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Bilal S, Saad Jan S, Shahid M, Asaf S, Khan AL, Lubna, Al-Rawahi A, Lee IJ, AL-Harrasi A. Novel Insights into Exogenous Phytohormones: Central Regulators in the Modulation of Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Responses in Rice under Metal(loid) Stress. Metabolites 2023; 13:1036. [PMID: 37887361 PMCID: PMC10608868 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13101036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) is a research model for monocotyledonous plants. Rice is also one of the major staple foods and the primary crop for more than half of the world's population. Increasing industrial activities and the use of different fertilizers and pesticides containing heavy metals (HMs) contribute to the contamination of agriculture fields. HM contamination is among the leading causes that affect the health of rice plants by limiting their growth and causing plant death. Phytohormones have a crucial role in stress-coping mechanisms and in determining a range of plant development and growth aspects during heavy metal stress. This review summarizes the role of different exogenous applications of phytohormones including auxin, cytokinin, gibberellins, ethylene, abscisic acid, strigolactones, jasmonates, brassinosteroids, and salicylic acids in rice plants for mitigating heavy metal stress via manipulation of their stress-related physiological and biochemical processes, and alterations of signaling and biosynthesis of genes. Exogenous administration of phytohormones and regulation of endogenous levels by targeting their biosynthesis/signaling machineries is a potential strategy for protecting rice from HM stress. The current review primarily emphasizes the key mechanistic phytohormonal-mediated strategies for reducing the adverse effects of HM toxicity in rice. Herein, we have provided comprehensive evidence for the effective role of exogenous phytohormones in employing defense responses and tolerance in rice to the phytotoxic effects of HM toxicity along with endogenous hormonal crosstalk for modulation of subcellular mechanisms and modification of stress-related signaling pathways, and uptake and translocation of metals. Altogether, this information offers a systematic understanding of how phytohormones modulate a plant's tolerance to heavy metals and may assist in directing the development of new approaches to strengthen rice plant resistance to HM toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqib Bilal
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Syed Saad Jan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Agriculture Research Institute, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mingora 19130, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Department of Engineering Technology, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX 77479, USA
| | - Lubna
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed AL-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
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Ahmad W, Asaf S, Al-Rawahi A, Al-Harrasi A, Khan AL. Comparative plastome genomics, taxonomic delimitation and evolutionary divergences of Tetraena hamiensis var. qatarensis and Tetraena simplex (Zygophyllaceae). Sci Rep 2023; 13:7436. [PMID: 37156827 PMCID: PMC10167353 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34477-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The Zygophyllum and Tetraena genera are intriguingly important ecologically and medicinally. Based on morphological characteristics, T. hamiensis var. qatarensis, and T. simplex were transferred from Zygophyllum to Tetraena with the least genomic datasets available. Hence, we sequenced the T. hamiensis and T. simplex and performed in-depth comparative genomics, phylogenetic analysis, and estimated time divergences. The complete plastomes ranged between 106,720 and 106,446 bp-typically smaller than angiosperms plastomes. The plastome circular genomes are divided into large single-copy regions (~ 80,964 bp), small single-copy regions (~ 17,416 bp), and two inverted repeats regions (~ 4170 bp) in both Tetraena species. An unusual shrinkage of IR regions 16-24 kb was identified. This resulted in the loss of 16 genes, including 11 ndh genes which encode the NADH dehydrogenase subunits, and a significant size reduction of Tetraena plastomes compared to other angiosperms. The inter-species variations and similarities were identified using genome-wide comparisons. Phylogenetic trees generated by analyzing the whole plastomes, protein-coding genes, matK, rbcL, and cssA genes exhibited identical topologies, indicating that both species are sisters to the genus Tetraena and may not belong to Zygophyllum. Similarly, based on the entire plastome and proteins coding genes datasets, the time divergence of Zygophyllum and Tetraena was 36.6 Ma and 34.4 Ma, respectively. Tetraena stem ages were 31.7 and 18.2 Ma based on full plastome and protein-coding genes. The current study presents the plastome as a distinguishing and identification feature among the closely related Tetraena and Zygophyllum species. It can be potentially used as a universal super-barcode for identifying plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Ahmad
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman.
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Department of Engineering Technology, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX, 77479, USA.
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, USA.
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Haghani I, Akhtari J, Yahyazadeh Z, Espahbodi A, Kermani F, Javidnia J, Hedayati MT, Shokohi T, Badali H, Rezaei-Matehkolaei A, Aghili SR, Al-Rawahi A, Al-Harrasi A, Abastabar M, Al-Hatmi AMS. Potential Inhibitory Effect of Miltefosine against Terbinafine-Resistant Trichophyton indotineae. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12040606. [PMID: 37111492 PMCID: PMC10146699 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12040606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Several prolonged and significant outbreaks of dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton indotineae, a new emerging terbinafine-resistant species, have been ongoing in India in recent years, and have since spread to various countries outside Asia. Miltefosine, an alkylphosphocholine, is the most recently approved drug for the treatment of both visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis. Miltefosine in vitro activity against terbinafine-resistant and susceptible T. mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale species complex, including T. indotineae, is limited. The current study aimed to assess miltefosine's in vitro activity against dermatophyte isolates, which are the most common causes of dermatophytosis. Miltefosine, terbinafine, butenafine, tolnaftate, and itraconazole susceptibility testing was performed using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution methods (CLSI M38-A3) against 40 terbinafine-resistant T. indotineae isolates and 40 terbinafine-susceptible T. mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale species complex isolates. Miltefosine had MIC ranges of 0.063-0.5 µg/mL and 0.125-0.25 µg/mL against both terbinafine-resistant and susceptible isolates. In terbinafine-resistant isolates, the MIC50 and MIC90 were 0.125 µg/mL and 0.25 µg/mL, respectively, and 0.25 µg/mL in susceptible isolates. Miltefosine had statistically significant differences in MIC results when compared to other antifungal agents (p-value 0.05) in terbinafine-resistant strains. Accordingly, the findings suggest that miltefosine has a potential activity for treating infections caused by terbinafine-resistant T. indotineae. However, further studies are needed to determine how well this in vitro activity translates into in vivo efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Haghani
- Invasive Fungi Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, Iran
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, Iran
| | - Javad Akhtari
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, Iran
| | - Zahra Yahyazadeh
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, Iran
| | - Amirreza Espahbodi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Kermani
- Invasive Fungi Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, Iran
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, Iran
| | - Javad Javidnia
- Invasive Fungi Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Hedayati
- Invasive Fungi Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, Iran
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, Iran
| | - Tahereh Shokohi
- Invasive Fungi Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, Iran
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, Iran
| | - Hamid Badali
- Invasive Fungi Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, Iran
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, Iran
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249-0600, USA
| | - Ali Rezaei-Matehkolaei
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Aghili
- Invasive Fungi Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, Iran
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, Iran
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Mahdi Abastabar
- Invasive Fungi Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, Iran
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, Iran
| | - Abdullah M S Al-Hatmi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
- Center of Expertise in Mycology, Radboud University Medical Center/Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, 6532 SZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Bilal S, Khan T, Asaf S, Khan NA, Saad Jan S, Imran M, Al-Rawahi A, Khan AL, Lee IJ, Al-Harrasi A. Silicon-Induced Morphological, Biochemical and Molecular Regulation in Phoenix dactylifera L. under Low-Temperature Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076036. [PMID: 37047009 PMCID: PMC10094002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate changes abruptly affect optimum growth temperatures, leading to a negative influence on plant physiology and productivity. The present study aimed to investigate the extent of low-temperature stress effects on date palm growth and physiological indicators under the exogenous application of silicon (Si). Date palm seedlings were treated with Si (1.0 mM) and exposed to different temperature regimes (5, 15, and 30 °C). It was observed that the application of Si markedly improved fresh and dry biomass, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoids), plant morphology, and relative water content by ameliorating low-temperature-induced oxidative stress. Low-temperature stress (5 and 15 °C), led to a substantial upregulation of ABA-signaling-related genes (NCED-1 and PyL-4) in non Si treated plants, while Si treated plants revealed an antagonistic trend. However, jasmonic acid and salicylic acid accumulation were markedly elevated in Si treated plants under stress conditions (5 and 15 °C) in comparison with non Si treated plants. Interestingly, the upregulation of low temperature stress related plant plasma membrane ATPase (PPMA3 and PPMA4) and short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR), responsible for cellular physiology, stomatal conductance and nutrient translocation under silicon applications, was observed in Si plants under stress conditions in comparison with non Si treated plants. Furthermore, a significant expression of LSi-2 was detected in Si plants under stress, leading to the significant accumulation of Si in roots and shoots. In contrast, non Si plants demonstrated a low expression of LSi-2 under stress conditions, and thereby, reduced level of Si accumulation were observed. Less accumulation of oxidative stress was evident from the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Additionally, Si plants revealed a significant exudation of organic acids (succinic acid and citric acid) and nutrient accumulation (K and Mg) in roots and shoots. Furthermore, the application of Si led to substantial upregulation of the low temperature stress related soybean cold regulated gene (SRC-2) and ICE-1 (inducer of CBF expression 1), involved in the expression of CBF/DREB (C-repeat binding factor/dehydration responsive element binding factor) gene family under stress conditions in comparison with non Si plants. The current research findings are crucial for exploring the impact on morpho-physio-biochemical attributes of date palms under low temperature and Si supplementation, which may provide an efficient strategy for growing plants in low-temperature fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqib Bilal
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Taimoor Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Nasir Ali Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Syed Saad Jan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Division of Plant Biosciences, School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Kyungpook National University, 80 Dahak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Department of Engineering Technology, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX 77479, USA
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Division of Plant Biosciences, School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Kyungpook National University, 80 Dahak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
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Khan AL, Lopes LD, Bilal S, Asaf S, Crawford KM, Balan V, Al-Rawahi A, Al-Harrasi A, Schachtman DP. Corrigendum: Microbiome variation across populations of desert halophyte Zygophyllum qatarensis. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1156856. [PMID: 36890889 PMCID: PMC9986589 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1156856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.841217.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Latif Khan
- Department of Engineering Technology, College of Technology, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX, United States
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Lucas Dantas Lopes
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Centre for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Saqib Bilal
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Kerri M. Crawford
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Science and Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Venkatesh Balan
- Department of Engineering Technology, College of Technology, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX, United States
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Daniel P. Schachtman
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Centre for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
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Khan T, Bilal S, Asaf S, Alamri SS, Imran M, Khan AL, Al-Rawahi A, Lee IJ, Al-Harrasi A. Silicon-Induced Tolerance against Arsenic Toxicity by Activating Physiological, Anatomical and Biochemical Regulation in Phoenix dactylifera (Date Palm). Plants 2022; 11:plants11172263. [PMID: 36079645 PMCID: PMC9459973 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is a toxic metal abundantly present in agricultural, industrial, and pesticide effluents. To overcome arsenic toxicity and ensure safety for plant growth, silicon (Si) can play a significant role in its mitigation. Here, we aim to investigate the influence of silicon on date palm under arsenic toxicity by screening antioxidants accumulation, hormonal modulation, and the expression profile of abiotic stress-related genes. The results showed that arsenic exposure (As: 1.0 mM) significantly retarded growth attributes (shoot length, root length, fresh weight), reduced photosynthetic pigments, and raised reactive species levels. Contrarily, exogenous application of Si (Na2SiO3) to date palm roots strongly influenced stress mitigation by limiting the translocation of arsenic into roots and shoots as compared with the arsenic sole application. Furthermore, an enhanced accumulation of polyphenols (48%) and increased antioxidant activities (POD: 50%, PPO: 75%, GSH: 26.1%, CAT: 51%) resulted in a significant decrease in superoxide anion (O2•−: 58%) and lipid peroxidation (MDA: 1.7-fold), in silicon-treated plants, compared with control and arsenic-treated plants. The Si application also reduced the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA: 38%) under normal conditions, and salicylic acid (SA: 52%) and jasmonic acid levels (JA: 62%) under stress conditions as compared with control and arsenic. Interestingly, the genes; zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP) and 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED-1) involved in ABA biosynthesis were upregulated by silicon under arsenic stress. Likewise, Si application also upregulated gene expression of plant plasma membrane ATPase (PMMA-4), aluminum-activated malate transporter (ALMT) responsible for maintaining cellular physiology, stomatal conductance, and short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) involved in nutrients translocation. Hence, the study demonstrates the remarkable role of silicon in supporting growth and inducing arsenic tolerance by increasing antioxidant activities and endogenous hormones in date palm. The outcomes of our study can be employed in further studies to better understand arsenic tolerance and decode mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taimoor Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Saqib Bilal
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (A.L.K.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Safiya Salim Alamri
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Division of Plant Biosciences, School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Kyungpook National University, 80 Dahak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Department of Engineering Technology, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX 77479, USA
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (A.L.K.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Division of Plant Biosciences, School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Kyungpook National University, 80 Dahak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (A.L.K.); (A.A.-H.)
