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Ichinose T, Nomura S, Someya Y, Akimoto S, Tachiyashiki K, Imaizumi K. Effect of endurance training supplemented with green tea extract on substrate metabolism during exercise in humans. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2010; 21:598-605. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01077.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yanagisawa R, Takano H, Inoue K, Koike E, Sadakane K, Ichinose T. Size Effects of Polystyrene Nanoparticles on Atopic Dermatitis-like Skin Lesions in NC/NGA Mice. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2010; 23:131-41. [DOI: 10.1177/039463201002300112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nano-sized particles are diffusing in the environment with the development of nanotechnology. Polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles are modified industrial products and pharmaceutical agents, however, adverse effects of PS nanoparticles remain to be elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the effects of PS nanoparticles with different sizes on the atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice assumed to show the skin barrier defect/dysfunction in the presence or absence of mite allergen. Male NC/Nga mice were injected intradermally with three different-sized PS nanoparticles (25, 50, or 100 nm) and/or mite allergen into their right ears. We evaluated clinical scores, ear thickening, histological findings and the local protein expression of inflammatory molecules in the ear and Ig production in serum. PS nanoparticles aggravated AD-like skin lesions related to mite allergen, which was paralleled by the local protein levels of interleukin-4, CCL2/monocyte chemotactic protein-1, CCL3/macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha, and CCL4/macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta. In contrast, PS nanoparticles decreased interferon-γ expression. Furthermore, exposure to PS nanoparticles induced ear swelling and CC-chemokine expression in the absence of allergen. These effects were greater with the smaller PS nanoparticles than with the larger ones regarding overall trend. These results suggest that exposure to PS nanoparticles under skin barrier defect/dysfunction can exacerbate AD-like skin lesions related to mite allergen in a size-dependent manner. The enhancing effects may be accounted for by T helper 2-biased immune responses. Furthermore, PS nanoparticles can evoke skin inflammation via the overexpression of CC-chemokines even in the absence of allergen in atopic subjects.
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Totsuka Y, Higuchi T, Imai T, Nishikawa A, Nohmi T, Kato T, Masuda S, Kinae N, Hiyoshi K, Ogo S, Kawanishi M, Yagi T, Ichinose T, Fukumori N, Watanabe M, Sugimura T, Wakabayashi K. Genotoxicity of nano/microparticles in in vitro micronuclei, in vivo comet and mutation assay systems. Part Fibre Toxicol 2009; 6:23. [PMID: 19725983 PMCID: PMC2745356 DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-6-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2009] [Accepted: 09/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, manufactured nano/microparticles such as fullerenes (C60), carbon black (CB) and ceramic fiber are being widely used because of their desirable properties in industrial, medical and cosmetic fields. However, there are few data on these particles in mammalian mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. To examine genotoxic effects by C60, CB and kaolin, an in vitro micronuclei (MN) test was conducted with human lung cancer cell line, A549 cells. In addition, DNA damage and mutations were analyzed by in vivo assay systems using male C57BL/6J or gpt delta transgenic mice which were intratracheally instilled with single or multiple doses of 0.2 mg per animal of particles. RESULTS In in vitro genotoxic analysis, increased MN frequencies were observed in A549 cells treated with C60, CB and kaolin in a dose-dependent manner. These three nano/microparticles also induced DNA damage in the lungs of C57BL/6J mice measured by comet assay. Moreover, single or multiple instillations of C60 and kaolin, increased either or both of gpt and Spi- mutant frequencies in the lungs of gpt delta transgenic mice. Mutation spectra analysis showed transversions were predominant, and more than 60% of the base substitutions occurred at G:C base pairs in the gpt genes. The G:C to C:G transversion was commonly increased by these particle instillations. CONCLUSION Manufactured nano/microparticles, CB, C60 and kaolin, were shown to be genotoxic in in vitro and in vivo assay systems.
