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Thaller SR, Hoyt J, Tesluk H, Holmes R. Effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 on zygomatic arch bone regeneration: a preliminary histological and histometric study. Ann Plast Surg 1993; 31:421-8. [PMID: 8285527 DOI: 10.1097/00000637-199311000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A number of physicians have attempted to pharmacologically manipulate the healing of bony fractures with a variety of agents such as growth hormone, thyroxine, chondroitin sulfate, and parathyroid hormone. Thus far, results from these experiments have been inconclusive. Previous research dealing with insulin-like growth factors has centered on cultures of osteoblast-like cells and has demonstrated a stimulatory effect on bone collagen synthesis, which may in fact play a critical role in the process of bone formation itself. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of a genetically engineered growth factor, insulin growth factor type I, on midfacial fracture healing. In 24 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, a standardized defect was created within the midportion of each zygomatic arch. One-half were treated with insulin growth factor type I administered with an osmotic infusion pump and the other half served as control subjects. At 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, animals from each group were killed and specimens of the defect obtained. Data were collected from radiographs and histological studies to compare the extent of bony repair. From this study, it appears that insulin growth factor type I could exert a potentiating effect on the repair of midfacial bone defects.
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Treem WR, Ahsan N, Sullivan B, Rossi T, Holmes R, Fitzgerald J, Proujansky R, Hyams J. Evaluation of liquid yeast-derived sucrase enzyme replacement in patients with sucrase-isomaltase deficiency. Gastroenterology 1993; 105:1061-8. [PMID: 8405850 DOI: 10.1016/0016-5085(93)90950-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No enzyme replacement therapy exists for patients with congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency (CSID). A by-product of the manufacture of baker's yeast is a liquid preparation containing high sucrase activity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the activity and stability of this preparation and its effect on breath hydrogen excretion and gastrointestinal symptoms after sucrose ingestion in 14 patients with CSID. METHODS The homogeneity of yeast sucrase was studied by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and its activity was measured. Stability at various temperatures and pH ranges and in the presence of gastric aspirate, pepsin, and bovine serum albumin was assessed. Fourteen patients with CSID underwent double-blind placebo-controlled breath tests with yeast sucrase. They then completed an 8-week dose response study that used different enzyme concentrations while consuming a sucrose-containing diet. RESULTS Liquid yeast sucrase is highly glycosylated, contains no lactase activity, and is stable at 4 degrees C and over a wide range of pH. Pepsin digestion of the enzyme in vitro can be blunted by bovine serum albumin and by increasing the pH. Yeast sucrase reduces breath hydrogen excretion in patients with CSID who are given a sucrose load (P < 0.001) and allows most patients to consume a sucrose-containing diet. CONCLUSIONS Liquid yeast sucrase offers effective enzyme replacement therapy for patients with CSID.
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Rosenblum L, Buehler JW, Morgan MW, Costa S, Hidalgo J, Holmes R, Lieb L, Shields A, Whyte B. HIV infection in hospitalized patients and Medicaid enrollees: the accuracy of medical record coding. Am J Public Health 1993; 83:1457-9. [PMID: 8214239 PMCID: PMC1694853 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.83.10.1457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the accuracy of computerized medical-record coding for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), medical charts were reviewed in six sites. In 7601 hospital and 867 Medicaid records with a listed diagnosis of HIV, the predictive value for HIV was 91% or higher. HIV was identified in 34% of 1155 Medicaid records listing immune disorder or illness in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) surveillance definition (without an HIV code). In hospital and Medicaid records, AIDS was identified both in records listing AIDS and records listing HIV without AIDS. HIV codes on hospital and Medicaid records were highly predictive for HIV; undercoding of HIV occurred in Medicaid records.
