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Zhang Y, Qiu F, Ye T, Lee SH, Xu J, Jia L, Zeng R, Wang X, Hu X, Yan X, Li H, Lu Y, Wang X, Jiang R, Xu W. Epiregulin increases stemness-associated genes expression and promotes chemoresistance of non-small cell lung cancer via ERK signaling. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:197. [PMID: 35551652 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02859-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chemoresistance often causes the failure of treatment and death of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. However, there is still no resistance genes signature and available enriched signaling derived from a comprehensive RNA-Seq data analysis of lung cancer patients that could act as a therapeutic target to re-sensitize the acquired resistant cancer cells to chemo-drugs. Hence, in this study, we aimed to identify the resistance signature for clinical lung cancer patients and explore the regulatory mechanism.
Method Analysis of RNA-Seq data from clinical lung cancer patients was conducted in R studio to identify the resistance signature. The resistance signature was validated by survival time of lung cancer patients and qPCR in chemo-resistant cells. Cytokine application, small-interfering RNA and pharmacological inhibition approaches were applied to characterize the function and molecular mechanism of EREG and downstream signaling in chemoresistance regulation via stemness. Results The RTK and vitamin D signaling were enriched among resistance genes, where 6 genes were validated as resistance signature and associated with poor survival in patients. EREG/ERK signaling was activated by chemo-drugs in NSCLC cells. EREG protein promoted the NSCLC resistance to chemo-drugs by increasing stemness genes expression. Additionally, inhibition of EREG/ErbB had downregulated ERK signaling, resulting in decreased expression of stemness-associated genes and subsequently re-sensitized the resistant NSCLC cells and spheres to chemo-drugs. Conclusions These findings revealed 6 resistance genes signature and proved that EREG/ErbB regulated the stemness to maintain chemoresistance of NSCLC via ERK signaling. Therefore, targeting EREG/ErbB might significantly and effectively resolve the chemoresistance issue. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02859-3.
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Yan S, Li Q, Li S, Ai Z, Yuan D. The role of PFKFB3 in maintaining colorectal cancer cell proliferation and stemness. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9877-9891. [PMID: 35553342 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07513-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Since generally confronting with the hypoxic and stressful microenvironment, cancer cells alter their glucose metabolism pattern to glycolysis to sustain the continuous proliferation and vigorous biological activities. Bifunctional 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (PFK-2/FBPase-2) isoform 3 (PFKFB3) functions as an effectively modulator of glycolysis and also participates in regulating angiogenesis, cell death and cell stemness. Meanwhile, PFKFB3 is highly expressed in a variety of cancer cells, and can be activated by several regulatory factors, such as hypoxia, inflammation and cellular signals. In colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, PFKFB3 not only has the property of high expression, but also probably relate to inflammation-cancer transformation. Recent studies indicate that PFKFB3 is involved in chemoradiotherapy resistance as well, such as breast cancer, endometrial cancer and CRC. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are self-renewable cell types that contribute to oncogenesis, metastasis and relapse. Several studies indicate that CSCs utilize glycolysis to fulfill their energetic and biosynthetic demands in order to maintain rapid proliferation and adapt to the tumor microenvironment changes. In addition, elevated PFKFB3 has been reported to correlate with self-renewal and metastatic outgrowth in numerous kinds of CSCs. This review summarizes our current understanding of PFKFB3 roles in modulating cancer metabolism to maintain cell proliferation and stemness, and discusses its feasibility as a potential target for the discovery of antineoplastic agents, especially in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China.
| | - Qianqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Shi Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Zhiying Ai
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Dongdong Yuan
- Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ji'nan, 250101, China
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An C, Hu Z, Li Y, Zhao P, Liu R, Zhang Q, Zhu P, Li Y, Wang Y. LINC00662 enhances cell progression and stemness in breast cancer by MiR-144-3p/SOX2 axis. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:184. [PMID: 35551606 PMCID: PMC9097442 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02576-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies among women globally. Emerging evidence indicates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are associated with BC carcinogenesis. In the current study, we explored the mechanism by which LINC00662 regulates BC. METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assessed RNA expressions while western blot for protein levels. Kaplan Meier analysis evaluated overall survival (OS). Cytoplasmic/nuclear fractionation, RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) and luciferase reporter assays probed into the underlying molecular mechanism of LINC00662 in BC. Xenograft model was established to explore the influence of LINC00662 on BC progression in vivo. R square graphs were utilized to represent RNA relationships. RESULTS LINC00662 is overtly overexpressed in BC tissues and cell lines. LINC00662 knockdown hampers cell proliferation, migration, invasion and stemness. LINC00662 expression is negatively correlated with OS of BC patients. LINC00662 up-regulates SOX2 expression by competitively binding to miR-144-3p, thereby modulating BC cell progression. Xenograft experiments verified that LINC00662 promotes BC tumor growth and cell stemness in vivo. CONCLUSION LINC00662 enhances cell proliferation, migration, invasion and stemness in BC by targeting miR-144-3p/SOX2 axis. The findings in the present study suggested that LINC00662 could be a potential therapeutic target for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congjing An
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Xinhua District, No.215, Heping Xi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Xinhua District, No.215, Heping Xi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Yuehong Li
- Department of Pathology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Xinhua District, No.215, Heping Xi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Pengxin Zhao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Xinhua District, No.215, Heping Xi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Runtian Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Xinhua District, No.215, Heping Xi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Xinhua District, No.215, Heping Xi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Peiling Zhu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Xinhua District, No.215, Heping Xi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Yanting Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Xinhua District, No.215, Heping Xi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Xinhua District, No.215, Heping Xi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.
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Bhol CS, Mishra SR, Patil S, Sahu SK, Kirtana R, Manna S, Shanmugam MK, Sethi G, Patra SK, Bhutia SK. PAX9 reactivation by inhibiting DNA methyltransferase triggers antitumor effect in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166428. [PMID: 35533906 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant DNA hypermethylation is associated with oral carcinogenesis. Procaine, a local anesthetic, is a DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor that activates anticancer mechanisms. However, its effect on silenced tumor suppressor gene (TSG) activation and its biological role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unknown. Here, we report procaine inhibited DNA methylation by suppressing DNMT activity and increased the expression of PAX9, a differentiation gene in OSCC cells. Interestingly, the reactivation of PAX9 by procaine found to inhibit cell growth and trigger apoptosis in OSCC in vitro and in vivo. Likely, the enhanced PAX9 expression after exposure to procaine controls stemness and differentiation through the autophagy-dependent pathway in OSCC cells. PAX9 inhibition abrogated procaine-induced apoptosis, autophagy, and inhibition of stemness. In OSCC cells, procaine improved anticancer drug sensitivity through PAX9, and its deficiency significantly blunted the anticancer drug sensitivity mediated by procaine. Additionally, NRF2 activation by procaine facilitated the antitumor response of PAX9, and pharmacological inhibition of NRF2 by ML385 reduced death and prevented the decrease in the orosphere-forming potential of OSCC cells. Furthermore, procaine promoted antitumor activity in FaDu xenografts in athymic nude mice, and immunohistochemistry data showed that PAX9 expression was significantly enhanced in the procaine group compared to the vehicle control. In conclusion, PAX9 reactivation in response to DNMT inhibition could trigger a potent antitumor mechanism to provide a new therapeutic strategy for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Sekhar Bhol
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Sundergarh 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Soumya Ranjan Mishra
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Sundergarh 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sunil Kumar Sahu
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Sundergarh 769008, Odisha, India
| | - R Kirtana
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Sundergarh 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Soumen Manna
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Sundergarh 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Muthu Kumaraswamy Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Samir Kumar Patra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Sundergarh 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Sujit Kumar Bhutia
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Sundergarh 769008, Odisha, India.
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Shan L, Song P, Zhao Y, An N, Xia Y, Qi Y, Zhao H, Ge J. miR-600 promotes ovarian cancer cells stemness, proliferation and metastasis via targeting KLF9. J Ovarian Res 2022; 15:52. [PMID: 35501825 PMCID: PMC9063371 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-022-00981-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have revealed that miRNAs participate in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer; however, whether miR-600 is also involved remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigated the role of miR-600 in ovarian cancer progression. Here, miR-600 expression was significantly upregulated in ovarian cancer tissues and stem cells. Functional studies showed that miR-600 promoted ovarian cancer cell stemness, proliferation and metastasis. Mechanistic studies revealed that Kruppel like factor 9 (KLF9) was indicated as the target of miR-600. The luciferase reporter assay suggested that miR-600 directly bound to the 3'-untranslated region of KLF9. Additionally, miR-600 expression was negatively associated with KLF9 expression in human ovarian cancer tissues. Si-KLF9 partially abolished the discrepancy of self-renewal, growth and metastasis capacity between miR-600 knockdown ovarian cancer cells and control cells. In conclusion, our results suggest that miR-600 promotes ovarian cancer cell stemness, proliferation and metastasis via directly downregulating KLF9, and impairing miR-600 levels may be a new treatment strategy for ovarian cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Shan
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the Veterans General Hospital of Liaoning Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, 110002, Liaoning, China
| | - Pingping Song
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the Veterans General Hospital of Liaoning Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, 110002, Liaoning, China
| | - Yangyang Zhao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the Veterans General Hospital of Liaoning Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, 110002, Liaoning, China
| | - Na An
- Department of Endoscopy, Northern Theater General Hospital, Shenyang, 110011, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanqiu Xia
- Department of Neonatology, Northern Theater General Hospital, Shenyang, 110011, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue Qi
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the Veterans General Hospital of Liaoning Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, 110002, Liaoning, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- Department of Endoscopy, Northern Theater General Hospital, Shenyang, 110011, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing Ge
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the Veterans General Hospital of Liaoning Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, 110002, Liaoning, China.
