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Seong MK, Kim EK, Han K, Seol H, Kim HA, Noh WC. Primary apocrine sweat gland carcinomas of the axilla: a report of two cases and a review of the literature. World J Surg Oncol 2015; 13:59. [PMID: 25888740 PMCID: PMC4336764 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-015-0473-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary apocrine sweat gland carcinoma (PASGC) is an extremely rare malignancy with a relatively favorable prognosis. PASGC is often suspected to be a benign disease during an initial clinical examination, which leads to inadequate initial treatment and extensive metastasis. Owing to the limited number of reports on PASGC, its diagnostic criteria and treatment guidelines have not yet been established. The only known curative therapy for localized PASGC is wide local excision. In the present report, we describe two cases of PASGC with locally aggressive disease that arose in the axilla and review the literature about its clinicopathological features, diagnosis, and treatment. Based on the findings of the current report, we suggest that a sentinel lymph node biopsy and adjuvant anti-estrogen therapy should be included in the management of PASGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ki Seong
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4 Gongneung-dong, 139-706, Nowon-ku, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Kyu Kim
- Department of Surgery, Breast Cancer Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 82, Gumi-ro 173 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-707, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kanghee Han
- Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4 Gongneung-dong, 139-706, Nowon-ku, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyesil Seol
- Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4 Gongneung-dong, 139-706, Nowon-ku, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Ah Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4 Gongneung-dong, 139-706, Nowon-ku, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo Chul Noh
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4 Gongneung-dong, 139-706, Nowon-ku, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Seong MK, Lee JY, Byeon J, Sohn YJ, Seol H, Lee JK, Kim EK, Kim HA, Noh WC. Bcl-2 is a highly significant prognostic marker of hormone-receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015; 150:141-8. [PMID: 25682076 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3305-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) is one of the most important anti-apoptotic genes. Although Bcl-2 promotes tumor cell survival in vitro, previous studies have shown conflicting results regarding the association between Bcl-2 and breast cancer survival. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of Bcl-2 according to the molecular tumor subtype in primary invasive breast cancer patients. The relationship between immunohistochemical Bcl-2 expression and overall survival was analyzed in 2399 primary invasive breast cancer patients treated by curative surgery. Patients were classified into four subtypes based on hormone receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) status: HR+/HER2-, HR+/HER2+, HR-/HER2+, and HR-/HER2-. A total of 1304 patients (54.4 %) had Bcl-2 positive (+) tumors by immunohistochemistry. Bcl-2 (+) tumors were significantly associated with a younger age (<50 years), early stage, lower grade, positive expression of HR, and negative expression of HER2. In the HR+/HER2- group, patients with Bcl-2 (+) tumors showed a significantly better prognosis (p < 0.001). In contrast, there was no significant prognostic effect of Bcl-2 expression in other subtypes. In multivariate analysis, Bcl-2 positivity remained an independent, favorable prognostic factor in the HR+/HER2- subtype (hazard ratio, 0.609; 95 % confidence interval, 0.424-0.874; p < 0.007). The prognostic significance of Bcl-2 expression differed according to the molecular subtype of breast cancer. The expression of Bcl-2 was an independent, favorable prognostic factor in breast cancer patients with the HR+/HER2- subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ki Seong
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4 Gongneung-dong, Nowon-ku, Seoul, 139-706, Republic of Korea
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Hong SE, Shin KS, Lee YH, Seo SK, Yun SM, Choe TB, Kim HA, Kim EK, Noh WC, Kim JI, Hwang CS, Lee JK, Hwang SG, Jin HO, Park IC. Inhibition of S6K1 enhances dichloroacetate-induced cell death. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 141:1171-9. [PMID: 25471732 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1887-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The unique metabolic profile of cancer (aerobic glycolysis) is an attractive therapeutic target for cancer. Dichloroacetate (DCA), an inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, has been shown to reverse glycolytic phenotype and induce mitochondrion-dependent apoptosis. In the present study, we investigated the effects of S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) inhibition on DCA-induced cell death and the underlying mechanisms in breast cancer cells. METHODS Cell death was evaluated by annexin V and PI staining. The synergistic effects of DCA and PF4708671 were assessed by isobologram analysis. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used for suppressing gene expression. The mRNA and protein levels were measured by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. RESULTS PF4708671, a selective inhibitor of S6K1, and knockdown of S6K1 with specific siRNA enhanced DCA-induced cell death. Interestingly, a combination of DCA/PF4708671 markedly reduced protein expression of a glycolytic enzyme, hexokinase 2 (HK2). Suppression of HK2 activity using specific siRNA and 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) further enhanced cell sensitivity to DCA/PF4708671. Overexpression of Myc-tagged HK2 rescued cell death induced by DCA/PF4708671. CONCLUSIONS Based on these findings, we propose that inhibition of S6K1, in combination with the glycolytic inhibitor, DCA, provides effective cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Eun Hong
