201
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Chen H, Pi C, Chen M, Du X, Cui Y, Zhang D, Guo Q, Xie J, Zhou X. Runx1 alleviates osteoarthritis progression in aging mice. J Histotechnol 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37966852 DOI: 10.1080/01478885.2023.2281790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
With rates growing quickly with age, osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common cause of chronic disability in aging persons. The discomfort and reduced motion associated with osteoarthritis have a significant impact on quality of life, and there is no known solution. Runt-related transcription factor 1(Runx1) has been shown to play a protective role in the development of osteoarthritis by promoting chondrogenesis. We had created models of ageing mice with osteoarthritis by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) and analyzed the effects of intra-articular injection of adeno-associated virus/Runx1 (AAV/Runx1) on the models. The results showed that the AAV/Runx1-group maintained better articular cartilage integrity and retained more proteoglycan than the OA group after injection of AAV-Runx1. The markers related to pathological changes in cartilage were downregulated, while the markers related to physiological changes in cartilage were upregulated. This suggests that Runx1 may impede OA progression on the knee joint of ageing mice, potentially playing a protective role in OA and becoming a probable treatment target for osteoarthritis among ageing patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Caixia Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingyang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinmei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujia Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Demao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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202
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Hanse M, Akbar S, Layeghkhavidaki H, Yen FT. Garcinia cambogia Extract Increased Hepatic Levels of Lipolysis-Stimulated Lipoprotein Receptor and Lipids in Mice on Normal Diet. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16298. [PMID: 38003494 PMCID: PMC10671705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Garcinia cambogia extract (GCE) is a popular weight-loss supplement that also lowers plasma triglyceride (TG) levels. We hypothesized that GCE-mediated inhibition of ATP citrate lyase and thereby hepatic TG production could lead to compensatory mechanisms, including increased hepatic TG uptake via lipoprotein receptors. GCE (20 mg/day) administered 40 days orally to female C57BL/6Rj mice on a standard chow diet led to a decrease in both plasma fasting and post-prandial TG-rich lipoprotein levels, but with no significant change in body weight gain. Lipolysis stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR) protein levels, but not those of LDL-receptor, were increased as compared to controls. Mouse Hepa1-6 cells treated with the GCE active ingredient, hydroxycitrate, also led to increased LSR protein levels. Hepatic total cholesterol, TG, and muscle TG contents were higher in GCE-treated animals as compared to controls, whereas adipose TG levels were unchanged. LSR and LDL-receptor protein levels were correlated with liver total cholesterol, but only LDL-receptor was associated with liver TG. These results show that GCE treatment in mice on a standard chow diet led to significantly increased liver and muscle lipids, with no significant change in adipose tissue TG levels, which should be considered in the long-term use of GCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Hanse
- EA 4422 Lipidomix Laboratory, University of Lorraine, 54505 Nancy, France
| | - Samina Akbar
- EA 4422 Lipidomix Laboratory, University of Lorraine, 54505 Nancy, France
- Quality of Diet and Aging Team, UR 3998 Animal and Functionality of Animal Products Laboratory, University of Lorraine, 54505 Nancy, France
| | - Hamed Layeghkhavidaki
- Quality of Diet and Aging Team, UR 3998 Animal and Functionality of Animal Products Laboratory, University of Lorraine, 54505 Nancy, France
| | - Frances T. Yen
- EA 4422 Lipidomix Laboratory, University of Lorraine, 54505 Nancy, France
- Quality of Diet and Aging Team, UR 3998 Animal and Functionality of Animal Products Laboratory, University of Lorraine, 54505 Nancy, France
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203
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Hernández Guerrero T, Baños N, del Puerto Nevado L, Mahillo-Fernandez I, Doger De-Speville B, Calvo E, Wick M, García-Foncillas J, Moreno V. Patient Characteristics Associated with Growth of Patient-Derived Tumor Implants in Mice (Patient-Derived Xenografts). Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5402. [PMID: 38001663 PMCID: PMC10670531 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) have defined the field of translational cancer research in recent years, becoming one of the most-used tools in early drug development. The process of establishing cancer models in mice has turned out to be challenging, since little research focuses on evaluating which factors impact engraftment success. We sought to determine the clinical, pathological, or molecular factors which may predict better engraftment rates in PDXs. Methods: between March 2017 and January 2021, tumor samples obtained from patients with primary or metastatic cancer were implanted into athymic nude mice. A full comprehensive evaluation of baseline factors associated with the patients and patients' tumors was performed, with the goal of potentially identifying predictive markers of engraftment. We focused on clinical (patient factors) pathological (patients' tumor samples) and molecular (patients' tumor samples) characteristics, analyzed either by immunohistochemistry (IHC) or next-generation sequencing (NGS), which were associated with the likelihood of final engraftment, as well as with tumor growth rates in xenografts. Results: a total of 585 tumor samples were collected and implanted. Twenty-one failed to engraft, due to lack of malignant cells. Of 564 tumor-positive samples, 187 (33.2%) grew at time of analysis. The study was able to find correlation and predictive value for engraftment for the following: the use of systemic antibiotics by the patient within 2 weeks of sampling (38.1% (72/189) antibiotics- group vs. 30.7% (115/375) no-antibiotics) (p = 0.048), and the administration of systemic steroids to the patients within 2 weeks of sampling (41.5% (34/48) steroids vs. 31.7% (153/329), no-steroids) (p = 0.049). Regarding patient's baseline tests, we found certain markers could help predict final engraftment success: for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, 34.1% (140/411) of tumors derived from patients with baseline blood LDH levels above the upper limit of normality (ULN) achieved growth, against 30.7% (47/153) with normal LDH (p = 0.047). Histological tumor characteristics, such as grade of differentiation, were also correlated. Grade 1: 25.4% (47/187), grade 2: 34.8% (65/187) and grade 3: 40.1% (75/187) tumors achieved successful growth (p = 0.043), suggesting the higher the grade, the higher the likelihood of success. Similarly, higher ki67 levels were also correlated with better engraftment rates: low (Ki67 < 15%): 8.9% (9/45) achieved growth vs. high (Ki67 ≥ 15%): 31% (35/113) (p: 0.002). Other markers of aggressiveness such as the presence of lymphovascular invasion in tumor sample of origin was also predictive: 42.2% (97/230) with lymphovascular vs. 26.9% (90/334) of samples with no invasion (p = 0.0001). From the molecular standpoint, mismatch-repair-deficient (MMRd) tumors showed better engraftment rates: 62.1% (18/29) achieved growth vs. 40.8% (75/184) of proficient tumors (p = 0.026). A total of 84 PDX were breast models, among which 57.9% (11/19) ER-negative models grew, vs. 15.4% (10/65) of ER-positive models (p = 0.0001), also consonant with ER-negative tumors being more aggressive. BRAFmut cancers are more likely to achieve engraftment during the development of PDX models. Lastly, tumor growth rates during first passages can help establish a cutoff point for the decision-making process during PDX development, since the higher the tumor grades, the higher the likelihood of success. Conclusions: tumors with higher grade and Ki67 protein expression, lymphovascular and/or perineural invasion, with dMMR and are negative for ER expression have a higher probability of achieving growth in the process of PDX development. The use of steroids and/or antibiotics in the patient prior to sampling can also impact the likelihood of success in PDX development. Lastly, establishing a cutoff point for tumor growth rates could guide the decision-making process during PDX development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalia Baños
- START Madrid—Fundación Jimenez Díaz University Hospital, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain (I.M.-F.); (B.D.D.-S.); (J.G.-F.); (V.M.)
| | | | - Ignacio Mahillo-Fernandez
- START Madrid—Fundación Jimenez Díaz University Hospital, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain (I.M.-F.); (B.D.D.-S.); (J.G.-F.); (V.M.)
- Translational Oncology Division, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Bernard Doger De-Speville
- START Madrid—Fundación Jimenez Díaz University Hospital, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain (I.M.-F.); (B.D.D.-S.); (J.G.-F.); (V.M.)
| | - Emiliano Calvo
- START Madrid—CIOCC HM Sanchinarro, C. de Oña, 10, 28050 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Michael Wick
- XENOStart START San Antonio, 4383 Medical Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA;
| | - Jesús García-Foncillas
- START Madrid—Fundación Jimenez Díaz University Hospital, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain (I.M.-F.); (B.D.D.-S.); (J.G.-F.); (V.M.)
- Translational Oncology Division, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Victor Moreno
- START Madrid—Fundación Jimenez Díaz University Hospital, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain (I.M.-F.); (B.D.D.-S.); (J.G.-F.); (V.M.)
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204
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Weber BL, Nicodemus MM, Hite AK, Spalding IR, Beaver JN, Scrimshaw LR, Kassis SK, Reichert JM, Ford MT, Russell CN, Hallal EM, Gilman TL. Heterotypic stressors unmask behavioral influences of PMAT deficiency in mice. bioRxiv 2023:2023.08.30.555632. [PMID: 37693400 PMCID: PMC10491137 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.30.555632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Certain life stressors having enduring physiological and behavioral consequences, in part by eliciting dramatic signaling shifts in monoamine neurotransmitters. High monoamine levels can overwhelm selective transporters like the serotonin transporter. This is when polyspecific transporters like plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT, Slc29a4) are hypothesized to contribute most to monoaminergic signaling regulation. Here, we employed two distinct counterbalanced stressors - fear conditioning, and swim stress - in mice to systematically determine how reductions in PMAT function affect heterotypic stressor responsivity. We hypothesized male heterozygotes would exhibit augmented stressor responses relative to female heterozygotes. Decreased PMAT function enhanced context fear expression, an effect unexpectedly obscured by a sham stress condition. Impaired cued fear extinction retention and enhanced context fear expression in males were conversely unmasked by a sham swim condition. Abrogated corticosterone levels in male heterozygotes that underwent swim stress after context fear conditioning did not map on to any measured behaviors. In sum, male heterozygous mouse fear behaviors proved malleable in response to preceding stressor or sham stress exposure. Combined, these data indicate reduced male PMAT function elicits a form of stress-responsive plasticity. Future studies should assess how PMAT is differentially affected across sexes and identify downstream consequences of the stress-shifted corticosterone dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brady L Weber
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Brain Health Research Institute, Healthy Communities Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Marissa M Nicodemus
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Brain Health Research Institute, Healthy Communities Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Allianna K Hite
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Brain Health Research Institute, Healthy Communities Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Isabella R Spalding
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Brain Health Research Institute, Healthy Communities Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Jasmin N Beaver
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Brain Health Research Institute, Healthy Communities Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Lauren R Scrimshaw
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Brain Health Research Institute, Healthy Communities Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Sarah K Kassis
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Brain Health Research Institute, Healthy Communities Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Julie M Reichert
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Brain Health Research Institute, Healthy Communities Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Matthew T Ford
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Brain Health Research Institute, Healthy Communities Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Cameron N Russell
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Brain Health Research Institute, Healthy Communities Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Elayna M Hallal
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Brain Health Research Institute, Healthy Communities Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - T Lee Gilman
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Brain Health Research Institute, Healthy Communities Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
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205
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Dai
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Translational Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Edward Benjamin Thorp
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA
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206
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Higashi M, Taharabaru S, Adachi YU, Satomoto M, Tamura T, Matsuda N, Sato-Boku A, Okuda M. Administration of lipid emulsion reduced the hypnotic potency of propofol more than that of thiamylal in mice. Exp Anim 2023; 72:468-474. [PMID: 37271538 PMCID: PMC10658092 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.23-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Administration in a lipid emulsion can modify the pharmacodynamics of drugs via a process known as lipid resuscitation. However, the detailed mechanism remains unclear. We studied the volume and another pharmacodynamic effect, the lipid sink, using propofol and thiamylal. Male adult mice (ddY) were intravenously administered 10 ml/kg propofol or thiamylal diluted with physiological saline, 10% soybean oil, or 20% soybean oil. The 50% effective dose (ED50) for achieving hypnosis was calculated using probit analysis. To investigate the volume effect, 0, 10, or 20 ml/kg of saline or soybean oil was administered, either simultaneously or beforehand. Next, a two- or three-fold dose of the anesthetics was administered and the durations of anesthesia were measured. Finally, at 30 s after the first injection, supplemental soybean oil was administered. The mean (± SE) ED50 values of propofol and thiamylal were 5.79 mg/kg (0.61) and 8.83 mg/kg (0.84), respectively. Lipid dilution increased the ED50 values of both anesthetics. After injection of a dose two-fold the ED50 value, the respective mean (± SD) durations of anesthesia were 125 ± 35 s and 102 ± 38 s. Supplemental administration of soybean oil significantly shortened the duration of anesthesia of propofol, but not that of thiamylal. The results indicate that administration of a lipid emulsion vitiated the anesthetic effect of propofol by reducing the non-emulsified free fraction in the aqueous phase, which may elucidate the lipid resuscitation likely caused by the lipid sink mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Higashi
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Saori Taharabaru
- Department of Anesthesiology, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 465-8651, Japan
| | - Yushi U Adachi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital, 1-1-1 Oshika, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8527, Japan
- Saiseikai Research Institute of Health Care and Welfare, 1-4-28 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 1080073, Japan
| | - Maiko Satomoto
- Department of Anesthesiology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 1438541, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tamura
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Matsuda
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Aiji Sato-Boku
- Department of Anesthesiology, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 465-8651, Japan
| | - Masahiro Okuda
- Department of Anesthesiology, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 465-8651, Japan
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207
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Iannucci J, O’Neill K, Wang X, Mukherjee S, Wang J, Shapiro LA. Sex-Specific and Traumatic Brain Injury Effects on Dopamine Receptor Expression in the Hippocampus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16084. [PMID: 38003274 PMCID: PMC10671736 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health concern. Each year, over 50 million individuals worldwide suffer from TBI, and this leads to a number of acute and chronic health issues. These include affective and cognitive impairment, as well as an increased risk of alcohol and drug use. The dopaminergic system, a key component of reward circuitry, has been linked to alcohol and other substance use disorders, and previous research indicates that TBI can induce plasticity within this system. Understanding how TBI modifies the dopaminergic system may offer insights into the heightened substance use and reward-seeking behavior following TBI. The hippocampus, a critical component of the reward circuit, is responsible for encoding and integrating the spatial and salient aspects of rewarding stimuli. This study explored TBI-related changes in neuronal D2 receptor expression within the hippocampus, examining the hypothesis that sex differences exist in both baseline hippocampal D2 receptor expression and its response to TBI. Utilizing D2-expressing tdTomato transgenic male and female mice, we implemented either a sham injury or the lateral fluid percussion injury (FPI) model of TBI and subsequently performed a region-specific quantification of D2 expression in the hippocampus. The results show that male mice exhibit higher baseline hippocampal D2 expression compared to female mice. Additionally, there was a significant interaction effect between sex and injury on the expression of D2 in the hippocampus, particularly in regions of the dentate gyrus. Furthermore, TBI led to significant reductions in hippocampal D2 expression in male mice, while female mice remained mostly unaffected. These results suggest that hippocampal D2 expression varies between male and female mice, with the female dopaminergic system demonstrating less susceptibility to TBI-induced plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn Iannucci
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (J.I.)
