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Zhang L, Liu M, Lu C, Ren D, Fan G, Liu C, Liu M, Shu G, Peng G, Yuan Z, Zhong Z, Zhang W, Fu H. The hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin complexation of toltrazuril for enhancing bioavailability. Drug Des Devel Ther 2018; 12:583-589. [PMID: 29593381 PMCID: PMC5865576 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s157611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Toltrazuril (Tol) is used to prevent and combat coccidiosis. However, its low aqueous solubility and poor oral bioavailability limit clinical application. Methods To overcome the shortcomings, toltrazuril–hydroxypropyl–β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex (Tol-HP-β-CD) was prepared and characterized. The comparative plasma disposition kinetics of Tol was analyzed after a single orally administered dose of 10 mg/kg Tol or Tol-HP-β-CD in rabbits. Solution-stirring method was selected to prepare the inclusion complex. Complex formation was characterized by thin-layer chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. In plasma profile, plasma samples were collected between 1 and 10 days following administration. Plasma Tol concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Results In rabbit plasma, the time to peak concentration (Tmax) of Tol-HP-β-CD was shorter than that of Tol (12 h vs 24 h). Cmax (19.92±1.02 μg/mL) and area under the concentration–time curve (AUC0-∞, 1,176.86±70.26 mg/L h) of the Tol-HP-β-CD group significantly increased (p,0.01) than those of the Tol group (Cmax, 8.02±1.04 μg/mL; AUC0-∞, 514.03±66.65 mg/L h). Conclusion It can be concluded that the Tol-HP-β-CD increased the aqueous solubility and enhanced the oral bioavailability in rabbits. Complexation with HP-β-CD is a feasible way to prepare a rapidly absorbed and more bioavailable Tol oral product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacology and Toxicology, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengxi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chaocheng Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dandan Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guoqing Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengjiao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Shu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhixiang Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hualin Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Zhong Z, Tian Y, Li W, Huang X, Deng L, Cao S, Geng Y, Fu H, Shen L, Liu H, Peng G. Correction: Multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in captive non-human primates in Sichuan and Guizhou provinces, Southwestern China. PLoS One 2018. [PMID: 29538448 PMCID: PMC5851646 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Zhang L, Ren D, Zhou J, Peng G, Shu G, Yuan Z, Shi F, Zhao L, Yin L, Fan G, Liu C, Fu H. Toltrazuril mixed nanomicelle delivery system based on sodium deoxycholate–Brij C20 polyethylene ether–triton x100: Characterization, solubility, and bioavailability study. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 163:125-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Zhao W, Peng Y, Mills GB, Peng G. Abstract PD8-11: APOBEC3 contributes to mutational load in breast cancer. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-pd8-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Breast cancer results in large part from the accumulation of multiple mutations in premalignant cells, which provide a molecular basis for genetic diversity. This genetic diversity in premalignant cells allows selection for increased proliferation and survival and ultimately leads to invasion, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Recent genome-wide sequencing data showed that APOBEC3B (A3B) contributes to mutational load in breast cancer. A3B, a DNA cytosine deaminase, is overexpressed in more than 50% of breast tumors and more than 75% of breast cancer cell lines. Its overexpression and aberrant activation lead to unexpected clusters of mutations in the majority of breast cancers. This phenomenon of clustered mutations, termed kataegis (shower in Greek) forms a unique mutation signature in breast cancer. On the basis of the finding that A3B is a key molecular determinant of the mutator phenotype in breast cancer, the goal of our research is to utilize informatics tools to systematically characterize genetic alterations of APOBEC3 family proteins in breast cancer genomic data and define the molecular impact of altered APOBEC3 family proteins on mutability and anti-tumor immunity.
Our data showed that the mutation rate and copy number amplification/deletion of APOBEC3 genes are low. The levels of APOBEC3A (A3A) and A3B are highly correlated and are highest in Basal subtype and lowest in Luminal A tumors, in concordance with the proliferation of subtypes. Additionally, A3A and A3B are significantly correlated with total mutational load as well as with TP53 mutation, and with somatic copy number alterations (SCNA), especially focal SCNA. Among APOBEC3 genes, A3B is significantly associated DNA replication, DNA damage repair, cell cycle and proteasome signatures, and shows predictive and prognostic capacity in ER-positive patients. Interestingly, A3G expression is strongly associated with immune response signature genes in all breast tumors. Consequently, A3G is highly associated with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast and several other disease types.
In summary, our data demonstrate distinct expression pattern of APOBEC3 genes in different breast cancer subpopulations. Overexpression of different APOBEC3 family members leads to distinct molecular consequences. These data provide new molecular insights into pathophysiological functions of APOBEC3 genes in breast cancer and provide therapeutic opportunities for the breast cancer patients whose tumors have altered APOBEC3 expression levels and potentially are driven by APOBEC3 genes. Importantly, APOBEC3G is associated with evidence of immune activation that may signal responsiveness to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Citation Format: Zhao W, Peng Y, Mills GB, Peng G. APOBEC3 contributes to mutational load in breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD8-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhao
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Y Peng
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - GB Mills
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - G Peng
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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He Y, Mo Q, Luo B, Qiao Y, Xu R, Zuo Z, Deng J, Nong X, Peng G, He W, Wei Y, Hu Y. Induction of apoptosis and autophagy via mitochondria- and PI3K/Akt/mTOR-mediated pathways by E. adenophorum in hepatocytes of saanen goat. Oncotarget 2018; 7:54537-54548. [PMID: 27391155 PMCID: PMC5342361 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
E. adenophorum has reported to cause hepatotoxicity. But, the precise effects of E. adenophorum on hepatocytes is unclear. Saanen goats were fed on E. adenophorum to detect the cytotoxicity effects of E. adenophorum on hepatocytes. Our study has shown that the typical apoptotic features, the increasing apoptotic hepatocytes and activated caspase-9, −3 and the subsequent cleavage of PARP indicated the potent pro-apoptotic effects of E. adenophorum. Moreover, the translocation of Bax and Cyt c between mitochondria and cytosol triggering the forming of apoptosome proved that the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis was triggered by E. adenophorum. Furthermore, E. adenophorum increased the MDC-positive autophagic vacuoles and the subcellular localization of punctate LC3, the ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I and the protein levels of Beclin 1, but decreased that of P62, indicating the potent pro-autophagic effects of E. adenophorum. In addition, E. adenophorum significantly inhibited the protein leves of p-PI3K, p-Akt and p-mTORC1, but increased PTEN and p-AMPK. Also, the p-mTORC2 and p-Akt Ser473 were inhibited, indicating that the supression of mTORC2/Akt pathway could induce the autophagy of hepatocytes. The autophagy-realted results indicated that the inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTORC1- and mTORC2/Akt-mediated pathways contributed to the pro-autophagic activity of E. adenophorum. These findings provide new insights to understand the mechanisms involved in E. adenophorum-caused hepatotoxicity of Saanen goat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Wenjiang 611130, China
| | - Quan Mo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Wenjiang 611130, China
| | - Biao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Wenjiang 611130, China
| | - Yan Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Wenjiang 611130, China
| | - Ruiguang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Wenjiang 611130, China
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Wenjiang 611130, China
| | - Junliang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Wenjiang 611130, China
| | - Xiang Nong
- College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Le'shan, 614000, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Wenjiang 611130, China
| | - Wei He
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, School of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yahui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, School of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yanchun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Wenjiang 611130, China
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Zhou Z, Liu F, Zhang X, Zhou X, Zhong Z, Su H, Li J, Li H, Feng F, Lan J, Zhang Z, Fu H, Hu Y, Cao S, Chen W, Deng J, Yu J, Zhang W, Peng G. Cellulose-dependent expression and antibacterial characteristics of surfactin from Bacillus subtilis HH2 isolated from the giant panda. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191991. [PMID: 29385201 PMCID: PMC5791997 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactin secreted by Bacillus subtilis can confer strong, diverse antipathogenic effects, thereby benefitting the host. Carbon source is an important factor for surfactin production. However, the mechanism that bacteria utilize cellulose, the most abundant substance in the intestines of herbivores, to produce surfactin remains unclear. Here, we used B. subtilis HH2, isolated from the feces of a giant panda, as a model to determine changes in surfactin expression in the presence of different concentrations of cellulose by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and high-performance liquid chromatography. We further investigated the antimicrobial effects of surfactin against three common intestinal pathogens (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella enterica) and its resistance to high temperature (60-121°C), pH (1-12), trypsin (100-300 μg/mL, pH 8), and pepsin (100-300 μg/mL, pH 2). The results showed that the surfactin expressed lowest in bacteria cultured in the presence of 1% glucose medium as the carbon source, whereas increased in an appropriate cellulose concentration (0.67% glucose and 0.33% cellulose). The surfactin could inhibit E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus, but did not affect efficiently for Salmonella enterica. The antibacterial ability of surfactin did not differ according to temperature (60-100°C), pH (2-11), trypsin (100-300 μg/mL), and pepsin (100-300 μg/mL; P > 0.05), but decreased significantly at extreme environments (121°C, pH 1 or 12; P < 0.05) compared with that in the control group (37°C, pH = 7, without any protease). In conclusion, our findings indicated that B. subtilis HH2 could increase surfactin expression in an appropriate cellulose environment and thus provide benefits to improve the intestinal health of herbivores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyao Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Furui Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huaiyi Su
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haozhou Li
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Feng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingchao Lan
- The Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihe Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, China
| | - Hualin Fu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanchun Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Suizhong Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weigang Chen
- Institute of Wild Animals, Chengdu Zoo, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiabo Deng
- Institute of Wild Animals, Chengdu Zoo, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianqiu Yu
- Institute of Wild Animals, Chengdu Zoo, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenping Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Zhong Z, Tian Y, Song Y, Deng L, Li J, Ren Z, Ma X, Gu X, He C, Geng Y, Peng G. Correction: Molecular characterization and multi-locus genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from captive red kangaroos (Macropus Rfus) in Jiangsu province, China. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0190660. [PMID: 29287107 PMCID: PMC5747472 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183249.].