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 139-706, Republic of Korea
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Jin HO, Lee YH, Park JA, Lee HN, Kim JH, Kim JY, Kim B, Hong SE, Kim HA, Kim EK, Noh WC, Kim JI, Chang YH, Hong SI, Hong YJ, Park IC, Lee JK. Piperlongumine induces cell death through ROS-mediated CHOP activation and potentiates TRAIL-induced cell death in breast cancer cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 140:2039-46. [PMID: 25023940 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1777-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Piperlongumine (PL) has been shown to selectively induce apoptotic cell death in cancer cells via reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. In this study, we characterized a molecular mechanism for PL-induced cell death. METHODS Cell viability and cell death were assessed by MTT assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, respectively. ROS generation was measured using the H2DCFDA. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used for suppressing gene expression. The mRNA and protein expression were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. RESULTS We found that PL promotes C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) induction, which leads to the up-regulation of its targets Bim and DR5. Pretreatment with the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-cysteine abolishes the PL-induced up-regulation of CHOP and its target genes, suggesting an essential role for ROS in PL-induced CHOP activation. The down-regulation of CHOP or Bim with siRNA efficiently attenuates PL-induced cell death, suggesting a critical role for CHOP in this cell death. Furthermore, PL potentiates TRAIL-induced cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells by upregulating DR5, as DR5 knockdown abolished the sensitizing effect of PL on TRAIL responses. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our data suggest a new mechanism for the PL-induced cell death in which ROS mediates CHOP activation, and combination treatment with PL and TRAIL could be a potential strategy for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Ok Jin
- KIRAMS Radiation Biobank, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 139-709, Republic of Korea
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Kim HA, Lee JK, Kim EK, Seol H, Noh WC. Serum human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 levels as a real-time marker for tumor burden in breast cancer patients. J Surg Oncol 2014; 109:421-5. [PMID: 24783266 DOI: 10.1002/jso.23510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status, an important factor in the treatment of breast cancer patients, is usually determined using primary tumor tissue samples; however, the HER2 status of metastatic lesions may differ from that of the primary tumor, but biopsies cannot be performed in all cases. Here, we investigated whether serum HER2 levels can serve as an alternative to assessments of HER2 expression in cancer tissues. METHODS Between April 2008 and July 2009, serum HER2 levels were evaluated in 295 patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer, 1,068 patients under follow-up care without recurrence after curative surgery, and 82 patients with disease recurrence. RESULTS Among 303 patients with histologically confirmed HER2-positive tumors, the rates of serum HER2 elevation were 9.2% in preoperative patients, 0.9% in patients under follow-up care without recurrence, and 44.0% in patients with recurrent disease; for patients with HER2-negative primary tumors, the corresponding values were 0.8%, 2.6%, and 15.8%, respectively. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that serum HER2 could be a useful real-time marker for tumor burden and recurrence in patients with HER2-positive disease.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Breast Neoplasms/blood
- Breast Neoplasms/chemistry
- Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/therapy
- Databases, Factual
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/blood
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/chemistry
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnosis
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/therapy
- Neoplasm Staging
- Predictive Value of Tests
- Prognosis
- Receptor, ErbB-2/analysis
- Receptor, ErbB-2/blood
- Registries
- Republic of Korea
- Tumor Burden
- Up-Regulation
