51
|
Knowledge, practice and attitude associated with SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant among adults in Jordan. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278243. [PMID: 36477269 PMCID: PMC9728918 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 infection is a global pandemic health emergency. This contagious disease was caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‑2 (SARS‑CoV-2) which is mutating over time. In 2021, the Delta variant became the most dominant transmissible form. During the crisis, human practice and knowledge were critical in the overall efforts to encompass the outbreak. A cross-sectional, web-based approach was conducted among adults in Jordan to quantify knowledge, attitude, and practices towards SARS-CoV-2 (Delta variant). This research was carried out between 15th April and 15th of May 2021. The study questionnaire consisted of four sections including the participant's demographics, knowledge, practices and attitude. Comparative evaluation of responses was accomplished using a scoring system. Respondents who scored above the mean score (60%) on the item measured were categorized as knowledgeable, having a positive attitude, and good practices. Participants were allocated to one of the three groups; medical, non-medical and others (unemployed and housewives). Data collected was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 software. A variance test to assess the statistical difference between groups was used. Pearson's chi-squared test was applied to compare the variables and identify significant predictors. Of the participants, 308 (66%) were in the age group of 18-25yrs, 392 (84.1%) females, 120 (25.8%) employed and 346 (74.2%) unemployed. The principle source of knowledge was social media (291, 62.4%). Interestingly, participants had adequate overall knowledge. The mean knowledge score was 22.6 (± 0.19), 20.6 (± 0.19), and 21.3 (± 0.18) for the medical, the non-medical and the others group, respectively. Also, participants showed a positive attitude and good practices towards SARS-CoV-2 (Delta variant). The mean practice score for medical, the non-medical and the others groups was 7.35 (± 0.25), 7.38 (± 0.24), 7.35 (± 0.24) and the mean attitude score was 10.8 (± 0.16), 9.4 (± 0.21), 9.5 (± 0.22), respectively. The studied groups generally had good knowledge, positive attitudes and good practices about SARS-CoV-2 (Delta variant). This was expected due to the authorities' successful management of the pandemic and the high educational level of the Jordanian society, bearing in mind the economic and social impact of COVID-19 disease.
Collapse
|
52
|
Mcloughlin C, Abdalla A, O'Callaghan AK, Casey S, Barrett E. The Impact of COVID-19 on Burnout, Psychological Well-being, and Work Satisfaction in Psychiatry Trainees in Ireland. ACADEMIC PSYCHIATRY : THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF DIRECTORS OF PSYCHIATRIC RESIDENCY TRAINING AND THE ASSOCIATION FOR ACADEMIC PSYCHIATRY 2022; 46:701-709. [PMID: 35441349 PMCID: PMC9018053 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-022-01633-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prior to the pandemic, trainee doctors were at higher risk of psychological ill health. There is limited evidence measuring the impact of COVID-19 on psychiatry trainees. This study evaluates levels of burnout, work satisfaction, and psychological well-being in psychiatry junior doctors in Ireland and identifies potential contributing factors. METHODS The authors carried out a cross-sectional online survey measuring demographic and work-related variables. Questions including exposure to COVID-19 and stress-related factors were included. We evaluated burnout, work satisfaction, and psychological well-being using the Abbreviated-Maslach Burnout Inventory, Basic Needs Satisfaction at Work Scale, and WHO-5 Well-being Index. RESULTS One hundred and five doctors responded (21%). The biggest stressor reported was reduced face-to-face contact with family and friends (73%). Forty one percent reported weekly supervision changes. Sixty five percent met the criteria for burnout, compared with 36.2% in 2018. Significant factors associated with burnout included staff shortages, longer hours, and less experience. Changes in supervision and working in non-European Working Time Directive compliant rotas were associated with lower scores across all subdomains of the BNSW Scale. The WHO-5 Well-being Index identified 48% scored low in personal well-being, indicating these trainees met the threshold for depression. Changes in regular supervision (p=0.010) were a significant predictor of low personal well-being. CONCLUSIONS High prevalence of burnout and low levels of well-being in this vulnerable cohort, particularly those who are inexperienced, have changes in supervision, and working longer hours is concerning. This study highlights the importance of regular supervision and support for this group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sarah Casey
- Daughters of Charity Disability Services, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Elizabeth Barrett
- University College Dublin/Children's University Hospital, Dublin 1, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Youssef D, Youssef J, Abou-Abbas L, Kawtharani M, Hassan H. Prevalence and correlates of burnout among physicians in a developing country facing multi-layered crises: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12615. [PMID: 35871153 PMCID: PMC9308770 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16095-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractBurnout among physicians is a serious concern that cultivates its seeds during their education. This study assessed the prevalence of burnout among Lebanese physicians and explored its correlates and the combined effects of the pandemic and the economic crisis on burnout. A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted in December 2020 using a snowball sampling technique. Moderate and high levels of burnout hit 90.7% of the physicians where personal, work-related, and client-related burnout were detected among 80.4%, 75.63%, and 69.6% of them respectively. A strong association was found between the higher level of burnout and female gender, younger age, being single, having a dependent child, living with an elderly or a family member with comorbidities, and insufficient sleeping hours. Physicians’ specialties, working in a public health facility, limited years of professional experience, lack of previous experience in a pandemic, and extensive working hours were also associated with increased burnout. Furthermore, low income, working in the frontline, higher threat perception, and fear of COVID-19 were contributing to higher burnout. The combined effect of threat perception and financial hardship significantly increased burnout levels. The alarming burnout level detected among physicians urges health authorities to take prompt actions to enhance the physicians’ well-being.
Collapse
|
54
|
Mahlknecht A, Barbieri V, Engl A, Piccoliori G, Wiedermann CJ. Challenges and experiences of general practitioners during the course of the Covid-19 pandemic: a northern Italian observational study-cross-sectional analysis and comparison of a two-time survey in primary care. Fam Pract 2022; 39:1009-1016. [PMID: 35395089 PMCID: PMC9051582 DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND General practitioners (GPs) have been among the frontline workers since the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. Reflecting and analyzing the ongoing pandemic response of general practice provides essential information and serves as a precondition for outlining future health policy strategies. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of the pandemic on GPs' daily work and well-being and to describe needs for improvement in primary care highlighted by the pandemic. METHODS A 2-time cross-sectional online survey involving GPs in a northern Italian region was conducted in September 2020 and March/April 2021. RESULTS Eighty-four GPs (29.6% of invited GPs) participated in the first survey, and 41 GPs (14.4%) in the second survey. Most GPs experienced a notable workload increase which was tendentially higher during the advanced stages of the pandemic. A notable increase between the first and the second survey was noted regarding the frequency of Covid-related patient contacts and phone calls. Communication with health authorities and hospitals was rated as improvable. Psychological distress among GPs tended to increase over time; female GPs were more affected in the first survey. Most practices introduced major changes in their workflow, mainly appointment-based visits and separating Covid-19-suspected patients. Availability of protective equipment considerably increased over time. In the second survey, the GPs felt more prepared to self-protection and outpatient treatment of Covid-affected patients. CONCLUSION The work of GPs has been substantially impacted by the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic. Efforts should be undertaken to efficiently strengthen primary care which plays an important role in pandemic events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Mahlknecht
- Institute of General Practice and Public Health, College of Health Care Professions, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Verena Barbieri
- Institute of General Practice and Public Health, College of Health Care Professions, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Adolf Engl
- Institute of General Practice and Public Health, College of Health Care Professions, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Giuliano Piccoliori
- Institute of General Practice and Public Health, College of Health Care Professions, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Christian J Wiedermann
- Institute of General Practice and Public Health, College of Health Care Professions, Bolzano, Italy.,Department of Public Health, Medical Decision Making and HTA, University of Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall, Tyrol, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Barili E, Bertoli P, Grembi V, Rattini V. Job satisfaction among healthcare workers in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275334. [PMID: 36288334 PMCID: PMC9603954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a unique survey of more than 7,000 respondents conducted immediately after the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy, we investigate potential drivers of the job satisfaction of healthcare workers. Relying on a representative sample of Italian physicians and nurses, we show that, in addition to personal characteristics (e.g., age, gender, health status), contextual factors (i.e., working conditions) play the leading role in explaining variation in the level of satisfaction (58%). In particular, working in a high-quality facility increases worker satisfaction and willingness to remain in the profession, and in the current medical specialization, while working in a province with a perceived shortage of medical personnel yields the opposite result. Direct experience with COVID-19 (e.g., having tested positive) is not significantly correlated with the level of job satisfaction, which is instead significantly reduced by changes in the working conditions caused by the health emergency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Barili
- Department of Economics, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Paola Bertoli
- Department of Economics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Veronica Grembi
- Department of Social Sciences and Economics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Veronica Rattini
- Department of Economics, Management and Quantitative Methods, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Chowdhury SR, Kabir H, Chowdhury MR, Hossain A. Workplace Bullying and Violence on Burnout Among Bangladeshi Registered Nurses: A Survey Following a Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1604769. [PMID: 36325186 PMCID: PMC9618602 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate burnout among Bangladeshi nurses and the factors that influence it, particularly the association of workplace bullying (WPB) and workplace violence (WPV) with burnout. Methods: This cross-sectional study collected data from 1,264 Bangladeshi nurses. Mixed-effects Poisson regression models were fitted to find the adjusted association between WPB, WPV, and burnout. Results: Burnout was found to be prevalent in 54.19% of 1,264 nurses. 61.79% of nurses reported that they had been bullied, and 16.3% of nurses reported experience of “intermediate and high” levels of workplace violence in the previous year. Nurses who were exposed to “high risk bullying” (RR = 2.29, CI: 1.53–3.41) and “targeted bullying” (RR = 4.86, CI: 3.32–7.11) had a higher risk of burnout than those who were not. Similarly, WPV exposed groups at “intermediate and high” levels had a higher risk of burnout (RR = 3.65, CI: 2.40–5.56) than WPV non-exposed groups. Conclusion: Nurses’ burnout could be decreased if issues like violence and bullying were addressed in the workplace. Hospital administrators, policymakers, and the government must all promote and implement an acceptable working environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saifur Rahman Chowdhury