| | - Katherine O’Neill
- Department of Biological Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Xuehua Wang
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (J.I.)
| | - Sanjib Mukherjee
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (J.I.)
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (J.I.)
| | - Lee A. Shapiro
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (J.I.)
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208
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Tchekalarova J, Todorov P, Stoyanova T, Atanasova M. Comparative Analysis of Anticonvulsant Activity of Trans and Cis 5,5'-Diphenylhydantoin Schiff Bases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16071. [PMID: 38003260 PMCID: PMC10671424 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the four 5,5'-diphenylhydantoin Schiff bases, possessing different aromatic species (SB1-Ph, SB2-Ph, SB3-Ph and SB4-Ph) were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity in combination with phenytoin. In the present study, the SB1-Ph and SB4-Ph compounds were selected, based on their anticonvulsant potency, and compared with their cis isomers, prepared after a one-hour exposure to the UV source, for their anticonvulsant potency in the maximal electroshock (MES) test and the kainate (KA)-induced status epilepticus (SE) test in mice. In the MES test, the cisSB1-Ph compound exhibited superior to phenytoin and trans isomer activity in the three tested doses, while the cisSB4-Ph compound entirely suppressed the electroshock-induced seizure spread at the highest dose of 40 mg/kg. Pretreatment with the cisSB1-Ph compound and the cisSB4-Ph at the doses of 40 mg/kg, respectively, for seven days, significantly attenuated the severity of KA SE compared to the matched control group pretreated with a vehicle, while phenytoin was ineffective in this test. The cisSB4-Ph but not the cisSB1-Ph demonstrated an antioxidant effect against the KA-induced SE in the hippocampus. Our results suggest that trans-cis conversion of 5,5'-diphenylhydantoin Schiff bases has potential against seizure spread in the MES test and mitigated the KA-induced SE. The antioxidant potency of cisSB4-Ph might be associated with its efficacy in mitigating the SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Tchekalarova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Petar Todorov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Tsveta Stoyanova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Milena Atanasova
- Department of Biology, Medical University of Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria;
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209
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Neira S, Lee S, Hassanein LA, Sides T, D'Ambrosio SL, Boyt KM, Bains JS, Kash TL. Impact and Role of Hypothalamic Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Neurons in Withdrawal from Chronic Alcohol Consumption in Female and Male Mice. J Neurosci 2023; 43:7657-7667. [PMID: 37833068 PMCID: PMC10634552 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1153-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, alcohol use and abuse are a leading risk of mortality, causing 5.3% of all deaths (World Health Organization, 2022). The endocrine stress system, initiated by the peripheral release of corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) from primarily glutamatergic neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), is profoundly linked with alcohol use, abuse, and relapse (Blaine and Sinha, 2017). These PVN CRH-releasing (PVNCRH) neurons are essential for peripheral and central stress responses (Rasiah et al., 2023), but little is known about how alcohol affects these neurons. Here, we show that two-bottle choice alcohol consumption blunts the endocrine-mediated corticosterone response to stress during acute withdrawal in female mice. Conversely, using slice electrophysiology, we demonstrate that acute withdrawal engenders a hyperexcitable phenotype of PVNCRH neurons in females that is accompanied by increased glutamatergic transmission in both male and female mice. GABAergic synaptic transmission was unaffected by alcohol history. We then tested whether chemogenetic inhibition of PVNCRH neurons would restore stress response in female mice with a history of alcohol drinking in the looming disk test, which mimics an approaching predator threat. Accordingly, inhibition of PVNCRH neurons reduced active escape in hM4Di alcohol history mice only. This study indicates that stress-responsive PVNCRH neurons in females are particularly affected by a history of alcohol consumption. Interestingly, women have indicated an increase in heavy alcohol use to cope with stress (Rodriguez et al., 2020), perhaps pointing to a potential underlying mechanism in alcohol-mediated changes to PVNCRH neurons that alter stress response.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus neurons that release corticotropin releasing hormone (PVNCRH) are vital for stress response. These neurons have been understudied in relation to alcohol and withdrawal despite profound relations between stress, alcohol use disorders (AUD), and relapse. In this study, we use a variety of techniques to show that acute withdrawal from a history of alcohol impacts peripheral stress response, PVNCRH neurons, and behavior. Specifically, PVNCRH are in a hyperactive state during withdrawal, which drives an increase in active stress coping behaviors in female mice only. Understanding how alcohol use and withdrawal affects stress responding PVNCRH neurons may contribute to finding new potential targets for the treatment of alcohol use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Neira
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Sophia Lee
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Leslie A Hassanein
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Tori Sides
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Shannon L D'Ambrosio
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Kristen M Boyt
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Jaideep S Bains
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Thomas L Kash
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
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210
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Green CL, Trautman ME, Chaiyakul K, Jain R, Alam YH, Babygirija R, Pak HH, Sonsalla MM, Calubag MF, Yeh CY, Bleicher A, Novak G, Liu TT, Newman S, Ricke WA, Matkowskyj KA, Ong IM, Jang C, Simcox J, Lamming DW. Dietary restriction of isoleucine increases healthspan and lifespan of genetically heterogeneous mice. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1976-1995.e6. [PMID: 37939658 PMCID: PMC10655617 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Low-protein diets promote health and longevity in diverse species. Restriction of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) leucine, isoleucine, and valine recapitulates many of these benefits in young C57BL/6J mice. Restriction of dietary isoleucine (IleR) is sufficient to promote metabolic health and is required for many benefits of a low-protein diet in C57BL/6J males. Here, we test the hypothesis that IleR will promote healthy aging in genetically heterogeneous adult UM-HET3 mice. We find that IleR improves metabolic health in young and old HET3 mice, promoting leanness and glycemic control in both sexes, and reprograms hepatic metabolism in a sex-specific manner. IleR reduces frailty and extends the lifespan of male and female mice, but to a greater degree in males. Our results demonstrate that IleR increases healthspan and longevity in genetically diverse mice and suggests that IleR, or pharmaceuticals that mimic this effect, may have potential as a geroprotective intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara L Green
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Michaela E Trautman
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Krittisak Chaiyakul
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Raghav Jain
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Integrated Program in Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Yasmine H Alam
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Reji Babygirija
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Heidi H Pak
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Michelle M Sonsalla
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Mariah F Calubag
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Chung-Yang Yeh
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Anneliese Bleicher
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Grace Novak
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Teresa T Liu
- George M. O'Brien Center of Research Excellence, Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 93705, USA
| | - Sarah Newman
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Will A Ricke
- George M. O'Brien Center of Research Excellence, Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 93705, USA
| | - Kristina A Matkowskyj
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Irene M Ong
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Judith Simcox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Integrated Program in Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Dudley W Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
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211
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Biali M, Auvity S, Cisternino S, Smirnova M, Hacker M, Zeitlinger M, Mairinger S, Tournier N, Bauer M, Langer O. Dissimilar Effect of P-Glycoprotein and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein Inhibition on the Distribution of Erlotinib to the Retina and Brain in Humans and Mice. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5877-5887. [PMID: 37883694 PMCID: PMC10630959 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) are two ATP-binding cassette efflux transporters that are coexpressed at the human blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-retina barrier (BRB). While pharmacological inhibition of P-gp and/or BCRP results in increased brain distribution of dual P-gp/BCRP substrate drugs, such as the tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib, the effect of P-gp and/or BCRP inhibition on the retinal distribution of such drugs has hardly been investigated. In this study, we used positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to assess the effect of transporter inhibition on the distribution of [11C]erlotinib to the human retina and brain. Twenty two healthy volunteers underwent two PET scans after intravenous (i.v.) injection of a microdose (<5 μg) of [11C]erlotinib, a baseline scan, and a second scan either with concurrent i.v. infusion of tariquidar to inhibit P-gp (n = 5) or after oral intake of single ascending doses of erlotinib (300 mg, 650 mg, or 1000 mg, n = 17) to saturate erlotinib transport. In addition, transport of [3H]erlotinib to the retina and brain was assessed in mice by in situ carotid perfusion under various drug transporter inhibition settings. In comparison to the baseline PET scan, coadministration of tariquidar or erlotinib led to a significant decrease of [11C]erlotinib total volume of distribution (VT) in the human retina by -25 ± 8% (p ≤ 0.05) and -41 ± 16% (p ≤ 0.001), respectively. In contrast, erlotinib intake led to a significant increase in [11C]erlotinib VT in the human brain (+20 ± 16%, p ≤ 0.001), while administration of tariquidar did not result in any significant changes. In situ carotid perfusion experiments showed that both P-gp and BCRP significantly limit the distribution of erlotinib to the mouse retina and brain but revealed a similar discordant effect at the mouse BRB and BBB following co-perfusion with tariquidar and erlotinib as in humans. Co-perfusion with prototypical inhibitors of solute carrier transporters did not reveal a significant contribution of organic cation transporters (e.g., OCTs and OCTNs) and organic anion-transporting polypeptides (e.g., OATP2B1) to the retinal and cerebral distribution of erlotinib. In conclusion, we observed a dissimilar effect after P-gp and/or BCRP inhibition on the retinal and cerebral distribution of [11C]erlotinib. The exact mechanism for this discrepancy remains unclear but may be related to the function of an unidentified erlotinib uptake carrier sensitive to tariquidar inhibition at the BRB. Our study highlights the great potential of PET to study drug distribution to the human retina and to assess the functional impact of membrane transporters on ocular drug distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam
El Biali
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University
of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sylvain Auvity
- Inserm
UMRS1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Université Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France
- Service
Pharmacie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Universitaire-Necker-Enfants Malades, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Salvatore Cisternino
- Inserm
UMRS1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Université Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France
- Service
Pharmacie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Universitaire-Necker-Enfants Malades, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Maria Smirnova
- Inserm
UMRS1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Université Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Marcus Hacker
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided
Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Zeitlinger
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University
of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Severin Mairinger
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University
of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided
Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicolas Tournier
- Laboratoire
d’Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), CEA, CNRS,
Inserm, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, 91401 Orsay, France
| | - Martin Bauer
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University
of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Langer
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University
of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided
Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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212
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Trejo-Moreno C, Alvarado-Ojeda ZA, Méndez-Martínez M, Cruz-Muñoz ME, Castro-Martínez G, Arrellín-Rosas G, Zamilpa A, Jimenez-Ferrer JE, Baez Reyes JC, Fragoso G, Salgado GR. Aqueous Fraction from Cucumis sativus Aerial Parts Attenuates Angiotensin II-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction In Vivo by Activating Akt. Nutrients 2023; 15:4680. [PMID: 37960332 PMCID: PMC10649625 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is a marker of vascular damage and a precursor of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, which involve inflammation and organ damage. Nitric oxide (NO), produced by eNOS, which is induced by pAKT, plays a crucial role in the function of a healthy endothelium. METHODS A combination of subfractions SF1 and SF3 (C4) of the aqueous fraction from Cucumis sativus (Cs-Aq) was evaluated to control endothelial dysfunction in vivo and on HMEC-1 cells to assess the involvement of pAkt in vitro. C57BL/6J mice were injected daily with angiotensin II (Ang-II) for 10 weeks. Once hypertension was established, either Cs-AqC4 or losartan was orally administered along with Ang-II for a further 10 weeks. Blood pressure (BP) was measured at weeks 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20. In addition, serum creatinine, inflammatory status (in the kidney), tissue damage, and vascular remodeling (in the liver and aorta) were evaluated. Cs-AqC4 was also tested in vitro on HMEC-1 cells stimulated by Ang-II to assess the involvement of Akt phosphorylation. RESULTS Cs-AqC4 decreased systolic and diastolic BP, reversed vascular remodeling, decreased IL-1β and TGF-β, increased IL-10, and decreased kidney and liver damage. In HMEC-1 cells, AKT phosphorylation and NO production were increased. CONCLUSIONS Cs-AqC4 controlled inflammation and vascular remodeling, alleviating hypertension; it also improved tissue damage associated with ED, probably via Akt activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Trejo-Moreno
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62350, Morelos, Mexico; (C.T.-M.); (Z.A.A.-O.); (M.E.C.-M.); (G.A.-R.)