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Ha JH, Seong MK, Kim EK, Lee JK, Seol H, Lee JY, Byeon J, Sohn YJ, Koh JS, Park IC, Noh WC, Kim HA. Serial Serum HER2 Measurements for the Detection of Breast Cancer Recurrence in HER2-Positive Patients. J Breast Cancer 2014; 17:33-9. [PMID: 24744795 PMCID: PMC3988340 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2014.17.1.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The measurement of serum human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) extracellular domain levels is a well-established method for evaluating whether a metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer patient will respond to HER2-targeted treatment. However, little is known about the value of serum HER2 for detecting disease relapse following curative surgical treatment in breast cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of serum HER2, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and carcinoma antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) for the detection of disease recurrence in postoperative breast cancer patients with a primary HER2-positive tumor. Methods Serial measurements were taken of serum HER2, CEA, and CA 15-3 levels in patients with primary invasive HER2-positive breast cancer who underwent curative surgical treatment between January 2008 and December 2010. Following treatment, serum HER2 levels were monitored every 6 months using a chemiluminescence immunoassay. Results Overall, 264 patients were analyzed in this retrospective study. The median follow-up period was 27.7 months, and 24 patients relapsed during follow-up. The sensitivity of serum HER2, CEA, and CA 15-3 for the detection of disease recurrence was 37.5%, 25.1%, and 12.5%, respectively. Sensitivity increased to 45.8% when all three tumor markers were combined in the analysis. In a subgroup of patients without liver disease, the sensitivity of serum HER2, CEA, and CA 15-3 was 57.1%, 21.4%, and 14.3%, respectively. Of the 264 patients in this study, 80 patients had chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, or abnormal aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase levels during the follow-up period. Following the exclusion of these patients, the sensitivity of serum HER2 for the detection of disease recurrence increased to 57.1%. Conclusion Serial serum HER2 measurement may be useful for the detection of disease relapse in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. Abnormal liver function can result in elevated serum HER2 in the absence of disease recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- June-Hyung Ha
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Ki Seong
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyu Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kyung Lee
- Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyesil Seol
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Young Lee
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jangmoo Byeon
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeun-Ju Sohn
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Soo Koh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Chul Park
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Chul Noh
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ah Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
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Jin HO, Lee YH, Park JA, Kim JH, Hong SE, Kim HA, Kim EK, Noh WC, Kim BH, Ye SK, Chang YH, Hong SI, Hong YJ, Park IC, Lee JK. Blockage of Stat3 enhances the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to PI3K/mTOR inhibition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 444:502-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.01.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Kim HA, Kim EK, Kim MS, Yu JH, Lee MR, Lee HK, Suh YJ, Noh WC. Association of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 with Radiotherapy Resistance in Patients with T1N0M0 Breast Cancer. J Breast Cancer 2013; 16:266-73. [PMID: 24155755 PMCID: PMC3800722 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2013.16.3.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Preclinical studies have shown that human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status is associated with resistance to radiotherapy (RT). In this study, we evaluated the overall survival of a T1N0M0 breast cancer cohort in Korea according to the use of RT and the HER2 status. Methods We analyzed data collected from 11,552 patients with invasive breast cancer who were enrolled in the Korean Breast Cancer Society Registration Program between 1999 and 2007. Data on the TNM stage, estrogen receptor status, progesterone receptor status, HER2 status, operation method, and the use of RT were analyzed. Results The median follow-up period was 51 months. A significant improvement in overall survival after RT was observed only in the HER2(-) group. In this group, the 10-year overall survival rate was 95.5% for patients who did not receive RT and 96.3% for patients who received RT (p=0.037). In contrast, in the HER2(+) group, RT was not associated with a survival benefit (p=0.887). Multivariate analysis showed that RT was significantly associated with a reduction in mortality in the HER2(-) group (hazard ratio, 0.738; 95% confidence interval, 0.549-0.993; p=0.045). Conclusion We found that postoperative RT was not associated with a survival benefit in HER2(+) breast cancer patients, suggesting that HER2(+) breast cancers could be RT resistant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ah Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