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Deng L, Li W, Zhong Z, Liu X, Chai Y, Luo X, Song Y, Wang W, Gong C, Huang X, Hu Y, Fu H, He M, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wu K, Cao S, Peng G. Prevalence and molecular characterization of Giardia intestinalis in racehorses from the Sichuan province of southwestern China. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189728. [PMID: 29261753 PMCID: PMC5738084 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Giardia intestinalis, a cosmopolitan zoonotic parasite, is one of the most common causes of protozoal diarrhea in both humans and animals worldwide. Although G. intestinalis has been detected in many animals, information regarding its prevalence and genotype in Chinese racehorses is scarce. In the present study, we investigated the prevalence of G. intestinalis in racehorses and performed molecular characterization of the pathogen to assess its zoonotic potential. Two hundred and sixty-four racehorse fecal samples from six equestrian clubs located in different regions of the Sichuan province of southwestern China were examined. Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the gene encoding triose-phosphate isomerase (tpi) showed the prevalence of G. intestinalis to be 8.3% (22/264), and the prevalence in different clubs varied from 3.6% to 13.5%. Three assemblages were identified in the successfully sequenced samples, including the potentially zoonotic assemblages A (n = 5) and B (n = 14), the mouse-specific assemblage G (n = 3), and a mixed A and B assemblage. Sequence analysis of tpi, glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), and beta giardin (bg) loci revealed that the majority of sequences isolated from assemblage A were identical to the subtype AIV and assemblage B isolates showed variability among the nucleotide sequences of the subtype BIV. Using the nomenclature for the multilocus genotype (MLG) model, one each of multilocus genotypes A (MLG1) and B (MLG2) were identified, with MLG2 being a novel genotype. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate G. intestinalis in Chinese racehorses. The presence of both animal and human assemblages of G. intestinalis in racehorses indicated that these animals might constitute a potential zoonotic risk to human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Li
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xuehan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | - Yijun Chai
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xue Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuan Song
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wuyou Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chao Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiangming Huang
- Chengdu Giant Panda Breeding Research Base, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yanchun Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hualin Fu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Min He
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ya Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Chengdu Giant Panda Breeding Research Base, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Kongju Wu
- Chengdu Giant Panda Breeding Research Base, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Suizhong Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- * E-mail:
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Li W, Song Y, Zhong Z, Huang X, Wang C, Li C, Yang H, Liu H, Ren Z, Lan J, Wu K, Peng G. Population genetics of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in captive giant pandas of China. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:499. [PMID: 29047380 PMCID: PMC5648467 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2459-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Most studies on Enterocytozoon bieneusi are conducted based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rRNA gene, whereas some have examined E. bieneusi population structures. Currently, the population genetics of this pathogen in giant panda remains unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the E. bieneusi population in captive giant pandas in China. Results We examined 69 E. bieneusi-positive specimens from captive giant pandas in China using five loci (ITS, MS1, MS3, MS4 and MS7) to infer E. bieneusi population genetics. For multilocus genotype (MLG) analysis of E. bieneusi-positive isolates, the MS1, MS3, MS4, and MS7 microsatellite and minisatellite loci were amplified and sequenced in 48, 45, 50 and 47 specimens, respectively, generating ten, eight, nine and five types. We successfully amplified 36 specimens and sequenced all five loci, forming 24 MLGs. Multilocus sequence analysis revealed a strong and significant linkage disequilibrium (LD), indicating a clonal population. This result was further supported by measurements of pairwise intergenic LD and a standardized index of association (ISA) from allelic profile data. The analysis in STRUCTURE suggested three subpopulations in E. bieneusi, further confirmed using right’s fixation index (FST). Subpopulations 1 and 2 exhibited an epidemic structure, whereas subpopulation 3 had a clonal structure. Conclusions Our results describe E. bieneusi population genetics in giant pandas for the first time, improving the current understanding E. bieneusi epidemiology in the studied region. These data also benefit future studies exploring potential transmission risks from pandas to other animals, including humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuan Song
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiangming Huang
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | | | - Caiwu Li
- Wolong Giant Panda Base, Aba, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Haidi Yang
- Wolong Giant Panda Base, Aba, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhihua Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jingchao Lan
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Kongju Wu
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, China.
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Xu R, Weng J, Hu L, Peng G, Ren Z, Deng J, Jia Y, Wang C, He H, Hu Y. Anti-NDV activity of 9-oxo10,11-dehydroageraphorone extracted from Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng in vitro. Nat Prod Res 2017; 32:2244-2247. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1371158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiguang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Wenjiang, China
| | - Jiahua Weng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Wenjiang, China
| | - Liwen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Wenjiang, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Wenjiang, China
| | - Zhihua Ren
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Wenjiang, China
| | - Junliang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Wenjiang, China
| | - Yan Jia
- Agricultural and Environmental Branch, Jiaxing Vocational Technical College, Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, China
| | - Chengmin Wang
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxuan He
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanchun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Wenjiang, China
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Zhong Z, Tian Y, Song Y, Deng L, Li J, Ren Z, Ma X, Gu X, He C, Geng Y, Peng G. Molecular characterization and multi-locus genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from captive red kangaroos (Macropus Rufus) in Jiangsu province, China. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183249. [PMID: 28806735 PMCID: PMC5555684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most common pathogen of microsporidian species infecting humans worldwide. Although E. bieneusi has been found in a variety of animal hosts, information on the presence of E. bieneusi in captive kangaroos in China is limited. The present study was aimed at determining the occurrence and genetic diversity of E. bieneusi in captive kangaroos. A total of 61 fecal specimens (38 from red kangaroos and 23 from grey kangaroos) were collected from Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo and Hongshan Kangaroo Breeding Research Base, Jiangsu province, China. Using the nested PCR amplification ITS gene of rRNA of E. bieneusi, totally 23.0% (14/61) of tested samples were PCR-positive with three genotypes (i.e. one known genotype, CHK1, and two novel genotypes, CSK1 and CSK2). Multi-locus sequence typing using three microsatellites (MS1, MS3, and MS7) and one minisatellite (MS4) revealed one, five, two, and one types at these four loci, respectively. In phylogenetic analysis, the two genotypes, CHK1 and CSK1, were clustered into a new group of unknown zoonotic potential, and the novel genotype CSK2 was clustered into a separate clade with PtEb and PtEbIX. To date, this is the first report on the presence of E. bieneusi in captive red kangaroos in Jiangsu province, China. Furthermore, a high degree of genetic diversity was observed in the E. bieneusi genotype and seven MLGs (MLG1-7) were found in red kangaroos. Our findings suggest that infected kangaroo may act as potential reservoirs of E. bieneusi and be source to transmit infections to other animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yinan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Song
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Lei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Junxian Li
- Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Ren
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobin Gu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Changliang He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yi Geng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
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112
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Zhang Y, Zhong Z, Deng L, Wang M, Li W, Gong C, Fu H, Cao S, Shi X, Wu K, Peng G. Detection and multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in dogs in Sichuan province, China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 24:31. [PMID: 28770713 PMCID: PMC5541510 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2017032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Giardia duodenalis (also known as G. intestinalis) is a flagellated protozoan that parasitizes the small intestine and is a common causal agent of zoonotic infections in humans and animals. To assess the genetic diversity and zoonotic transmission potential of G. duodenalis in stray dogs, 159 fecal specimens were collected from dogs in Chengdu, Yaan, and Leshan in Sichuan province, China. Of the 159 fecal samples from stray dogs, 18 (11.3%) were G. duodenalis-positive based on nested PCR amplification of the beta giardin (bg) gene, and the occurrence varied from 1.8% to 35% in different cities. Dog-specific assemblages C (n = 9) and D (n = 9) were identified. The glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) and triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) genes of all bg-positive isolates were characterized. A total of 16 and 8 isolates were positive for the gdh and tpi genes, respectively. Two novel sequences of the bg locus were detected among genetic assemblage D isolates, and one novel gdh sequence and four novel tpi sequences were identified among genetic assemblage C isolates. Mixed infections of assemblages C and D were also detected. Assemblages A and B, which have high zoonotic potential, were not detected. Our results show that G. duodenalis is prevalent and a cause of diarrhea in dogs in Sichuan province, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province 611130, P.R. China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province 611130, P.R. China
| | - Lei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province 611130, P.R. China
| | - Maoqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province 611130, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province 611130, P.R. China
| | - Chao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province 611130, P.R. China
| | - Hualin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province 611130, P.R. China
| | - Suizhong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province 611130, P.R. China
| | - Xianpeng Shi
- Sichuan Agricultural University, Teaching Animal Hospital, Yaan, Sichuan Province 625000, P.R. China
| | - Kongju Wu
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611130, P.R. China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province 611130, P.R. China
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Liu M, Yin D, Fu H, Deng F, Peng G, Shu G, Yuan Z, Shi F, Lin J, Zhao L, Yin L, Fan G. Double-coated enrofloxacin microparticles with chitosan and alginate: Preparation, characterization and taste-masking effect study. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 170:247-253. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Mo Q, Hu L, Weng J, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Xu R, Zuo Z, Deng J, Ren Z, Zhong Z, Peng G, Nong X, Wei Y, Hu Y. Euptox A Induces G1 Arrest and Autophagy via p38 MAPK- and PI3K/Akt/mTOR-Mediated Pathways in Mouse Splenocytes. J Histochem Cytochem 2017; 65:543-558. [PMID: 28745544 DOI: 10.1369/0022155417722118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Euptox A (9-oxo-10, 11-dehydroageraphorone), the main toxin isolated from Eupatorium adenophorum, is known to induce immunotoxicity in animals. However, the precise mechanism underlying the effects of Euptox A on splenocytes is unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of Euptox A in mouse spleens after its intragastric administration and found that Euptox A exhibits proautophagic effects in splenocytes. Euptox A markedly arrested the splenocytes in the G0/G1 phase, which was accompanied by inhibition of the expression of the positive regulators CDK4, CDK2, cyclin D1, PCNA, and E2F1, and promotion of the expression of the negative regulators p53, p21 Waf1/Cip1, p27 Kip1, and Chk1. We also found that Euptox A did not markedly induce splenocyte apoptosis, but induced autophagy while increasing the subcellular localization of punctate LC3, ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I, and Beclin 1 levels, and decreasing p62 levels. Euptox A also significantly inhibited p-PI3K, p-p38 MAPK, p-Akt, and p-mTOR expression, but increased PTEN and p-AMPK expression. These results indicated that Euptox A induced splenocyte autophagy by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, suppressing p38 MAPK expression, and activating AMPK. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms involved in spleen toxicity caused by Euptox A in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Mo
