. 6. Thus reflex sympathetic drive varied with the different stimulations; it was least during heat, but it had pronounced effects on acinar secretion of proteins during the other stimulations. At the same time this sympathetic drive had less impact on tissue kallikrein secretion from tubules and had little influence on flow or the concentration of SIgA secreted.
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Matsuo R, Ohta Y, Ohya Y, Kitazono T, Irie H, Shikata T, Abe I, Fujishima M. Isolated dissection of the celiac artery--a case report. Angiology 2000; 51:603-7. [PMID: 10917586 DOI: 10.1177/000331970005100710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Isolated arterial dissection, which occurs with the absence of aortic dissection, has been reported in carotid and renal arteries but rarely in visceral arteries. A case of isolated celiac artery dissection is reported here. A healthy 58-year-old man experienced sudden upper abdominal pain, which continued for several days. A body computed tomogram (CT) showed a multiple low-density wedge-shaped area in the spleen, which was diagnosed as splenic infarction, and an aneurysm with thrombus in the celiac artery. A selective angiogram showed dilatation of the celiac artery with wall irregularity, and proximal occlusion of the hepatic artery. The distal hepatic artery was fed by collateral arteries from the superior mesenteric artery. Splenic infarction was probably due to the embolism from the thrombus in the dissected celiac artery. The absence of other vascular lesions and causes or risks for the arterial dissection would suggest the occurrence of spontaneous dissection. The dissection of visceral arteries should be considered in diagnosing acute abdominal pain.
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Kimura N, Matsuo R, Shibuya H, Nakashima K, Taga T. BMP2-induced apoptosis is mediated by activation of the TAK1-p38 kinase pathway that is negatively regulated by Smad6. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:17647-52. [PMID: 10748100 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m908622199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, regulates a variety of cell fates and functions. At present, the molecular mechanism by which BMP2 induces apoptosis has not been fully elucidated. Here we propose a BMP2 signaling pathway that mediates apoptosis in mouse hybridoma MH60 cells whose growth is interleukin-6 (IL-6)-dependent. BMP2 dose-dependently induces apoptosis in MH60 cells even in the presence of IL-6. BMP2 has no inhibitory effect on the IL-6-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3, and the bcl-2 gene expression which is known to be regulated by STAT3, suggesting that BMP2-induced apoptosis is not attributed to alteration of the IL-6-mediated bcl-2 pathway. We demonstrate that BMP2 induces activation of TGF-beta-activated kinase (TAK1) and subsequent phosphorylation of p38 stress-activated protein kinase. In addition, forced expression of kinase-negative TAK1 in MH60 cells blocks BMP2-induced apoptosis. These results indicate that BMP2-induced apoptosis is mediated through the TAK1-p38 pathway in MH60 cells. We also show that MH60-derived transfectants expressing Smad6 are resistant to the apoptotic signal of BMP2. Interestingly, this ectopic expression of Smad6 blocks BMP2-induced TAK1 activation and p38 phosphorylation. Moreover, Smad6 can directly bind to TAK1. These findings suggest that Smad6 is likely to function as a negative regulator of the TAK1 pathway in the BMP2 signaling, in addition to the previously reported Smad pathway.
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Matsuo R, Murayama A, Saitoh Y, Sakaki Y, Inokuchi K. Identification and cataloging of genes induced by long-lasting long-term potentiation in awake rats. J Neurochem 2000; 74:2239-49. [PMID: 10820183 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0742239.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Maintenance of long-term potentiation (LTP) requires de novo gene expression. Here we report the direct isolation, using PCR-differential display, of genes whose expression level was altered after induction of long-lasting LTP in the hippocampus of freely moving awake rats. Differential display using 480 primer combinations revealed 17 cDNA bands that showed a reproducible change in expression level. These cDNAs represented at least 10 different genes (termed RM1-10), all of which showed up-regulation at 75 min after LTP induction and a return to basal expression levels within 24 h. Three of these genes were known only from expressed sequence tags (RM1-3), two were known genes whose up-regulation by LTP has not been described (GADD153/CHOP and ler5), and five were known genes whose up-regulation by LTP has already been reported (MAPK phosphatase, NGFI-A/zif268, vesl-1S/homer-1a, Ag2, and krox-20). We characterized the expression profiles of genes in the two former categories with respect to NMDA receptor dependency, tissue specificity, and developmental regulation using northern blotting and semiquantitative RT-PCR. The up-regulation of all five of these genes was NMDA receptor-dependent and correlated with the persistence of LTP, suggesting that these genes may play functional roles in prolonged LTP maintenance.