| | - Zimri Aziel Alvarado-Ojeda
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62350, Morelos, Mexico; (C.T.-M.); (Z.A.A.-O.); (M.E.C.-M.); (G.A.-R.)
| | - Marisol Méndez-Martínez
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Ciudad de México 04960, Mexico;
| | - Mario Ernesto Cruz-Muñoz
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62350, Morelos, Mexico; (C.T.-M.); (Z.A.A.-O.); (M.E.C.-M.); (G.A.-R.)
| | - Gabriela Castro-Martínez
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de México 04960, Mexico;
| | - Gerardo Arrellín-Rosas
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62350, Morelos, Mexico; (C.T.-M.); (Z.A.A.-O.); (M.E.C.-M.); (G.A.-R.)
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Panamericana, Ciudad de México 03920, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Zamilpa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec 62790, Morelos, Mexico; (A.Z.); (J.E.J.-F.)
| | - Jesús Enrique Jimenez-Ferrer
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec 62790, Morelos, Mexico; (A.Z.); (J.E.J.-F.)
| | - Juan Carlos Baez Reyes
- Escuela Nacional Preparatoria No. 1, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 16030, Mexico;
| | - Gladis Fragoso
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Rosas Salgado
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62350, Morelos, Mexico; (C.T.-M.); (Z.A.A.-O.); (M.E.C.-M.); (G.A.-R.)
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213
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Alpirez J, Leon-Moreno LC, Aguilar-García IG, Castañeda-Arellano R, Dueñas-Jiménez JM, Asencio-Piña CR, Dueñas-Jiménez SH. Walk Locomotion Kinematic Changes in a Model of Penetrating Hippocampal Injury in Male/Female Mice and Rats. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1545. [PMID: 38002505 PMCID: PMC10669690 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13111545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury has been the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in human beings. One of the most susceptible structures to this damage is the hippocampus due to cellular and synaptic loss and impaired hippocampal connectivity to the brain, brain stem, and spinal cord. Thus, hippocampal damage in rodents using a stereotaxic device could be an adequate method to study a precise lesion from CA1 to the dentate gyrus structures. We studied male and female rats and mice, analyzing hindlimb locomotion kinematics changes to compare the locomotion kinematics using the same methodology in rodents. We measure (1) the vertical hindlimb metatarsus, ankle, and knee joint vertical displacements (VD) and (2) the factor of dissimilarity (DF). The VD in intact rats in metatarsus, ankle, and knee joints differs from that in intact mice in similar joints. In rats, the vertical displacement through the step cycle changed in the left and right metatarsus, ankle, and knee joints compared to the intact group versus the lesioned group. More subtle changes were also observed in mice. DF demonstrates contrasting results when studying locomotion kinematics of mice or rats and sex-dependent differences. Thus, a precise lesion in a rodent's hippocampal structure discloses some hindlimb locomotion changes related to species and sex. Thus, we only have a qualitative comparison between murine species. In order to make a comparison with other species, we should standardize the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan Alpirez
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (J.A.); (L.C.L.-M.); (I.G.A.-G.)
| | - Lilia Carolina Leon-Moreno
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (J.A.); (L.C.L.-M.); (I.G.A.-G.)
| | - Irene Guadalupe Aguilar-García
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (J.A.); (L.C.L.-M.); (I.G.A.-G.)
| | - Rolando Castañeda-Arellano
- Centro de Investigación Multidisciplinario en Salud, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá 45425, Mexico;
| | - Judith Marcela Dueñas-Jiménez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
| | - Cesar Rodolfo Asencio-Piña
- Departamento de Electronica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Mexico;
| | - Sergio Horacio Dueñas-Jiménez
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (J.A.); (L.C.L.-M.); (I.G.A.-G.)
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214
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Jiao X, Li Z. Temporal dynamics and composition of ocular surface microbiota in C57BL/6J mice: uncovering a 12h ultradian rhythm. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1244454. [PMID: 38029247 PMCID: PMC10651734 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1244454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the presence of rhythmic fluctuations in the composition, abundance, and functions of commensal core bacteria on the ocular surface of C57BL/6J mice. Methods Male C57BL/6J mice, aged 12 weeks, were subjected to a 12-hour light/12-hour dark cycle. Ocular surface tissue samples were collected at four time points (ZT) over a 24-hour period at six-hour intervals. The core ocular surface microbiota's oscillation cycles and frequencies were assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing targeting the V3-V4 region, along with the JTK_CYCLE algorithm. Functional predictions of these bacteria were conducted using PICRUSt2. Results Deep sequencing of the ocular surface microbiota highlighted the high abundance of commensal bacteria, with Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, and Firmicutes collectively constituting over 90% of the total sample abundance. Among the 22 core bacterial genera, 11 exhibited robust 12-hour rhythms, including Halomonas, Pelagibacterium, Pseudomonas, Nesterenkonia, norank_f_Hyphomonadaceae, Stenotrophomonas, Anoxybacillus, Acinetobacter, Zoogloea, Brevibacillus, and Ralstonia. Further taxonomic analysis indicated significant intra-cluster similarities and inter-cluster differences at the order, family, and genus levels during ZT0/12 and ZT6/18. Community interaction networks and functional prediction analyses revealed synchronized 12-hour rhythmic oscillations in neural, immune, metabolic, and other pathways associated with symbiotic bacteria. Conclusion This study demonstrates the presence of ultradian rhythmic oscillations in commensal bacteria on the ocular surface of normal C57BL/6J mice, with a 12-hour cycle. These findings suggest a crucial role for ultradian rhythms in maintaining ocular surface homeostasis in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Jiao
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- International Ocular Surface Research Center, Institute of Ophthalmology, and Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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215
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Stoyanova A, Popatanasov А, Rashev V, Tancheva L, Quideau S, Galabov AS. Effect of castalagin against HSV-1 infection in newborn mice. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:4156-4161. [PMID: 36714926 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2173191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We tested in vivo anti-herpetic effect of castalagin, an ellagitannin compound, extracted from pedunculate oak (Quercus robur). Previous investigations found that castalagin possesses a strong inhibitory effect in vitro against HSV-1/2 equal to acyclovir (ACV). It is also effective against ACV-resistant mutants and shows a synergistic effect with ACV. We study castalagin's activity towards HSV-1 infection in newborn mice. Acute toxicity determination in mice showed LD50 value of 295 mg/kg. Prolonged toxicity was also constructed. Castalagin manifested a marked activity against HSV-1 (LD90/0.02 ml) administered in 7-day course at 0.02 ml s.c. doses of 7.5 or 10 mg/kg (PI 57-58%). ACV course demonstrated a marked activity at 20 mg/kg. The selectivity ratio LD50/ED50 (295/7.5) could be accepted as ≥ 33.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelina Stoyanova
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Аndrey Popatanasov
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Viktor Rashev
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lyubka Tancheva
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Stephane Quideau
- Institut des Sciénces Moleculaires, Université de Bordeaux, Cedex, France
| | - Angel S Galabov
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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216
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Lee SK, Malik RA, Zhou J, Wang W, Gross PL, Weitz JI, Ramachandran R, Trigatti BL. PAR4 Inhibition Reduces Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis and Myocardial Fibrosis in SR-B1/LDLR Double Knockout Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:2165-2178. [PMID: 37675637 PMCID: PMC10597419 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SR-B1 (scavenger receptor class B type 1)/LDLR (low-density lipoprotein receptor) double knockout mice fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet containing cholate exhibit coronary artery disease characterized by occlusive coronary artery atherosclerosis, platelet accumulation in coronary arteries, and myocardial fibrosis. Platelets are involved in atherosclerosis development, and PAR (protease-activated receptor) 4 has a prominent role in platelet function in mice. However, the role of PAR4 on coronary artery disease in mice has not been tested. METHODS We tested the effects of a PAR4 inhibitory pepducin (RAG8) on diet-induced aortic sinus and coronary artery atherosclerosis, platelet accumulation in atherosclerotic coronary arteries, and myocardial fibrosis in SR-B1/LDLR double knockout mice. SR-B1/LDLR double knockout mice were fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet containing cholate and injected daily with 20 mg/kg of either the RAG8 pepducin or a control reverse-sequence pepducin (SRQ8) for 20 days. RESULTS Platelets from the RAG8-treated mice exhibited reduced thrombin and PAR4 agonist peptide-mediated activation compared with those from control SRQ8-treated mice when tested ex vivo. Although aortic sinus atherosclerosis levels did not differ, RAG8-treated mice exhibited reduced coronary artery atherosclerosis, reduced platelet accumulation in atherosclerotic coronary arteries, and reduced myocardial fibrosis. These protective effects were not accompanied by changes in circulating lipids, inflammatory cytokines, or immune cells. However, RAG8-treated mice exhibited reduced VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule 1) protein levels in nonatherosclerotic coronary artery cross sections and reduced leukocyte accumulation in atherosclerotic coronary artery cross sections compared with those from SRQ8-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS The PAR4 inhibitory RAG8 pepducin reduced coronary artery atherosclerosis and myocardial fibrosis in SR-B1/LDLR double knockout mice fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet containing cholate. Furthermore, RAG8 reduced VCAM-1 in nonatherosclerotic coronary arteries and reduced leukocyte and platelet accumulation in atherosclerotic coronary arteries. These findings identify PAR4 as an attractive target in reducing coronary artery disease development, and the use of RAG8 may potentially be beneficial in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel K. Lee
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Health Sciences, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., W.W., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
| | - Rida A. Malik
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine (R.A.M., J.Z., P.L.G., J.I.W.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Health Sciences, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
| | - Ji Zhou
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine (R.A.M., J.Z., P.L.G., J.I.W.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Health Sciences, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
| | - Wei Wang
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Health Sciences, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., W.W., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
| | - Peter L. Gross
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine (R.A.M., J.Z., P.L.G., J.I.W.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Health Sciences, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
| | - Jeffrey I. Weitz
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine (R.A.M., J.Z., P.L.G., J.I.W.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Health Sciences, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., W.W., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
| | - Rithwik Ramachandran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada (R.R.)