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Zeng L, Ye J, Zhang Z, Liang Y, Li J, Zeng L, Cao L, Zhu L, Luo S. Zuogui pills maintain the stemness of oogonial stem cells and alleviate cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian aging through Notch signaling pathway. Phytomedicine 2022; 99:153975. [PMID: 35217439 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zuogui pills (ZGP), a classical prescription of traditional Chinese medicine, have been widely used in the treatment of ovarian aging. Previous studies have demonstrated its efficacy on protecting ovarian aging, and the mechanisms were mostly relevant to inhibiting the apoptosis of follicles and activating the primordial follicles. However, whether ZGP could stimulate the oogonial stem cells (OSCs) to refresh the follicle pool remains poorly understood. PURPOSE To investigate the effects of ZGP on the stemness of OSCs in cyclophosphamide (Cy)-induced ovarian aging. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 8 groups: control group, model group, ZGP groups (low / high dose groups), estradiol valerate (EV) groups (low / high dose groups), DAPT group and DAPT+ZGP-L group. After modeling with Cy, the ZGP groups and EV groups were treated with ZGP and EV for 8 weeks respectively. Meanwhile, the DAPT groups were treated with DAPT twice a week. Additionally, OSCs were also isolated after modeling, and then treated with drug serum containing ZGP or EV. Ovarian volume and the ratio of weight of total ovaries to the body weight were measured. The serum hormones were measured by ELISA. Quantities and location of OSCs in ovaries were detected by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Cell viability was measured by CCK8. And OSCs were identified by immunofluorescence. Biomarkers of germ cells, stem cells and associated to differentiation and meiosis were detected by qPCR and western blot. Proteins in Notch signaling pathway were detected by western blot and immunofluorescence. RESULTS After treating with ZGP, ovarian volume and the ratio of weight of total ovaries to the body weight increased. ZGP could increase serum AMH and E2 level and decrease serum FSH level. Quantities and cell viability of OSCs increased after ZGP treatment in vivo and in vitro. In addition, treatment with ZGP could increase not only the expression of MVH, Oct4 and DAZL, but also the expression of ZP1 and ZP2. Furthermore, ZGP could up-regulate the expression of Notch intracellular domain (NICD), HES1 and HES5. After blocking the Notch signaling pathway, ZGP could increase not only the expression of NICD, HES1 and HES5, but also the expression of MVH, Oct4, DAZL, ZP1 and ZP3. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the mechanism of ZGP on treating ovarian aging may be relevant to maintain the stemness of OSCs by up-regulating Notch signaling pathway, which added the mechanism of ZGP on the perspective of OSCs at first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Zeng
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jinfei Ye
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhaoping Zhang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yunyi Liang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lei Zeng
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Songping Luo
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Zhang Z, Wang ZX, Chen YX, Wu HX, Yin L, Zhao Q, Luo HY, Zeng ZL, Qiu MZ, Xu RH. Integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing data reveals a pan-cancer stemness signature predicting immunotherapy response. Genome Med 2022; 14:45. [PMID: 35488273 PMCID: PMC9052621 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-022-01050-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) is regarded as a breakthrough in cancer therapy, only a limited fraction of patients benefit from it. Cancer stemness can be the potential culprit in ICI resistance, but direct clinical evidence is lacking. METHODS Publicly available scRNA-Seq datasets derived from ICI-treated patients were collected and analyzed to elucidate the association between cancer stemness and ICI response. A novel stemness signature (Stem.Sig) was developed and validated using large-scale pan-cancer data, including 34 scRNA-Seq datasets, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) pan-cancer cohort, and 10 ICI transcriptomic cohorts. The therapeutic value of Stem.Sig genes was further explored using 17 CRISPR datasets that screened potential immunotherapy targets. RESULTS Cancer stemness, as evaluated by CytoTRACE, was found to be significantly associated with ICI resistance in melanoma and basal cell carcinoma (both P < 0.001). Significantly negative association was found between Stem.Sig and anti-tumor immunity, while positive correlations were detected between Stem.Sig and intra-tumoral heterogenicity (ITH) / total mutational burden (TMB). Based on this signature, machine learning model predicted ICI response with an AUC of 0.71 in both validation and testing set. Remarkably, compared with previous well-established signatures, Stem.Sig achieved better predictive performance across multiple cancers. Moreover, we generated a gene list ranked by the average effect of each gene to enhance tumor immune response after genetic knockout across different CRISPR datasets. Then we matched Stem.Sig to this gene list and found Stem.Sig significantly enriched 3% top-ranked genes from the list (P = 0.03), including EMC3, BECN1, VPS35, PCBP2, VPS29, PSMF1, GCLC, KXD1, SPRR1B, PTMA, YBX1, CYP27B1, NACA, PPP1CA, TCEB2, PIGC, NR0B2, PEX13, SERF2, and ZBTB43, which were potential therapeutic targets. CONCLUSIONS We revealed a robust link between cancer stemness and immunotherapy resistance and developed a promising signature, Stem.Sig, which showed increased performance in comparison to other signatures regarding ICI response prediction. This signature could serve as a competitive tool for patient selection of immunotherapy. Meanwhile, our study potentially paves the way for overcoming immune resistance by targeting stemness-associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Xian Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Xing Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Xiang Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Ling Yin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Yan Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Lei Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Miao-Zhen Qiu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China.
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China.
| | - Rui-Hua Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China.
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China.
- Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China.
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Wang X, Li R, Wu L, Chen Y, Liu S, Zhao H, Wang Y, Wang L, Shao Z. Histone methyltransferase KMT2D cooperates with MEF2A to promote the stem-like properties of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:49. [PMID: 35477537 PMCID: PMC9044881 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00785-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epigenetic reprogramming is involved in multiple steps of human cancer evolution and is mediated by a variety of chromatin-modifying enzymes. Specifically, the histone lysine methyltransferase KMT2D is among the most frequently mutated genes in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, the mechanisms by which KMT2D affects the development of OSCC remain unclear. Results In the present study, we found that the expression of KMT2D was elevated in OSCC compared to paracancerous specimens and was correlated with a more advanced tumor grade. More importantly, knockdown of KMT2D impaired their reconstitution in patient-derived organoids and decreased the expression of CD133 and β-catenin in OSCC cells. In in vitro and in vivo models, knockdown of KMT2D reduced the colony formation, migration and invasion abilities of OSCC cells and delayed tumor growth. Mechanistically, the dual-luciferase reporter and co-immunoprecipitation assays in two individual OSCC cell lines indicated that KMT2D may cooperate with MEF2A to promote the transcription activity of CTNNB1, thereby enhancing WNT signaling. Conclusion The upregulation of KMT2D contributes to stem-like properties in OSCC cells by sustaining the MEF2A-mediated transcriptional activity of CTNNB1. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-022-00785-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmiao Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430089, China
| | - Rui Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430089, China
| | - Luping Wu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430089, China
| | - Yang Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430089, China
| | - Shaopeng Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430089, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430089, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430089, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. .,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Zhe Shao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430089, China. .,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, School of Stomatology-Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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209
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Chao HM, Wang TW, Chern E, Hsu SH. Regulatory RNAs, microRNA, long-non coding RNA and circular RNA roles in colorectal cancer stem cells. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14:748-764. [PMID: 35582099 PMCID: PMC9048531 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i4.748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The properties of cancer stem cells (CSCs), such as self-renewal, drug resistance, and metastasis, have been indicated to be responsible for the poor prognosis of patients with colon cancers. The epigenetic regulatory network plays a crucial role in CSC properties. Regulatory non-coding RNA (ncRNA), including microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs, have an important influence on cell physiopathology. They modulate cells by regulating gene expression in different ways. This review discusses the basic characteristics and the physiological functions of colorectal cancer (CRC) stem cells. Elucidation of these ncRNAs will help us understand the pathological mechanism of CRC progression, and they could become a new target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Mei Chao
- Department of Pathology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Teh-Wei Wang
- niChe Lab for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Edward Chern
- niChe Lab for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shan-hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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210
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Lin X, Wang F, Chen J, Liu J, Lin YB, Li L, Chen CB, Xu Q. N 6-methyladenosine modification of CENPK mRNA by ZC3H13 promotes cervical cancer stemness and chemoresistance. Mil Med Res 2022; 9:19. [PMID: 35418160 PMCID: PMC9008995 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-022-00378-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stemness and chemoresistance contribute to cervical cancer recurrence and metastasis. In the current study, we determined the relevant players and role of N6-methyladenine (m6A) RNA methylation in cervical cancer progression. METHODS The roles of m6A RNA methylation and centromere protein K (CENPK) in cervical cancer were analyzed using bioinformatics analysis. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation was adopted to detect m6A modification of CENPK mRNA. Human cervical cancer clinical samples, cell lines, and xenografts were used for analyzing gene expression and function. Immunofluorescence staining and the tumorsphere formation, clonogenic, MTT, and EdU assays were performed to determine cell stemness, chemoresistance, migration, invasion, and proliferation in HeLa and SiHa cells, respectively. Western blot analysis, co-immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter, cycloheximide chase, and cell fractionation assays were performed to elucidate the underlying mechanism. RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis of public cancer datasets revealed firm links between m6A modification patterns and cervical cancer prognosis, especially through ZC3H13-mediated m6A modification of CENPK mRNA. CENPK expression was elevated in cervical cancer, associated with cancer recurrence, and independently predicts poor patient prognosis [hazard ratio = 1.413, 95% confidence interval = 1.078 - 1.853, P = 0.012]. Silencing of CENPK prolonged the overall survival time of cervical cancer-bearing mice and improved the response of cervical cancer tumors to chemotherapy in vivo (P < 0.001). We also showed that CENPK was directly bound to SOX6 and disrupted the interactions of CENPK with β-catenin, which promoted β-catenin expression and nuclear translocation, facilitated p53 ubiquitination, and led to activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, but suppression of the p53 pathway. This dysregulation ultimately enhanced the tumorigenic pathways required for cell stemness, DNA damage repair pathways necessary for cisplatin/carboplatin resistance, epithelial-mesenchymal transition involved in metastasis, and DNA replication that drove tumor cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS CENPK was shown to have an oncogenic role in cervical cancer and can thus serve as a prognostic indicator and novel target for cervical cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Lin
- Departments of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital and Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350014, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital and Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350014, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammatory Diseases, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Outpatient Department, Fujian Hospital of People's Armed Police, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammatory Diseases, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Departments of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital and Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Yi-Bin Lin
- Departments of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital and Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Li Li
- Departments of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital and Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Chuan-Ben Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital and Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350014, China.
| | - Qin Xu
- Departments of Gynecology, Fujian Cancer Hospital and Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350014, China.