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Anthony PL, Arnold RG, Band HR, Borel H, Bosted PE, Breton V, Cates GD, Chupp TE, Dietrich FS, Dunne J, Erbacher R, Fellbaum J, Fonvieille H, Gearhart R, Holmes R, Hughes EW, Johnson JR, Kawall D, Keppel C, Kuhn SE, Lombard-Nelsen RM, Marroncle J, Maruyama T, Meyer W, Meziani Z, Middleton H, Morgenstern J, Newbury NR, Petratos GG, Pitthan R, Prepost R, Roblin Y, Rock SE, Rokni SH, Shapiro G, Smith T, Souder PA, Spengos M, Staley F, Stuart LM, Szalata ZM, Terrien Y, Thompson AK, White JL, Woods M, Xu J, Young CC, Zapalac G. Determination of the neutron spin structure function. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1993; 71:959-962. [PMID: 10055413 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.71.959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Holmes R. Repaired peroxisome assembly: the future begins now. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1993; 17:111-2. [PMID: 8350201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
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Abreu P, Adam W, Adye T, Agasi E, Alekseev GD, Algeri A, Allen P, Almehed S, Alvsvaag SJ, Amaldi U, Anassontzis EG, Andreazza A, Antilogus P, Apel WD, Apsimon RJ, Åsman B, Augustin JE, Augustinus A, Baillon P, Bambade P, Barao F, Barate R, Barbiellini G, Bardin DY, Barker GJ, Baroncelli A, Barring O, Barrio JA, Bartl W, Bates MJ, Battaglia M, Baubillier M, Becks KH, Beeston CJ, Begalli M, Beilliere P, Belokopytov Y, Beltran P, Benedic D, Benvenuti AC, Berggren M, Bertrand D, Bianchi F, Bilenky MS, Billoir P, Bjarne J, Bloch D, Blyth S, Bocci V, Bogolubov PN, Bolognese T, Bonesini M, Bonivento W, Booth PSL, Borgeaud P, Borisov G, Borner H, Bosio C, Bostjancic B, Bosworth S, Botner O, Bouquet B, Bourdarios C, Bowcock TJV, Bozzo M, Braibant S, Branchini P, Brand KD, Brenner RA, Briand H, Bricman C, Brown RCA, Brummer N, Brunet JM, Bugge L, Buran T, Burmeister H, Buytaert JAMA, Caccia M, Calvi M, Camacho Rozas AJ, Campion R, Camporesi T, Canale V, Cao F, Carena F, Carroll L, Caso C, Castillo Gimenez MV, Cattai A, Cavallo FR, Cerrito L, Chabaud V, Chan A, Charpentier P, Chaussard L, Chauveau J, Checchia P, Chelkov GA, Chevalier L, Chliapnikov P, Chorowicz V, Chrin JTM, Clara MP, Collins P, Contreras JL, Contri R, Cortina E, Cosme G, Couchot F, Crawley HB, Crennell D, Crosetti G, Crozon M, Maestro JC, Czellar S, Dahl-Jensen E, Dalmagne B, Dam M, Damgaard G, Darbo G, Daubie E, Daum A, Dauncey PD, Davenport M, David P, Davies J, Silva W, Defoix C, Delikaris D, Delorme S, Delpierre P, Demaria N, Angelis A, Beer M, Boeck H, Boer W, Clercq C, Fez Laso MDM, Groot N, Vaissiere C, Lotto B, Min A, Dijkstra H, Ciaccio L, Djama F, Dolbeau J, Donszelmann M, Doroba K, Dracos M, Drees J, Dris M, Dufour Y, Eek LO, Eerola PAM, Ehret R, Ekelof T, Ekspong G, Elliot Peisert A, Engel JP, Ershaidat N, Fassouliotis D, Feindt M, Fernandez Alonso M, Ferrer A, Filippas TA, Firestone A, Foeth H, Fokitis E, Fontanelli F, Forbes KAJ, Fousset JL, Francon S, Franek B, Frenkiel P, Fries DC, Frodesen AG, Fruhwirth R, Fulda-Quenzer F, Furnival K, Furstenau H, Fuster J, Galeazzi G, Gamba D, Garcia C, Garcia J, Gaspar C, Gasparini U, Gavillet P, Gazis EN, Gerber JP, Giacomelli P, Gokieli R, Golob B, Golovatyuk VM, Gomez Y Cadenas JJ, Goobar A, Gopal G, Gorski M, Gracco V, Grant A, Grard F, Graziani E, Grosdidier G, Gross E, Grosse-Wiesmann P, Grossetete B, Gumenyuk S, Guy J, Haedinger U, Hahn F, Hahn M, Haider S, Hakansson A, Hallgren A, Hamacher K, Hamel De Monchenault G, Hao W, Harris FJ, Henkes T, Hernandez JJ, Herquet P, Herr H, Hessing TL, Hietanen I, Higgins CO, Higon E, Hilke HJ, Hodgson SD, Hofmokl T, Holmes R, Holmgren SO, Holthuizen D, Honore PF, Hooper JE, Houlden M, Hrubec J, Huet K, Hulth PO, Hultqvist K, Ioannou P, Isenhower D, Iversen PS, Jackson JN, Jalocha P, Jarlskog G, Jarry P, Jean-Marie B, Johansson EK, Johnson D, Jonker M, Jonsson L, Juillot P, Kalkanis G, Kalmus G, Kapusta F, Karlsson M, Karvelas E, Katsanevas S, Katsoufis EC, Keranen R, Kesteman J, Khomenko BA, Khovanski NN, King B, Kjaer NJ, Klein H, Klempt W, Klovning A, Kluit P, Koch-Mehrin A, Koehne JH, Koene B, Kokkinias P, Kopf M, Korcyl K, Korytov AV, Kostioukhine V, Kourkoumelis C, Kouznetsov O, Kramer PH, Krolikowski J, Kronkvist I, Kruener-Marquis U, Krupinski W, Kulka K, Kurvinen K, Lacasta C, Lambropoulos C, Lamsa JW, Lanceri L, Lapin V, Laugier JP, Lauhakangas R, Leder G, Ledroit F, Leitner R, Lemoigne Y, Lemonne J, Lenzen G, Lepeltier V, Lesiak T, Levy JM, Lieb E, Liko D, Lindgren J, Lindner R, Lipniacka A, Lippi I, Loerstad B, Lokajicek M, Loken JG, Lopez-Fernandez A, Lopez Aguera MA, Los