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Min JW, Kim KI, Kim HA, Kim EK, Noh WC, Jeon HB, Cho DH, Oh JS, Park IC, Hwang SG, Kim JS. INPP4B-mediated tumor resistance is associated with modulation of glucose metabolism via hexokinase 2 regulation in laryngeal cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 440:137-42. [PMID: 24051093 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase type II (INPP4B) was recently identified as a tumor resistance factor in laryngeal cancer cells. Herein, we show that INPP4B-mediated resistance is associated with increased glycolytic phenotype. INPP4B expression was induced by hypoxia and irradiation. Intriguingly, overexpression of INPP4B enhanced aerobic glycolysis. Of the glycolysis-regulatory genes, hexokinase 2 (HK2) was mainly regulated by INPP4B and this regulation was mediated through the Akt-mTOR pathway. Notably, codepletion of INPP4B and HK2 markedly sensitized radioresistant laryngeal cancer cells to irradiation or anticancer drug. Moreover, INPP4B was significantly associated with HK2 in human laryngeal cancer tissues. Therefore, these results suggest that INPP4B modulates aerobic glycolysis via HK2 regulation in radioresistant laryngeal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joong Won Min
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim SI, Cho SH, Lee JS, Moon HG, Noh WC, Youn HJ, Ko BK, Park BW. Clinical relevance of lymph node ratio in breast cancer patients with one to three positive lymph nodes. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:1165-71. [PMID: 23942073 PMCID: PMC3778309 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To test the hypotheses that breast cancer patients with one to three positive lymph nodes (pN1) consist of heterogeneous prognostic subsets and that the ratio of positive nodes to total nodes dissected (lymph node ratio, LNR) might discriminate patients with a higher risk as candidates for post-mastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT). METHODS Using information from 7741 node-positive patients, we first identified cutoff values of the LNR using the nonparametric bootstrap method. Focusing on 3477 patients with pN1 disease, we then evaluated the clinical relevance of the LNR categorised by the estimated cutoff values (categorised LNR, cLNR). RESULTS Among 3477 patients with pN1 disease, 3059 and 418 patients were assigned into the low and intermediate cLNR groups, respectively, based on a cutoff value of 0.18. The prognostic factors associated with poor overall survival (OS) included younger age, T2 stage, negative oestrogen/progesterone receptors, high histologic grade, and intermediate cLNR. Post-mastectomy radiation therapy significantly increased OS in patients assigned to the intermediate cLNR (hazard ratio, 0.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.17-0.89; P=0.0248), whereas patients in the low cLNR group derived no additional survival benefit from PMRT. CONCLUSION This study suggests that PMRT should be recommended for patients with pN1 disease and an intermediate cLNR.
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Cho
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, 369 Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-743, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Lee
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - H-G Moon
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea
| | - W C Noh
- Department of Surgery, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Gongneung-Dong, No-won-gu, Seoul 139-709, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Youn
- Department of Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonjiro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 561-712, Republic of Korea
| | - B K Ko
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 877 Jeonha 1-dong, Dong-gu, Ulsan 682-714, Republic of Korea
| | - B-W Park
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
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Kim EK, Kim JH, Kim HA, Seol H, Seong MK, Lee JY, Byeon J, Sohn YJ, Koh JS, Park IC, Noh WC. Phosphorylated S6 kinase-1: a breast cancer marker predicting resistance to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Anticancer Res 2013; 33:4073-4079. [PMID: 24023352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-clinical data support a link between the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway and chemoresponsiveness. We evaluated whether the expression of phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) or phosphorylated S6 kinase-1 (p-S6K1), a key effector of the mTOR pathway, could be a predictive marker for chemoresponsiveness in breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 209 patients with locally advanced breast cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy between April 2005 and July 2012 were analyzed. Patients without a minimum of 10% tumor reduction, after neoadjuvent chemotherapy, were classified as non-responders. RESULTS Overall, 184 (88%) patients were classified as responders and 25 (12%) as non-responders. The positive expression rate for p-AKT and p-S6K1 was 31.6% and 45%, respectively. There was no difference in the pre-chemotherapy clinical stage according to p-S6K1 or p-AKT expression status. p-AKT expression was slightly higher in non-responders compared to responders (48% vs. 30.9%; p=0.088). However, p-S6K1 expression was significantly higher in non-responders than responders (68% vs. 41.8%; p=0014). Following multivariate analysis, p-S6K1 positivity remained an independent predictor of non-responder status (hazard ratio=3.81; 95% confidence interval=1.28-11.31; p=0.016). CONCLUSION The expression of p-S6K1 may be a predictive marker of resistance to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyu Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4 Gongneung-dong, Nowon-gu 139-706, Seoul, Korea.