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211
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Chou PH, Luo CK, Wali N, Lin WY, Ng SK, Wang CH, Zhao M, Lin SW, Yang PM, Liu PJ, Shie JJ, Wei TT. A chemical probe inhibitor targeting STAT1 restricts cancer stem cell traits and angiogenesis in colorectal cancer. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:20. [PMID: 35313878 PMCID: PMC8939146 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00803-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a worldwide cancer with rising annual incidence. New medications for patients with CRC are still needed. Recently, fluorescent chemical probes have been developed for cancer imaging and therapy. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) has complex functions in tumorigenesis and its role in CRC still needs further investigation. Methods RNA sequencing datasets in the NCBI GEO repository were analyzed to investigate the expression of STAT1 in patients with CRC. Xenograft mouse models, tail vein injection mouse models, and azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) mouse models were generated to study the roles of STAT1 in CRC. A ligand-based high-throughput virtual screening approach combined with SWEETLEAD chemical database analysis was used to discover new STAT1 inhibitors. A newly designed and synthesized fluorescently labeled 4’,5,7-trihydroxyisoflavone (THIF) probe (BODIPY-THIF) elucidated the mechanistic actions of STAT1 and THIF in vitro and in vivo. Colonosphere formation assay and chick chorioallantoic membrane assay were used to evaluate stemness and angiogenesis, respectively. Results Upregulation of STAT1 was observed in patients with CRC and in mouse models of AOM/DSS-induced CRC and metastatic CRC. Knockout of STAT1 in CRC cells reduced tumor growth in vivo. We then combined a high-throughput virtual screening approach and analysis of the SWEETLEAD chemical database and found that THIF, a flavonoid abundant in soybeans, was a novel STAT1 inhibitor. THIF inhibited STAT1 phosphorylation and might bind to the STAT1 SH2 domain, leading to blockade of STAT1-STAT1 dimerization. The results of in vitro and in vivo binding studies of THIF and STAT1 were validated. The pharmacological treatment with BODIPY-THIF or ablation of STAT1 via a CRISPR/Cas9-based strategy abolished stemness and angiogenesis in CRC. Oral administration of BODIPY-THIF attenuated colitis symptoms and tumor growth in the mouse model of AOM/DSS-induced CRC. Conclusions This study demonstrates that STAT1 plays an oncogenic role in CRC. BODIPY-THIF is a new chemical probe inhibitor of STAT1 that reduces stemness and angiogenesis in CRC. BODIPY-THIF can be a potential tool for CRC therapy as well as cancer cell imaging. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12929-022-00803-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Hsuan Chou
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Jen-Ai Road, 1st Section, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Cong-Kai Luo
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Jen-Ai Road, 1st Section, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Niaz Wali
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics, Taiwan International Graduate Program in Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics (TIGP-CBMB), Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yen Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Kok Ng
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Jen-Ai Road, 1st Section, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Wang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Mingtao Zhao
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Sheng-Wei Lin
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ming Yang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Jung Liu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Jie Shie
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
| | - Tzu-Tang Wei
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Jen-Ai Road, 1st Section, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan. .,Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics, Taiwan International Graduate Program in Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics (TIGP-CBMB), Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
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212
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Zheng H, Xie J, Song K, Yang J, Xiao H, Zhang J, Li K, Yuan R, Zhao Y, Gu Y, Zhao W. StemSC: a cross-dataset human stemness index for single-cell samples. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:115. [PMID: 35313979 PMCID: PMC8935746 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02803-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stemness is defined as the potential of cells for self-renewal and differentiation. Many transcriptome-based methods for stemness evaluation have been proposed. However, all these methods showed low negative correlations with differentiation time and can’t leverage the existing experimentally validated stem cells to recognize the stem-like cells. Methods Here, we constructed a stemness index for single-cell samples (StemSC) based on relative expression orderings (REO) of gene pairs. Firstly, we identified the stemness-related genes by selecting the genes significantly related to differentiation time. Then, we used 13 RNA-seq datasets from both the bulk and single-cell embryonic stem cell (ESC) samples to construct the reference REOs. Finally, the StemSC value of a given sample was calculated as the percentage of gene pairs with the same REOs as the ESC samples. Results We validated the StemSC by its higher negative correlations with differentiation time in eight normal datasets and its higher positive correlations with tumor dedifferentiation in three colorectal cancer datasets and four glioma datasets. Besides, the robust of StemSC to batch effect enabled us to leverage the existing experimentally validated cancer stem cells to recognize the stem-like cells in other independent tumor datasets. And the recognized stem-like tumor cells had fewer interactions with anti-tumor immune cells. Further survival analysis showed the immunotherapy-treated patients with high stemness had worse survival than those with low stemness. Conclusions StemSC is a better stemness index to calculate the stemness across datasets, which can help researchers explore the effect of stemness on other biological processes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02803-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Zheng
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.,Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiajing Xie
- National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Kai Song
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Huiting Xiao
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Jiashuai Zhang
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Keru Li
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Rongqiang Yuan
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Yuting Zhao
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Yunyan Gu
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Wenyuan Zhao
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
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213
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Goh M, Tae G. Mesenchymal stem cell-encapsulated cellulose nanofiber microbeads and enhanced biological activities by hyaluronic acid incorporation. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 280:119026. [PMID: 35027128 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.119026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cell microencapsulation is a process to entrap viable and functional cells within a biocompatible and semi-permeable matrix to provide a favorable microenvironment to the cells. Cellulose nanofiber (CNF), a low-cost and sustainable cellulose-derived natural polymer, has been studied as a matrix for 3D stem cell culture in the form of a bulk hydrogel. Here, the preparation of CNF microbeads for the long-term 3D culture of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) was demonstrated. Furthermore, hyaluronic acid (HA) was physically incorporated into the stem cell encapsulated CNF microbeads with various molecular weights and concentrations to investigate its potential in enhancing the cellular bioactivities. The beneficial effects of HA incorporation on encapsulated cells were significant compared to CNF microbeads, especially with 700 kDa molecular weight and 0.2% in concentration in terms of cell proliferation (~2 times) and VEGF secretion (~2 times) while maintaining their stemness. All the results demonstrated that the HA-incorporated CNF microbeads could serve as a promising microencapsulation matrix for hADSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- MeeiChyn Goh
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Giyoong Tae
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
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214
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Mehraj U, Mushtaq U, Mir MA, Saleem A, Macha MA, Lone MN, Hamid A, Zargar MA, Ahmad SM, Wani NA. Chemokines in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Heterogeneity: New Challenges for Clinical Implications. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:769-783. [PMID: 35278636 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity is a hallmark of cancer and one of the primary causes of resistance to therapies. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which accounts for 15% to 20% of all breast cancers and is the most aggressive subtype, is very diverse, connected to metastatic potential and response to therapy. It is a very diverse disease at the molecular, pathologic, and clinical levels. TNBC is substantially more likely to recur and has a worse overall survival rate following diagnosis than other breast cancer subtypes. Chemokines, low molecular weight proteins that stimulate chemotaxis, have been shown to control the cues responsible for TNBC heterogeneity. In this review, we have focused on tumor heterogeneity and the role of chemokines in modulating tumor heterogeneity, since this is the most critical issue in treating TNBC. Additionally, we examined numerous cues mediated by chemokine networks that contribute to the heterogeneity of TNBC. Recent developments in our knowledge of the chemokine networks that regulate TNBC heterogeneity may pave the door for developing difficult-to-treat TNBC treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar Mehraj
- Department of Bioresources, School of Life Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir India
| | - Umer Mushtaq
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, J&K, India
| | - Manzoor A Mir
- Department of Bioresources, School of Life Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir India
| | - Afnan Saleem
- Division of Animal Biotechnology Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama Sher-e- Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir, India
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science & Technology Awantipora, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Mohammad Nadeem Lone
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical & Chemical Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal J & K, India
| | - Abid Hamid
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, J&K, India
| | - Mohammed A Zargar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, J&K, India
| | - Syed Mudasir Ahmad
- Division of Animal Biotechnology Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama Sher-e- Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir, India
| | - Nissar Ahmad Wani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, J&K, India.
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215
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Andugulapati SB, Sundararaman A, Lahiry M, Rangarajan A. AMP- activated protein kinase (AMPK) promotes breast cancer stemness and drug resistance. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:274505. [PMID: 35195687 PMCID: PMC9150117 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are a major cause of therapy resistance and tumour progression. Currently, their regulation is not entirely understood. Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated a context-specific pro-tumorigenic role for AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) under anchorage-deprivation and mammosphere formation, which are hallmarks of BCSCs. Therefore, we investigated the role of AMPK in the maintenance of BCSC state/function. AMPK depletion reduces serial sphere formation in vitro and tumour initiation in vivo. Intriguingly, tumour-derived cell analysis using stem cell markers and functional assays revealed that AMPK is required for the maintenance of BCSC populations in vivo. AMPK promotes the expression of stemness genes such as NANOG, SOX2 and BMI1 through the transcriptional upregulation of TWIST via promoter acetylation. Further, AMPK-driven stemness plays a critical role in doxorubicin resistance. Significantly, AMPK activity increased after chemotherapy in patient-derived tumour samples alongside an increase in stemness markers. Importantly, AMPK depletion sensitises mouse tumours to doxorubicin treatment. Our work indicates that targeting of AMPK in conjunction with regular chemotherapy is likely to reduce the stem cell pool and improve chemosensitivity in breast cancers. Summary: AMPK inhibition in conjunction with regular chemotherapy is likely to reduce the stem cell pool and improve chemosensitivity and therapeutic outcomes in breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Balaji Andugulapati
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics; Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Ananthalakshmy Sundararaman
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics; Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Mohini Lahiry
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics; Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Annapoorni Rangarajan
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics; Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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216
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Dai CJ, Cao YT, Huang F, Wang YG. Multiple roles of mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 in tumorigenesis, stem cells, drug resistance, and cancer therapy. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:41-53. [PMID: 35126827 PMCID: PMC8788178 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i1.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway controls many cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Abnormalities in the TGF-β signaling pathway and its components are closely related to the occurrence of many human diseases, including cancer. Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 (Smad4), also known as deleted in pancreatic cancer locus 4, is a typical tumor suppressor candidate gene locating at q21.1 of human chromosome 18 and the common mediator of the TGF-β/Smad and bone morphogenetic protein/Smad signaling pathways. It is believed that Smad4 inactivation correlates with the development of tumors and stem cell fate decisions. Smad4 also interacts with cytokines, miRNAs, and other signaling pathways, jointly regulating cell behavior. However, the regulatory function of Smad4 in tumorigenesis, stem cells, and drug resistance is currently controversial. In addition, Smad4 represents an attractive therapeutic target for cancer. Elucidating the specific role of Smad4 is important for understanding the mechanism of tumorigenesis and cancer treatment. Here, we review the identification and characterization of Smad4, the canonical TGF-β/Smad pathway, as well as the multiple roles of Smad4 in tumorigenesis, stem cells, and drug resistance. Furthermore, we provide novel insights into the prospects of Smad4-targeted cancer therapy and the challenges that it will face in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Jing Dai
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yu-Ting Cao
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical University, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Gang Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
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217
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Modi A, Purohit P, Roy D, Vishnoi JR, Pareek P, Elhence P, Singh P, Sharma S, Sharma P, Misra S. FOXM1 mediates GDF-15 dependent stemness and intrinsic drug resistance in breast cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:2877-2888. [PMID: 35066766 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07102-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stemness, a key component of breast cancer (BC) heterogeneity, is responsible for chemoresistance. Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) induces drug resistance and stemness in BC cells. In this study, the expressions and interactions of GDF-15, FOXM1, and stemness (OCT4 and SOX2), and drug resistance (ABCC5) markers were evaluated in BC. METHODS AND RESULTS 40 diagnosed BC patients and 40 healthy controls were included in this study. Serum GDF-15 was significantly raised (p < 0.001) in BC patients. Expressions of GDF-15, OCT4, SOX2, and FOXM1 in BC tissue and cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) were determined by RT-PCR, while phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) was analyzed by Western blot. Not only were the fold change expressions higher in cancer tissue as compared to surrounding control tissue, but a higher expression was observed for all the genes along with p-AKT in MDA-MB-231 cells compared to MCF-7. Tissue GDF-15 was significantly associated with ABCC5 (p < 0.001), OCT4 (p = 0.002), SOX2 (p < 0.001), and FOXM1 (p < 0.001). To further analyze the signaling pathway involved in stemness and drug resistance in BC, GDF-15 knockdown was performed, which reduced the expression of p-AKT, FOXM1, OCT4 and SOX2, and ABCC5, whereas recombinant GDF-15 treatment reversed the same. In silico analyses in UALCAN revealed a similar picture for these genes to that of BC tissue expression. CONCLUSIONS GDF-15 promotes stemness and intrinsic drug resistance in BC, possibly mediated by the p-AKT/FOXM1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupama Modi
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Purvi Purohit
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Dipayan Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Jeewan Ram Vishnoi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Puneet Pareek
- Department of Radiotherapy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Poonam Elhence
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Priyanka Singh
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shailja Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sanjeev Misra
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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Li X, Jia Q, Zhou Y, Jiang X, Song L, Wu Y, Wang A, Chen W, Wang S, Lu Y. Tanshinone IIA attenuates the stemness of breast cancer cells via targeting the miR-125b/STARD13 axis. Exp Hematol Oncol 2022; 11:2. [PMID: 35057866 PMCID: PMC8781032 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-022-00255-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tanshinone II A is an effective component extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza and the roles of Tanshinone IIA in regulating the stemness of tumor cells remain unclear. This work aims to explore the roles and underlying mechanisms of Tanshinone IIA in breast cancer stemness. METHODS In vitro mammary spheroid formation, flow cytometry assay on CD24-/CD44+ sub-population, ALDH activity detection, cell viability assay and western blot analysis, and in vivo tumor-initiating analysis were performed to examine the effects of Tanshinone IIA on the stemness of breast cancer cells. MiRNAs-based transcriptome sequencing and data analysis, online dataset analysis, luciferase reporter assay combined with rescuing experiments were constructed to explore the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Tanshinone IIA attenuated the stemness of breast cancer cells, evident by downregulating the expression of stemness markers, hindering the capacity of spheroid formation, decreasing the CD24-/CD44+ sub-population in a concentration-dependent manner and reducing the tumor-initiating ability of breast cancer cells. Additionally, Tanshinone IIA enhanced adriamycin sensitivity and attenuated adriamycin resistance of breast cancer cells. Combined with miRNAs-based transcriptome sequencing assay, it was found that Tanshinone IIA downregulated miR-125b level and upregulated its target gene STARD13 (StAR-related lipid transfer protein 13) level, thus inactivating the miR-125b/STARD13 axis, which had been previously confirmed to promote breast cancer progression. Notably, miR-125b overexpression enhanced the stemness of breast cancer cells, and miR-125b overexpression or STARD13 knockdown impaired the inhibitory effects of Tanshinone IIA on the stemness of breast cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS Tanshinone IIA could attenuate the stemness of breast cancer cells via targeting the miR-125b/STARD13 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qi Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yinyin Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xuan Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Li Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Aiyun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxing Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijun Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
| | - Yin Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
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Sultana T, Dayem AA, Lee SB, Cho SG, Lee JI. Effects of carrier solutions on the viability and efficacy of canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:26. [PMID: 34996443 PMCID: PMC8739692 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-03120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have favorable characteristics that render them a potent therapeutic tool. We tested the characteristics of MSCs after temporal storage in various carrier solutions, such as 0.9% saline (saline), 5% dextrose solution (DS), heparin in saline, and Hartmann’s solution, all of which are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Phosphate-buffered saline, which does not have FDA approval, was also used as a carrier solution. We aimed to examine the effects of these solutions on the viability and characteristics of MSCs to evaluate their suitability and efficacy for the storage of canine adipose-derived MSCs (cADMSCs). Results We stored the cADMSCs in the test carrier solutions in a time-dependent manner (1, 6, and 12 h) at 4 °C, and analyzed cell confluency, viability, proliferation, self-renewability, and chondrogenic differentiation. Cell confluency was significantly higher in 5% DS and lower in phosphate-buffered saline at 12 h compared to other solutions. cADMSCs stored in saline for 12 h showed the highest viability rate. However, at 12 h, the proliferation rate of cADMSCs was significantly higher after storage in 5% DS and significantly lower after storage in saline, compared to the other solutions. cADMSCs stored in heparin in saline showed superior chondrogenic capacities at 12 h compared to other carrier solutions. The expression levels of the stemness markers, Nanog and Sox2, as well as those of the MSC surface markers, CD90 and CD105, were also affected over time. Conclusion Our results suggest that MSCs should be stored in saline, 5% DS, heparin in saline, or Hartmann’s solution at 4 °C, all of which have FDA approval (preferable storage conditions: less than 6 h and no longer than 12 h), rather than storing them in phosphate-buffered saline to ensure high viability and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Sultana
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed Abdal Dayem
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Bin Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ik Lee
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Veterinary Obstetrics and Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Sahoo S, Ashraf B, Duddu AS, Biddle A, Jolly MK. Interconnected high-dimensional landscapes of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity and stemness in cancer. Clin Exp Metastasis 2022; 39:279-290. [PMID: 34993766 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-021-10139-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Establishing macrometastases at distant organs is a highly challenging process for cancer cells, with extremely high attrition rates. A very small percentage of disseminated cells have the ability to dynamically adapt to their changing micro-environments through reversibly switching to another phenotype, aiding metastasis. Such plasticity can be exhibited along one or more axes-epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) being the two most studied, and often tacitly assumed to be synonymous. Here, we review the emerging concepts related to EMP and CSCs across multiple cancers. Both processes are multi-dimensional in nature; for instance, EMP can be defined on morphological, molecular and functional changes, which may or may not be synchronized. Similarly, self-renewal, multi-lineage potential, and resistance to anoikis and/or therapy may not all occur simultaneously in CSCs. Thus, understanding the complexity in defining EMP and CSCs is essential if we are to understand their contribution to cancer metastasis. This will require a more comprehensive understanding of the non-linearity of these processes. These processes are dynamic, reversible, and semi-independent in nature; cells traverse the inter-connected high-dimensional EMP and CSC landscapes in diverse paths, each of which may exhibit a distinct EMP-CSC coupling. Our proposed model offers a potential unifying framework for elucidating the coupled decision-making along these dimensions and highlights a key set of open questions to be answered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarthak Sahoo
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering (BSSE), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.,UG Programme, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Bazella Ashraf
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, India
| | - Atchuta Srinivas Duddu
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering (BSSE), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Adrian Biddle
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering (BSSE), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.