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Javed Z, Khan K, Herrera-Bravo J, Naeem S, Iqbal MJ, Sadia H, Qadri QR, Raza S, Irshad A, Akbar A, Reiner Ž, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A, Satmbekova D, Butnariu M, Bagiu IC, Bagiu RV, Sharifi-Rad J. Correction: Genistein as a regulator of signaling pathways and microRNAs in different types of cancers. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:256. [PMID: 35964054 PMCID: PMC9375376 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02667-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Javed
- Office of Research Innovation and Commercialization (ORIC), Lahore Garrison University, Sector-C, DHA Phase-VI, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khushbukhat Khan
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Jesús Herrera-Bravo
- Departamento de Ciencias BasicasFacultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Santiago, Chile.,Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, 4811230, Temuco, Chile
| | - Sajid Naeem
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhuo University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Javed Iqbal
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan.
| | - Haleema Sadia
- Department of Biotechnology, BUITEMS, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Qamar Raza Qadri
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Raza
- Office of Research Innovation and Commercialization (ORIC), Lahore Garrison University, Sector-C, DHA Phase-VI, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asma Irshad
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Akbar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Željko Reiner
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Almouz , Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Almouz , Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Dinara Satmbekova
- High School of Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Monica Butnariu
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" From Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Iulia Cristina Bagiu
- Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara Discipline of Microbiology, Timisoara, Romania.,Multidisciplinary Research Center On Antimicrobial Resistance, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Radu Vasile Bagiu
- Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara Discipline of Microbiology, Timisoara, Romania.,Preventive Medicine Study Center, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Khan AL, Al-Harrasi A, Wang JP, Asaf S, Riethoven JJM, Shehzad T, Liew CS, Song XM, Schachtman DP, Liu C, Yu JG, Zhang ZK, Meng FB, Yuan JQ, Wei CD, Guo H, Wang X, Al-Rawahi A, Lee IJ, Bennetzen JL, Wang XY. Genome structure and evolutionary history of frankincense producing Boswellia sacra. iScience 2022; 25:104574. [PMID: 35789857 PMCID: PMC9249616 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Boswellia sacra Flueck (family Burseraceae) tree is wounded to produce frankincense. We report its de novo assembled genome (667.8 Mb) comprising 18,564 high-confidence protein-encoding genes. Comparing conserved single-copy genes across eudicots suggest >97% gene space assembly of B. sacra genome. Evolutionary history shows B. sacra gene-duplications derived from recent paralogous events and retained from ancient hexaploidy shared with other eudicots. The genome indicated a major expansion of Gypsy retroelements in last 2 million years. The B. sacra genetic diversity showed four clades intermixed with a primary genotype—dominating most resin-productive trees. Further, the stem transcriptome revealed that wounding concurrently activates phytohormones signaling, cell wall fortification, and resin terpenoid biosynthesis pathways leading to the synthesis of boswellic acid—a key chemotaxonomic marker of Boswellia. The sequence datasets reported here will serve as a foundation to investigate the genetic determinants of frankincense and other resin-producing species in Burseraceae. Assembly and architecture of frankincense producing Boswellia sacra Flueck Comparative genomics and evolutionary history of frankincense tree within orders Transcriptome of stem part and gene expression patterns of wounding to the tree Resin biosynthesis pathway and related CYP450 enzymes and gene families
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Khan AL, Lopes LD, Bilal S, Asaf S, Crawford KM, Balan V, Al-Rawahi A, Al-Harrasi A, Schachtman DP. Microbiome Variation Across Populations of Desert Halophyte Zygophyllum qatarensis. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:841217. [PMID: 35432394 PMCID: PMC9009292 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.841217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microbial symbionts play a significant role in plant health and stress tolerance. However, few studies exist that address rare species of core-microbiome function during abiotic stress. In the current study, we compared the microbiome composition of succulent dwarf shrub halophyte Zygophyllum qatarensis Hadidi across desert populations. The results showed that rhizospheric and endosphere microbiome greatly varied due to soil texture (sandy and gravel). No specific bacterial amplicon sequence variants were observed in the core-microbiome of bulk soil and rhizosphere, however, bacterial genus Alcaligenes and fungal genus Acidea were abundantly distributed across root and shoot endospheres. We also analyzed major nutrients such as silicon (Si), magnesium, and calcium across different soil textures and Z. qatarensis populations. The results showed that the rhizosphere and root parts had significantly higher Si content than the bulk soil and shoot parts. The microbiome variation can be attributed to markedly higher Si - suggesting that selective microbes are contributing to the translocation of soluble Si to root. In conclusion, low core-microbiome species abundance might be due to the harsh growing conditions in the desert - making Z. qatarensis highly selective to associate with microbial communities. Utilizing rare microbial players from plant microbiomes may be vital for increasing crop stress tolerance and productivity during stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Latif Khan
- Department of Engineering Technology, College of Technology, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX, United States
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Lucas Dantas Lopes
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Centre for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Saqib Bilal
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Kerri M. Crawford
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Science and Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Venkatesh Balan
- Department of Engineering Technology, College of Technology, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX, United States
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Daniel P. Schachtman
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Centre for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
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10
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Khan AL, Asaf S, Numan M, AbdulKareem NM, Imran M, Riethoven JJM, Kim HY, Al-Harrasi A, Schachtman DP, Al-Rawahi A, Lee IJ. Transcriptomics of tapping and healing process in frankincense tree during resin production. Genomics 2021; 113:4337-4351. [PMID: 34798281 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Frankincense tree (Boswellia sacra Fluek) has been poorly known on how it responds to tapping and wound-recovery process at molecular levels. Here, we used RNA-sequencing analysis to profile transcriptome of B. sacra after 30 min, 3 h and 6 h of post-tapping. Results showed 5525 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that were related to terpenoid biosynthesis, phytohormonal regulation, cellular transport, and cell-wall synthesis. Plant-growth-regulators were applied exogenously which showed regulation of endogenous jasmonates and resulted in rapid recovery of cell-wall integrity by significantly up-regulated gene expression of terpenoid biosynthesis (germacrene-D synthase, B-amyrin synthase, and squalene epioxidase-1) and cell-wall synthesis (xyloglucan endotransglucosylase, cellulose synthase-A, and cell-wall hydrolase) compared to control. These findings suggest that tapping immediately activated several cell-developmental and regeneration processes, alongwith defense-induced terpenoid metabolism, to improve the healing process in epidermis. Exogenous growth regulators, especially jasmonic acid, can drastically help tree recovery from tissue degeneration and might help in tree conservation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Latif Khan
- Department of Engineering Technology, College of Technology, University of Houston, Houston 77479, TX, United States of America; Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman.
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Muhammad Numan
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 363 Sullivan Science Building, Greensboro, NC 27402-6170, United States of America
| | | | - Muhammad Imran
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jean-Jack M Riethoven
- Nebraska Center for Integrated Biomolecular communication, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States of America
| | - Ho-Youn Kim
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman.
| | - Daniel P Schachtman
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States of America.
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - In-Jung Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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11
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Javed Z, Khan K, Herrera-Bravo J, Naeem S, Iqbal MJ, Sadia H, Qadri QR, Raza S, Irshad A, Akbar A, Reiner Ž, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A, Satmbekova D, Butnariu M, Bagiu IC, Bagiu RV, Sharifi-Rad J. Genistein as a regulator of signaling pathways and microRNAs in different types of cancers. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:388. [PMID: 34289845 PMCID: PMC8296701 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02091-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers are complex diseases orchestrated by a plethora of extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Research spanning over several decades has provided better understanding of complex molecular interactions responsible for the multifaceted nature of cancer. Recent advances in the field of next generation sequencing and functional genomics have brought us closer towards unravelling the complexities of tumor microenvironment (tumor heterogeneity) and deregulated signaling cascades responsible for proliferation and survival of tumor cells. Phytochemicals have begun to emerge as potent beneficial substances aimed to target deregulated signaling pathways. Isoflavonoid genistein is an essential phytochemical involved in regulation of key biological processes including those in different types of cancer. Emerging preclinical evidence have shown its anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Testing of this substance is in various phases of clinical trials. Comprehensive preclinical and clinical trials data is providing insight on genistein as a modulator of various signaling pathways both at transcription and translation levels. In this review we have explained the mechanistic regulation of several key cellular pathways by genistein. We have also addressed in detail various microRNAs regulated by genistein in different types of cancer. Moreover, application of nano-formulations to increase the efficiency of genistein is also discussed. Understanding the pleiotropic potential of genistein to regulate key cellular pathways and development of efficient drug delivery system will bring us a step towards designing better chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Javed
- Office of Research Innovation and Commercialization (ORIC), Lahore Garrison University, Sector-C, DHA Phase-VI, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khushbukhat Khan
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Jesús Herrera-Bravo
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Santiago, Chile.,Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, 4811230, Temuco, Chile
| | - Sajid Naeem
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhuo University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Javed Iqbal
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan.