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China (QM, LH, JW, YZ, YCZ, RX, ZCZ, JD, ZR, ZJZ, GP, YH)
| | - Liwen Hu
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China (QM, LH, JW, YZ, YCZ, RX, ZCZ, JD, ZR, ZJZ, GP, YH)
| | - Jiahua Weng
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China (QM, LH, JW, YZ, YCZ, RX, ZCZ, JD, ZR, ZJZ, GP, YH)
| | - Yong Zhang
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China (QM, LH, JW, YZ, YCZ, RX, ZCZ, JD, ZR, ZJZ, GP, YH)
| | - Yancheng Zhou
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China (QM, LH, JW, YZ, YCZ, RX, ZCZ, JD, ZR, ZJZ, GP, YH)
| | - Ruiguang Xu
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China (QM, LH, JW, YZ, YCZ, RX, ZCZ, JD, ZR, ZJZ, GP, YH)
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China (QM, LH, JW, YZ, YCZ, RX, ZCZ, JD, ZR, ZJZ, GP, YH)
| | - Junliang Deng
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China (QM, LH, JW, YZ, YCZ, RX, ZCZ, JD, ZR, ZJZ, GP, YH)
| | - Zhihua Ren
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China (QM, LH, JW, YZ, YCZ, RX, ZCZ, JD, ZR, ZJZ, GP, YH)
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China (QM, LH, JW, YZ, YCZ, RX, ZCZ, JD, ZR, ZJZ, GP, YH)
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China (QM, LH, JW, YZ, YCZ, RX, ZCZ, JD, ZR, ZJZ, GP, YH)
| | - Xiang Nong
- College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan, China (XN)
| | - Yahui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, School of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China (YW)
| | - Yanchun Hu
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China (QM, LH, JW, YZ, YCZ, RX, ZCZ, JD, ZR, ZJZ, GP, YH)
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115
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Kumar S, Peng X, Daley J, Yang L, Shen J, Nguyen N, Bae G, Niu H, Peng Y, Hsieh HJ, Wang L, Rao C, Stephan CC, Sung P, Ira G, Peng G. Inhibition of DNA2 nuclease as a therapeutic strategy targeting replication stress in cancer cells. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e319. [PMID: 28414320 PMCID: PMC5520492 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2017.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Replication stress is a characteristic feature of cancer cells, which is resulted from sustained proliferative signaling induced by activation of oncogenes or loss of tumor suppressors. In cancer cells, oncogene-induced replication stress manifests as replication-associated lesions, predominantly double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs). An essential mechanism utilized by cells to repair replication-associated DSBs is homologous recombination (HR). In order to overcome replication stress and survive, cancer cells often require enhanced HR repair capacity. Therefore, the key link between HR repair and cellular tolerance to replication-associated DSBs provides us with a mechanistic rationale for exploiting synthetic lethality between HR repair inhibition and replication stress. DNA2 nuclease is an evolutionarily conserved essential enzyme in replication and HR repair. Here we demonstrate that DNA2 is overexpressed in pancreatic cancers, one of the deadliest and more aggressive forms of human cancers, where mutations in the KRAS are present in 90–95% of cases. In addition, depletion of DNA2 significantly reduces pancreatic cancer cell survival and xenograft tumor growth, suggesting the therapeutic potential of DNA2 inhibition. Finally, we develop a robust high-throughput biochemistry assay to screen for inhibitors of the DNA2 nuclease activity. The top inhibitors were shown to be efficacious against both yeast Dna2 and human DNA2. Treatment of cancer cells with DNA2 inhibitors recapitulates phenotypes observed upon DNA2 depletion, including decreased DNA double strand break end resection and attenuation of HR repair. Similar to genetic ablation of DNA2, chemical inhibition of DNA2 selectively attenuates the growth of various cancer cells with oncogene-induced replication stress. Taken together, our findings open a new avenue to develop a new class of anticancer drugs by targeting druggable nuclease DNA2. We propose DNA2 inhibition as new strategy in cancer therapy by targeting replication stress, a molecular property of cancer cells that is acquired as a result of oncogene activation instead of targeting currently undruggable oncoprotein itself such as KRAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kumar
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - X Peng
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - J Daley
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - L Yang
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J Shen
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - N Nguyen
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - G Bae
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - H Niu
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Y Peng
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - H-J Hsieh
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - L Wang
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - C Rao
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - C C Stephan
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - P Sung
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - G Ira
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - G Peng
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Deng L, Li W, Zhong Z, Gong C, Cao X, Song Y, Wang W, Huang X, Liu X, Hu Y, Fu H, He M, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wu K, Peng G. Occurrence and Genetic Characteristics of Cryptosporidium hominis and Cryptosporidium andersoni in Horses from Southwestern China. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2017; 64:716-720. [PMID: 28166378 PMCID: PMC5599969 DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
A total of 333 fecal specimens from horses in southwestern China were genotyped based on analysis of the small subunit rRNA (SSUrRNA) gene. Cryptosporidium hominis and Cryptosporidium andersoni were identified in 2 and 4 stool specimens, respectively. The identification of C. hominis was confirmed by sequence analysis of the 70‐kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) and oocyst wall protein (COWP) genes. Subtyping analysis of the 60‐kDa glycoprotein (GP60) gene sequence of C. hominis revealed a new rare subtype Id, named IdA15; only three Id isolates have been reported in humans to date. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis indicated that the C. andersoni subtype was A6, A5, A2, and A1 at the four minisatellite loci (MS1, MS2, MS3, and MS16, respectively). This is the first report to identify the presence of C. andersoni and C. hominis in horses in southwestern China and the first to identify a rare zoonotic subtype Id of C. hominis in horses. These findings suggest that infected horses may act as potential reservoirs of Cryptosporidium to transmit infections to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Wei Li
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Chao Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Xuefeng Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Yuan Song
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Wuyou Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Xiangming Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Xuehan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Yanchun Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Hualin Fu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Min He
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Ya Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Chengdu Giant Panda Breeding Research Base, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 625001, China
| | - Kongju Wu
- Chengdu Giant Panda Breeding Research Base, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 625001, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
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Li W, Li G, Zhong Z, Xie B, Zhou Z, Gu W, Shi X, Tang T, Ai S, Fu H, Liu M, Liu M, Wu D, Hu Y, Peng G. Validation of an HPLC assay for determination of Telazol in pregnant pigs: application to placental transfer study. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 79:801-806. [PMID: 28302956 PMCID: PMC5402205 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Anesthetics utilized for the immobilization of pregnant mammals are prone to crossing the
placental barrier and cause adverse effects to the fetuses. In this study, we develop a
facile method employing high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the study of
Telazol crossing the placental barrier of pregnant pigs. The method mainly relies on the
efficient extraction strategy that includes the mobile phase composed of 10 mM ammonium
acetate aqueous solution-acetonitrile (1:4, v/v). When the injected dose of Telazol is 10
mg/kg (5 mg/kg of each constituent drug, zolazepem and tiletamine), zolazepam can cross
the placental barrier as it is detected in both uterus and umbilical cord with
approximately the same content. Conversely, tiletamine is detected in neither uterus nor
umbilical cord, indicating the absence of placental transfer of tiletamine. The different
absorption rates of the two dosage-equal compounds by pigs are found to be the main cause
of their different abilities to cross the placental barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, P. R. China
| | - Gangshi Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, P. R. China
| | - Bingbing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, P. R. China
| | - Ziyao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, P. R. China
| | - Wuyang Gu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, P. R. China
| | - Xianpeng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, P. R. China
| | - Tianliang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, P. R. China
| | - Shengquan Ai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, P. R. China
| | - Hualin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, P. R. China
| | - Mengjiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, P. R. China
| | - Mengxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, P. R. China
| | - De Wu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, P. R. China
| | - Yanchun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, P. R. China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, P. R. China
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Li W, Deng L, Wu K, Huang X, Song Y, Su H, Hu Y, Fu H, Zhong Z, Peng G. Presence of zoonotic Cryptosporidium scrofarum, Giardia duodenalis assemblage A and Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in captive Eurasian wild boars (Sus scrofa) in China: potential for zoonotic transmission. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:10. [PMID: 28061911 PMCID: PMC5219718 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1942-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis and Enterocytozoon bieneusi are the main causal pathogens of gastrointestinal disease. However, there are limited reports about the prevalence of these organisms in captive Eurasian wild boars worldwide. Therefore, we examined the occurrence and identified the species/assemblages/genotypes of these pathogens in captive Eurasian wild boars, and estimated the zoonotic potential. Findings Of 357 fecal samples collected from captive Eurasian wild boars in China, 155 (43.4%) were infected with Cryptosporidium, G. duodenalis and/or E. bieneusi. The infection rates significantly differed in different areas, but did not differ between wild boars kept indoors and outdoors. Three (0.8%), 11 (3.1%) and 147 (41.2%) fecal samples were positive for Cryptosporidium, G. duodenalis and E. bieneusi, respectively. Sequence analysis of SSU rRNA gene revealed that all of the Cryptosporidium strains belonged to C. scrofarum. Based on the sequence analysis of the β-giardia gene of G. duodenalis, assemblages E and A were characterized. Fourteen E. bieneusi genotypes comprising five novel (WildBoar 7–11) and eight known (EbpC, F, CHG19, CHC5, PigEBITS5, D, RWSH4, SC02) genotypes were identified by ITS sequencing. EbpC was the most frequent genotype, detected in 85 specimens. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all 14 genotypes belonged to Group 1. Conclusions This first report on the occurrence of Cryptosporidium, G. duodenalis and E. bieneusi in captive wild boars in China indicates that the presence of zoonotic species/assemblages/genotypes poses a threat to public health. The findings suggest that wild boars could be a significant source of human infection and water pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Lei Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Kongju Wu
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Sichuan, 610081, China
| | - Xiangming Huang
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Sichuan, 610081, China
| | - Yuan Song
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Huaiyi Su
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Yanchun Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Hualin Fu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, 611130, China.
