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He CL, Cheng N, Rong YM, Li HY, Li JS, Ding J, Hu XB, Pu HQ, Ren XW, Bai YN. [Risk factors of gout in Jinchang cohort: a Cox regression analysis]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2019; 38:897-901. [PMID: 28738462 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the incidence and risk factors of gout in Jinchang cohort and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of gout. Methods: People without gout detected by baseline survey in Jinchang cohort were selected as study subjects. All the subjects were followed up through questionnaire interview, physical examination as well as laboratory test from January 24, 2013 to November 24, 2015. Cox regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for gout in Jinchang cohort. In addition, log-linear model was used to analyze the interaction between risk factors. Results: A total of 33 153 subjects were followed up, and there were 277 newly diagnosed gout cases in the cohort. The overall incidence of gout was 0.8%. The incidence of gout in males was higher than that in the females, but the incidence of gout in males and females was similar after the age of 60 years. Cox regression analysis showed that age >40 years (at age 40 to 59 years: HR=2.982, 95%CI: 1.503-5.981; at age 60 to 91 years: HR=2.588, 95%CI: 1.107-6.049), alcohol abuse (HR=2.234, 95% CI: 1.128-4.427), obesity (HR=2.204, 95% CI: 1.216-3.997), diabetes (HR=2.725, 95% CI: 1.500-4.950) and high uric acid (HR=5.963, 95%CI: 3.577-9.943) were risk factors for gout, while weekly beans intake ≥0.25 kg (HR=0.528, 95%CI: 0.345-0.808) and regular physical exercise (HR=0.499, 95% CI: 0.286-0.869) were protective factors for gout. The analysis with log-linear model showed that there were two order effects between the risk factors. Conclusions: Age, beans intake, alcohol abuse, physical exercises, obesity, diabetes and high uric acid were important factors influencing the incidence of gout. It is important to have healthy lifestyle and dietary habits, receive regular health examination to prevent and control the incidence of gout in this cohort.
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Kraus R, Barsky A, Ji L, Santos P, Cheng N, Vapiwalla N, Groshen S, Jennelle R, Ballas L. The Perineural Invasion Paradox: Is Perineural Invasion an Independent Prognostic Indicator of Biochemical Recurrence Risk in Patients with pT2N0 Prostate Cancer? A Multi-Institutional Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ma YB, Cheng N, Lu YB, Li HY, Li JS, Ding J, Zheng S, Niu YL, Pu HQ, Shen XP, Mu HD, Hu XB, Zhang DS, Bai YN. [Association between fatty liver and type 2 diabetes in the baseline population of Jinchang Cohort]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2018; 39:760-764. [PMID: 29936743 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the association between fatty liver and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the baseline-population of Jinchang cohort study. Methods: Data from all the participants involved in the baseline-population of Jinchang cohort study was used, to compare the risks of T2DM in fatty liver and non fatty liver groups and to explore the interaction between family history or fatty liver of diabetes and the prevalence of T2DM. Results: Among all the 46 861 participants, 10 574 were diagnosed as having fatty liver (22.56%), with the standardized rate as 20.66%. Another 3 818 participants were diagnosed as having T2DM (8.15%) with standardized rate as 6.90%. The prevalence of T2DM increased in parallel with the increase of age (trend χ(2)=2 833.671, trend P<0.001). The prevalence of T2DM in the fatty liver group was significantly higher than that in the non-fatty liver group, both in men or women and in the overall population. Compared with the group of non-fatty liver, the risks of T2DM in fatty liver group were seen 1.78 times higher in males, 2.33 times in women and 2.10 times in the overall population, after adjustment for factors as age, levels of education, smoking, drinking, physical exercise, BMI, family history of diabetes and some metabolic indicators (pressure, TC, TG, uric acid, ALT, AST, gamma-glutamyl transferase). Date from the interaction model showed that fatty liver and family history of diabetes present a positive additive interaction on T2DM (RERI=1.18, 95%CI: 0.59-1.78; AP=0.24, 95%CI: 0.14-0.34; S=1.43, 95%CI: 1.21-1.69). Conclusions: Fatty liver could significantly increase the risk of T2DM and a positive additive interaction was also observed between fatty liver and family history of diabetes on T2DM. It was important to strengthen the prevention program on T2DM, in order to effectively control the development of fatty liver.