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Yoshida S, Hiyoshi K, Ichinose T, Takano H, Oshio S, Sugawara I, Takeda K, Shibamoto T. Effect of nanoparticles on the male reproductive system of mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 32:337-42. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2007.00865.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yoshida S, Hiyoshi K, Ichinose T, Nishikawa M, Takano H, Sugawara I, Takeda K. Aggravating effect of natural sand dust on male reproductive function in mice. Reprod Med Biol 2009; 8:151-156. [PMID: 29699320 DOI: 10.1007/s12522-009-0027-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2008] [Accepted: 07/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although adverse health effects of environment (such as cadmium, pesticides, diesel exhaust, etc.) on the male reproductive system have been suggested, there is little experimental evidence of such an effect of atmospheric sand dust. In the present study, the effects of sand dust (mineral particles) were investigated on the male reproductive system of mice. Methods Two types of sand dusts (Asian sand dust and Arizona sand dust) were intratracheally administered (0.1 mg/mouse 4 times every other week) to ICR male mice and then male reproductive organ weight, daily sperm production (DSP), histological analysis and serum testosterone level were measured. Results Histological examination showed that interstitial edema was produced by both sand dust types, and partial vacuolation of the seminiferous tubules was detected in the exposed mice. Moreover, exposure to these natural sand dusts significantly decreased DSP. On the other hand, there was no significant differences in serum testosterone concentration. Conclusions These results suggest that natural sand dust-exposure produced adverse effects on mouse male reproductive function.
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Ichinose T, Hiyoshi K, Yoshida S, Takano H, Inoue K, Nishikawa M, Mori I, Kawazato H, Yasuda A, Shibamoto T. Asian sand dust aggravates allergic rhinitis in guinea pigs induced by Japanese cedar pollen. Inhal Toxicol 2009; 21:985-93. [DOI: 10.1080/08958370802672883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Fukuda H, Ichinose T, Kusama T, Sakurai R, Anndow K, Akiyoshi N. Stress assessment in acute care department nurses by measuring interleukin-8. Int Nurs Rev 2009; 55:407-11. [PMID: 19146551 DOI: 10.1111/j.1466-7657.2008.00646.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-8, have been shown to be related to depressive symptoms or inflammatory diseases and may be useful as stress biomarkers. AIM This study was to assess whether urinary IL-8 levels were reliable indicators of stress among acute care department (AD) nurses. METHODS A total of 118 nurses participated in the study. Urinary IL-8 levels of 49 AD nurses were compared with levels of a control group of 69 chronic care department (CD) nurses. RESULTS The urinary IL-8 levels of AD nurses, who reported a higher level of professional stress, were higher than the levels of CD nurses (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Measurement of urinary IL-8 may be an appropriate biomarker for stress assessment in nurses.
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Ogawa T, Ichinose T. Fifty Years of HF Doppler Observations. DATA SCIENCE JOURNAL 2009. [DOI: 10.2481/dsj.8.s35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Ogawa T, Ichinose T. Erratum: Fifty Years of HF Doppler Observations [Data Science Journal, Volume 8, 30 March 2009. S35-S37]. DATA SCIENCE JOURNAL 2009. [DOI: 10.2481/dsj.8-s500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Fukuda H, Ichinose T, Kusama T, Yoshidome A, Anndow K, Akiyoshi N, Shibamoto T. The relationship between job stress and urinary cytokines in healthy nurses: a cross-sectional study. Biol Res Nurs 2008; 10:183-91. [PMID: 18829600 DOI: 10.1177/1099800408323219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines such as angiogenin (ANG) and interleukin (IL-8) have been shown to be related to depressive symptoms and inflammatory diseases like coronary heart disease. They may thus be used as stress biomarkers to identify and prevent health problems. To investigate the relationship between cytokines and nurses' job-related stress, levels of urinary ANG and IL-8 were measured in healthy female hospital nurses in Japan. The level of job-related stress of the subjects was evaluated using the Nursing Stress Scale (NSS), with the participants being classified into high- or low-stress groups for each subscale according to their scores. The participants' subjective psychological states were assessed using the Profile of Mood States--Short Form Japanese version (POMS-SFJ). Urinary ANG, IL-8, and cortisol levels and subjective psychological states for two groups were compared for each NSS subscale. The fatigue and depression scores of POMS-SFJ subscales in the present study were higher than those of the general healthy Japanese population. Based on the mean score of the combined participants, nurses were experiencing the highest stress related to the pressure of having responsibility for patients' life support care (PPLC). Nurses reporting high levels of stress related to PPLC and conflict with physicians had high levels of urinary ANG. Urinary ANG levels may thus be associated with high levels of job stress.
