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Kucharski A, Ma S, Rudra S, Lehman A, Perkins S, Golden D, Thomas M. Evaluation of a Multi-Modal Radiation Oncology Elective for First-Year Medical Students. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.2205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Tang Y, Wu K, Wang B, Xu X, Zhang M, Ma S, Xia B. The Timing of Best Tumor Response and Patterns of Disease Progression in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with EGFR TKI. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.2445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Lin Y, Li XQ, Kan BT, Luan XR, Zheng YY, Ma S, Zhang J, Jian XD. [Occupational acute mixed gas poisoning due to improper disposal of hazardous waste]. ZHONGHUA LAO DONG WEI SHENG ZHI YE BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LAODONG WEISHENG ZHIYEBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES 2019; 37:277-279. [PMID: 31177694 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate an occupational hazardous gas poisoning incident caused by gas leakage in the process of hazardous waste treatment. Methods: An investigation was conducted on a case of occupational acute hazardous gas poisoning caused by waste treatment gas leakage in Shandong province in December 2017. Meanwhile, the clinical data of 5 cases of poisoning patients were analyzed, and the accident related poison test report and other relevant data were analyzed. Results: The incident was caused by the toxic waste did not do labeling work, the workers' protection measures were not in place, the illegal operation and the blind rescue, resulting in a total of 5 people died on the spot, 12 people were hospitalized with poisoning. Among them, 5 patients admitted to our hospital showed varying degrees of damage to the nervous system and respiratory system. After active treatment, they all got better and were discharged. Conclusion: The poisoning is mainly caused by hydrogen sulfide dichloromethane hydrogen cyanide gas leakage serious production liability accident, clinical main performance for the nervous system circulatory system respiratory system and other system damage.
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Ma S, De Frenne P, Wasof S, Brunet J, Cousins SAO, Decocq G, Kolb A, Lemke I, Liira J, Naaf T, Orczewska A, Plue J, Wulf M, Verheyen K. Plant-soil feedbacks of forest understorey plants transplanted in nonlocal soils along a latitudinal gradient. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2019; 21:677-687. [PMID: 30659728 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is driving movements of many plants beyond, as well as within, their current distributional ranges. Even migrant plants moving within their current range may experience different plant-soil feedbacks (PSF) because of divergent nonlocal biotic soil conditions. Yet, our understanding to what extent soil biotic conditions can affect the performance of within-range migrant plants is still very limited. We assessed the emergence and growth of migrant forest herbs (Milium effusum and Stachys sylvatica) using soils and seeds collected along a 1,700 km latitudinal gradient across Europe. Soil biota were manipulated through four soil treatments, i.e. unsterilized control soil (PSFUS ), sterilized soil (PSFS ), sterilized soil inoculated with unsterilized home soil (PSFS+HI ) and sterilized soil inoculated with unsterilized foreign soil (PSFS+FI , expected to occur when both plants and soil biota track climate change). Compared to PSFS , PSFUS had negative effects on the growth but not emergence of both species, while PSFS+FI only affected S. sylvatica across all seed provenances. When considering seed origin, seedling emergence and growth responses to nonlocal soils depended on soil biotic conditions. Specifically, the home-away distance effect on seedling emergence differed between the four treatments, and significant responses to chemistry either disappeared (M. effusum) or changed (S. sylvatica) from PSFUS to PSFS . Soil biota emerge as an important driver of the estimated plant migration success. Our results of the effects of soil microorganisms on plant establishment provide relevant information for predictions of the distribution and dynamics of plant species in a changing climate.