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Koh TH, Cheng N, Yap HK, Yeow CH. Design of a Soft Robotic Elbow Sleeve with Passive and Intent-Controlled Actuation. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:597. [PMID: 29118693 PMCID: PMC5660967 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The provision of continuous passive, and intent-based assisted movements for neuromuscular training can be incorporated into a robotic elbow sleeve. The objective of this study is to propose the design and test the functionality of a soft robotic elbow sleeve in assisting flexion and extension of the elbow, both passively and using intent-based motion reinforcement. First, the elbow sleeve was developed, using elastomeric and fabric-based pneumatic actuators, which are soft and lightweight, in order to address issues of non-portability and poor alignment with joints that conventional robotic rehabilitation devices are faced with. Second, the control system was developed to allow for: (i) continuous passive actuation, in which the actuators will be activated in cycles, alternating between flexion and extension; and (ii) an intent-based actuation, in which user intent is detected by surface electromyography (sEMG) sensors attached to the biceps and triceps, and passed through a logic sequence to allow for flexion or extension of the elbow. Using this setup, the elbow sleeve was tested on six healthy subjects to assess the functionality of the device, in terms of the range of motion afforded by the device while in the continuous passive actuation. The results showed that the elbow sleeve is capable of achieving approximately 50% of the full range of motion of the elbow joint among all subjects. Next, further experiments were conducted to test the efficacy of the intent-based actuation on these healthy subjects. The results showed that all subjects were capable of achieving electromyography (EMG) control of the elbow sleeve. These preliminary results show that the elbow sleeve is capable of carrying out continuous passive and intent-based assisted movements. Further investigation of the clinical implementation of the elbow sleeve for the neuromuscular training of neurologically-impaired persons, such as stroke survivors, is needed.
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Wang X, Cheng N, Dang A. P1384Long-term outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stent implantation in takayasu arteritis patients with coronary artery involvement. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.p1384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Dalziel SR, Furyk J, Bonisch M, Oakley E, Borland M, Neutze J, Donath S, Sharpe C, Harvey S, Davidson A, Craig S, Phillips N, George S, Rao A, Cheng N, Zhang M, Sinn K, Kochar A, Brabyn C, Babl FE. A multicentre randomised controlled trial of levetiracetam versus phenytoin for convulsive status epilepticus in children (protocol): Convulsive Status Epilepticus Paediatric Trial (ConSEPT) - a PREDICT study. BMC Pediatr 2017. [PMID: 28641582 PMCID: PMC5480418 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-017-0887-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) is the most common life-threatening childhood neurological emergency. Despite this, there is a lack of high quality evidence supporting medication use after first line benzodiazepines, with current treatment protocols based solely on non-experimental evidence and expert opinion. The current standard of care, phenytoin, is only 60% effective, and associated with considerable adverse effects. A newer anti-convulsant, levetiracetam, can be given faster, is potentially more efficacious, with a more tolerable side effect profile. The primary aim of the study presented in this protocol is to determine whether intravenous (IV) levetiracetam or IV phenytoin is the better second line treatment for the emergency management of CSE in children. Methods/Design 200 children aged between 3 months and 16 years presenting to 13 emergency departments in Australia and New Zealand with CSE, that has failed to stop with first line benzodiazepines, will be enrolled into this multicentre open randomised controlled trial. Participants will be randomised to 40 mg/kg IV levetiracetam infusion over 5 min or 20 mg/kg IV phenytoin infusion over 20 min. The primary outcome for the study is clinical cessation of seizure activity five minutes following the completion of the infusion of the study medication. Blinded confirmation of the primary outcome will occur with the primary outcome assessment being video recorded and assessed by a primary outcome assessment team blinded to treatment allocation. Secondary outcomes include: Clinical cessation of seizure activity at two hours; Time to clinical seizure cessation; Need for rapid sequence induction; Intensive care unit (ICU) admission; Serious adverse events; Length of Hospital/ICU stay; Health care costs; Seizure status/death at one-month post discharge. Discussion This paper presents the background, rationale, and design for a randomised controlled trial comparing levetiracetam to phenytoin in children presenting with CSE in whom benzodiazepines have failed. This study will provide the first high quality evidence for management of paediatric CSE post first-line benzodiazepines. Trial registration Prospectively registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ANZCTR): ACTRN12615000129583 (11/2/2015). UTN U1111–1144-5272. ConSEPT protocol version 4 (12/12/2014).