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Patil S, Al-Brakati A, Abidi NH, Almasri MA, Almeslet AS, Patil VR, Raj AT, Bhandi S. CD44-positive cancer stem cells from oral squamous cell carcinoma exhibit reduced proliferation and stemness gene expression upon adipogenic induction. Med Oncol 2022; 39:23. [PMID: 34982245 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01617-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We proposed to assess adipogenic differentiation and its effect on the proliferation and stemness markers in CD44 + OSCC CSCs. D44 + CSCs were sorted by magnetic sorting from the single-cell suspension of the OSCC tumor. Adipogenic differentiation was induced by an adipogenic induction medium. Lipid droplet formation was confirmed by oil red O staining. The expression of the cell surface marker was analyzed by flow cytometry. Real-time qPCR was performed to examine the gene expression activity. CD44 + OSCC CSCs can differentiate into adipocytes and adipogenesis in these cells decrease their proliferation and stemness gene expression. Adipogenic induction can make the cancer stem cells from OSCC tumors lose their stemness potential. Oral cancer, especially OSCC, is a huge burden worldwide. Similar to other stem cells, cancer stem cells can differentiate into other lineage cells. Our study shows that the proliferation and stemness gene expression in the CSCs from OSCC tumors can be thwarted by inducing them to differentiate into adipocytes, which could be advantageous to find out new clinical approaches in the treatment of cancers, like OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, 45412, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ashraf Al-Brakati
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazim H Abidi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, 45412, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen A Almasri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Saleh Almeslet
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, 12611, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - A Thirumal Raj
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, 600130, India
| | - Shilpa Bhandi
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, Division of Operative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Park SY, Cho HS, Chung KH, Lee BN, Kim SH, Kim WJ, Jung JY. Inactivation of PI3K/Akt promotes the odontoblastic differentiation and suppresses the stemness with autophagic flux in dental pulp cells. J Dent Sci 2022; 17:145-154. [PMID: 35028032 PMCID: PMC8739242 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Autophagy is involved in controlling differentiation of various cell types. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism related to autophagy in regulating odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp cells. Materials and methods Human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) were cultured in differentiation inductive medium (DM) and odontoblastic differentiation and mineralization were evaluated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and Alizarin red S staining, respectively. Tooth cavity preparation was made on the mesial surface of lower first molars in rat. The expression of autophagy-related signal molecules was detected using Western blot analysis and Immunohistochemistry. Results HDPCs cultured in DM showed increased autophagic flux and declined phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), and mTOR. Dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1) and dentin sialoprotein (DSP), markers of odontoblastic differentiation, were upregulated and autophagic activation showing increased LC3-II and decreased p62 levels was observed during odontogenic differentiation of HDPCs. However, PI3K blocker 3-methyladenine (3MA), lentiviral shLC3 and Akt activator SC79 attenuated the expression of LC3II as well as DMP-1, ALP activity and mineralization enhanced in HDPCs under DM condition. In addition, 3MA, shLC3 and SC79 recovered the expression of pluripotency factor CD146, Oct4 and Nanog downregulated in DM condition. In rat tooth cavity preparation model, the expression of LC3B and DMP-1 was elevated near odontoblast-dentin layer during reparative dentin formation, whereas 3MA significantly reduced the expression of LC3B and DMP-1. Conclusion These findings indicated autophagy promotes the odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp cells modulating stemness via PI3K/Akt inactivation and the repair of pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Young Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Heui Seung Cho
- Department of Oral Physiology, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hwun Chung
- Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bin Na Lee
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hun Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jae Kim
- Department of Oral Physiology, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Jung
- Department of Oral Physiology, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Kuburich NA, den Hollander P, Deshmukh AP, Vasaikar S, Joseph R, Wicha MS, Mani SA. In Vitro Quantification of Cancer Stem Cells Using a Mammosphere Formation Assay. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2429:509-513. [PMID: 35507185 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1979-7_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of self-renewing cancer cells that are present within tumors. In this chapter, we provide a detailed method for the quantification of CSCs in vitro through mammosphere formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick A Kuburich
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Petra den Hollander
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Abhijeet P Deshmukh
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Suhas Vasaikar
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robiya Joseph
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Max S Wicha
- Forbes Institute for Cancer Discovery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sendurai A Mani
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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224
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Li N, Zhan X. Integrated genomic analysis of proteasome alterations across 11,057 patients with 33 cancer types: clinically relevant outcomes in framework of 3P medicine. EPMA J 2021; 12:605-627. [PMID: 34956426 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-021-00256-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Relevance Proteasome, a cylindrical complex containing 19S regulatory particle lid, 19S regulatory particle base, and 20S core particle, acted as a major mechanism to regulate the levels of intracellular proteins and degrade misfolded proteins, which involved in many cellular processes, and played important roles in cancer biological processes. Elucidation of proteasome alterations across multiple cancer types will directly contribute to cancer medical services in the context of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM / 3P medicine). Purpose This study aimed to investigate proteasome gene alterations across 33 cancer types for discovery of effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the framework of PPPM practice in cancers. Methods Proteasome gene data, including gene expression RNAseq, somatic mutation, tumor mutation burden (TMB), copy number variant (CNV), microsatellite instability (MSI) score, clinical characteristics, immune phenotype, 22 immune cells, cancer stemness index, drug sensitivity, and related pathways, were systematically analyzed with publically available database and bioinformatics across 11,057 patients with 33 cancer types. Results Differentially expressed proteasome genes were extensively found between tumor and control tissues. PSMB4 occurred the top mutation event among proteasome genes, and those proteasome genes were significantly associated with TMB and MSI score. Most of proteasome genes were positively related to CNV among single deletion, control copy number, and single gain. Kaplan-Meier curves and COX regression survival analysis showed proteasome genes were significantly associated with patient survival rate across 33 cancer types. Furthermore, the expressions of proteasome genes were significantly different among different clinical stages and immune subtypes. The expressions of proteasome genes were correlated with immune-related scores (ImmuneScore, StromalScore, and ESTIMATEScore), 22 immune cells, and cancer stemness. The sensitivities of multiple drugs were closely related to proteasome gene expressions. The identified proteasome and proteasome-interacted proteins were significantly enriched in various cancer-related pathways. Conclusions This study provided the first landscape of proteasome alterations across 11,057 patients with 33 cancer types and revealed that proteasome played a significant and wide functional role in cancer biological processes. These findings are the precious scientific data to reveal the common and specific alterations of proteasome genes among 33 cancer types, which benefits the research and practice of PPPM in cancers. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13167-021-00256-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People's Republic of China.,Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, 6699 Qingdao Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People's Republic of China
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People's Republic of China.,Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, 6699 Qingdao Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People's Republic of China.,Gastroenterology Research Institute and Clinical Center, Shandong First Medical University, 38 Wuying Shan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250031 People's Republic of China
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Gong Q, Yu H, Ding G, Ma J, Wang Y, Cheng X. Suppression of stemness and enhancement of chemosensibility in the resistant melanoma were induced by Astragalus polysaccharide through PD-L1 downregulation. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 916:174726. [PMID: 34954232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is commonly used in the clinical treatment of melanoma, but it is prone to resistance leading to the poor effectiveness. The mechanisms of resistance are complicated including the cancer stemness. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) is one of the active components of traditional Chinese herbal medicine Astragalus Membranaceus. Our previous work was reported that APS had an inhibitory effect on the stemness of melanoma. In this study we established chemo-resistant melanoma cells and found that expression of stemness genes were upregulated in the resistant melanoma cells. And APS could downregulate expression of stemness genes. Furthermore, APS combined with cisplatin (DDP) could significantly slow down the tumor growth in the mouse model induced by DDP-resistant cells. In addition, we found that programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression could be downregulated and the PI3K/AKT signaling could be affected by APS. These results suggested that APS could be a potential candidate in combination with chemotherapeutic agents, which might play a role in reducing the occurrence of resistance and improving the prognosis of melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyi Gong
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Guiqing Ding
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Jinyun Ma
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Yuanhua Wang
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Yue-yang Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
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Zhou X, Xie X, Liu T, Chen S, Wang Y, Zhang J, Wang S, Wang Y, Dou S, Qi R, Kang N, Zhang D, Jin X, Cui R, Jiang H. REC8 enhances stemness and promotes metastasis of colorectal cancer through BTK/Akt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Transl Oncol 2021; 15:101305. [PMID: 34890967 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer/testis antigens (CTAs) are often aberrantly expressed in cancer stem cells (CSCs) which are responsible for tumor metastasis. Rec8 meiotic recombination protein (REC8), a member of CTAs, shares distinct roles in various cancers, while its contribution to CSCs and colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. We found that overexpression of REC8 facilitated the migration and invasion of CRC cells (DLD-1 and SW480 cells) in vitro and promoted the liver metastasis of CRC in vivo. Moreover, REC8 is highly expressed in CRC stem-like cells and is required for the maintenance of CSC stemness. Mechanistic studies suggested that REC8 mediated through the activation of Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK). Inhibition of BTK by ibrutinib not only suppressed the migration and invasion-promoting ability, but also declined the increased expression of p-BTK, p-Akt, β-catenin, and CSC markers upon REC8 overexpression. Importantly, high expression of REC8 in cancerous tissues was related to advanced clinical stage and lymph node metastasis of 62 CRC patients, and REC8 was enriched in the cancerous cells positive for CSC markers. Collectively, our results indicate that REC8 promotes CRC metastasis by increasing cell stemness through BTK/Akt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoli Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shengxiong Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yijun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jiuna Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shuling Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yongjuan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shiying Dou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ran Qi
- Department of General Practice, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ning Kang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Dongxuan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoxu Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ruolin Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Huiqing Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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Zhao N, Zhou L, Lu Q, Wang S, Sun Y, Ding Y, Liu M, He H, Lang T. SOX2 maintains the stemness of retinoblastoma stem-like cells through Hippo/YAP signaling pathway. Exp Eye Res 2021; 214:108887. [PMID: 34890603 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the mechanisms underlying stemness maintenance of retinoblastoma (RB) stem cells (RSCs). METHODS The retinoblastoma stem-like cells (RSLCs) were isolated by single cell cloning in combination of examination of sphere-forming capacities. The stemness of the cells were characterized by the sphere-forming capacity and the expression levels of RSCs markers. Gene manipulation was performed by lentivirus system. Transcriptional regulation was identified by qRT-PCR, luciferase reporter, nuclear run-on and DNA pull-down assay. Spearman analysis was employed for correlation analysis of genes in tumor tissues of RB patients. RESULTS The isolated RSLCs exhibited enhanced sphere-forming capacity and constantly higher levels of CD44, ABCG2, SOX2 and PAX6, but not CD133. SOX2 positively regulated the stemness of RSLCs. SOX2 directly binds to the promoters of WWTR1 and YAP and transcriptionally activates WWTR1 and YAP. Knockdown of WWTR1 or YAP partially abolished the effect of SOX2 on the stemness of RSLCs. CONCLUSIONS SOX2, as a key deriver, maintains RB stemness by activating Hippo/YAP signaling. Inhibition of Hippo/YAP signaling would be an effective strategy for human RB caused by SOX2 upregulation.