| | - Haleema Sadia
- Department of Biotechnology, BUITEMS, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Qamar Raza Qadri
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Raza
- Office of Research Innovation and Commercialization (ORIC), Lahore Garrison University, Sector-C, DHA Phase-VI, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asma Irshad
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Akbar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Željko Reiner
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Almouz, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Almouz, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Dinara Satmbekova
- High School of Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Monica Butnariu
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" From Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Iulia Cristina Bagiu
- Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara Discipline of Microbiology, Timisoara, Romania.,Multidisciplinary Research Center on Antimicrobial Resistance, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Radu Vasile Bagiu
- Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara Discipline of Microbiology, Timisoara, Romania.,Preventive Medicine Study Center, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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12
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Islam MS, Quispe C, Hossain R, Islam MT, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A, Martorell M, Mamurova A, Seilkhan A, Altybaeva N, Abdullayeva B, Docea AO, Calina D, Sharifi-Rad J. Neuropharmacological Effects of Quercetin: A Literature-Based Review. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:665031. [PMID: 34220504 PMCID: PMC8248808 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.665031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin (QUR) is a natural bioactive flavonoid that has been lately very studied for its beneficial properties in many pathologies. Its neuroprotective effects have been demonstrated in many in vitro studies, as well as in vivo animal experiments and human trials. QUR protects the organism against neurotoxic chemicals and also can prevent the evolution and development of neuronal injury and neurodegeneration. The present work aimed to summarize the literature about the neuroprotective effect of QUR using known database sources. Besides, this review focuses on the assessment of the potential utilization of QUR as a complementary or alternative medicine for preventing and treating neurodegenerative diseases. An up-to-date search was conducted in PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar for published work dealing with the neuroprotective effects of QUR against neurotoxic chemicals or in neuronal injury, and in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Findings suggest that QUR possess neuropharmacological protective effects in neurodegenerative brain disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Amyloid β peptide, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In summary, this review emphasizes the neuroprotective effects of QUR and its advantages in being used in complementary medicine for the prevention and treatment o of different neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shahazul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Cristina Quispe
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Rajib Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Assem Mamurova
- Department of Biodiversity of Bioresources, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Ainur Seilkhan
- Educational program, Geography, Environment and Service sector, Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan.,Biomedical Research Centre, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Nazgul Altybaeva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Bagila Abdullayeva
- Department of Biodiversity of Bioresources, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Khan AL, Asaf S, Lubna, Al-Rawahi A, Al-Harrasi A. Decoding first complete chloroplast genome of toothbrush tree (Salvadora persica L.): insight into genome evolution, sequence divergence and phylogenetic relationship within Brassicales. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:312. [PMID: 33926374 PMCID: PMC8086069 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07626-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salvadora persica L. (Toothbrush tree - Miswak; family-Salvadoraceae) grows in the arid-land ecosystem and possesses economic and medicinal importance. The species, genus and the family have no genomic datasets available specifically on chloroplast (cp) genomics and taxonomic evolution. Herein, we have sequenced the complete chloroplast genome of S. persica for the first time and compared it with 11 related specie's cp genomes from the order Brassicales. RESULTS The S. persica cp genome was 153,379 bp in length containing a sizeable single-copy region (LSC) of 83,818 bp which separated from the small single-copy region (SSC) of 17,683 bp by two inverted repeats (IRs) each 25,939 bp. Among these genomes, the largest cp genome size (160,600 bp) was found in M. oleifera, while in S. persica it was the smallest (153,379 bp). The cp genome of S. persica encoded 131 genes, including 37 tRNA genes, eight rRNA genes and 86 protein-coding genes. Besides, S. persica contains 27 forward, 36 tandem and 19 palindromic repeats. The S. persica cp genome had 154 SSRs with the highest number in the LSC region. Complete cp genome comparisons showed an overall high degree of sequence resemblance between S. persica and related cp genomes. Some divergence was observed in the intergenic spaces of other species. Phylogenomic analyses of 60 shared genes indicated that S. persica formed a single clade with A. tetracantha with high bootstrap values. The family Salvadoraceae is closely related to Capparaceae and Petadiplandraceae rather than to Bataceae and Koberliniacaea. CONCLUSION The current genomic datasets provide pivotal genetic resources to determine the phylogenetic relationships, genome evolution and future genetic diversity-related studies of S. persica in complex angiosperm families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616, Nizwa, Oman.
| | - Lubna
- Department of Botany, Garden Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616, Nizwa, Oman.
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14
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Al Abri MA, Brooks SA, Al-Saqri N, Alkharousi K, Johnson EH, Alqaisi O, Al-Rawahi A, Al Marzooqi W. Investigating the population structure and genetic diversity of Arabian horses in Oman using SNP markers. Anim Genet 2021; 52:304-310. [PMID: 33730759 DOI: 10.1111/age.13056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Arabian horses were selected for metabolic efficiency, beauty, efficiency and endurance. Therefore, Bedouins have for centuries traced their prized horses' ancestries. With the establishment of the World Arabian Horse Organization (WAHO), registration of Arabian horses became centralized and countries worldwide registered them in its database. Most existing Arabian horses in Oman today were imported after the 1970s and are predominantly flat-racing Arabians. This work aimed at revealing the genetic background and diversity of Omani Arabian horses by comparing them with Arabian horses from a diverse genetic background. To that end, we genotyped 63 randomly sampled Arabian horses from Oman using the Illumina Equine SNP70. For comparison, SNP genotypes of 12 Saudi Arabian horses, 27 French, 77 Egyptian, 11 Polish and 36 US Arabians were included in the study. We additionally included 17 Thoroughbred horses and 21 horses representing large and small breeds as an outgroup. Our MDS analysis and phylogenetic analysis showed that the Arabian horses in Oman cluster primarily with French Arabian horses, with a few horses clustering within the Polish/US Arabians. The French Arabian horse cluster was the closest to the Thoroughbred horses. Amongst the Arabian horses, plink average genomic inbreeding levels were highest in the Egyptian Arabian (0.169) followed by the Saudi Arabian horses (0.137) and lowest in the Omani and French Arabian horses, -0.041 and -0.079 respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the genetic background and diversity of Arabian horses in Oman. Our results demonstrated a definite subpopulation structure among Arabian horses and this information should advise future decision-making on Arabian horse breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Al Abri
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 34, Al Khod, Muscat, 123, Oman
| | - S A Brooks
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - N Al-Saqri
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 34, Al Khod, Muscat, 123, Oman
| | - K Alkharousi
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 34, Al Khod, Muscat, 123, Oman
| | - E H Johnson
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 34, Al Khod, Muscat, 123, Oman
| | - O Alqaisi
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 34, Al Khod, Muscat, 123, Oman
| | - A Al-Rawahi
- The Royal Cavalry of Oman, PO Box 70, Al Seeb, Muscat, 111, Oman
| | - W Al Marzooqi
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 34, Al Khod, Muscat, 123, Oman
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15
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Khan AL, Al-Harrasi A, Numan M, AbdulKareem NM, Mabood F, Al-Rawahi A. Spectroscopic and Molecular Methods to Differentiate Gender in Immature Date Palm ( Phoenix dactylifera L.). Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:536. [PMID: 33809251 PMCID: PMC8001243 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phoenix dactylifera (date palm) is a well-known nutritious and economically important fruit tree found in arid regions of the Middle East and North Africa. Being diploid, it has extremely high divergence in gender, where sex differentiation in immature date palms (Phoenix dactylifera L.) has remained an enigma in recent years. Herein, new robust infrared (near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) and Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance (FTIR/ATR)) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy methods coupled with extensive chemometric analysis were used to identify the sex differentiation in immature date palm leaves. NIRS/FTIR reflectance and 1H-NMR profiling suggested that the signals of monosaccharides (glucose and fructose) and/or disaccharides (maltose and sucrose) play key roles in sex differentiation. The three kinds of spectroscopic data were clearly differentiated among known and unknown male and female leaves via principal component and partial least square discriminant analyses. Furthermore, sex-specific genes and molecular markers obtained from the lower halves of LG12 chromosomes showed enhanced transcript accumulation of mPdIRDP52, mPdIRDP50, and PDK101 in females compared with in males. The phylogeny showed that the mPdIRD033, mPdIRD031, and mPdCIR032 markers formed distinctive clades with more than 70% similarity in gender differentiation. The three robust analyses provide an alternative tool to differentiate sex in date palm trees, which offers a solution to the long-standing challenge of dioecism and could enhance in situ tree propagation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman; (A.L.K.); (N.M.A.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman; (A.L.K.); (N.M.A.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Muhammad Numan
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27402-6170, USA;
| | - Noor Mazin AbdulKareem
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman; (A.L.K.); (N.M.A.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Fazal Mabood
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 19200, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman; (A.L.K.); (N.M.A.); (A.A.-R.)
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16
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Al-Mahruqi S, Al-Wahaibi A, Khan AL, Al-Jardani A, Asaf S, Alkindi H, Al-Kharusi S, Al-Rawahi AN, Al-Rawahi A, Al-Salmani M, Al-Shukri I, Al-Busaidi A, Al-Abri SS, Al-Harrasi A. Molecular epidemiology of COVID-19 in Oman: A molecular and surveillance study for the early transmission of COVID-19 in the country. Int J Infect Dis 2021; 104:139-149. [PMID: 33359061 PMCID: PMC7834852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been proven to be lethal to human health, which affects almost every corner of the world. The objectives of this study were to add context to the global data and international genomic consortiums, and to give insight into the efficiency of the contact tracing system in Oman. METHODS We combined epidemiological data and whole-genome sequence data from 94 samples of SARS-CoV-2 in Oman to understand the origins, genetic variation, and transmissibility. The whole-genome size of sequence data was obtained through a customized SARS-COV-2 research panel. Amplifier methods ranged from 26 Kbp to 30 Kbp and were submitted to GISAID. FINDINGS The study found that P323L (94.7%) is the most common mutation, followed by D614G (92.6%) Spike protein mutation. A unique mutation, I280V, was first reported in Oman and was associated with a rare lineage, B.1.113 (10.6%). In addition, the study revealed a good agreement between genetic and epidemiological data. INTERPRETATION Oman's robust surveillance system was very efficient in guiding the outbreak investigation processes in the country, the study illustrates the future importance of molecular epidemiology in leading the national response to outbreaks and pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Al-Mahruqi
- Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Sultanate of Oman, P.O. Box 393, PC 100 Muscat, Oman.
| | - Adil Al-Wahaibi
- Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Sultanate of Oman, P.O. Box 393, PC 100 Muscat, Oman.
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, PC 616 Nizwa, Oman.
| | - Amina Al-Jardani
- Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Sultanate of Oman, P.O. Box 393, PC 100 Muscat, Oman.
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, PC 616 Nizwa, Oman.
| | - Hanan Alkindi
- Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Sultanate of Oman, P.O. Box 393, PC 100 Muscat, Oman.
| | - Samiha Al-Kharusi
- Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Sultanate of Oman, P.O. Box 393, PC 100 Muscat, Oman.
| | - Ahmed N Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, PC 616 Nizwa, Oman.
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, PC 616 Nizwa, Oman.
| | - Majid Al-Salmani
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, PC 616 Nizwa, Oman.
| | - Intisar Al-Shukri
- Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Sultanate of Oman, P.O. Box 393, PC 100 Muscat, Oman.
| | - Aisha Al-Busaidi
- Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Sultanate of Oman, P.O. Box 393, PC 100 Muscat, Oman.
| | - Seif Salem Al-Abri
- Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Sultanate of Oman, P.O. Box 393, PC 100 Muscat, Oman.
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, PC 616 Nizwa, Oman.