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Pillai AA, Maheshwari R, Vora R, Norvell JP, Ford R, Parekh S, Cheng N, Patel A, Young N, Spivey JR, Mgbemena O, Wedd JP. Treatment of HCV infection in liver transplant recipients with ledipasvir and sofosbuvir without ribavirin. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2017; 45:1427-1432. [PMID: 28382751 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir is a well-tolerated regimen with high sustained virological response (SVR) rates in pre-liver transplant patients infected with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV), but data in liver transplant recipients outside of clinical trials is limited. AIM To address this knowledge gap and assess SVR rates without the use of ribavirin in liver transplant recipients METHODS: This is a retrospective study examining the treatment of 75 post-liver transplant recipients with ledipasvir and sofosbuvir without ribavirin. Differences between SVR cohorts and predictors of SVR were analysed in an intention-to-treat (ITT) fashion. RESULTS A total of 408 genotype 1, HCV patients were treated with ledipasvir/sofosbuvir from October 2014 to August 2015 at our centre. Seventy-three patients were post-liver transplant and were treated with a median of 2.9 years from transplant. Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir achieved an SVR12 of 95.9%. African Americans made up 28.8% of the cohort. Sixty-three per cent of patients were treated previously, including 13.7% of patients previously treated with direct-acting antivirals. Only 2.7% had recurrent allograft cirrhosis, and the majority (90.4%) was on calcineurin inhibitor based immunosuppressive therapy. Approximately 82% of patients had chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 2 or 3. In univariate logistic regression, only detectable week 8 viral load was predictive of failure to achieve SVR. CONCLUSION Our data confirm excellent SVR outcomes and favourable safety and tolerability profiles with ledipasvir/sofosbuvir without ribavirin in post-liver transplant recipients infected with HCV, despite treatment guidelines to use ribavirin.
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Ge SF, Cheng N, Yu YQ, Xiang TX, Li XP, Yang LX, Zhang LL, Li M. [Changes in the expression of high-mobility group box 1 and hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α during the formation of liver fibrosis and their correlation with liver fibrosis score: an experimental study]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2017; 25:386-388. [PMID: 28763849 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Yang A, Cheng N, Pu H, Liu S, Dai M, Zheng T, Bai Y. Occupational metal exposures, smoking and risk of diabetes and prediabetes. Occup Med (Lond) 2017; 67:217-223. [PMID: 27418044 PMCID: PMC5927150 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqw078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metal exposure and tobacco smoking have been independently associated with diabetes, but no study has been conducted to investigate the interaction between them on the risk of diabetes. AIMS To investigate the effect of occupational exposure to metals, and potential effect modification by smoking, on the risk of diabetes and prediabetes in a cohort of Chinese male workers. METHODS We assessed metal exposure and tobacco smoking at baseline in the Jinchang Cohort of male workers. We used Poisson regression analyses to estimate the interaction between smoking and metal exposures based on occupations, which we grouped according to the measured urinary metal levels. RESULTS Among the 26008 study subjects, compared with non-smokers, the adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) for diabetes was 1.8 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3-2.4] for smokers of >40 pack-years. The adjusted PRs were 1.2 (95% CI 1.1-1.4) among mining/production workers and 2.7 (95% CI 2.4-3.0) among smelting/refining workers, both compared with office workers. There was significant effect modification under the additive model between smoking and metal exposure on the prevalence of diabetes (Pinteraction = 0.001), with an adjusted PR of 3.6 (95% CI 2.4-5.4) for those with >40 pack-years of smoking who had the highest metal exposures, whereas no significant interaction was observed for prediabetes. CONCLUSIONS Both exposure to metals and heavy smoking were associated with an increased prevalence of diabetes in this large cohort of male workers. There was also strong interaction between these two exposures in affecting diabetes risk that should be confirmed in future studies.