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Matsuo R, Shirayama T, Inoue K, Matoba Y, Imai H, Shiraishi H, Tatsumi T, Nakagawa M. SD3212, a new antiarrhythmic drug, raises atrial fibrillation threshold in isolated rabbit hearts. Heart Vessels 2000; 14:127-36. [PMID: 10776805 DOI: 10.1007/bf02482296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
SD3212 is a new antiarrhythmic drug which has class I, III, and IV effects. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the electrophysiological effects of this compound on a rabbit atrial fibrillation model, and to test a hypothesis that atrial fibrillation threshold is a quantitative indicator of atrial vulnerability. Whole hearts were excised from rabbits, and the aortas cannulated to perfuse the coronary arteries. Atrial fibrillation was induced with a burst stimulation of 50 Hz for 1 s while 3 microM acetylcholine (ACh) was perfused. When the right atrial appendage was paced at 200-ms intervals, SD3212 prolonged interatrial conduction time: control 30 +/- 1.2 ms, ACh 33 +/- 1.4 ms, ACh + SD 1 microM 37 +/- 2.4 ms, ACh + SD 3 microM 52 +/- 8.1 ms. The drug also prolonged the effective refractory period: control 80 +/-3.0 ms, ACh 48 +/- 3.8 ms, ACh + SD 1 microM 65 +/- 4.7 ms, ACh + SD 3 microM 98 +/- 15 ms. The rate of induction of atrial fibrillation by rapid pacing was 26% in Tyrode's solution, 85% in the presence of ACh, and 38% in the presence of ACh + SD 1 microM. The atrial fibrillation threshold decreased from 8.6 +/- 0.8mA (control) to 2.5 +/- 0.7 mA in the presence of ACh. It increased again to 7.8 +/- 1.0 mA in the presence of SD3212 (1 microM). SD3212 prolonged both the conduction time and refractory period. A reversed use-dependency was not prominent. These features caused antifibrillatory effects. Thus, the atrial fibrillation threshold seems to be a good quantitative indicator of atrial vulnerability.
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Inoue T, Itoh S, Kobayashi M, Kang Y, Matsuo R, Wakisaka S, Morimoto T. Serotonergic modulation of the hyperpolarizing spike afterpotential in rat jaw-closing motoneurons by PKA and PKC. J Neurophysiol 1999; 82:626-37. [PMID: 10444661 DOI: 10.1152/jn.1999.82.2.626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular recordings were obtained from rat jaw-closing motoneurons (JCMNs) in slice preparations to investigate the effects of serotonin (5-HT) on the postspike medium-duration afterhyperpolarization (mAHP) and an involvement of protein kinases in the effects. Application of 50 microM 5-HT caused membrane depolarization and increased input resistance in the most cells without affecting the mAHP, whereas not only membrane depolarization and an increase in input resistance, but also the suppression of the mAHP amplitude was induced by higher dose of 5-HT (100 or 200 microM). On the other hand, when the mAHP amplitude was increased by raising [Ca(2+)](o) from 2 to 6 mM, 5-HT-induced attenuation of the mAHP amplitude was enhanced, and even 50 microM 5-HT reduced the mAHP amplitude. This 5-HT-induced suppression of the mAHP could be mimicked by application of membrane-permeable cAMP analogue 8-Bromo-cAMP, potentiated by the cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor Ro 20-1724 and antagonized by protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H89. The enhancement of the mAHP attenuation induced by 50 microM 5-HT under raised [Ca(2+)](o) was blocked by a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor chelerythrine, suggesting an involvement of PKC in this enhancement. On the other hand, the attenuation of the mAHP induced by PKC activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate was blocked almost completely by H89, suggesting that the PKC action on the mAHP requires PKA activation. Neither 5-HT(1A) antagonist NAN-190 or 5-HT(4) antagonist SB 203186 blocked 5-HT-induced attenuation of the mAHP. We conclude that 5-HT induces dose-dependent attenuation of the mAHP amplitude through cAMP-dependent activation of PKA and that PKC-dependent PKA activation is also likely to be involved in the enhancement of 5-HT-induced attenuation of the mAHP under raised [Ca(2+)](o). Because the slope of the linear relationship between firing frequency and injected current was increased only when the mAHP amplitude was decreased by 5-HT, it is suggested that the relation between incoming synaptic inputs and firing output in JCMNs varies according to serotonergic effects on JCMNs and calcium-dependent modulation of its effects.