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Fukuda H, Ichinose T, Kusama T, Sakurai R. Assessment of salivary human herpesvirus-6 and immunoglobulin a levels in nurses working shifts. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2008; 2:159-65. [PMID: 25031250 DOI: 10.1016/s1976-1317(08)60039-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2008] [Revised: 06/09/2008] [Accepted: 09/08/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the present study was to assess whether salivary human herpesvirus (HHV)-6 acted as a new sensitive stress marker, providing a reliable indicator of stress among shift work nurses. Salivary HHV-6, immunoglobulin (Ig) A and mood states were compared among nurses who worked day shifts only and nurses who worked different numbers of night shifts. METHODS Participants included 56 female nurses working in Japanese general hospitals. The 56 subjects were categorized into three groups: Group A (n = 7), which consisted of nurses who only worked day shifts; group B (n = 29), which consisted of nurses working shifts with £8 night shifts per month; and group C (n = 20), which consisted of nurses working shifts with (3) 9 night shifts per month. Mood was assessed using the Profile of Mood States Short Form Japanese version (POMS-SFJ). Salivary biomarker levels and mood were compared among the three groups. RESULTS Although the salivary HHV-6 level was significantly higher in group C than in group A (p < .05), salivary IgA and mood levels were not significantly different among the three groups. CONCLUSION Salivary HHV-6 level may be a more sensitive stress marker than salivary IgA or mood for assessing chronic fatigue in nurses working shifts. Improvement to shift assignments using assessment by salivary HHV-6 is required.
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Ichinose T, Yoshida S, Hiyoshi K, Sadakane K, Takano H, Nishikawa M, Mori I, Yanagisawa R, Kawazato H, Yasuda A, Shibamoto T. The effects of microbial materials adhered to Asian sand dust on allergic lung inflammation. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2008; 55:348-57. [PMID: 18227959 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-007-9128-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2007] [Accepted: 12/26/2007] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Asian sand dust (ASD) containing microbiological materials, sulfate (SO(4)(2)), and nitrate (NO(3)(-) ) derived from air pollutants in East China, reportedly cause adverse respiratory health effects. ASD aggravates ovalbumin (OVA)-associated experimental lung eosinophilia. In this study, the toxic materials adsorbed onto ASD were excluded by heat treatment at 360 degrees C for 30 min. The effects of nonheated ASD or heated ASD (H-ASD) toward the allergic lung inflammation were compared in murine lungs. ICR mice were administered intratracheally with normal saline (control), H-ASD, ASD, OVA, OVA + H-ASD, and OVA + ASD, four times at 2-week intervals. ASD only increased neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs) along with pro-inflammatory mediators, such as keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC). H-ASD and ASD enhanced eosinophil recruitment induced by OVA in the alveoli and in the submucosa of the airway, which has a goblet cell proliferation in the bronchial epithelium. The two ASDs synergistically increased interleukin-5 (IL-5), monocyte chemotactic protein-3 (MCP-3), and eotaxin, which were associated with OVA, in BALF. The enhancing effects were much greater in ASD than in H-ASD. The two ASDs induced the adjuvant effects to specific IgE and IgG1 production by OVA. In the in vitro study using RAW264.7 cells, ASD increased the expression of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR 2) mRNA but not TLR4 mRNA. H-ASD caused no expression of either TLR mRNA. These results suggest that the aggravated lung eosinophilia by ASD may be due to activation of Th2-associated immune response via the activation of TLR2 by microbial components adhered to ASD.