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Zhu L, Wu Z, Ma S. Chemotherapeutic hyperthermic intraperitoneal perfusion following radical D2 resection in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz155.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Pei Q, Wu B, Tang Y, Yang X, Song L, Wang N, Li Y, Sun C, Ma S, Ni J. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation at Different Frequencies for Postherpetic Neuralgia: A Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled, Randomized Trial. Pain Physician 2019; 22:E303-E313. [PMID: 31337172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) at 5 Hz and 10 Hz is effective in improving pain, sleep quality, and anxiety among patients with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). But it has not been reported which frequency is more effective and which frequency is safer. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to observe the efficacy and safety of rTMS at different high frequencies (5 Hz, 10 Hz) for PHN. STUDY DESIGN The design of the study was a prospective randomized, controlled clinical trial. SETTING The research was conducted within a department of pain management at a university hospital in China. METHODS Sixty patients with PHN who were treated at the Department of Pain Management at Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University were recruited. Using a computer-created number list, the cases were equally divided into 3 groups (n = 20), namely, the sham rTMS group, 5-Hz rTMS group, and 10-Hz rTMS group. The sham rTMS group received sham stimulation, and the other 2 groups received high-frequency (5-Hz and 10-Hz) rTMS, respectively. The primary motor cortex (M1) on the healthy side was stimulated with an intensity of 80% transcranial magnetic stimulation (RMT). For the 5-Hz rTMS group, each stimulation session consisted of a series of 300 one-second pulses with a frequency of 5 Hz and an interval of 2.5 seconds between each train, giving a total of 1500 pulses per session. For the 10-Hz rTMS group, each stimulation session consisted of a series of 300 0.5-second pulses with a frequency of 10 Hz and an interval of 3 seconds between each train, giving a total of 1500 pulses per session; the total time of stimulations was 17.5 minutes. rTMS was performed once daily for 10 days. The 3 groups received conventional medication therapy. Baseline data (gender, age, course of disease, affected side) were recorded in the 3 groups. At different time points (before treatment, T0; during treatment, T1-T10; 1 month after treatment, T11; and 3 months after treatment, T12), the patients were evaluated on the following scales: Visual Analog Scale (VAS), short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), Quality of Life (QOL) scale, sleep quality (SQ) scale, Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC), and incidence of adverse events. RESULTS Compared with the sham rTMS group, there was a significant reduction in VAS scores in the 5-Hz rTMS group and 10-Hz rTMS group at T2-T12 (P < .05). VAS scores in the 10-Hz rTMS group at T7-T12 were significantly lower compared with the 5-Hz rTMS group (P < .05). The average VAS reduction was significantly different between the 5-Hz and 10-Hz rTMS groups; 28.3% (95% confidence interval [CI],19.48%-49.35%), compared to 39.89% (95% CI, 22.47%-58.64%), with (F = 5.289, P = .022). The 3 groups did not differ significantly in general SF-MPQ, QOL, SQ, SDS, and PGIC scores. However, the QQL, SQ, and PGIC scores of the 5-Hz rTMS group and the 10-HZ rTMS group at T12 were significantly higher than that of the sham rTMS group. LIMITATIONS The study's follow-up period was limited to 3 months. CONCLUSIONS rTMS at either frequency, 5 Hz or 10 Hz, relieved PHN and improved the patients' quality of life. rTMS at 10 Hz was superior to rTMS at 5 Hz in terms of pain relief, quality of life, and improvement in sleep quality, though the latter had higher safety. rTMS at either 5 Hz or 10 Hz can be used as an adjuvant therapy for PHN. KEY WORDS Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, postherpetic neuralgia, pain evaluation.
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Li XQ, Kan BT, Luan XR, Zheng YY, Ma S, Lin Y, Zhang J, Jian XD. [An incident of toadstool poisoning]. ZHONGHUA LAO DONG WEI SHENG ZHI YE BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LAODONG WEISHENG ZHIYEBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES 2019; 36:935-937. [PMID: 30812085 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate a poisonous mushroom poisoning incident and analyze its clinical data. Methods: Investigate a poisonous mushroom poisoning incident in a place in Shandong in July 2018, at the same time, the clinical data of 2 cases of mushroom poisoning were analyzed and summarized. Results: The incident was caused by a poisoning incident caused by residents eating poisonous mushrooms. The poisonous mushroom in this incident was identified as a scaled white goose cream. Two patients with poisoning developed gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea, and liver damage occurred later. After active rescue and treatment, one patient was discharged from hospital, and the other patient developed acute pulmonary embolism during the treatment. He was discharged after interventional thrombolysis and follow-up treatment. Conclusion: After investigation, the incident was caused by the ingestion of poisonous mushrooms mainly based on the scalloped white goose cream. After active treatment, they were cured and discharged.