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Cianciosi D, Forbes-Hernández TY, Regolo L, Alvarez-Suarez JM, Quinzi D, Sargenti A, Bai W, Tian L, Giampieri F, Battino M. Manuka honey in combination with 5-Fluorouracil decreases physical parameters of colonspheres enriched with cancer stem-like cells and reduces their resistance to apoptosis. Food Chem 2021; 374:131753. [PMID: 34883427 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to evaluate the in vitro effect of Manuka honey and its combination with 5-Fu, the most common drug used in the treatment of colon cancer, on the morphological and physical parameters of colonspheres enriched with cancer stem-like cells deriving from HCT-116 colon adenocarcinoma cell line and on the apoptosis rate. Manuka honey, alone and more in combination with 5-Fu, reduced the weight, the diameter and mass density of the spheroids and induced apoptosis through the downregulation of many apoptosis inhibitors, including IAPs (Livin, Survivin, XIAP), IGFs (IGF-I, IGF-II and IGF-IR) and HSPs (HSP-27, HSP-60 and HSP-70). These results led to a reduction in the survival ability of cancer stem-like cells, as well as to a chemosensitizing effect of honey towards 5-Fu, considering that apoptosis resistance is one of the main causes of cancer stem-like cells chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila Cianciosi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Regolo
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy
| | - José M Alvarez-Suarez
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos. Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías. Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador 170157, Ecuador; Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina iBioMed, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, 170157, Ecuador; King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Denise Quinzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy
| | - Azzurra Sargenti
- CellDynamics isrl, Via Piero Gobetti, 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Weibin Bai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lingmin Tian
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander 39011, Spain.
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy; Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander 39011, Spain; International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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Li H, Chen J, Liu J, Lai Y, Huang S, Zheng L, Fan N. CPT2 downregulation triggers stemness and oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer via activating the ROS/Wnt/β-catenin-induced glycolytic metabolism. Exp Cell Res 2021; 409:112892. [PMID: 34688609 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2) has been demonstrated to act as a tumor promotor or suppressor in different types of cancers. However, little is known about the effect of CPT2 on colorectal cancer (CRC). In the present study, we analyzed CPT2 expression in CRC tissues and cells. CPT2 was overexpressed in CRC cell lines (SW480 and RKO), and its effects and molecular mechanism on the proliferation, glycolysis, stemness, and oxaliplatin sensitivity were investigated. The xenograft experiment was used to confirm the influence of CPT2 on CRC tumorigenesis in vivo. We found that CPT2 expression was significantly downregulated in CRC patients, and its lower expression was associated with the poor prognosis, large tumor size, advanced TNM stage, and poor histological grade differentiation of patients. Upregulation of CPT2 significantly inhibited the proliferation, glycolytic metabolism, cancer stem cell properties, and oxaliplatin resistance in CRC cells. Also, the increase of CPT2 inhibited tumorigenesis, stemness and glycolysis, while enhanced oxaliplatin sensitivity in mouse models. Mechanistically, CPT2 functioned via suppressing the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway through repressing ROS production. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that CPT2 was decreased in CRC, and CPT2 downregulation could trigger stemness and oxaliplatin resistance in CRC via activating the ROS/Wnt/β-catenin-induced glycolytic metabolism. This study indicates that CPT2 is a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China
| | - JuHui Chen
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China
| | - Yiqin Lai
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China
| | - Sha Huang
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China
| | - Liang Zheng
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China
| | - Nanfeng Fan
- Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China.
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230
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Ma C, Liu Y, Ma Y, Jiang L, Huang Q, Liu G, Guo Y, Wang C, Liu C. Identification and characterization of pulmonary mesenchymal stem cells derived from rat fetal lung tissue. Tissue Cell 2021; 73:101628. [PMID: 34479072 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary mesenchymal stem cells (PMSCs) have great potential in lung tissue repair and regeneration, which have been isolated from some mammalian species, including mice, bovine and pig. However, the isolation, characteristics and differentiation potential of rat PMSCs have not been reported. In this study, we successfully isolated PMSCs from Sprague-Dawley rat fetal lung tissue in vitro for the first time and attempted to evaluate its multilineage differentiation potentials. The cultured PMSCs showed typical spindle-shaped morphology and high proliferative potential, and could be passaged for at least 13 passages and maintained high hereditary stability with more than 93.6 % of cells were diploid (2n = 42) by G-banding analysis. Furthermore, the PMSCs could express mesenchymal markers Sca-1, CD29, CD44, CD73 and CD90, but not hematopoietic markers CD34 and CD45. Besides, the expression of cell markers of AT2 (SFTPC), AT1 (PDPN) and macrophage (CD11b) were also negative. Cell cycle examination revealed majority of the PMSCs were in G0/G1 phase, which are similar with previously reported pig PMSCs. In addition, the PMSCs were multipotent and could differentiated into osteocytes, adipocytes, hepatocytes and neurons in vitro. Together, the present study demonstrated the stemness and multi-differentiation potentials of rat PMSCs, which conferred a potential regenerative cell resource for cell regenerative therapy of lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Ma
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, PR China
| | - Yingchun Ma
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, PR China
| | - Lijie Jiang
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, PR China
| | - Qianyi Huang
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, PR China
| | - Gaofeng Liu
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, PR China
| | - Yu Guo
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, PR China
| | - Chunjing Wang
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, PR China.
| | - Changqing Liu
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, PR China.
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231
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Prasad CB, Singh D, Pandey LK, Pradhan S, Singh S, Narayan G. VEGFa/VEGFR2 autocrine and paracrine signaling promotes cervical carcinogenesis via β-catenin and snail. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 142:106122. [PMID: 34826615 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
VEGF secretion into the tumor microenvironment by cancer cells regulates several oncogenic signaling pathways and cancer-regulated angiogenesis. VEGFR receptors are exclusively present on endothelial cells to maintain their biological homeostasis. The acquisition of unique VEGFR2 receptor and VEGFa in cervical cancer (CC) cells reflects VEGFa/VEGFR2 autocrine machinery. Given the critical role of VEGFR2 in endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, we explored its function in CC epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness. Here we report that VEGFR2 regulates cancer-induced angiogenesis and EMT-linked stemness in CC cells via AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin and Snail pathway. Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (RTKi) of VEGFR, Pazopanib (PAZ), shows potential anti-VEGFR2 activity and inhibits VEGFa induced metastatic events such as migration, invasion, and anoikis resistance in CC cells. Similarly, PAZ also attenuates cancer-regulated angiogenesis by inhibiting VE-cadherin internalization in endothelial cells followed by inhibition of endothelial cell migration. Selective depletion of VEGFR2 ligand VEGFa in CC cells also attenuates EMT, metastatic events, and inhibition of cancer-induced angiogenesis. In addition, blocking of VEGFR2 signaling in CC cells via PAZ or shRNA alters the formation of cervical tumorspheres (TS) and their successive generation. Collectively, inhibition of functional VEGFa/VEGFR2 autocrine and paracrine axis ceases the cancer-promoting events in cervical cancer cells. Based on the finding in this study, this oncogenic pathways could be used as a potential therapeutic target in a clinical setting with conventional radio-chemotherapy to achieve synergistic killing of CC cells.
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232
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Kim HJ, Kim G, Lee J, Lee Y, Kim JH. Secretome of Stem Cells: Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in Diseases, Stemness, Differentiation, and Reprogramming. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 19:19-33. [PMID: 34817808 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-021-00406-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that stem cells or stem cell-derived cells may contribute to tissue repair, not only by replacing lost tissue but also by delivering complex sets of secretory molecules, called secretomes, into host injured tissues. In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have gained much attention for their diverse and important roles in a wide range of pathophysiological processes. EVs are released from most types of cells and mediates cell-cell communication by activating receptors on target cells or by being taken up by recipient cells. EVs, including microvesicles and exosomes, encapsulate and carry proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids in the lumen and on the cell surface. Thus, EV-mediated intercellular communication has been extensively studied across various biological processes. While a number of investigations has been conducted in different tissues and body fluids, the field lacks a systematic review on stem cell-derived EVs, especially regarding their roles in stemness and differentiation. Here, we provide an overview of the pathophysiological roles of EVs and summarize recent findings focusing on EVs released from various types of stem cells. We also highlight emerging evidence for the potential implication of EVs in self-renewal, differentiation, and reprograming and discuss the benefits and limitations in translational approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, West building of Life Sciences, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Gyeongmin Kim
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, West building of Life Sciences, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Jihun Lee
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, West building of Life Sciences, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Youngseok Lee
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, West building of Life Sciences, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, West building of Life Sciences, Seoul, 02841, South Korea.
