151
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Yousuf S, Khan KM, Salar U, Chigurupati S, Muhammad MT, Wadood A, Aldubayan M, Vijayan V, Riaz M, Perveen S. 2ʹ-Aryl and 4ʹ-arylidene substituted pyrazolones: As potential α-amylase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 159:47-58. [PMID: 30268823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Mohammed Khan K, Salar U, Afzal S, Wadood A, Taha M, Perveen S, Khan H, Lecka J, Sévigny J, Iqbal J. Schiff bases of tryptamine as potent inhibitors of nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases): Structure-activity relationship. Bioorg Chem 2018; 82:253-266. [PMID: 30391856 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of NTPDases leads to a number of pathological situations such as thrombosis, and cancer. Thus, effective inhibitors are required to combat these pathological situations. Different classes of NTPDase inhibitors are reported so far including nucleotides and their derivatives, sulfonated dyes such as reactive blue 2, suramin and its derivatives, and polyoxomatalates (POMs). Suramin is a well-known and potent NTPDase inhibitor, nonetheless, a range of side effects are also associated with it. Reactive blue 2 also had non-specific side effects that become apparent at high concentrations. In addition, most of the NTPDase inhibitors are high molecular weight compounds, always required tedious chemical steps to synthesize. Hence, there is still need to explore novel, low molecular weight, easy to synthesize, and potent NTPDase inhibitors. Keeping in mind the known NTPDase inhibitors with imine functionality and nitrogen heterocycles, Schiff bases of tryptamine, 1-26, were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic techniques such as EI-MS, HREI-MS, 1H-, and 13C NMR. All the synthetic compounds were evaluated for the inhibitory avidity against activities of three major isoforms of NTPDases: NTPDase-1, NTPDase-3, and NTPDase-8. Cumulatively, eighteen compounds were found to show potent inhibition (Ki = 0.0200-0.350 μM) of NTPDase-1, twelve (Ki = 0.071-1.060 μM) of NTPDase-3, and fifteen compounds inhibited (Ki = 0.0700-4.03 μM) NTPDase-8 activity. As a comparison, the Kis of the standard inhibitor suramin were 1.260 ± 0.007, 6.39 ± 0.89 and 1.180 ± 0.002 μM, respectively. Kinetic studies were performed on lead compounds (6, 5, and 21) with human (h-) NTPDase-1, -3, and -8, and Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis showed that they were all competitive inhibitors. In silico study was conducted on compound 6 that showed the highest level of inhibition of NTPDase-1 to understand the binding mode in the active site of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Mohammed Khan
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Uzma Salar
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Saira Afzal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research (CADR), Department of Pharmacy COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Computational Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, UCSS, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Taha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahnaz Perveen
- PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Karachi, Shahrah-e-Dr. Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Karachi 75280, Pakistan
| | - Huma Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Computational Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, UCSS, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Joanna Lecka
- Département de Microbiologie-infectiologie et d'immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Jean Sévigny
- Département de Microbiologie-infectiologie et d'immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research (CADR), Department of Pharmacy COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
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153
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Muhammad N, Ali Shah N, Ali S, Wadood A, Ghufran M, Rashid Khan M, Siddiq P, Shujah S, Meetsma A. Antimicrobial efficiency of diorganotin(IV) bis-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-methylacrylate]. J COORD CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2018.1513131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niaz Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Naseer Ali Shah
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saqib Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Mehreen Ghufran
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | | | - Pakiza Siddiq
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Shujah
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Auke Meetsma
- Crystal Structure Center, Chemical Physics, Materials Science Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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154
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Khan M, Khan S, Ul Mulk A, Ur Rahman A, Wadood A, Shams S, Ashraf M, Rahman J, Khan I, Hameed A, Hussain Z, Khan A, Zaman K, Khan KM, Perveen S. Synthesis, Molecular Modeling and Biological Evaluation of 5-arylidene-N,N-diethylthiobarbiturates as Potential α-glucosidase Inhibitors. Med Chem 2018; 15:175-185. [PMID: 30207240 DOI: 10.2174/1573406414666180912114814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Barbituric acid derivatives are a versatile group of compounds which are identified as potential pharmacophores for the treatment of anxiety, epilepsy and other psychiatric disorders. They are also used as anesthetics and have sound effects on the motor and sensory functions. Barbiturates are malonylurea derivatives with a variety of substituents at C-5 position showing resemblance with nitrogen and sulfur containing compounds like thiouracil which exhibited potent anticancer and antiviral activities. Recently, barbituric acid derivatives have also received great interest for applications in nanoscience. OBJECTIVE Synthesis of 5-arylidene-N,N-diethylthiobarbiturates, biological evaluation as potential α-glucosidase inhibitors and molecular modeling. METHODS In the present study, N,N-Diethylthiobarbituric acid derivatives were synthesized by refluxing of N,N-diethylthiobarbituric acid and different aromatic aldehydes in distilled water. In a typical reaction; a mixture of N,N-diethylthiobarbituric acid 0.20 g (1 mmol) and 5-bromo-2- hydroxybenzaldehyde 0.199 g (1 mmol) mixed in 10 mL distilled water and reflux for 30 minutes. After completion of the reaction, the corresponding product 1 was filtered and dried and yield calculated. It was crystallized from ethanol. The structures of synthesized compounds 1-25 were carried out by using 1H, 13C NMR, EI spectroscopy and CHN analysis used for the determination of their structures. The α-glucosidase inhibition assay was performed as given by Chapdelaine et al., with slight modifications and optimization. RESULTS Our newly synthesized compounds showed a varying degree of α-glucosidase inhibition and at least four of them were found as potent inhibitors. Compounds 6, 5, 17, 11 exhibited IC50 values (Mean±SEM) of 0.0006 ± 0.0002, 18.91 ± 0.005, 19.18 ± 0.002, 36.91 ± 0.003 µM, respectively, as compared to standard acarbose (IC50, 38.25 ± 0.12 µM). CONCLUSION Our present study has shown that compounds 6, 5, 17, 11 exhibited IC50 values of 0.0006 ± 0.0002, 18.91 ± 0.005, 19.18 ± 0.002, 36.91 ± 0.003 µM, respectively. The studies were supported by in silico data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momin Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Sehrish Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Amir Ul Mulk