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Ramírez-Alarcón K, Victoriano M, Mardones L, Villagran M, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A, Cruz-Martins N, Sharifi-Rad J, Martorell M. Phytochemicals as Potential Epidrugs in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:656978. [PMID: 34140928 PMCID: PMC8204854 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.656978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) prevalence has significantly increased worldwide in recent years due to population age, obesity, and modern sedentary lifestyles. The projections estimate that 439 million people will be diabetic in 2030. T2DM is characterized by an impaired β-pancreatic cell function and insulin secretion, hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, and recently the epigenetic regulation of β-pancreatic cells differentiation has been underlined as being involved. It is currently known that several bioactive molecules, widely abundant in plants used as food or infusions, have a key role in histone modification and DNA methylation, and constituted potential epidrugs candidates against T2DM. In this sense, in this review the epigenetic mechanisms involved in T2DM and protein targets are reviewed, with special focus in studies addressing the potential use of phytochemicals as epidrugs that prevent and/or control T2DM in vivo and in vitro. As main findings, and although some controversial results have been found, bioactive molecules with epigenetic regulatory function, appear to be a potential replacement/complementary therapy of pharmacological hypoglycemic drugs, with minimal side effects. Indeed, natural epidrugs have shown to prevent or delay the T2DM development and the morbidity associated to dysfunction of blood vessels, eyes and kidneys due to sustained hyperglycemia in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Ramírez-Alarcón
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Montserrat Victoriano
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Lorena Mardones
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Catolica de la Santisima Concepcion, Concepción, Chile
| | - Marcelo Villagran
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Catolica de la Santisima Concepcion, Concepción, Chile
- Scientific-Technological Center for the Sustainable Development of the Coastline, Universidad Catolica de la Santisima Concepcion, Concepción, Chile
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mouz, Oman
- *Correspondence: Ahmed Al-Harrasi, ; Natália Cruz-Martins, ; Javad Sharifi-Rad, ; Miquel Martorell,
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mouz, Oman
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Ahmed Al-Harrasi, ; Natália Cruz-Martins, ; Javad Sharifi-Rad, ; Miquel Martorell,
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
- *Correspondence: Ahmed Al-Harrasi, ; Natália Cruz-Martins, ; Javad Sharifi-Rad, ; Miquel Martorell,
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Concepción, Chile
- *Correspondence: Ahmed Al-Harrasi, ; Natália Cruz-Martins, ; Javad Sharifi-Rad, ; Miquel Martorell,
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Al-Harrasi A, Avula SK, Das B, Csuk R, Al-Rawahi A. Total Synthesis of Surinamensinols A and B. SynOpen 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAn efficient total synthesis of the naturally occurring anti-inflammatory and antitumour 8-O-4′-neolignans, surinamensinols A and B, has been accomplished from commercially available allyl alcohol and (S)-ethyl lactate. The synthetic sequence involves a palladium-catalysed Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction followed by a chiral Mitsunobu reaction as the key steps. This is the first report of the simultaneous stereoselective total synthesis of surinamensinols A and B through a single approach involving only six steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa
| | | | - Biswanath Das
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa
| | - Rene Csuk
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa
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Halim SA, Khan A, Csuk R, Al-Rawahi A, Al-Harrasi A. Diterpenoids and Triterpenoids From Frankincense Are Excellent Anti-psoriatic Agents: An in silico Approach. Front Chem 2020; 8:486. [PMID: 32671018 PMCID: PMC7330179 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects 2–3% of the global population and requires an effective treatment. Frankincense has been long known for its potent anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, a structural bioinformatics approach was used to evaluate the efficacy of individual active components of frankincense, macrocyclic diterpenoid derivatives (1-27), and boswellic acids (28-46) in the treatment of psoriasis. Initially, major druggable targets of psoriasis were identified. Subsequently, structure-based screening was employed by using three different docking algorithms and scoring functions (MOE, AutoDock Vina, and MVD) for the target fishing of compounds against 18 possible targets of psoriasis. Janus Kinase 1, 2, 3 (JAK 1/2/3), eNOS, iNOS, interleukin-17 (IL-17), and Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were identified as the preferred molecular targets for these compounds. This computational analysis reflects that frankincense diterpenoids and triterpenoids can serve as excellent anti-psoriatic agents by targeting major cytokines (TNF-α, IL-17, IL-13, IL-23, and IL-36γ,) exacerbated in psoriasis, and inflammatory pathways particularly JAK1/2/3, eNOS, iNOS, MAPK2, and IFNγ. The results were compared with the reported experimental findings which correlates well with our in-silico verdicts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Rene Csuk
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
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20
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Khan A, Khan AL, Imran M, Asaf S, Kim YH, Bilal S, Numan M, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A, Lee IJ. Silicon-induced thermotolerance in Solanum lycopersicum L. via activation of antioxidant system, heat shock proteins, and endogenous phytohormones. BMC Plant Biol 2020; 20:248. [PMID: 32493420 PMCID: PMC7268409 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02456-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abiotic stresses (e.g., heat or limited water and nutrient availability) limit crop production worldwide. With the progression of climate change, the severity and variation of these stresses are expected to increase. Exogenous silicon (Si) has shown beneficial effects on plant growth; however, its role in combating the negative effects of heat stress and their underlying molecular dynamics are not fully understood. RESULTS Exogenous Si significantly mitigated the adverse impact of heat stress by improving tomato plant biomass, photosynthetic pigments, and relative water content. Si induced stress tolerance by decreasing the concentrations of superoxide anions and malondialdehyde, as well as mitigating oxidative stress by increasing the gene expression for antioxidant enzymes (peroxidases, catalases, ascorbate peroxidases, superoxide dismutases, and glutathione reductases) under stress conditions. This was attributed to increased Si uptake in the shoots via the upregulation of low silicon (SlLsi1 and SlLsi2) gene expression under heat stress. Interestingly, Si stimulated the expression and transcript accumulation of heat shock proteins by upregulating heat transcription factors (Hsfs) such as SlHsfA1a-b, SlHsfA2-A3, and SlHsfA7 in tomato plants under heat stress. On the other hand, defense and stress signaling-related endogenous phytohormones (salicylic acid [SA]/abscisic acid [ABA]) exhibited a decrease in their concentration and biosynthesis following Si application. Additionally, the mRNA and gene expression levels for SA (SlR1b1, SlPR-P2, SlICS, and SlPAL) and ABA (SlNCEDI) were downregulated after exposure to stress conditions. CONCLUSION Si treatment resulted in greater tolerance to abiotic stress conditions, exhibiting higher plant growth dynamics and molecular physiology by regulating the antioxidant defense system, SA/ABA signaling, and Hsfs during heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman.
| | - Muhammad Imran
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Yoon-Ha Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Saqib Bilal
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Muhammad Numan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman.
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - In-Jung Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
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Ur Rehman N, Halim SA, Al-Azri M, Khan M, Khan A, Rafiq K, Al-Rawahi A, Csuk R, Al-Harrasi A. Triterpenic Acids as Non-Competitive α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Boswellia elongata with Structure-Activity Relationship: In Vitro and In Silico Studies. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10050751. [PMID: 32408614 PMCID: PMC7278020 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fourteen triterpene acids, viz., three tirucallane-type (1-3), eight ursane-type (4-11), two oleanane-type (12, 13) and one lupane type (21), along with boswellic aldehyde (14), α-amyrine (15), epi-amyrine (16), straight chain acid (17), sesquiterpene (19) and two cembrane-type diterpenes (18, 20) were isolated, first time, from the methanol extract of Boswellia elongata resin. Compound (1) was isolated for first time as a natural product, while the remaining compounds (2‒21) were reported for first time from B. elongata. The structures of all compounds were confirmed by advanced spectroscopic techniques including mass spectrometry and also by comparison with the reported literature. Eight compounds (1-5, 11, 19 and 20) were further screened for in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Compounds 3-5 and 11 showed significant activity against α-glucosidase with IC50 values ranging from 9.9-56.8 μM. Compound 4 (IC50 = 9.9 ± 0.48 μM) demonstrated higher inhibition followed by 11 (IC50 = 14.9 ± 1.31 μM), 5 (IC50 = 20.9 ± 0.05 μM) and 3 (IC50 = 56.8 ± 1.30 μM), indicating that carboxylic acid play a key role in α-glucosidase inhibition. Kinetics studies on the active compounds 3-5 and 11 were carried out to investigate their mechanism (mode of inhibition and dissociation constants Ki). All compounds were found to be non-competitive inhibitors with Ki values in the range of 7.05 ± 0.17-51.15 ± 0.25 µM. Moreover, in silico docking was performed to search the allosteric hotspot for ligand binding which is targeted by our active compounds investigates the binding mode of active compounds and it was identified that compounds preferentially bind in the allosteric binding sites of α-glucosidase. The results obtained from docking study suggested that the carboxylic group is responsible for their biologic activities. Furthermore, the α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of the active compounds is reported here for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman; (N.U.R.); (S.A.H.); (M.A.-A.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman; (N.U.R.); (S.A.H.); (M.A.-A.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Mohammed Al-Azri
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman; (N.U.R.); (S.A.H.); (M.A.-A.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Majid Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman; (N.U.R.); (S.A.H.); (M.A.-A.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (A.A.-R.)
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman; (N.U.R.); (S.A.H.); (M.A.-A.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Kashif Rafiq
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman; (N.U.R.); (S.A.H.); (M.A.-A.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (A.A.-R.)
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman; (N.U.R.); (S.A.H.); (M.A.-A.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Rene Csuk
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman; (N.U.R.); (S.A.H.); (M.A.-A.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (A.A.-R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +968-25446328
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Avula SK, Das B, Csuk R, Al-Rawahi A, Al-Harrasi A. Recent Advances in the Stereoselective Total Synthesis of Natural Pyranones Having Long Side Chains. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25081905. [PMID: 32326105 PMCID: PMC7221952 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyranone natural products have attracted great attention in recent years from chemists and biologists due to their fascinating stereoisomeric structural features and impressive bioactivities. A large number of stereoselective total syntheses of these compounds have been described in the literature. The natural pyranones with long side chains have recently received significant importance in the synthetic field. In the present article, we aim to review the modern progress of the stereoselective total syntheses of these natural pyranones containing long-chain substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Kumar Avula
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz 616, Nizwa, Oman; (S.K.A.); (B.D.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Biswanath Das
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz 616, Nizwa, Oman; (S.K.A.); (B.D.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Rene Csuk
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, d-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz 616, Nizwa, Oman; (S.K.A.); (B.D.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz 616, Nizwa, Oman; (S.K.A.); (B.D.); (A.A.-R.)
- Correspondence: , Tel.: +968-25446328
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Khan A, Asaf S, Khan AL, Shehzad T, Al-Rawahi A, Al-Harrasi A. Comparative Chloroplast Genomics of Endangered Euphorbia Species: Insights into Hotspot Divergence, Repetitive Sequence Variation, and Phylogeny. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:plants9020199. [PMID: 32033491 PMCID: PMC7076480 DOI: 10.3390/plants9020199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Euphorbia is one of the largest genera in the Euphorbiaceae family, comprising 2000 species possessing commercial, medicinal, and ornamental importance. However, there are very little data available on their molecular phylogeny and genomics, and uncertainties still exist at a taxonomic level. Herein, we sequence the complete chloroplast (cp) genomes of two species, E. larica and E. smithii, of the genus Euphorbia through next-generation sequencing and perform a comparative analysis with nine related genomes in the family. The results revealed that the cp genomes had similar quadripartite structure, gene content, and genome organization with previously reported genomes from the same family. The size of cp genomes ranged from 162,172 to 162,358 bp with 132 and 133 genes, 8 rRNAs, 39 tRNA in E. smithii and E. larica, respectively. The numbers of protein-coding genes were 85 and 86, with each containing 19 introns. The four-junction regions were studied and results reveal that rps19 was present at JLB (large single copy region and inverted repeat b junction) in E. larica where its complete presence was located in the IRb (inverted repeat b) region in E. smithii. The sequence comparison revealed that highly divergent regions in rpoC1, rpocB, ycf3, clpP, petD, ycf1, and ndhF of the cp genomes might provide better understanding of phylogenetic inferences in the Euphorbiaceae and order Malpighiales. Phylogenetic analyses of this study illustrate sister clades of E. smithii with E. tricullii and these species form a monophyletic clade with E. larica. The current study might help us to understand the genome architecture, genetic diversity among populations, and evolutionary depiction in the genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman; (A.K.); (S.A.); (A.A.-R.)