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Jin HO, Hong SE, Kim JH, Choi HN, Kim K, An S, Choe TB, Hwang CS, Lee JH, Kim JI, Kim HA, Kim EK, Noh WC, Hong YJ, Hong SI, Lee JK, Park IC. Sustained overexpression of Redd1 leads to Akt activation involved in cell survival. Cancer Lett 2013; 336:319-24. [PMID: 23528835 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we show that the constitutive overexpression of Redd1, a negative regulator of mTORC1, induces Akt activation in lung cancer cells. Akt phosphorylation was reduced to basal levels by Rictor siRNA, suggesting the involvement of mTORC2 in this process. Perifosine and PP242, selective inhibitors of Akt and mTORC1/2, respectively, efficiently suppressed the Akt phosphorylation that was induced by the sustained overexpression of Redd1 and increased the sensitivity of the cells to cisplatin. Therefore, the sustained overexpression of Redd1 leads to mTORC1 inhibition and to consequent Akt activation that is involved in cell survival. This finding highlights the importance of Akt activation as a therapeutic target to overcome resistance to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Ok Jin
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, 215-4 Gongneung-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-706, Republic of Korea.
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Hong SE, Kim EK, Jin HO, Kim HA, Lee JK, Koh JS, Seol H, Kim JI, Park IC, Noh WC. S6K1 inhibition enhances tamoxifen-induced cell death in MCF-7 cells through translational inhibition of Mcl-1 and survivin. Cell Biol Toxicol 2013; 29:273-82. [PMID: 23942996 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-013-9253-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) was suggested to be a marker for endocrine therapy resistance in breast cancer. We examined whether tamoxifen's effect can be modulated by S6K1 inhibition. S6K1 inhibition by PF4708671, a selective inhibitor of S6K1, acts synergistically with tamoxifen in S6K1-high MCF-7 cells. Similarly, the knockdown of S6K1 with small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly sensitized MCF-7 cells to tamoxifen. Inhibition of S6K1 by PF4708671 led to a marked decrease in the expression levels of the anti-apoptotic proteins Mcl-1 and survivin, which was not related to mRNA levels. In addition, suppression of Mcl-1 or survivin, using specific siRNA, further enhanced cell sensitivity to tamoxifen. These results showed that inhibition of S6K1 acts synergistically with tamoxifen, via translational modulation of Mcl-1 and survivin. Based on these findings, we propose that targeting S6K1 may be an effective strategy to overcome tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Eun Hong
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4 Gongneung-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 139-706, Republic of Korea.
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Ko BS, Noh WC, Kang SS, Park BW, Kang EY, Paik NS, Yang JH, Ahn SH. Changing patterns in the clinical characteristics of korean breast cancer from 1996-2010 using an online nationwide breast cancer database. J Breast Cancer 2012; 15:393-400. [PMID: 23346167 PMCID: PMC3542846 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2012.15.4.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Breast cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies in Korean women, and its incidence is increasing at a rapid rate. Since 1996, the Korean Breast Cancer Society has collected nationwide breast cancer data using an online registration program and analyzed the data biennial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of Korean breast cancer and to analyze changes in these characteristics over the period of time. Methods Data were collected from 41 medical schools (74 hospitals), 24 general hospitals, and 6 private clinics. Data on the total number, gender, and age of newly-diagnosed breast cancer patients were collected through a questionnaire. Additional data were collected and analyzed from the online database. Results In 2010, 16,398 patients in Korea were newly diagnosed with breast cancer. The crude incidence rate of female breast cancer was 67.2 cases per 100,000, and the median age at diagnosis was 49 years. The incidence of breast cancer was highest in patients aged between 40 and 49 years. Since 1996, there has been a significant increase in the proportion of early-stage cancers (detected in stage 1 or 2), the percentage of estrogen receptor-positive cancers, and in the proportion of patients receiving breast-conserving surgery. Conclusion The incidence and clinical characteristics of Korean breast cancer are slowly changing to the patterns of Western countries. To understand changing patterns in the characteristics of Korean breast cancer, the nationwide data should be continuously analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beom Seok Ko