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Anis Ur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Shams
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur - 63100, Pakistan
| | - Jameel Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur - 63100, Pakistan
| | - Iltaf Khan
- School of Chemistry and Material Science Heilonjiang University Harbin 150080, China
| | - Abdul Hameed
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Abbas Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Khair Zaman
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Khalid M Khan
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahnaz Perveen
- PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Shahrah-e-Dr. Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Karachi-75280, Pakistan
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155
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Ali B, Mohammed Khan K, Arshia, Kanwal, Hussain S, Hussain S, Ashraf M, Riaz M, Wadood A, Perveen S. Synthetic nicotinic/isonicotinic thiosemicarbazides: In vitro urease inhibitory activities and molecular docking studies. Bioorg Chem 2018; 79:34-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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156
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Ur. Rehman N, Khan A, Al-Harrasi A, Hussain H, Wadood A, Riaz M, Al-Abri Z. New α-Glucosidase inhibitors from the resins of Boswellia species with structure–glucosidase activity and molecular docking studies. Bioorg Chem 2018; 79:27-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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157
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SikanderAzam S, Ahmad S, Navid A, Sajid NUA, Ahmad I, Wadood A. Implications of sequence conservation patterns of serpin B family leading to structural and functional importance. Gene Reports 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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158
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Narang K, Krishan A, Pisavadia B, Wadood A, Budhoo M, Zaman S. Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair: a rare case of colonic mesh migration. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2018; 100:e1-e4. [PMID: 30112945 PMCID: PMC6204502 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2018.0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Inguinal hernia repair can be performed via either an open or laparoscopic technique. Use of a mesh to repair the abdominal wall defect is now common practice, leading to a reduction in hernia recurrence but also associated with a number of complications. We report a rare case of a 49-year old man who presented 3 years after laparoscopic hernia repair with right-sided abdominal pain and loose stools. Colonoscopy and computed tomography revealed a mesh and fixation devices within the lumen of the caecum and ascending colon. The mesh was successfully excised with primary closure of the bowel defect. This case highlights the importance of recognising mesh migration as a complication of hernia repair, a phenomenon which can lead to serious morbidity. We suggest that patients should be informed of this risk during the consent process, while further research is needed to investigate how this occurrence can be prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Narang
- Sandwell General Hospital, Lyndon, West Bromwich, UK
| | - A Krishan
- Sandwell General Hospital, Lyndon, West Bromwich, UK
| | - B Pisavadia
- Sandwell General Hospital, Lyndon, West Bromwich, UK
| | - A Wadood
- Sandwell General Hospital, Lyndon, West Bromwich, UK
| | - M Budhoo
- Sandwell General Hospital, Lyndon, West Bromwich, UK
| | - S Zaman
- Sandwell General Hospital, Lyndon, West Bromwich, UK
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159
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Uddin I, Taha M, Rahim F, Wadood A. Synthesis and molecular docking study of piperazine derivatives as potent inhibitor of thymidine phosphorylase. Bioorg Chem 2018; 78:324-331. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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160
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Taha M, Wadood A. Synthesis and molecular docking study of piperazine derivatives as potent urease inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2018; 78:411-417. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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161
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Ullah H, Rahim F, Taha M, Uddin I, Wadood A, Shah SAA, Farooq RK, Nawaz M, Wahab Z, Khan KM. Synthesis, molecular docking study and in vitro thymidine phosphorylase inhibitory potential of oxadiazole derivatives. Bioorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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162
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Rehman NU, Abed RMM, Hussain H, Khan HY, Khan A, Khan AL, Ali M, Al-Nasri A, Al-Harrasi K, Al-Rawahi AN, Wadood A, Al-Rawahi A, Al-Harrasi A. Anti-proliferative potential of cyclotetrapeptides from Bacillus velezensis RA5401 and their molecular docking on G-Protein-Coupled Receptors. Microb Pathog 2018; 123:419-425. [PMID: 30075241 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Elucidation of bioactive chemical compounds from rhizobacteria is highly utilized in pharmaceuticals and naturopathy, due to their health benefits to human and plants. In current study, four cyclopeptides along with one phenyl amide were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of Bacillus velezensis sp. RA5401. Their structures were determined and characterized as cycle (L-prolyl-L-leucyl)2 (1), cyclo (L-prolyl-l-valine)2 (2), cycle (L-phenylanalyl-L-propyl)2 (3), cyclo (D-pro-L-tyr-L-pro-L-tyr)2 (4) and N-(2-phenylethyl)acetamide (5) on the basis of electron spray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques and comparison with the literature data. The five compounds have been isolated for the first time from this species. The effect of various concentrations of these compounds on the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells was examined. It was found that 1 and 2 induced concentration-independent anti-proliferative effects, while 3, 4 and 5 inhibited cancer cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, to determine the suitable binding targets of these compounds within cancer cell line, detailed target prediction and comparative molecular-docking studies were performed. The compounds 1 and 2 hit intracellular anti-cancer targets of proteases family, while compounds 3, 4 and 5 interacted with different membrane receptors of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs). In conclusion, the Bacillus velezensis RA5401 can be an ideal strain to produce anti-proliferative constituents at industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Raeid M M Abed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Hidayat Hussain
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Husain Yar Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Abdul L Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Majid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Al-Nasri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Khalid Al-Harrasi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Ahmed N Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, 616, Oman.