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Funahashi M, He YF, Sugimoto T, Matsuo R. Noxious tooth pulp stimulation suppresses c-fos expression in the rat hippocampal formation. Brain Res 1999; 827:215-20. [PMID: 10320712 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(99)01250-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Changes in the expression of immediate early gene c-fos by noxious mechanical stimulation to the mandibular incisor pulp of rats were immunohistochemically examined in the hippocampus (Ammon's horn and dentate gyrus) and the retrohippocampus (subiculum, presubiculum, parasubiculum and entorhinal cortex). The highest control levels were found in subiculum, CA1, dentate and deep medial entorhinal cortex. Lower, but substantial levels were present in the other areas. Whereas weak dentinal stimulation caused increases in c-fos expression in some regions which were not statistically significant, strong tooth pulp stimulation caused a bilateral decrease in c-fos expression in every region except contralateral subiculum. These decreases reached statistical significance in superficial layer parasubiculum bilaterally (p<0.01), bilateral CA1 and ipsilateral side of superficial layer of medial entorhinal cortex (p<0.05). We suggest that inhibitory circuitry in hippocampal formation regions may be activated by peripheral noxious somatosensory inputs and this change in activity is accompanied by a change in the expression of the immediate early gene, c-fos.
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Matsuo R, Kang Y. Two types of parasympathetic preganglionic neurones in the superior salivatory nucleus characterized electrophysiologically in slice preparations of neonatal rats. J Physiol 1998; 513 ( Pt 1):157-70. [PMID: 9782167 PMCID: PMC2231255 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1998.157by.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
1. The electrophysiological properties of parasympathetic preganglionic neurones in the superior salivatory nucleus were studied in thin- and thick-slice preparations of rats aged 1 and 2 weeks using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. 2. The superior salivatory neurones were identified by a retrograde tracing method with dextran-tetramethylrhodamine-lysine. The injection of the tracer into the chorda-lingual nerve labelled the neurones innervating the submandibular ganglia and those innervating the intra-lingual ganglia, while the injection into the tip of the tongue labelled the latter group of neurones. 3. Firing characteristics were investigated mainly in the neurones of 6-8 days postnatal rats. In response to an injection of long depolarizing current pulses at hyperpolarized membrane potentials (< -80 mV) under a current clamp, the neurones labelled from the nerve displayed a train of action potentials with either a long silent period preceding the first spike (late spiking pattern) or a long silent period interposed between the first and second spikes (interrupted spiking pattern). The neurones labelled from the tongue invariably displayed the interrupted spiking pattern. 4. Under a voltage clamp, among the neurones from 6-8 days postnatal rats, those labelled from the nerve expressed either a fast or a slow transient outward current (A-current), while those labelled from the tongue invariably showed a slow transient outward current. Both the fast and slow A-currents were largely depressed by 1 mM 4-aminopyridine. 5. Similar fast and slow A-currents were observed in the neurones of rats aged 14-15 days. Both the time to peak and decay time constant of these A-currents were accelerated, suggesting a developmental trend of maturation in the activation and inactivation kinetics between 6 and 15 days postnatal. 6. Based on the differences in the firing pattern and outward current, the superior salivatory neurones can be separated into two distinct types. We discuss the functional aspects of these two types of neurones with reference to their target organs.