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Yanagisawa R, Takano H, Inoue KI, Koike E, Sadakane K, Ichinose T. Effects of maternal exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate during fetal and/or neonatal periods on atopic dermatitis in male offspring. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2008; 116:1136-41. [PMID: 18795153 PMCID: PMC2535612 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.11191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2007] [Accepted: 04/08/2008] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) has been widely used in polyvinyl chloride products and is ubiquitous in developed countries. Although maternal exposure to DEHP during fetal and/or neonatal periods reportedly affects reproductive and developmental systems, its effects on allergic diseases in offspring remain to be determined. OBJECTIVES In the present study, we examined whether maternal exposure to DEHP during fetal and/or neonatal periods in NC/Nga mice affects atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions related to mite allergen in offspring. METHODS We administered DEHP at a dose of 0, 0.8, 4, 20, or 100 microg/animal/week by intraperitoneal injection into dams during pregnancy (gestation days 0, 7, and 14) and/or lactation (postnatal days 1, 8, and 15). Eight-week-old male offspring of these treated females were injected intradermally with mite allergen into their right ears. We then evaluated clinical scores, ear thickening, histologic findings, and protein expression of eotaxin in the ear. RESULTS Maternal exposure to a 100-microg dose of DEHP during neonatal periods, but not during fetal periods, enhanced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions related to mite allergen in males. The results were concomitant with the enhancement of eosinophilic inflammation, mast cell degranulation, and protein expression of eotaxin in overall trend. CONCLUSION Maternal exposure to DEHP during neonatal periods can accelerate atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions related to mite allergen in male offspring, possibly via T helper 2 (T(H)2)-dominant responses, which can be responsible, at least in part, for the recent increase in atopic dermatitis.
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Nagano H, Kato M, Tashima Y, Hashimoto H, Shimo T, Ichinose T, Agawa M, Munakata M, Ohta Y, Ohkawa T. One Segment Inverse Planning Method for the Lung SRT. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.1383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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90
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Okada K, Ichinose T, Hachiya T, Ishida H. Significance of Nerve Sparing Radical Prostatectomy. Aktuelle Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1055651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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91
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Yoshida S, Hirano S, Shikagawa K, Hirata S, Rokuta S, Takano H, Ichinose T, Takeda K. Diesel exhaust particles suppress expression of sex steroid hormone receptors in TM3 mouse Leydig cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2007; 24:292-296. [PMID: 21783824 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2007.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2007] [Revised: 07/09/2007] [Accepted: 07/16/2007] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Murine Leydig TM3 cells, derived from mouse testis, were exposed to diesel exhaust particles (DEP) and DEP components for 24h. mRNA expression of estrogen receptor (ER) α and CYP1A1 were then measured by real-time PCR. Exposure to DEP (10μg/ml) reduced ERα mRNA expression by approximately 50% and increased P450 1A1 mRNA expression by approximately fivefold. Cycloheximide (CHX), an inhibitor of protein synthesis, abolished the DEP-induced effects on ERα mRNA expression. Thus, protein synthesis mediated the DEP-induced reduction of ERα mRNA expression.
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Adachi K, Ichinose T, Watanabe K, Kitazato K, Kobayashi N. Potential for the replication of the betanodavirus redspotted grouper nervous necrosis virus in human cell lines. Arch Virol 2007; 153:15-24. [PMID: 17906832 PMCID: PMC7086817 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-007-1051-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2007] [Accepted: 07/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The determination of the host ranges of viruses is important because of the possible emergence of infectious agents, which may result from the zoonotic transmission of animal viruses to humans. The family Nodaviridae, whose members are non-enveloped, positive-stranded bipartite RNA viruses, is comprised of the genera Alphanodavirus and Betanodavirus, whose members predominantly infect insects and fish, respectively. The alphanodaviruses can also infect suckling mice and suckling hamsters, resulting in paralysis and death. Pigs near the site of isolation of the Nodamura virus (NoV), an alphanodavirus, have been reported to have high levels of NoV neutralizing antibody, suggesting that they may be part of the natural host range of this virus. Betanodaviruses are the causative agents of viral nervous necrosis, which occurs in several species of fish. However, little is known regarding the mechanism of infection of these viruses. Whether betanodaviruses can infect hosts other than fish remains unclear. In this study, we examined the possibility that a betanodavirus, redspotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV), can infect human cell lines and showed that this virus can attach to the cells but cannot penetrate them, although human cells can support the replication of the betanodavirus when viral RNAs are transfected. The betanodavirus in its present form cannot infect human cells.