| | - Bernardo L. Trigatti
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Health Sciences, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., W.W., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
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Pratap R, Niveria K, Srivastava SK, Chaudhary S, Sharma P, Verma AK, Parmar AS. Biogenic synthesis of gold nanoparticles using dual extract of tulsi- Vinca for breast cancer tumor regression in mice. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023; 18:1941-1959. [PMID: 37991203 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This work aims to synthesize the gold nanoparticles (GNPs) using a dual extract of tulsi and Vinca (T+V-Gold) for breast cancer tumor regression. Methods: The GNPs were synthesized and characterized for their microscopic, spectroscopic and crystalline properties. Further, the GNPs were investigated for in vitro and in vivo studies for the treatment of the 4T1-induced triple-negative breast cancer murine model. Results: The GNPs for 4T1 tumor-challenged mice resulted in delayed tumor development and lower tumor burden, with T+V-Gold demonstrating the highest prevention of tumor spread. The antitumor effect of T+V-Gold is highly significant in the glutathione family antioxidants glutathione S-transferase and glutathione in tumor tissue samples. Conclusion: The bioefficacy and anticancer outcomes of T+V-Gold nanoformulation can be used as therapeutic agents and drug-delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Pratap
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Karishma Niveria
- Nanobiotech Lab Kirori Mal College University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | | | - Shilpi Chaudhary
- Department of Physics, Punjab Engineering College (Deemed to be University), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Department of Dravyagun, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Anita K Verma
- Nanobiotech Lab Kirori Mal College University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
- Institution of Eminence Fellow, Delhi School of Public Health, Institution of Eminence, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Avanish Singh Parmar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221006, India
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218
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Yao B, Liu F, Mo X, Liu Q, Ren Y. A filtration medium replacement method that increases the efficiency of immunofluorescence staining of oocytes. Biotech Histochem 2023; 98:466-470. [PMID: 37376843 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2227555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunofluorescence staining is used to investigate proteins and protein interactions in oocytes. In typical protocols, the medium that suspends the oocytes requires replacement more than ten times during the staining procedure; this is time-consuming, technically challenging and not amenable to automation. We developed a filtration method using negative pressure to replace manual replacement of medium. We investigated oocyte loss, time required and staining results using our filtration method compared to traditional procedure. We found that our filtration method reduced oocyte loss by at least 60% and decreased the time required to obtain comparable staining outcomes. It provides an efficient and fast way to replace culture medium for oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiaolong Mo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qiongyou Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yanping Ren
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Busso D, González A, Santander N, Saavedra F, Quiroz A, Rivera K, González J, Olmos P, Marette A, Bazinet L, Illanes S, Enrione J. A Quinoa Protein Hydrolysate Fractionated by Electrodialysis with Ultrafiltration Membranes Improves Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in a Mouse Model of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2300047. [PMID: 37667444 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Quinoa intake exerts hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in animals and humans. Although peptides from quinoa inhibit key enzymes involved in glucose homeostasis in vitro, their in vivo antidiabetic properties have not been investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS This study evaluated the effect of oral administration of a quinoa protein hydrolysate (QH) produced through enzymatic hydrolysis and fractionation by electrodialysis with ultrafiltration membrane (EDUF) (FQH) on the metabolic and pregnancy outcomes of Lepdb/+ pregnant mice, a preclinical model of gestational diabetes mellitus. The 4-week pregestational consumption of 2.5 mg mL-1 of QH in water prevented glucose intolerance and improves hepatic insulin signaling in dams, also reducing fetal weights. Sequencing and bioinformatic analyses of the defatted FQH (FQHD) identified 11 peptides 6-10 amino acids long that aligned with the quinoa proteome and exhibited putative anti-dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-IV) activity, confirmed in vitro in QH, FQH, and FDQH fractions. Peptides homologous to mouse and human proteins enriched for biological processes related to glucose metabolism are also identified. CONCLUSION Processing of quinoa protein may be used to develop a safe and effective nutritional intervention to control glucose intolerance during pregnancy. Further studies are required to confirm if this nutritional intervention is applicable to pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Busso
- Program of Reproductive Biology, Research and Innovation Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, 7550000, Chile
- Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy (IMPACT), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, 7550000, Chile
| | - Adrián González
- Biopolymer Research and Engineering Lab (BiopREL), Research and Innovation Center, School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, 7550000, Chile
| | - Nicolás Santander
- Health Science Institute, Universidad de O´Higgins, Rancagua, 2841959, Chile
| | - Fujiko Saavedra
- Program of Reproductive Biology, Research and Innovation Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, 7550000, Chile
| | - Alonso Quiroz
- PhD Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8320000, Chile
| | - Katherine Rivera
- PhD Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8320000, Chile
| | - Javier González
- Immersion in Science Program, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, 7550000, Chile
| | - Pablo Olmos
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8320000, Chile
| | - André Marette
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval Hospital Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Laurent Bazinet
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval Hospital Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 4G5, Canada
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Laboratoire de Transformation Alimentaire et Procédés ÉlectroMembranaire (LTAPEM, Laboratory of Food Processing and Electro-Membrane Processes) Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sebastián Illanes
- Program of Reproductive Biology, Research and Innovation Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, 7550000, Chile
- Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy (IMPACT), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, 7550000, Chile
| | - Javier Enrione
- Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy (IMPACT), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, 7550000, Chile
- Biopolymer Research and Engineering Lab (BiopREL), Research and Innovation Center, School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, 7550000, Chile
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Yi D, Liu B, Ding H, Li S, Li R, Pan J, Ramirez K, Xia X, Kala M, Ye Q, Lee WH, Frye RE, Wang T, Zhao Y, Knox KS, Glembotski CC, Fallon MB, Dai Z. E2F1 Mediates SOX17 Deficiency-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension. Hypertension 2023; 80:2357-2371. [PMID: 37737027 PMCID: PMC10591929 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.21241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rare genetic variants and genetic variation at loci in an enhancer in SOX17 (SRY-box transcription factor 17) are identified in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and PAH with congenital heart disease. However, the exact role of genetic variants or mutations in SOX17 in PAH pathogenesis has not been reported. METHODS SOX17 expression was evaluated in the lungs and pulmonary endothelial cells (ECs) of patients with idiopathic PAH. Mice with Tie2Cre-mediated Sox17 knockdown and EC-specific Sox17 deletion were generated to determine the role of SOX17 deficiency in the pathogenesis of PAH. Human pulmonary ECs were cultured to understand the role of SOX17 deficiency. Single-cell RNA sequencing, RNA-sequencing analysis, and luciferase assay were performed to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of SOX17 deficiency-induced PAH. E2F1 (E2F transcription factor 1) inhibitor HLM006474 was used in EC-specific Sox17 mice. RESULTS SOX17 expression was downregulated in the lung and pulmonary ECs from patients with idiopathic PAH. Mice with Tie2Cre-mediated Sox17 knockdown and EC-specific Sox17 deletion induced spontaneously mild pulmonary hypertension. Loss of endothelial Sox17 in EC exacerbated hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in mice. Loss of SOX17 in lung ECs induced endothelial dysfunctions including upregulation of cell cycle programming, proliferative and antiapoptotic phenotypes, augmentation of paracrine effect on pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells, impaired cellular junction, and BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) signaling. E2F1 signaling was shown to mediate the SOX17 deficiency-induced EC dysfunction. Pharmacological inhibition of E2F1 in Sox17 EC-deficient mice attenuated pulmonary hypertension development. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that endothelial SOX17 deficiency induces pulmonary hypertension through E2F1. Thus, targeting E2F1 signaling represents a promising approach in patients with PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Translational Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Translational Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Hongxu Ding
- Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Shuai Li
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Rebecca Li
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Jiakai Pan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Karina Ramirez
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Xiaomei Xia
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Mrinalini Kala
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Qinmao Ye
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Won Hee Lee
- Translational Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Ting Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Science and Center of Translational Science, Florida International University, Port Saint Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - Yutong Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kenneth S. Knox
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Christopher C. Glembotski
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Translational Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Michael B. Fallon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Zhiyu Dai
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Translational Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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Rana A, Singh TU, Sharma M, Gari M, Kumar T, Parida S, Lingaraju MC, Kumar Mariappan A, Kumar A, Kumar D. Pravastatin attenuates isoprenaline induced cardiac fibrosis in a mouse model. Biotech Histochem 2023; 98:567-577. [PMID: 37814775 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2260303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of pravastatin (PRAVA) on isoprenaline (ISP) induced cardiac fibrosis using four groups of mice: untreated control, PRAVA, ISP, ISP + PRAVA groups. ISP, 20 mg/kg, was administered subcutaneously daily for 14 days. PRAVA, 20 mg/kg, was administered orally daily for 14 days. Mice were sacrificed on day15 and heart and blood samples were collected to investigate cardiac injury markers. The mean body weight for the ISP group on day 15 was decreased significantly compared to day 0; PRAVA increased the mean body weight slightly on day 15 of treatment compared to day 0. The heart:body weight ratio was increased in the ISP group compared to the control group, but the ratio was returned to near control ratio in the PRAVA + ISP group. The serum creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) level was reduced significantly in the PRAVA + ISP group compared to the ISP group. Serum triglyceride level was decreased significantly in ISP + PRAVA group compared to the ISP group. PRAVA administration significantly reduced tissue collagen I and III levels in the ISP + PRAVA group compared to the ISP group. Lipid oxidation was decreased and reduced glutathione activity was increased in the PRAVA + ISP group compared to the ISP group. IL-6, α-SMA, CTGF, TGF-β and SMAD-3 gene expressions were decreased in the PRAVA + ISP group compared to the ISP group. We found fewer inflammatory cells and less fibrosis in heart tissue in the PRAVA + ISP group compared to the ISP group. PRAVA decreased ISP induced cardiac fibrosis by reducing oxidative stress, collagen deposition and inflammation, as well as by decreasing expression of TGF-β, SMAD-3 and CTGF genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Rana
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Thakur Uttam Singh
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Meemansha Sharma
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Manju Gari
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Tarun Kumar
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Subhashree Parida
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | | | - Asok Kumar Mariappan
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Akhilesh Kumar
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
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222
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Owusu-Mensah RNA, Sarpong GA, Sugihara I. Topographic organization in the cerebellar nuclei and inferior olive in relation to cerebellar hemispheric lobules in the mouse: Distinction between crus I and neighboring lobules. J Comp Neurol 2023; 531:1633-1650. [PMID: 37585320 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The parallel closed-loop topographic connections between subareas of the inferior olive (IO), cerebellar cortex, and cerebellar nuclei (CN) define the fundamental modular organization of the cerebellum. The cortical modules or zones are organized into longitudinal zebrin stripes which are extended across transverse cerebellar lobules. However, how cerebellar lobules, which are related to the cerebellar functional localization, are incorporated into the olivo-cortico-nuclear topographic organization has not been fully clarified. In the present study, we analyzed the lobular topography in the CN and IO by making 57 small bidirectional tracer injections in the lateral zebrin-positive stripes equivalent with C2, D1, and D2 zones in every hemispheric lobule in zebrin stripe-visualized mice. C2, D1, and D2 zones were connected to the lateral part of the posterior interpositus nucleus (lPIN), and caudal and rostral parts of the lateral nucleus (cLN, rLN), respectively, and from the rostral part of the medial accessory olive (rMAO), and ventral and dorsal lamellas of the PO (vPO, dPO), respectively, as reported. Within these areas, crus I was specifically connected to the ventral parts of the lPIN, cLN, and rLN, and from the rostrolateral part of the rMAO and the lateral parts of the vPO and dPO. The results indicated that the cerebellar modules have lobule-related subdivisions and that crus I is topographically distinct from other lobules. We speculate that crus I and crus I-connected subdivisions in the CN and IO are involved more in nonmotor functions than other neighboring areas in the mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Nana Abankwah Owusu-Mensah
- Department of Systems Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gideon Anokye Sarpong
- Department of Systems Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Izumi Sugihara
- Department of Systems Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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223
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Fieux M, Rovera R, Coiffier C, Colomb E, Enjolras N, Béquignon E, Monge C, Le Quellec S. In vivo intranasal delivery of coagulation factor IX: a proof-of-concept study. J Thromb Haemost 2023; 21:3117-3123. [PMID: 37633640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemophilia B (HB) is a bleeding disorder characterized by coagulation factor (F) IX (FIX) deficiency. The current standard-of-care for severe HB is prophylaxis with long-term repetitive intravenous (i.v.) infusions of recombinant FIX (rFIX) with standard half-life or extended half-life. Unmet needs remain regarding the development of non-invasive administration routes for coagulation factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of intranasal delivery (IND) of rFIX and rFIX fused to Fc fragment (rFIX-Fc) in mice. METHODS Drops of rFIX and rFIX-Fc were deposited in the nostrils of wild-type, FcRn knock-out, FcRn humanized, and FIX knock-out mice. rFIX mucosal uptake was evaluated by measuring plasma FIX antigen and FIX activity (FIX:C) levels, and by performing histologic analysis of the nasal mucosa following IND. RESULTS After IND, both rFIX and rFIX-Fc were equally delivered to the blood compartment, irrespective of the mouse strain studied, mostly through a passive mechanism of transportation across the mucosal barrier, independent of FcRn receptor. Both plasma FIX antigen and FIX:C activity levels increased following IND in FIX knock-out mice. CONCLUSION This proof-of-concept study describes evidence supporting the nasal route as an alternative to FIX i.v. infusion for the treatment of HB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Fieux
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Service d'ORL, d'otoneurochirurgie et de chirurgie cervico-faciale, F-69310, Pierre Bénite, France; Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, F-69003, Lyon, France; Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010 Créteil, France; CNRS EMR 7000, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Renaud Rovera
- UMR 5305, Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 7 Passage du Vercors, CEDEX 07, 69367 Lyon, France
| | - Céline Coiffier
- UMR 5305, Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 7 Passage du Vercors, CEDEX 07, 69367 Lyon, France
| | - Evelyne Colomb
- UMR 5305, Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 7 Passage du Vercors, CEDEX 07, 69367 Lyon, France
| | - Nathalie Enjolras
- EA 4609 Hémostase et cancer, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, F-69003, Lyon, France
| | - Emilie Béquignon
- Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010 Créteil, France; CNRS EMR 7000, F-94010 Créteil, France; Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Claire Monge
- UMR 5305, Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 7 Passage du Vercors, CEDEX 07, 69367 Lyon, France
| | - Sandra Le Quellec
- EA 4609 Hémostase et cancer, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, F-69003, Lyon, France; Unité d'hémostase clinique, Centre National de Référence de l'hémophilie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France.