- Department of Public Health, School of Health and Life Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- *Correspondence: Saifur Rahman Chowdhury,
| | - Humayun Kabir
- Department of Public Health, School of Health and Life Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mahmudur Rahman Chowdhury
- Begum Rabeya Khatun Chowdhury Nursing College, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Ahmed Hossain
- Health Services Administration, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- NSU Global Health Institute (NGHI), North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Wang Q, Liu X, Wang T, Zhu Z, Yang L, Guo S, Li H, Sun Q. Primary care provider's job satisfaction and organizational commitment after COVID-19 restrictions ended: A mixed-method study using a mediation model. Front Psychol 2022; 13:873770. [PMID: 36312180 PMCID: PMC9606785 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.873770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives More and more countries have decided to cancel most or even all COVD-19 restrictions. However, it is unclear how ending of restrictions will affect primary care providers' job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Our objectives are to explore the current status and possible change in primary care providers' job satisfaction and organizational commitment after massive restriction policies ended in China. Methods This was a mixed-method study that utilized structured questionnaires and semi-structured qualitative individual interviews. The 20-item Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) and 25-item organizational commitment survey were adopted to assess job satisfaction and organization commitment. Descriptive statistics and mediation models, as well as inductive thematic analysis, were used to analyze quantitative and qualitative data. Results A total of 18 interviews and 435 valid survey responses were included in our analysis. The average scores for job satisfaction and organizational commitment were 80.6 and 90.8. The thematic analysis revealed one major theme: ethical and moral responsibility to provide care as primary care providers, on which we established a mediation model. The mediation analysis revealed that normative commitment could positively affect the other four dimensions of organizational commitment and job satisfaction. The direct effect of affective commitment on job satisfaction was significant (LLCI = 0.11, ULCI = 0.31), and the mediators were identified to have a partial mediating effect instead of a total mediating effect. Conclusion After COVID-19 restrictions end, the job satisfaction and organizational commitment of primary care providers will return to levels before the pandemic and during this estimated process, a brief rise in resignation is predictable. The normative commitment positively affects the other four dimensions of organizational commitment and job satisfaction for primary care providers, which suggests a possible way to motivate primary care providers when restrictions end.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Wang
- Center for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (IHPME), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zemeng Zhu
- School of Basic Medicine Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shasha Guo
- Center for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Center for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang Sun
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Scales SE, Patrick E, Stone KW, Kintziger KW, Jagger MA, Horney JA. Lessons Learned From the Public Health Workforce's Experiences With the COVID-19 Response. Health Secur 2022; 20:387-393. [PMID: 36201262 DOI: 10.1089/hs.2022.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited research is available on the COVID-19 response experiences of local, state, and federal public health workers in the United States. Although the response to COVID-19 is still presenting challenges to the public health workforce, public health systems must also begin to consider lessons learned that can be applied to future disasters. During July and August 2021, a random sample of participants from a cross-sectional study of the public health workforce was invited to participate in interviews to obtain information on the current state of public health operations, the ongoing response to the COVID-19 crisis, and takeaways for improving future preparedness and response planning. Interviews were transcribed and inductively coded to identify themes. Twenty-four initial interview invitations were sent, and random substitutions were made until thematic saturation was reached when 17 interviews were completed. Four thematic categories were identified, including challenges related to (1) ongoing lack of political support or policy guidance; (2) fluctuations in, and uncertainty about, future funding and associated requirements; (3) job expectations, including remote work and data-sharing capabilities; and (4) the mental health toll of sustained response and related burnout. As the public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic continues in its third year, it is crucial to identify lessons learned that can inform future investment in order to sustain a public health workforce and a public health preparedness and response system that is resilient to future disasters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Scales
- Sarah E. Scales, MPH, is a Doctoral Student, Epidemiology Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Elizabeth Patrick
- Elizabeth Patrick is an Undergraduate Research Assistant, Behavioral Health and Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Kahler W Stone
- Kahler W. Stone, DrPH, MPH, is an Assistant Professor, Department of Health and Human Performance, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN
| | - Kristina W Kintziger
- Kristina W. Kintziger, PhD, MPH, is an Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN
| | | | - Jennifer A Horney
- Jennifer A. Horney, PhD, MPH, is a Professor, Epidemiology Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Heidari S, Parizad N, Goli R, Mam-Qaderi M, Hassanpour A. Job satisfaction and its relationship with burnout among nurses working in COVID-19 wards: A descriptive correlational study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 82:104591. [PMID: 36117530 PMCID: PMC9472708 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Heidari
- Department of Nursing, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Naser Parizad
- Patient Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Rasoul Goli
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Corresponding author.
| | - Mohsen Mam-Qaderi
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Urmia Branch, Urmia, Iran
| | - Amireh Hassanpour
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Makowicz D, Lisowicz K, Bryniarski K, Dziubaszewska R, Makowicz N, Dobrowolska B. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on job satisfaction among professionally active nurses in five European countries. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1006049. [PMID: 36249191 PMCID: PMC9554252 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1006049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the work of many medical professionals, including the group of nurses. This study aimed at assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on job satisfaction of nursing staff in five European countries. The study was conducted using the Job Satisfaction Scale (SSP) and original questions on the job satisfaction. The cross-sectional online study was conducted with a sample of 1,012 professionally active nurses working in Poland, Germany, Italy, Great Britain and Sweden, who assessed their job satisfaction before (retrospectively) and during the pandemic. The results showed a significant decrease in job satisfaction due to the need to perform it during the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In 8 out of 10 examined parameters of job satisfaction, a statistically significant decrease in job satisfaction was observed at the level of p < 0.05. Among the examined factors influencing job satisfaction, the highest decrease was recorded based on the assessment of working conditions (1,480). A high level of satisfaction with the work of nurses has a significant impact on providing better patient care as well as reducing the risk of professional burnout of nurses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Makowicz
- Department of Nursing, Carpathian State College, Krosno, Poland,*Correspondence: Dawid Makowicz
| | | | | | | | | | - Beata Dobrowolska
- Department of Holistic Care and Management in Nursing, Medical University, Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Cunningham R, Westover J, Harvey J. Drivers of job satisfaction among healthcare professionals: a quantitative review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/20479700.2022.2126671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jaron Harvey
- Organizational Leadership, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Chowdhury SR, Kabir H, Mazumder S, Akter N, Chowdhury MR, Hossain A. Workplace violence, bullying, burnout, job satisfaction and their correlation with depression among Bangladeshi nurses: A cross-sectional survey during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274965. [PMID: 36137141 PMCID: PMC9499253 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Depression is one of the most serious yet understudied issues among Bangladeshi nurses, bringing health dangers to this workforce. This study aimed to investigate how workplace violence (WPV), bullying, burnout, and job satisfaction are correlated with depression and identify the factors associated with depression among Bangladeshi nurses. Methods For this cross-sectional study, data were collected between February 26, 2021, and July 10, 2021 from the Bangladeshi registered nurses. The Workplace Violence Scale (WPVS), the Short Negative Acts Questionnaire [S-NAQ], the Burnout Measure-Short version (BMS), the Short Index of Job Satisfaction (SIJS-5), and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used to measure WPV, bullying, burnout, job satisfaction, and depression, respectively. Inferential statistics include Pearson’s correlation test, t-test, one-way ANOVA test, multiple linear regression, and multiple hierarchal regression analyses were performed. Results The study investigated 1,264 nurses (70.02% female) with an average age of 28.41 years (SD = 5.54). Depression was positively correlated with WPV, bullying, and burnout and negatively correlated with job satisfaction (p <0.001). According to the multiple linear regression model, depression was significantly lower among nurses with diploma degrees (β = -1.323, 95% CI = -2.149 to -0.497) and bachelor’s degrees (β = -1.327, 95% CI = -2.131 to– 0.523) compared to the nurses with master’s degree. The nurses who worked extended hours (>48 hours) had a significantly higher depression score (β = 1.490, 95% CI = 0.511 to 2.470) than those who worked ≤ 36 hours. Depression was found to be significantly higher among those who did not receive a timely salary (β = 2.136, 95% CI = 1.138 to 3.134), rewards for good works (β = 1.862, 95% CI = 1.117 to 2.607), and who had no training on WPV (β = 0.895, 95% CI = 0.092 to 1.698). Conclusions Controlling burnout, bullying, and workplace violence, as well as improving the work environment for nurses and increasing job satisfaction, are the essential indicators of reducing depression. This can be accomplished with integrative support from hospital executives, policymakers, and government officials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saifur Rahman Chowdhury
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail: (HK); (SRC)
| | - Humayun Kabir
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail: (HK); (SRC)
| | - Sinthia Mazumder
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nahida Akter
- Penn State Ross and Carol Nese College of Nursing, Penn State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Mahmudur Rahman Chowdhury
- Begum Rabeya Khatun Chowdhury Nursing College, Sylhet, Bangladesh
- School of Medical Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Ahmed Hossain