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Matsuo R, Morimoto T, Kang Y. Neural activity of the superior salivatory nucleus in rats. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY 1998; 36 Suppl:203-7. [PMID: 9825923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
We recorded the neural activity of the superior salivatory (SS) neurons in brain slice preparations from neonatal rats in vitro and in decerebrate anesthetized rats in vivo. In the in vitro experiment, the SS neurons were retrogradely labeled by the injection of Rhodamine into the chorda-lingual nerve (labeling SS neurons innervating the submandibular and intra-lingual ganglia) or into the anterior part of the tongue. The SS neurons labeled from the nerve were classifiable into two types: Type-I, tonic firing at a frequency of up to 30 Hz; and Type-II, phasic firing at a higher frequency of up to 70 Hz followed by tonic firing at 30-50 Hz. All of the SS neurons labeled from the tongue were Type-II. Since the anterior tongue is a non-glandular area, the type of cells may be involved in vasodilatation. Type-I neurons, which did not innervate the tongue, may be responsible for salivation. In the in vivo experiment, the reflex activity evoked by taste or mechanical stimulation was recorded from the axons of the SS neurons innervating the submandibular ganglia. These fibers also displayed two firing patterns. One was a tonic firing pattern discharging at 5-30 Hz. The other consisted of a transient firing (about 80 Hz) at the beginning of stimulation and then a prolonged firing at 5-40 Hz. The latter firing pattern was similar to that of the Type-II neurons. These findings suggest that the parasympathetic nerves of the salivary glands contain both the secretory- and vasodilator-type of SS neuron.
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Kaminou T, Nakamura K, Matsuo R, Hayashi S, Matsuoka T, Takashima S, Yamada R. A triple coaxial catheter system for subselective visceral artery catheterization and embolization: preliminary clinical experience. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 1998; 21:255-7. [PMID: 9626448 DOI: 10.1007/bf03035397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We developed a triple coaxial catheter system (TCCS) which consists of a 6.1 Fr outer, a 4.1 Fr intermediate, and a 3.0 Fr inner catheter, all coated with a lubricant. The TCCS was used in seven patients with hepatic tumors, after several attempts to access a targeted vessel with conventional catheters and guidewires failed to reach the targeted vessel. No complications were encountered with the use of this system. TCCS may be a useful device for selective abdominal arteriography.
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Matsuo R, Kato A, Sakaki Y, Inokuchi K. Cataloging altered gene expression during rat hippocampal long-term potentiation by means of differential display. Neurosci Lett 1998; 244:173-6. [PMID: 9593517 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(98)00159-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We have employed mRNA differential display (DD) to generate a catalog of cDNAs whose expression in the hippocampus was regulated during long-term potentiation (LTP) in dentate gyrus of anesthetized rats. DD with 459 combinations of primer pairs revealed that 80 out of approximately 70000 bands displayed showed a reproducible change in their expression level. These cDNAs were categorized into seven groups according to changes in their temporal expression pattern. Some of these cDNAs were induced rapidly, but transiently, after the LTP induction, some induced rapidly and persistently, some induced slowly, and some down-regulated following LTP. This suggests that a complex molecular hierarchy underlies the maintenance of hippocampal LTP.