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Wu S, Ma S, Yin X, Yi P, Liu J. An integrated PKD1-dependent signaling network amplifies IRE1 prosurvival signaling. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:11119-11130. [PMID: 31167779 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the accumulation of improperly folded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a condition known as ER stress in this compartment triggers an adaptive signaling pathway referred to as the unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR aims at restoring ER homeostasis; if the ER stress cannot be resolved, apoptosis is triggered. However, the mechanisms responsible for regulating the balance between cell life and death decisions that occur after exposure to ER stress remain unclear. Protein kinase D1 (PKD1) has been reported to initiate protective signaling against oxidative stress or ischemia, two conditions that impinge on the induction of ER stress. In addition, the high levels of expression of PKD1, observed in highly proliferative cancers and tumors with poor prognosis, contribute to enhanced resistance to chemotherapy. In this study, we show that the ER stress inducers tunicamycin and thapsigargin lead to the activation of PKD1 in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells and in hepatoma HepG2 cells through a PKCδ-dependent mechanism. Moreover, our data indicate that PKD1 is required for the stabilization of inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) and the subsequent regulation of its activity. PKD1 activation contributes to the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1, resulting in decreased IRE1-mediated c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation. This study unveils the existence of a novel PKD1-dependent prosurvival mechanism that is activated upon ER stress and selectively enhances IRE1 prosurvival signaling.
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Hu W, Ivan C, Sun Y, Ma S, Mangala L, Coleman R, Sood A. A new epha 2 inhibitor for targeted therapy in uterine cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.04.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Uppendahl L, Chang Z, Grad A, Lee W, Rivers Z, Munro S, Zhang Y, Baller J, Ma S, Shabaneh A, Woo J, Wang J, Jacobson P, Nelson A, Starr T, Mullany S, Winterhoff B. Development and implementation of a multidisciplinary precision medicine program in ovarian cancer: A new paradigm. Gynecol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.04.661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ma S, An F, Li LH, Lin YY, Wang J. Expression of Mucin 1 in salivary gland tumors and its correlation with clinicopathological factors. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2019; 33:563-569. [PMID: 30916513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to detect the expression of Mucin 1 (MUC1) in acinic cell carcinoma (AciCC) of salivary gland and to explore the relationship between MUC1 and clinicopathological factors of AciCC of salivary gland. Patients with salivary gland tumors who were treated at our hospital were enrolled in this study. The pathological sections collected from all subjects were classified by histological examinations. In addition, 40 cases of primary salivary gland AciCC tissues were selected and classified into experimental group, whereas 40 cases of normal salivary gland (NSG) tissues were selected and classified into control group. MUC1 positive cells in both experimental and control groups were detected by immunohistochemistry assays, while all clinical data were analyzed statistically. The results showed that MUC1 was only expressed in the ductal epithelium of NSG and distributed at the apical side of the cell membrane. In primary salivary gland AciCC tissues, scattered expressions of MUC1 were found both on the cell membrane and in the cytoplasm of tumor cells, and sometimes even in the cell nuclei, thus completely eliminating the polarized distribution of MUC1 expressions. The percentage of MUC1 positive cells in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.05). In addition, the expression of MUC1 in salivary gland AciCC was correlated with gender, age, histological type, lesion location, cervical lymph node metastasis, local recurrence, and distant metastasis. In conclusion, MUC1 is related to the occurrence and development of salivary gland AciCC. Therefore, MUC1 may be used as a novel tumor marker in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of salivary gland AciCC.