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163
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Narang K, Wadood A, Budhoo M, Zaman S. What the mesh? Int J Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.05.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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164
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Affiliation(s)
- Momin Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yousaf
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Khair Zaman
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Sana Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mohammed Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Shahnaz Perveen
- PCSIR Laboratoires Complex, Shahrah-e-Dr. Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Karachi-75280, Pakistan
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165
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Ahmad SF, Khan I, Wadood A, Azam S, Rehman N, Waqas M, Bashir K, Khan AA. Pathogens constancy, harbinger of nosocomial infection cum identification of resistant genes and drug designing. Comput Biol Chem 2018; 74:347-359. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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166
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Javid MT, Rahim F, Taha M, Nawaz M, Wadood A, Ali M, Mosaddik A, Shah SAA, Farooq RK. Synthesis, SAR elucidations and molecular docking study of newly designed isatin based oxadiazole analogs as potent inhibitors of thymidine phosphorylase. Bioorg Chem 2018; 79:323-333. [PMID: 29803079 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Thymidine phosphorylase is an enzyme involved in pyrimidine salvage pathway that is identical to platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF) and gliostatin. It is enormously up regulated in a variety of solid tumors. Furthermore, surpassing of TP level protects tumor cells from apoptosis and helps cell survival. Thus TP is identified as a prime target for developing novel anticancer therapies. A new class of exceptionally potent isatin based oxadiazole (1-30) has been synthesized and evaluated for thymidine phosphorylase inhibitory potential. All analogs showed potent thymidine phosphorylase inhibition when compared with standard 7-Deazaxanthine, 7DX (IC50 = 38.68 ± 1.12 µM). Molecular docking study was performed in order to determine the binding interaction of these newly synthesized compounds, which revealed that these synthesized compounds established stronger hydrogen bonding network with active site of residues as compare to the standard compound 7DX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tariq Javid
- Depatment of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Rahim
- Depatment of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Taha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohsan Nawaz
- Depatment of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Ashik Mosaddik
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor D. E., Malaysia; Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Tecknologi MARA Puncak Alam, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor D. E., Malaysia
| | - Rai Khalid Farooq
- Department of Neuroscience Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
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167
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Ahmad S, Navid A, Akhtar AS, Azam SS, Wadood A, Pérez-Sánchez H. Subtractive Genomics, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Revealed LpxC as a Potential Drug Target Against Multi-Drug Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Interdiscip Sci 2018; 11:508-526. [PMID: 29721784 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-018-0299-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The emergence and dissemination of pan drug resistant clones of Klebsiella pneumoniae are great threat to public health. In this regard new therapeutic targets must be highlighted to pave the path for novel drug discovery and development. Subtractive proteomic pipeline brought forth UDP-3-O-[3-hydroxymyristoyl] N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (LpxC), a Zn+2 dependent cytoplasmic metalloprotein and catalyze the rate limiting deacetylation step of lipid A biosynthesis pathway. Primary sequence analysis followed by 3-dimensional (3-D) structure elucidation of the protein led to the detection of K. pneumoniae LpxC (KpLpxC) topology distinct from its orthologous counterparts in other bacterial species. Molecular docking study of the protein recognized receptor antagonist compound 106, a uridine-based LpxC inhibitory compound, as a ligand best able to fit the binding pocket with a Gold Score of 67.53. Molecular dynamics simulation of docked KpLpxC revealed an alternate binding pattern of ligand in the active site. The ligand tail exhibited preferred binding to the domain I residues as opposed to the substrate binding hydrophobic channel of subdomain II, usually targeted by inhibitory compounds. Comparison with the undocked KpLpxC system demonstrated ligand induced high conformational changes in the hydrophobic channel of subdomain II in KpLpxC. Hence, ligand exerted its inhibitory potential by rendering the channel unstable for substrate binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Ahmad
- National Center for Bioinformatics (NCB), Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Afifa Navid
- National Center for Bioinformatics (NCB), Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Amina Saleem Akhtar
- National Center for Bioinformatics (NCB), Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Syed Sikander Azam
- National Center for Bioinformatics (NCB), Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University-Mardan, Shankar Campus, Mardan, Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Horacio Pérez-Sánchez
- Structural Bioinformatics and High Performance Computing Research Group (BIO-HPC), Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
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Ahmad H, Ahmad S, Ali M, Latif A, Shah SAA, Naz H, Ur Rahman N, Shaheen F, Wadood A, Khan HU, Ahmad M. Norditerpenoid alkaloids of Delphinium denudatum as cholinesterase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2018; 78:427-435. [PMID: 29698893 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Three new norditerpenoids alkaloids, 1β-hydroxy,14β-acetyl condelphine (1), jadwarine-A (2), jadwarine-B (3) along with two known alkaloids isotalatizidine hydrate (4) and dihydropentagynine (5) were isolated from medicinal plant Delphinium denudatum. The structures of natural products 1-5 were established on the basis of HR-EIMS, 1H and 13C NMR (1D & 2D) spectroscopic data as well as by comparison from literature data. The structures of compound 1 and 4 were also confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. In-vitro AChE and BChE enzyme inhibitory activities of compounds 1-5 and molecular docking studies were performed to investigate the possible molecular inhibitory mechanism of the isolated natural products. Compound 2, 4 and 5 showed competitive inhibitory effects by inhibiting AChE and BChE, respectively, while 1 and 3 showed non-competitive inhibition. This work is the first report that provides a supporting evidence about the use of constituents of Delphinium denudatum in cerebral dementia and Alzheimer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanif Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L) 18550, KP, Pakistan
| | - Shujaat Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L) 18550, KP, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal Dir (U), 18000 KP, Pakistan
| | - Mumtaz Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L) 18550, KP, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Latif
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L) 18550, KP, Pakistan
| | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor D.E., Malaysia; Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Products Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
| | - Humera Naz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor D.E., Malaysia; Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Products Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
| | - Najeeb Ur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L) 18550, KP, Pakistan
| | - Farzana Shaheen
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Hidayat Ullah Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Bannu, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Manzoor Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L) 18550, KP, Pakistan.
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Uddin R, Siddiqui QN, Azam SS, Saima B, Wadood A. Identification and characterization of potential druggable targets among hypothetical proteins of extensively drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (XDR KZN 605) through subtractive genomics approach. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 114:13-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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170
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Khan HS, Wadood A, Ayyaz M. Occult Pneumothorax: What Do We Need to Do? J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2018; 28:S31-S32. [PMID: 29482698 DOI: 10.29271/jcpsp.2018.03.s31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Occult pneumothorax is a condition in which a patient's clinical examination and chest radiograph are normal; but there is pneumothorax on computed tomography (CT) scan. We here describe two cases of trauma whose initial survey and chest X-ray showed normal lung markings bilaterally; but CT scan done subsequently, showed pneumothorax which was managed by chest intubation. There is still an ongoing debate about the management of occult pneumothorax. Simple observation is recommended for an asymptomatic pneumothorax. However, chest intubation is recommended for patients undergoing a surgery or mechanical ventilation due to the fear of converting a close pneumothorax into a tension pneumothorax.