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233
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Jia YX, Tang H, Chang ZW, Fan HJ, Guan XY, Qin YR. [Expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4γ in gastric carcinoma and its role in cell proliferation and stemness]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2021; 43:1164-1169. [PMID: 34794218 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20190725-00467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the role and molecular mechanism of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4γ (HNF4γ) in proliferation and stemness of gastric cancer. Methods: A total of 102 cases of paraffin-embedded gastric cancer tissues and matched adjacent gastric tissues and 42 cases of fresh-frozen tissues derived from gastric patients who received radical gastrectomy were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between 2012 to 2015. The expression of HNF4γ was tested by immunohistochemical staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). HNF4γ overexpressed (AGS-HNF4γ) and shRNA silenced (HGC27-shHNF4γ) gastric cell lines were established. The effects of HNF4γ on cell proliferation and stemness were verified by XTT, clone formation and sphere formation assay. The expression of CD44 was detected by western blot. Results: The mRNA expression level of HNF4γ in fresh-frozen gastric cancer tissue was (12.43±2.702), which was significantly higher than (3.639±1.109) in normal tissue (P<0.001). The high protein expression rate of HNF4γ in paraffin-embedded gastric cancer tissues was 41.2% (42/102), which was significantly higher than 8.8% (9/102) in normal gastric mucosa tissue (P< 0.001). The protein expression of HNF4γ was closely related to the tumor differentiation, infiltration depth, lymph node metastasis and tumor stage (P<0.05). The median survival interval of patients with HNF4γ high expression was 25 months, the 3-year survival rate was 4.8% (2/42), significantly lower than 38 months and 51.7% (31/60) of patients with normal HNF4γ expression (P<0.001). The proliferation and CD44 protein expression of AGS-HNF4γ cells were significantly higher than those of the AGS-Vector cells. The number of clone formation, sphere formation rate of AGS-HNF4γ cells were 243.5±24.5 and (83.5±3.9)%, significantly higher than 81.0±16.0 and (21.8±5.6)% of AGS-Vector cells (P=0.030 and P=0.010, respectively). The proliferation and CD44 protein expression of HGC27-shHNF4 cells were significantly lower than those of the HGC27-vector cells. The number of clone formation, sphere formation rate of HGC27-shHNF4 cells were 26.0±1.0 and (20.8±8.4)%, significantly higher than 83.5±4.5 and (72.5±4.8)% of HGC27-vector cells (P=0.006 and P=0.030, respectively). Conclusions: HNF4γ is upregulated in the gastric cancer tissues and related with the poor prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. Overexpression of HNF4γ promotes the proliferation and remains the stemness of gastric cancer cells by upregulating the expression of CD44.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y X Jia
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - H Tang
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Hospital Affiliated Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Z W Chang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - H J Fan
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - X Y Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Y R Qin
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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Lee Y, Yoon J, Ko D, Yu M, Lee S, Kim S. TMPRSS4 promotes cancer stem-like properties in prostate cancer cells through upregulation of SOX2 by SLUG and TWIST1. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:372. [PMID: 34809669 PMCID: PMC8607621 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02147-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Transmembrane serine protease 4 (TMPRSS4) is a cell surface–anchored serine protease. Elevated expression of TMPRSS4 correlates with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, prostate cancer, non–small cell lung cancer, and other cancers. Previously, we demonstrated that TMPRSS4 promotes invasion and proliferation of prostate cancer cells. Here, we investigated whether TMPRSS4 confers cancer stem–like properties to prostate cancer cells and characterized the underlying mechanisms. Methods Acquisition of cancer stem–like properties by TMPRSS4 was examined by monitoring anchorage-independent growth, tumorsphere formation, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activation, and resistance to anoikis and drugs in vitro and in an early metastasis model in vivo. The underlying molecular mechanisms were evaluated, focusing on stemness-related factors regulated by epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-inducing transcription factors. Clinical expression and significance of TMPRSS4 and stemness-associated factors were explored by analyzing datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Results TMPRSS4 promoted anchorage-independent growth, ALDH activation, tumorsphere formation, and therapeutic resistance of prostate cancer cells. In addition, TMPRSS4 promoted resistance to anoikis, thereby increasing survival of circulating tumor cells and promoting early metastasis. These features were accompanied by upregulation of stemness-related factors such as SOX2, BMI1, and CD133. SLUG and TWIST1, master EMT-inducing transcription factors, made essential contributions to TMPRSS4-mediated cancer stem cell (CSC) features through upregulation of SOX2. SLUG stabilized SOX2 via preventing proteasomal degradation through its interaction with SOX2, while TWIST1 upregulated transcription of SOX2 by interacting with the proximal E-box element in the SOX2 promoter. Clinical data showed that TMPRSS4 expression correlated with the levels of SOX2, PROM1, SNAI2, and TWIST1. Expression of SOX2 was positively correlated with that of TWIST1, but not with other EMT-inducing transcription factors, in various cancer cell lines. Conclusions Together, these findings suggest that TMPRSS4 promotes CSC features in prostate cancer through upregulation of the SLUG- and TWIST1-induced stem cell factor SOX2 beyond EMT. Thus, TMPRSS4/SLUG–TWIST1/SOX2 axis may represent a novel mechanism involved in the control of tumor progression. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02147-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhee Lee
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Junghwa Yoon
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejon, 34141, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Dongjoon Ko
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Minyeong Yu
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Soojin Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Semi Kim
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejon, 34141, South Korea. .,Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejon, 34113, South Korea.
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Jo JH, Kim SA, Lee JH, Park YR, Kim C, Park SB, Jung DE, Lee HS, Chung MJ, Song SY. GLRX3, a novel cancer stem cell-related secretory biomarker of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1241. [PMID: 34794402 PMCID: PMC8603516 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08898-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are implicated in carcinogenesis, cancer progression, and recurrence. Several biomarkers have been described for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) CSCs; however, their function and mechanism remain unclear. Method In this study, secretome analysis was performed in pancreatic CSC-enriched spheres and control adherent cells for biomarker discovery. Glutaredoxin3 (GLRX3), a novel candidate upregulated in spheres, was evaluated for its function and clinical implication. Results PDAC CSC populations, cell lines, patient tissues, and blood samples demonstrated GLRX3 overexpression. In contrast, GLRX3 silencing decreased the in vitro proliferation, migration, clonogenicity, and sphere formation of cells. GLRX3 knockdown also reduced tumor formation and growth in vivo. GLRX3 was found to regulate Met/PI3K/AKT signaling and stemness-related molecules. ELISA results indicated GLRX3 overexpression in the serum of patients with PDAC compared to that in healthy controls. The sensitivity and specificity of GLRX3 for PDAC diagnosis were 80.0 and 100%, respectively. When GLRX3 and CA19–9 were combined, sensitivity was significantly increased to 98.3% compared to that with GLRX3 or CA19–9 alone. High GLRX3 expression was also associated with poor disease-free survival in patients receiving curative surgery. Conclusion Overall, these results indicate GLRX3 as a novel diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for PDAC targeting CSCs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08898-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hyun Jo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Sun A Kim
- Cowell Biodigm Co., Ltd, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Yu Rang Park
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Chanyang Kim
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Soo Been Park
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Dawoon E Jung
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Hee Seung Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Moon Jae Chung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Si Young Song
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea. .,Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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236
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Song IS, Jeong YJ, Jung Y, Park YH, Shim S, Kim SJ, Eom DW, Hong SM, Lee PCW, Kim SU, Jang SW. The sulfiredoxin-peroxiredoxin redox system regulates the stemness and survival of colon cancer stem cells. Redox Biol 2021; 48:102190. [PMID: 34798428 PMCID: PMC8605387 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) initiate tumor formation and are known to be resistant to chemotherapy. A metabolic alteration in CSCs plays a critical role in stemness and survival. However, the association between mitochondrial energy metabolism and the redox system remains undefined in colon CSCs. In this study, we assessed the role of the Sulfiredoxin-Peroxiredoxin (Srx-Prx) redox system and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in maintaining the stemness and survival of colon CSCs. Notably, Srx contributed to the stability of PrxI, PrxII, and PrxIII proteins in colon CSCs. Increased Srx expression promoted the stemness and survival of CSCs and was important for the maintenance of the mitochondrial OXPHOS system. Furthermore, Nrf2 and FoxM1 led to OXPHOS activation and upregulated expression of Srx-Prx redox system-related genes. Therefore, the Nrf2/FoxM1-induced Srx-Prx redox system is a potential therapeutic target for eliminating CSCs in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Sung Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ulsan University, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 138-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jeong Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ulsan University, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 138-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Yena Jung
- Futuristic Animal Resource &Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungchenongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Park
- Futuristic Animal Resource &Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungchenongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB, School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungbo Shim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joo Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 138-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Woon Eom
- Department of Pathology, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Mo Hong
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 138-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Peter C W Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ulsan University, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 138-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Uk Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource &Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungchenongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB, School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Wuk Jang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ulsan University, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 138-736, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 138-736, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 138-736, Republic of Korea.
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237
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Shi P, Li Y, Guo Q. Circular RNA circPIP5K1A contributes to cancer stemness of osteosarcoma by miR-515-5p/YAP axis. J Transl Med 2021; 19:464. [PMID: 34774083 PMCID: PMC8590363 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03124-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is a common type of bone tumors and frequently occurs in children and adolescents. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a unique sub-type of self-renewal cancer cells and the stemness of cancer cells are involved in the spread, recurrence, metastasis, and even therapeutic resistance. However, the regulation mechanisms of CSCs in osteosarcoma are poorly understood. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a unique sort of non-coding RNAs and widely participate in the modulation of cancer progression. Methods In this study, we identified the critical function of circular RNA circPIP5K1A in stemness of osteosarcoma cells. Results CircPIP5K1A expression was significantly enhanced in clinical osteosarcoma tissues compared with the adjacent normal tissues. The depletion of circPIP5K1A by siRNA repressed osteosarcoma cell viabilities and induced osteosarcoma cell apoptosis. The suppression of circPIP5K1A attenuated the capabilities of invasion and migration of osteosarcoma cells. The circPIP5K1A knockdown increased E-Cadherin expression and decreased Vimentin expression in osteosarcoma cells. The sphere formation abilities of osteosarcoma cells were repressed by the depletion of circPIP5K1A. The CD133+CD44+ cell population of osteosarcoma cells was reduced by circPIP5K1A knockdown. The expression of ALDH1 and Nanog was decreased by the inhibition of circPIP5K1A in osteosarcoma cells. Mechanically, circPIP5K1A enhanced YAP expression by targeting miR-515-5p. MiR-515-5p inhibited stemness of osteosarcoma cells. The CSCs properties of osteosarcoma cells were repressed by circPIP5K1A knockdown or miR-515-5p mimic, while miR-515-5p inhibitor or YAP overexpression reversed circPIP5K1A knockdown-induced repression. Tumor xenograft analysis in nude mice demonstrated that the depletion of circPIP5K1A represses osteosarcoma cell growth in vivo. Conclusion In conclusion, we identified that circular RNA circPIP5K1A contributed to cancer stemness of osteosarcoma by miR-515-5p/YAP axis. Targeting circPIP5K1A may be considered as a potential therapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxu Shi
- Department of Bone Surgery, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, No. 33 Wenyi Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yueting Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingsheng Guo
- Department of Bone Surgery, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, No. 33 Wenyi Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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238
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Phon BWS, Kamarudin MNA, Bhuvanendran S, Radhakrishnan AK. Transitioning pre-clinical glioblastoma models to clinical settings with biomarkers identified in 3D cell-based models: A systematic scoping review. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112396. [PMID: 34775238 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) remains incurable despite the overwhelming discovery of 2-dimensional (2D) cell-based potential therapeutics since the majority of them have met unsatisfactory results in animal and clinical settings. Incremental empirical evidence has laid the widespread need of transitioning 2D to 3-dimensional (3D) cultures that better mimic GBM's complex and heterogenic nature to allow better translation of pre-clinical results. This systematic scoping review analyses the transcriptomic data involving 3D models of GBM against 2D models from 22 studies identified from four databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Medline, and Embase). From a total of 499 genes reported in these studies, 313 (63%) genes were upregulated across 3D models cultured using different scaffolds. Our analysis showed that 4 of the replicable upregulated genes are associated with GBM stemness, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), hypoxia, and migration-related genes regardless of the type of scaffolds, displaying close resemblances to primitive undifferentiated tumour phenotypes that are associated with decreased overall survival and increased hazard ratio in GBM patients. The upregulation of drug response and drug efflux genes (e.g. cytochrome P450s and ABC transporters) mirrors the GBM genetic landscape that contributes to in vivo and clinical treatment resistance. These upregulated genes displayed strong protein-protein interactions when analysed using an online bioinformatics software (STRING). These findings reinforce the need for widespread transition to 3D GBM models as a relatively inexpensive humanised pre-clinical tool with suitable genetic biomarkers to bridge clinical gaps in potential therapeutic evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Wee Siang Phon
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad N A Kamarudin
- Brain Research Institute Monash Sunway, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Saatheeyavaane Bhuvanendran
- Brain Research Institute Monash Sunway, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ammu K Radhakrishnan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
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239
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Bley IA, Zwick A, Hans MC, Thieser K, Wagner V, Ludwig N, Khalmurzaev O, Matveev VB, Loertzer P, Pryalukhin A, Hartmann A, Geppert CI, Loertzer H, Wunderlich H, Naumann CM, Kalthoff H, Junker K, Smola S, Lohse S. DKK1 inhibits canonical Wnt signaling in human papillomavirus-positive penile cancer cells. Transl Oncol 2021; 15:101267. [PMID: 34773828 PMCID: PMC8592926 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated expression of Wnt pathway associated factors in HPV-positive penile cancer cells. lacking nuclear beta-catenin translocation indicated an actively abrogated Wnt signaling. elevated expression of the Wnt antagonist DKK1 in HPV-positive penile cancer cells. DKK1-driven autocrine Wnt pathway inhibition in penile cancer cells. DKK1+ penile cancers are with a higher frequency HPV+, less differentiated and grow more aggressively.