- Department of Surgery, Center for Breast Cancer, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim JH, Choi SY, Cho CK, Yang KM, Noh WC, Kim MS. Bilateral orbital metastases from breast cancer: a case report of successful palliation using stereotactic radiotherapy. Breast J 2011; 17:669-71. [PMID: 21999613 DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-4741.2011.01165.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Of ophthalmic involvement from metastatic breast cancer, extraocular/intraorbital metastases are extremely rare. External beam radiotherapy has been a mainstay palliation for symptomatic orbital metastases. We present a case of bilateral orbital metastases from breast cancer successfully treated with stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT). A 38-year-old woman presented with decreased vision in the right eye for 3 weeks. Eight months previously, she underwent whole-brain radiotherapy for multiple brain metastases from breast cancer. Visual acuity was hand motion, and the eyelid closed incompletely in the affected eye. Computed tomography scans showed a 3-cm extraconal mass in the right orbit. She underwent temporary tarsorrhaphy followed by SRT. A total dose of 39 Gy was delivered to the right orbital mass in three daily fractions. Four months later, her visual function was normal in both eyes and the right orbital mass disappeared. A new lesion was detected in the left orbit. She underwent SRT for the left orbital lesion using the same dose-fractionation schedule. No radiation-related toxicities were observed. She died 19 months after the first SRT. Our case suggests that SRT may be an effective and safe treatment option in patients with orbital metastases from breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ho Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan, Korea
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Lee JY, Kim HA, Kim EK, Yang HM, Kim KI, Lee JI, Koh JS, Ko E, Moon NM, Kim MS, Paik NS, Noh WC. Different Prognostic Significance of Bcl-2 Based on Cancer Molecular Subtype. J Breast Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2011.14.s.s10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Young Lee
- Department of Surgery, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ah Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyu Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hoe-Min Yang
- Department of Surgery, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwan-il Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Inn Lee
- Department of Surgery, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Soo Koh
- Department of Pathology, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunyoung Ko
- Department of Surgery, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Busan, Korea
| | - Nan Mo Moon
- Department of Surgery, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Busan, Korea
| | - Min-Suk Kim
- Department of Pathology, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Busan, Korea
| | - Nam-Sun Paik
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Chul Noh
- Department of Surgery, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Chung IY, Kang E, Yang EJ, Lim JY, Kim EK, Kim HA, Noh WC, Kim JI, Park MH, Yoon JH, Lee JE, Nam SJ, Yang JH, Lee BK, Jung SH, Youn HJ, Kim KS, Jung SY, Moon BI, Kim SW. Survey of Psychosocial Problems Facing Breast Cancer Survivors after Undergoing a Mastectomy and Their Awareness of Breast Reconstruction. J Breast Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2011.14.s.s70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Il Yong Chung
- Breast Care Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eunyoung Kang
- Breast Care Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eun Joo Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jae-Young Lim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyu Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ah Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Chul Noh
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Il Kim
- Department of Surgery, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Min Ho Park
- Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Jung Han Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Jeong Eon Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Jin Nam
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Yang
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoung Kil Lee
- Department of Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Sung Hoo Jung
- Department of Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Hyun Jo Youn
- Department of Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Ku Sang Kim
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - So-Youn Jung
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Won Kim
- Breast Care Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