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171
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Muhammad N, Ikram M, Wadood A, Rehman S, Shujah S, Ghufran M, Rahim S, Shah M, Schulzke C. Synthesis, crystal structure, DNA binding and molecular docking studies of zinc(II) carboxylates. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 190:368-377. [PMID: 28954251 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
New zinc(II) carboxylate complexes [Zn(3-F-C6H4CH2COO)2]n (1), [Zn3(3-F-C6H4CH2COO)6(Phen)2] (2) and [Zn3(3-F-C6H4CH2COO)6(bipy)2] (3) were synthesized and characterized by atomic absorption, single crystal structural analysis and IR studies. Complex 1 crystallizes as a coordination polymer constituting a web of μ-η1,η1 carboxylate bridged tetrahedral zinc centers. Complexes 2 and 3 comprise trinuclear zinc centers with two terminal fivefold coordinated slightly distorted square-pyramidal and central sixfold coordinated octahedral zinc centers. The complexes were also assessed for their DNA binding ability by UV/-Vis spectroscopy and their behavior rationalized theoretically by molecular docking studies. A DNA binding study has shown groove binding interactions with the complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niaz Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Bio-Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Shujah
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Mehreen Ghufran
- Department of Bio-Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Shahnaz Rahim
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Muzamil Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Carola Schulzke
- Institut für Biochemie, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
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172
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Salar U, Khan KM, Fakhri MI, Hussain S, Tauseef S, Ameer S, Wadood A, Khan H, Perveen S. 1,1'-Carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) Mediated Facile Synthesis, Structural Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity, and in-silico Studies of Coumarin- 3-carboxamide Derivatives. Med Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/1573406413666170623083116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Salar
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Khalid M. Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad I. Fakhri
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Shafqat Hussain
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Saima Tauseef
- Department of Microbiology, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sciences and Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi-75370, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Ameer
- Department of Microbiology, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sciences and Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi-75370, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Computational Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, UCSS, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Huma Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Computational Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, UCSS, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Shahnaz Perveen
- PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Karachi, Shahrah-e-Dr. Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Karachi-75280, Pakistan
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173
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Wadood A, Jamal A, Riaz M, Khan A, Uddin R, Jelani M, Azam SS. Subtractive genome analysis for in silico identification and characterization of novel drug targets in Streptococcus pneumonia strain JJA. Microb Pathog 2017; 115:194-198. [PMID: 29277475 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.12.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a Gram-positive bacterium. Humans are the major target for the pneumococcus. The pneumococcus is a common etiological agent of many different diseases such as bacterial meningitis, pneumonia, otitis media (OM), sinusitis, and conjunctivitis. According to the WHO, the pneumococcus is responsible for causing 1 million deaths each year. In 2000, over 14 million children worldwide under the age of 5 years were diagnosed with a pneumococcal disease, with the highest incidence seen in Africa. The human population most susceptible to pneumococcal infections is that of children due to their immature immune system. A sensational increase in antibiotic resistance among S. pneumoniae has been witnessed in different parts of the world since 1980s. The increase of resistance of S. pneumoniae to antibiotics is of major concern throughout the world. Worldwide, there are concerns about rising levels of antibiotic resistance and fears that the efficacy of antimicrobial therapy may be compromised, resulting in treatment failure and reduced utility of older antibiotics, a comparatively novel method has been used to defeat the resistant pathogens since last decade. The computational subtractive genomics approach is one of them, in which the bacterial pathogen complete proteins is gradually rock-bottom to a small number of likely drug targets. In this approach the steps which are used to find human non-homologs targets, proteins that are essential to the disease causing agent and participation of the selected proteins in pathogen metabolic pathways which are necessary for the survival of bacteria. We used computational subtractive genomics on consummate proteins of the of S. pneumonia strain JJA in this study and concluded with 2 proteins that can be used as potent drug targets against which new dynamic molecules can be planned to make better the action to treat the disease which is related with pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Alam Jamal
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Ajmal Khan
- UON Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate, Oman
| | - Reaz Uddin
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Design, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Musharraf Jelani
- Princess Al-Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Sikander Azam
- Department of Bioinformatics, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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174
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Wadood A, Ghufran M, Hassan SF, Khan H, Azam SS, Rashid U. In silico identification of promiscuous scaffolds as potential inhibitors of 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase for treatment of Falciparum malaria. Pharm Biol 2017; 55:19-32. [PMID: 27650666 PMCID: PMC7011789 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1225778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Malaria remains one of the prevalent infectious diseases worldwide. Plasmodium falciparum 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase (PfDXR) plays a role in isoprenoid biosynthesis in the malaria parasite, making this parasite enzyme an attractive target for antimalarial drug design. Fosmidomycin is a promising DXR inhibitor, which showed safety as well as efficacy against Plasmodium falciparum malaria in clinical trials. However, due to its poor oral bioavailability and non-drug-like properties, the focus of medicinal chemists is to develop inhibitors with improved pharmacological properties. OBJECTIVE This study described the computational design of new and potent inhibitors for deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase and the prediction of their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. MATERIAL AND METHODS A complex-based pharmacophore model was generated from the complex X-ray crystallographic structure of PfDXR using MOE (Molecular Operating Environment). Furthermore, MOE-Dock was used as docking software to predict the binding modes of hits and target enzyme. RESULTS Finally, 14 compounds were selected as new and potent inhibitors of PfDXR on the basis of pharmacophore mapping, docking score, binding energy and binding interactions with the active site residues of the target protein. The predicted pharmacokinetic properties showed improved permeability by efficiently crossing blood-brain barrier. While, in silico promiscuity binding data revealed that these hits also have the ability to bind with other P. falciparum drug targets. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION In conclusion, innovative scaffolds with novel modes of action, improved efficacy and acceptable physiochemical/pharmacokinetic properties were computationally identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
- CONTACT Abdul WadoodDepartment of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; Umer Rashid Department of Chemistry, COMSAT, Abbatabad, Pakistan
| | - Mehreen Ghufran
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | | | - Huma Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Syed Sikandar Azam
- Department of Bioinformatics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Umer Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, COMSAT, Abbatabad, Pakistan
- CONTACT Abdul WadoodDepartment of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; Umer Rashid Department of Chemistry, COMSAT, Abbatabad, Pakistan
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175
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Taha M, Ismail NH, Zaki HM, Wadood A, Anouar EH, Imran S, Yamin BM, Rahim F, Ali M, Khan KM. 3,4-Dimethoxybenzohydrazide derivatives as antiulcer: Molecular modeling and density functional studies. Bioorg Chem 2017; 75:235-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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176
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Halim SA, Khan S, Khan A, Wadood A, Mabood F, Hussain J, Al-Harrasi A. Targeting Dengue Virus NS-3 Helicase by Ligand based Pharmacophore Modeling and Structure based Virtual Screening. Front Chem 2017; 5:88. [PMID: 29164104 PMCID: PMC5671650 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2017.00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever is an emerging public health concern, with several million viral infections occur annually, for which no effective therapy currently exist. Non-structural protein 3 (NS-3) Helicase encoded by the dengue virus (DENV) is considered as a potential drug target to design new and effective drugs against dengue. Helicase is involved in unwinding of dengue RNA. This study was conducted to design new NS-3 Helicase inhibitor by in silico ligand- and structure based approaches. Initially ligand-based pharmacophore model was generated that was used to screen a set of 1201474 compounds collected from ZINC Database. The compounds matched with the pharmacophore model were docked into the active site of NS-3 helicase. Based on docking scores and binding interactions, 25 compounds are suggested to be potential inhibitors of NS3 Helicase. The pharmacokinetic properties of these hits were predicted. The selected hits revealed acceptable ADMET properties. This study identified potential inhibitors of NS-3 Helicase in silico, and can be helpful in the treatment of Dengue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobia A Halim