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Cao X, Tian Y, Huang X, Qiu W, Yang Y, Gong C, Yang K, Yuan B, Peng G, Zhong Z. How the Canine Distemper Virus Infects Human Cells at the Molecular Level in Vitro. Bing Du Xue Bao 2017; 33:116-122. [PMID: 30702831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Infection by the canine distemper virus (CDV) results in a fulminating infectious disease that causes serious harm to dogs. With breaking 'of the CDV into primates, some researchers wonder if the CDV will cause a serious infection in humans. To better understand the potential of the CDV to infect humans, the molecular characteristics of the CDV, how it infects target cells in the host, the key receptors involved in infection, and infection of human cells in vitro were assessed in this review. There is no direct evidence that CDV can colonize and grow in humans. Two key receptors, SLAM and nectin-4, in hunans and primates have high identity, and the CDV can infect human cells in vitro. Therefore, we must pay close attention to the potential threat of infection by the CDV in humans.
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Abstract
Ion channels represent the molecular entities that give rise to the cardiac action potential, the fundamental cellular electrical event in the heart. The concerted function of these channels leads to normal cyclical excitation and resultant contraction of cardiac muscle. Research into cardiac ion channel regulation and mutations that underlie disease pathogenesis has greatly enhanced our knowledge of the causes and clinical management of cardiac arrhythmia. Here we review the molecular determinants, pathogenesis, and pharmacology of congenital Long QT Syndrome. We examine mechanisms of dysfunction associated with three critical cardiac currents that comprise the majority of congenital Long QT Syndrome cases: 1) IKs, the slow delayed rectifier current; 2) IKr, the rapid delayed rectifier current; and 3) INa, the voltage-dependent sodium current. Less common subtypes of congenital Long QT Syndrome affect other cardiac ionic currents that contribute to the dynamic nature of cardiac electrophysiology. Through the study of mutations that cause congenital Long QT Syndrome, the scientific community has advanced understanding of ion channel structure-function relationships, physiology, and pharmacological response to clinically employed and experimental pharmacological agents. Our understanding of congenital Long QT Syndrome continues to evolve rapidly and with great benefits: genotype-driven clinical management of the disease has improved patient care as precision medicine becomes even more a reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Bohnen
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; and The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York
| | - G Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; and The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York
| | - S H Robey
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; and The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York
| | - C Terrenoire
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; and The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York
| | - V Iyer
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; and The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York
| | - K J Sampson
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; and The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York
| | - R S Kass
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; and The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York
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Deng L, Li W, Yu X, Gong C, Liu X, Zhong Z, Xie N, Lei S, Yu J, Fu H, Chen H, Xu H, Hu Y, Peng G. Correction: First Report of the Human-Pathogenic Enterocytozoon bieneusi from Red-Bellied Tree Squirrels (Callosciurus erythraeus) in Sichuan, China. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168631. [PMID: 27992597 PMCID: PMC5167542 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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Cao X, Peng G, Huang X, Wang W, Tian Y, Xu X, Lei S, Yang Y, Gong C, Yang K, Yuan B, Ren Z, Zhong Z. [Canine Parvovirusin Diarrheal Dogs and Analyses of the Full-Length VP2 Gene of Dogs]. Bing Du Xue Bao 2016; 32:733-739. [PMID: 30004205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigated infection by canine parvovirus and genetic variation of the VP2 gene. We collected feces samples of 50 diarrheal dogs in Sichuan Province, China. Analyses polymerase chain reaction (PCRs), agarose gel electrophoresis, and amplification of the complete sequence of canine parvovirus were done. We observed 19PCR-positive samples. Sequencing analyses of 15PCR-positive samples based on amplification of the complete VP2 gene showed all to be CPV-2a,and to be polymerized with Sichuan isolates. These results suggest that the common epidemic strain in Sichuan Province is CPV-2a,and may originate from the same strain. Compared with reference strains, there were no significant variations in canine parvovirus in Sichuan Province, China.
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Reimer J, Peng G, Viereck S, De Boni E, Breinl J, Vogel F. A novel salt separator for the supercritical water gasification of biomass. J Supercrit Fluids 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gu Y, Liu Y, Cao S, Huang X, Zuo Z, Yu S, Deng J, Ding C, Yuan M, Shen L, Wu R, Wen Y, Ren Z, Zhao Q, Peng G, Zhong Z, Wang C, Ma X. Suppressive subtractive hybridization reveals different gene expression between high and low virulence strains of Cladosporium cladosporioides. Microb Pathog 2016; 100:276-284. [PMID: 27744104 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cladosporium cladosporioides is a ubiquitous fungus, causing infections in plants, humans, and animals. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were used in this study to identify differences in gene expression between two C. cladosporioides strains, the highly virulent Z20 strain and the lowly virulent Zt strain. A total of 61 unigenes from the forward library and 42 from the reverse library were identified. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that these genes were involved in various biological processes, cellular components and molecular functions. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that the unigenes in the forward library corresponded to 5 different pathways and the reverse library unigenes were involved in 3 different pathways. The qRT-PCR results indicated that expressions of APL1, GUD1, CSE1, SPBC3E7.04c and MFS were significantly different between Z20 and Zt strains, while genes encoding the senescence-associated proteins, pse1, nup107, mip1, pex2, icl1 and α/β hydrolase exhibited no significant differences between the two strains. In addition, we found that 5 unigenes encoding mip1, chk1, icl1, α/β hydrolase and β-glucosidase may be associated with pathogenicity. One unigene (MFS) may be related to the resistance to 14 α-demethylase inhibitor fungicides, and 5 unigenes (PEX2, NUP107, PSE1, APL1, and SPBC3E7.04c) may be related to either low spore yield or earlier aging of the Zt strain. Our study may help better understand the molecular mechanism of C. cladosporioides infection, and therefore improve the treatment and prevention of C. cladosporioides induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gu
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Sanjie Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shumin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Junliang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chunbang Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Ming Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Liuhong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yiping Wen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhihua Ren
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chengdong Wang
- China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda, Ya'an, 625000, China.