M, Loukas D, Lozano JJ, Lutz P, Lyons L, Maehlum G, Maillard J, Maltezos A, Mandl F, Marco J, Margoni M, Marin JC, Markou A, Maron T, Marti S, Mathis L, Matorras F, Matteuzzi C, Matthiae G, Mazzucato M, McCubbin M, McKay R, McNulty R, Meola G, Meroni C, Meyer WT, Michelotto M, Mikulec I, Mirabito L, Mitaroff WA, Mitselmakher GV, Mjoernmark U, Moa T, Moeller R, Moenig K, Monge MR, Morettini P, Mueller H, Murray WJ, Muryn B, Myatt G, Navarria FL, Negri P, Nielsen BS, Nijjhar B, Nikolaenko V, Nilsen PES, Niss P, Obraztsov V, Olshevski AG, Orava R, Ostankov A, Osterberg K, Ouraou A, Paganoni M, Pain R, Palka H, Papadopoulou TD, Pape L, Passeri A, Pegoraro M, Pennanen J, Perevozchikov V, Pernicka M, Perrotta A, Petridou C, Petrolini A, Petrovykh L, Pettersen TE, Pierre F, Pimenta M, Pingot O, Plaszczynski S, Pol ME, Polok G, Poropat P, Privitera P, Pullia A, Radojicic D, Ragazzi S, Rahmani H, Ratoff PN, Read AL, Redaelli NG, Regler M, Reid D, Renton PB, Resvanis LK, Richard F, Richardson M, Ridky J, Rinaudo G, Roditi I, Romero A, Roncagliolo I, Ronchese P, Ronnqvist C, Rosenberg EI, Rossi S, Rossi U, Rosso E, Roudeau P, Rovelli T, Ruckstuhl W, Ruhlmann-Kleider V, Ruiz A, Rybicki K, Saarikko H, Sacquin Y, Sajot G, Salt J, Sanchez J, Sannino M, Schael S, Schneider H, Schulze B, Schyns MAE, Sciolla G, Scuri F, Segar AM, Sekulin R, Sessa M, Sette G, Seufert R, Shellard RC, Siccama I, Siegrist P, Simonetti S, Simonetto F, Sisakian AN, Skaali TB, Skjevling G, Smadja G, Smith GR, Sosnowski R, Spassoff TS, Spiriti E, Squarcia S, Staeck H, Stanescu C, Stapnes S, Stavropoulos G, Stichelbaut F, Stocchi A, Strauss J, Straver J, Strub R, Szczekowski M, Szeptycka M, Szymanski P, Tabarelli T, Tavernier S, Tchikilev O, Theodosiou GE, Tilquin A, Timmermans J, Timofeev VG, Tkatchev LG, Todorov T, Toet DZ, Toker O, Torassa E, Tortora L, Treille D, Trevisan U, Trischuk W, Tristram G, Troncon C, Tsirou A, Tsyganov EN, Turala M, Turluer ML, Tuuva T, Tyapkin IA, Tyndel M, Tzamarias S, Ueberschaer S, Ullaland O, Uvarov V, Valenti G, Vallazza E, Valls Ferrer JA, Velde C, Apeldoorn GW, Dam P, Heijden M, Doninck WK, Vaz P, Vegni G, Ventura L, Venus W, Verbeure F, Vertogradov LS, Vilanova D, Vincent P, Vitale L, Vlasov E, Vodopyanov AS, Vollmer M, Voulgaris G, Voutilainen M, Vrba V, Wahlen H, Walck C, Waldner F, Wayne M, Wehr A, Weierstall M, Weilhammer P, Werner J, Wetherell AM, Wickens JH, Wikne J, Wilkinson GR, Williams WSC, Winter M, Witek M, Wormald D, Wormser G, Woschnagg K, Yamdagni N, Yepes P, Zaitsev A, Zalewska A, Zalewski P, Zavrtanik D, Zevgolatakos E, Zhang G, Zimin NI, Zito M, Zuberi R, Zukanovich Funchal R, Zumerle G, Zuniga J. A measurement ofB meson production and lifetime usingDl − events inZ 0 decays. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01565048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Stoll BJ, Lee FK, Hale E, Schwartz D, Holmes R, Ashby R, Czerkinsky C, Nahmias AJ. Immunoglobulin secretion by the normal and the infected newborn infant. J Pediatr 1993; 122:780-6. [PMID: 8496761 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(06)80026-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The development of quantitative single-cell immunoassays has provided a novel opportunity to demonstrate the isotype-specific immunoglobulin responses in normal and infected neonates. The reverse enzyme-linked immunospot assay was used to determine the number of immunoglobulin-secreting cells (IgSCs) in peripheral blood. Baseline numbers of IgSCs were established in 69 uninfected term and preterm infants within 5 days of birth; values above the 99th percentile were considered elevated. The IgSCs were also measured in 266 infants with proved or suspected infections or congenital anomalies. A subset of newborn infants was retested weekly. Few IgSCs (mostly IgMSCs) were detected within 5 days of birth in uninfected neonates, but by 1 month 77% had increased numbers of IgSCs, primarily IgASCs. Sixty-three (24%) of 266 study infants had increased IgSCs on initial sampling (predominantly IgMSCs); these included infants as immature as 25 to 27 weeks of gestational age; elevations in IgSCs were most frequent in infants with intrauterine infections. Increased numbers of IgSCs were uncommon in infants with early-onset sepsis in the first 5 days but were frequent by the second week, consistent with acquisition of infection near the time of delivery. We conclude that the presence of elevated numbers of IgSCs soon after birth may be a useful surrogate marker of untreated intrauterine infection. The development of predominantly IgASCs in the first month of life suggests postnatal exposure to common mucosal antigens.