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Xu Y, Tao J, Hou Y, Zhang S. Effects of PKCε knockdown on mitochondrial membrane potential of human glioma cells in vitro and growth of U251 cell-derived tumors in vivo. Biotech Histochem 2023; 98:501-507. [PMID: 37501577 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2240226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common type of primary brain tumor; it exhibits great invasive capacity, morbidity and mortality. Protein kinase Cε (PKCε), a serine/threonine kinase, contributes to the development and progression of many cancers. We investigated whether knockdown of PKCε could affect the mitochondrial membrane potential of human glioma cell lines, U251 and U87, and the growth of U251 cell-derived tumors in nude mice. We found that the expression of PKCε was greater in human glioma tissues than in human normal brain tissues. Knockdown of PKCε reduced mitochondrial membrane potential in U251 and U87 cells. Knockdown of PKCε also suppressed the growth of tumors derived from U251 cells and induced apoptosis of U251 cells in vivo. Our findings indicate that PKCε is important for development and progression of glioma and may be a potential therapeutic target for glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaming Xu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jie Tao
- Central Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yafei Hou
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shuzhang Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
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dos Santos BR, Ramos ABDSB, de Menezes RPB, Scotti MT, Colombo FA, Marques MJ, Reimão JQ. Anti- Toxoplasma gondii screening of MMV pandemic response box and evaluation of RWJ-67657 efficacy in chronically infected mice. Parasitology 2023; 150:1226-1235. [PMID: 37859414 PMCID: PMC10941209 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182023000999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is a significant public health concern with limited therapeutic options. The medicines for malaria venture (MMV) developed the pandemic response box (PRB) containing 400 drug-like molecules with broad pathogen activity. The aim of this work is to evaluate PRB compounds for their anti-Toxoplasma gondii activity and identify promising candidates for further evaluation. Screening identified 42 selective compounds with half effective concentration (EC50) ranging from 2.4 to 913.1 nm and half cytotoxic concentration (CC50) ranging from 6 μm to >50 μm. Selectivity index (SI) values (CC50/EC50) ranged from 11 to 17 708. Based on its in silico and in vitro profile and its commercial availability, RWJ-67657 was selected for further studies. Molecular docking analysis showed RWJ-67657 is predicted to bind to T. gondii p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (TgMAPK). Oral administration of RWJ-67657 (20 mg kg day−1/10 days) significantly reduced parasite burden in chronically infected mice compared to mock-treated group (P < 0.01). These findings highlight the PRB as a promising source for anti-T. gondii compounds, with several showing favourable drug properties, including MMV1634492, MMV002731, MMV1634491, MMV1581551, MMV011565, MMV1581558, MMV1578577, MMV233495 and MMV1580482, firstly described here as anti-T. gondii agents. RWJ-67657 emerges as a valuable drug candidate for experimental chronic cerebral toxoplasmosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Ramos dos Santos
- Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia Básica, Faculdade de Medicina de Jundiaí, Laboratory of Preclinical Assays and Research of Alternative Sources of Innovative Therapy for Toxoplasmosis and Other Sicknesses (PARASITTOS), Jundiaí, Brazil
| | | | - Renata Priscila Barros de Menezes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos (PgPNSB), Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos (IPeFarM), Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Marcus Tullius Scotti
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos (PgPNSB), Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos (IPeFarM), Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Fábio Antônio Colombo
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Marcos José Marques
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Juliana Quero Reimão
- Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia Básica, Faculdade de Medicina de Jundiaí, Laboratory of Preclinical Assays and Research of Alternative Sources of Innovative Therapy for Toxoplasmosis and Other Sicknesses (PARASITTOS), Jundiaí, Brazil
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Li L, Ren AA, Gao S, Su YS, Yang J, Bockman J, Mericko-Ishizuka P, Griffin J, Shenkar R, Alcazar R, Moore T, Lightle R, DeBiasse D, Awad IA, Marchuk DA, Kahn ML, Burkhardt JK. mTORC1 Inhibitor Rapamycin Inhibits Growth of Cerebral Cavernous Malformation in Adult Mice. Stroke 2023; 54:2906-2917. [PMID: 37746705 PMCID: PMC10599232 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.044108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are vascular malformations that frequently cause stroke. CCMs arise due to loss of function in one of the genes that encode the CCM complex, a negative regulator of MEKK3-KLF2/4 signaling in vascular endothelial cells. Gain-of-function mutations in PIK3CA (encoding the enzymatic subunit of the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) pathway associated with cell growth) synergize with CCM gene loss-of-function to generate rapidly growing lesions. METHODS We recently developed a model of CCM formation that closely reproduces key events in human CCM formation through inducible CCM loss-of-function and PIK3CA gain-of-function in mature mice. In the present study, we use this model to test the ability of rapamycin, a clinically approved inhibitor of the PI3K effector mTORC1, to treat rapidly growing CCMs. RESULTS We show that both intraperitoneal and oral administration of rapamycin arrests CCM growth, reduces perilesional iron deposition, and improves vascular perfusion within CCMs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings further establish this adult CCM model as a valuable preclinical model and support clinical testing of rapamycin to treat rapidly growing human CCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Li
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA 19104
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA 19104
| | - Aileen A. Ren
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA 19104
| | - Siqi Gao
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA 19104
| | - Yourong S. Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA 19104
| | - Jisheng Yang
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA 19104
| | - Jenna Bockman
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA 19104
| | - Patricia Mericko-Ishizuka
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA 19104
| | - Joanna Griffin
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA 19104
| | - Robert Shenkar
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA 60637
| | - Roberto Alcazar
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA 60637
| | - Thomas Moore
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA 60637
| | - Rhonda Lightle
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA 60637
| | - Dorothy DeBiasse
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA 60637
| | - Issam A. Awad
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA 60637
| | - Douglas A. Marchuk
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA 27708
| | - Mark L. Kahn
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA 19104
| | - Jan-Karl Burkhardt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA 19104
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Li LT, Liu J, Luo M, Liu JS, Zhang MM, Zhang WJ, Chen HC, Liu ZF. Establishment of pseudorabies virus latency and reactivation model in mice dorsal root ganglia culture. J Gen Virol 2023; 104. [PMID: 37991423 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) belongs to the alpha herpesvirus family and is responsible for Aujeszky's disease in pigs. Similar to other alpha herpesviruses, PRV establishes a lifelong latent infection in trigeminal ganglion. These latently infected pigs serve as a reservoir for recurrent infections when reactivation is triggered, making the eradication of PRV a challenging task. However, the molecular mechanism underlying PRV latency and reactivation in neurons is still poorly understood due to limitations in the in vitro model. To establish a pseudorabies virus latency and reactivation model in primary neuron cultures, we isolated dorsal root ganglion (DRG) from newborn Kunming mice using a method named epineurium-pulling for DRG collection (EPDC) and cultured primary neurons in vitro. A dual-colour recombinant PRV BAC mRuby-VP16 was constructed and 0.5 multiplicity of infection (MOI) was found as an appropriate dose in the presence of aciclovir to establish latency. Reactivation was induced using UV-inactivated herpesviruses or a series of chemical inhibitors. Interestingly, we found that not only UV-PRV, but also UV-HSV-1 and UV-BHoV-5 were able to induce rapid PRV reactivation. The efficiency of reactivation for LY294002, forskolin, etoposide, dexamethasone, and acetylcholine was found to be dependent on their concentration. In conclusion, we developed a valuable model of PRV latency and reactivation, which provides a basis for future mechanism research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Miao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Jing-Song Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Mei-Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Wen-Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Huan-Chun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Zheng-Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
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228
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Velazquez FN, Stith JL, Zhang L, Allam AM, Haley J, Obeid LM, Snider AJ, Hannun YA. Targeting sphingosine kinase 1 in p53KO thymic lymphoma. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23247. [PMID: 37800872 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301417r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) is a key sphingolipid enzyme that is upregulated in several types of cancer, including lymphoma which is a heterogenous group of malignancies. Treatment for lymphoma has improved significantly by the introduction of new therapies; however, subtypes with tumor protein P53 (p53) mutations or deletion have poor prognosis, making it critical to explore new therapeutic strategies in this context. SK1 has been proposed as a therapeutic target in different types of cancer; however, the effect of targeting SK1 in cancers with p53 deletion has not been evaluated yet. Previous work from our group suggests that loss of SK1 is a key event in mediating the tumor suppressive effect of p53. Employing both genetic and pharmacological approaches to inhibit SK1 function in Trp53KO mice, we show that targeting SK1 decreases tumor growth of established p53KO thymic lymphoma. Inducible deletion of Sphk1 or its pharmacological inhibition drive increased cell death in tumors which is accompanied by selective accumulation of sphingosine levels. These results demonstrate the relevance of SK1 in the growth and maintenance of lymphoma in the absence of p53 function, positioning this enzyme as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of tumors that lack functional p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola N Velazquez
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Stith
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Leiqing Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Amira M Allam
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - John Haley
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Center, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Lina M Obeid
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Ashley J Snider
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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Zlygosteva O, Juvkam IS, Arous D, Sitarz M, Sørensen BS, Ankjærgaard C, Andersen CE, Galtung HK, Søland TM, Edin NJ, Malinen E. Acute normal tissue responses in a murine model following fractionated irradiation of the head and neck with protons or X-rays. Acta Oncol 2023; 62:1574-1580. [PMID: 37703217 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2023.2254481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate acute normal tissue responses in the head and neck region following proton- or X-irradiation of a murine model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Female C57BL/6J mice were irradiated with protons (25 or 60 MeV) or X-rays (100 kV). The radiation field covered the oral cavity and the major salivary glands. For protons, two different treatment plans were used, either with the Bragg Peak in the middle of the mouse (BP) or outside the mouse (transmission mode; TM). Delivered physical doses were 41, 45, and 65 Gy given in 6, 7, and 10 fractions for BP, TM, and X-rays, respectively. Alanine dosimetry was used to assess delivered doses. Oral mucositis and dermatitis were scored using CTC v.2.0-based tables. Saliva was collected at baseline, right after end of irradiation, and at day 35. RESULTS The measured dose distribution for protons (TM) and X-rays was very similar. Oral mucositis appeared earlier, had a higher score and was found in a higher percentage of mice after proton irradiation compared to X-irradiation. Dermatitis, on the other hand, had a similar appearance after protons and X-rays. Compared to controls, saliva production was lower right after termination of proton- and X-irradiation. The BP group demonstrated saliva recovery compared to the TM and X-ray group at day 35. CONCLUSION With lower delivered doses, proton irradiation resulted in similar skin reactions and increased oral mucositis compared to X-irradiation. This indicates that the relative biological effectiveness of protons for acute tissue responses in the mouse head and neck is greater than the clinical standard of 1.1. Thus, there is a need for further investigations of the biological effect of protons in normal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Zlygosteva
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inga Solgård Juvkam
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Delmon Arous
- Department of Medical Physics, Cancer Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mateusz Sitarz
- Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Brita Singers Sørensen
- Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Claus E Andersen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Hilde Kanli Galtung
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tine Merete Søland
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nina Jeppesen Edin
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eirik Malinen
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Physics, Cancer Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Perik-Zavodskaia O, Perik-Zavodskii R, Nazarov K, Volynets M, Alrhmoun S, Shevchenko J, Sennikov S. Murine Bone Marrow Erythroid Cells Have Two Branches of Differentiation Defined by the Presence of CD45 and a Different Immune Transcriptome Than Fetal Liver Erythroid Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15752. [PMID: 37958735 PMCID: PMC10650492 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mouse erythropoiesis is a multifaceted process involving the intricate interplay of proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of erythroid cells, leading to significant changes in their transcriptomic and proteomic profiles. While the immunoregulatory role of murine erythroid cells has been recognized historically, modern investigative techniques have been sparingly applied to decipher their functions. To address this gap, our study sought to comprehensively characterize mouse erythroid cells through contemporary transcriptomic and proteomic approaches. By evaluating CD71 and Ter-119 as sorting markers for murine erythroid cells and employing bulk NanoString transcriptomics, we discerned distinctive gene expression profiles between bone marrow and fetal liver-derived erythroid cells. Additionally, leveraging flow cytometry, we assessed the surface expression of CD44, CD45, CD71, and Ter-119 on normal and phenylhydrazine-induced hemolytic anemia mouse bone marrow and splenic erythroid cells. Key findings emerged: firstly, the utilization of CD71 for cell sorting yielded comparatively impure erythroid cell populations compared to Ter-119; secondly, discernible differences in immunoregulatory molecule expression were evident between erythroid cells from mouse bone marrow and fetal liver; thirdly, two discrete branches of mouse erythropoiesis were identified based on CD45 expression: CD45-negative and CD45-positive, which had been altered differently in response to phenylhydrazine. Our deductions underscore (1) Ter-119's superiority over CD71 as a murine erythroid cell sorting marker, (2) the potential of erythroid cells in murine antimicrobial immunity, and (3) the importance of investigating CD45-positive and CD45-negative murine erythroid cells separately and in further detail in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sergey Sennikov
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia; (O.P.-Z.); (R.P.-Z.); (K.N.); (M.V.); (S.A.)
