26
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Bock RM. The multiple relations of tRNA to metabolic control. THE ... SYMPOSIUM. SOCIETY FOR DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY. SYMPOSIUM 1974; 30:181-91. [PMID: 4600891 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-612973-1.50015-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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27
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Schmidt FJ, Omilianowski DR, Bock RM. Chemical modification of transfer ribonucleic acid species. Thallium(3)-mediated iodination of yeast formylatable methionine transfer ribonucleic acid. Biochemistry 1973; 12:4980-3. [PMID: 4586827 DOI: 10.1021/bi00748a025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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28
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Hecht SM, Hawrelak SD, Kozarich JW, Schmidt FJ, Bock RM. Chemical modifications of transfer RNA species. Transfer RNA's terminating in 2'- and 3'-O-methyladenosine. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1973; 52:1341-7. [PMID: 4577827 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(73)90648-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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29
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Kirkegaard LH, Johnson TJ, Bock RM. Ion filtration chromatography: a powerful new technique for enzyme purification applied to E. coli alkaline phosphatase. Anal Biochem 1972; 50:122-38. [PMID: 4562800 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(72)90492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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30
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Labanauskas M, Norvell JC, Anderegg JW, Beeman WW, Rubin J, Rao ST, Sundaralingam M, Young JD, Bock RM. Crystallization and molecular packing of E. coli arginine transfer RNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1972; 49:9-15. [PMID: 4562166 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(72)90002-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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31
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Schmidt FJ, Bock RM, Hecht SM. Chemical modifications of transfer rna species. Heavy atom derivatization of aminoacyl tRNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1972; 48:451-6. [PMID: 4557733 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(72)80072-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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32
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Hecht SM, Bock RM, Schmitz RY, Skoog F, Leonard NJ, Occolowitz JL. Question of the ribosyl moiety in the promotion of callus growth by exogenously added cytokinins. Biochemistry 1971; 10:4224-8. [PMID: 5126937 DOI: 10.1021/bi00799a011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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33
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Hecht SM, Bock RM. Chemical modifications of transfer RNA species. Metal ion binding to monoperphthalate-treated tRNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1971; 45:416-20. [PMID: 4946272 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(71)90835-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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34
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Sănchez de Jimĕnez E, Luis Domĭnguez J, Webb FH, Bock RM. Comparative DNA-RNA hybridization in differentiated cells. J Mol Biol 1971; 61:59-71. [PMID: 5004356 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(71)90206-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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35
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Hecht SM, Bock RM, Schmitz RY, Skoog F, Leonard NJ. Cytokinins: development of a potent antagonist. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1971; 68:2608-10. [PMID: 5289891 PMCID: PMC389478 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.68.10.2608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A systematic search has resulted in the synthesis of a class of cytokinin antimetabolites. The development and biological properties of the anticytokinins are discussed in terms of one member of the class, 3- methyl - 7 - (3 - methylbutylamino)pyrazolo[4,3 - d]- pyrimidine.
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36
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Bock RM. Ph.D.'s Coming and Going. Science 1971; 173:6. [PMID: 17747300 DOI: 10.1126/science.173.3991.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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37
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Chaffin LJ, Omilianowski DR, Bock RM. Cross-linked transfer RNA functions in all steps of the translation process. Science 1971; 172:854-5. [PMID: 4929535 DOI: 10.1126/science.172.3985.854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A specific photochemical reaction between 4-thiouridine and cytosine cross-links two arms of transfer RNA. This cross-link, introduced into phenylalanine transfer RNA and arginine transfer RNA, limits the conformational freedom of the molecule. Both modified transfer RNA's are capable of functioning in all steps of protein synthesis with this restraint on allowable conformations.
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38
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Hampel A, Cherayil J, Bock RM. Specific aggregation of yeast glycine tRNA. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1971; 228:482-91. [PMID: 5545876 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(71)90053-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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39
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Hecht SM, Kirkegaard LH, Bock RM. Chemical modifications of transfer RNA species. Desulfurization with Raney nickel. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1971; 68:48-51. [PMID: 4924970 PMCID: PMC391099 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.68.1.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A single, modified nucleoside in Escherichia coli tRNA, 6-(3-methyl-2-butenylamino)-2-methyl-thio-9-beta-D-ribofuranosylpurine, has been desulfurized with Raney nickel to afford its probable biosynthetic precursor. The limitations of the reaction at the nucleoside and tRNA levels and its lack of inhibition of the amino acid acceptor activity of tRNA are described.