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Stoll BJ, Lee FK, Larsen S, Hale E, Schwartz D, Rice RJ, Ashby R, Holmes R, Nahmias AJ. Clinical and serologic evaluation of neonates for congenital syphilis: a continuing diagnostic dilemma. J Infect Dis 1993; 167:1093-9. [PMID: 8486942 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/167.5.1093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Neonates born to women with reactive serologic tests for syphilis were studied; the total of 116 included 18 who were symptomatic, 60 asymptomatic but possibly infected, and 38 asymptomatic and probably uninfected. The fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption (FTA-ABS) 19S IgM test and an IgM capture ELISA for Treponema pallidum, both treponema-specific assays, and the reverse enzyme-linked immunospot (RELISPOT), which detects immunoglobulin-secreting cells and is a nonspecific indicator of infection, were evaluated. Sensitivities among symptomatic neonates were 88% (IgM ELISA), 73% (FTA-ABS), and 78% (RELISPOT). Specificities ranged from 97% to 100%. A major problem has been the inability to identify which asymptomatic but possibly infected neonate is really uninfected. Among 41 such babies who had all three tests done, 93% were negative by all assays, suggesting they were uninfected or recently infected. Strategies to accurately identify the truly uninfected asymptomatic newborn would prevent the unnecessary hospitalization of all at-risk infants, resulting in improved quality of care and reduced costs.
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Barton AS, Bogorad P, Cates GD, Mabuchi H, Middleton H, Newbury NR, Holmes R, McCracken J, Souder PA, Xu J, Tupa D. Highly polarized muonic He produced by collisions with laser optically pumped Rb. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1993; 70:758-761. [PMID: 10054196 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.70.758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Perez HD, Holmes R, Vilander LR, Adams RR, Manzana W, Jolley D, Andrews WH. Formyl peptide receptor chimeras define domains involved in ligand binding. J Biol Chem 1993; 268:2292-5. [PMID: 8428903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We have begun to study the structural requirements for the binding of formyl peptides to their specific receptors. As an initial approach, we constructed C5a-formyl peptide receptor chimeras. Unique (and identical) restriction sites were introduced within the transmembrane domains of these receptors that allowed for the exchange of specific areas. Four types of chimeric receptors were generated. 1) The C5a receptor was progressively substituted by the formyl peptide receptor. 2) The formyl peptide receptor was progressively substituted by the C5a receptor. 3) Specific domains of the C5a receptor were substituted by the corresponding domain of the formyl peptide receptor. 4) Specific domains of the formyl peptide receptor were replaced by the same corresponding domain of the C5a receptor. Wild type and chimeric receptors were transfected into COS 7 cells and their ability to bind formyl peptide determined, taking into account efficiency of transfection and expression of chimeric protein. Based on these results, a ligand binding model is presented in which the second, third, and fourth extracellular (and/or their transmembrane) domains together with the first transmembrane domain form a ligand binding pocket for formyl peptides. It is proposed that the amino-terminal domain plays a role by presumably providing a "lid" to the pocket. The carboxyl-terminal cytoplasmic tail appears to modulate ligand binding by regulating receptor affinity.
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Scully PJ, Holmes R, Jones GR. Optical fibre-based goniometer for sensing patient position and movement within a magnetic resonance scanner using chromatic modulation. J Med Eng Technol 1993; 17:1-8. [PMID: 8326506 DOI: 10.3109/03091909309009977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
An optical fibre-based goniometer is described. This instrument was designed to measure the angular position of patients' limbs within the core of a magnetic resonance body scanner, via a 40 m remote fibre-optic link. The sensor exploits the advantages of optical fibre-based sensing, which include immunity to electromagnetic interference, intrinsic safety and chemical immunity. The detection electronics and signal processing are based on the principles of chromatic modulation, an inexpensive, intensity-independent technique in which a change in the spectral power distribution is measured over a broad bandwidth, by photodetectors with differing spectral responses. The optical fibre goniometer has an angular range of 90 degrees, with an average resolution of 2'. The long-term accuracy is within +/- 1 degree, the specified accuracy for the physiological application.