| | - Xiaoping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Deng L, Li W, Zhong Z, Gong C, Liu X, Huang X, Xiao L, Zhao R, Wang W, Feng F, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Fu H, He M, Zhang Y, Wu K, Peng G. Molecular characterization and multilocus genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi among horses in southwestern China. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:561. [PMID: 27776551 PMCID: PMC5078948 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1844-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enterocytozoon bieneusi is one of the most prevalent causative species of diarrhea and enteric diseases in various hosts. E. bieneusi has been identified in humans, mammals, birds, rodents and reptiles in China, but few studies have reported E. bieneusi in horses. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the prevalence, molecular characteristics and zoonotic potential of E. bieneusi among horses in southwestern China. Findings Three hundred and thirty-three fecal specimens were collected from horses on five farms in the Sichuan and Yunnan provinces of southwestern China. The prevalence of E. bieneusi was 22.5 % (75/333), as determined by nested polymerase chain reaction and sequencing analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal RNA gene of E. bieneusi. Altogether, 10 genotypes were identified among the 75 E. bieneusi-positive samples: four of these genotypes were known (horse1, horse2, SC02 and D) and six were novel (SCH1-4 and YNH1-2). Multilocus sequence typing using three microsatellites (MS1, MS3 and MS7) and one minisatellite (MS4) revealed three, two, three and three genotypes at these four loci, respectively. In phylogenetic analysis, all the genotypes of E. bieneusi obtained in this study were clustered into three distinct groups: D, SC02 and SCH1-3 were clustered into group 1 (zoonotic potential); SCH4 was clustered into group 2 (cattle-hosted); whereas horse2, YNH1 and YNH2 were clustered into group 6 (unclear zoonotic potential). Conclusions This is the first report of E. bieneusi among horses in southwestern China. This is also the first multilocus genotyping analysis using microsatellite and minisatellite markers of E. bieneusi in horses. The presence of genotype D, which was previously identified in humans, and genotypes SC02 and SCH1-3, which belong to potential zoonotic group 1, these results indicate that horses are a potential source of human E. bieneusi infections in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Wei Li
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Chao Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Xuehan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Xiangming Huang
- Chengdu Giant Panda Breeding Research Base, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 625001, China
| | - Li Xiao
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Ruoxuan Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Wuyou Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Fan Feng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Yanchun Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Hualin Fu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Min He
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Chengdu Giant Panda Breeding Research Base, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 625001, China
| | - Kongju Wu
- Chengdu Giant Panda Breeding Research Base, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 625001, China.
| | - Guangneng Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China.
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Yu Z, Geng Y, Wang K, Chen D, Huang X, Ou Y, Peng G. Complete genome sequence of Vibrio mimicus strain SCCF01 with potential application in fish vaccine development. Virulence 2016; 8:1028-1030. [PMID: 27763808 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2016.1250996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Yu
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wengjiang, Sichuan , P. R. China
| | - Yi Geng
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wengjiang, Sichuan , P. R. China
| | - Kaiyu Wang
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wengjiang, Sichuan , P. R. China
| | - Defang Chen
- b Department of Aquaculture , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wengjiang, Sichuan , P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wengjiang, Sichuan , P. R. China
| | - Yangping Ou
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wengjiang, Sichuan , P. R. China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wengjiang, Sichuan , P. R. China
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Zhu C, Peng G, Yi W, Song H, Liu F, Liu X. The Influenza A Virus Non-structural Protein NS1 Upregulates The Expression of Collagen Triple Helix Repeat Containing 1 Protein. Scand J Immunol 2016; 84:365-369. [PMID: 27718266 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) infection induces a strong immune response and regulates the expression of many host proteins. The collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 (CTHRC1) protein is a secreted protein that exhibits increased expression during the viral infection process. However, the regulatory function of IAV on CTHRC1 expression is obscure. In this study, we investigated the effect of IAV on CTHRC1 expression and its regulatory mechanism. A total of 106 serum specimens from healthy people and 80 serum specimens from patients infected with IAV were collected. The CTHRC1 levels in the sera from the IVA patients and healthy individuals were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the differences were statistically analysed. A549 cells were infected with the IAV or delNS1 virus. Additionally, A549 cells were cotransfected with a eukaryotic non-structural NS1 protein gene expression plasmid and the CTHRC1 gene promoter reporter plasmid (pCTHRC1-Luc), and, the luciferase activities were assessed. The CTHRC1 mRNA and protein expression were detected using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting, respectively. The serum CTHRC1 level was significantly higher in the IAV patients than in the healthy individuals. IAV upregulated the CTHRC1 mRNA and protein expression. The non-structural NS1 protein specifically activated CTHRC1 gene promoter activity and upregulated CTHRC1 mRNA and protein expression. The activation function had a dose-dependent effect, indicating that influenza virus upregulated CTHRC1 expression through its NS1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - G Peng
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - W Yi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - H Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medicine University, Shanghai, China
| | - F Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medicine University, Shanghai, China
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Wang X, Zuo Z, Zhao C, Zhang Z, Peng G, Cao S, Hu Y, Yu S, Zhong Z, Deng J, Ren Z. Protective role of selenium in the activities of antioxidant enzymes in piglet splenic lymphocytes exposed to deoxynivalenol. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 47:53-61. [PMID: 27620958 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of selenium (Se) on antioxidant enzymes of piglet splenic lymphocytes exposed to deoxynivalenol (DON). We measured cell viability, the activities of several antioxidant enzymes, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), as well as total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and the levels of malonaldehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). We found that DON exposure increased the concentrations of LDH, MDA, and H2O2 in all experimental groups in a dose-dependent manner, while the concentrations of other antioxidant enzymes were decreased. In Se-pretreated DON-exposed cells, damage to antioxidant enzymes was reduced, especially in the lower-dose DON groups over longer exposure times. These results may indicate that in piglet splenic lymphocytes, Se can alleviate DON-induced damage to antioxidant enzymes by improving glutathione peroxidase activity. Se may function as a potential antioxidative agent to alleviate DON-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Chuanping Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Guangneng Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Suizhong Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Yanchun Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Shumin Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Junliang Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Zhihua Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Truong D, Peng G, Chien L, Lin A. Increased risk of hepatotoxicity and hyperuricemia in elderly Taiwanese
multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients taking pyrazinamide. Ann Glob Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2016.04.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Li W, Deng L, Yu X, Zhong Z, Wang Q, Liu X, Niu L, Xie N, Deng J, Lei S, Wang L, Gong C, Zhou Z, Hu Y, Fu H, Xu H, Geng Y, Peng G. Multilocus genotypes and broad host-range of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in captive wildlife at zoological gardens in China. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:395. [PMID: 27391225 PMCID: PMC4939065 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1668-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a common opportunistic pathogen that is widely detected in humans, domestic animals and wildlife, and poses a challenge to public health. The present study was performed to evaluate the prevalence, genotypic diversity and zoonotic potential of E. bieneusi among wildlife at Chengdu and Bifengxia zoological gardens in Sichuan Province, China. Results Of the 272 fresh fecal samples harvested from 70 captive wildlife species at Chengdu Zoo (n = 198) and Bifengxia Zoo (n = 74), 21 (10.6 %) and 22 (29.7 %) tested positive for E. bieneusi by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing analysis, respectively. Specifically, genotypes D, Peru 6, CHB1, BEB6, CHS9, SC02 and SC03, and genotypes D, CHB1, SC01 and SC02 were detected in the Chengdu and Bifengxia Zoo samples, respectively. Five known genotypes (D, Peru 6, BEB6, CHS9 and CHB1) and three novel genotypes (SC01, SC02 and SC03) were clustered into the zoonotic group (group 1) and host-adapted group (group 2). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis targeting three microsatellites (MS1, MS3 and MS7) and one minisatellite (MS4) were successfully sequenced for 37, 33, 35 and 37 specimens, generating 8, 3, 11 and 15 distinct locus types, respectively. Altogether, we identified 27 multilocus genotypes (MLGs) among the E. bieneusi isolates by MLST. These data highlight the high genetic diversity of E. bieneusi among zoo wildlife. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first report on the prevalence and genotypic diversity of E. bieneusi infections among captive wildlife in zoos in southwest China. Notably, we identified three novel E. bieneusi genotypes, as well as six new mammalian hosts (Asian golden cats, Tibetian blue bears, blackbucks, hog deer, Malayan sun bears and brown bears) for this organism. Moreover, the occurrence of zoonotic genotypes suggests that wildlife may act as reservoirs of E. bieneusi that can serve as a source of human microsporidiosis. The findings presented here should contribute to the control of zoonotic disease in China. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1668-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Lei Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Xingming Yu
- The Chengdu Zoo, Institute of Wild Animals, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 625001, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- The Chengdu Zoo, Institute of Wild Animals, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 625001, China
| | - Xuehan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Lili Niu
- The Chengdu Zoo, Institute of Wild Animals, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 625001, China
| | - Na Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Jiabo Deng
- The Chengdu Zoo, Institute of Wild Animals, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 625001, China
| | - Shuangshuang Lei
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Liqin Wang
- The Chengdu Zoo, Institute of Wild Animals, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 625001, China
| | - Chao Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Ziyao Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Yanchun Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Hualin Fu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Huailiang Xu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Yi Geng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 611130, China.