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Lee JW, Noh WC, Kim MS, Kim HA, Chang YH, Hong YJ, Hong SI, Lee JK. [Availability of fine needle aspirates for the assessment of HER2 gene amplification in invasive breast cancer patients]. Korean J Lab Med 2009; 28:392-9. [PMID: 18971621 DOI: 10.3343/kjlm.2008.28.5.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND FISH and immunohistochemistry (IHC) on formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue are currently used in the clinical laboratory to determine HER2 status in invasive breast cancer patients. Since tissue-based methods are relatively time-consuming and have a limitation for standardization of procedure, we evaluated the availability of fine needle aspirates (FNA) for the assessment of HER2 status in invasive breast cancer patients. METHODS FNA were obtained from 51 invasive breast cancer patients and were submitted for the evaluation of HER2 status. After invasive breast cancer components were ascertained by morphological evaluation, HER2 gene amplification was evaluated by FISH. The results of HER2 FISH on FNA cells were compared with those of both FISH and IHC on corresponding FFPE tissues. FISH results were interpreted by American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)/College of American Pathologists (CAP) guidelines issued in 2007. RESULTS Of 51 FNA specimens, one was excluded due to an insufficient number of cancer cells for tests. Excluding the cases that showed 'equivocal' results, 47 (98%) out of 48 cases were concordant between the results of FISH on FNA and FISH on corresponding FFPE tissue (kappa, 0.969), and 43 (93%) out of 46 cases were concordant between the results of FISH on FNA and IHC on corresponding FFPE tissue (kappa, 0.912). CONCLUSIONS An excellent correlation was found between FISH on FNA cells and corresponding FFPE sections. We recommend FNA specimens for more rapid determination of HER2 status by FISH, which will be helpful for patient selection for individualized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Sung MK, Noh WC, Kim MS, Kim HA, Paik NS, Moon NM, Kim YH. Apocrine Carcinoma of the Breast: Clinicopathologic Analysis of 19 Cases. J Breast Cancer 2008. [DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2008.11.4.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Min Ki Sung
- Department of Surgery, Korea Institution and Medical Science, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Chul Noh
- Department of Surgery, Korea Institution and Medical Science, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Suk Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea Institution and Medical Science, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea Institution and Medical Science, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Sun Paik
- Department of Surgery, Korea Institution and Medical Science, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nan Mo Moon
- Department of Surgery, Korea Institution and Medical Science, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yang Hee Kim
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Noh WC, Kim YH, Kim MS, Koh JS, Kim HA, Moon NM, Paik NS. Activation of the mTOR signaling pathway in breast cancer and its correlation with the clinicopathologic variables. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2007; 110:477-83. [PMID: 17805960 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-007-9746-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2007] [Accepted: 08/23/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Rapamycin and its analogues are currently being tested in clinical trials as novel-targeted anticancer agents. Pre-clinical studies that used breast cancer cell lines have suggested that p-Akt or p-S6K1 expressing tumors, as well as PTEN negative tumors, were sensitive to rapamycin. The aims of this study were to determine the proportion of breast cancer that could be candidates for rapamycin treatment and to elucidate the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of potentially rapamycin-sensitive tumors. METHODS We evaluated the expressions of PTEN, p-Akt and p-S6K1 by performing immunohistochemistry in 122 breast cancer tissues. We analyzed the association of the expression of these proteins with the cliniopathologic variables and the disease-free survival. RESULTS PTEN negative tumors, p-Akt expressing tumors and p-S6K1 expressing tumors constituted 4.1% (5/122), 41.0% (50/122), and 36.1% (44/122) of the total tumors, respectively. The proportion of tumors that met the criteria of rapamycin sensitivity was 54.9% (67/122). We could not find any significant correlation between the expression of these proteins and the other prognostic factors. However, the prognosis of tumors with a p-S6K1 expression was significantly worse than that of the p-S6K1 negative tumors. CONCLUSION Based on the status of the PTEN, p-Akt and p-S6K1 expressions as predictors of rapamycin sensitivity, this study suggested that over 50% of breast cancer patients could be potential candidates for rapamycin treatment. In addition, the p-S6K1 expression may constitute an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Chul Noh
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, 215-4, Gongneung-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-706, Korea.