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Ma S, Lamparello N, Paik H, Nadolski G, Stavropoulos S, Tischfield D, Gade T, Shlansky-Goldberg R. 04:12 PM Abstract No. 314 “Single-step” method for pull-type gastrostomy tube placement. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.12.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Chen C, Lim JT, Chia NC, Wang L, Tysinger B, Zissimopolous J, Chong MZ, Wang Z, Koh GC, Yuan JM, Tan KB, Chia KS, Cook AR, Malhotra R, Chan A, Ma S, Ng TP, Koh WP, Goldman DP, Yoong J. The Long-Term Impact of Functional Disability on Hospitalization Spending in Singapore. JOURNAL OF THE ECONOMICS OF AGEING 2019; 14:100193. [PMID: 31857943 PMCID: PMC6922027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeoa.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Singapore is one of the fastest-aging populations due to increased life expectancy and lowered fertility. Lifestyle changes increase the burden of chronic diseases and disability. These have important implications for social protection systems. The goal of this paper is to model future functional disability and healthcare expenditures based on current trends. To project the health, disability and hospitalization spending of future elders, we adapted the Future Elderly Model (FEM) to Singapore. The FEM is a dynamic Markov microsimulation model developed in the US. Our main source of population data was the Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS) consisting of 63,000 respondents followed up over three waves from 1993 to 2010. The FEM model enables us to investigate the effects of disability compounded over the lifecycle and hospitalization spending, while adjusting for competing risk of multi-comorbidities. Results indicate that by 2050, 1 in 6 elders in Singapore will have at least one ADL disability and 1 in 3 elders will have at least one IADL disability, an increase from 1 in 12 elders and 1 in 5 elders respectively in 2014. The highest prevalence of functional disability will be in those aged 85 years and above. Lifetime hospitalization spending of elders aged 55 and above is US$24,400 (30.2%) higher among people with functional disability compared to those without disability. Policies that successfully tackle diabetes and promote healthy living may reduce or delay the onset of disability, leading to potential saving. In addition, further technological improvements may reduce the financial burden of disability.
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Luo W, Zhang D, Ma S, Wang C, Zhang Q, Wang H, He K, Liu Z. miR-27a is highly expressed in H1650 cancer stem cells and regulates proliferation, migration, and invasion. J Cancer Res Ther 2019; 14:S1004-S1011. [PMID: 30539837 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.199450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for tumor relapse after chemotherapy and radiotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of this study is to explore the profile and role of microRNA (miRNA) in CSC of NSCLC. Materials and Methods We studied the expression of stem cell marker in side population cells and serum-free cultured spheres of NSCLC. We identified that CD133+ CD34- cells are NSCLC stem cell. We isolated CD133+ CD34- cells and CD133- CD34+ cells with MicroBead Kit. We verified that H1650 CD133+ CD34- cells have CSC characteristics with doxorubicin, radiation, and xenograft. We studied miRNA expression profile in H1650 and HCC827 CD133+ CD34- cells with microarray analysis. We detected proliferation, migration, and invasion with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, scratch test, and Transwell chamber invasion assay, respectively. Results CD133 and CD34 are CSC markers in H1650. We demonstrated that H1650 CD133+ CD34- cells have CSC characteristics and found that miR-27a was highly expressed in H1650 CD133+ CD34- cells. In addition, we showed that miR-27a regulates proliferation, migration, and invasion in H1650 cell line and demonstrated that miR-27a expression was positively related to epidermal growth factor receptor in NSCLC cell lines. Conclusions CD133+ CD34- is a CSC marker in H1650. miR-27a is highly expressed in H1650 CSCs and regulates cancer development in H1650. miR-27a may be a potential target for NSCLC therapy.
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Viswanadhapalli S, Luo Y, Sareddy GR, Santhamma B, Zhou M, Li M, Pratap UP, Altwegg KA, Li X, Srinivasan U, Ma S, Chang A, Riveros AC, Zhang KY, Dileep KV, Pan X, Murali R, Bajda M, Raj G, Brenner A, Manthati V, Rao M, Tekmal RR, Nair HB, Nickisch KJ, Vadlamudi RK. Abstract P2-06-02: Development of a first-in-class small molecule inhibitor (EC359) targeting oncogenic LIF/LIFR signaling for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p2-06-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and its receptor LIFR are over-expressed in multiple solid tumors and play a key role in tumor growth, progression, and resistance to standard anti-cancer treatments. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks targeted therapies and represents a disproportional share of breast cancer (BCa) mortality. TNBC exhibits autocrine stimulation of the LIF/LIFR axis and overexpression of LIF is associated with poorer relapse-free survival in BCa patients. LIF signaling also promotes maintenance of stem cells. Therefore, targeting the LIF/LIFR axis may have therapeutic utility in TNBC.