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231
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Suzuki N, Tanigawa H, Nagatomo T, Miyagishi H, Kanazawa T, Suzuki T, Kosuge Y. Utility of a Novel Micro-Spraying Device for Intranasal Administration of Drug Solutions to Mice. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2553. [PMID: 38004533 PMCID: PMC10675388 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Intranasal administration has attracted attention as a means of delivering drugs because it bypasses the blood-brain barrier. However, conventional intranasal administration of drug solutions to mice using the micropipette method (MP method) is complicated and time-consuming because it requires small doses to be administered under inhalation anesthesia. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a novel intranasal administration method using Micro FPS™, a novel micro-spraying device (the MSD method). The MSD method allowed more reliable administration of the solution to the nasal mucosa than the MP method did. The transfer of inulin, a model water-soluble macromolecule compound, to the olfactory bulb and brain (cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem, and striatum) was similar with the two methods. It also allowed the drug to be administered in a shorter time. These results suggest that the MSD method is simpler and more rapid than the MP method for intranasal administration of drugs to mice and achieves comparable delivery of inulin to the olfactory bulb and brain. Therefore, the Micro FPS™ device is a potentially useful tool for intranasal drug administration to rodents and could facilitate the development of intranasal formulations, contributing to drug development for central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Suzuki
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi 274-8555, Chiba, Japan; (H.T.); (T.N.); (T.S.)
| | - Hiroaki Tanigawa
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi 274-8555, Chiba, Japan; (H.T.); (T.N.); (T.S.)
| | - Taiki Nagatomo
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi 274-8555, Chiba, Japan; (H.T.); (T.N.); (T.S.)
| | - Hiroko Miyagishi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi 274-8555, Chiba, Japan;
| | - Takanori Kanazawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shoumachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Tokushima, Japan;
| | - Toyofumi Suzuki
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi 274-8555, Chiba, Japan; (H.T.); (T.N.); (T.S.)
| | - Yasuhiro Kosuge
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi 274-8555, Chiba, Japan;
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Tchekalarova J, Todorov P, Rangelov M, Stoyanova T, Todorova N. Additive Anticonvulsant Profile and Molecular Docking Analysis of 5,5'-Diphenylhydantoin Schiff Bases and Phenytoin. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2912. [PMID: 38001914 PMCID: PMC10669120 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Four 5,5'-diphenylhydantoin Schiff bases possessing different aromatic species (SB1-SB4) were recently synthesized and characterized using spectroscopic and electrochemical tools. The present study aimed to ascertain the anticonvulsant activity of the novel phenytoin derivatives SB1-Ph, SB2-Ph, SB3-Ph, and SB4-Ph, containing different electron-donor and electron-acceptor groups, and their possible mechanism of action. The SB2-Ph exhibited the highest potency to suppress the seizure spread with ED50 = 8.29 mg/kg, comparable to phenytoin (ED50 = 5.96 mg/kg). While SB2-Ph did not produce neurotoxicity and sedation, it decreased locomotion and stereotypy compared to control. When administered in combination, the four Schiff bases decreased the phenytoin ED50 by more than 2× and raised the protective index by more than 7× (phenytoin+SB2-Ph). The strongest correlation between in-vivo and docking study results was found for ligands' interaction energies with kappa and delta receptors. These data, combined with the worst interaction energies of our ligands with the mu receptor, suggest that the primary mechanism of their action involves the kappa and delta receptors, where the selectivity to the kappa receptor leads to higher biological effects. Our findings suggest that the four Schiff bases might be promising candidates with potential applications as a safe and effective adjuvant in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Tchekalarova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Petar Todorov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Miroslav Rangelov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Tsveta Stoyanova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Nadezhda Todorova
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
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Guthrie CM, Tan X, Meeker AC, Self AE, Liu L, Cheng Y. Engineering a dual vaccine against COVID-19 and tuberculosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1273019. [PMID: 37965265 PMCID: PMC10641007 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1273019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus, has been one of the top public health threats across the world over the past three years. Mycobacterium bovis BCG is currently the only licensed vaccine for tuberculosis, one of the deadliest infectious diseases in the world, that is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In the past decades, recombinant M.bovis BCG has been studied as a novel vaccine vector for other infectious diseases in humans besides tuberculosis, such as viral infections. In the current study, we generated a recombinant M. bovis BCG strain AspikeRBD that expresses a fusion protein consisting of M. tb Ag85A protein and the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein using synthetic biology technique. Our results show that the recombinant M. bovis BCG strain successfully expressed this fusion protein. Interestingly, the recombinant M. bovis BCG strain AspikeRBD significantly induced SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific T cell activation and IgG production in mice when compared to the parental M.bovis BCG strain, and was more potent than the recombinant M.bovis BCG strain expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD alone. As expected, the recombinant M. bovis BCG strain AspikeRBD activated an increased number of M. tb Ag85A-specific IFNγ-releasing T cells and enhanced IgG production in mice when compared to the parental M.bovis BCG strain or the BCG strain expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD alone. Taken together, our results indicate a potential application of the recombinant M. bovis BCG strain AspikeRBD as a novel dual vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 and M. tb in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlyn Monèt Guthrie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Xuejuan Tan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Amber Cherry Meeker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Ashton Elisabeth Self
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Lin Liu
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Yong Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
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234
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Zhao R, Fajardo J, Shen GX. Influence of Brown or Germinated Brown Rice Supplementation on Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Microbiome in Diet-Induced Insulin-Resistant Mice. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2629. [PMID: 38004641 PMCID: PMC10673137 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Intake of whole grain foods is associated with improving metabolic profile compared to refined grain products, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study examined the effects of brown rice (BRR) or germinated brown rice (GBR) supplementation on fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and relationship with gut microbiota, metabolism and inflammation in high fat (HF)-diet-fed mice. The results demonstrated that an HF diet supplemented with BRR or GBR comparably increased the abundance of fecal isobutyric acid compared to that in mice receiving HF+white rice (WHR) diet (p < 0.01). The abundance of valeric acid in HF+GBR-diet-fed mice was higher than those receiving HF+WHR diet (p < 0.05). The abundances of fecal isobutyric acid negatively correlated with fasting plasma glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triglycerides, tumor necrosis factor-α, plasminogen activator inhibit-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (p < 0.01). The abundance of valeric acids negatively correlated with insulin resistance (p < 0.05). The abundances of isobutyric acid positively correlated with Lactobacillus, but negatively correlated with Dubosiella genus bacteria (p < 0.05). The findings demonstrated that the increases in SCFAs in the feces of BRR and GBR-treated mice were associated with improvements in gut microbiome, metabolic and inflammatory profile, which may contribute to the antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects of the whole grains in HF-diet-fed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Garry X. Shen
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Food and Human Nutritional Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada; (R.Z.); (J.F.)
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Takeuchi A, Ye Y, Takada K, Mori R, Nakamura T, Oda N, Mijiti M, Banno A, Nagaoka S. Pentapeptide IIAEK ameliorates cholesterol metabolism via the suppression of intestinal cholesterol absorption in mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 87:1345-1353. [PMID: 37667492 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Dietary protein-derived peptides are effective in improving dyslipidemia and hypercholesterolemia. We previously identified a novel cholesterol-lowering pentapeptide IIAEK from milk beta-lactoglobulin. However, it remains unclear whether IIAEK affects the micellar solubility of cholesterol and the bile acid-binding ability to lower cholesterol. Moreover, there is no direct evidence that IIAEK inhibits intestinal cholesterol absorption and affects hepatic cholesterol and fecal steroid excretion in vivo. Herein, we showed that IIAEK did not affect the micellar solubility of cholesterol and the bile acid-binding ability. However, we found that IIAEK decreased serum and liver cholesterol levels and increased fecal steroid excretion in mice. Interestingly, IIAEK markedly suppressed the intestinal absorption of [3H]-cholesterol in mice. In conclusion, we found that IIAEK ameliorated cholesterol metabolism by suppressing intestinal cholesterol absorption without affecting in vitro micellar solubility of cholesterol and the bile acid-binding ability in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asahi Takeuchi
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yuyang Ye
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Keigo Takada
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Mori
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Toma Nakamura
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Natsuki Oda
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Maihemuti Mijiti
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Arata Banno
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nagaoka
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
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236
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Rombaut C, Roura-Martinez D, Lepolard C, Gascon E. Brief and long maternal separation in C57Bl6J mice: behavioral consequences for the dam and the offspring. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1269866. [PMID: 37936649 PMCID: PMC10626007 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1269866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Animal models, especially rodents, have become instrumental to experimentally investigate the effects of an adverse post-natal environment on the developing brain. For this purpose, maternal separation (MS) paradigms have been widely used in the last decades. Nonetheless, how MS affects maternal behavior and, ultimately, the offspring depend on multiple variables. Methods To gain further insights into the consequences of MS, we decided to thoroughly measure and compare the effects of short (15 min, 3 times/day) vs. long (3 h, 1 time/day) separation on multiple maternally-associated behaviors and across the entire post-natal period. Results Compared to unhandled control litters, our results confirmed previous studies and indicated that SMS enhanced the time and variety of maternal care whereas LMS resulted in poor caregiving. We also showed that SMS-accrued caregiving persisted during the whole post-natal period. In contrast, LMS effects on maternal behavior were restricted to the early life (P2-P10). Finally, we also analyzed the behavioral consequences of these different rearing social environments on the offspring. We found that MS has profound effects in social tasks. We showed that affiliative touch, a type of prosocial behavior that provides comfort to others, is particularly sensitive to the modification of maternal caregiving. Discussion Our results provide further support to the contention that interactions during the early post-natal period critically contribute to emotional processing and brain co-construction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eduardo Gascon
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INT, Inst Neurosci Timone, Marseille, France
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237
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Drozdovska S, Zanou N, Lavier J, Mazzolai L, Millet GP, Pellegrin M. Moderate Effects of Hypoxic Training at Low and Supramaximal Intensities on Skeletal Muscle Metabolic Gene Expression in Mice. Metabolites 2023; 13:1103. [PMID: 37887428 PMCID: PMC10609052 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13101103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The muscle molecular adaptations to different exercise intensities in combination with hypoxia are not well understood. This study investigated the effect of low- and supramaximal-intensity hypoxic training on muscle metabolic gene expression in mice. C57BL/6 mice were divided into two groups: sedentary and training. Training consisted of 4 weeks at low or supramaximal intensity, either in normoxia or hypoxia (FiO2 = 0.13). The expression levels of genes involved in the hypoxia signaling pathway (Hif1a and Vegfa), the metabolism of glucose (Gys1, Glut4, Hk2, Pfk, and Pkm1), lactate (Ldha, Mct1, Mct4, Pdh, and Pdk4) and lipid (Cd36, Fabp3, Ucp2, Hsl, and Mcad), and mitochondrial energy metabolism and biogenesis (mtNd1, mtNd6, CytC, CytB, Pgc1a, Pgc1β, Nrf1, Tfam, and Cs) were determined in the gastrocnemius muscle. No physical performance improvement was observed between groups. In normoxia, supramaximal intensity training caused upregulation of major genes involved in the transport of glucose and lactate, fatty acid oxidation, and mitochondrial biogenesis, while low intensity training had a minor effect. The exposure to hypoxia changed the expression of some genes in the sedentary mice but had a moderate effect in trained mice compared to respective normoxic mice. In hypoxic groups, low-intensity training increased the mRNA levels of Mcad and Cs, while supramaximal intensity training decreased the mRNA levels of Mct1 and Mct4. The results indicate that hypoxic training, regardless of exercise intensity, has a moderate effect on muscle metabolic gene expression in healthy mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svitlana Drozdovska
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (S.D.); (N.Z.); (J.L.)