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Shindo K, Hori T, Hayashi M, Kiyokawa S, Maeda K, Iwasaki S, Maruta N, Yamada J, Morimitsu H, Taide M, Hoshino K, Shimomae H, Matsuo R, Suzu H, Nishimura N, Hashiguchi J, Saito Y. [Efficacy and safety of intramuscular imipenem/cilastatin (IPM/CS) for complicated urinary tract infections]. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS 1997; 50:628-39. [PMID: 9743908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
An intramuscular preparation of imipenem/cilastatin (IPM/CS, 500 mg/500 mg) was administered to 59 patients with complicated urinary tract infections (UTI; cystitis and pyelonephritis) to evaluate its efficacy and safety. The obtained results are summarized as follows: In patients with cystitis, evaluations based on daily frequencies of administration were also performed. 1) According to the treating doctors, the drug showed an overall efficacy rate of 80% (45/56 patients). The efficacy rate was 89% in patients with cystitis treated by a u.i.d. regimen. Among patients treated by a b.i.d. regimen, the efficacy rate was 67% for cystitis cases and 84% for pyelonephritis cases. 2) When clinical efficacy was assessed according to the criteria for UTI drug efficacy evaluation, the drug was 'markedly effective' in 14 patients, 'effective' in 23, and ineffective in 11 patients, for an efficacy rate of 77% (37/48 patients). 3) The microbiological eradication rate was 88% (59/67 strains). The rate was 95% (20/21 strains) for Gram-positive bacteria and 85% (39/46 strains) for Gram-negative bacteria. The efficacy for Enterobacter faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 100% and 73%, respectively. 4) As side effects, pain at the injection site was reported by one patient and abnormal laboratory test values were observed in 2 patients. All of these reactions were mild and resolved shortly after the completion of treatment. Based on these findings, it is concluded that this intramuscular preparation of IPM/CS is effective for treating complicated urinary tract infections.
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Kobayashi M, Inoue T, Matsuo R, Masuda Y, Hidaka O, Kang Y, Morimoto T. Role of calcium conductances on spike afterpotentials in rat trigeminal motoneurons. J Neurophysiol 1997; 77:3273-83. [PMID: 9212274 DOI: 10.1152/jn.1997.77.6.3273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular recordings were obtained from rat trigeminal motoneurons in slice preparations to investigate the role of calcium conductances in the depolarizing and hyperpolarizing spike afterpotential (ADP and mAHP, respectively). The mAHP was suppressed by bath application of 1 microM apamin, 2 mM Mn2+, and 2 mM Co2+, and also by intracellular injection of ethylene glycol-bis(b-aminoethylenether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), suggesting that the potassium conductance generating the mAHP is activated by Ca2+ influx. Mn2+ (2 mM) or Cd2+ (500 microM) reduced the ADP, whereas the ADP amplitude was increased by raising extracellular Ca2+ concentration from 2 to 8 mM by bath application of Ba2+ (0.5-5 mM) and by intracellular injection of EGTA. This would suggest that Ca2+ itself is likely to be the charge carrier generating the ADP. Focal application of omega-conotoxin GVIA (10-30 microM) suppressed the mAHP and enhanced the ADP, whereas focal application of omega-agatoxin IVA (10-100 microM) reduced the ADP amplitude without apparent effects on the mAHP. We conclude that Ca2+ influx through omega-agatoxin IVA-sensitive calcium channels is at least in part responsible for the generation of the ADP and that Ca2+ influx through omega-conotoxin GVIA-sensitive calcium channels contributes to the generation of the mAHP. Because of the selective suppression of the ADP and mAHP by omega-agatoxin IVA and omega-conotoxin GVIA, respectively, it is suggested that both calcium channels are separated geometrically in rat trigeminal motoneurons.
