Permeability and enterotoxic factors of nonagglutinable vibrios Vibrio alcaligenes and Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Enterotoxic factor (EF) was present and could be developed in nonagglutinable vibrios, but not the permeability factor (PF). Presence of PF without EF in Vibrio parahaemolyticus is significant. Both EF and PF were absent in V. alcaligenes.

Transfer of the excitation energy in Anacystis nidulans grown to obtain different pigment ratios

The blue-green alga, Anacystis nidulans, was grown in lights of different colors and intensities, and its absorption and fluorescence properties were studied. Strong orange light, absorbed mainly by phycocyanin, causes reduction in the ratio of phycocyanin to chlorophyll a; strong red light, absorbed mainly by chlorophyll, causes an increase in this ratio. This confirms the earlier findings of Brody and Emerson (12) on Porphyridum, and of Jones and Myers (8) on Anacystis. Anacystis cultures grown in light of low intensity show, upon excitation of phycocyanin, emission peaks at 600 mmu and 680 mmu, due to the fluorescence of phycocyanin and chlorophyll a, respectively. Changes in the efficiency of energy transfer from phycocyanin to chlorophyll a are revealed by changes in the ratios of these two bands. A decrease in efficiency of energy transfer from phycocyanin to chlorophyll a seems to occur whenever the ratio of chlorophyll a to phycocyanin deviates from the normal. Algae grown in light of high intensity show, upon excitation of phycocyanin, only a fluorescence band at 660 mmu and no band at 680 mmu. This suggests reduced efficiency of energy transfer from phycocyanin to the strongly fluorescent form of chlorophyll a (chlorophyll a(2)) and perhaps increased transfer to the weakly fluorescent form of chlorophyll a (chlorophyll a(1)).

Carcinogenesis in naturally tumour-resistant mice. X-irradiation versus urethane as a carcinogenic agent

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