- Biomedical Disciplines Department, Health, Physical Education and Tourism Faculty, National University of Ukraine on Physical Education and Sport, 03150 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Nadège Zanou
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (S.D.); (N.Z.); (J.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Lavier
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (S.D.); (N.Z.); (J.L.)
- Angiology Division, Heart and Vessel Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Lucia Mazzolai
- Angiology Division, Heart and Vessel Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Grégoire P. Millet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (S.D.); (N.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Maxime Pellegrin
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (S.D.); (N.Z.); (J.L.)
- Angiology Division, Heart and Vessel Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
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Fertaki S, Giannoutsou P, Orkoula MG. Combining Raman Microspectroscopy and X-ray Microcomputed Tomography for the Study of Bone Quality in Apolipoprotein-Deficient Animal Models. Molecules 2023; 28:7196. [PMID: 37894675 PMCID: PMC10609250 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Raman microspectroscopy and X-ray microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) were used for assessment of the quality of the femur and tibia bones in apolipoprotein-deficient mice compared to control littermates. The cortical and trabecular bone was investigated separately. Raman spectra revealed no differences in the bioapatite-to-collagenous matrix ratio of the cortical bone. The quantities of calcium and collagen, which were measured using atomic absorption spectrometry and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively, were also found to be equal in the two groups. Density and morphometric parameters, which were measured using micro-CT, verified the cortical mineral stability. Bone quality indices were measured using Raman spectra. A decreased collagen crosslink (trivalent-to-divalent) ratio revealed delayed maturation of the collagen network. Such a decrease has been reported in the literature to be connected to decreased bone strength. For the trabecular bone, micro-CT revealed severe osteoporosis in the knock-out group, which was evident from a decreased mineral density, trabecular thickness and increased bone surface/volume ratio. The trabecular bone was not accessible for Raman spectroscopy. According to these results, the cortical and trabecular femur bone is expected to exhibit proneness to fracturing, each for a different reason. A combination of the two techniques was regarded as necessary for an overall assessment of bone quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefani Fertaki
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 265 04 Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology, Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperatures, FORTH/ICE-HT, 265 04 Patras, Greece
| | - Panagiota Giannoutsou
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 265 04 Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology, Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperatures, FORTH/ICE-HT, 265 04 Patras, Greece
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Li C, Su Z, Chen Z, Cao J, Liu X, Xu F. Corrigendum: Lactobacillus reuteri strain 8008 attenuated the aggravation of depressive-like behavior induced by CUMS in high-fat diet-fed mice through regulating the gut microbiota. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1318323. [PMID: 37927603 PMCID: PMC10623423 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1318323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1149185.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Canye Li
- Fengxian Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuanjun Su
- Fengxian Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhicong Chen
- Fengxian Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinming Cao
- Fengxian Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiufeng Liu
- Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Fengxian Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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240
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Wu Z, He J, Zhang Z, Li J, Zou H, Tan X, Wang Y, Yao Y, Xiong W. Propionic Acid Driven by the Lactobacillus johnsonii Culture Supernatant Alleviates Colitis by Inhibiting M1 Macrophage Polarization by Modulating the MAPK Pathway in Mice. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:14951-14966. [PMID: 37788400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of Lactobacillus johnsonii on the mouse colitis model. The results showed that the supernatant of the L. johnsonii culture alleviated colitis and remodeled gut microbiota, represented by an increased abundance of bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids, leading to an increased concentration of propionic acid in the intestine. Further studies revealed that propionic acid inhibited activation of the MAPK signaling pathway and polarization of M1 macrophages. Macrophage clearance assays confirmed that macrophages are indispensable for alleviating colitis through propionic acid. In vitro experiments showed that propionic acid directly inhibited the MAPK signaling pathway in macrophages and reduced M1 macrophage polarization, thereby inhibiting the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These findings improve our understanding of how L. johnsonii attenuates inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and provide valuable insights for identifying molecular targets for IBD treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Wu
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinhui He
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zeyue Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huicong Zou
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiang Tan
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yong Yao
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wen Xiong
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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241
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Lepolard C, Rombaut C, Jaouen F, Borges A, Caccomo-Garcia E, Popa N, Gascon E. Optimized miR-124 reporters uncover differences in miR-124 expression among neuronal populations in vitro. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1257599. [PMID: 37920296 PMCID: PMC10619730 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1257599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although intensively studied in the last decades, how microRNAs (miRNAs) are expressed across different cell types in the brain remains largely unknown. Materials To address this issue, we sought to develop optimized fluorescence reporters that could be expressed in precise cellular subsets and used to accurately quantify miR contents in vivo. Results Focusing on miR-124, we tested different reporter designs whose efficiency was confirmed in different in vitro settings including cell lines and primary neuronal cultures from different brain structures. Unlike previous reporters, we provide experimental evidence that our optimized designs can faithfully translate miR levels in vitro. Discussion Tools developed here would enable assessing miRNA expression at the single cell resolution and are expected to significantly contribute to future miRNA research in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Lepolard
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INT, Institute of Neuroscience of la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Cynthia Rombaut
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INT, Institute of Neuroscience of la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Jaouen
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INT, Institute of Neuroscience of la Timone, Marseille, France
- Neurobiotools Facility (Neurovir), Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INT, Institute of Neuroscience of la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Ana Borges
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INT, Institute of Neuroscience of la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Elodie Caccomo-Garcia
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INT, Institute of Neuroscience of la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Natalia Popa
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INT, Institute of Neuroscience of la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Eduardo Gascon
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INT, Institute of Neuroscience of la Timone, Marseille, France
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242
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Guo Z, Yin L, Diaz V, Dai B, Osakada T, Lischinsky JE, Chien J, Yamaguchi T, Urtecho A, Tong X, Chen ZS, Lin D. Neural dynamics in the limbic system during male social behaviors. Neuron 2023; 111:3288-3306.e4. [PMID: 37586365 PMCID: PMC10592239 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Sexual and aggressive behaviors are vital for species survival and individual reproductive success. Although many limbic regions have been found relevant to these behaviors, how social cues are represented across regions and how the network activity generates each behavior remains elusive. To answer these questions, we utilize multi-fiber photometry (MFP) to simultaneously record Ca2+ signals of estrogen receptor alpha (Esr1)-expressing cells from 13 limbic regions in male mice during mating and fighting. We find that conspecific sensory information and social action signals are widely distributed in the limbic system and can be decoded from the network activity. Cross-region correlation analysis reveals striking increases in the network functional connectivity during the social action initiation phase, whereas late copulation is accompanied by a "dissociated" network state. Based on the response patterns, we propose a mating-biased network (MBN) and an aggression-biased network (ABN) for mediating male sexual and aggressive behaviors, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Guo
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Luping Yin
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Veronica Diaz
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Bing Dai
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Takuya Osakada
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Julieta E Lischinsky
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jonathan Chien
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Takashi Yamaguchi
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ashley Urtecho
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Tong
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Zhe S Chen
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY 11201, USA
| | - Dayu Lin
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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243
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Koprivica I, Stanisavljević S, Mićanović D, Jevtić B, Stojanović I, Miljković Đ. ILC3: a case of conflicted identity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1271699. [PMID: 37915588 PMCID: PMC10616800 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1271699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells type 3 (ILC3s) are the first line sentinels at the mucous tissues, where they contribute to the homeostatic immune response in a major way. Also, they have been increasingly appreciated as important modulators of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune responses, both locally and systemically. The proper identification of ILC3 is of utmost importance for meaningful studies on their role in immunity. Flow cytometry is the method of choice for the detection and characterization of ILC3. However, the analysis of ILC3-related papers shows inconsistency in ILC3 phenotypic definition, as different inclusion and exclusion markers are used for their identification. Here, we present these discrepancies in the phenotypic characterization of human and mouse ILC3s. We discuss the pros and cons of using various markers for ILC3 identification. Furthermore, we consider the possibilities for the efficient isolation and propagation of ILC3 from different organs and tissues for in-vitro and in-vivo studies. This paper calls upon uniformity in ILC3 definition, isolation, and propagation for the increased possibility of confluent interpretation of ILC3's role in immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Đorđe Miljković
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković” - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Zlygosteva O, Juvkam IS, Aass HCD, Galtung HK, Søland TM, Malinen E, Edin NFJ. Cytokine Levels in Saliva Are Associated with Salivary Gland Fibrosis and Hyposalivation in Mice after Fractionated Radiotherapy of the Head and Neck. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15218. [PMID: 37894899 PMCID: PMC10607825 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are mediators of inflammation that could lead to fibrosis. The aim was to monitor cytokine levels in saliva and serum after locally fractionated radiotherapy of the head and neck in mice and investigate associations with salivary gland fibrosis and hyposalivation. C57BL/6 mice were randomized to sham or X-ray irradiation of 66 Gy in 10 fractions over 5 days. Blood and saliva were collected on days -7, 5, 35, 80, and 105 following cytokine analysis. The harvested submandibular salivary gland was assessed for the presence of fibrosis. Decision tree regression analysis was used to investigate whether cytokine levels could predict late endpoints in terms of hyposalivation or fibrosis. Significant formation of fibrosis in gland tissue and reduced saliva production was found after irradiation. The pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1α, TNF, TIMP1, G-CSF, KC, and MIP-1α showed increased levels in saliva in irradiated mice and a strong correlation with late endpoints. The decision tree analysis largely separated controls from irradiated animals, with IL-1α being the strongest predictor. Pro-inflammatory cytokines in saliva, but not in serum, were associated with late endpoints. This indicates that cytokine expression in saliva is a good biomarker for local salivary gland damage with IL-1α as the strongest single predictor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Zlygosteva
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway; (O.Z.); (E.M.)
| | - Inga Solgård Juvkam
- Institute of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway; (I.S.J.); (H.K.G.); (T.M.S.)
| | - Hans Christian D. Aass
- The Blood Cell Research Group, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, 0450 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Hilde K. Galtung
- Institute of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway; (I.S.J.); (H.K.G.); (T.M.S.)
| | - Tine M. Søland
- Institute of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway; (I.S.J.); (H.K.G.); (T.M.S.)
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Eirik Malinen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway; (O.Z.); (E.M.)
- Department of Radiation Biology, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
| | - Nina F. J. Edin
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway; (O.Z.); (E.M.)
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Shen T, Zhang W, Wang Y, Li H, Wu J, Wang Q, Qin L, Zhang L, Liu C, Li R. Effects of Microplastic (MP) Exposure at Environmentally Relevant Doses on the Structure, Function, and Transcriptome of the Kidney in Mice. Molecules 2023; 28:7104. [PMID: 37894583 PMCID: PMC10608837 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As a common emerging environmental pollutant, microplastics (MPs) have been detected in a variety of environmental media and human bodies. The potential toxic effects and mechanisms of MPs need to be revealed urgently. MPs can be deposited in the kidney, and exposure to high doses of MPs can cause nephrotoxicity in experimental animals. In this study, we investigated the effects of exposure to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) at environmentally relevant doses (0.1 and 1 mg/L) on kidney structure, function, and transcriptome in mice. We found that mice exposed to PS-MPs in drinking water for eight weeks had no change in body weight or kidney coefficient. PS-MPs administration decreased the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in mice, while serum creatinine (CRE) and uric acid (UA) concentrations were unaffected. Through using periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Masson staining, we discovered that the glomerular tuft area increased in the PS-MP-treated mice, while the degree of renal fibrosis remained unchanged. Furthermore, renal cortex transcriptomic analysis identified 388 and 303 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the 0.1 and 1 mg/L dose groups, respectively. The DEGs were highly enriched in mitochondrial-related terms and pathways of thermogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation. Moreover, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis revealed that cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 10 (UQCR11) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3 (MT-CO3) were important node proteins. These findings suggest that environmental exposure to MPs can cause abnormalities in renal structure and filtration function and that long-term exposure to MPs may be a risk factor for renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cuiqing Liu
- School of Public Health, Joint China-US Research Center for Environment and Pulmonary Diseases, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China (J.W.)
| | - Ran Li
- School of Public Health, Joint China-US Research Center for Environment and Pulmonary Diseases, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China (J.W.)