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Babl FE, Gardiner KK, Kochar A, Wilson CL, George SA, Zhang M, Furyk J, Thosar D, Cheek JA, Krieser D, Rao AS, Borland ML, Cheng N, Phillips NT, Sinn KK, Neutze JM, Dalziel SR. Bell's palsy in children: Current treatment patterns in Australia and New Zealand. A PREDICT study. J Paediatr Child Health 2017; 53:339-342. [PMID: 28177168 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.13463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aetiology and clinical course of Bell's palsy may be different in paediatric and adult patients. There is no randomised placebo controlled trial (RCT) to show effectiveness of prednisolone for Bell's palsy in children. The aim of the study was to assess current practice in paediatric Bell's palsy in Australia and New Zealand Emergency Departments (ED) and determine the feasibility of conducting a multicentre RCT within the Paediatric Research in Emergency Departments International Collaborative (PREDICT). METHODS A retrospective analysis of ED medical records of children less than 18 years diagnosed with Bell's palsy between 1 January, 2012 and 31 December, 2013 was performed. Potential participants were identified from ED information systems using Bell's palsy related search terms. Repeat presentations during the same illness were excluded but relapses were not. Data on presentation, diagnosis and management were entered into an online data base (REDCap). RESULTS Three hundred and twenty-three presentations were included from 14 PREDICT sites. Mean age at presentation was 9.0 (SD 5.0) years with 184 (57.0%) females. Most (238, 73.7%) presented to ED within 72 h of symptoms, 168 (52.0%) had seen a doctor prior. In ED, 218 (67.5%) were treated with steroids. Prednisolone was usually prescribed for 9 days at around 1 mg/kg/day, with tapering in 35.7%. CONCLUSION Treatment of Bell's palsy in children presenting to Australasian EDs is varied. Prednisolone is commonly used in Australasian EDs, despite lack of high-level paediatric evidence. The study findings confirm the feasibility of an RCT of prednisolone for Bell's palsy in children.
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Guo S, Cheng N, Ge SF, Yuan SS, Wu XP, Xiang TX, Zhou GL. [Role and clinical significance of Th17/Treg balance in patients with severe exacerbation of hepatitis B]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2017; 24:341-6. [PMID: 27470886 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of Th17/Treg balance in immune mechanism in severe exacerbation of hepatitis B. METHODS The clinical data of 41 patients with chronic hepatitis B were collected, and according to the conditions during hospitalization, these patients were divided into exacerbation group (19 patients) and improvement group (22 patients). On admission, at weeks 1 and 2 of treatment, and at the end of treatment, flow cytometry was used to measure the frequencies of Th17 and Treg cells in peripheral blood, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the serum levels of interleukin-17 (IL-17), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). The dynamic changes in the frequencies of Th17 and Treg cells were compared between the two groups, and the correlation between clinical indices for hepatitis and cytokines was analyzed. The t-test was used for comparison between groups, a one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison within one group across different time points, and Pearson correlation analysis was performed. RESULTS With disease progression, the exacerbation group showed an increase in the frequency of Th17 cells and a relatively low frequency of Treg cells; compared with the improvement group, the exacerbation group had a higher frequency of Th17 cells and a lower frequency of Treg cells. Th17/Treg ratio gradually increased with exacerbation and decreased with improvement in conditions; in the exacerbation group and the improvement group, Th17/Treg ratio was positively correlated with total bilirubin and negatively correlated with prothrombin activity. In the exacerbation group and the improvement group, Th17 cells were positively correlated with IL-17, and Treg cells were positively correlated with IL-10 and TGF-β. CONCLUSION Th17 and Treg cells play important roles in severe exacerbation of hepatitis B, and Th17/Treg ratio may be used as an immunobiological marker for the judgment of severity during severe exacerbation of hepatitis B.
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Cheng N, Wang H, Wu W, Yang R, Liu L, Han Y, Guo L, Hu J, Xu L, Zhao J, Han Y, Liu Q, Li K, Wang X, Chen W. Spectrum of ATP7B mutations and genotype-phenotype correlation in large-scale Chinese patients with Wilson Disease. Clin Genet 2017; 92:69-79. [PMID: 27982432 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Wilson disease (WD), an inherited disorder associated with ATP7B gene, has a wide spectrum of genotypes and phenotypes. In this study, we developed a rapid multiplex PCR-MassArray method for detecting 110 mutant alleles of interest, and used it to examine genomic DNA from 1222 patients and 110 healthy controls. In patients not found to have any mutation in the 110 selected alleles, PCR-Sanger sequencing was used to examine the ATP7B gene. We identified 88 mutations, including 9 novel mutations. Our analyses revealed p.Arg778Leu, p.Arg919Gly and p.Thr935Met showed some correlations to phenotype. The p.Arg778Leu was related to younger onset age and lower levels of ceruloplasmin (Cp) and serum copper, while p.Arg919Gly and p.Thr935Met both indicated higher Cp levels. Besides, the p.Arg919Gly was related to neurological subtype, and p.Thr935Met showed significant difference in the percentage of combined neurological and visceral subtype. Moreover, for ATP7B mutations, the more severe impact on ATP7B protein was, the younger onset age and lower Cp level presented. The feasibility of presymptomatic DNA diagnosis and predicting clinical manifestation or severity of WD would be facilitated with identified mutations and genotype-phenotype correlation precisely revealed in the study.