- Department of Biochemistry, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shanza Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan.,UoN Chair of Oman Medicinal Plants and Marine Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Shankar Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Mabood
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Javid Hussain
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- UoN Chair of Oman Medicinal Plants and Marine Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
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177
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Wadood A, Mehmood A, Khan H, Ilyas M, Ahmad A, Alarjah M, Abu-Izneid T. Epitopes based drug design for dengue virus envelope protein: A computational approach. Comput Biol Chem 2017; 71:152-160. [PMID: 29096381 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) has emerged as a rapidly spreading epidemic throughout the tropical and subtropical regions around the globe. No suitable drug has been designed yet to fight against DENV, therefore, the need for safe and effective antiviral drug has become imperative. The envelope protein of DENV is responsible for mediating the fusion process between viral and host membranes. This work reports an in silico approach to target B and T cell epitopes for dengue envelope protein inhibition. A conserved region "QHGTI" in B and T cell epitopes of dengue envelope glycoprotein was confirmed to be valid for targeting by visualizing its interactions with the host cell membrane TIM-1 protein which acts as a receptor for serotype 2 and 3. A reverse pharmacophore mapping approach was used to generate a seven featured pharmacophore model on the basis of predicted epitope. This pharmacophore model as a 3D query was used to virtually screen a chemical compounds dataset "Chembridge". A total of 1010 compounds mapped on the developed pharmacophore model. These retrieved hits were subjected to filtering via Lipinski's rule of five, as a result 442 molecules were shortlisted for further assessment using molecular docking. Finally, 14 hits of different structural properties having interactions with the active site residues of dengue envelope glycoprotein were selected as lead candidates. These structurally diverse lead candidates have strong likelihood to act as further starting structures in the development of novel and potential drugs for the treatment of dengue fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan-23200, Pakistan.
| | - Aamir Mehmood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Huma Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ilyas
- Centre for Human Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan
| | - Ayaz Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan-23200, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Alarjah
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tareq Abu-Izneid
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
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178
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Khan MA, Javaid K, Wadood A, Jamal A, Batool F, Fazal-ur-Rehman S, Basha FZ, Choudhary MI. In vitro α-Glucosidase Inhibition by Non-sugar based Triazoles of Dibenzoazepine, their Structure-Activity Relationship, and Molecular Docking. Med Chem 2017; 13:698-704. [DOI: 10.2174/1573406413666170726142949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Kulsoom Javaid
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Computational Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, UCSS, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Alam Jamal
- Department of Biochemistry, Computational Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, UCSS, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Farhana Batool
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | | | - Fatima Z. Basha
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad I. Choudhary
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
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179
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Ayaz M, Junaid M, Ullah F, Subhan F, Sadiq A, Ali G, Ovais M, Shahid M, Ahmad A, Wadood A, El-Shazly M, Ahmad N, Ahmad S. Anti-Alzheimer's Studies on β-Sitosterol Isolated from Polygonum hydropiper L. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:697. [PMID: 29056913 PMCID: PMC5635809 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The family Polygonaceae is known for its traditional use in the management of various neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD). In search of new anti-AD drugs, β-sitosterol isolated from Polygonum hydropiper was subjected to in vitro, in vivo, behavioral and molecular docking studies to confirm its possibility as a potential anti-Alzheimer's agent. The in vitro AChE, BChE inhibitory potentials of β-sitosterol were investigated following Ellman's assay. The antioxidant activity was tested using DPPH, ABTS and H2O2 assays. Behavioral studies were performed on a sub-strain of transgenic mice using shallow water maze (SWM), Y-maze and balance beam tests. β-sitosterol was tested for in vivo inhibitory potentials against cholinesterase's and free radicals in the frontal cortex (FC) and hippocampus (HC). The molecular docking study was performed to predict the binding mode of β-sitosterol in the active sites of AChE and BChE as inhibitor. Considerable in vitro and in vivo cholinesterase inhibitory effects were observed in the β-sitosterol treated groups. β-sitosterol exhibited an IC50 value of 55 and 50 μg/ml against AChE and BChE respectively. Whereas, the activity of these enzymes were significantly low in FC and HC homogenates of transgenic animals. Molecular docking studies also support the binding of β-sitosterol with the target enzyme and further support the in vitro and in vivo results. In the antioxidant assays, the IC50 values were observed as 140, 120, and 280 μg/ml in the DPPH, ABTS and H2O2 assays respectively. The free radicals load in the brain tissues was significantly declined in the β-sitosterol treated animals as compared to the transgenic-saline treated groups. In the memory assessment and coordination tasks including SWM, Y-maze and balance beam tests, β-sitosterol treated transgenic animals showed gradual improvement in working memory, spontaneous alternation behavior and motor coordination. These results conclude that β-sitosterol is a potential compound for the management of memory deficit disorders like AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Junaid
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Subhan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Gowhar Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ovais
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ashfaq Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nisar Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
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180
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Bano B, Arshia, Khan KM, Kanwal, Fatima B, Taha M, Ismail NH, Wadood A, Ghufran M, Perveen S. Synthesis, in vitro β -glucuronidase inhibitory potential and molecular docking studies of quinolines. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:849-864. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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181
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Wadood A, Ghufran M, Khan A, Azam SS, Uddin R, Waqas M, Saleem S. The methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis strain RP62A genome mining for potential novel drug targets identification. Gene Reports 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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182
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Barakat A, Al-Majid AM, Soliman SM, Islam MS, Ghawas HM, Yousuf S, Choudhary MI, Wadood A. Corrigendum to “Monoalkylated barbiturate derivatives: X-ray crystal structure, theoretical studies, and biological activities” [J. Mol. Struct. 1141 (2017) 624–633]. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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183
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Barakat A, Al-Majid AM, Soliman SM, Islam MS, Ghawas HM, Yousuf S, Choudhary MI, Wadood A. Monoalkylated barbiturate derivatives: X-ray crystal structure, theoretical studies, and biological activities. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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184
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Rahman MU, Liu H, Wadood A, Chen HF. Allosteric mechanism of cyclopropylindolobenzazepine inhibitors for HCV NS5B RdRp via dynamic correlation network analysis. Mol Biosyst 2017; 12:3280-3293. [PMID: 27528077 DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00521g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
HCV RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) nonstructural protein 5B (NS5B) is a major target against hepatitis C virus (HCV) for antiviral therapy. Recently discovered cyclopropylindolobenzazepine derivatives have been considered as the most potent for their ability to bind the thumb site 1 domain and allosterically inhibit HCV NS5B RdRp activity. However, the allosteric mechanism for these derivatives has not been clarified at the molecular level. In this study, fluctuation correlation networks were constructed based on all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate the allosteric mechanism. The fluctuation correlation networks between free and M2 bound NS5B are significantly different. Information can better transfer from the allosteric site to the catalytic site for bound NS5B than for free NS5B. Thus, the hypothesis of "binding induced allosteric regulation" is proposed to link the enzyme activation and inhibitor binding and then confirmed by the mutant network. Finally, one possible allosteric pathway was identified with the shortest path and evaluated by the perturbation of the network. These methods will be helpful to identify the allosteric pathway of other proteins and to design new drugs targeting the pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mueed Ur Rahman
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan-23200, Pakistan.