Methods: We rationally designed a small organic molecule (EC359) that emulates the LIF/LIFR binding site and functions as a LIFR inhibitor from a library of compounds. In silico docking studies were used to identify the putative interaction of the EC359 and LIF/LIFR complex. Direct binding of EC359 to LIFR was confirmed using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and microscale thermophoresis technique (MST) assays. In vitro activity was tested using Cell-Titer Glo, MTT, invasion, and apoptosis assays. Mechanistic studies were conducted using Western blot, reporter gene assays, and RNA-seq analysis. Xenograft, patient-derived xenograft (PDX), and patient-derived explant (PDEX) models were used for preclinical evaluation and toxicity.
Results: Molecular docking studies showed that EC359 interacts at the LIF/LIFR binding interface. SPR and MST studies confirmed direct interaction of EC359 to LIFR. EC359 reduced the growth of TNBC cells with high potency (IC50 50-100nM) and promoted apoptosis. Further, EC359 treatment reduced invasion and stemness of TNBC cells. EC359 activity is dependent on the expression levels of LIFR and showed little or no activity on TNBC cells that have low levels of LIFR or ER+ve BCa cells. Further, EC359 significantly reduced the viability of cisplatin and taxane-resistant TNBC cells and enhanced the efficacy of HDAC inhibitors. Mechanistic and biochemical studies showed that EC359 interacts with LIFR and effectively blocking LIF/LIFR interactions. EC359 also blocked LIFR interactions with other LIFR ligands such as oncostatin M, ciliary neurotrophic factor, and cardiotrophin-1. EC359 treatment attenuated the activation of LIF/LIFR driven pathways including STAT3, mTOR, AKT, and MAPK. RNA-seq analysis identified regulation of apoptosis as one of the important pathway modulated by EC359. In TNBC xenograft and PDX assays, EC359 significantly reduced tumor progression. Further, using human primary BCa PDEX cultures, we demonstrated that EC359 has the potential to substantially reduce the proliferation of human BCa. Pharmacologically, EC359 exhibited high oral bioavailability and long half-life with a wide therapeutic window.
Conclusions: EC359 is a novel targeted therapeutic agent that inhibits LIF/LIFR oncogenic signaling in TNBC via a unique mechanism of action. EC359 has the distinct pharmacologic advantages of oral bioavailability, in vivo stability, and is associated with minimal systemic side effects. (DOD BCRP grant #BC170312)
Citation Format: Viswanadhapalli S, Luo Y, Sareddy GR, Santhamma B, Zhou M, Li M, Pratap UP, Altwegg KA, Li X, Srinivasan U, Ma S, Chang A, Riveros AC, Zhang KY, Dileep KV, Pan X, Murali R, Bajda M, Raj G, Brenner A, Manthati V, Rao M, Tekmal RR, Nair HB, Nickisch KJ, Vadlamudi RK. Development of a first-in-class small molecule inhibitor (EC359) targeting oncogenic LIF/LIFR signaling for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-06-02.
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Viswanadhapalli S, Ma S, Lee TK, Sareddy GR, Liu X, Ekoue D, Alluri A, Luo Y, Kassees K, Arteaga C, Alluri P, Weintraub SE, Tekmal RR, Ahn JM, Raj GV, Vadlamudi RK. Abstract P5-04-23: Enhancing the activity of a novel estrogen receptor coregulator binding modulator (ERX-11) against ER-positive therapy resistant breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p5-04-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background:We had previously reported a novel small molecule, ERX-11, that directly interacts with ER and blocks the interaction between a subset of coregulators with both native and mutant forms of ER. ERX-11 effectively blocks ER oncogenic signaling and has potent anti-proliferative activity against therapy-sensitive and therapy-resistant human breast cancer cells. To enhance the clinical translation of ERX-11, we sought to pursue both lead optimization and evaluate combinations of ERX-11 with other approved agents in breast cancer.
Methods: We designed, synthesized and tested 500 derivatives of ERX-11 in multiple models of ER+ breast cancer. We also tested combinations of ERX-11 with multiple agents, including other ER targeting agents, chemotherapies and CDK4/6 inhibitors. We tested the effect of combination therapy using breast cancer cells with acquired resistance (Tamoxifen, Letrozole, Ribociclib resistant) and engineered models that express ER mutations. In vitro activity was tested using Cell titer glo, MTT, and apoptosis assays. Mechanistic studies were conducted using Western blot, reporter gene assays and RNA-seq analysis. Xenograft, patient derived xenograft (PDX), patient derived explant (PDE) and xenograft derived explant (XDE) models were used for preclinical evaluation and toxicity.