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Health Services Administration, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Bredella MA, Rubio DM, Attia J, Kelly TH, McIntosh S, Meagher EA, Pusek S, Rubio M, Tsevat J, Umans JG. The Virtual CTSA Visiting Scholar Program to Support Early-Stage Clinical and Translational Researchers: Implementation and Outcomes. ACADEMIC MEDICINE : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES 2022; 97:1311-1316. [PMID: 35263302 PMCID: PMC10732303 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000004645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In addition to restrictions on conducting research, COVID-19-related travel bans and scientific meeting cancellations have negatively affected scholars in the Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) Mentored Career Development Award (KL2) program. In response, a national virtual visiting scholar program was developed to provide opportunity for KL2 scholars to be virtual visiting professors at another CTSA hub, meet faculty and scholars, and expand networks and build collaborations. This article describes the design and short-term outcomes of the virtual CTSA Visiting Scholar Program. In 2020, a working group designed core program elements and developed an application and selection process. Anonymized surveys were sent to scholars post visit and to scholars and program directors 6 months post visit to evaluate their experience and solicit suggestions for improvements. Between November 2020 and May 2021, 56 KL2 scholars and 27 hubs participated. Forty-five (80.4%) participating scholars responded to the initial survey. Nearly all scholars (44, 97.7%) agreed their experience was valuable. All respondents indicated they would recommend the program to other KL2 scholars. For the 6-month survey, the response rate was 87.5% (49/56). Within 6 months of their visit, 36 (73.5%) respondents had contacted at least one person at the host hub and for 17 (34.7%) respondents, new collaborations with the host hub ensued. Twenty-five of 27 (92.6%) host hubs responded to the survey. Most (21, 84.0%) agreed that hearing visiting scholar talks was valuable to their own scholars and 23 (92%) indicated likelihood of their hub participating in future round of the program. The virtual Visiting Scholar Program provided KL2 scholars an opportunity to virtually visit another CTSA hub, present their research, and meet with faculty and other scholars to expand their networks. Although geared to KL2 scholars, this model is potentially generalizable to other nationally coordinated career development programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam A Bredella
- M.A. Bredella is professor of radiology, vice chair, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and director, KL2/Catalyst Medical Research Investigator Training Program, Harvard Catalyst, The Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Doris M Rubio
- D.M. Rubio is professor of medicine, biostatistics, bioinformatics, and clinical and translational science, assistant vice chancellor for clinical research education and training, Health Sciences, director, Institute for Clinical Research Education, and director, KL2, Team Science, and Workforce Development, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jacqueline Attia
- J. Attia is health project coordinator, Center for Leading Innovation and Collaboration, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Thomas H Kelly
- T.H. Kelly is Robert Straus Professor and chair, Department of Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, associate dean for research and PhD faculty affairs, College of Nursing, and director, KL2 and Workforce Development, Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Scott McIntosh
- S. McIntosh is associate professor and survey team faculty lead, Center for Leading Innovation and Collaboration, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Emma A Meagher
- E.A. Meagher is professor of medicine and pharmacology, director, Translational Research Education, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, and vice dean, Clinical Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Susan Pusek
- S. Pusek is director, Education Programs, North Carolina TraCS Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Mercedes Rubio
- M. Rubio is program director, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joel Tsevat
- J. Tsevat is professor of medicine, Joaquin G. Cigarroa, Jr., MD, Distinguished Chair, director, ReACH Center, director, KL2 Program, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, and professor of population health, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, and Institute for the Integration of Medicine and Science, Center for Research to Advance Community Health, Department of Medicine, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Jason G Umans
- J.G. Umans is KL2 program director, Georgetown-Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Science, associate professor of medicine and of obstetrics and gynecology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, scientific director, Biomarker, Biochemistry and Biorepository Core, and scientific director, Field Studies Division, MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Feliciano P, Mootz JJ, Suleman A, Su AY, Khan S, Gouveia L, Santos P, Wainberg ML, Sweetland AC. The impact of COVID-19 on self-reported burnout and health and mental health services in Nampula, Mozambique. Front Public Health 2022; 10:951270. [PMID: 36062081 PMCID: PMC9428787 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.951270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on self-reported burnout of health workers, quality of care, and perceptions of COVID-19-related stigma in Mozambique. Method We conducted a cross-sectional quantitative assessment of 170 frontline health workers in Nampula District, Mozambique, including 149 (87.6%) primary care providers and 21 (12.4%) mental health specialists. Results Of the 170 frontline workers, only 10.1% of frontline workers were experiencing more professional burnout, whereas 33.3% felt it had lessened. The perceived impact on quality of care also varied, without any significant differences by sex, education level, or mental health training background. Compared to the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, 42.3 and 38.1% providers felt that their ability to provide mental health and general health care, respectively, had worsened, compared to 57.7 and 61.9% who believed that either there was no change, or that the work had become easier. Likewise, 26.8% of providers felt that their ability to meet patients' needs had gotten more difficult, whereas 43.4% reported no change and 29.8% reported that it was easier. Twenty-two percent of providers reported an overall increase in caseloads since before the pandemic whereas the majority (67.9%) reported a decrease. Providers believed that 57.1% of people in general were afraid of people with COVID-19, 27.5% were afraid of a person recovered from COVID-19, and 39.9% were afraid of a person with family members with COVID-19. The perceived stigma about healthcare professionals was also low; only 27.4% believed that people in general were afraid of healthcare providers who deliver care to people with COVID-19. Conclusion In contrast with other global studies, many healthcare workers in our sample reported a reduction in burnout, which may be associated with the lower overall caseloads seen during this period. Similarly, the quality of care was minimally impacted. More research is needed to determine whether the experience in Mozambique is unique, or similarly observed in other low-resource settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulino Feliciano
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Psychiatric Hospital of Nampula, Nampula, Mozambique
| | - Jennifer J. Mootz
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Antonio Suleman
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Psychiatric Hospital of Nampula, Nampula, Mozambique
| | - Austin Y. Su
- Columbia Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States
| | - Saida Khan
- Department of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Lidia Gouveia
- Department of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Palmira Santos
- Department of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Milton L. Wainberg
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Annika C. Sweetland
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Teymoori E, Zareiyan A, Babajani-Vafsi S, Laripour R. Viewpoint of operating room nurses about factors associated with the occupational burnout: A qualitative study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:947189. [PMID: 36033007 PMCID: PMC9403988 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.947189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Occupational burnout is a mental health problem that among nurses may lead not only to physical and psychological complications, but also to a decrease in the quality of patient care. Considering the stressful nature of surgery, operating room nurses may be at a greater risk. Therefore, the present study aimed to identifying factors associated with the occupational burnout from the perspective of operating room nurses. Materials and methods This qualitative study was conducted in Iran in 2021 using conventional content analysis. Sampling was performed using purposeful sampling method with maximum variation. In order to collect data, individual, semi-structured interviews were performed with 18 operating room nurses. Interviews continued until data saturation. Data were recorded, transcribed and analyzed using steps proposed by Graneheim and Lundman. Data management was performed using MAXQDA-2020 software. Four criteria provided by Guba and Lincoln were used to improve the study’s trustworthiness and rigor. Results A main theme, 4 categories and 15 subcategories were extracted from the data. The main theme is “gradual burnout due to job tension” and categories and subcategories include organizational factors (manager incompetence, organizational indifference, ambiguity in organizational role, organizational inconsistency), interpersonal factors (surgeon aggression, surgeon authoritarianism, surgeon failure to manage stress, unprofessional behavior of nurses), Occupational nature factors (psychological factors and occupational hazards) as well as individual factors (occupational attitude, unprofessional behavior, emotional involvement, demographic factors, physical factors). Conclusion Numerous factors associated with burnout in operating room nurses, which may put the personnel under more pressure. According to these factors, nursing managers and operating room nurses can consider effective strategies to prevent or coping with burnout.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeil Teymoori
- Department of Surgical Technology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Zareiyan
- Public Health Department, Health in Disaster and Emergencies Department, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Armin Zareiyan,
| | - Saeed Babajani-Vafsi
- Department of Surgical Technology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Saeed Babajani-Vafsi,
| | - Reza Laripour
- Social and Preventive Medicine Department, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Brolan CE, Körver S, Phillips G, Sharma D, Herron LM, O'Reilly G, Mitchell R, Kendino M, Poloniati P, Kafoa B, Cox M. Lessons from the frontline: The COVID-19 pandemic emergency care experience from a human resource perspective in the Pacific region. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2022; 25:100514. [PMID: 35815241 PMCID: PMC9253868 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Background This study explores emergency care (EC) and other frontline healthcare worker (HCW) experiences responding to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Pacific region. The crisis has reinforced the crucial role well-trained, resourced, and supported EC providers play in supporting vital health systems and services in all global regions not only during 'business as usual' periods, but in times of tremendous stress and surge. Methods Qualitative data were collected from EC providers and relevant stakeholders in three research phases in 2020 and 2021. Data on the World Health Organization's (WHO) Human Resources Building Block, adapted for the Pacific EC context, was thematically analysed. Key findings were further analysed to identify enablers and barriers to effective EC pandemic management. Findings 116 participants from across the Pacific region participated in this study. Five themes emerged: (1) EC providers performed multiple pandemic roles; (2) Importance of authorities' valuing frontline HCWs; (3) HCW mental health and exhaustion; (4) HCW tension managing stigma, personal/professional expectations, and chronic health needs; and (5) Building health and human resource capacity. Interpretation This study significantly contributes to the limited scientific literature on HCW experiences responding to COVID-19 across the Pacific. Recommendations arising out of this research align with consensus priorities and standards that were identified pre-pandemic by health stakeholders across the Pacific for enhancing EC system development. With limited HCWs available for many Pacific nations, it is imperative the dignity and welfare of local HCWs is genuinely prioritised. Funding Epidemic Ethics/WHO, Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office/Wellcome Grant 214711/Z/18/Z. Co-funding: Australasian College for Emergency Medicine Foundation, International Development Fund Grant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire E. Brolan
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Centre for Policy Futures, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sarah Körver
- Australasian College for Emergency Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Georgina Phillips