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Keating MJ, Holmes R, Lerner S, Ho DH. L-asparaginase and PEG asparaginase--past, present, and future. Leuk Lymphoma 1993; 10 Suppl:153-7. [PMID: 8481665 DOI: 10.3109/10428199309149129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
L-asparaginase is an enzyme which hydrolyses asparagine. Since the 1960s it has been known that some leukemic cells are deficient in asparagine synthetase and therefore cannot manufacture sufficient quantities of this essential amino acid to maintain cell viability. L-asparaginase is predominantly useful in acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) although responses have been noted in patients with acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, and rarely other tumors. L-asparaginase has been used in conjunction with methotrexate and ara-C in combination programs in leukemia. The major side-effect limiting the usefulness of L-asparaginase is allergic reactions. In addition, it is probable that neutralizing antibodies develop which shorten the half life of the drug so that the goal of depletion of plasma levels of asparagine cannot be attained or maintained. Polyethylene glycol (M.W. 5000) can be conjugated to L-asparaginase at sites not involving the active site of the enzyme. This enables free access of a small molecule, asparagine, to the active site of the enzyme but prevents uptake by the reticuloendothelial system, greatly decreasing the probability of developing antibodies against the asparaginase and prolongs the circulating half life of the drug. In a phase I/II study conducted at the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 37 heavily pretreated patients with refractory hematologic malignancy were treated. The age range from 15 to 73 years, median 49 years. Nineteen patients had ALL, 15 lymphoma, two myeloma, and one Hodgkin's disease. The dose levels of PEG L-asparaginase varied from 250 IU/m2 up to 8000 IU/m2. The pharmacokinetic profile demonstrated a monophasic half life consistent with a one compartment model with a single elimination phase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Thaller SR, Hoyt J, Tesluk H, Holmes R. The effect of insulin growth factor-1 on calvarial sutures in a Sprague-Dawley rat. J Craniofac Surg 1993; 4:35-9. [PMID: 8467020 DOI: 10.1097/00001665-199301000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Early investigations attempting to determine the exact pathogenesis of premature closure of the cranial sutures were limited by the untoward sequelae caused by surgical procedures in animal models to simulate the development of craniosynostosis. In an attempt to create a model for evaluating the effects of manipulating the craniofacial sutures without the limitations of associated scarring, we conceived an animal prototype dependent on the effects of insulin growth factor-1 on the anterior frontal suture in a Sprague-Dawley rat model. The experimental group received 2 mg of IGF-1 over a 14-day period via a subcutaneously placed osmotic infusion pump, whereas the age-matched control group received no treatment. We present our preliminary histological results describing the effect of IGF-1 on calvarial sutures.
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Perez HD, Holmes R, Kelly E, McClary J, Chou Q, Andrews WH. Cloning of the gene coding for a human receptor for formyl peptides. Characterization of a promoter region and evidence for polymorphic expression. Biochemistry 1992; 31:11595-9. [PMID: 1445895 DOI: 10.1021/bi00161a044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Recently we reported that, in HL-60 cells, transcription of the formyl peptide receptor (FPR) gene can be up- and downregulated by agents that induce differentiation of HL-60 cells into neutrophils. To begin studying the mechanisms involved in regulation of FPR gene expression, we cloned two human cDNAs and the gene coding for FPR. The genomic clone (pINF14) contained a 14.5-kb insert. A 2.7-kb EcoRI fragment was obtained from pINF14 that hybridized with an FPR open reading frame probe. The EcoRI fragment was sequenced and found to contain an intronless FPR open reading frame. Sequence alignment of the EcoRI genomic fragment with the FPR cDNA revealed that the first 31 bases of 5' untranslated FPR cDNA were not represented in the genomic fragment. Furthermore, a splicing consensus sequence was present in the genomic fragment at the site of divergence with the cDNA sequence. Restriction mapping and Southern blot analysis identified a 121-bp fragment that contained the sequence corresponding to the first 31 bases of 5' untranslated FPR cDNA. An additional (previously undescribed) 15-bp cDNA sequence in the 5' end of FPR were identified using an anchored polymerase chain reaction. This sequence was also contained in the genomic 121-bp fragment. This 121-bp fragment was located 5.2 kb (intron) upstream of the FPR open reading frame. It contained an unusual TATA box and displayed transcriptional activity in vitro and in vivo. Potential binding sites for AP-1 and glucocorticoid receptor were identified upstream of the putative TATA box.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Rosenblum L, Buehler JW, Morgan MW, Costa S, Hidalgo J, Holmes R, Lieb L, Shields A, Whyte BM. The completeness of AIDS case reporting, 1988: a multisite collaborative surveillance project. Am J Public Health 1992; 82:1495-9. [PMID: 1443299 PMCID: PMC1694633 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.82.11.1495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate the completeness of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) case reporting. METHODS Statewide or hospital-specific 1988 medical records were linked with AIDS surveillance in six sites. Medical records were reviewed for persons who had diagnoses suggesting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or AIDS but were not reported to AIDS surveillance by September 1989. RESULTS Among 4500 hospitalized persons diagnosed with AIDS through 1988 in the six sites, completeness of reporting was 92% (95% CI = 89%, 96%; range across sites = 89% to 97%). Completeness of reporting was high in males (92%), females (95%), Whites (95%), Blacks (90%), Hispanics (92%), men reporting sexual contact with men (92%), persons reporting injecting-drug use (91%), and persons exposed to HIV through heterosexual contact (99%). In Medicaid enrollees (two states), completeness of reporting was 99% (95% CI = 95%, 99%) in inpatients and 90% (95% CI = 79%, 90%) in outpatients. Of previously reported persons with AIDS, 82% were reported within 5 months of diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Completeness of AIDS reporting was high, overall and in each major demographic and HIV exposure group. These results demonstrate that current surveillance data in these six sites provide timely and accurate information regarding persons with AIDS.