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Pang BS, Bu DS, Kim YH, Paik NS, Moon NM, Kim MS, Yang SK, Yang KM, Noh WC. The Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Breast Carcinoma associated with Nipple Discharge. J Breast Cancer 2007. [DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2007.10.1.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bum Sik Pang
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Su Bu
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yang Hee Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Sun Paik
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nan Mo Moon
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Suk Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Kyu Yang
- Department of Radiology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Mo Yang
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology & Oncology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Chul Noh
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hee Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Suk Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Sun Paik
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nan Mo Moon
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Chul Noh
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Bu DS, Paik NS, Moon NM, Kim MS, Yang KM, Noh WC. The Prognosis of Breast Cancer Patients with 10 or more Positive Axillary Lymph Nodes. J Breast Cancer 2006. [DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2006.9.2.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Su Bu
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Sun Paik
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nan Mo Moon
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Suk Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Mo Yang
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology & Oncology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Chul Noh
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Noh WC, Paik NS, Kim MS, Yang KM, Cho CK, Choi DW, Lee JI, Kang SK, Kim SB, Moon NM. Ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence after breast-conserving therapy: A comparison of quadrantectomy versus lumpectomy at a single institution. World J Surg 2005; 29:1001-6. [PMID: 15988621 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-005-7928-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aims of study were to compare the rates of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR), for patients treated with either quadrantectomy or lumpectomy at a single institution, and to identify predictors of IBTR after breast-conserving therapy (BCT). The database and medical records of 807 patients who underwent BCT for breast cancer between 1987 and 2002 were reviewed. The age of the patient, tumor size, lymph node status, extensive intraductal component (EIC), re-excision, final margin status, and the extent of surgery were examined in reference to IBTR rates. Of the total 807 patients, 456 (56.5%) had undergone quadrantectomy and 351 patients (43.5%) had lumpectomy. Apart from the higher re-excision rate in the lumpectomy group (p < 0.001), there were no significant differences in clinical and pathologic characteristics between the patients in the two groups. At the median follow-up time of 72 months, 28 cases of IBTR (3.4%) and 56 cases of systemic recurrence (6.9%) had developed in 72 patients (8.9%). On multivariate analysis, young age (< or =35) (p = 0.041), positive lymph node (p < 0.001), and the presence of EIC (p = 0.004) were independent predictors of IBTR. However, we could not find a significant difference in IBTR rate between the two groups (p = 0.546). Thus, the extent of breast surgery (quadrantectomy or lumpectomy) did not make a significant difference in IBTR if adequate surgical margins could be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Chul Noh
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, 215-4, Gongneung-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 139-706, Korea.
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Noh WC, Paik NS, Cho KJ, Chung JH, Kim MS, Moon NM. Breast mass in a 3-year-old girl: Differentiation of secretory carcinoma versus abnormal thelarche by fine needle aspiration biopsy. Surgery 2005; 137:109-10. [PMID: 15614289 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2004.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Woo Chul Noh
- Department of Surgery and Diagnostic Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, 215-4 Gongneung-dong, Nowon-gu, 139-706 Seoul, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Chul Noh
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Sun Paik
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Yu SH, Noh WC, Bang HY, Hwang DY, Choi DW, Lee JI, Paik NS, Moon NM, Jung JH. Sarcoma and Sarcomatous Metaplastic Carcinoma of the Breast. Cancer Res Treat 2001; 33:463-8. [PMID: 26680823 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2001.33.6.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Primary sarcoma and SMC (sarcomatous metaplastic carcinoma) of the breast are very rare tumors, accounting for less than 1% of all breast malignancies. There are many controversies concerning the biological characteristics, prognosis and optimal treatment of these tumors owing to the rarity of incidence. The aims of this study were to elucidate the clinicopathologic characteristics of these tumors and to assist in elucidating the optimal treatment plan for the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS 13 cases of primary sarcoma and 10 cases of SMC that had been treated at KCCH between 1984 and 2001 were retrospectively reviewed. Phyllodes tumors were excluded from our study. RESULTS Among the 13 cases of primary sarcoma included, stromal sarcoma occurred in 5 cases, osteosarcoma in 3 cases, angiosarcoma in 3 cases and spindle cell sarcoma in 2 cases. The mean age of the patients with primary sarcoma and SMC was 39.7 years and 55.1 years respectively (p=0.002). When survival rates were compared according to histologic types, size of tumor, histologic grade, type of surgery and use of adjuvant therapy, both size of tumor (p=0.0256) and histologic grade (p=0.0197) were shown to be prognostic factors. CONCLUSION There were no significantly different features between primary sarcoma and SMC in terms of biologic characteristics or survival rates, with the exception that patients with SMC were older than those with primary sarcoma. Histologic grade and size of tumor were significant prognostic factors of these tumors.
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