Result: Evaluation of 500 analogs of ERX-11 identified a number of leads with differential activity against ER+ and ER- breast cancer cells, identified several analogs including ERX-144, 208, 296, 315 with nanomolar potency against ER+ and therapy-resistant ER+ breast cancers. Validation of the mechanism of action of these analogs is ongoing. The combination of ERX-11 and palbociclib significantly blocked ER-mediated and ER-coregulators mediated oncogenic signaling and showed potent anti-proliferative activity against both endocrine therapy-sensitive and resistant breast cancer cells. In addition, ERX-11 inhibited ribociclib-resistant ER+ cell proliferation in a dose dependent manner. Mechanistic studies using IP-Mass spectrometry demonstrated that ERX-11 and palbociclib blocks the interaction between larger subset of coregulators with ER in therapy resistant breast cancer models. ERX-11 and palbociclib both exhibited potent anti-proliferative activity against therapy-sensitive and therapy-resistant ER+ve breast cancer cells, in xenograft models and in PDEs. Importantly, combination therapy of ERX-11 and palbociclib synergistically reduced the growth of tamoxifen and letrozole resistant xenograft tumors compared to either drug alone. Mass spec based DIA analyses and RNA-seq studies revealed that combinational treatment uniquely activated p53, unfolded response mediated apoptotic pathways, altered DNA damage response and suppressed E2F and Myc target genes. Biochemical studies confirmed combination therapy significantly altered E2F1, ER and DNA damage response pathways.
Conclusion: We have successfully pursued two avenues to improving ERX-11 for clinical translation. We have developed ERX-11 analogs with higher potency against ER+ breast cancer. We have shown that combinational treatment with ERX-11 and palbociclib may overcome endocrine therapy resistance and CDK4/6 inhibitor (ribociclib) resistance.
Citation Format: Viswanadhapalli S, Ma S, Lee T-K, Sareddy GR, Liu X, Ekoue D, Alluri A, Luo Y, Kassees K, Arteaga C, Alluri P, Weintraub SE, Tekmal RR, Ahn J-M, Raj GV, Vadlamudi RK. Enhancing the activity of a novel estrogen receptor coregulator binding modulator (ERX-11) against ER-positive therapy resistant breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-04-23.
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Liu X, Viswanadhapalli S, Ma S, Lee TK, Sareddy GR, Ekoue DN, Blatt EM, Zhou M, Li M, Tekmal RR, Ahn JM, Vadlamudi RK, Raj GV. Abstract P4-07-01: A small molecule inhibitor (ERX-41) induces endoplasmic reticulum stress in triple negative breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p4-07-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer and represents a disproportional share of the breast cancer mortality, primarily due to a lack of targeted therapies. There is a major unmet need for rationally designed novel therapies that can extend survival of patients with TNBC. TNBCs are characterized by a high basal level of endoplasmic reticulum stress, due to high protein turnover and need for proliferation. Recent studies revealed the role of several members of the Nuclear Receptor (NR) superfamily as molecular drivers in TNBC, including the androgen receptor (AR), glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and the orphan NR tailless (TLX).
Methods: Recently, using peptidomimetics, we have developed small molecules that specifically target and block interactions of multiple coregulators with oncogenic NRs. We performed a screen of our 500+ compound peptidomimetic library derived from our ERX-11 oligobenzamide (that was rationally designed to target ERα) for anti-proliferative activity in TNBC cell lines. Identified leads were then validated in multiple TNBC cell lines. In vitro activity was tested using Cell titer glo, MTT, matrigel invasion, and apoptosis assays. Mechanistic studies were conducted using Western blot, reporter gene assays, CRISPR/Cas9 KO and RNA-seq analysis. Xenograft, patient derived xenograft (PDX), patient derived explant (PDE) and xenograft derived explant (XDE) TNBC models were used for preclinical evaluation and toxicity.