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Emergency Department, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Emergency Department, Colonial War Memorial Hospital, Suva, Fiji
| | - Lisa-Maree Herron
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gerard O'Reilly
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Global Programs, Emergency & Trauma Centre, Alfred Health, Australia
| | - Rob Mitchell
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Emergency & Trauma Centre, Alfred Health, Australia
| | | | | | - Berlin Kafoa
- Public Health Division, Secretariat of the Pacific Community, Suva, Fiji
| | - Megan Cox
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia
- The Sutherland Hospital, NSW, Australia
- NSW Ambulance, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Li K, Chen H, Tan Z, Yin X, Gong Y, Jiang N, Yang F. Job satisfaction and its related factors among emergency department physicians in China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:925686. [PMID: 35937259 PMCID: PMC9354402 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.925686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundJob satisfaction is recognized as an important factor affecting the performance and quality of medical services of emergency department physicians. However, little is known about the status of job satisfaction among emergency department physicians in China. This study aimed to explore the current level of job satisfaction and its associated factors among emergency department physicians in China.MethodsA nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted in China from July to August 2018. A total of 10,457 emergency department physicians completed the questionnaire. The structured online questionnaire collected information on socio-demographic characteristics, work-related factors, work-family conflict, and job satisfaction. Student's t-test or ANOVA were used to compare the job satisfaction scores in different characters. The generalized linear model was used to investigate the related factors of job satisfaction among emergency department physicians.ResultsThe respondents' job satisfaction average score was 12.2 ± 3.6, of which 42.01% were satisfied of which the job. The results showed that emergency department physicians over 41 years old, with a higher income and working in central and western regions were positively associated with job satisfaction. In contrast, bachelor degree and above, fixed posts, long years of service, a high frequency of night shift, perceived shortage of physicians, perceived medical errors, and higher work-family conflict scores were negatively correlated with job satisfaction among emergency department physicians.ConclusionJob satisfaction of emergency department physicians in China is low. It is suggested that hospital administrators could improve the job satisfaction of emergency department physicians by establishing an acceptable shift system, ensuring adequate emergency department staffing, increasing their income appropriately and alleviating work-family conflict.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongmei Chen
- School of Nursing, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Tan
- Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoxv Yin
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanhong Gong
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Nan Jiang
| | - Fengjie Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Fengjie Yang
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Singh A, Bansal R, Gupta CK. Job Burnout Assessment Among Officer Grade Bank Employees of Meerut District. INDIAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: India is in a transitioning state and so is it’s banking sector with wide socioeconomic differences and rapidly growing economy. In order to ensure smooth implementation of these policies, bank employees in banks are required to put in extra labor and hours of work and the fact that policies keep on changing time to time are a constant stressors in bank employees which may lead to burnout. Methods and Material: This was cross sectional study carried out among of Officer grade bank employees of urban block Meerut district situated in Uttar Pradesh. A total of 216 samples were collected through self-designed and semi structured questionnaire which included socio demographic profile and Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire (SMBQ) for assessing burnout. The simple random sampling technique was applied through computer random tables method for selection of banks and data was analyzed through SPSS19 and Microsoft excel .Results: 19.4% bank officers have pathological burnout and 55.1% of bank officers who are at brink of developing burnout. Conclusions: The Physical fatigue factor was found to be the least responsible for burnout in our study and the prevalence of burnout was found significantly more among married bank officers, living with nuclear type of family.
Collapse
|
69
|
Moskvicheva L, Russkikh S, Makarova E, Tarasenko EA, Vasiliev MD, Timurzieva AB. Satisfaction of outpatient oncologists with their work. Eur J Transl Myol 2022; 32. [PMID: 35698823 PMCID: PMC9295165 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2022.10637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Job satisfaction is a fundamental ingredient in the life quality of a modern person; for a health care worker, it determines to a large extent the quality and accessibility of health care services they provide. Our aim is identification of key reasons for low job satisfaction among outpatient oncologists at cancer care centres (CCC) and identification of the best ways to address them. 110 oncologists working in outpatient CCC in Moscow, Moscow region and Ivanovo region participated in this research. Respondents' job satisfaction was assessed using V.A. Rozanova's Job Satisfaction Assessment Questionnaire. Virtually a quarter (23.6%) of oncologists were dissatisfied with their work; male respondents and surgical employees reported significantly higher levels of dissatisfaction. Wage levels and equity, working hours, teamwork and coordination in carrying out collective tasks and managerial style were the main areas of dissatisfaction. Measures to improve the work process included enhancing the resource outfit, fair consideration of each employee's achievements when distributing incentives, clear allocation of responsibility for collective project tasks, creating opportunities for paid part-time work and arranging regular meals at the expense of the health care organisation. Raising managers' awareness of the results can contribute to improvements in oncologists' performance, work process satisfaction, productivity and performance, quality of care and access to it, as well as public satisfaction and confidence in the health-care system as a whole.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liudmila Moskvicheva
- Ultrasound Diagnostic Department, P. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow.
| | - Sergey Russkikh
- N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Moscow Russia;(3) Department of Theory and Practice of Public Administration, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow.
| | - Ekaterina Makarova
- N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Moscow Russia; Research Laboratory "Health Technology Assessment and Clinical and Economic Expertise" A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow.
| | - Elena A Tarasenko
- Department of Health Management and Economics, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
70
|
Kamali M, Azizi M, Moosazadeh M, Mehravaran H, Ghasemian R, Reskati MH, Elyasi F. Occupational burnout in Iranian health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:365. [PMID: 35643438 PMCID: PMC9143709 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Health care workers (HCWs), mostly frontliners, are encountering numerous physical and psychosocial stressors, and even managing some conflicts over the course of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this respect, the present study was to investigate the prevalence rate of occupational burnout (OB) in such workers during this pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted between April 6 and May 30, 2020, via an online survey in 31 provinces of Iran, on HCWs selected based on convenience sampling method. For data collection, a socio-demographic information form and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was utilized. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and multivariate regression analysis were also applied to test the research hypotheses. RESULTS In total, 7626 HCWs participated in the present study. Accordingly, 73.2 and 26.8% of the workers were female and male, respectively. As well, 57.8% of the respondents were nurses and 14.4% of the cases were clinicians. Moreover, 44.8% of the participants had thus far worked in isolation wards and 40.3% of these individuals reported working for 4-8 hours with COVID-19 patients. The prevalence rate of OB was 18.3%. Besides, 34.2, 48.7, and 56.1% of the respondents had severe levels of emotional exhaustion (EE), higher depersonalization (DP), and decreased sense of personal accomplishment (PA), respectively. Besides, the HCWs at the age range of 20 to 30, having female gender, no children, and a bachelor's degree, and working in isolation wards showed the higher levels of OB with reference to the Chi-square test results (p < 0.001). Accordingly, the statistical test outcomes demonstrated that a history of physical illnesses (p = 0.001) and psychiatric disorders (p = 0.044) could be the best predictor of OB throughout the first peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSION Regarding the high prevalence rate of OB among the HCWs and the remaining COVID-19 journey in Iran, health care managers are recommended to orient the required management and coping strategies toward improving mental health in these individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Kamali
- grid.411623.30000 0001 2227 0923Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Marzieh Azizi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran university of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411623.30000 0001 2227 0923Sexual and Reproductive Health Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahmood Moosazadeh
- grid.411623.30000 0001 2227 0923Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hossein Mehravaran
- grid.411623.30000 0001 2227 0923Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Roya Ghasemian
- grid.411623.30000 0001 2227 0923Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Maryam Hasannezhad Reskati
- grid.411623.30000 0001 2227 0923Educational Psychology, Research Ethics Committee, Imam khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Forouzan Elyasi
- Sexual and Reproductive Health Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. .,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. .,Psychosomatic Ward, Imam Khomeini General Hospital, Razi Ave, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Symptoms of Burnout Syndrome among Physicians during the Outbreak of COVID-19 Pandemic—A Systematic Literature Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10060979. [PMID: 35742031 PMCID: PMC9223230 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10060979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Studies in the recent decades show that the medical profession has a high risk to develop burnout due to constant exposure to mental and physical suffering or death. The pandemic period induced additional stress for healthcare professionals due to the likelihood of a high rate of infection, long working shifts, using protective equipment, staying away from family, implementing new medical procedures. The present study is focusing on assessing the prevalence of burnout among physicians working in the healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic, and discovering the main factors associated with burnout syndrome among the population of physicians. Material and methods: A systematic review was conducted by searching PubMed, Wiley, and Google Scholar in November 2021. A total of 35 studies were eligible for the evaluation. Results: The samples ranged from 39 to 3071 physicians, and the overall burnout ranged from 14.7% to 90.4%. Sociodemographic characteristics associated with a high prevalence of burnout were the female gender, less experienced, not having children, and single marital status, associated with high levels of anxiety, depression, and stress in the female gender. The highest level of burnout among all the studies was 90.4% on a sample of physicians from the Republic of Korea, 80.2% among psychiatrists in Saudi Arabia, followed by a study in Ireland with a 77% level of burnout among senior and specialist physicians, and 74.7% prevalence of burnout for emergency physicians in USA. Conclusions: During the pandemic, the factors that contribute to burnout are the lack of personal protective equipment and the violence of issues related to organizational health; the high prevalence of burnout symptoms is associated with anxiety, depression, and stress.