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Zhong Z, Xu X, Li X, Liu S, Lei S, Yang M, Yu J, Yuan J, Ke Y, Du X, Wang Z, Ren Z, Peng G, Wang Y, Chen Z. Large-scale identification of small noncoding RNA with strand-specific deep sequencing and characterization of a novel virulence-related sRNA in Brucella melitensis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25123. [PMID: 27112796 PMCID: PMC4845025 DOI: 10.1038/srep25123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucella is the causative agent of brucellosis, a worldwide epidemic zoonosis. Small noncoding RNAs (sRNAs) are important modulators of gene expression and involved in pathogenesis and stress adaptation of Brucella. In this study, using a strand-specific RNA deep-sequencing approach, we identified a global set of sRNAs expressed by B. melitensis 16M. In total, 1321 sRNAs were identified, ranging from 100 to 600 nucleotides. These sRNAs differ in their expression levels and strand and chromosomal distributions. The role of BSR0441, one of these sRNAs, in the virulence of B. melitensis 16M was further characterized. BSR0441 was highly induced during the infection of macrophages and mice. The deletion mutant of BSR0441 showed significantly reduced spleen colonization in the middle and late phases of infection. The expression of the BSR0441 target mRNA genes was also altered in the BSR0441 mutant strain during macrophage and mice infection, which is consistent with its reduced intracellular survival capacity. In summary, Brucella encodes a large number of sRNAs, which may be involved in the stress adaptation and virulence of Brucella. Further investigation of these regulators will extend our understanding of the Brucella pathogenesis mechanism and the interactions between Brucella and its hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China.,Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China.,Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
| | - Xinran Li
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
| | - Shiwei Liu
- Wangjing Hospital, Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, P. R. China
| | - Shuangshuang Lei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China.,Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
| | - Mingjuan Yang
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
| | - Jiuxuan Yu
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
| | - Jiuyun Yuan
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
| | - Yuehua Ke
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
| | - Xinying Du
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
| | - Zhoujia Wang
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
| | - Zhihua Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, P. R. China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Beijing 100039, P. R. China
| | - Zeliang Chen
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonotic of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, P. R. China
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Lei S, Zhong Z, Ke Y, Yang M, Xu X, Ren H, An C, Yuan J, Yu J, Xu J, Qiu Y, Shi Y, Wang Y, Peng G, Chen Z. Deletion of the Small RNA Chaperone Protein Hfq down Regulates Genes Related to Virulence and Confers Protection against Wild-Type Brucella Challenge in Mice. Front Microbiol 2016; 6:1570. [PMID: 26834720 PMCID: PMC4718986 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is one of the most common zoonotic epidemics worldwide. Brucella, the etiological pathogen of brucellosis, has unique virulence characteristics, including the ability to survive within the host cell. Hfq is a bacterial chaperone protein that is involved in the survival of the pathogen under stress conditions. Moreover, hfq affects the expression of a large number of target genes. In the present study, we characterized the expression and regulatory patterns of the target genes of Hfq during brucellosis. The results revealed that hfq expression is highly induced in macrophages at the early infection stage and at the late stage of mouse infection. Several genes related to virulence, including omp25, omp31, vjbR, htrA, gntR, and dnaK, were found to be regulated by hfq during infection in BALB/c mice. Gene expression and cytokine secretion analysis revealed that an hfq-deletion mutant induced different cytokine profiles compared with that induced by 16M. Infection with the hfq-deletion mutant induced protective immune responses against 16M challenge. Together, these results suggest that hfq is induced during infection and its deletion results in significant attenuation which affects the host immune response caused by Brucella infection. By regulating genes related to virulence, hfq promotes the virulence of Brucella. The unique characteristics of the hfq-deletion mutant, including its decreased virulence and the ability to induce protective immune response upon infection, suggest that it represents an attractive candidate for the design of a live attenuated vaccine against Brucella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Lei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Yuehua Ke
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Science Beijing, China
| | - Mingjuan Yang
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Science Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Ren
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Science Beijing, China
| | - Chang An
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Science Beijing, China
| | - Jiuyun Yuan
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Science Beijing, China
| | - Jiuxuan Yu
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical ScienceBeijing, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhot, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Science Beijing, China
| | - Yefeng Qiu
- Experimental Animal Center, Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Yanchun Shi
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Inner Mongolia Medical University Hohhot, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces Beijing, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Zeliang Chen
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical ScienceBeijing, China; College of Medicine, Shihezi UniversityShihezi, China
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He Y, Chen W, Hu Y, Luo B, Wu L, Qiao Y, Mo Q, Xu R, Zhou Y, Ren Z, Zuo Z, Deng J, Peng G, He W, Wei Y. E. adenophorum Induces Cell Cycle and Apoptosis of Renal Cells through Mitochondrial Pathway and Caspase Activation in Saanen Goat. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138504. [PMID: 26382060 PMCID: PMC4575129 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytotoxicity effects of E. adenophorum on cell cycle and apoptosis of renal cells in Saanen goat was evaluated by TUNEL, DAPI, AO/EB staining, DNA fragmentation assay, Caspase activity, Western-blot, qRT-PCR and flow cytometry analysis. 16 saanen goats randomly divided into four groups were fed on 0%, 40%, 60% and 80% E. adenophorum diets. The Results showed that E. adenophorum induced typical apoptotic features of renal cells. E. adenophorum significantly suppressed renal cells viability, caused cell cycle activity arrest and induced typical apoptotic features in a dose-dependent manner. However, the protein levels of Fas/FasL, Bid and caspase-8 did not appear significant changes in the process of E. adenophorum-induced apoptosis. Moreover, E. adenophorum administration slightly decreased Bcl-2 expression, promoted Bax translocation to mitochondria, triggered the release of Cyt c from mitochondria into cytosol and activated caspase-9, -3, and cleaved PARP. The mitochondrial p53 translocation was significantly activated, accompanied by a significant increase in the loss of ΔΨm, Cyt c release and caspase-9 activation. Above all, these data suggest that E. adenophorum induces renal cells apoptosis via the activation of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway in renal cells. These findings may provide new insights to understand the mechanisms involved in E. adenophorum-caused cytotoxicity of renal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun He
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yanchun Hu
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
- * E-mail: (YH); (YW)
| | - Biao Luo
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yan Qiao
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Quan Mo
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ruiguang Xu
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yancheng Zhou
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhihua Ren
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Junliang Deng
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Key laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei He
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, School of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yahui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, School of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- * E-mail: (YH); (YW)
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Wei R, Wang J, Xu Y, Yin B, He F, Du Y, Peng G, Luo B. Probenecid protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting lysosomal and inflammatory damage in rats. Neuroscience 2015; 301:168-77. [PMID: 26047730 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Probenecid has been used for decades to treat gout, and recent studies have revealed it is also a specific inhibitor of the pannexin-1 channel. It has been reported that the pannexin-1 channel is involved in ischemic injury. Here, we investigated the neuroprotective effect and the possible mechanisms of action of probenecid in global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Twenty minutes of transient global cerebral I/R injury was induced using the four-vessel occlusion (4-VO) method in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Different doses of probenecid were administered intravenously, intraperitoneally, or by gavage before or after reperfusion. Probenecid via all three routes protected against CA1 neuronal death when given before reperfusion. This protective effect continued when probenecid was given at 2h after reperfusion, but not at 6h. Interestingly, the protective effect regained if probenecid was given continuously for 7days after reperfusion. The release of cathepsin B and overexpression of calpain-1 after reperfusion were inhibited, while the upregulation of Hsp70 was strengthened by probenecid pre-treatment. Furthermore, the activation and proliferation of microglia and astrocytes after I/R injury were suppressed by continuous given for 7days, but only partly by a single dose at 6h of reperfusion. Thus, our data indicate that probenecid protects against transient global cerebral I/R injury probably by inhibiting calpain-cathepsin pathway and the inflammatory reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Wei
- The Brain Medical Center and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Y Xu
- The Brain Medical Center and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - B Yin
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - F He
- The Brain Medical Center and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Y Du
- The Brain Medical Center and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - G Peng
- The Brain Medical Center and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - B Luo
- The Brain Medical Center and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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Lu C, Liu M, Fu H, Zhang W, Peng G, Zhang Y, Cao H, Luo L. Novel thermosensitive in situ gel based on poloxamer for uterus delivery. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 77:24-8. [PMID: 25981887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Side effects and drug residues are major concerns affecting hormone therapy of bovine reproductive diseases. Fertility-promoting intrauterine infusion liquid (FPL), an effective alternative to hormone therapy, is associated with short retention time and low therapeutic efficacy. To address these problems, we developed a thermosensitive in situ gel based on poloxamer 407 for local uterine administration. To achieve the desired gelling temperature and enhance local retention property, we added poloxamer 188 and HPMC to the formulation containing poloxamer 407 and FPL. After screening was performed, the optimized formulation showed good temperature sensitivity in vitro and in vivo. Gelation temperature was approximately 27°C. In vitro release tests showed that icariin (the major active compound in FPL) was slow released from in situ forming gel. After the gel was locally administered, uterine and ovarian indexes were significantly increased in the gel group compared with the control group (P<0.05). The serum estradiol level of the gel group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01). Histological evaluation did not show mucosa irritation in the gel group. Therefore, the proposed in situ forming gel system based on poloxamer 407 is a promising local drug delivery system to treat bovine uterine diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaocheng Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agriculture University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Mengjiao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agriculture University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Hualin Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agriculture University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agriculture University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agriculture University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Hang Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agriculture University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agriculture University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
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Bagnoud-Velásquez M, Schmid-Staiger U, Peng G, Vogel F, Ludwig C. First developments towards closing the nutrient cycle in a biofuel production process. ALGAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2014.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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MacArthur RD, Chen L, Peng G, Novak RM, van den Berg-Wolf M, Kozal M, Besch L, Yurik T, Schmetter B, Henley C, Dehlinger M. Efficacy and Safety of Abacavir Plus Lamivudine Versus Didanosine Plus Stavudine When Combined with a Protease Inhibitor, a Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor, or Both in HIV-1 Positive Antiretroviral-Naive Persons. HIV Clinical Trials 2015; 5:361-70. [PMID: 15682349 DOI: 10.1310/weqg-qthl-dl3x-ftxc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The combination of abacavir + lamivudine (ABC+3TC) versus didanosine + stavudine (ddI+d4T), each combined with other classes of antiretrovirals (ARVs) in ARV-naive patients, was compared for the combined endpoint of time to plasma HIV RNA >50 copies/mL (at or after the 8-month visit) or death (primary endpoint) in a nested substudy of an ongoing multicenter randomized trial. METHOD The substudy enrolled 182 patients; mean HIV RNA and CD4+ cell counts at baseline were 5.1 log10 copies/mL and 212 cells/mm3, respectively. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 28 months, rates of primary endpoint were 57.2 and 67.8 per 100 person-years for the ABC+3TC and ddI+d4T groups (hazard ratio [HR]=0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.58-1.14, p=.23). CONCLUSION There was a trend for treatments containing ABC+3TC to be better than treatments containing ddI+d4T with respect to HIV RNA decreases, CD4+ cell count increases, and tolerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D MacArthur
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA.