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40
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41
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42
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Hoffman JL, Bock RM. The interaction of cyclodextrins with nucleic acids. A study of secondary structure in three transfer ribonucleic acids. Biochemistry 1970; 9:3542-50. [PMID: 4928350 DOI: 10.1021/bi00820a007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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43
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Burrows WJ, Armstrong DJ, Kaminek M, Skoog F, Bock RM, Hecht SM, Dammann LG, Leonard NJ, Occolowitz J. Isolation and identification of four cytokinins from wheat germ transfer ribonucleic acid. Biochemistry 1970; 9:1867-72. [PMID: 5442155 DOI: 10.1021/bi00811a001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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44
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Young JD, Bock RM, Nishimura S, Ishikura H, Yamada Y, RajBhandary UL, Labanauska M, Connors PG. Structural studies on transfer RNA: crystallization of formylmethionine and leucine transfer RNA's. Science 1969; 166:1527-8. [PMID: 17655051 DOI: 10.1126/science.166.3912.1527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Improved solvent systems were used to crystallize two different transfer RNA species. These crystals show increased mechanical and thermal stability over crystals obtained previously from a similar system. They have sufficient stability and crystalline order to be used in x-ray crystallographic studies.
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45
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Labanauskas M, Connors PG, Young JD, Bock RM, Anderegg JW, Beeman WW. Structural Studies on Transfer RNA: Preliminary Crystallographic Analysis. Science 1969; 166:1530-2. [PMID: 17655053 DOI: 10.1126/science.166.3912.1530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Single-crystal diffraction patterns from Escherichia coli leucine tRNA and yeast formylmethionine tRNA show a tetragonal lattice for the former, with a = 46 angstroms and c = 137 angstroms, and a hexagonal lattice for the latter, with a = 115 angstroms and c = 137 angstroms. Initial analysis suggests a molecule with a long, double helix parallel to the c-axis for both crystals.
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46
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Jost JP, Bock RM. Enzymatic hydrolysis of N-substituted aminoacyl transfer ribonucleic acid in yeast. J Biol Chem 1969; 244:5866-73. [PMID: 4981785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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47
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Armstrong DJ, Skoog F, Kirkegaard LH, Hampel AE, Bock RM, Gillam I, Tener GM. Cytokinins: distribution in species of yeast transfer RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1969; 63:504-11. [PMID: 5257141 PMCID: PMC223592 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.63.2.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Transfer RNA fractions from Saccharomyces lactis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been tested for cytokinin activity in the tobacco bioassay. Cysteine tRNA has been identified as a cytokinin-containing tRNA species in S. cerevisiae. Acid hydrolysates of S. lactis tRNA fractions (containing arginine tryptophan, and valine acceptor activities) and S. cerevisiae tRNA fractions (containing alanine, asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, tryptophan, and valine acceptor activities) were inactive in the tobacco bioassay. Cytokinins have been found only in those tRNA species corresponding to codons beginning with U.
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48
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Bock RM, Young JD, Labanauskas M, Connors PG. X-ray diffraction studies of crystalline transfer RNA. COLD SPRING HARBOR SYMPOSIA ON QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY 1969; 34:149-52. [PMID: 4909492 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.1969.034.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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49
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Hampel A, Labanauskas M, Connors PG, Kirkegard L, RajBhandary UL, Sigler PB, Bock RM. Single crystals of transfer RNA from formylmethionine and phenylalanine transfer RNA's. Science 1968; 162:1384-7. [PMID: 4880853 DOI: 10.1126/science.162.3860.1384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Reproducible conditions have been developed for crystallization of transfer RNA. The conditions may be applicable to many pure transfer RNA species since identical procedures (except for initial transfer-RNA concentration) yielded good crystals from both yeast and Escherichia coli transfer RNA. These crystals, which must be kept at temperatures below about 10 degrees C and handled in vapor of controlled alcohol concentration, have been studied by x-ray crystallography. The availability of crystals of a nucleic acid opens a route for extending knowledge of the tertiary structure of transfer RNA and its relation to important biological functions.
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50
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Sanchez de Jimenez E, Webb FH, Bock RM. Ribosome alterations during red cell differentiation. Arch Biochem Biophys 1968; 125:452-9. [PMID: 5656800 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(68)90602-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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