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Adachi K, Ichinose T, Takizawa N, Watanabe K, Kitazato K, Kobayashi N. Inhibition of betanodavirus infection by inhibitors of endosomal acidification. Arch Virol 2007; 152:2217-24. [PMID: 17891330 PMCID: PMC7086734 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-007-1061-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2007] [Accepted: 08/27/2007] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Betanodaviruses, members of the family Nodaviridae, have small positive-stranded bipartite RNA genomes and are the causal agent of viral nervous necrosis (VNN) in many species of marine farmed fish. In the aquaculture industry, outbreaks of betanodavirus infection and spread in larval and juvenile fish result in devastating damage and heavy economic loss. Although an urgent need exists to develop drugs that inhibit betanodavirus infection, there have been no reports about anti-betanodavirus drugs. Recently, it was reported that betanodaviruses were detected in the endosomes of infected cells, suggesting that betanodaviruses enter fish cells by endocytosis. This finding prompted us to examine whether blocking this endosomal pathway could provide a target for antiviral drug development. In this study, we examined the inhibitory effect of several lysosomotropic agents against betanodavirus infection in fish E-11 cells. The presence of 1 mM NH4Cl or 1 µM chloroquine in the medium inhibited the entry of betanodaviruses into cells and inhibited viral infection. The lysosomotropic agents bafilomycin A1 and monensin also inhibited virus-induced cytopathology and virus production. Our data demonstrate that inhibitors of endosomal acidification are candidates as antiviral agents against betanodavirus.
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Mitsuhashi Y, Nishio A, Kawahara S, Ichinose T, Yamauchi S, Naruse H, Matsuoka Y, Ohata K, Hara M. Morphologic evaluation of the caudal end of the inferior petrosal sinus using 3D rotational venography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2007; 28:1179-84. [PMID: 17569984 PMCID: PMC8134147 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a0489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2006] [Accepted: 09/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The inferior petrosal sinus (IPS) is the main transvenous access route used to examine or treat lesions involving the cavernous sinus. To carry out these procedures successfully, one must have a detailed knowledge of the anatomy of the venous system around the junction of the IPS and the internal jugular vein (IJV). MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-three sides in 63 patients (26 men, 37 women; mean, 56.5 years of age) were examined by using 3D rotational venography (3DRV). RESULT The drainage patterns of the IPS could be classified into the following 6 types, with emphasis on the level of IPS-IJV junction: type A, the IPS drains into the jugular bulb in 1/83 sides (1.2%); type B, the IPS drains into the IJV at the level of the extracranial opening of the hypoglossal canal in 29/83 sides (34.9%); type C, the IPS drains into the lower extracranial IJV in 31/83 sides (37.3%); type D, the IPS forms a plexus and has multiple junctions to the IJV near the jugular foramen in 5/83 sides (6.0%); type E, the IPS drains directly into the vertebral venous plexus (VVP) with no connection to the IJV in 3/83 sides (3.6%); and type F, the IPS is absent in 14/83 sides (16.9%). Each type is also characterized by the way of anastomosis with the VVP. CONCLUSION This classification seemed to be rational from the embryologic viewpoint, and it may be useful in establishing treatment strategies that involve endovascular manipulation via the IPS.
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Inoue KI, Takano H, Ichinose T, Tomura S, Yanagisawa R, Sakurai M, Sumi D, Cho AK, Hiyoshi K, Kumagai Y. Effects of naphthoquinone on airway responsiveness in the presence or absence of antigen in mice. Arch Toxicol 2007; 81:575-81. [PMID: 17318628 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-007-0186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2006] [Accepted: 01/18/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated that naphthoquinone (NQ), one of extractable chemical compounds of diesel exhaust particles (DEP), enhances antigen-related airway inflammation with goblet cell hyperplasia in mice (Inoue et al. in Eur Respir J 209(2):259-267, 2007). Further, NQ has enhanced lung expressions of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5. However, the effects of NQ on other cardinal features of asthma have not been completely investigated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of NQ on airway responsiveness on the model. Vehicle, NQ, ovalbumin (OVA), or NQ + OVA was administered intratarcheally to ICR mice for 6 weeks. Twenty-four hours after the last instillation, lung histology, lung functions such as total respiratory system resistance (R) and Newtonian resistance (R (n)), and protein level of IL-13 and mRNA level for MUC5AC in the lung were examined. Repetitive exposure to NQ aggravated antigen-related lung inflammation. NQ alone enhanced R and R (n) as compared to vehicle without statistical significance. OVA alone or NQ plus OVA showed increases in R and R (n), which was prominent in NQ plus OVA (P < 0.05 vs. vehicle). Combined exposure to NQ and OVA elevated the levels of IL-13 and MUC5AC in the lung as compared with exposure to NQ or OVA alone. These results indicate that NQ can enhance airway hyperresponsiveness in the presence or absence of an antigen. Also, amplified lung expressions of IL-13 and MUC5AC might partly contribute to the deterioration of asthma features by NQ.