Collapse
|
72
|
Hajebi A, Abbasinejad M, Zafar M, Hajebi A, Taremian F. Mental Health, Burnout, and Job Stressors Among Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:891430. [PMID: 35633777 PMCID: PMC9133377 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.891430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has caused increasing levels of mental health problems such as anxiety and depression among doctors, nurses and other healthcare workers in hospitals or health centers. The main objective of this study was to assess the mental health, job stressors, and burnout among healthcare workers in Iran. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in the primary healthcare centers and hospitals affiliated with six of the medical universities in Iran. The selection of participants was done using multi-center convenient sampling. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and Copenhagen Burnout Inventory were used for gathering data through an online platform. Data related to job stressors were obtained using a validated checklist. Data analysis was performed using Chi-square and multiple regression tests and the phi coefficient. Results The results of our study showed that 53% of the healthcare workers of the hospitals and primary healthcare centers enrolled in our study either had generalized anxiety disorder or major depressive disorder or both disorders. Moderate and high levels of burnout were seen among 48.9% of the study participants. The prevalence of mental disorders and burnout were significantly higher among the female healthcare workers compared to the male (p = 0.0001) and a higher rate of mental disorder and burnout was also seen among healthcare workers of hospitals compared to those working in primary healthcare centers (p = 0.024). "Worry about children and old members of family," "family worries for my health condition" and "lack of specific effective treatment for COVID-19" were found to be predictive of mental disorder and burnout. The most prevalent job stressor among the total sample was "low payment or income during the COVID-19 period". Conclusion The results of our study revealed high psychological distress and burnout among healthcare workers of the hospitals during the fourth peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. This study highlights the need for health officials to pay attention to the job stressors of healthcare workers and obliges them to perform effective interventions to address their needs and concerns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Hajebi
- Psychiatric Department, Research Center for Addiction and Risky Behaviors, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Abbasinejad
- Department for Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Zafar
- University Counselling Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirali Hajebi
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Taremian
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Amer F, Hammoud S, Khatatbeh H, Lohner S, Boncz I, Endrei D. A systematic review: the dimensions to evaluate health care performance and an implication during the pandemic. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:621. [PMID: 35534850 PMCID: PMC9081670 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-07863-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The balanced scorecard (BSC) has been implemented to evaluate the performance of health care organizations (HCOs). BSC proved to be effective in improving financial performance and patient satisfaction. AIM This systematic review aims to identify all the perspectives, dimensions, and KPIs that are vital and most frequently used by health care managers in BSC implementations. METHODS This systematic review adheres to PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases and Google search engine were inspected to find all implementations of BSC at HCO. The risk of bias was assessed using the nonrandomized intervention studies (ROBINS-I) tool to evaluate the quality of observational and quasi-experimental studies and the Cochrane (RoB 2) tool for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). RESULTS There were 33 eligible studies, of which we identified 36 BSC implementations. The categorization and regrouping of the 797 KPIs resulted in 45 subdimensions. The reassembly of these subdimensions resulted in 13 major dimensions: financial, efficiency and effectiveness, availability and quality of supplies and services, managerial tasks, health care workers' (HCWs) scientific development error-free and safety, time, HCW-centeredness, patient-centeredness, technology, and information systems, community care and reputation, HCO building, and communication. On the other hand, this review detected that BSC design modification to include external and managerial perspectives was necessary for many BSC implementations. CONCLUSION This review solves the KPI categorization dilemma. It also guides researchers and health care managers in choosing dimensions for future BSC implementations and performance evaluations in general. Consequently, dimension uniformity will improve the data sharing and comparability among studies. Additionally, despite the pandemic negatively influencing many dimensions, the researchers observed a lack of comprehensive HCO performance evaluations. In the same vein, although some resulting dimensions were assessed separately during the pandemic, other dimensions still lack investigation. Last, BSC dimensions may play an essential role in tackling the COVID-19 pandemic. However, further research is required to investigate the BSC implementation effect in mitigating the pandemic consequences on HCO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faten Amer
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Health Insurance, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Sahar Hammoud
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Haitham Khatatbeh
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Szimonetta Lohner
- Clinical Center of the University of Pécs, Medical School, Cochrane Hungary, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Imre Boncz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Health Insurance, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dóra Endrei
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Health Insurance, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Padmanabhanunni A, Pretorius TB, Kagee A. The Health-Sustaining, Moderating, and Mediating Roles of Sense of Coherence in the Relationship between Fear of COVID-19 and Burnout among South African Teachers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095160. [PMID: 35564555 PMCID: PMC9100965 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The current study focuses on the interrelationship between fear of COVID-19, sense of coherence, and burnout. Participants (n = 355) were school teachers from across all provinces in South Africa who completed the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the Sense of Coherence Scale, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. It was hypothesized that the dimensions of sense of coherence would be directly associated with burnout and would also mediate or moderate the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and burnout. The results of the path and moderation analyses conducted confirmed this hypothesis. In particular, the health-sustaining role of sense of coherence was demonstrated through the significant direct associations between comprehensibility and manageability on one hand and emotional exhaustion, as well as depersonalization, on the other hand. In addition, meaningfulness had significant direct associations with emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Meaningfulness mediated the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and all burnout subscales, while comprehensibility and manageability only mediated the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and both emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. However, comprehensibility and manageability played a moderating role in the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and personal accomplishment. These findings confirm the crucial role of protective factors, such as sense of coherence, and highlights the need for interventions that could strengthen these resources within teachers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Padmanabhanunni
- Department of Psychology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7530, South Africa;
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Ashraf Kagee
- Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa;
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Obeidat NA, Dodin YI, Hawari FI, Albtoosh AS, Manasrah RM, Mansour AH. Mitigating psychological distress in healthcare workers as COVID-19 waves ensue: a repeated cross-sectional study from Jordan. HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH 2022; 20:32. [PMID: 35410266 PMCID: PMC8995692 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-022-00728-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jordan has experienced several COVID-19 waves in the past 2 years. Cross-sectional studies have been conducted to evaluate distress in healthcare practitioners (HCPs), but there is limited evidence with regards to the impact of continuing pandemic waves on levels of distress in HCPs. We previously studied psychological distress in HCPs during the start of the pandemic (period 1, when cases were infrequent and the country was in lockdown), and demonstrated that HCPs were experiencing considerable stress, despite the country reporting low caseloads at the time. In this study, we sought to utilize the same methodology to reexamine levels of distress as COVID-19 peaked in the country and HCPs began managing large numbers of COVID-19 cases (period 2). METHODS A cross-sectional online survey utilizing a tool previously used during period 1 was completed by HCPs working in various settings. Demographic, professional and psychological factors such as distress, anxiety, depression, burnout, sleep issues, exhaustion, and fear were assessed; and coping strategies also were measured. Items in the tool were assessed for reliability and validity. A multivariable regression was used to identify factors that continued to impact distress during period 2. RESULTS Samples in both periods (n = 937, n = 876, respectively) were relatively comparable in demographic characteristics, but in period 2, a greater proportion of nurses and healthcare practitioners reported working in general hospitals. During the pandemic peak (period 2), 49.0% of HCPs reported high levels of distress (compared to 32% in period 1); anxiety and depression scores were approximately 21% higher in period 2; and 50.6% reported fatigue (compared to 34.3% in period 1). Variables significantly associated with greater distress in period 2 included experiencing burnout, experiencing sleep disturbances, being fatigued, having fatalistic fears, and having fears related to workload. Conversely, being male, reporting satisfaction at work, and using positive coping practices were associated with a significantly lower odds of being in distress. CONCLUSIONS Between the two periods (early pandemic and first wave), COVID-19-related mental health continued to deteriorate among HCPs, highlighting the need to do more to support HCP front-liners facing COVID-19 surges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nour A. Obeidat
- Cancer Control Office, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, 11941 Jordan
| | - Yasmeen I. Dodin
- Cancer Control Office, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, 11941 Jordan
| | | | - Asma S. Albtoosh
- Respiratory Division, Internal Medicine Department, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rasha M. Manasrah
- Cancer Control Office, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, 11941 Jordan
| | - Asem H. Mansour
- Director General Office, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Hogan WB, Daniels AH. Orthopaedic Surgeon Burnout and Suicide: Social Isolation as a Driver of Self-Harm. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2022; 104:e22. [PMID: 34648475 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.21.00657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- William B Hogan
- Department of Orthopedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, East Providence, Rhode Island
| | | |
Collapse
|
77
|
Moerdler S, Steinberg DM, Jin Z, Cole PD, Kesselheim J, Levy AS, Roth M, Rosenthal SL. Provider and staff crisis well-being associated with trust in leadership and baseline burnout. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022; 69:e29497. [PMID: 34890105 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the emotional health of health care workers continues to be an area of active research. However, few studies have focused on those working in pediatrics and its subspecialties, as well as ancillary and non-patient-facing staff. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated predictors of burnout and emotional well-being of providers and staff. METHODS An anonymous electronic survey was developed evaluating demographics, pandemic experiences, possible predictor variables, and three main outcomes of burnout, psychological distress, and perceived stress. Pediatric hematology oncology (PHO) chiefs and program directors across the country were invited to participate and disseminate the survey to their programs. RESULTS A total of 682/1950 (35% of invited) individuals responded to all predictor and outcome variables. Over half reported high levels of burnout and some reported moderate/high levels of distress. Prepandemic burnout and decreased trust in leadership were associated with all three outcomes. Additional predictors included having a child ≤18 years at home, hospital role, and worrying about patient care or relationship with their patients. The majority (n = 444/682, 65.5%) reported that their institution had made COVID-19-related mental health resources available. However, only 6.5% (n = 44/682) reported utilizing these resources. CONCLUSIONS While the majority of PHO providers and staff were resilient during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, many reported high levels of burnout, yet few are utilizing institutional resources. This study has highlighted several actionable areas to help identify and address factors that are wearing down the emotional well-being of providers and staff.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Moerdler