Penile squamous cell cancer (PSCC) is the most frequent penile malignant disease. Infections with human papillomaviruses (HPV) are a major etiologic driver of PSCC. However, the molecular details of the underlying carcinogenesis are understudied because of rare clinical specimens and missing cell lines. Here, we investigated if the expression of high-risk HPV16 oncogenes causes an augmentation of the Wnt pathway using unique HPV-positive penile cancer (PeCa) cell lines in monolayer and organotypic 3D raft cultures as well as tissue micro arrays containing clinical tissue specimens. The HPV oncoproteins enhanced the expression of Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 6 (LGR6) and the HPV-positive PeCa cells expressed a signature of Wnt target and stemness-associated genes. However, the notable lack of nuclear β-catenin in vitro and in situ raised the question if the enhanced expression of Wnt pathway factors is tantamount to an active Wnt signaling. Subsequent TOP-flash reporter assays revealed Wnt signaling as absent and not inducible by respective Wnt ligands in PeCa cell lines. The HPV-positive PeCa cells and especially HPV-positive PeCa specimens of the tumor core expressed the Wnt antagonist and negative feedback-regulator Dickkopf1 (DKK1). Subsequent neutralization experiments using PeCa cell line-conditioned media demonstrated that DKK1 is capable to impair ligand-induced Wnt signaling. While gene expression analyses suggested an augmented and active canonical Wnt pathway, the respective signaling was inhibited due to the endogenous expression of the antagonist DKK1. Subsequent TMA stainings indicated Dkk1 as linked with HPV-positivity and metastatic disease progression in PeCa suggesting potential as a prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Ariane Bley
- Institute of Virology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Str. Building 47, Homburg 66421, Germany
| | - Anabel Zwick
- Institute of Virology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Str. Building 47, Homburg 66421, Germany
| | - Muriel Charlotte Hans
- Institute of Virology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Str. Building 47, Homburg 66421, Germany
| | - Katrin Thieser
- Institute of Virology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Str. Building 47, Homburg 66421, Germany
| | - Viktoria Wagner
- Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Nicole Ludwig
- Department of Human Genetics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Oybek Khalmurzaev
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany; Department of Urology, Federal State Budgetary Institution, "N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology" оf the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vsevolod Borisovich Matveev
- Department of Urology, Federal State Budgetary Institution, "N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology" оf the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Philine Loertzer
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Alexey Pryalukhin
- Institute of Pathology, Saarland University Medical Centre, Homburg, Germany; Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Hagen Loertzer
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Westpfalz Klinikum, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Heiko Wunderlich
- Department of Urology and Paediatric Urology, St. Georg Klinikum, Eisenach, Germany
| | - Carsten Maik Naumann
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Holger Kalthoff
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kerstin Junker
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Sigrun Smola
- Institute of Virology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Str. Building 47, Homburg 66421, Germany
| | - Stefan Lohse
- Institute of Virology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Str. Building 47, Homburg 66421, Germany.
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240
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Xiong J, Yan L, Zou C, Wang K, Chen M, Xu B, Zhou Z, Zhang D. Integrins regulate stemness in solid tumor: an emerging therapeutic target. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:177. [PMID: 34715893 PMCID: PMC8555177 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01192-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins are the adhesion molecules and transmembrane receptors that consist of α and β subunits. After binding to extracellular matrix components, integrins trigger intracellular signaling and regulate a wide spectrum of cellular functions, including cell survival, proliferation, differentiation and migration. Since the pattern of integrins expression is a key determinant of cell behavior in response to microenvironmental cues, deregulation of integrins caused by various mechanisms has been causally linked to cancer development and progression in several solid tumor types. In this review, we discuss the integrin signalosome with a highlight of a few key pro-oncogenic pathways elicited by integrins, and uncover the mutational and transcriptomic landscape of integrin-encoding genes across human cancers. In addition, we focus on the integrin-mediated control of cancer stem cell and tumor stemness in general, such as tumor initiation, epithelial plasticity, organotropic metastasis and drug resistance. With insights into how integrins contribute to the stem-like functions, we now gain better understanding of the integrin signalosome, which will greatly assist novel therapeutic development and more precise clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangling Xiong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan Province, China.,College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lianlian Yan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan Province, China.,College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan Province, China
| | - Cheng Zou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan Province, China.,College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan Province, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mengjie Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan Province, China.,College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan Province, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Zhipeng Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Dingxiao Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan Province, China. .,College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan Province, China.
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241
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Stevanovic M, Kovacevic-Grujicic N, Mojsin M, Milivojevic M, Drakulic D. SOX transcription factors and glioma stem cells: Choosing between stemness and differentiation. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1417-1445. [PMID: 34786152 PMCID: PMC8567447 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i10.1417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, most aggressive and deadliest brain tumor. Recently, remarkable progress has been made towards understanding the cellular and molecular biology of gliomas. GBM tumor initiation, progression and relapse as well as resistance to treatments are associated with glioma stem cells (GSCs). GSCs exhibit a high proliferation rate and self-renewal capacity and the ability to differentiate into diverse cell types, generating a range of distinct cell types within the tumor, leading to cellular heterogeneity. GBM tumors may contain different subsets of GSCs, and some of them may adopt a quiescent state that protects them against chemotherapy and radiotherapy. GSCs enriched in recurrent gliomas acquire more aggressive and therapy-resistant properties, making them more malignant, able to rapidly spread. The impact of SOX transcription factors (TFs) on brain tumors has been extensively studied in the last decade. Almost all SOX genes are expressed in GBM, and their expression levels are associated with patient prognosis and survival. Numerous SOX TFs are involved in the maintenance of the stemness of GSCs or play a role in the initiation of GSC differentiation. The fine-tuning of SOX gene expression levels controls the balance between cell stemness and differentiation. Therefore, innovative therapies targeting SOX TFs are emerging as promising tools for combatting GBM. Combatting GBM has been a demanding and challenging goal for decades. The current therapeutic strategies have not yet provided a cure for GBM and have only resulted in a slight improvement in patient survival. Novel approaches will require the fine adjustment of multimodal therapeutic strategies that simultaneously target numerous hallmarks of cancer cells to win the battle against GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Stevanovic
- Laboratory for Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11042, Serbia
- Chair Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11158, Serbia
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
| | - Natasa Kovacevic-Grujicic
- Laboratory for Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11042, Serbia
| | - Marija Mojsin
- Laboratory for Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11042, Serbia
| | - Milena Milivojevic
- Laboratory for Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11042, Serbia
| | - Danijela Drakulic
- Laboratory for Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11042, Serbia
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242
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Li Y, Xun J, Wang B, Ma Y, Zhang L, Yang L, Gao R, Guan J, Liu T, Gao H, Wang X, Zhang Q. miR-3065-3p promotes stemness and metastasis by targeting CRLF1 in colorectal cancer. J Transl Med 2021; 19:429. [PMID: 34656128 PMCID: PMC8520297 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03102-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancy in the world. It has been reported that cancer stem cells (CSCs) serve as the primary drivers of tumorigenesis and tumor progression. There is an urgent need to explore novel molecules that regulate CSCs or their signatures. Increasing evidence has shown that miRNAs are involved in tumorigenesis and progression. Here, we aim to explore the regulatory effect and mechanism of miR-3065-3p on the stemness of colorectal cancer. METHODS The expression of miR-3065-3p in colorectal cancer and the association of miR-3065-3p expression with prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer were analyzed using TCGA dataset or clinical cases. Gain or loss of function in different models, including colorectal cancer cell lines and orthotopic xenograft or liver metastatic mouse model, were used to investigate the effects of miR-3065-3p on colorectal cancer stemness and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Cancer stemness was analyzed by detecting the ability of migration and invasion, NANOG, OCT4, and SOX2 expression, ALDH activity and sphere formation. In addition, the interaction of miR-3065-3p and cytokine receptor-like factor 1 (CRLF1) was analyzed theoretically and identified by the luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, the correlation between CRLF1 expression and miR-3065-3p was analyzed in colorectal cancer tissues. Finally, the effect of CRLF1 on the stemness and metastasis of colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo was assessed. RESULTS In this report, we found that miR-3065-3p was overexpressed in colorectal cancer and that its high expression was associated with poor prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. miR-3065-3p promotes the stemness and metastasis of colorectal cancer. Furthermore, CRLF1 was the downstream target of miR-3065-3p and inhibited the stemness of colorectal cancer. In addition, CRLF1 expression was negatively correlated with miR-3065-3p in colorectal cancer tissues. And, CRLF1 mediated the effects of miR-3065-3p on promoting stemness of colorectal cancer cells. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that miR-3065-3p promoted the stemness and metastasis of colorectal cancer by targeting CRLF1. miR-3065-3p might serve as a promising prognostic marker as well as a therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Li
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Xun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (ITCWM) Repair, Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases, Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Botao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (ITCWM) Repair, Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (ITCWM) Repair, Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lanqiu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (ITCWM) Repair, Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases, Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (ITCWM) Repair, Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases, Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruifang Gao
- Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Guan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (ITCWM) Repair, Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (ITCWM) Repair, Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hejun Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (ITCWM) Repair, Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ximo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (ITCWM) Repair, Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases, Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (ITCWM) Repair, Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases, Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
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243
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Zhu K, Liu X, Liu C, Xu Y, Fu Y, Dong W, Yan Y, Wang W, Qian C. AKT inhibitor AZD5363 suppresses stemness and promotes anti-cancer activity of 3,3'-diindolylmethane in human breast cancer cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 429:115700. [PMID: 34464674 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) is a dimer compound converted from Indoly-3-carbinol that had been studied as promising chemo-preventive agent against breast cancer. In this study, we observed that proportion of CD133+Nanog+ subpopulation in MCF-7 cells was significantly increased after DIM administration with up-regulated AKT activity by using CyTOF assay. SPADE analysis revealed this stem-like subpopulation exhibited apoptosis-resistance property against DIM treatment. By combining with AKT inhibitor AZD5363, DIM induced CD133 expression could be suppressed. In addition, a combination treatment of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells with DIM and AZD5363 showed synergistic decreases in cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, results from imaging flow cytometry suggested that FoxO3a nuclear localization and PUMA expression could be improved by combination of AZD5363 with DIM. Taken together, the above observations suggested that the combination of AZD5363 with DIM could be developed as potential therapy for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Zhu
- Department of breast cancer surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of breast cancer surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Chunxiao Liu
- Department of breast cancer surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Yuting Xu
- Department of breast cancer surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Yingqiang Fu
- Department of breast cancer surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of breast cancer surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Yadong Yan
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Cheng Qian
- Department of breast cancer surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China; North China Translational Medicine Research Center of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China.