| | - Hai-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China. and Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, 1278 Keyuan Road, Shanghai, 200235, China
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185
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Butt UI, Bhatti S, Wadood A, Rehman UA, Changazi SH, Malik K, Fahad S, Chughtai A, Jadoon NA, Ayyaz M. A case report of pneumo-retro-peritoneum: An unusual presentation of ischio-rectal abscess. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2017; 20:66-68. [PMID: 28702189 PMCID: PMC5496485 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2017.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ano-rectal abscesses are common. They however usually do not present with abdominal symptoms. CT although useful is not routinely carried out. Finding of Pneumo-retro-peritoneum with ischio-rectal abscess is rare. Case presentation We present the case of a diabetic gentleman who presented with abdominal pain and distension and was found to have ischio-rectal abscess on perianal examination. Although initially suspected to have acute abdomen due to perforated viscus, CT scan revealed pneumo-retro-peritoneum which appeared to arise due to the abscess. Patient underwent incision and drainage of the abscess followed by serial debridement. He made a complete recovery. Conclusion Abdominal symptoms are rare in ischio-rectal abscess, but they must be kept in mind. Proper diagnosis may avoid a negative laparotomy. Ischio-rectal abscess can present with abdominal symptoms of peritonism and peritonitis. Actual cause of these symptoms of peritonitis could be retro-peritoneal air which can be managed simply by incision and drainage of abscess alone. Vigilance on the part of treating surgeon/physician can avoid a negative laparotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samiullah Bhatti
- Surgical Unit –II, Services Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
- Corresponding author.
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Surgical Unit –II, Services Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Kashif Malik
- Surgical Unit –II, Services Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shah Fahad
- Surgical Unit –II, Services Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Mahmood Ayyaz
- Surgical Unit –II, Services Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
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186
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Uddin R, Tariq SS, Azam SS, Wadood A, Moin ST. Identification of Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) as a drug target against MRSA via interolog method of protein-protein interaction prediction. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:198-211. [PMID: 28591562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Patently, Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs) lie at the core of significant biological functions and make the foundation of host-pathogen relationships. Hence, the current study is aimed to use computational biology techniques to predict host-pathogen Protein-Protein Interactions (HP-PPIs) between MRSA and Humans as potential drug targets ultimately proposing new possible inhibitors against them. As a matter of fact this study is based on the Interolog method which implies that homologous proteins retain their ability to interact. A distant homolog approach based on Interolog method was employed to speculate MRSA protein homologs in Humans using PSI-BLAST. In addition the protein interaction partners of these homologs as listed in Database of Interacting Proteins (DIP) were predicted to interact with MRSA as well. Moreover, a direct approach using BLAST was also applied so as to attain further confidence in the strategy. Consequently, the common HP-PPIs predicted by both approaches are suggested as potential drug targets (22%) whereas, the unique HP-PPIs estimated only through distant homolog approach are presented as novel drug targets (12%). Furthermore, the most repeated entry in our results was found to be MRSA Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) which was then modeled using SWISS-MODEL. Eventually, small molecules from ZINC, selected randomly, were docked against HDAC using Auto Dock and are suggested as potential binders (inhibitors) based on their energetic profiles. Thus the current study provides basis for further in-depth analysis of such data which not only include MRSA but other deadly pathogens as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reaz Uddin
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Syeda Sumayya Tariq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Sikander Azam
- National Centre for Bioinformatics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Syed Tarique Moin
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Pakistan
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187
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Arshad T, Khan KM, Rasool N, Salar U, Hussain S, Asghar H, Ashraf M, Wadood A, Riaz M, Perveen S, Taha M, Ismail NH. 5-Bromo-2-aryl benzimidazole derivatives as non-cytotoxic potential dual inhibitors of α -glucosidase and urease enzymes. Bioorg Chem 2017; 72:21-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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188
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Panda NK, Patro SK, Verma RK, Wadood A, Chatterjee D. Epithelio- Myoepithelial Carcinoma of Masseteric Space: a Case Report. Indian J Surg Oncol 2017; 8:240-244. [PMID: 28546730 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-016-0537-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelio-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMEC) is a very rare malignancy of the salivary gland which comprises less than 1 % of salivary gland tumors. In the parapharyngeal space they can either arise from the deep lobe of parotid gland or de novo from minor salivary glands. We present a case of epithelio-myoepithelial carcinoma of parapharyngeal and masseteric space. The case is important for its rarity of presentation and we discuss the surgical difficulties and morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh K Panda
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Sourabha K Patro
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Roshan K Verma
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012 India
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189
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Ahmad H, Ahmad S, Shah SAA, Latif A, Ali M, Khan FA, Tahir MN, Shaheen F, Wadood A, Ahmad M. Antioxidant and anticholinesterase potential of diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum heterophyllum. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:3368-3376. [PMID: 28457693 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Extensive chromatographic separations performed on the basic (pH=8-10) chloroform soluble fraction of Aconitum heterophyllum resulted in the isolation of three new diterpenoid alkaloids, 6β-Methoxy, 9β-dihydroxylheteratisine (1), 1α,11,13β-trihydroxylhetisine (2), 6,15β-dihydroxylhetisine (3), and the known compounds iso-atisine (4), heteratisine (5), hetisinone (6), 19-epi-isoatisine (7), and atidine (8). Structures of the isolated compounds were established by means of mass and NMR spectroscopy as well as single crystal X-ray crystallography. Compounds 1-8 were screened for their antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities followed by in silico studies to find out the possible inhibitory mechanism of the tested compounds. This work is the first report demonstrating significant antioxidant and anticholinesterase potentials of diterpenoid alkaloids isolated from a natural source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanif Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L) 18550, KP, Pakistan
| | - Shujaat Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L) 18550, KP, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal Dir (U) 18000, KP, Pakistan
| | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor D. E., Malaysia; Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Products Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor D. E., Malaysia
| | - Abdul Latif
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L) 18550, KP, Pakistan
| | - Mumtaz Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L) 18550, KP, Pakistan
| | - Farman Ali Khan
- Department of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal Dir (U) 18000, KP, Pakistan
| | | | - Farzana Shaheen
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Manzoor Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L) 18550, KP, Pakistan.