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Inoue K, Takano H, Hiyoshi K, Ichinose T, Sadakane K, Yanagisawa R, Tomura S, Kumagai Y. Naphthoquinone enhances antigen-related airway inflammation in mice. Eur Respir J 2006; 29:259-67. [PMID: 17079263 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00033106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The current authors have previously demonstrated that diesel exhaust particles (DEP) enhance antigen-related airway inflammation in mice. Furthermore, a recent study has shown that organic chemicals in DEP, rather than their carbonaceous nuclei, are important contributors to the aggravating effects of airway inflammation. However, the components in DEP responsible for the enhancing effects on the model remain to be identified. The current authors investigated the effects of naphthoquinone (NQ), one of the extractable chemical compounds of DEP, on antigen-related airway inflammation, local expression of cytokine proteins, and antigen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) production in mice. Pulmonary exposure to NQ dose-dependently aggravated antigen-related airway inflammation, as characterised by infiltration of eosinophils and lymphocytes around the airways and an increase in goblet cells in the bronchial epithelium. Combined exposure to NQ and antigen enhanced the local expression of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, eotaxin, macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 and keratinocyte chemoattractant, compared with exposure to antigen or NQ alone. Also, NQ exhibited adjuvant activity for the antigen-specific production of IgG(1) and IgG(2a). These results provide the first experimental evidence that naphthoquinone can enhance antigen-related airway inflammation in vivo, and that naphthoquinone can, to some extent, partly play a role in the pathogenesis of diesel exhaust particle toxicity on the condition.
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Ichinose T, Sadakane K, Takano H, Yanagisawa R, Nishikawa M, Mori I, Kawazato H, Yasuda A, Hiyoshi K, Shibamoto T. Enhancement of mite allergen-induced eosinophil infiltration in the murine airway and local cytokine/chemokine expression by Asian sand dust. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2006; 69:1571-85. [PMID: 16854786 DOI: 10.1080/15287390500470833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Data on the effects of sand dust toward allergic asthma produced by indoor allergens, such as house dust mites, are not currently available. This study was undertaken to clarify the role of Asian sand dust on mite allergen, Dermatophagoides farinae (D. farinae)-induced eosinophilic inflammation in the murine lung, using sand dusts from the Maowusu Desert (Inner Mongolia) (SD-1) and the Tengger Desert (China) (SD-2). ICR mice were intratracheally administered saline; SD-1 alone; SD-2 alone; D. farinae alone; D. farinae + SD-1; and D. farinae + SD-2, 4 times at 2-wk intervals. The two sand dusts enhanced infiltration of eosinophil in the airway, along with goblet-cell proliferation related to D. farinae. The degree of eosinophil infiltration induced with SD-2 was greater than with SD-1. The SD-1, which contained higher amounts of beta-glucan, increased the expression of interferon (IFN)-gamma in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) with or without D. farinae, but SD-2 did not. Synergistically or cumulatively elevated levels of interleukin (IL)-5, eotaxin, and monocyte chemotactic protein in BALF related to D. farinae were higher with D. farinae + SD-2 than with D. farinae + SD-1. These results suggest that increased cytokine and chemokines in BALF play an important role in the enhancement of eosinophil infiltration in the airway induced by D. farinae + sand dusts. The reduced eosinophil infiltration in the SD-1-treated mice could be due to suppression of Th-2 cytokine and eotaxin via interferon-gamma induced by microbial materials, such as beta-glucan.