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Hidaka O, Morimoto T, Masuda Y, Kato T, Matsuo R, Inoue T, Kobayashi M, Takada K. Regulation of masticatory force during cortically induced rhythmic jaw movements in the anesthetized rabbit. J Neurophysiol 1997; 77:3168-79. [PMID: 9212266 DOI: 10.1152/jn.1997.77.6.3168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To examine the relationships between masticatory force, electromyogram (EMG) of masticatory muscles, and jaw movement pattern, we quantitatively evaluated the effects of changing hardness of a chewing substance on these three variables. Cortically induced rhythmic jaw movements of a crescent-shaped pattern were induced by electrical stimulation of the cerebral cortical masticatory area in the anesthetized rabbit. The axially directed masticatory force was recorded with a small force-displacement transducer mounted on the ground surface of the lower molars. EMGs were recorded from the masseter and digastric muscles simultaneously with jaw movements. Five test strips of polyurethane foam of different hardness were prepared and inserted between the upper molar and the transducer during the movements. The peak, impulse, and buildup speed of the masticatory force increased with strip hardness, whereas duration of the exerted force did not vary with strip hardness. The integrated activity and duration of the masseteric EMG bursts also increased with strip hardness. The integrated EMG activity of the digastric bursts was weakly related to strip hardness, whereas the duration was not. The minimum gape increased with strip hardness, but the maximum gape did not. The horizontal excursion of the jaw did not vary in a hardness-dependent manner, although it was greater in the cycles with strip application than in the cycles without strip application. Deprivation of periodontal sensation by cutting the nerves to the teeth reduced the buildup speed of the force, maximum gape, net gape, and horizontal jaw movements. The denervation also elongated the force duration and that of masseteric EMG bursts. However, the rate of the hardness-dependent changes in the above parameters did not alter after denervation. The latency of the masseteric EMG response to strip application was evaluated before and after denervation. In both conditions, it was > or = 6 ms in approximately 70% of the cycles and <6 ms in the remaining approximately 30%, which cannot be explained by a simple reflex mechanism. On the basis of the analysis of correlation coefficients, the masseteric integrated EMG seemed to be a good indicator of the peak and impulse of the masticatory force both before and after denervation. We conclude that periodontal afferents would be responsible for a quick buildup of masticatory force and that afferents other than those from periodontal tissue would contribute to the hardness-dependent change of masticatory force during cortically induced rhythmic jaw movements.
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Althaus SJ, Matsuo R. Use of a large-diameter coring needle to remove a foreign body. J Vasc Interv Radiol 1997; 8:481-2. [PMID: 9152928 DOI: 10.1016/s1051-0443(97)70596-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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Matsuo R, Herndon DN, Kobayashi M, Pollard RB, Suzuki F. CD4- CD8- TCR alpha/beta+ suppressor T cells demonstrated in mice 1 day after thermal injury. THE JOURNAL OF TRAUMA 1997; 42:635-40. [PMID: 9137250 DOI: 10.1097/00005373-199704000-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We have described previously that CD8+ CD11b+ TCR gamma/delta+ type 2 T cells (BA-type 2 T cells) and suppressor macrophages (Sup-Mł) are generated in spleens of mice 3 to 5 days (Sup-Mł) and 4 to 9 days (BA-type 2 T cells) after thermal injury. In the present study, an additional suppressor T cell, characterized as CD3+ CD4- CD8- TCR alpha/beta+ T cells (double negative suppressor T cells, DN Sup-T cells), was demonstrated in mice 1 day after thermal injury. DN Sup-T cells inhibited the proliferation of lymphocytes stimulated with allogeneic cells or a lectin in a mixed lymphocyte reaction, and produced both type 1 and type 2 cytokines (interferon-gamma, interleukin-2, interleukin-4, and interleukin-10) when they were stimulated in vitro with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody. These results suggest that DN Sup-T cells express phenotypic properties similar to natural suppressor cells and cytokine-producing profiles different from type 1 (Th1 cells and CTLs) and type 2 T cells (Th2 cells and CD8+ type 2 T cells). DN Sup-T cells may play a role on the burn-associated immunosuppression appearing in the acute phase of thermally injured individuals.