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Perez HD, Holmes R, Kelly E, McClary J, Andrews WH. Cloning of a cDNA encoding a receptor related to the formyl peptide receptor of human neutrophils. Gene X 1992; 118:303-4. [PMID: 1511907 DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(92)90208-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We cloned a cDNA (RFP) encoding a receptor (RFP) related (70% overall nucleotide homology) to the formyl peptide receptor of human neutrophils (hFPR). RFP is a seven-transmembrane-domain receptor and its distribution is limited to myeloid cells. Domain sequence comparison with hFPR reveals highly conserved regions and provides clues to putative domains involved in ligand binding and receptor desensitization.
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Mickens RE, Holmes R. Properties of the solutions to certain equations arising in the central core model of the renal medulla. Math Biosci 1992; 111:155-8. [PMID: 1515738 DOI: 10.1016/0025-5564(92)90083-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We discuss the mathematical properties of the solutions to two of the differential equations that arise in the central core model of the renal medulla. Explicit solutions are obtained for a particular functional form of the flux of solute.
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Nesheim S, Lee F, Sawyer M, Jones D, Lindsay M, Slade B, Shaffer N, Holmes R, Ashby R, Grimes V. Diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus infection by enzyme-linked immunospot assays in a prospectively followed cohort of infants of human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive women. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1992; 11:635-9. [PMID: 1523074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT), a method for quantifying specific and total antibody-secreting cells, was used for the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in a prospectively followed cohort of infants born to HIV-infected women. From July 1, 1987, to June 1, 1990, 127 infants with known HIV infection status were studied. Seventeen of 22 HIV-infected infants had specific HIV-specific antibody-secreting cells (ASC). Among the infected infants rates of ASC positivity increased during the first year of life, from 25% in the first 5 days of life to 78% after 6 months. Two of the five ASC-negative infected infants were further characterized as hypo- or dysgammaglobulinemic by an adjunct ELISPOT assay for total immunoglobulin-secreting cells. Excluding hypo- or dysgammaglobulinemic infants from the analysis, the rate of ASC positivity among infected infants was 85% (17 of 20) after the age of 6 months. None of the 95 uninfected infants had a positive ELISPOT assay, including 55 who were tested in the first 3 months of life. Thus in this series the specificity was 100%. ELISPOT methodology can be a useful technique for the diagnosis of HIV infection in infants of HIV-seropositive mothers.
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Spira TJ, Jones B, Ibegbu C, Lee F, Holmes R, Nahmias AJ. The relationship between CD5+ and CD5- B cells, immunoglobulin-secreting cells (IgSC), and CD4 T cells in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1992; 651:591-3. [PMID: 1376087 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb24672.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Perez HD, Kelly E, Holmes R. Regulation of formyl peptide receptor expression and its mRNA levels during differentiation of HL-60 cells. J Biol Chem 1992; 267:358-63. [PMID: 1309742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
When incubated with N6-2'-O-dibutyryladenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (dbcAMP), HL-60 cells expressed formyl peptide receptor (FPR) (as assessed by ligand binding) and FPR transcripts in a time- and concentration-dependent fashion. Experiments using dbcAMP analogs modified at either the C-6 or C-8 position indicated that the process was mediated by a protein kinase A type I, and protein kinase A type I activity was isolated from undifferentiated HL-60 cells by DEAE-Sephacel chromatography. Forskolin mimicked the effects of dbcAMP. Forskolin and dbcAMP-dependent expression of FPR and FPR transcript was inhibited by staurosporine. Retinoic acid (but not retinal or retinol) was capable of inhibiting dbcAMP-dependent expression of FPR mRNA half-life. Dexamethasone enhanced the effects of dbcAMP and blocked the inhibitory effect of retinoic acid on expression of FPR and FPR transcripts. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) alone (1.5-15 nM) failed to induce HL-60 to express FPR and FPR transcripts. Low concentrations (1.5 nM) of PMA enhanced the ability of dbcAMP to induce HL-60 cells to express FPR and FPR transcript, whereas high (15 nM) concentrations of PMA inhibited dbcAMP effects. These results indicate that expression of FPR and FPR transcripts by HL-60 cells can be up- and down-regulated by agents that induce HL-60 cells to differentiate and that a "cross-talk" effect exists between protein kinase A and protein kinase C that modulates FPR gene transcription (and receptor expression) by these cells.