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Labbé C, Leung Y, Silva Lemes JG, Stewart E, Brown C, Cosio AP, Doherty M, O'Kane GM, Patel D, Cheng N, Liang M, Gill G, Rett A, Naik H, Eng L, Mittmann N, Leighl NB, Bradbury PA, Shepherd FA, Xu W, Liu G, Howell D. Real-World EQ5D Health Utility Scores for Patients With Metastatic Lung Cancer by Molecular Alteration and Response to Therapy. Clin Lung Cancer 2016; 18:388-395.e4. [PMID: 28111120 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Economic analyses of upcoming treatments for lung cancer benefit from real-world health utility scores (HUSs) in an era of targeted therapy. METHODS A longitudinal cohort study at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre evaluated 1571 EQ5D-3L-derived HUSs in 475 outpatients with metastatic lung cancer across various disease states. Patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (n = 183) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) (n = 38) driver alterations were enriched through targeted enrolment; patients with wild-type non-small-cell lung cancer (WT NSCLC) (n = 224) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) (n = 30) were sampled randomly. RESULTS For patients stable on most appropriate treatment, the mean HUSs were 0.81 and 0.82 in patients receiving EGFR and ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) respectively (with similar HUSs across agents), which were higher than patients with WT NSCLC (0.78; P = .04) and SCLC receiving chemotherapy (0.72; P = .06). In mutation-specific comparisons, disease stability on appropriate therapy resulted in significantly higher mean HUSs (P < .002-.02) than when disease was progressing (mean HUS: EGFR, 0.70; ALK, 0.69; WT NSCLC, 0.66; SCLC, 0.52). When evaluating treatment-related toxicities, significant inverse relationships were observed between HUS and the severity of fatigue and decreased appetite in the EGFR group. There was also a significant inverse relationship between the total number of clinically significant symptoms and HUS, both in patients who were EGFR-mutated and patients with WT NSCLC. CONCLUSIONS In a North American setting, HUSs generated from patients with metastatic lung cancer are higher in treated, stable patients carrying driver mutations. This is partially explainable by treatment toxicity and patient symptom differences. Such differences in scores should be considered in economic analyses.
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Cheng N, Wang Q, Cai W, Ren S, Li X, Zhao C, Zhou C. 28PD HOTAIR induces EGFR-TKIs resistance in non-small cell lung cancer via epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw574.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
The human body combats infection and promotes wound healing through the remarkable process of inflammation. Inflammation is characterized by the recruitment of stromal cell activity including recruitment of immune cells and induction of angiogenesis. These cellular processes are regulated by a class of soluble molecules called cytokines. Based on function, cell target, and structure, cytokines are subdivided into several classes including: interleukins, chemokines, and lymphokines. While cytokines regulate normal physiological processes, chronic deregulation of cytokine expression and activity contributes to cancer in many ways. Gene polymorphisms of all types of cytokines are associated with risk of disease development. Deregulation RNA and protein expression of interleukins, chemokines, and lymphokines have been detected in many solid tumors and hematopoetic malignancies, correlating with poor patient prognosis. The current body of literature suggests that in some tumor types, interleukins and chemokines work against the human body by signaling to cancer cells and remodeling the local microenvironment to support the growth, survival, and invasion of primary tumors and enhance metastatic colonization. Some lymphokines are downregulated to suppress tumor progression by enhancing cytotoxic T cell activity and inhibiting tumor cell survival. In this review, we will describe the structure/function of several cytokine families and review our current understanding on the roles and mechanisms of cytokines in tumor progression. In addition, we will also discuss strategies for exploiting the expression and activity of cytokines in therapeutic intervention.