- Genomics Group, Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8049 Bodø, Norway
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman; (A.K.); (S.A.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman; (A.K.); (S.A.); (A.A.-R.)
- Correspondence: (A.L.K.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Tariq Shehzad
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar;
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman; (A.K.); (S.A.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman; (A.K.); (S.A.); (A.A.-R.)
- Correspondence: (A.L.K.); (A.A.-H.)
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Khan AL, Asaf S, M. Abed RM, Ning Chai Y, N. Al-Rawahi A, Mohanta TK, Al-Rawahi A, Schachtman DP, Al-Harrasi A. Rhizosphere Microbiome of Arid Land Medicinal Plants and Extra Cellular Enzymes Contribute to Their Abundance. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8020213. [PMID: 32033333 PMCID: PMC7074696 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8020213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Revealing the unexplored rhizosphere microbiome of plants in arid environments can help in understanding their interactions between microbial communities and plants during harsh growth conditions. Here, we report the first investigation of rhizospheric fungal and bacterial communities of Adenium obesum, Aloe dhufarensis and Cleome austroarabica using next-generation sequencing approaches. A. obesum and A. dhufarensis grows in dry tropical and C. austroarabica in arid conditions of Arabian Peninsula. The results indicated the presence of 121 fungal and 3662 bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) whilst microbial diversity was significantly high in the rhizosphere of A. obesum and A. dhufarensis and low in C. austroarabica. Among fungal phyla, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were abundantly associated within rhizospheres of all three plants. However, Mucoromycota was only present in the rhizospheres of A. obesum and A. dhufarensis, suggesting a variation in fungal niche on the basis of host and soil types. In case of bacterial communities, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Acidobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia were predominant microbial phyla. These results demonstrated varying abundances of microbial structure across different hosts and locations in arid environments. Rhizosphere’s extracellular enzymes analysis revealed varying quantities, where, glucosidase, cellulase, esterase, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase were significantly higher in the rhizosphere of A. dhufarensis, while phosphatase and indole-acetic acid were highest in the rhizosphere of A. obesum. In conclusion, current findings usher for the first time the core microbial communities in the rhizospheric regions of three arid plants that vary greatly with location, host and soil conditions, and suggest the presence of extracellular enzymes could help in maintaining plant growth during the harsh environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman; (S.A.); (A.N.A.-R.); (T.K.M.); (A.A.-R.)
- Correspondence: (A.L.K.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman; (S.A.); (A.N.A.-R.); (T.K.M.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Raeid M. M. Abed
- Sultan Qaboos University, College of Science, Biology Department, Muscat 123, Sultanate of Oman;
| | - Yen Ning Chai
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture and Centre for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; (Y.N.C.); (D.P.S.)
| | - Ahmed N. Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman; (S.A.); (A.N.A.-R.); (T.K.M.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Tapan Kumar Mohanta
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman; (S.A.); (A.N.A.-R.); (T.K.M.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman; (S.A.); (A.N.A.-R.); (T.K.M.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Daniel P. Schachtman
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture and Centre for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; (Y.N.C.); (D.P.S.)
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman; (S.A.); (A.N.A.-R.); (T.K.M.); (A.A.-R.)
- Correspondence: (A.L.K.); (A.A.-H.)
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Khan A, Bilal S, Khan AL, Imran M, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A, Lee IJ. Silicon-mediated alleviation of combined salinity and cadmium stress in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) by regulating physio-hormonal alteration. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 188:109885. [PMID: 31704322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the physio-molecular effects of separate and combined cadmium (Cd; 200 μM) and salinity (NaCl; 100 mM) stress on date palm during silicon (Si; 1.0 mM) applications. The results showed that exogenous Si led to significant improvements in plant growth, as well as physiology when compared with non-Si-treated seedling under stressed (Cd/NaCl) conditions. Interestingly, Si application led to lower metal (Cd) uptake and enhanced plant macronutrient uptake under combined stress, in turn, alleviating the combined salinity- and Cd-induced oxidative stress by lowering the lipid peroxidation rate, and peroxidase and catalase activities. Furthermore, ascorbate peroxidase level and the cytosolic Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase expression were significantly enhanced by Si application under combined stress. We further analyzed the effect of Si on modulation of stress-related hormonal crosstalk. Si markedly downregulated endogenous salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and abscisic acid under NaCl stress and combined NaCl-Cd stress. However, during Cd toxicity alone, Si showed varying accumulation of these phytohormones. The results suggest that hindering the Cd uptake and enhancing silicon accumulation ultimately led to improvement of biomass and efficiency of the antioxidant system for alleviating combined stress. Moreover, higher transcript accumulation of PROLINE TRANSPORTER 2 and GAPDH and downregulation of ABA RECEPTOR by Si treatment under combined stress in date palm seedlings indicate the stress-ameliorative role of Si. The study provides evidence of the positive influence of Si on alleviating the combined toxicity of Cd and NaCl in date palm and can be further extended for field trials in Cd- and salinity-affected areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Saqib Bilal
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman.
| | - Muhammad Imran
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman.
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - In-Jung Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
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Ullah H, Khan A, Rehman NU, Halim SA, Khan H, Khan I, Csuk R, Al-Rawahi A, Al-Hatmi S, Al-Harrasi A. Lophenol and lathosterol from resin of Commiphora kua possess hepatoprotective effects in vivo. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 252:112558. [PMID: 31926985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Drug induced liver damage remains a prevalent concern in healthcare and may reduce the effectiveness of therapy by compromising therapeutic regimens. Many Commiphora species are known for their medicinal properties, and some of them are used traditionally for hepatoprotective effect. In the course of our drugs discovery from natural sources, phytosterols (lophenol (Lop) and lathosterol (Lat)), isolated from Commiphora kua were studied to evaluate their hepatoprotective effects in acetaminophen (APAP) induced hepatotoxicity in mice. AIMS AND OBJECTIVE To evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of phytosterols isolated from C. kua using in vivo experimental model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice of either sex were divided into 7 groups: Vehicle, silymarin (SLY), acetaminophen (APAP), Lop 25, Lop 50, Lat 25, Lat 50 (n = 5). Vehicle group received only vehicle (0.1% DMSO solution) for 7 days, APAP group received single dose of acetaminophen on day 7 and SLY group received silymarin for 7 days. Lop 25 and Lop 50 received low and high doses of Lop (25 μg/kg BW and 50 μg/kg BW), respectively, for 7 days, while Lat 25 and Lat 50 received low and high doses of Lat (25 μg/kg BW and 50 μg/kg BW) for 7 days. On day 7, all animals except Vehicle group kept fasted for 18 h and received APAP i. p. 400 mg/kg BW. After 20 h of APAP administration, the animals anesthetized with light chloroform and scarified by cervical decapitation. The blood serum and liver tissue samples were collected for biochemical and histopathological analysis. Liver function tests (LFTs) including lactate deydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and direct bilirubin) were used as biochemical parameters. While catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were taken as anti-oxidant enzymes. RESULTS Significant increase in levels of ALT, AST, ALP, LDH and direct bilirubin, and significant decrease in concentration of anti-oxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and GSH) was observed in APAP-treated group. Similarly, histological slides showed obvious signs of damage to liver cells, reflecting acetaminophen induced hepatotoxicity. Treatment of test animals with phytosterols resulted in significant recovery of LFTs profile and concentration of anti-oxidant enzymes. Similarly, significant improvement of liver tissues was noted in histological analysis. CONCLUSIONS Both phytosterols possessed hepatoprotective potential and should be further evaluated for acute toxicity studies and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hammad Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Swabi, Swabi, 23430, Pakistan
| | - Rene Csuk
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Saif Al-Hatmi
- Oman Botanic Garden, Diwan of Royal Court, P.O. Box 808, PC 122, Muscat, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman.
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Khan A, Kamran M, Imran M, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A, Al-Amri I, Lee IJ, Khan AL. Silicon and salicylic acid confer high-pH stress tolerance in tomato seedlings. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19788. [PMID: 31874969 PMCID: PMC6930214 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55651-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkalinity is a known threat to crop plant growth and production, yet the role of exogenous silicon (Si) and salicylic acid (SA) application has been largely unexplored. Here, we sought to understand the beneficial impacts of Si and SA on tomato seedlings during high-pH (9.0) stress. Results showed that Si- and SA-treated plants displayed higher biomass, chlorophyll contents, relative leaf water and better root system than none-treated plants under alkaline conditions. Both Si and SA counteracted the alkaline stress-induced oxidative damage by lowering the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. The major antioxidant defence enzyme activities were largely stimulated by Si and SA, and these treatments caused significantly increased K+ and lowered Na+ concentrations in shoot and root under stress. Moreover, Si and SA treatments modulated endogenous SA levels and dramatically decreased abscisic acid levels in both shoot and root. Additionally, key genes involved in Si uptake, SA biosynthesis, the antioxidant defence system and rhizosphere acidification were up-regulated in Si and SA treatments under alkaline conditions. These results demonstrate that Si and SA play critical roles in improving alkaline stress tolerance in tomato seedlings, by modifying the endogenous Na+ and K+ contents, regulating oxidative damage and key genes and modulating endogenous hormone levels. These findings will help to broaden our understanding regarding the physiological and molecular mechanisms associated with the alkaline soil tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Plant Transport and Signalling Lab, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Imran
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman.
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Issa Al-Amri
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - In-Jung Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman.