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190
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Zawawi NKNA, Taha M, Ahmat N, Ismail NH, Wadood A, Rahim F. Synthesis, molecular docking studies of hybrid benzimidazole as α -glucosidase inhibitor. Bioorg Chem 2017; 70:184-191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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191
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Salar U, Khan KM, Syed S, Taha M, Ali F, Ismail NH, Perveen S, Wadood A, Ghufran M. Synthesis, in vitro β-glucuronidase inhibitory activity and in silico studies of novel (E)-4-Aryl-2-(2-(pyren-1-ylmethylene)hydrazinyl)thiazoles. Bioorg Chem 2016; 70:199-209. [PMID: 28069264 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Current research is based on the synthesis of novel (E)-4-aryl-2-(2-(pyren-1-ylmethylene)hydrazinyl)thiazole derivatives (3-15) by adopting two steps route. First step was the condensation between the pyrene-1-carbaldehyde (1) with the thiosemicarbazide to afford pyrene-1-thiosemicarbazone intermediate (2). While in second step, cyclization between the intermediate (2) and phenacyl bromide derivatives or 2-bromo ethyl acetate was carried out. Synthetic derivatives were structurally characterized by spectroscopic techniques such as EI-MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. Stereochemistry of the iminic double bond was confirmed by NOESY analysis. All pure compounds 2-15 were subjected for in vitro β-glucuronidase inhibitory activity. All molecules were exhibited excellent inhibition in the range of IC50=3.10±0.10-40.10±0.90μM and found to be even more potent than the standard d-saccharic acid 1,4-lactone (IC50=48.38±1.05μM). Molecular docking studies were carried out to verify the structure-activity relationship. A good correlation was perceived between the docking study and biological evaluation of active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Salar
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mohammed Khan
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Shazia Syed
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Taha
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor D.E., Malaysia; Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
| | - Farman Ali
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Nor Hadiani Ismail
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
| | - Shahnaz Perveen
- PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Karachi, Shahrah-e-Dr. Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Karachi 75280, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Computational Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, UCSS, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Mehreen Ghufran
- Department of Biochemistry, Computational Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, UCSS, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
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192
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Khan A, Munir M, Aiman S, Wadood A, Khan AU. The in silico identification of small molecules for protein-protein interaction inhibition in AKAP-Lbc-RhoA signaling complex. Comput Biol Chem 2016; 67:84-91. [PMID: 28063348 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The rational design of small molecules that mimic key residues at the interface of interacting proteins can be a successful approach to target certain biological signaling cascades causing pathophysiological outcome. The A-Kinase Anchoring Protein, i.e. AKAP-Lbc, catalyses nucleotide exchange on RhoA and is involved in cardiac repolarization. The oncogenic AKAP-Lbc induces the RhoA GTPase hyperactivity and aberrantly amplifies the signaling pathway leading to hypertrophic cardiomyocytes. We took advantage of the AKAP-Lbc-RhoA complex crystal structure to design in silico small molecules predicted to inhibit the associated pathological signaling cascade. We adopted the strategies of pharmacophore building, virtual screening and molecular docking to identify the small molecules capable to target AKAP-Lbc and RhoA interactions. The pharmacophore model based virtual screening unveils two lead compounds from the TIMBAL database of small molecules modulating the targeted protein-protein interactions. The molecular docking analysis revealed the lead compounds' potentialities to establish the essential chemical interactions with the key interactive residues of the complex. These features provided a road map for designing additional potent chemical derivatives and fragments of the original lead compounds to perturb the AKAP-Lbc and RhoA interactions. Experimental validations may elucidate the therapeutic potential of these lead chemical scaffolds to deal with aberrant AKAP-Lbc signaling based cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asifullah Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan; Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology (PICB), Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Mehwish Munir
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Sara Aiman
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Arif-Ullah Khan
- Ripha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ripha International University Islamabad, Pakistan
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193
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Majouli K, Mahjoub MA, Rahim F, Hamdi A, Wadood A, Besbes Hlila M, Kenani A. Biological properties of Hertia cheirifolia L. flower extracts and effect of the nopol on α-glucosidase. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 95:757-761. [PMID: 27939269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In screening for antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitors from the extracts of Hertia cheirifolia L. flowers, the petroleum ether extract showed interesting antioxidant activity and inhibitory effect on the activity of α-glucosidase. The fractionation of this extract resulted in the isolation of a compound which is characterized by NMR and ESI-MS as a nopol. The nopol exhibited potent α-glucosidase inhibitory potential with IC50 value of 220μM. The kinetic evaluation indicated that it acts as a non-competitive inhibitor. A molecular docking study proved that the nopol presented a strong affinity with amino acid residues of α-glucosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaouther Majouli
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Research Unit: UR 12ES08 "Cell Signaling and Pathologies", Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Mohamed Ali Mahjoub
- Laboratory of Genome Diagnostics and Valorisation, ISBM, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Fazal Rahim
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, 21120, Khyber Pukhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Assia Hamdi
- Laboratory of Chemical, Galenic and Pharmacological Development of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Computational Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, UCSS, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Malek Besbes Hlila
- Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and of Biologically Active Substances, MDT01, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Abderraouf Kenani
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Research Unit: UR 12ES08 "Cell Signaling and Pathologies", Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Tunisia
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194
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Alam M, Khan A, Wadood A, Khan A, Bashir S, Aman A, Jan AK, Rauf A, Ahmad B, Khan AR, Farooq U. Corrigendum: Bioassay-Guided Isolation of Sesquiterpene Coumarins from Ferula narthex Bioss: A New Anticancer Agent. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:444. [PMID: 27881964 PMCID: PMC5118459 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mahboob Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology HavelianAbbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyAbbottabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Ajmal Khan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University-MardanMardan, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyAbbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Shumaila Bashir