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Wang M, Cheng N, Zheng S, Wang D, Hu X, Ren X, Pei H, Ma H, Mu H, Bai Y. Metabolic syndrome and the risk of breast cancer among postmenopausal women in North-West China. Climacteric 2015; 18:852-8. [PMID: 26507498 DOI: 10.3109/13697137.2015.1071346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components are risk factors for breast cancer among postmenopausal women in China. METHODS Based on the baseline data of the Jinchang Cohort, a case-control study was carried out among postmenopausal women, including 43 cases and 86 controls. Both MetS and its components were evaluated. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association were estimated by conditional logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The odds ratio of postmenopausal breast cancer was 3.505 (95% CI 1.282-9.583) for MetS, 3.016 (95% CI 1.044-8.715) for body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m(2), and 3.191 (95% CI 1.253-8.125) for dyslipidemia. There was no significant association between postmenopausal breast cancer and hypertension as well as diabetes. Women with four metabolic factors showed greater risk for postmenopausal breast cancer (p(trend) < 0.05). Dyslipidemia and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2) showed most significant interaction on breast cancer (odds ratio = 11.359; 95% CI 2.663-48.450). With BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2), the interaction of dyslipidemia and other metabolic factors on breast cancer was higher than that without BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2). CONCLUSION This case-control study suggested that MetS was associated with an elevated risk of breast cancer among postmenopausal women in north-west China. Overweight and dyslipidemia had the strongest adverse effects on postmenopausal breast cancer.
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Cheng N, Bao P, Evans SD, Leggett GJ, Armes SP. Facile Formation of Highly Mobile Supported Lipid Bilayers on Surface-Quaternized pH-Responsive Polymer Brushes. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Wang D, Wang M, Cheng N, Zheng T, Hu X, Li H, Chan C, Zhang Y, Ren X, Bai Y. Sulfur dioxide exposure and other factors affecting age at natural menopause in the Jinchuan cohort. Climacteric 2015; 18:722-32. [PMID: 25853925 DOI: 10.3109/13697137.2015.1015514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the associations between occupational exposures and age at natural menopause in the Jinchuan cohort. METHODS The Jinchuan cohort consists of all current or retired workers of the Jinchuan Nonferrous Metals Corporation (JNMC) in Jinchang, Gansu, China. Our final study population consisted of 3167 postmenopausal women. The data used for this study were derived from the epidemiological survey and were self-reported. Age at natural menopause (ANM) was defined as the age at the last period prior to 12 months of amenorrhea in women who experienced natural menopause. ANM was related to five commonly reported occupational exposures using bivariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regressions. RESULTS Blue-collar workers have significantly earlier mean ANM (49.0 years) than white-collar workers (49.5 years). Sulfur dioxide exposure was found to be associated with earlier mean ANM in blue-collar workers. After stratifying both blue-collar workers and white-collar workers further by exposure time for each of the exposures, blue-collar workers exposed to sulfur dioxide for 21-25 years had the earliest mean ANM (47.8 years) of any level of any exposure in this study. CONCLUSION This paper is significant because it is the first report of an association between sulfur dioxide and menopause, and one of few papers to look at the determinants of ANM in an occupational cohort. Blue-collar workers had earlier mean ANM than white-collar workers. Blue-collar workers are more exposed to sulfur dioxide and other occupational exposures than white-collar workers, and blue-collar workers who are more exposed to sulfur dioxide have earlier menopause. Sulfur dioxide may be part of the reason that blue-collar workers experience earlier menopause than white-collar workers.