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Liu X, Zhou X, Zhong Z, Zuo Z, Shi J, Wang Y, Qing B, Peng G. Occurrence of novel and rare subtype families of Cryptosporidium in bamboo rats (Rhizomys sinensis) in China. Vet Parasitol 2014; 207:144-8. [PMID: 25499825 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This report is the first to describe Cryptosporidium infection in bamboo rats (Rhizomys sinensis). Ninety-two fresh fecal specimens were collected from a pet market in Ya'an City, China. One Cryptosporidium isolate from an asymptomatic host and two isolates from separate hosts with diarrhea were obtained by using Sheather's sucrose flotation technique and modified acid-fast staining. The Cryptosporidium spp. were genotyped by nested PCR and nucleotide sequencing of the small subunit rRNA (SSU rRNA), 70-kDa heat shock protein (HSP70), oocyst wall protein (COWP), and actin genes: isolates were identified as Cryptosporidium parvum with minor nucleotide differences at all four loci. Further subtyping was performed by PCR amplification and DNA sequence analysis of the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene: two subtype families were detected, including a novel C. parvum subtype IIpA9 and a rare subtype IIoA13G1 (only reported in diarrheal patients of Sweden). Our results suggest that the bamboo rat is a reservoir host of C. parvum. Significantly, we discovered that the rare C. parvum subtype family IIo is also a zoonotic subtype and confirmed C. parvum subtype IIpA9 as a novel subtype family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya(')an 625014, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya(')an 625014, PR China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya(')an 625014, PR China
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya(')an 625014, PR China
| | - Jinjiang Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya(')an 625014, PR China
| | - Yingzhu Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya(')an 625014, PR China
| | - Baichun Qing
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya(')an 625014, PR China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya(')an 625014, PR China.
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139
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Ai S, Zhong Z, Peng G, Wang C, Luo Y, He T, Gu W, Li C, Li G, Wu H, Liu X, Xia Y, Liu Y, Zhou X. [Intestinal fungal diversity of sub-adult giant panda]. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 2014; 54:1344-1352. [PMID: 25752141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The fungi diversity in the guts of five sub-adult giant pandas was analyzed. METHOD We analyzed the fungal internal transcribed spacer sequences (ITS) using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). ITS regions were amplified with fungal universal primers to construct ITS clone libraries. The fingerprints were analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism using the Hha I and Hae III enzymes. The cloned PCR products were analyzed by sequencing and diversities were demonstrated by phylogenetic tree. RESULTS The gut fungi of 5 sub-adult giant pandas were mainly composed of Ascomycota (average of 46.24%), Basidiomycota ( average of 15.79%), unclassified (average of 29.14%), uncultured fungus (average of 8.83% ). Ascomycota was mainly composed of Saccharomycetes (average of 63.74%) and Dothideomycetes ( average of 35.91%); Basidiomycota was mainly composed of Tremellomycetes (average of 65.80%) and Microbotryomycetes (average of 33.15%). Four classes were mainly composed of Candida and Debaryomyces; Pleosporales and Myriangium; Cystofilobasidium and Trichosporon; Leucosporidium, and Leucosporidiella, whereas the proportions were different for each sample. CONCLUSION Fungal flora existing in the intestines of sub-adult giant pandas expand our knowledge on the structure of the giant panda gut microbes and also help us to further study whether fungal flora can help giant pandas digest high-fiber foods.
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140
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Chen Y, Hsieh F, Hsieh Y, Jeng J, Lien L, Lin H, Hu C, Peng G, Chern C, Chen C, Tang S, Chi N, Sung Y, Chiou H. Significant association between genetic polymorphisms of gckr and glut1, and ischemic stroke. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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141
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Zhang W, Liu N, Wang X, Jin X, Du H, Peng G, Xue J. Benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide induced p53-independent necrosis via the mitochondria-associated pathway involving Bax and Bak activation. Hum Exp Toxicol 2014; 34:179-90. [PMID: 24837741 DOI: 10.1177/0960327114533358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE) is a highly reactive DNA damage agent and can induce cell death through both p53-independent and -dependent pathways. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of p53-independent pathways in BPDE-induced cell death. To understand the p53-independent mechanisms, we have now examined BPDE-induced cytotoxicity in p53-deficient baby mouse kidney (BMK) cells. The results showed that BPDE could induce Bax and Bak activation, cytochrome c release, caspases activation, and necrotic cell death in the BMK cells. Bax and Bak, two key molecules of mitochondrial permeability transition pore, were interdependently activated by BPDE, with Bax and Bak translocation to and Bax/Bak homo-oligomerization in mitochondria, release of cytochrome c was induced. Importantly, cytochrome c release and necrotic cell death were diminished in BMK cells (Bax−/−), BMK cells (Bak−/−), and BMK cells (Bax−/−/Bak−/−). Furthermore, overexpression of Bcl-2 could ameliorate BPDE-induced cytochrome c release and necrosis. Together the findings suggested that BPDE-induced necrosis was modulated by the p53-independent pathway, which was related to the translocation of Bax and Bak to mitochondria, release of cytochrome c, and activation of caspases.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - N Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Hainan Provincial People Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - X Jin
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - H Du
- Department of General Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - G Peng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - J Xue
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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142
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Liu X, Zhou X, Zhong Z, Deng J, Chen W, Cao S, Fu H, Zuo Z, Hu Y, Peng G. Multilocus genotype and subtype analysis of Cryptosporidium andersoni derived from a Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) in China. Parasitol Res 2014; 113:2129-36. [PMID: 24676462 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-014-3863-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fecal specimens from two Bactrian camels were collected in the Ya'an city zoo of China and were examined for Cryptosporidium by centrifugal flotation. One specimen was found to be parasitized by Cryptosporidium via microscopy, and the oocysts were measured to have an average size of 7.03 × 5.50 μm (n > 50). The isolate was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and DNA sequence analysis of the partial 18S rRNA, COWP, and A135 genes, and was confirmed to be Cryptosporidium andersoni with minor nucleotide differences. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis indicated that the subtype of the camel-derived C. andersoni isolate was A4, A4, A4, and A1 at the four minisatellite loci (MS1, MS2, MS3, and MS16, respectively). Therefore, this isolate belongs to the most common MLST subtype reported in cattle in China and is distinct from two other known camel C. andersoni MLST subtypes (A6, A4, A2, A1 and A6, A5, A2, A1). Animal transmission experiments demonstrated that the C. andersoni isolate was not infectious to immunosuppressed or immunocompetent Kun-ming mice, Sprague-Dawley rats, and hamsters but was biologically similar to most bovine C. andersoni isolates characterized so far. Therefore, transmission of this camel-derived C. andersoni isolate is very likely to occur between camels and bovine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Province, 625014, China
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143
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Liu X, Zhou X, Zhong Z, Chen W, Deng J, Niu L, Wang Q, Peng G. New subtype of Cryptosporidium cuniculus isolated from rabbits by sequencing the Gp60 gene. J Parasitol 2014; 100:532-6. [PMID: 24628387 DOI: 10.1645/13-223.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the paucity of literature available on rabbits infected with Cryptosporidium in Sichuan Province (China), 290 fecal samples were collected from rabbits in the animal house of Sichuan Agricultural University, China and examined for Cryptosporidium oocysts using the Sheather's sucrose flotation technique and a modified acid-fast staining method. Three samples tested positive (prevalence = 1.03%). The positive isolates were genotyped by sequence analysis of the 18S rRNA, HSP70, COWP, and Cp135 genes and characterized by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the 18S rRNA gene. Phylogenetic analysis was established using the neighbor-joining (NJ) method. All the isolates were identified as Cryptosporidium cuniculus. Further subtyping of the positive isolates was performed by DNA sequencing of the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene. Only 1 subtype family was detected, Va, which was proposed to be a new subtype, VaA31. This study is the first report about the prevalence, genetic identification, and Cp135 gene of C. cuniculus in rabbits in Sichuan Province, China. The obtained results indicate that the C. cuniculus subtype in rabbits in Sichuan Province is unique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
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144
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Peng G, Steib M, Gramm F, Ludwig C, Vogel F. Synthesis factors affecting the catalytic performance and stability of Ru/C catalysts for supercritical water gasification. Catal Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cy00586d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Improvement of the catalytic performance of Ru/C catalysts by selecting acetone as a solvent during the catalyst preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Peng
- General Energy Research Department
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI)
- , Switzerland
| | - M. Steib
- General Energy Research Department
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI)
- , Switzerland
| | - F. Gramm
- ScopeM
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETHZ)
- 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - C. Ludwig
- General Energy Research Department
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI)
- , Switzerland
- ENAC-IIE
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
| | - F. Vogel
- General Energy Research Department
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI)
- , Switzerland
- FHNW
- University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland