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Dara M Steinberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Zhezhen Jin
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Peter D Cole
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jennifer Kesselheim
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Adam S Levy
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Cellular Therapy, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Brons, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Michael Roth
- Division of Pediatrics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Susan L Rosenthal
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Zada M, Zada S, Khan J, Saeed I, Zhang YJ, Vega-Muñoz A, Salazar-Sepúlveda G. Does Servant Leadership Control Psychological Distress in Crisis? Moderation and Mediation Mechanism. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:607-622. [PMID: 35310833 PMCID: PMC8926009 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s354093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to investigate the impact of servant leadership on the psychological distress of healthcare staff during the Covid-19 crisis. The authors propose that work engagement mediates and mindfulness moderates the direct relationship between servant leadership and psychological distress. Methods Time-lagged data were collected from 277 healthcare staff working at different hospitals in Pakistan. Process Macro version 3.1 on SPSS 23 was used for statistical analysis. For model fitness, we used AMOS V 22. Results The results show that servant leadership is negatively related to psychological distress. Furthermore, work engagement mediates the relationship between servant leadership and psychological distress. Moreover, mindfulness is anticipated to moderate the direct relationship between servant leadership and psychological distress, drawing on the social exchange and conservation of resources theory. Discussion This study finds that servant leadership is vital for the mental health of healthcare staff. Thus, it extends the utility of the concept of servant leadership to the psychology and crisis management literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zada
- Business School Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shagufta Zada
- Business School Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, Ilma University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Jawad Khan
- Department of Business Administration, Iqra National University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Imran Saeed
- IBMS, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Yong Jun Zhang
- Business School Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yong Jun Zhang, Business School Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475000, People’s Republic of China, Email
| | - Alejandro Vega-Muñoz
- Public Policy Observatory, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, 7500912, Chile
| | - Guido Salazar-Sepúlveda
- Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, 4090541, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
General practitioner wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic review. Br J Gen Pract 2022; 72:e325-e333. [DOI: 10.3399/bjgp.2021.0680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Doctors’ organisations in the UK have reported worrying levels of work-related stress and burnout in the general practitioner (GP) workforce for some time, and the COVID-19 pandemic has presented clear new challenges. Aims: To synthesise international evidence exploring the impact of COVID-19 on primary care doctors’ mental health and wellbeing and identify risk factors associated with their psychological wellbeing during this time. Design and setting: Mixed-methods systematic review. Method: We searched six bibliographic databases, Google Scholar and MedRxiv and conducted reference checking to identify studies of GP psychological wellbeing during the pandemic. Two reviewers selected studies, extracted data and assessed the quality of studies using standardised tools. Heterogeneity in outcomes, setting and design prohibited statistical pooling; we combined the studies using a convergent integrated thematic synthesis. Results: Thirty-one studies were included. Multiple sources of stress were identified, including changed working practices, risk, exposure and inadequate PPE, information overload, pandemic preparedness and cohesion across sectors. Studies demonstrated an impact on psychological wellbeing, with some GPs experiencing stress, burnout, anxiety, depression, fear of COVID, lower job satisfaction and physical symptoms. Studies described gender and age differences: women report poorer psychological outcomes across all domains and older GPs reported greater stress and burnout. Use of outcome measures and reporting practice varied greatly. Conclusion: Our review of international evidence demonstrates that the COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected GPs’ wellbeing around the world. Further research could explore gender and age differences, identifying interventions targeted to these groups.
Collapse
|
80
|
Yusefi AR, Sharifi M, Nasabi NS, Rezabeigi Davarani E, Bastani P. Health human resources challenges during COVID-19 pandemic; evidence of a qualitative study in a developing country. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262887. [PMID: 35073374 PMCID: PMC8786119 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background One of the main forthcoming challenges of healthcare systems against preparedness and management of the pandemic is the challenge of procurement and recruitment of the human resources. This study is aimed to explore the health human resources challenges during COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. Methods This qualitative content analysis study was conducted in 2020. The study population includes all the Iranian human resources managers affiliated in Universities of Medical Sciences, hospitals and health centers managers and the health networks managers all over the country. 23 participants were included via purposeful sampling considering the inclusion criteria and were interviewed individually. After 23 semi-structured interviews, data were saturated. Then the data were analyzed through content analysis approach applying MAXQDA10. Results Three main themes of “organizational challenges”, “legal challenges”, and “personal challenges” were explored as the main challenges of health human resources management during COVID-19. On the one hand, organizational challenges include restricted financial resources, compensation discrimination, staffing distinction points, imbalance in the workload, weak organizational coordination, inefficient inter-sectoral relationships, parallel decisions, inefficient distribution of the human resources, lack of applied education, lack of integrated health protocols, lack of appropriate evaluation of performance, employee turnover, lack of clear approaches for staffing, and shortage of specialized manpower, and on the other hand, the personal challenges include insufficient knowledge of the employees, psychological disorders, reduction of self-confidence, burnout, workload increase, reduced level of job satisfaction, effects of colleague and patients bereavement and unsafety sense against the work place. Finally, the legal challenges that mostly related to the governments laws and regulations include lack of protocols for continuous supportive services, inappropriate approaches and instructions for teleworking, and lack of alternative plans and regulations for the human resources. Conclusion Organizational, legal and personal challenges are among three main challenges of health human resources management during COVID-19 pandemic. Serious attention to these challenges should be considered by health policymakers in order to be prepared for facing new probable outbreaks and managing the present condition. The integrated comprehensive planning of human resources management for COVID-19 along with supportive packages for the personnel can be helpful.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Reza Yusefi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Sharifi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Narjes sadat Nasabi
- Development and Change Manager, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Esmat Rezabeigi Davarani
- Health in Disasters and Emergencies Research Center, Institute for Future Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Peivand Bastani
- Health Human Resources Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Effects of Flexible Scheduling and Virtual Visits on Burnout for Clinicians. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2022; 60:103705. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
82
|
Benson J, Sexton R, Dowrick C, Gibson C, Lionis C, Ferreira Veloso Gomes J, Bakola M, AlKhathami A, Nazeer S, Igoumenaki A, Usta J, Arroll B, van Weel-Baumgarten E, Allen C. Staying psychologically safe as a doctor during the COVID-19 pandemic. Fam Med Community Health 2022; 10:fmch-2021-001553. [PMID: 35045988 PMCID: PMC8771807 DOI: 10.1136/fmch-2021-001553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jill Benson
- Discipline of General Practice, The University of Adelaide School of Medicine, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia .,Prideaux Centre for Health Professionals Education, Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Roger Sexton
- Doctors Health SA, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Christine Gibson
- Department of Family Medicine and Psychiatry, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christos Lionis
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, University of Crete School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Maria Bakola
- Research Unit for General Medicine and Primary Health Care, University of Ioannina Faculty of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Abdullah AlKhathami
- Innovative Primary Mental Health Program, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shimnaz Nazeer
- Family Medicine in Clinical Medicine Department, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Alkisti Igoumenaki
- University Clinic, University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Jinan Usta
- Family Medicine Department, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Bruce Arroll
- Department of General Practice and Primary Care, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Evelyn van Weel-Baumgarten
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia Allen
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Amer F, Hammoud S, Khatatbeh H, Lohner S, Boncz I, Endrei D. The deployment of balanced scorecard in health care organizations: is it beneficial? A systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:65. [PMID: 35027048 PMCID: PMC8758212 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-07452-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Balanced Scorecard (BSC) has been implemented for three decades to evaluate and improve the performance of organizations. To the best of the researchers' knowledge, no previous systematic review has performed a comprehensive and rigorous methodological approach to figure out the impact of BSC implementation in Health Care Organizations (HCO). AIMS The current work was intended to assess the impact of implementing the BSC on Health Care Workers' (HCW) satisfaction, patient satisfaction, and financial performance. METHODS The authors prepared the present systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines. Further, the authors customized the search strategy for PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Google Scholar databases, and Google's search engine. The obtained studies were screened to isolate those measuring scores related to HCW satisfaction, patient satisfaction, and financial performance. The Risk of Bias (RoB) in the non-Randomized Intervention Studies (ROBINS-I) tool was used to assess the quality of observational and quasi-experimental studies. On the other hand, for the Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), the Cochrane (RoB 2) tool was used. RESULTS Out of 4031 studies, the researchers included 20 studies that measured the impact of BSC on one or more of the three entities (HCW satisfaction, patient satisfaction, and financial performance). Throughout these 20 studies, it was found that 17 studies measured the impact of the BSC on patient satisfaction, seven studies measured the impact on HCW satisfaction, and 12 studies measured the impact on financial performance. CONCLUSION This systematic review provides managers and policymakers with evidence to support utilizing BSC in the health care sector. BSC implementation demonstrated positive outcomes for patient satisfaction and the financial performance of HCOs. However, only a mild impact was demonstrated for effects related to HCW satisfaction. However, it is worth noting that many of the studies reflected a high RoB, which may have affected the impacts on the three primary outcomes measured. As such, this systematic review reflects the necessity for further focus on this area in the future. Moreover, future research is encouraged to measure the real and current impact of implementing BSC in HCO during the pandemic since we did not find any.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faten Amer