- Department of Pharmacy, University of PeshawarPeshawar, Pakistan
| | - Akhtar Aman
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University SheringalSheringal, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Khaliq Jan
- Department of Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University SheringalSheringal, Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of SwabiKhyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Centre of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of PeshawarKhyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rahman Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyAbbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyAbbottabad, Pakistan
- Umar Farooq
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195
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Abid OUR, Ayaz M, Rehman W, Mehdi K, Ali A, Wadood A, Rahim F, Sultan A, Ghufran M, Mir S, Qureshi MT. Synthesis, Enzyme Inhibition, and Molecular Docking Studies of Hydrazones from Dichlorophenylacetic Acids. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201600163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Chemistry; Hazara University; Mansehra 21120 Pakistan
| | - Wajid Rehman
- Department of Chemistry; Hazara University; Mansehra 21120 Pakistan
| | - Kamran Mehdi
- Department of Chemistry; Hazara University; Mansehra 21120 Pakistan
| | - Arif Ali
- Department of Chemistry; Hazara University; Mansehra 21120 Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry; Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan; Mardan 23200 Pakistan
| | - Fazal Rahim
- Department of Chemistry; Hazara University; Mansehra 21120 Pakistan
| | - Aneesa Sultan
- Department of Biochemistry; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
| | - Mehreen Ghufran
- Department of Biochemistry; Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan; Mardan 23200 Pakistan
| | - Sadullah Mir
- Department of Chemistry; COMSATS Institute of Information Technology; Abbottabad 22060 Pakistan
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196
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Barakat A, Al-Qahtani BM, Al-Majid AM, Shaik MAMR, Al-Agamy MH, Wadood A. Synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial activity and molecular docking studies of combined pyrazol-barbituric acid pharmacophores. TROP J PHARM RES 2016. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v15i10.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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197
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Khan KM, Qurban S, Salar U, Taha M, Hussain S, Perveen S, Hameed A, Ismail NH, Riaz M, Wadood A. Synthesis, in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and molecular docking studies of new thiazole derivatives. Bioorg Chem 2016; 68:245-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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198
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Arshad T, Khan KM, Rasool N, Salar U, Hussain S, Tahir T, Ashraf M, Wadood A, Riaz M, Perveen S, Taha M, Ismail NH. Syntheses, in vitro evaluation and molecular docking studies of 5-bromo-2-aryl benzimidazoles as α-glucosidase inhibitors. Med Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-016-1614-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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199
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Rahim F, Ullah H, Taha M, Wadood A, Javed MT, Rehman W, Nawaz M, Ashraf M, Ali M, Sajid M, Ali F, Khan MN, Khan KM. Synthesis and in vitro acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory potential of hydrazide based Schiff bases. Bioorg Chem 2016; 68:30-40. [PMID: 27441832 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
To discover multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, a series of hydrazide based Schiff bases were designed and synthesized based on multitarget-directed strategy. We have synthesized twenty-eight analogs of hydrazide based Schiff bases, characterized by various spectroscopic techniques and evaluated in vitro for acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition. All compounds showed varied degree of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition when compared with standard Eserine. Among the series, compounds 10, 3 and 24 having IC50 values 4.12±0.01, 8.12±0.01 and 8.41±0.06μM respectively showed potent acetylcholinesterase inhibition when compared with Eserine (IC50=0.85±0.0001μM). Three compounds 13, 24 and 3 having IC50 values 6.51±0.01, 9.22±0.07 and 37.82±0.14μM respectively showed potent butyrylcholinesterase inhibition by comparing with eserine (IC50=0.04±0.0001μM). The remaining compounds also exhibited moderate to weak inhibitory potential. Structure activity relationship has been established. Through molecular docking studies the binding interaction was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazal Rahim
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan.
| | - Hayat Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Taha
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Applied Science, UiTM, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biohemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | | | - Wajid Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
| | - Mohsan Nawaz
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Center for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, University Road, Abbottabad 22060, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajid
- Department of Biochemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
| | - Farman Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
| | | | - Khalid Mohammed Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
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200
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Taha M, Ismail NH, Imran S, Wadood A, Rahim F, Al Muqarrabin LMR, Zaki HM, Ahmat N, Nasir A, Khan F. Synthesis of novel disulfide and sulfone hybrid scaffolds as potent β-glucuronidase inhibitor. Bioorg Chem 2016; 68:15-22. [PMID: 27414468 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Novel series of disulfide and sulfone hybrid analogs (1-20) were synthesized and characterized through EI-MS and (1)H NMR and evaluated for β-glucuronidase inhibitory potential. All synthesized analogs except 13 and 15 showed excellent β-glucuronidase inhibitory potential with IC50 value ranging in between 2.20-88.16μM as compared to standard d-saccharic acid 1,4 lactone (48.4±1.25μM). Analogs 19, 16, 4, 1, 17, 6, 10, 3, 18, 2, 11, 14 and 5 showed many fold potent activity against β-glucuronidase inhibitor. Structure activity relationship showed that substitution of electron withdrawing groups at ortho as well as para position on phenyl ring increase potency. Electron withdrawing groups at meta position on phenyl ring showed slightly low potency as compared to ortho and para position. The binding interactions were confirmed through molecular docking studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Taha
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia; Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor D.E., Malaysia.
| | - Nor Hadiani Ismail
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia; Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
| | - Syahrul Imran
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia; Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Depatment of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Rahim
- Depatment of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Laode Muhammad Ramadhan Al Muqarrabin
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia; Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
| | - Hamizah Mohd Zaki
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia; Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
| | - Norizan Ahmat
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia; Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
| | - Abdul Nasir
- Depatment of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Khan
- Depatment of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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