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Asaf S, Khan A, Khan AL, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A. Complete Chloroplast Genomes of Vachellia nilotica and Senegalia senegal: Comparative Genomics and Phylogenomic Placement in a New Generic System. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225469. [PMID: 31765416 PMCID: PMC6876885 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vachellia and Senegalia are the most important genera in the subfamily Mimosoideae (Fabaceae). Recently, species from both genera were separated from the long-characterized Acacia due to their macro-morphological characteristics. However, this morpho-taxonomic differentiation struggles to discriminate some species, for example, Vachellia nilotica and Senegalia senegal. Therefore, sequencing the chloroplast (cp) genomes of these species and determining their phylogenetic placement via conserved genes may help to validate the taxonomy. Hence, we sequenced the cp genomes of V. nilotica and S. senegal, and the results showed that the sizes of the genomes are 165.3 and 162.7 kb, respectively. The cp genomes of both species comprised large single-copy regions (93,849~91,791 bp) and pairs of inverted repeats (IR; 26,093~26,008 bp). The total numbers of genes found in the V. nilotica and S. senegal cp genomes were 135 and 132, respectively. Approximately 123:130 repeats and 290:281 simple sequence repeats were found in the S. senegal and V. nilotica cp genomes, respectively. Genomic characterization was undertaken by comparing these genomes with those of 17 species belonging to related genera in Fabaceae. A phylogenetic analysis of the whole genome dataset and 56 shared genes was undertaken by generating cladograms with the same topologies and placing both species in a new generic system. These results support the likelihood of identifying segregate genera from Acacia with phylogenomic disposition of both V. nilotica and S. senegal in the subfamily Mimosoideae. The current study is the first to obtain complete genomic information on both species and may help to elucidate the genome architecture of these species and evaluate the genetic diversity among species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Asaf
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Arif Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
- Genomics Group, Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodo, Norway
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
- * E-mail: (ALK); (AAH)
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
- * E-mail: (ALK); (AAH)
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
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Khan A, Khan AL, Muneer S, Kim YH, Al-Rawahi A, Al-Harrasi A. Silicon and Salinity: Crosstalk in Crop-Mediated Stress Tolerance Mechanisms. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:1429. [PMID: 31787997 PMCID: PMC6853871 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress hinders the growth potential and productivity of crop plants by influencing photosynthesis, disturbing the osmotic and ionic concentrations, producing excessive oxidants and radicals, regulating endogenous phytohormonal functions, counteracting essential metabolic pathways, and manipulating the patterns of gene expression. In response, plants adopt counter mechanistic cascades of physio-biochemical and molecular signaling to overcome salinity stress; however, continued exposure can overwhelm the defense system, resulting in cell death and the collapse of essential apparatuses. Improving plant vigor and defense responses can thus increase plant stress tolerance and productivity. Alternatively, the quasi-essential element silicon (Si)-the second-most abundant element in the Earth's crust-is utilized by plants and applied exogenously to combat salinity stress and improve plant growth by enhancing physiological, metabolomic, and molecular responses. In the present review, we elucidate the potential role of Si in ameliorating salinity stress in crops and the possible mechanisms underlying Si-associated stress tolerance in plants. This review also underlines the need for future research to evaluate the role of Si in salinity stress in plants and the identification of gaps in the understanding of this process as a whole at a broader field level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Sowbiya Muneer
- School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Yoon-Ha Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
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Khan A, Al-Harrasi A, Rehman NU, Sarwar R, Ahmad T, Ghaffar R, Khan H, Al-Amri I, Csuk R, Al-Rawahi A. Loading AKBA on surface of silver nanoparticles to improve their sedative-hypnotic and anti-inflammatory efficacies. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:2783-2798. [PMID: 31617445 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) is a potent anti-inflammatory compound limited by its low water solubility and bioavailability. To load AKBA on silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to improve bioavailability and water solubility of the compound. Materials & methods: AKBA-AgNPs were chemically synthesized and characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. AKBA and AKBA-Ag were studied for their sedative-hypnotic and anti-inflammatory efficacies. Results: Pretreatment with AKBA or AKBA-Ag caused significant dose-dependent sedative-hypnotic effects at 5 and 10 mg/kg intraperitoneal. The effects of AKBA-loaded AgNPs caused pronounced changes in mice compared with those of AKBA, and the AKBA-AgNPs demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects that were superior to those of AKBA. Conclusion: The loading of AKBA on nanoparticles improved its pharmacokinetic effects, and capacity for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajmal Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Rizwana Sarwar
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Touqeer Ahmad
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman.,Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Rukhsana Ghaffar
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Lower Dir, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Issa Al-Amri
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Rene Csuk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
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Avula SK, Khan A, Halim SA, Al-Abri Z, Anwar MU, Al-Rawahi A, Csuk R, Al-Harrasi A. Synthesis of novel (R)-4-fluorophenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazoles: A new class of α-glucosidase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2019; 91:103182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Khan A, Asaf S, Khan AL, Khan A, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Sudairy O, AbdulKareem NM, Al-Saady N, Al-Rawahi A. Complete chloroplast genomes of medicinally important Teucrium species and comparative analyses with related species from Lamiaceae. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7260. [PMID: 31328036 PMCID: PMC6625504 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Teucrium is one of the most economically and ecologically important genera in the Lamiaceae family; however, it is currently the least well understood at the plastome level. In the current study, we sequenced the complete chloroplast (cp) genomes of T. stocksianum subsp. stenophyllum R.A.King (TSS), T. stocksianum subsp. stocksianum Boiss. (TS) and T. mascatense Boiss. (TM) through next-generation sequencing and compared them with the cp genomes of related species in Lamiaceae (Ajuga reptans L., Caryopteris mongholica Bunge, Lamium album L., Lamium galeobdolon (L.) Crantz, and Stachys byzantina K.Koch). The results revealed that the TSS, TS and TM cp genomes have sizes of 150,087, 150,076 and 150,499 bp, respectively. Similarly, the large single-copy (LSC) regions of TSS, TS and TM had sizes of 81,707, 81,682 and 82,075 bp, respectively. The gene contents and orders of these genomes were similar to those of other angiosperm species. However, various differences were observed at the inverted repeat (IR) junctions, and the extent of the IR expansion into ψrps19 was 58 bp, 23 bp and 61 bp in TSS, TS and TM, respectively. Similarly, in all genomes, the pbsA gene was present in the LSC at varying distances from the JLA (IRa-LSC) junction. Furthermore, 89, 72, and 92 repeats were identified in the TSS, TM and TS cp genomes, respectively. The highest number of simple sequence repeats was found in TSS (128), followed by TS (127) and TM (121). Pairwise alignments of the TSS cp genome with related cp genomes showed a high degree of synteny. However, relatively lower sequence identity was observed when various coding regions were compared to those of related cp genomes. The average pairwise divergence among the complete cp genomes showed that TSS was more divergent from TM (0.018) than from TS (0.006). The current study provides valuable genomic insight into the genus Teucrium and its subspecies that may be applied to a more comprehensive study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Adil Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Omar Al-Sudairy
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | | | | | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
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Al-Harrasi A, Khan A, Rehman NU, Al-Shidhani S, Karim N, Khan I, Halim SA, Al-Rawahi A, Hussain J, Csuk R. Evidence for the involvement of a GABAergic mechanism in the effectiveness of natural and synthetically modified incensole derivatives in neuropharmacological disorders: A computational and pharmacological approach. Phytochemistry 2019; 163:58-74. [PMID: 31015070 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the course of our continuing exploration for novel bioactive lead compounds (s) from the species Boswellia, we have recently reported incensole derivatives isolated from Boswellia papyrifera Hochst. Given the known antidepressant-like effects of incensole and incensole acetate, we herein present that the low dose intraperitoneal administration of incensole derivatives, namely, incensfuran and incensone, showed significant antidepressant-like effects in the forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). Furthermore, these compounds were evaluated for their anxiolytic potential in the elevated plus maze (EPM) and light dark box (LDB) tests and anticonvulsant effects in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizure tests. In the EPM test, administration of these compounds led to dose-dependent increases in open arm entries and in the time spent in EPM open arms. Similar results were obtained in the LDB test, wherein compounds these caused significant increases in the number of transitions between lit and dark compartments and the time spent in the lit compartment. The anxiolytic-like effects in the EPM were not reversed by pretreatment with flumazenil, whereas PTZ and bicuculline (BIC) completely abolished the anxiolytic effects, showing the involvement of the non-benzodiazepine binding sites of GABAA receptors. All four compounds induced significantly elevated brain GABA levels, indicating the involvement of a GABAergic mechanism. Additionally, molecular docking was conducted to elucidate the mode of action for the anxiolytic and anticonvulsant effects of these derivatives. Moreover, these compounds also possess drug-like properties and excellent ADMET profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman.
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Sulaiman Al-Shidhani
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Nasiara Karim
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (Lower), KPK, Pakistan
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Swabi, KPK, Pakistan; Department of Biochemistry, Kinnaird College for Women, 93-Jail Road, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Javid Hussain
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Rene Csuk
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
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Ali A, Mohanta TK, Asaf S, Rehman N, Al-Housni S, Al-Harrasi A, Khan AL, Al-Rawahi A. Biotransformation of benzoin by Sphingomonas sp. LK11 and ameliorative effects on growth of Cucumis sativus. Arch Microbiol 2019; 201:591-601. [PMID: 30714085 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-019-01623-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant endophytes play vital role in plant growth promotion as well as in abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. They also mediate biotransformation of complex organic materials to simpler and useful by-product. Therefore, the role of plant endophyte in plant growth promotion and stress tolerance has gained considerable attention in recent days. Sphingomonas sp. LK11 is an important plant endophyte that actively regulates plant growth. However, the biotransformation and stress tolerance potential of Sphingomonas sp. LK11 was yet to be elucidated. Therefore, we studied the biotransformation of benzoin by Sphingomonas sp. LK11. We found that, Sphingomonans sp. LK11 biotransformed benzoin to benzamide. Further application of benzamide to Cucumis sativus led to decrease in agronomic potential of C. sativus as benzamide acts as an abiotic stress agent. However, the application of Sphingomonas sp. LK11 inoculums with benzamide reverted back the agronomic trait of the plants, suggesting the role of Sphingomonas sp. LK11 in biotransformation and abiotic stress tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Ali
- Natural and Medicinal Plant Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Tapan Kumar Mohanta
- Natural and Medicinal Plant Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman.