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Downes J, Holmes R. Development of aldehyde dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase in mouse eye: evidence for light-induced changes. BIOLOGY OF THE NEONATE 1992; 61:118-23. [PMID: 1567930 DOI: 10.1159/000243539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We have studied the development of ocular aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activities in C57BL/6J inbred male mice. Eyes were removed from freshly killed mice, enucleated, extracted, and analyzed for enzyme activities for animals of various ages during neonatal development, up to the adult stage. Activity levels were compared between mice maintained from birth in either complete darkness or on a 12-hour light/dark cycle. Ocular ALDH activity increased dramatically (greater than 30-fold) during the first 3 weeks of life. Moreover, light-adapted animals showed significantly higher ALDH activities from day 8. Ocular ADH activity also increased during development (greater than 5-fold) although the profile showed a steady increase to reach adult levels. Light-adapted mice showed no significant differences in ADH activity up to the weaning stage, as compared with mice maintained in darkness. These observations support proposals from earlier studies for major functional roles for both corneal ALDH and ADH in protecting the eye against ultraviolet light-induced damage.
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Perez HD, Kelly E, Holmes R. Regulation of formyl peptide receptor expression and its mRNA levels during differentiation of HL-60 cells. J Biol Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)48502-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Newbury NR, Barton AS, Bogorad P, Cates GD, Gatzke M, Saam B, Han L, Holmes R, Souder PA, Xu J, Benton D. Laser polarized muonic helium. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1991; 67:3219-3222. [PMID: 10044677 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.67.3219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Holmes R, Myers R, Duzy C. A linearized theory of transient laser heating in fluids. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1991; 44:6862-6876. [PMID: 9905813 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.44.6862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Abreu P, Adam W, Adami F, Adye T, Akesson T, Alekseev GD, Allen P, Almehed S, Alted F, Alvsvaag SJ, Amaldi U, Anassontzis E, Antilougus P, Apel WD, Asman B, Astier P, Augustin JE, Augustinus A, Baillon P, Bambade P, Barao F, Barbiellini G, Bardin DY, Baroncelli A, Barring O, Bartl W, Bates MJ, Baubillier M, Becks KH, Beeston CJ, Begalli M, Beilliere P, Belokopytov I, Belous K, Beltran P, Benedic D, Benlloch JM, Berggren M, Bertrand D, Biagi S, Bianchi F, Bibby JH, Bilenky MS, Billoir P, Bjarne J, Bloch D, Bogolubov PN, Bolognese T, Bonapart M, Bonesini M, Booth PSL, Boratav M, Borgeaud P, Borner H, Bosio C, Botner O, Bonquet B, Bozzo M, Braibant S, Branchini P, Brand KD, Brenner RA, Bricman C, Brown RCA, Brummer N, Brunet JM, Bugge L, Buran T, Burmeister H, Buytaert JAMA, Caccia M, Calvi M, Camacho Rozas AJ, Campagne JE, Campion A, Camporesi T, Canale V, Cao F, Carroll L, Caso C, Castelli E, Castillo Gimenez MV, Cattai A, Cavallo FR, Cerrito L, Charpentier P, Checchia P, Chelkov GA, Chevalier L, Chliapnikov P, Chorowicz V, Cirio R, Clara MP, Contreras JL, Contri R, Cosme G, Couchot F, Crawley HB, Crennell D, Crosetti G, Crosland N, Crozon M, Cuevas Maestro J, Czellar S, Dagoret S, Dahl-Jensen E, Dalmagne B, Dam M, Damgaard G, Darbo G, Daubie E, Dauncey PD, Davenport M, David P, Angelis A, Beer M, Boeck H, Boer W, Clercq C, Fez Laso MDM, Groot N, Vaissiere C, Lotto B, Defoix C, Delikaris D, Delorme S, Delpierre P, Demaria N, Ciaccio L, Dijkstra H, Djama F, Dolbeau J, Doll O, Donszelmann M, Doroba K, Dracos M, Drees J, Dris M, Dulinski W, Dzhelyadin R, Eek LO, Eerola PAM, Ekelof T, Ekspong G, Engel JP, Falaleev V, Fassouliotis D, Fenyuk A, Alonso MF, Ferrer A, Filippas TA, Firestone A, Foeth H, Fokitis E, Folegati P, Fontanelli F, Forsbach H, Franek B, Fransson KE, Frenkiel P, Fries DC, Frodesen