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145
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Peng G, Lahlali R, Hynes R, Gossen B, Falk F, Yu F, Boyetchko S, McGregor L, Pageau D, Anderson K, Hwang S, Strelkov S, McDonald M, Turkington T. ASSESSMENT OF CROP ROTATION, CULTIVAR RESISTANCE AND BACILLUS SUBTILIS BIOFUNGICIDE FOR CONTROL OF CLUBROOT ON CANOLA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2013.1005.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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146
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Cui M, Wang T, Xu J, Ke Y, Du X, Yuan X, Wang Z, Gong C, Zhuang Y, Lei S, Su X, Wang X, Huang L, Zhong Z, Peng G, Yuan J, Chen Z, Wang Y. Impact of Hfq on global gene expression and intracellular survival in Brucella melitensis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71933. [PMID: 23977181 PMCID: PMC3747064 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucella melitensis is a facultative intracellular bacterium that replicates within macrophages. The ability of brucellae to survive and multiply in the hostile environment of host macrophages is essential to its virulence. The RNA-binding protein Hfq is a global regulator that is involved in stress resistance and pathogenicity. Here we demonstrate that Hfq is essential for stress adaptation and intracellular survival in B. melitensis. A B. melitensis hfq deletion mutant exhibits reduced survival under environmental stresses and is attenuated in cultured macrophages and mice. Microarray-based transcriptome analyses revealed that 359 genes involved in numerous cellular processes were dysregulated in the hfq mutant. From these same samples the proteins were also prepared for proteomic analysis to directly identify Hfq-regulated proteins. Fifty-five proteins with significantly affected expression were identified in the hfq mutant. Our results demonstrate that Hfq regulates many genes and/or proteins involved in metabolism, virulence, and stress responses, including those potentially involved in the adaptation of Brucella to the oxidative, acid, heat stress, and antibacterial peptides encountered within the host. The dysregulation of such genes and/or proteins could contribute to the attenuated hfq mutant phenotype. These findings highlight the involvement of Hfq as a key regulator of Brucella gene expression and facilitate our understanding of the role of Hfq in environmental stress adaptation and intracellular survival of B. melitensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingquan Cui
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China
| | - Tongkun Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehua Ke
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinying Du
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xitong Yuan
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhoujia Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunli Gong
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yubin Zhuang
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China
| | - Shuangshuang Lei
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China
| | - Xiao Su
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuesong Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liuyu Huang
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zeliang Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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147
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Liu X, He T, Zhong Z, Zhang H, Wang R, Dong H, Wang C, Li D, Deng J, Peng G, Zhang L. A new genotype of Cryptosporidium from giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in China. Parasitol Int 2013; 62:454-8. [PMID: 23810821 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Fifty-seven fecal samples were collected from giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in the China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda (CCRCGP) in Sichuan and examined for Cryptosporidium oocysts by Sheather's sugar flotation technique. An 18-year-old male giant panda was Cryptosporidium positive, with oocysts of an average size of 4.60×3.99 μm (n=50). The isolate was genetically analyzed using the partial 18S rRNA, 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70), Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein (COWP) and actin genes. Multi-locus genetic characterization indicated that the present isolate was different from known Cryptosporidium species and genotypes. The closest relative was the Cryptosporidium bear genotype, with 11, 10, and 6 nucleotide differences in the 18S rRNA, HSP70, and actin genes, respectively. Significant differences were also observed in the COWP gene compared to Cryptosporidium mongoose genotype. The homology to the bear genotype at the 18S rRNA locus was 98.6%, which is comparable to that between Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium hominis (99.2%), or between Cryptosporidium muris and Cryptosporidium andersoni (99.4%). Therefore, the Cryptosporidium in giant pandas in this study is considered as a new genotype: the Cryptosporidium giant panda genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, PR China
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148
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Lahlali R, Peng G, Gossen BD, McGregor L, Yu FQ, Hynes RK, Hwang SF, McDonald MR, Boyetchko SM. Evidence that the biofungicide Serenade (Bacillus subtilis) suppresses clubroot on canola via antibiosis and induced host resistance. Phytopathology 2013; 103:245-254. [PMID: 23113546 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-06-12-0123-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated how the timing of application of the biofungicide Serenade (Bacillus subtilis QST713) or it components (product filtrate and bacterial cell suspension) influenced infection of canola by Plasmodiophora brassicae under controlled conditions. The biofungicide and its components were applied as a soil drench at 5% concentration (vol/vol or equivalent CFU) to a planting mix infested with P. brassicae at seeding or at transplanting 7 or 14 days after seeding (DAS) to target primary and secondary zoospores of P. brassicae. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to assess root colonization by B. subtilis as well as P. brassicae. The biofungicide was consistently more effective than the individual components in reducing infection by P. brassicae. Two applications were more effective than one, with the biofungicide suppressing infection completely and the individual components reducing clubroot severity by 62 to 83%. The biofungicide also reduced genomic DNA of P. brassicae in canola roots by 26 to 99% at 7 and 14 DAS, and the qPCR results were strongly correlated with root hair infection (%) assessed at the same time (r = 0.84 to 0.95). qPCR was also used to quantify the transcript activity of nine host-defense-related genes in inoculated plants treated with Serenade at 14 DAS for potential induced resistance. Genes encoding the jasmonic acid (BnOPR2), ethylene (BnACO), and phenylpropanoid (BnOPCL and BnCCR) pathways were upregulated by 2.2- to 23-fold in plants treated with the biofungicide relative to control plants. This induced defense response was translocated to the foliage (determined based on the inhibition of infection by Leptosphaeria maculans). It is possible that antibiosis and induced resistance are involved in clubroot suppression by Serenade. Activity against the infection from both primary and secondary zoospores of P. brassicae may be required for maximum efficacy against clubroot.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lahlali
- Saskatoon Research Centre, Saskatchewan, Canada
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149
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Zhong Z, Yu S, Wang X, Dong S, Xu J, Wang Y, Chen Z, Ren Z, Peng G. Human brucellosis in the People's Republic of China during 2005-2010. Int J Infect Dis 2013; 17:e289-92. [PMID: 23462301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a worldwide re-emerging zoonotic disease. It remains a serious public health problem in many developing countries including China. This review summarizes the epidemiological characteristics, morbidity, and endemic distributions of human brucellosis in the People's Republic of China for the period 2005-2010. From 2005 to 2010, the incidence of human brucellosis rose substantially in China, especially in the provinces of Inner Mongolia, Shanxi3, Heilongjiang, Hebei, Jilin, and Shanxi1. Meanwhile human brucellosis increased gradually in some southern provinces, such as Henan, Guangdong, and Fujian. Due to the rapid expansion of human brucellosis in China, surveillance and prevention of this disease has been greatly challenged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, P. R. China
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150
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Li X, Xu J, Xie Y, Qiu Y, Fu S, Yuan X, Ke Y, Yu S, Du X, Cui M, Chen Y, Wang T, Wang Z, Yu Y, Huang K, Huang L, Peng G, Chen Z, Wang Y. Vaccination with recombinant flagellar proteins FlgJ and FliN induce protection against Brucella abortus 544 infection in BALB/c mice. Vet Microbiol 2012; 161:137-44. [PMID: 22854331 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Brucella has been considered as a non-motile, facultative intracellular pathogenic bacterium. However, the genome sequences of different Brucella species reveal the presence of the flagellar genes needed for the construction of a functional flagellum. Due to its roles in the interaction between pathogen and host, we hypothesized that some of the flagellar proteins might induce protective immune responses and these proteins will be good subunit vaccine candidates. This study was conducted to screening of protective antigens among these flagellar proteins. Firstly, according to the putative functional roles, a total of 30 flagellar genes of Brucella abortus were selected for in vitro expression. 15 of these flagellar genes were successfully expressed as his-tagged recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli ER2566. Then, these proteins were purified and used to analyze their T cell immunity induction activity by an in vitro gamma interferon (IFN-γ) assay. Five of the flagellar proteins could stimulate significantly higher levels of IFN-γ secretion in splenocytes from S19 immunized mice, indicating their T cell induction activity. Finally, immunogenicity and protection activity of these 5 flagellar proteins were evaluated in BALB/c mice. Results showed that immunization with FlgJ (BAB1_0260) or FliN (BAB2_0122) plus adjuvant could provide protection against B. abortus 544 infection. Furthermore, mice immunized with FlgJ and FliN developed a vigorous immunoglobulin G response, and in vitro stimulation of their splenocytes with immunizing proteins induced the secretion of IFN-γ. Altogether, these data suggest that flagellar proteins FlgJ and FliN are protective antigens that could produce humoral and cell-mediated responses in mice and candidates for use in future studies of vaccination against brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbo Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
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