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural and Medicinal Plant Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Najeebur Rehman
- Natural and Medicinal Plant Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Saif Al-Housni
- Natural and Medicinal Plant Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medicinal Plant Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural and Medicinal Plant Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medicinal Plant Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
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Shamraiz U, Hussain H, Ur Rehman N, Al-Shidhani S, Saeed A, Khan HY, Khan A, Fischer L, Csuk R, Badshah A, Al-Rawahi A, Hussain J, Al-Harrasi A. Synthesis of new boswellic acid derivatives as potential antiproliferative agents. Nat Prod Res 2019; 34:1845-1852. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1564295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Umair Shamraiz
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hidayat Hussain
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle, Germany
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Sulaiman Al-Shidhani
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Aasim Saeed
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Husain Yar Khan
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ajmal Khan
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Lucie Fischer
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - René Csuk
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Amin Badshah
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Javid Hussain
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
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Khan A, Asaf S, Khan AL, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Sudairy O, AbdulKareem NM, Khan A, Shehzad T, Alsaady N, Al-Lawati A, Al-Rawahi A, Shinwari ZK. First complete chloroplast genomics and comparative phylogenetic analysis of Commiphora gileadensis and C. foliacea: Myrrh producing trees. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0208511. [PMID: 30629590 PMCID: PMC6328178 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Commiphora gileadensis and C. foliacea (family Burseraceae) are pantropical in nature and known for producing fragrant resin (myrrh). Both the tree species are economically and medicinally important however, least genomic understanding is available for this genus. Herein, we report the complete chloroplast genome sequences of C. gileadensis and C. foliacea and comparative analysis with related species (C. wightii and Boswellia sacra). A modified chloroplast DNA extraction method was adopted, followed with next generation sequencing, detailed bioinformatics and PCR analyses. The results revealed that the cp genome sizes of C. gileadensis and C. foliacea, are 160,268 and 160,249 bp, respectively, with classic quadripartite structures that comprises of inverted repeat's pair. Overall, the organization of these cp genomes, GC contents, gene order, and codon usage were comparable to other cp genomes in angiosperm. Approximately, 198 and 175 perfect simple sequence repeats were detected in C. gileadensis and C. foliacea genomes, respectively. Similarly, 30 and 25 palindromic, 15 and 25 forward, and 20 and 25 tandem repeats were determined in both the cp genomes, respectively. Comparison of these complete cp genomes with C. wightii and B. sacra revealed significant sequence resemblance and comparatively highest deviation in intergenic spacers. The phylo-genomic comparison showed that C. gileadensis and C. foliacea form a single clade with previously reported C. wightii and B. sacra from family Burseraceae. Current study reports for the first time the cp genomics of species from Commiphora, which could be helpful in understanding genetic diversity and phylogeny of this myrrh producing species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Omar Al-Sudairy
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | | | - Adil Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Shehzad
- Plant Genome Mapping Lab, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Nadiya Alsaady
- Oman Animal & Plant Genetic Resources Center, The Research Council, Muscat, Oman
| | - Ali Al-Lawati
- Oman Animal & Plant Genetic Resources Center, The Research Council, Muscat, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
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Khan AL, Mabood F, Akber F, Ali A, Shahzad R, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A, Shinwari ZK, Lee IJ. Endogenous phytohormones of frankincense producing Boswellia sacra tree populations. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207910. [PMID: 30566477 PMCID: PMC6300221 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Boswellia sacra, an endemic tree to Oman, is exposed to man-made incisions for commercial level frankincense production, whereas unsustainable harvesting may lead to population decline. In this case, assessment of endogenous phytohormones (gibberellic acid (GA), indole-acetic acid (IAA), salicylic acid (SA) and kinetin) can help to understand population health and growth dynamics. Hence, it was aimed to devise a robust method using Near-Infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) coupled with multivariate methods for phytohormone analysis of thirteen different populations of B. sacra. NIRS data was recorded in absorption mode (10000-4000 cm-1) to build partial least squares regression model (calibration set 70%). Model was externally cross validated (30%) as a test set to check their prediction ability before the application to quantify the unknown amount of phytohormones in thirteen different populations of B. sacra. The results showed that phytohormonal contents varied significantly, showing a trend of SA>GA/IAA>kinetin across different populations. SA and GA contents were significantly higher in Pop13 (Hasik), followed by Pop2 (Dowkah)-an extreme end of B. sacra tree cover in Dhofar region. A similar trend in the concentration of phytohormones was found when the samples from 13 populations were subjected to advance liquid chromatography mass spectrophotometer and gas chromatograph with selected ion monitor analysis. The current analysis provides alternative tool to assess plant health, which could be important to in situ propagation of tree population as well as monitoring tree population growth dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Fazal Mabood
- Department of Biological Sciences & Chemistry, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Fazal Akber
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Amjad Ali
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Raheem Shahzad
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | | | - In-Jung Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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Khan AL, Asaf S, Lee IJ, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A. First reported chloroplast genome sequence of Punica granatum (cultivar Helow) from Jabal Al-Akhdar, Oman: phylogenetic comparative assortment with Lagerstroemia. Genetica 2018; 146:461-474. [PMID: 30159822 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-018-0037-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is one of the oldest known edible fruits. It has grown in popularity and is a profitable fruit crop due to its attractive features including a bright red appearance and its biological activities. Scientific exploration of the genetics and evolution of these beneficial traits has been hampered by limited genomic information. In this study, we sequenced the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of the native P. granatum (cultivar Helow) cultivated in the mountains of Jabal Al-Akhdar, Oman. The results revealed a P. granatum cp genome length of 158,630 bp, characterized by a relatively conserved structure containing 2 inverted repeat regions of 25,466 bp, an 18,686 bp small single copy regions, and an 89,015 bp large single copy region. The 86 protein-coding genes included 37 transfer RNA genes and 8 ribosomal RNA genes. Comparison of the P. granatum whole cp genome with seven Lagerstroemia species revealed an overall high degree of sequence similarity with divergence among intergenic spacers. The location, distribution, and divergence of repeat sequences and shared genes of the Punica and Lagerstroemia species were highly similar. Analyses of nucleotide substitution, insertion/deletions, and highly variable regions in these cp genomes identified potential plastid markers for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies in Myrtales. A phylogenetic study of the cp genomes and 76 shared coding regions generated similar cladograms. The complete cp genome of P. granatum will aid in taxonomical studies of the family Lythraceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616, Nizwa, Oman
| | - In-Jung Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616, Nizwa, Oman.
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616, Nizwa, Oman
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Khan AL, Asaf S, Lee IJ, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A. First chloroplast genomics study of Phoenix dactylifera (var. Naghal and Khanezi): A comparative analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200104. [PMID: 30063732 PMCID: PMC6067692 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is one of the oldest fruit crops in the arid regions of the Middle East. However, little information is available regarding its plastid genomes. In this study, we sequenced the chloroplast (cp) genomes of two economically important but genomically unexplored date palm cultivars of Phoenix dactylifera (var. Naghal and Khanezi). The data assembly and genome annotation revealed a typical quadripartite structure similar to Arecaceae, and the genome sizes of Naghal and Khanezi were 158,210 bp and 158,211 bp, respectively. Structurally, both cp genomes were comprised of four regions: a pair of inverted repeats (27,273 bp for Khanezi and for Naghal 27,272 bp), a large single-copy region (86,090 bp and 86,092 bp) and a small single-copy region (17,575 bp and 17,574 bp). Both genomes had 138 representative genes, whereas 227 and 229 randomly distributed microsatellites were also observed in Khanezi and Naghal, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on the whole cp genomes and 68 shared genes showed identical phylogenetic trees of Khanezi and Naghal forming clades with Khalas and Aseel cultivars, respectively. The current study showed detailed comparative cp genome analysis, which could be essential for broader population genetics and molecular studies of these four date palm cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - In-Jung Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
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Rehman NU, Abed RMM, Hussain H, Khan HY, Khan A, Khan AL, Ali M, Al-Nasri A, Al-Harrasi K, Al-Rawahi AN, Wadood A, Al-Rawahi A, Al-Harrasi A. Anti-proliferative potential of cyclotetrapeptides from Bacillus velezensis RA5401 and their molecular docking on G-Protein-Coupled Receptors. Microb Pathog 2018; 123:419-425. [PMID: 30075241 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Elucidation of bioactive chemical compounds from rhizobacteria is highly utilized in pharmaceuticals and naturopathy, due to their health benefits to human and plants. In current study, four cyclopeptides along with one phenyl amide were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of Bacillus velezensis sp. RA5401. Their structures were determined and characterized as cycle (L-prolyl-L-leucyl)2 (1), cyclo (L-prolyl-l-valine)2 (2), cycle (L-phenylanalyl-L-propyl)2 (3), cyclo (D-pro-L-tyr-L-pro-L-tyr)2 (4) and N-(2-phenylethyl)acetamide (5) on the basis of electron spray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques and comparison with the literature data. The five compounds have been isolated for the first time from this species. The effect of various concentrations of these compounds on the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells was examined. It was found that 1 and 2 induced concentration-independent anti-proliferative effects, while 3, 4 and 5 inhibited cancer cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, to determine the suitable binding targets of these compounds within cancer cell line, detailed target prediction and comparative molecular-docking studies were performed. The compounds 1 and 2 hit intracellular anti-cancer targets of proteases family, while compounds 3, 4 and 5 interacted with different membrane receptors of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs). In conclusion, the Bacillus velezensis RA5401 can be an ideal strain to produce anti-proliferative constituents at industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Raeid M M Abed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Hidayat Hussain
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Husain Yar Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Abdul L Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Majid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Al-Nasri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Khalid Al-Harrasi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Ahmed N Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, 616, Oman.
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Abstract
In this study, we determined the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of Phoenix dactylifera var. Khanezi. The results revealed a circular genome of 715,120 bp, having G + C content of 45.1%, containing 40 protein coding genes, 3 rRNA, and 18 rRNA genes. Evolutionary relationship analysis suggested that P. dactylifera var. Khanezi is more closely related to previously reported P. dactylifera var. Khalas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Asaf
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
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Khan AL, Asaf S, Al-Rawahi A, Lee IJ, Al-Harrasi A. Rhizospheric microbial communities associated with wild and cultivated frankincense producing Boswellia sacra tree. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186939. [PMID: 29053752 PMCID: PMC5650177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Boswellia sacra, a frankincense producing endemic tree, has been well known for its cultural, religious and economic values. However, the tree has been least explored for the associated microsymbiota in the rhizosphere. The current study elucidates the fungal and bacterial communities of the rhizospheric regions of the wild and cultivated B. sacra tree populations through next generation sequencing. The sequence analysis showed the existence of 1006±8.9 and 60.6±3.1 operational taxonomic unit (OTUs) for bacterial and fungal communities respectively. In fungal communities, five major phyla were found with significantly higher abundance of Ascomycota (60.3%) in wild population and Basidiomycota (52%) in cultivated tree rhizospheres. Among bacterial communities, 31 major phyla were found, with significant distribution of Actinobacteria in wild tree rhizospheres, whereas Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria were highly abundant in cultivated trees. The diversity and abundance of microbiome varied significantly depending upon soil characteristics of the three different populations. In addition, significantly higher glucosidases, cellulases and indole-3-acetic acid were found in cultivated tree’s rhizospheres as compared to wild tree populations. for these plants to survive the harsh arid-land environmental conditions. The current study is a first comprehensive work and advances our knowledge about the core fungal and bacterial microbial microbiome associated with this economically important tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Latif Khan
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - In-Jung Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
- * E-mail:
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Rehman NU, Hussain H, Al-Broumi MA, Khiat M, Csuk R, Al-Rawahi A, Khan AL, Mabood F, Green IR, Al-Harrasi A. Composition and Biological Activities of different Date Seed varieties ( Phoenix dactylifera) of Oman: Cultivation Zone Influence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.5138/09750185.1870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