Results: We have identified a first-in-class drug (ERX-41) that has potent activity (IC50 = 50-250nM) against all six molecular subtypes of TNBC. Systematic evaluation using CRISPR/Cas9 KO screen and overexpression screen comprising 48 NRs identified TLX as a preferred target of ERX-41. Analyses of primary breast tumors revealed TLX was highly expressed in TNBC. Further, TLX was amplified in nearly 50% of TNBC xenografts (cbioportal.org). Modelling, mechanistic and biochemical studies showed that ERX-41 interact with TLX and selectively blocks its interactions with coregulators. Gene expression analyses revealed both significant reduction of TLX-activated genes (CCND1, WNT7A) and significant activation of TLX-repressed genes (p21) upon treatment with ERX-41 in TNBC models. Gene ontogeny pathway analyses of RNA-seq data in TNBC cells showed that ERX-41 treatment positively correlated with apoptosis. Our ultrastructural studies indicated that ERX-41 enhances endoplasmic reticulum stress in TNBC inducing autophagic flux and subsequent apoptosis. ERX-41 has significant potency against multiple TNBC xenografts and PDXs in vivo, PDEs and XDEs ex vivo, indicating its potential for clinical translation. Pharmacologically, ERX-41 exhibited high oral bioavailability and associated with minimal toxicity upon oral gavage for up to 120 days in animal studies.
Conclusions: We believe that the ability of ERX-41 to block NR signaling and target a critical molecular vulnerability in TNBC and its ability to enhance endoplasmic reticulum stress in TNBC, will revolutionize the therapeutic landscape of TNBC. ERX-41 is oral bioavailable, potent against multiple TNBC molecular subtypes, and is associated with minimal systemic side effects. (supported by NIH grant RO1 CA223828-01)
Citation Format: Liu X, Viswanadhapalli S, Ma S, Lee T-K, Sareddy GR, Ekoue DN, Blatt EM, Zhou M, Li M, Tekmal RR, Ahn J-m, Vadlamudi RK, Raj GV. A small molecule inhibitor (ERX-41) induces endoplasmic reticulum stress in triple negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-07-01.
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Ma C, Jiang Y, Li Y, Zhang Y, Wang X, Ma S, Wang Y. Healthcare underutilization in middle-aged and elderly adults in China. Public Health 2018; 166:65-68. [PMID: 30465932 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This article investigates the prevalence of, illness conditions associated with, and reasons for healthcare underutilization among middle-aged and elderly adults in China. It also identifies participants' characteristics associated with healthcare underutilization. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Beijing and Henan in August 2016. METHODS The survey was questionnaire-based. It focused on middle-aged and elderly persons aged 45 years and older. A total of 1778 people were surveyed. RESULTS In the end, 243 participants (30.11%) and 312 participants (32.13%) displayed signs of healthcare underutilization in Beijing and Henan, respectively. The disease conditions and reasons for underutilization were different in these two areas. Age group, marital status, education level, occupation, and chronic disease were found to be associated with healthcare underutilization in Beijing, whereas gender, age group, marital status, education level, and chronic disease were associated with healthcare underutilization in Henan. CONCLUSIONS Illness conditions, reasons for underutilization, and risk factors associated with healthcare underutilization were different in developed areas compared with developing areas of China. Further reforms and interventions are needed to consider these problems.