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Sadakane K, Ichinose T, Takano H, Abe M, Sera N, Yanagisawa R, Ochi H, Fujioka K, Lee KG, Shibamoto T. Murine strain differences in 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine formation in hepatic DNA induced by oxidized lard and dietary oils. Food Chem Toxicol 2006; 44:1372-6. [PMID: 16624473 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2006.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2005] [Revised: 02/15/2006] [Accepted: 03/04/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Difference of 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) formation in liver DNA in C3H/HeN and in C57BL/6 mice--fed oxidized lard and dietary oils (soybean and sardine)--was investigated. The blank levels of 8-OH-dG were higher in C3H/HeN mice (highly sensitive to liver tumorigenesis) than in C57BL/6 mice (resistant strain). The level of 8-OH-dG increased much more in C3H/HeN mice than in the C57BL/6 mice fed by oxidized lard and dietary oil treatment. Feeding oxidized lard and dietary oils increased 8-oxo-guanine DNA glycosylase I (OGG1) and mRNA 8-oxo-dGTPase in C57BL/6 mice. On the other hand, no appreciable change of mRNA in the C3H/HeN mice was observed. The formation differences of 8-OH-dG from the two murine strains fed with oxidized lard and dietary oils may be associated with the different mRNA levels in the DNA repair enzymes because the mRNA levels in the DNA repair enzymes were much lower in C3H/HeN mice than in C57BL/6 mice.
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Takano H, Yanagisawa R, Inoue KI, Ichinose T, Sadakane K, Yoshikawa T. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate enhances atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2006; 114:1266-9. [PMID: 16882537 PMCID: PMC1552025 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.8985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) has been widely used in polyvinyl chloride products and has become ubiquitous in the developed countries. DEHP reportedly displays an adjuvant effect on immunoglobulin production. However, it has not been elucidated whether DEHP is associated with the aggravation of atopic dermatitis. We investigated the effects of DEHP on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions induced by mite allergen in NC/Nga mice. NC/Nga male mice were injected intradermally with mite allergen on their right ears. In the presence of allergen, DEHP (0, 0.8, 4, 20, or 100 microg) was administered by intraperitoneal injection. We evaluated clinical scores, ear thickening, histologic findings, and the protein expression of chemokines. Exposure to DEHP at a dose of 0.8-20 microg caused deterioration of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions related to mite allergen; this was evident from macroscopic and microscopic examinations. Furthermore, these changes were consistent with the protein expression of proinflammatory molecules such as macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) and eotaxin in the ear tissue in overall trend. In contrast, 100 microg DEHP did not show the enhancing effects. These results indicate that DEHP enhances atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions at hundred-fold lower levels than the no observed adverse effect level determined on histologic changes in the liver of rodents. DEHP could be at least partly responsible for the recent increase in atopic dermatitis.
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Inoue KI, Takano H, Yanagisawa R, Hirano S, Kobayashi T, Ichinose T, Yoshikawa T. Effects of organic chemicals derived from ambient particulate matter on lung inflammation related to lipopolysaccharide. Arch Toxicol 2006; 80:833-8. [PMID: 16639588 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-006-0105-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2006] [Accepted: 03/30/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The effects of components of ambient particulate matter (PM) on individuals with predisposing respiratory disorders are not well defined. We have previously demonstrated that airway exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP) or organic chemicals (OC) extracted from DEP (DEP-OC) enhances lung inflammation related to bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS). The present study aimed to examine the effects of airway exposure to OC extracted from urban PM (PM-OC) on lung inflammation related to LPS. ICR mice were divided into four experimental groups that intratracheally received vehicle, LPS (2.5 mg/kg), PM-OC (4 mg/kg), or PM-OC + LPS. Lung inflammation, lung water content, and lung expression of cytokines were evaluated 24 h after intratracheal administration. LPS challenge elicited lung inflammation evidenced by cellular profiles of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung histology, which was further aggravated by the combined challenge with PM-OC. The combination with PM-OC and LPS did not significantly exaggerate LPS-elicited pulmonary edema. LPS instillation induced elevated lung expression of interleukin-1beta, macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha, macrophage chemoattractant protein-1, and keratinocyte chemoattractant, whereas the combined challenge with PM-OC did not influence these levels. All the results were consistent with our previous reports on DEP-OC. These results suggest that the extracted organic chemicals from PM exacerbate infectious lung inflammation. The mechanisms underlying the enhancing effects are not mediated via the enhanced local expression of proinflammatory cytokines.
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