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244
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Sha X, Wang K, Wang F, Zhang C, Yang L, Zhu X. Silencing PFKP restrains the stemness of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Exp Cell Res 2021; 407:112789. [PMID: 34418458 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycolysis reprogramming is deeply involved in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in which HCC cells with stemness traits play important roles as well. Thus, whether platelet isoform of phosphofructokinase 1 (PFKP), a rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis, contributes to the maintenance of stemness of HCC cells is worth investigation. METHODS PFKP levels were compared between human hepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent normal tissues by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The relationship between PFKP expression and clinic pathological features was also analyzed. Furthermore, the colony formation capabilities and the levels of stemness markers (ALDH1, CD44, CD133, Sox-2) as well as β-catenin were compared between HCC cells either undergoing PFKP silencing or overexpression. RESULTS PFKP levels were higher in HCC as compared to normal hepatic tissues. Silencing PFKP decreased HCC proliferation, colony formation capabilities, and levels of stemness markers and β-catenin; whereas overexpressing PFKP demonstrated the opposite effects. CONCLUSION PFKP promoted HCC proliferation and contributed to the maintenance of HCC stemness. Silencing PFKP could restrain the stemness of HCC, suggesting that PFKP may be a potential therapeutic target for HCC treatment.
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245
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Li W, Xin X, Li X, Geng J, Sun Y. Exosomes secreted by M2 macrophages promote cancer stemness of hepatocellular carcinoma via the miR-27a-3p/TXNIP pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:107585. [PMID: 34601333 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Accumulating evidence has suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) derived from M2 macrophage-derived exosomes (M2 exosomes) can regulate the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nevertheless, the effect of miR-27a-3p derived from M2 exosomes on HCC has not been reported. We aim to explore the role of M2 exosomal miR-27a-3p in the cancer stemness of HCC via regulating thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP). METHODS Exosomes were extracted from transfected M2 macrophages and were then co-cultured with HCC cells. Expression of miR-27a-3p and TXNIP, stemness, proliferation, drug resistance, migration, invasion and in vivo tumorigenicity of HCC cells were determined to assess the role of M2 exosomal miR-27a-3p in HCC. The binding relationship between miR-27a-3p and TXNIP was detected. RESULTS MiR-27a-3p was upregulated and TXNIP was downregulated in HCC cells, and M2 exosomes further upregulated miR-27a-3p. The upregulated M2 exosomal miR-27a-3p promoted stemness, proliferation, drug resistance, migration, invasion and in vivo tumorigenicity of HCC cells. TXNIP was confirmed as a target gene of miR-27a-3p. CONCLUSION M2 macrophages-derived exosomal miR-27a-3p promotes cancer stemness of HCC via downregulating TXNIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiao Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Municipal Hospital of Weihai, Weihai 264200, China.
| | - Xiaowen Xin
- Department of Clinical Lab, The Municipal Hospital of Weihai, Weihai 264200, China
| | - Xiujun Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Municipal Hospital of Weihai, Weihai 264200, China
| | - Jianli Geng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Municipal Hospital of Weihai, Weihai 264200, China
| | - Yunfu Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Municipal Hospital of Weihai, Weihai 264200, China
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Abstract
Myeloid cells infiltrating tumors are gaining ever growing attention in the last years because their pro-tumor and immunosuppressive functions are relevant for disease progression and therapeutic responses. The functional ambiguity of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), mostly promoting tumor evolution, is a challenging hurdle. This is even more evident in the case of cancer stem cells (CSCs); as active participants in the specialized environment of the cancer stem cell niche, TAMs initiate a reciprocal conversation with CSCs. TAMs contribute to protect CSCs from the hostile environment (exogenous insults, toxic compounds, attacks from the immune cells), and produce several biologically active mediators that modulate crucial developmental pathways that sustain cancer cell stemness. In this review, we have focused our attention on the interaction between TAMs and CSCs; we describe how TAMs impact on CSC biology and, in turn, how CSCs exploit the tissue trophic activity of macrophages to survive and progress. Since CSCs are responsible for therapy resistance and tumor recurrence, they are important therapeutic targets. In view of the recent success in oncology obtained by stimulating the immune system, we discuss some macrophage-targeted therapeutic strategies that may also affect the CSCs and interrupt their malevolent alliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Allavena
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center -IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, MI, Italy.
| | - Elisabeth Digifico
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center -IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, MI, Italy
| | - Cristina Belgiovine
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center -IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, MI, Italy
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247
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Goutas A, Trachana V. Stem cells' centrosomes: How can organelles identified 130 years ago contribute to the future of regenerative medicine? World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1177-1196. [PMID: 34630857 PMCID: PMC8474719 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i9.1177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
At the core of regenerative medicine lies the expectation of repair or replacement of damaged tissues or whole organs. Donor scarcity and transplant rejection are major obstacles, and exactly the obstacles that stem cell-based therapy promises to overcome. These therapies demand a comprehensive understanding of the asymmetric division of stem cells, i.e. their ability to produce cells with identical potency or differentiated cells. It is believed that with better understanding, researchers will be able to direct stem cell differentiation. Here, we describe extraordinary advances in manipulating stem cell fate that show that we need to focus on the centrosome and the centrosome-derived primary cilium. This belief comes from the fact that this organelle is the vehicle that coordinates the asymmetric division of stem cells. This is supported by studies that report the significant role of the centrosome/cilium in orchestrating signaling pathways that dictate stem cell fate. We anticipate that there is sufficient evidence to place this organelle at the center of efforts that will shape the future of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Goutas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larisa 41500, Biopolis, Greece
| | - Varvara Trachana
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larisa 41500, Biopolis, Greece.
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248
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Royo-García A, Courtois S, Parejo-Alonso B, Espiau-Romera P, Sancho P. Lipid droplets as metabolic determinants for stemness and chemoresistance in cancer. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1307-1317. [PMID: 34630864 PMCID: PMC8474722 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i9.1307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously regarded as simple fat storage particles, new evidence suggests that lipid droplets (LDs) are dynamic and functional organelles involved in key cellular processes such as membrane biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, cell signalling and inflammation. Indeed, an increased LD content is one of the most apparent features resulting from lipid metabolism reprogramming necessary to support the basic functions of cancer cells. LDs have been associated to different cellular processes involved in cancer progression and aggressiveness, such as tumorigenicity, invasion and metastasis, as well as chemoresistance. Interestingly, all of these processes are controlled by a subpopulation of highly aggressive tumoral cells named cancer stem cells (CSCs), suggesting that LDs may be fundamental elements for stemness in cancer. Considering the key role of CSCs on chemoresistance and disease relapse, main factors of therapy failure, the design of novel therapeutic approaches targeting these cells may be the only chance for long-term survival in cancer patients. In this sense, their biology and functional properties render LDs excellent candidates for target discovery and design of combined therapeutic strategies. In this review, we summarise the current knowledge identifying LDs and CSCs as main contributors to cancer aggressiveness, metastasis and chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Royo-García
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Sarah Courtois
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | | | | | - Patricia Sancho
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
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Liu C, Pan Z, Chen Q, Chen Z, Liu W, Wu L, Jiang M, Lin W, Zhang Y, Lin W, Zhou R, Zhao L. Pharmacological targeting PTK6 inhibits the JAK2/STAT3 sustained stemness and reverses chemoresistance of colorectal cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:297. [PMID: 34551797 PMCID: PMC8456648 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02059-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Chemoresistance is the major cause of chemotherapy failure in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Protein tyrosine kinase 6 (PTK6) is aberrantly overexpressed in clinical CRC tissues undergoing chemotherapy. We studied if PTK6 contributed to the chemoresistance of CRC in human and mice. Methods We obtained tissue samples from patients with CRC and measured the expression of PTK6 by immunohistochemistry. Gain- and loss-of-function assays were performed to study the biological functions of PTK6. We constructed the FLAG-tagged wild type (WT), kinase-dead, and inhibition-defective recombinant mutants of PTK6 to study the effect phosphorylated activation of PTK6 played on CRC cell stemness and chemoresistance. We used small molecule inhibitor XMU-MP-2 to test the influence of PTK6 on sensitivity of CRC cells to 5-FU/L-OHP in both nude mouse and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) animal models. Results PTK6 is overexpressed in CRC tissues and plays a stimulatory role in the proliferation and chemoresistance of CRC cells both in vitro and in vivo. PTK6, especially the phosphorylated PTK6, can promote the stemness of CRC cells through interacting with JAK2 and phosphorylating it to activate the JAK2/STAT3 signaling. Pharmacological inhibition of PTK6 using XMU-MP-2 effectively reduces the stemness property of CRC cells and improves its chemosensitivity to 5-FU/L-OHP in both nude mice subcutaneously implanted tumor model and PDX model constructed with NOD-SCID mice. Conclusions PTK6 interacts with JAK2 and phosphorylates it to activate JAK2/STAT3 signaling to promote the stemness and chemoresistance of CRC cells. Pharmacological inhibition of PTK6 by small molecule inhibitor dramatically enhances the sensitivity to chemotherapy in nude mice and PDX models. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02059-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Liu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihua Pan
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zetao Chen
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Wu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muhong Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wandie Lin
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weihao Lin
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Liu D, Ke J, Liu Y, Rao H, Tang Z, Liu Y, Zhang Z, You L, Luo X, Sun Z, He Z, Li F, Qiu Z, Hu J, Mbadhi MN, Tang J, Wu F, Li S. The interaction between PDCD4 and YB1 is critical for cervical cancer stemness and cisplatin resistance. Mol Carcinog 2021; 60:813-825. [PMID: 34499772 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cancer multidrug resistance (MDR) is existence in stem cell-like cancer cells characterized by stemness including high-proliferation and self-renewal. Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), as a proapoptotic gene, whether it engaged in cancer stemness and cisplatin resistance is still unknown. Here we showed that PDCD4 expressions in Hela/DDP (cisplatin resistance) cells were lower than in parental Hela cells. Moreover, the levels of drug resistance genes and typical stemness markers were markedly elevated in Hela/DDP cells. In vivo, xenograft tumor assay confirmed that knockdown of PDCD4 accelerated the grafted tumor growth. In vitro, colony formation and MTT assay demonstrated that PDCD4 overexpression inhibited cells proliferation in conditions with or without cisplatin. By contrast, PDCD4 deficiency provoked cell proliferation and cisplatin resistance. On mechanism, PDCD4 decreased the protein levels of pAKT and pYB1, accompanied by reduced MDR1 expression. Correspondingly, luciferase reporter assay showed PDCD4 regulated MDR1 promoter activity entirely relied on YB1. Furthermore, Ch-IP, GST-pulldown, and Co-IP assays provided novel evidence that PDCD4 could directly bind with YB1 by the nucleolar localization signal (NOLS) segment, causing the reduced YB1 binding into the MDR1 promoter region through blocking YB1 nucleus translocation, triggering the decreased MDR1 transcription. Taken together, PDCD4-pAKT-pYB1 forms the integrated molecular network to regulate MDR1 transcription during the process of stemness-associated cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Central hospital of Xiaogan, Xiaogan, P. R. China
| | - Jing Ke
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Huiling Rao
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Tang
- Department of Integrated Medicine, Dongfeng Hospital of Guoyao, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyang Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Lei You
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyin Luo
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Zequn Sun
- Department of Digestive Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun He
- Department of Digestive Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Fei Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Zhengpeng Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | | | - Junming Tang
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Fuyun Wu
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Shan Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China.,Department of Integrated Medicine, Dongfeng Hospital of Guoyao, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China.,Department of Digestive Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
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