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Xiang C, Zhao R, Ma S, Guo L, Han Y. Application of next generation sequencing in pleural effusion molecular profiling using Oncomine™ lung cell-free total nucleic acid research assay. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy446.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tang M, Yu C, Hu P, Wang C, Sheng J, Ma S. Risk factors for bleeding after dental extractions in patients over 60 years of age who are taking antiplatelet drugs. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 56:854-858. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Malhotra R, Chei C, Allen J, Chan A, Tan K, Ma S, Wong C, Matchar D. FRAILTY ASSESSMENT MEASURE FOR THE ELDERLY (FAME): A FRAILTY MEASURE DEVELOPED IN AN ASIAN POPULATION. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.2657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Kommoss S, Heitz F, Winterhoff BJN, Wang C, Sehouli J, Aliferis C, Kimmig R, Wang J, Ma S, de Gregorio N, Mahner S, du Bois A, Tourani R, Park-Simon TW, Baumann K, Taran FA, Kommoss F, Schroeder W, Dowdy SC, Pfisterer J. Significant Overall Survival Improvement In Proliferative Subtype Ovarian Cancer Patients Receiving Bevacizumab. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1675442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Kommoss S, Heitz F, Winterhoff B, Wang C, Canzler U, Aliferis C, Belau A, Wang J, Hanker L, Kommoss F, du Bois A, Ma S, Sehouli J, Kimmig R, Tourani R, Kurzeder C, Mahner S, Park-Simon TW, Dowdy SC, Pfisterer J. Significant overall survival improvement in proliferative subtype ovarian cancer patients receiving bevacizumab. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1671332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Ma S, Rao L, Freedberg IM, Blumenberg M. Transcriptional control of K5, K6, K14, and K17 keratin genes by AP-1 and NF-kappaB family members. Gene Expr 2018; 6:361-70. [PMID: 9495317 PMCID: PMC6148254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The expression of keratins K5 and K14 is restricted to the basal layers of the healthy epidermis, whereas the expression of K6 and K17 is induced in response to proliferative and inflammatory signals, respectively. The control of keratin expression occurs primarily at the transcriptional level. We studied the effects of transcription factors of the AP-1 and NF-kappaB families on the expression of those four keratin genes. We chose AP-1 and NF-kappaB proteins because they are activated by many extracellular signals, including those in hyperproliferative and inflammatory processes. DNA constructs expressing the transcription factors were, in various combinations, cotransfected with constructs containing keratin gene promoters and the CAT reporter gene into HeLa cells or keratinocytes. We found that the K5 and K14 promoters, which are coexpressed in vivo, are regulated in parallel by the cotransfected genes. Both were activated by the c-Fos and c-Jun components of AP-1, but not by Fra1. On the other hand, the NF-kappaB proteins, especially p65, suppressed these two promoters. The K17 promoter was specifically activated by c-Jun, whereas the other transcription factors tested had no significant effect. In contrast, the K6 promoter was very strongly activated by all AP-1 proteins, especially by the c-Fos + c-Jun and Fra1 + c-Jun combinations. It was also strongly activated by the p65 NF-kappaB protein. AP-1 and NF-kappaB acted synergistically in activating the K6 promoter, although the AP-1 and the NF-kappaB responsive sites could be separated physically. These results suggest that the interplay of AP-1 and NF-kappaB proteins regulates epidermal gene expression and that the activation of these transcription factors by extracellular signaling molecules brings about the differential expression of keratin genes in epidermal differentiation, cutaneous diseases, and wound healing.
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Zhao S, Arnold M, Ma S, Abel RL, Cobb JP, Hansen U, Boughton O. Standardizing compression testing for measuring the stiffness of human bone. Bone Joint Res 2018; 7:524-538. [PMID: 30258572 PMCID: PMC6138811 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.78.bjr-2018-0025.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The ability to determine human bone stiffness is of clinical relevance in many fields, including bone quality assessment and orthopaedic prosthesis design. Stiffness can be measured using compression testing, an experimental technique commonly used to test bone specimens in vitro. This systematic review aims to determine how best to perform compression testing of human bone. Methods A keyword search of all English language articles up until December 2017 of compression testing of bone was undertaken in Medline, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus databases. Studies using bulk tissue, animal tissue, whole bone, or testing techniques other than compression testing were excluded. Results A total of 4712 abstracts were retrieved, with 177 papers included in the analysis; 20 studies directly analyzed the compression testing technique to improve the accuracy of testing. Several influencing factors should be considered when testing bone samples in compression. These include the method of data analysis, specimen storage, specimen preparation, testing configuration, and loading protocol. Conclusion Compression testing is a widely used technique for measuring the stiffness of bone but there is a great deal of inter-study variation in experimental techniques across the literature. Based on best evidence from the literature, suggestions for bone compression testing are made in this review, although further studies are needed to establish standardized bone testing techniques in order to increase the comparability and reliability of bone stiffness studies. Cite this article: S. Zhao, M. Arnold, S. Ma, R. L. Abel, J. P. Cobb, U. Hansen, O. Boughton. Standardizing compression testing for measuring the stiffness of human bone. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:524–538. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.78.BJR-2018-0025.R1.
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