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Wu J, Hou S, Wang W, Yin M, Cheng N, Ge L, Yin J, Xu J. Hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase expression after gastric bypass surgery in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:16938-47. [DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.14.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Cheng N, Li X, Ren S, Cai W, Zhou C. Long Non-Coding Rna Uca1 Induces Acquired Resistance of Egfr-Tkis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu326.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Dalziel SR, Thompson JM, Macias CG, Fernandes RM, Johnson DW, Waisman Y, Cheng N, Acworth J, Chamberlain JM, Osmond MH, Plint A, Valerio P, Black KJ, Fitzpatrick E, Newton AS, Kuppermann N, Klassen TP. Predictors of severe H1N1 infection in children presenting within Pediatric Emergency Research Networks (PERN): retrospective case-control study. BMJ 2013; 347:f4836. [PMID: 23940290 PMCID: PMC3741086 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.f4836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify historical and clinical findings at emergency department presentation associated with severe H1N1 outcome in children presenting with influenza-like illness. DESIGN Multicentre retrospective case-control study. SETTING 79 emergency departments of hospitals associated with the Pediatric Emergency Research Networks in 12 countries. PARTICIPANTS 265 children (<16 years), presenting between 16 April and 31 December 2009, who fulfilled Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for influenza-like illness and developed severe outcomes from laboratory confirmed H1N1 infection. For each case, two controls presenting with influenza-like illness but without severe outcomes were included: one random control and one age matched control. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Severe outcomes included death or admission to intensive care for assisted ventilation, inotropic support, or both. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to compare cases and controls, with effect sizes measured as adjusted odds ratios. RESULTS 151 (57%) of the 265 cases were male, the median age was 6 (interquartile range 2.3-10.0) years, and 27 (10%) died. Six factors were associated with severe outcomes in children presenting with influenza-like illness: history of chronic lung disease (odds ratio 10.3, 95% confidence interval 1.5 to 69.8), history of cerebral palsy/developmental delay (10.2, 2.0 to 51.4), signs of chest retractions (9.6, 3.2 to 29.0), signs of dehydration (8.8, 1.6 to 49.3), requirement for oxygen (5.8, 2.0 to 16.2), and tachycardia relative to age). CONCLUSION These independent risk factors may alert clinicians to children at risk of severe outcomes when presenting with influenza-like illness during future pandemics.
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Zhang S, Su X, Liu Y, Hao J, Zhang J, Cheng N, Zhou Q. [The relationship between histological classification of lung cancer and protein tyrosine phosphatase]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2013; 4:66-9. [PMID: 21040643 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2001.01.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the relationship between histological classification of lung cancer and protein tyrosine phosphatase. METHODS The expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase in bronchial epithelia from 34 patients with benign pulmonary lesions and 121 patients with primary pulmonary carcinoma was examined by immunohistochemical staining method. RESULTS The positive rate of protein tyrosine phosphatase expression was 95.03%±2.10% in 34 patients with benign pulmonary lesions, 43.59%±14.41% in 121 patients with primary pulmonary carcinoma; 47.57%±16.26% in 46 patients with adenocarcinoma, 40.59%±14.04% in 48 patients with squamous cell carcinoma, 42.13%±9.84% in 27 patients with adenosquamous carcinoma; 31.63%±10.34% in 21 patients with poor differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, 41.39%±9.35% in 18 patients with intermediate differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, 59.90%±8.61% in 9 patients with well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma; 34.14%±12.53% in 16 patients with poor differentiated adenocarcinoma, 52.10%±12.19% in 26 patients with intermediate differentiated adenocarcinoma, and 63.05%±15.84% in 4 patients with well differentiated adenocarcinoma. A significant difference of protein tyrosine phosphatase positive expression was observed between benign pulmonary lesions and primary pulmonary carcinomas, and between poor differentiated primary pulmonary carcinomas and well differentiated primary pulmonary carcinomas (P<0.01 or P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Detection of protein tyrosine phosphatase may be helpful to differentiate pulmonary lesions from lung cancer and be regarded as one of the indices in predicting the prognosis of patients with primary pulmonary carcinomas.
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Lu J, Cheng J, Pan J, Lin S, Qi Z, Sun Y, Yi J, Gao L, Cheng N, Tham I. Multinational Survey on Delivery of Radiation Therapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Poh YC, Corrias A, Cheng N, Buist ML. A quantitative model of human jejunal smooth muscle cell electrophysiology. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42385. [PMID: 22912702 PMCID: PMC3422293 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, a number of ion channel mutations have been identified in the smooth muscle cells of the human jejunum. Although these are potentially significant in understanding diseases that are currently of unknown etiology, no suitable computational cell model exists to evaluate the effects of such mutations. Here, therefore, a biophysically based single cell model of human jejunal smooth muscle electrophysiology is presented. The resulting cellular description is able to reproduce experimentally recorded slow wave activity and produces realistic responses to a number of perturbations, providing a solid platform on which the causes of intestinal myopathies can be investigated.
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