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Masuda Y, Morimoto T, Hidaka O, Kato T, Matsuo R, Inoue T, Kobayashi M, Taylor A. Modulation of jaw muscle spindle discharge during mastication in the rabbit. J Neurophysiol 1997; 77:2227-31. [PMID: 9114272 DOI: 10.1152/jn.1997.77.4.2227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Discharges of jaw muscle spindles were recorded during chewing carrot from mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (Mes V) in the awake rabbit to evaluate contribution of the muscle spindles to the development of complete sequences of masticatory movements. The Mes V spindle units were divided into two types according to the maximum firing rates during mastication, with a dividing line at 200 Hz; high-frequency units and low-frequency units. Although both types of units fired maximally during the jaw-opening phase of chewing cycles, their firing rates and pattern varied according to three sequential stages of mastication (stages I, IIa, and IIb). The high-frequency units often increased firing before the start of mastication and built up firing in the first few chewing cycles. Their maximal firing rate was sometimes lower during stage IIa (chewing stage) than during stage I (ingestion stage) and stage IIb (preswallowing stage), although the jaw movements were greater in stage IIa than in other stages. The phase relationship of the firing to a jaw movement cycle in stage IIa was consistent in individual units. The low-frequency units did not build up activity before the onset of movements. They fired mostly during the jaw-opening phase, but the peak of firing did not necessarily coincide with the time of maximal opening. It was concluded that the difference in the firing pattern among masticatory stages may be ascribed to a stage-dependent modulation of both fusimotor activity and jaw movement pattern.
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Matsuo R, Yamauchi Y, Morimoto T. Role of submandibular and sublingual saliva in maintenance of taste sensitivity recorded in the chorda tympani of rats. J Physiol 1997; 498 ( Pt 3):797-807. [PMID: 9051590 PMCID: PMC1159195 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1997.sp021903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
1. To evaluate the role of saliva in the maintenance of taste sensitivity, the activities in the rat chorda tympani innervating taste buds in the anterior part of the tongue were analysed. The effects of chronic extirpation of the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands were tested and compared with results after chronic oral administration of artificial saliva. 2. Removal of the salivary glands sharply decreased chorda tympani responses to four different taste stimuli by 7 days post-desalivation, while a stable response to cold water was observed by at least 28 days. 3. This selective decrease in taste responses was considerably recovered by 7-day-oral injection of artificial saliva (containing NaHCO3, KCl and/or mucin) or distilled water. However, the injection of the salt-containing artificial saliva induced significantly larger sucrose and smaller NaCl, HCl and quinine responses than did the injection of distilled water. 4. In our salivary manipulations, an alteration in the number of the functional sweet receptors was suggested by the cross-adaptation technique using NaHCO3, whereas sensitivity to the epithelial sodium transport blocker, amiloride, was stable in the NaCl response. 5. Salivary water and electrolytes which may participate in forming the external environment of the taste receptor cells modulated taste sensitivity in the chorda tympani.
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Murata K, Matsuo R, Manabe T, Tsujita Y, Tanaka M, Oda J, Kioka K, Sou K, Inoue T. [MR imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma following microwave coagulation therapy]. NIHON IGAKU HOSHASEN GAKKAI ZASSHI. NIPPON ACTA RADIOLOGICA 1996; 56:940-7. [PMID: 8969057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
MRI was performed in 13 patients who had microwave coagulation therapy (MCT) for hepatocellular carcinoma. Six of them underwent surgery after MRI. The area (including tumor) treated by MCT showed low to high intensity on T1WI, and low to isointensity on T2WI. No enhancement was obtained on dynamic MRI. Histologically, this area was supposed to be coagulation necrosis. On T1WI, only tumor showed high intensity within the MCT area in 8 patients, and nearly uniform intensity was observed in 5 patients. Histologically, residual cell nuclei were observed in the former, and nearly uniform coagulation necrosis in the latter. The marginal part of the MCT area exhibited low intensity on T1WI, and high intensity on T2WI. Strong enhancement was obtained on dynamic MRI, and histologically, granulation tissue was noted. In the hepatic parenchyma around the MCT area, a ring-or wedge-shaped high intensity part was observed in 7 patients on T2WI, and that part was enhanced on dynamic MRI. This finding was considered to reflect changes such as hepatic hyperperfusion. In terms of the capability of visualizing residual tumor after MCT, MRI was superior to CT. Furthermore, a clear distinction was seen between the MCT area and non-MCT area on T2WI and dynamic MRI. Thus, MRI was useful in the determination of additional therapy.