<p>Date (<em>Phoenix dactylifera</em> L.) seeds (pits) account for ca. 10% of the date fruit and it is the date pits that present a major problem to the date palm industry in the USA as a waste product. Currently date pits are employed as a food source for animals and poultry, as a soil fertilizer and also as a road base gravel In order to understand the varietal effects of Omani date seeds on the nutritional properties of dates and to explore the use of this waste product from the food industry, twenty two native date seeds (<em>Phoenix dactylifera</em> L.) including the varieties; Qushbu Narenjahn, Fardh, Naghal, Manhi, Qush Balquan, Helali Oman, Khasab, Seedi, Qush Jabrin, Khalas, Qush Basrah, Qushbu Maan, Handal, Khunaizi, Qush Mamoor, Barshi, Barni, Azad, Zabad, Qush Tabak, Qush LuLu, and Halali Alhasa were collected from six regions of the Sultanate of Oman and were examined for their nutritional value, antioxidant and urease properties. Energy values, dry matter, and carbohydrate level were the predominant components examined in the date seeds , followed by fiber, moisture, along with small amounts of ash, protein, and fat. The results of the 22 varieties of date seeds showed a significant energy value of between 283.0 to 407.9 kcal/100g, dry matter of between 93.3%-96.3%, carbohydrate content of between 43.8%-80.6%, moisture in the range of 4.3%-6.6%), fat in the range of 5.0%-10.9%, ash content of between 0.73%-1.08%, protein content of 0.2%-6.9% and fiber content of between 5.0%-32.5%. Furthermore the antioxidant potential ranged between 7.4 - 88.3% depending upon the type of date seeds and location of samples. In this regard the Handal date seeds collected from Al-Hamra showed the highest antioxidant potential with 88.3% inhibition. Similarly urease inhibition ranged from 0.94-70.3% and Qush Tabak date seeds collected from Al-Hamra demonstrated the highest urease potential with 70.3% inhibition. It is noteworthy that Qush Basrah, Seedi, Qush Balquan, and Handal date seeds have significantly higher nutritional attributes compared to the rest in the study group. Moreover Fardh, Khasab, Khalas, and Handal date seeds collected from more than one region of Oman showed variation in some nutritional values. The nutritional analysis further demonstrated the correlation of proximate parameters in different regions of Oman. Results of the current investigation indicate a promising and significant potential for date seeds to be used as a supplementary source of a healthy diet as well as in specific pharmaceutical applications.</p>
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Khan AL, Al-Harrasi A, Asaf S, Park CE, Park GS, Khan AR, Lee IJ, Al-Rawahi A, Shin JH. The First Chloroplast Genome Sequence of Boswellia sacra, a Resin-Producing Plant in Oman. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169794. [PMID: 28085925 PMCID: PMC5235384 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Boswellia sacra (Burseraceae), a keystone endemic species, is famous for the production of fragrant oleo-gum resin. However, the genetic make-up especially the genomic information about chloroplast is still unknown. Here, we described for the first time the chloroplast (cp) genome of B. sacra. The complete cp sequence revealed a circular genome of 160,543 bp size with 37.61% GC content. The cp genome is a typical quadripartite chloroplast structure with inverted repeats (IRs 26,763 bp) separated by small single copy (SSC; 18,962 bp) and large single copy (LSC; 88,055 bp) regions. De novo assembly and annotation showed the presence of 114 unique genes with 83 protein-coding regions. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the B. sacra cp genome is closely related to the cp genome of Azadirachta indica and Citrus sinensis, while most of the syntenic differences were found in the non-coding regions. The pairwise distance among 76 shared genes of B. sacra and A. indica was highest for atpA, rpl2, rps12 and ycf1. The cp genome of B. sacra reveals a novel genome, which could be used for further studied to understand its diversity, taxonomy and phylogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Latif Khan
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants & Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants & Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Eon Park
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Seok Park
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Abdur Rahim Khan
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jung Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants & Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Jae-Ho Shin
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Raees MA, Hussain H, Al-Rawahi A, Csuk R, Muhammad SA, Khan HY, Rehman NU, Abbas G, Al-Broumi MA, Green IR, Elyassi A, Mahmood T, Al-Harrasi A. Anti-proliferative and computational studies of two new pregnane glycosides from Desmidorchis flava. Bioorg Chem 2016; 67:95-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Rehman NU, Hussain H, Al-Riyami SA, Csuk R, Khiat M, Abbas G, Al-Rawahi A, Green IR, Ahmed I, Al-Harrasi A. Lyciumaside and Lyciumate: A New Diacylglycoside and Sesquiterpene Lactone fromLycium shawii. Helv Chim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201600066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Najeeb Ur Rehman
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products; University of Nizwa; P.O. Box 33 Postal Code 616 Birkat Al Mauz Nizwa Sultanate of Oman
| | - Hidayat Hussain
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products; University of Nizwa; P.O. Box 33 Postal Code 616 Birkat Al Mauz Nizwa Sultanate of Oman
| | - Samia Ahmed Al-Riyami
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products; University of Nizwa; P.O. Box 33 Postal Code 616 Birkat Al Mauz Nizwa Sultanate of Oman
| | - René Csuk
- Organische Chemie; Martin-Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg; Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2 DE-06120 Halle
| | - Mohammed Khiat
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products; University of Nizwa; P.O. Box 33 Postal Code 616 Birkat Al Mauz Nizwa Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products; University of Nizwa; P.O. Box 33 Postal Code 616 Birkat Al Mauz Nizwa Sultanate of Oman
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry; University of Nizwa; P.O. Box 33 Postal Code 616 Birkat Al Mauz Nizwa Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products; University of Nizwa; P.O. Box 33 Postal Code 616 Birkat Al Mauz Nizwa Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ivan R. Green
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science; University of Stellenbosch; P/Bag X1 Matieland 7602 South Africa
| | - Ishtiaq Ahmed
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); DFG Centre for Functional Nanostructures; Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße 1a DE-76131 Karlsruhe
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products; University of Nizwa; P.O. Box 33 Postal Code 616 Birkat Al Mauz Nizwa Sultanate of Oman
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Khan AL, Ullah I, Hussain J, Kang SM, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A, Lee IJ. Regulations of essential amino acids and proteomics of bacterial endophytes Sphingomonas sp. Lk11 during cadmium uptake. Environ Toxicol 2016; 31:887-896. [PMID: 25533023 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Endophytic bacteria have been recently known for their potential to bioaccumulate metal from contaminated mediums. However, little is known about the physiological responses of phytohormone producing (gibberellins and auxins) endophytes during metal stressed environment. Endophytic bacteria Sphingomonas sp. LK11 was assessed for metals bioaccumulation and its physiological responses towards metal stress. The endophyte was grown in cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), aluminum (Al), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) contaminated mediums. The results revealed significantly higher endophytic growth potentials in Cd, Cu and Zn contaminations; however, the bio-accumulation rate of Cd was more prolific as compared to Zn and Cu. Interestingly, the SDS-PAGE profile showed increased expressions of proteins in Zn and Cu than in Cd. A similar attenuate response of amino acids was also observed for Cd than in case of Zn and Cu. Only asparagine, glutamate and proline showed significant impact in Cd while Cu and Zn had significantly higher responses of almost all amino acids. Detailed protein profile showed the activation of chaperone, antioxidative and detoxification proteins. Increased regulations of oxidoreductases, superoxide dismutase, thioredoxin, malate dehydrogenase, 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase, 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase, and dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase were observed. The cellular defense-related protein responses were potent against Cd stress. The results conclude that Sphingomonas sp. LK11 reprogram its amino acids and proteomic expressions and maintain a steady growth during Cd stress. Using such phytohromones producing endophytic bacterium can be ideal approach to increase the phytoextraction potential of metal remediating plants. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 887-896, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Latif Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, University of Nizwa, 66, Oman
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Ihsan Ullah
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Javid Hussain
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, University of Nizwa, 66, Oman
| | - Sang-Mo Kang
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, University of Nizwa, 66, Oman
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, University of Nizwa, 66, Oman
| | - In-Jung Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
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Khan AL, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A, Al-Farsi Z, Al-Mamari A, Waqas M, Asaf S, Elyassi A, Mabood F, Shin JH, Lee IJ. Endophytic Fungi from Frankincense Tree Improves Host Growth and Produces Extracellular Enzymes and Indole Acetic Acid. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158207. [PMID: 27359330 PMCID: PMC4928835 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Boswellia sacra, an economically important frankincense-producing tree found in the desert woodlands of Oman, is least known for its endophytic fungal diversity and the potential of these fungi to produce extracellular enzymes and auxins. We isolated various fungal endophytes belonging to Eurotiales (11.8%), Chaetomiaceae (17.6%), Incertae sadis (29.5%), Aureobasidiaceae (17.6%), Nectriaceae (5.9%) and Sporomiaceae (17.6%) from the phylloplane (leaf) and caulosphere (stem) of the tree. Endophytes were identified using genomic DNA extraction, PCR amplification and sequencing the internal transcribed spacer regions, whereas a detailed phylogenetic analysis of the same gene fragment was made with homologous sequences. The endophytic colonization rate was significantly higher in the leaf (5.33%) than the stem (0.262%). The Shannon-Weiner diversity index was H′ 0.8729, while Simpson index was higher in the leaf (0.583) than in the stem (0.416). Regarding the endophytic fungi’s potential for extracellular enzyme production, fluorogenic 4-methylumbelliferone standards and substrates were used to determine the presence of cellulases, phosphatases and glucosidases in the pure culture. Among fungal strains, Penicillum citrinum BSL17 showed significantly higher amounts of glucosidases (62.15±1.8 μM-1min-1mL) and cellulases (62.11±1.6 μM-1min-1mL), whereas Preussia sp. BSL10 showed significantly higher secretion of glucosidases (69.4±0.79 μM-1min-1mL) and phosphatases (3.46±0.31μM-1min-1mL) compared to other strains. Aureobasidium sp. BSS6 and Preussia sp. BSL10 showed significantly higher potential for indole acetic acid production (tryptophan-dependent and independent pathways). Preussia sp. BSL10 was applied to the host B. sacra tree saplings, which exhibited significant improvements in plant growth parameters and accumulation of photosynthetic pigments. The current study concluded that endophytic microbial resources producing extracellular enzymes and auxin could establish a unique niche for ecological adaptation during symbiosis with the host Frankincense tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Latif Khan
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants & Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants & Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
- * E-mail: (AAH); (IJL)
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants & Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Zainab Al-Farsi
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants & Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Aza Al-Mamari
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants & Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ali Elyassi
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants & Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Fazal Mabood
- UoN Chair of Oman’s Medicinal Plants & Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Jae-Ho Shin
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jung Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (AAH); (IJL)
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Ali L, Khan AL, Hussain J, Al-Harrasi A, Waqas M, Kang SM, Al-Rawahi A, Lee IJ. Sorokiniol: a new enzymes inhibitory metabolite from fungal endophyte Bipolaris sorokiniana LK12. BMC Microbiol 2016; 16:103. [PMID: 27277006 PMCID: PMC4899901 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-016-0722-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medicinal plants harboring endophytic fungi could carry significant potential for producing bioactive secondary metabolites. Endophytic fungi serve as alternate source of interesting compounds in their natural and modified synthetic forms to treat different diseases. In this regard, endophytic microflora associated with alkaloid-rich medicinal plants Rhazya stricta is least known. RESULTS We isolated one new bioactive compound sorokiniol (1) along with two known cyclic peptides BZR-cotoxin I (2) and BZR-cotoxin IV (3) from fungal endophyte Bipolaris sorokiniana LK12. The structures of the isolated new and known compounds were elucidated through spectroscopic data, including 1D and 2D NMR ((1)H, (13)C, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY), mass, and UV. The known peptides (2-3) were characterized by ESI-MS, MS/MS, and by comparing the NMR data with the literature. The isolated metabolites were assayed for their role against enzyme inhibition. Compound 1 was significantly inhibitory towards acetyl cholinestrase while the other compounds (2-3) had moderate anti-lipid peroxidation and urease activities. CONCLUSION The present results suggest that the endophytic microorganism associated with indigenously important medicinal plants can offer a rich source of biologically active chemical constituents which could help in discovering enzyme inhibitory lead drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liaqat Ali
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Sultanate of Oman.
| | - Javid Hussain
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al-Mouz, Nizwa, 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Sultanate of Oman.
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Sang-Mo Kang
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - In-Jung Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Khan AL, Asaf S, Khan AR, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A, Lee IJ. First draft genome sequencing of indole acetic acid producing and plant growth promoting fungus Preussia sp. BSL10. J Biotechnol 2016; 225:44-5. [PMID: 26995610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Preussia sp. BSL10, family Sporormiaceae, was actively producing phytohormone (indole-3-acetic acid) and extra-cellular enzymes (phosphatases and glucosidases). The fungus was also promoting the growth of arid-land tree-Boswellia sacra. Looking at such prospects of this fungus, we sequenced its draft genome for the first time. The Illumina based sequence analysis reveals an approximate genome size of 31.4Mbp for Preussia sp. BSL10. Based on ab initio gene prediction, total 32,312 coding sequences were annotated consisting of 11,967 coding genes, pseudogenes, and 221 tRNA genes. Furthermore, 321 carbohydrate-active enzymes were predicted and classified into many functional families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Latif Khan
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants & Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Sajjad Asaf
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Abdur Rahim Khan
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants & Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman.
| | | | - In-Jung Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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