AG, Fruhwirth R, Fulda-Quenzer F, Furnival K, Furstenau H, Fuster J, Gago JM, Galeazzi G, Gamba D, Garcia J, Gasparini U, Gavillet P, Gazis EN, Gerber JP, Giacomelli P, Glitza KW, Gokieli R, Golovatyuk VM, Gomez Y Cadenas JJ, Goobar A, Gopal G, Gorski M, Gracco V, Grant A, Grard F, Graziani E, Gritsaenko IA, Gros MH, Grosdidier G, Grossetete B, Gumenyuk S, Guy J, Hahn F, Hahn M, Haider S, Hajduk Z, Hakansson A, Hallgren A, Hamacher K, Hamel De Monchenault G, Harris FJ, Heck BW, Herbst I, Hernandez JJ, Herquet P, Herr H, Higon E, Hilke HJ, Hodgson SD, Hofmokl T, Holmes R, Holmgren SO, Holthuizen D, Hooper JE, Houlden M, Hrubec J, Hulth PO, Hultqvist K, Husson D, Hyams BD, Ioannou P, Iversen PS, Jackson JN, Jalocha P, Jarlskog G, Jarry P, Jean-Marie B, Johansson EK, Johnson D, Jonker M, Jonsson L, Juillot P, Kalkanis G, Kalmus G, Kantardjian G, Kapusta F, Kapusta P, Katsanevas S, Katsoufis EC, Keranen R, Kesteman J, Khomenko BA, Khovanski NN, King B, Klein H, Klempt W, Klovning A, Kluit P, Koehne JH, Koene B, Kokkinias P, Kopf M, Koratzinos M, Korcyl K, Korytov AV, Korzen B, Kostrikov M, Kostukhin V, Kourkoumelis C, Kreuzberger T, Krolikowski J, Kruener-Marquis U, Krupinski W, Kucewicz W, Kurvinen K, Laakso MI, Lambropoulos C, Lamsa JW, Lanceri L, Lapchine V, Lapin V, Laugier JP, Lauhakangas R, Laurikainen P, Leder G, Ledroit F, Lemonne J, Lenzen G, Lepeltier V, Letessier-Selvon A, Lieb E, Lillethun E, Lindgren J, Lippi I, Llosa R, Loerstad B, Lokajicek M, Loken JG, Lopez Aguera MA, Lopez-Fernandez A, Los M, Loukas D, Lounis A, Lozano JJ, Lucock R, Lutz P, Lyons L, Maehlum G, Magnussen N, Maillard J, Maltezos A, Maltezos S, Mandl F, Marco J, Margoni M, Marin JC, Markou A, Mathis L, Matorras F, Matteuzzi C, Matthiae G, Mazzucato M, McCubbin M, McKay R, Mc Nulty R, Menichetti E, Meroni C, Meyer WT, Mitaroff WA, Mitselmakher GV, Mjoernmark U, Moa T, Moeller R, Moenig K, Monge MR, Morettini P, Mueller H, Muller H, Myatt G, Naraghi F, Nau-Korzen U, Navarria FL, Negri P, Nielsen BS, Nijjhar B, Nikolaenko V, Obraztsov V, Olshevski AG, Orava R, Ouraou A, Pain R, Palka H, Papadopoulou T, Pape L, Passeri A, Pegoraro M, Perevozchikov V, Pernicka M, Perrotta A, Pimenta M, Pingot O, Pinsent A, Pol ME, Polok G, Poropat P, Privitera P, Pullia A, Pyyhtia J, Rademakers AA, Radojicic D, Ragazzi S, Range WH, Ratoff PN, Read AL, Redaelli NG, Regler M, Reid D, Renton PB, Resvanis LK, Richard F, Richardson M, Ridky J, Rinaudo G, Roditi I, Romero A, Ronchese P, Ronjin V, Rosenberg EI, Rossi U, Rosso E, Roudeau P, Rovelli T, Ruckstuhl W, Ruhlmann V, Ruiz A, Saarikko H, Sacquin Y, Salt J, Sanchez E, Sanchez J, Sannino M, Schaeffer M, Schneider H, Scuri F, Segar AM, Sekulin R, Sessa M, Sette G, Seufert R, Shellard RC, Siegrist P, Simonetti S, Simonetto F, Sissakian AN, Skaali TB, Skjevling G, Smadja G, Smith GR, Sosnowski R, Spassoff TS, Spiriti E, Squarcia S, Staeck H, Stanescu C, Stavropoulos G, Stichelbaut F, Stocchi A, Strauss J, Strub R, Stubenrauch CJ, Szczekowski M, Szeptycka M, Szymanski P, Tavernier S, Tcherniaev E, Theodosiou G, Tilquin A, Timmermans J, Timofeev VG, Tkatchev LG, Todorov T, Toet DZ, Topphol AK, Tortora L, Trainor MT, Treille D, Trevisan U, Trischuk W, Tristram G, Troncon C, Tsirou A, Tsyganov EN, Turala M, Turchetta R, Turluer ML, Tuuva T, Tyapkin IA, Tyndel M, Tzamarias S, Udo F, Ueberschaer S, Uvarov VA, Valenti G, Vallazza E, Valls Ferrer JA, Apeldoorn GW, Dam P, Doninck WK, Eijndhoven N, Velde C, Varela J, Vaz P, Vegni G, Velasco J, Ventura L, Venus W, Verbeure F, Vertogradov LS, Vibert L, Vilanova D, Vishnevsky N, Vlasov EV, Vodopyanov AS, Vollmer M, Voulgaris G, Voutilainen M, Vrba V, Wahlen H, Walck C, Waldner F, Wayne M, Wehr A, Weilhammer P, Werner J, Wetherell AM, Wickens JH, Wikne J, Wilkinson GR, Williams WSC, Winter M, Wormald D, Wormser G, Woschnagg K, Yamdagni N, Yepes P, Zaitsev A, Zalewska A, Zalewski P, Zevgolatakos E, Zhang G, Zimin NI, Zitoun R, Zukanovich Funchal R, Zumerle G, Zuniga J. Search for low mass Higgs bosons produced inZ 0 decays. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01579557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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