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Matsuo R, Kobayashi M, Herndon DN, Pollard RB, Suzuki F. Interleukin-12 protects thermally injured mice from herpes simplex virus type 1 infection. J Leukoc Biol 1996; 59:623-30. [PMID: 8656046 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.59.5.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe burn injury is associated with increased susceptibility to severe herpesvirus infections. Type 2 cytokines [interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10] released from burn-associated CD8+ type 2 T cells (BA-type 2 T cells) have been shown to play a role in the increased susceptibility of thermally injured mice (TI-mice) to herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection. Because IL-12 has been shown to inhibit the generation of type 2 T cells, murine rIL-12 was injected into TI-mice exposed to HSV-1 to determine whether IL-12 could influence HSV-1 infections in individuals bearing type 2 T cells. rIL-12 improved the resistance of TI-mice or mice inoculated with T6S cells (a BA-type 2 T cell clone) against HSV-1 infection. Type 2 cytokines were detected in sera of TI-mice or mice inoculated with T6S cells (T6S-mice). However, treatment of TI-mice or T6S-mice with rIL-12 inhibited type 2 cytokine production in the sera of these mice. All TI-mice exposed to a lethal dose of HSV-1 survived when they were treated with a mixture of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against type 2 cytokines. Staphylococcal enterotoxin A [an interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) inducer] stimulated serum IFN-gamma production in TI-mice and T6S-mice treated with rIL-12, whereas no IFN-gamma was produced in mice treated with saline. These results suggest that IL-12 has the potential to protect TI-mice infected with a lethal dose of HSV-1 via a shift to type 1 T cell responses from type 2 T cell responses.
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Yamauchi Y, Matsuo R, Nokubi T, Morimoto T. 2016 Role of the parabrachial nucleus in salivation induced by rejectable taste in rats. Neurosci Res 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-0102(96)89189-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Matsuo R, Nakamura T, Matsui H, Ono N. [Treatment of refractory hypoxemia due to right-to-left interatrial shunt complicating right ventricular infarction: successful short-term percutaneous catheter closure of the patent foramen ovale]. J Cardiol 1995; 26:243-8. [PMID: 7500267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Refractory hypoxemia as a complication of right ventricular infarction is rare. A 74-year-old man developed persistent hypoxemia due to right-to-left interatrial shunting through a patent foramen ovale during the acute phase of right ventricular infarction. Short-term percutaneous transvenous closure of the patent foramen ovale with a large balloon occlusion catheter was life-saving.
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Matsuo R, Inoue T, Masuda Y, Nakamura O, Yamauchi Y, Morimoto T. Neural activity of chorda tympani mechanosensitive fibers during licking behavior in rats. Brain Res 1995; 689:289-98. [PMID: 7583333 DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(95)00582-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The chorda tympani nerve, supplying the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, contains gustatory and mechanosensitive afferent fibers. We have analyzed discharge patterns in rats of various fibers recorded from dissected nerve filaments during licking behavior of which 4 were taste-sensitive and 12 mechanosensitive. The incidence of these two types were estimated electrophysiologically under anesthesia and their conduction velocity measured. Recordings in freely moving animals showed that the mechanosensitive fibers innervating the dorsal part of the tongue gave two burst discharges per lick, suggesting that contact of the tongue with the upper incisors and/or lip occurred during tongue protrusion and retraction. The fibers from the tip of the tongue showed one burst discharge per lick, which was the response to contact with a drinking spout. No rhythmical discharges synchronized with lick signals were observed in the fibers from the lateral part of the tongue or the taste-sensitive fibers. Such mechanoreceptor discharges were difficult to detect in recordings from the whole chorda tympani nerve. This masking of responses was due mainly to activation of a small number of mechanosensitive fibers by licking-induced mechanical stimulation. The lubricating action of saliva also decreased mechanoreceptor sensitivity. Despite their small number, the mechanosensitive fibers had axons with faster conduction velocities (larger diameter) than the taste-sensitive fibers. This was probably the reason why dissected nerve bundles more frequently showed mechanical than taste responses in conscious rats.
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