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246
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Cheng J, Lee J, Liu Y, Wang Y, Duan M, Zeng Z. Effects of myostatin gene knockout on white fat browning and related gene expression in type 2 diabetic mice. ADV CLIN EXP MED 2023; 33:0-0. [PMID: 37831473 DOI: 10.17219/acem/171300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myostatin (Mstn) plays an important role in adipocyte growth, differentiation and metabolism, leading to the development of obesity. OBJECTIVES We aimed to explore the effect of Mstn on white fat browning in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIAL AND METHODS Twelve wild-type (WT), 12 heterozygous (Mstn(+/-)) and 12 homozygous (Mstn(-/-)) male mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: WT, Mstn(+/-), Mstn(-/-), WT+DM, Mstn(+/-)+DM, and Mstn(-/-)+DM. The first 3 groups were fed normal chow, while the last 3 were fed high-fat diet and administered streptozotocin to generate T2DM. Subsequently, body mass, length, and white and brown fat masses were measured, after which Lee's index, white-brown ratio and fat index were calculated. The serum free fatty acid (FFA) levels were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to analyze white and brown fat cell morphology. The relative expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α), uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), and cluster of differentiation 137 (CD137) protein were determined with western blotting. RESULTS The Mstn(-/-) group displayed higher levels of PPARγ, PGC-1α and CD137 proteins in white and brown fat compared to the WT and Mstn(+/-) groups, while the expression level of UCP1 protein in the Mstn(-/-) group was higher than in the WT group. The expression levels of PPARγ, PGC-1α, UCP1, and CD137 proteins in the WT+DM group were lower than in the WT group. Moreover, PPARγ, PGC-1α, UCP1, and CD137 proteins were more highly expressed in the Mstn(-/-)+DM group compared to the WT+DM and Mstn(+/-)+DM groups. CONCLUSIONS The Mstn gene inhibition antagonizes obesity phenotypes, such as white fat accumulation and lipid metabolism derangement caused by T2DM, thus promoting white fat browning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Cheng
- School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- School of Sports Science, Kyonggi University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jaewoo Lee
- Graduate School, Kyonggi University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Yangqing Liu
- Department of Editing, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, China
| | - Mingtao Duan
- School of Sports Science, Kyonggi University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Graduate School, Kyonggi University, Suwon, South Korea
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Zakharova AN, Milovanova KG, Orlova AA, Dyakova EY, Kalinnikova JG, Kollantay OV, Shuvalov IY, Chibalin AV, Kapilevich LV. Effects of Treadmill Running at Different Light Cycles in Mice with Metabolic Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15132. [PMID: 37894813 PMCID: PMC10606442 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus accounts for about 90% of cases of diabetes and is considered one of the most important problems of our time. Despite a significant number of studies on glucose metabolism, the molecular mechanisms of its regulation in health and disease remain insufficiently studied. That is why non-drug treatment of metabolic disorders is of great relevance, including physical activity. Metabolic changes under the influence of physical activity are very complex and are still difficult to understand. This study aims to deepen the understanding of the effect of physical exercise on metabolic changes in mice with diabetes mellitus. We studied the effect of forced treadmill running on body weight and metabolic parameters in mice with metabolic disorders. We developed a high-fat-diet-induced diabetic model of metabolic disorders. We exposed mice to forced treadmill running for 4 weeks. We determined glucose and insulin levels in the blood plasma biochemically and analyzed Glut-4 and citrate synthase in M. gastrocnemius muscle tissue using Western blotting. The research results show that daily treadmill running has different effects on different age groups of mice with metabolic disorders. In young-age animals, forced running has a more pronounced effect on body weight. At week 12, young obese mice had a 17% decrease in body weight. Body weight did not change in old mice. Moreover, at weeks 14 and 16, the decrease in body weight was more significant in the young mice (by 17%) compared to the old mice (by 6%) (p < 0.05). In older animals, it influences the rate of glucose uptake. At 60 min, the blood glucose in the exercised older mice decreased to 14.46 mmol/L, while the glucose concentration in the non-exercised group remained at 17 mmol/L. By 120 min, in mice subjected to exercise, the blood glucose approached the initial value (6.92 mmol/L) and amounted to 8.35 mmol/L. In the non-exercised group, this difference was 45%. The effects of physical activity depend on the time of day. The greater effect is observed when performing shift training or exercise during the time when animals are passive (light phase). In young mice, light phase training had a significant effect on increasing the content of Glut-4 in muscle tissue (84.3 ± 11.3%, p < 0.05 with control group-59.3 ± 7.8%). In aged mice, shift training caused an increase in the level of Glut-4 in muscle tissue (71.3 ± 4.1%, p < 0.05 with control group-56.4 ± 10,9%). In the group of aged mice, a lower CS level was noticed in all groups in comparison with young mice. It should also be noted that we observed that CS increased during exercise in the group of young mice, especially during light phase training. The CS content in the light phase subgroup (135.8 ± 7.0%) was higher than in the dark phase subgroup (113.3 ± 7.7%) (p = 0.0006). The CS decreased in aged chow-fed mice and increased in the high-fat-fed group. The CS content in the chow diet group (58.2 ± 5.0%) was 38% lower than in the HFD group (94.9 ± 8.8%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nikolaevna Zakharova
- Department of Sport Tourism, Sport Physiology and Medicine, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.G.M.); (A.A.O.); (E.Y.D.); (J.G.K.); (O.V.K.); (I.Y.S.); (A.V.C.); (L.V.K.)
| | - Kseniya Gennadievna Milovanova
- Department of Sport Tourism, Sport Physiology and Medicine, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.G.M.); (A.A.O.); (E.Y.D.); (J.G.K.); (O.V.K.); (I.Y.S.); (A.V.C.); (L.V.K.)
| | - Anna Alekseevna Orlova
- Department of Sport Tourism, Sport Physiology and Medicine, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.G.M.); (A.A.O.); (E.Y.D.); (J.G.K.); (O.V.K.); (I.Y.S.); (A.V.C.); (L.V.K.)
| | - Elena Yuryevna Dyakova
- Department of Sport Tourism, Sport Physiology and Medicine, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.G.M.); (A.A.O.); (E.Y.D.); (J.G.K.); (O.V.K.); (I.Y.S.); (A.V.C.); (L.V.K.)
| | - Julia Gennadievna Kalinnikova
- Department of Sport Tourism, Sport Physiology and Medicine, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.G.M.); (A.A.O.); (E.Y.D.); (J.G.K.); (O.V.K.); (I.Y.S.); (A.V.C.); (L.V.K.)
| | - Olesya Vadimovna Kollantay
- Department of Sport Tourism, Sport Physiology and Medicine, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.G.M.); (A.A.O.); (E.Y.D.); (J.G.K.); (O.V.K.); (I.Y.S.); (A.V.C.); (L.V.K.)
| | - Igor Yurievich Shuvalov
- Department of Sport Tourism, Sport Physiology and Medicine, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.G.M.); (A.A.O.); (E.Y.D.); (J.G.K.); (O.V.K.); (I.Y.S.); (A.V.C.); (L.V.K.)
| | - Alexander Valerievich Chibalin
- Department of Sport Tourism, Sport Physiology and Medicine, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.G.M.); (A.A.O.); (E.Y.D.); (J.G.K.); (O.V.K.); (I.Y.S.); (A.V.C.); (L.V.K.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section of Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leonid Vladimirovich Kapilevich
- Department of Sport Tourism, Sport Physiology and Medicine, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (K.G.M.); (A.A.O.); (E.Y.D.); (J.G.K.); (O.V.K.); (I.Y.S.); (A.V.C.); (L.V.K.)
- Central Research Laboratory, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
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248
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Aloni E, Tibi M, Hochgerner H, Zeisel A. Sexual dimorphism in synaptic inputs to the mouse amygdala and orbital cortex. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1258284. [PMID: 37901417 PMCID: PMC10601666 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1258284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The medial amygdala (MeA) is a sexually dimorphic brain region that regulates fear responses, emotional memories, and social behaviors. It is known to be larger and contains more cells in males. The MeA integrates information through input connections from olfactory regions, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, ventral hippocampus, and thalamic and hypothalamic structures. We hypothesize that in addition to the size differences, there are differences in regional connectivity between the sexes. In this study, we utilized G-deleted rabies monosynaptic retrograde tracing to compare amygdala presynaptic cells in male and female whole mouse brains. We report differences in connection patterns to the amygdala, with higher overall connectivity (presynaptic per starter) in males and a larger fraction of inputs originating from the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, lateral septum, and medial preoptic area. Furthermore, we examined input connections to the orbital cortex (ORB), a brain region shown to be larger in volume in females, and found the opposite trend, where females had more total inputs. Together, our findings extend the evidence for sexual dimorphism in the brain to the neuronal wiring pattern, with likely impacts on behavior and disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Amit Zeisel
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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249
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Negus SS, Akbarali HI, Kang M, Lee YK, Marsh SA, Santos EJ, Zhang Y. Role of mu opioid receptor (MOR) agonist efficacy as a determinant of opioid antinociception in a novel assay of pain-depressed behavior in female and male mice. Front Pain Res (Lausanne) 2023; 4:1281698. [PMID: 37886350 PMCID: PMC10598607 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1281698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Intermediate efficacy mu opioid receptor (MOR) agonists have potential to retain analgesic effectiveness while improving safety, but the optimal MOR efficacy for effective and safe opioid analgesia is unknown. Preclinical assays of pain-depressed behavior can assess effects of opioids and other candidate analgesics on pain-related behavioral depression, which is a common manifestation of clinically relevant pain and target of pain treatment. Accordingly, the present study goal was to validate a novel assay of pain-depressed locomotor behavior in mice and evaluate the role of MOR efficacy as a determinant of opioid analgesic effects and related safety measures. Methods Male and female ICR mice were tested in a locomotor chamber consisting of 2 compartments connected by a doorway that contained a 1-inch-tall barrier. Dependent measures during 15-min behavioral sessions included crosses between compartments (which required vertical activity to surmount the barrier) and total movement counts (which required horizontal activity to break photobeams in each compartment). Results and Discussion Intraperitoneal injection of lactic acid (IP acid) produced a concentration- and time-dependent depression of both endpoints. Optimal blockade of IP acid-induced behavioral depression with minimal motor impairment was achieved with intermediate-efficacy MOR treatments that also produced less gastrointestinal-transit inhibition and respiratory depression than the high-efficacy MOR agonist fentanyl. Sex differences in treatment effects were rare. Overall, these findings validate a novel procedure for evaluating opioids and other candidate analgesic effects on pain-related behavioral depression in mice and support continued research with intermediate-efficacy MOR agonists as a strategy to retain opioid analgesic effectiveness with improved safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Stevens Negus
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Hamid I. Akbarali
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Minho Kang
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Young K. Lee
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Samuel A. Marsh
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Edna J. Santos
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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250
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Weng W, Wang X, Cui Y. Artesunate Alleviates Chronic Hyperoxia-induced Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia by Suppressing NF-κB Pathway in Neonatal Mice. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2023; 26:CCHTS-EPUB-135119. [PMID: 37861045 DOI: 10.2174/0113862073246710231002042239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung condition that occurs in premature infants who undergo prolonged mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy. Existing treatment methods have shown limited efficacy, highlighting the urgent need for new therapeutic strategies. Artesunate (AS) is a compound known for its potential anti-inflammatory properties, and studies have shown its protective effects against acute lung injury. However, its impact on BPD and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of AS on chronic hyperoxiainduced BPD in neonatal mice. METHOD Full-term C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to the Air+lactate Ringer's solution (L/R) group, O2 + L/R group, and O2 + AS group. Analysis was performed using assay methods such as ELISA, RT-qPCR, hematoxylin-eosin staining, and Western blotting. RESULTS Compared with the O2+L/R group, the expression of inflammatory factors in the serum, tissue, and BALF of the O2+AS group was significantly reduced, the lung function of the mice was improved, and the inflammatory infiltrates were significantly alleviated. AS inhibited the mRNA expression of inflammatory factors in mice. We found that the expression of nuclear p65 and cytoplasmic p-IκBα in the NF-κB pathway was inhibited after adding AS. CONCLUSION AS ameliorated chronic hyperoxia-induced BPD in neonatal mice probably by inhibiting the expression of NF-κB pathway and inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Weng
- Yuyao Health Training School Yuyao Health Training School Ningbo China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Jiande First People's Hospital Pediatrics Hangzhou China
| | - Yifei Cui
- Children\'s Hospital of Zhejiang University Pharmacy Hangzhou China
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