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Maria u. 5-7, Pécs, H-7621, Hungary. .,Institute for Health Insurance, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Sahar Hammoud
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Maria u. 5-7, Pécs, H-7621, Hungary
| | - Haitham Khatatbeh
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Maria u. 5-7, Pécs, H-7621, Hungary
| | - Szimonetta Lohner
- Cochrane Hungary, Clinical Center of the University of Pécs, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Imre Boncz
- Institute for Health Insurance, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dóra Endrei
- Institute for Health Insurance, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Williams MS, Ryniker L, Schwartz RM, Shaam P, Finuf KD, Corley SS, Parashar N, Young JQ, Bellehsen MH, Jan S. Physician challenges and supports during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed methods study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1055495. [PMID: 36569611 PMCID: PMC9780028 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1055495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the COVID-19 pandemic, physicians encountered significant COVID-19-related negative experiences and psychological distress in both their personal and professional lives. To understand the factors that negatively impact physician well-being, a number of studies have pointed to multiple work system factors such as excessive workload and workflow interruptions. In addition, studies have shown that positive interpersonal relationships that provide social support may also serve as a buffering role against psychological distress. The aim of our study explores the challenges and sources of support for physicians relative to mental health symptoms. METHODS In this study, We used a cross-sectional study design with a convergent parallel mixed method approach combining both qualitative and quantitative data collected in parallel from a self-report questionnaire immediately following the first wave of COVID-19. The aim of our study explores the challenges and sources of support for physicians relative to mental health symptoms. RESULTS Of the 457 physicians in the study, the most frequently potential negative occupational experiences were, "Being at risk of contracting COVID-19 from patients/co-workers" (90.5%) and "Contact with distressed family members who cannot be with a loved one" (69.5%). We identified five common themes for main sources of social support (e.g. emotional support from family/friends) and six themes for challenges (e.g., work-related demands exacerbated by the pandemic). DISCUSSION Our study highlights COVID-19 and other pandemic-related challenges that negatively impacted the mental health of physicians. Interventions that provide targeted organizational supports (e.g. sufficient PPE and child support), as well as specific sources of support (e.g. family and emotional), can attenuate those challenges and stressors experienced during a pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myia S Williams
- Department of Medicine, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY, United States.,Institute of Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Laura Ryniker
- Institute of Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology and Prevention, Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY, United States.,Center for Traumatic Stress, Resilience and Recovery at Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY, United States
| | - Rebecca M Schwartz
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY, United States.,Institute of Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology and Prevention, Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY, United States.,Center for Traumatic Stress, Resilience and Recovery at Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY, United States
| | - Pooja Shaam
- Institute of Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology and Prevention, Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY, United States.,Center for Traumatic Stress, Resilience and Recovery at Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY, United States
| | - Kayla D Finuf
- Department of Medicine, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY, United States
| | - Samantha S Corley
- Institute of Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology and Prevention, Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY, United States.,Center for Traumatic Stress, Resilience and Recovery at Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY, United States
| | - Nidhi Parashar
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY, United States.,Division of General Pediatrics, Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY, United States
| | - John Q Young
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital at Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, United States
| | - Mayer H Bellehsen
- Center for Traumatic Stress, Resilience and Recovery at Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital at Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, United States
| | - Sophia Jan
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY, United States.,Institute of Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Resident Mental Health Program, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Ibrahim F, Samsudin EZ, Chen XW, Toha HR. The Prevalence and Work-Related Factors of Burnout Among Public Health Workforce During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Occup Environ Med 2022; 64:e20-e27. [PMID: 34789681 PMCID: PMC8715934 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the prevalence of burnout and its work-related factors among public health providers (PHP) during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We surveyed 366 PHP in May 2021 on their burnout, demographic, and work-related characteristics. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify associated factors. RESULTS 45% PHP reported burnout. Higher PHP burnout was associated with younger age (AOR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93-0.99), prolonged COVID-19 involvement (AOR 2.35, 95% CI 1.16-4.72), as well as perceiving medium (AOR 2.10, 95% CI 1.27-3.48) and high emotional demand (AOR 4.45, 95% CI 1.67-11.77), low (AOR 2.10, 95% CI 1.27-3.48) and medium (AOR 4.18, 95% CI 1.64-10.59) role clarity, medium job satisfaction (AOR 3.21, 95% CI: 1.11-9.29), and low organisational justice (AOR 3.32, 95% CI 1.51-7.27). CONCLUSIONS Improving job content and organisational characteristics may be key to reducing PHP burnout.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farha Ibrahim
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia (Dr Ibrahim, Dr Samsudin, Dr Chen); and Johor Bahru District Health Office, Johor Health State Department, Johor, Malaysia (Dr Toha)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
86
|
Shahab H, Zahur H, Akhtar N, Rashid S. Characteristics of Ethical Leadership: Themes Identification Through Convergent Parallel Mixed Method Design From the Pakistan Context. Front Psychol 2021; 12:787796. [PMID: 34975682 PMCID: PMC8719645 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.787796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current approaches in identifying the characteristics of ethical leadership proceed mainly from a Western perspective based on virtue-driven moral philosophy (i.e., relativism) and frequently ignoring the Asian perspective of morality based on idealism. This study aimed to conduct parallel analysis in convergent design by using qualitative and quantitative methods to extract person-driven ethical leadership themes by considering the Asian context. Using the hypothetico-deductive method, 13 themes were extracted altogether, out of which 4 are new context-driven themes (i.e., altruism, encouragement, collective good, and spiritual transcendence as the emerging themes of ethical leadership in the Asian context).
Collapse
|
87
|
Al-Tammemi AB, Barakat M, Al Tamimi D, Alhallaq SA, Al Hasan DM, Khasawneh GM, Naqera KA, Jaradat RM, Farah FW, Al-Maqableh HO, Abuawad A, Othman B, Tarhini Z, Odeh H, Khatatbeh M, Akour A, Aljaberi MA, Kolozsvári LR. Beliefs Toward Smoking and COVID-19, and the Pandemic Impact on Smoking Behavior and Quit Intention: Findings from a Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Jordan. Tob Use Insights 2021; 14:1179173X211053022. [PMID: 34866951 PMCID: PMC8637701 DOI: 10.1177/1179173x211053022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between smoking and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is still topical with mixed epidemiological evidence. However, the pandemic may affect people's beliefs toward smoking as well as their smoking behavior and quit intentions. Considering high smoking rates in Jordan, our current study aimed to assess the following domains in a community-based sample from Jordan: (i) the beliefs that surround smoking/vaping and COVID-19 and (ii) the pandemic impact on smoking behavior and quit intention. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jordan from March 9 to March 16, 2021, utilizing a web-based structured questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised 13 items on sociodemographic, health, and smoking profiles, 14 items to assess beliefs surrounding COVID-19 and the use of combustible cigarettes (CCs), waterpipe (WP), and electronic cigarettes (ECs), and 12 items to assess the pandemic impact on smoking behavior and quit intention. RESULTS Of 2424 survey respondents who participated in our study, there were 1163 never-smokers, 1044 current smokers, and 217 ex-smokers. The mean age of participants was 35.2 years (SD: 11.06). Most participants have reported anti-smoking beliefs with around 72.9% believed that WP smoking is related to the risk of contracting COVID-19. Also, 71.7% believed that smoking CC may worsen the COVID-19 clinical course, while 74.1% of respondents believed that smoking has no protective effect against COVID-19. During the pandemic, about 28.1% and 19.3% of current smokers reported increased or reduced smoking, respectively. Besides, 459 current smokers have expressed their plans/intention to quit smoking during the pandemic, of whom 27.5% (n = 126) confirmed that the driving force for their decision is a COVID-19-related reason, such as self-protection (n = 123) and protection of family members (n = 121) which were the most cited reasons. Also, around 63 participants have successfully ceased smoking during the pandemic. However, only 22 of them reported that the main driving motivation of their successful quit attempt was the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSION Most participants' beliefs and attitudes were against smoking during the pandemic. Nevertheless, the double-edged effect of the pandemic on smoking habits should be carefully considered, and reliable anti-smoking measures should be strengthened and sustained in the country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ala'a B Al-Tammemi
- Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Muna Barakat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Dua'a Al Tamimi
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Princess Muna College of Nursing, Mutah University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sami A Alhallaq
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, King Hussein Medical City, Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Dima M Al Hasan
- Department of Dental Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ghena M Khasawneh
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Khalil Abu Naqera
- Department of Health, The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), Jordan Field Office, Amman, Jordan
| | - Raghad M Jaradat
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Medical City, Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Fadi W Farah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Al-Basheer Hospital, Jordanian Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hindya O Al-Maqableh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Alaa Abuawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Bayan Othman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Zeinab Tarhini
- CAPTuR Laboratory, Control of Cell Activation in Tumor Progression and Therapeutic Resistance, Limoges, France
- Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, GEIST, Limoges, France
| | - Hamza Odeh
- International Medical Corps (IMC), Amman, Jordan
| | - Moawiah Khatatbeh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Amal Akour
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Musheer A Aljaberi
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen
| | - László Róbert Kolozsvári
- Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Çevik H, Ungan M. The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health and residency training of family medicine residents: findings from a nationwide cross-sectional survey in Turkey. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2021; 22:226. [PMID: 34781878 PMCID: PMC8591155 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-021-01576-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on resident training in different branches and affected the physical and mental health of frontline residents adversely. This nationwide cross-sectional survey aimed to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on family medicine residents in Turkey, including the levels of depression and burnout. Methods An anonymous online survey was distributed to all family medicine residents via e-mail and a web link between 28.11.2020 and 12.12.2020. Information on sociodemographic data and the residency programme were evaluated, and factors associated with depression and burnout were examined using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Burnout Measure-Short Version (BMS) respectively. Results Although the weekly average working hours of the 477 respondents increased significantly during the pandemic (p < 0.05), the average weekly working time in the Family Medicine (FM) outpatient clinic decreased. The greatest concern of 58.3% of the residents was fear of transmitting COVID-19 to their family members. 90.2% of the residents stated that training programmes were negatively or very negatively affected. According to PHQ-9 scores, 15.7% of residents had moderately severe, and 14.9% severe depression. The BMS scores of the residents demonstrated that 24.1% had a very severe burnout problem, and 23.3% should seek professional help as soon as possible. Being single, having no children, female gender, lack of personal protective equipments and increased contact time with COVID-19 patients were associated with higher scores in the depression and burnout scales (p < 0.05). Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on training programmes for FM residents, who are at the forefront of the pandemic in Turkey, and this situation is closely related to depression and burnout. Due to the unpredictability of the pandemic, long-term plans should be made for the training needs of residents in order to protect their physical and mental health. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12875-021-01576-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hüsna Çevik
- Çankaya District Health Directorate, Hacettepe Mah. Talatpaşa Blv. No: 44 Altındağ, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Ungan
- Family Medicine Department, Ankara University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Khatatbeh M, Al-Maqableh HO, Albalas S, Al Ajlouni S, A'aqoulah A, Khatatbeh H, Kasasbeh MA, Khatatbeh I, Albalas R, Al-Tammemi AB. Attitudes and Commitment Toward Precautionary Measures Against COVID-19 Amongst the Jordanian Population: A Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Survey. Front Public Health 2021; 9:745149. [PMID: 34820350 PMCID: PMC8606566 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.745149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: This study aimed to (1) assess the non-pharmaceutical intervention (NPI) measures that were used by the Jordanian population against COVID-19, and (2) determine the sociodemographic and behavioral predictors of contracting COVID-19 with a focus on the utilization of personal precautionary measures. Methods: A descriptive questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey was used in this study. A structured web-based questionnaire was disseminated to the Jordanian community through social media platforms. Participants were asked a series of questions about socio-demographic characteristics, in addition to the knowledge, attitudes, and commitment toward using various personal precautionary measures (e.g., face mask, hand washing, social distancing) against the COVID-19. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, cross-tabulation, and binary logistic regression through SPSS®. Results: Responses from 7,746 participants were included in our final analyses. Descriptive statistics showed that most participants (82.6%) believed that face mask protects against COVID-19. Around 69.5% of the participants were completely committed to wearing a face mask, while 65% of the participants were completely committed to hand washing. The results of the regression analysis revealed that female gender (AOR = 1.2; 95% CI: 1.07-1.35; p = 0.002), having a family member infected with COVID-19 (AOR = 8.5; 95% Cl: 7.51-9.70; p = 0.001), having a health-related work or study (AOR = 1.2; 95% Cl: 1.09-1.38; p = 0.001), believing that face masks do not protect against COVID-19 (AOR = 1.3; 95% Cl: 1.12-1.47; p = 0.001), and partial commitment to handwashing (AOR = 1.2; 95% Cl: 1.11-1.75; p = 0.006) were all associated with an increased odds of contracting COVID-19 among the participants. Conclusion: Overall, commitment to non-pharmaceutical intervention (NPI) measures, such as wearing a face mask, hand washing, and physical distancing, was not optimal among Jordanians. This might explain the dramatic increase in the infectivity rate of the COVID-19 virus in the past few months in the country. More sustainable efforts regarding health promotion and strict policies are required to prevent a third wave of hitting the country and to prevent similar infectious threats in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moawiah Khatatbeh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Hindya O. Al-Maqableh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Samir Albalas
- Department of Health Service Administration, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Sara Al Ajlouni
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ashraf A'aqoulah
- Department of Health Systems Management, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haitham Khatatbeh
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Mohammed A. Kasasbeh
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Higher Colleges of Technology, Fujaira, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ibdaa Khatatbeh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rahaf Albalas
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ala'a B. Al-Tammemi
- Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Lu Y, Liu Q, Yan H, Gao S, Liu T. Job burnout and its impact on work ability in biosafety laboratory staff during the COVID-19 epidemic in Xinjiang. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:543. [PMID: 34732164 PMCID: PMC8563825 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03555-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has increased the physical and psychological stress of medical workers. This study was designed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of job burnout and its impact on work ability among Biosafety Laboratory (BSL) staffs during the COVID-19 epidemic in Xinjiang. METHODS A total of 7911 qualified BSL staffs in Xinjiang were investigated by electronic questionnaires. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) was used for job burnout survey. Work Ability Index (WAI) was used for work ability survey. The prevalence and risk factors of job burnout in BSL staffs were analyzed through chi square test, t-test and one-way ANOVA. And then, the influence of demographic and job-related variables, i.e., confounding factors, were eliminated to the greatest extent by the propensity score analysis (PSA) method, to investigate the impact of job burnout on work ability in BSL staffs. RESULTS A total of 67.6% BSL staffs experienced job burnout. There were significant differences in the detection rate of job burnout among demographic and job-related variables, including gender, age, ethnicity, education, working years, professional title, marital status, number of night shift per month and overall sleep condition (all P < 0.05). The detection rate of job burnout in female was higher than that in male. The detection rates of job burnout in 45-50 years old, Han ethnicity, education of postgraduate or above, 11-20 years of working, intermediate professional title, married, staff with many night shifts per month and poor overall sleep condition were higher than that of other groups. The average burnout scores of the Emotional Exhaustion (EE), Cynicism (CY), Reduced Personal Accomplishment (PA) scale were 10.00 ± 5.99, 4.64 ± 4.59 and 15.25 ± 8.16, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the three dimensions of job burnout, i.e., EE, CY, PE, were negatively correlated with work ability and significantly affected the work ability of BSL staffs (all P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the prevalence of job burnout is extremely common among BSL staffs. In addition, the work ability decreases with the increase of job burnout and the improvement of job burnout can enhance work ability among BSL staffs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoqin Lu
- grid.13394.3c0000 0004 1799 3993Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011 Xinjiang China ,Urumqi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, 830026 Xinjiang China
| | - Qi Liu
- grid.13394.3c0000 0004 1799 3993Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011 Xinjiang China
| | - Huan Yan
- grid.13394.3c0000 0004 1799 3993Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011 Xinjiang China ,Xinjiang Engineering Technology Research Center for Green Processing of Nature Product Center, Xinjiang Autonomous Academy of Instrumental Analysis, Urumqi, Xinjiang China
| | - Sunyujie Gao
- Urumqi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, 830026 Xinjiang China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Khatatbeh H, Zrínyi M, Oláh A, Pakai A. The relationship between paediatric nurses' quality of life and intent to leave: The moderating role of hospital type. Nurs Open 2021; 9:676-683. [PMID: 34730275 PMCID: PMC8685849 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Different types of hospitals exist in Jordan, and each type has its own leadership style. This might affect the nursing workforce in terms of quality of life and intent to leave. Aim This study aimed at (1) assessing the relationship between paediatric nurses' quality of life and intent to leave, (2) examining the moderating effect of the hospital type on this relationship, (3) comparing the quality of life of paediatric nurses working at ministry of health and the University‐Affiliated hospitals and (4) exploring the determinants of nurses' intent to leave. Design A cross‐sectional, comparative and correlational design was used in this study. Methods A multi‐site sample was selected from two types of hospitals in Jordan; the ministry of health and the University‐Affiliated hospitals. A sample of 225 paediatric nurses responded to the brief quality of life questionnaire by the World Health Organization in addition to a group of sociodemographic and work‐related questions. Results and conclusion Nurses' quality of life and intent to leave were negatively correlated. This correlation was moderated by the type of hospital. Nurses' quality of life was significantly different in the two types of hospitals. Both salary and nursing care model predicted paediatric nurses' intent to leave. The managerial style and work environment of the ministry of health hospitals should be benchmarked against the University‐Affiliated hospitals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haitham Khatatbeh
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Miklós Zrínyi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Basic Health Sciences and Health Visiting, Institute of Nursing Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - András Oláh
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Basic Health Sciences and Health Visiting, Institute of Nursing Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Annamária Pakai
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Basic Health Sciences and Health Visiting, Institute of Nursing Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Sundararajan M, Schallhorn JM, Doan T, Seitzman GD. Changes to ophthalmic clinical care during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2021; 32:561-566. [PMID: 34456291 PMCID: PMC8664232 DOI: 10.1097/icu.0000000000000797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Given the impact that society as a whole, and medicine specifically, has experienced as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, an examination of clinical care changes enacted in the field of ophthalmology is of interest to the specialty. RECENT FINDINGS In order to adapt to the reality of the COVID-19 pandemic, measures, such as broadening telehealth capabilities, adopting universal masking, careful sanitation procedures, applying virtual teaching in academic environments, and deferring elective surgeries were put in place. These were aimed at reducing person-to-person spread of SARS-CoV-2. Though best efforts were made at triaging ophthalmic emergencies during these times, unfortunate delays in care were observed in some circumstances. Finally, a prospective study interrogating the risk of spread at slit lamp distances for short periods of time was encouraging, suggesting low risk of transmissibility, though limited by a small case-positive sample size. SUMMARY Significant changes have been made in the design and delivery of ophthalmic care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Some of these, such as telemedicine, may provide value in a postpandemic world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miel Sundararajan
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Julie M. Schallhorn
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Thuy Doan
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Gerami D. Seitzman
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Tement S, Ketiš ZK, Miroševič Š, Selič-Zupančič P. The Impact of Psychological Interventions with Elements of Mindfulness (PIM) on Empathy, Well-Being, and Reduction of Burnout in Physicians: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111181. [PMID: 34769700 PMCID: PMC8582910 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Physician’s burnout has been recognized as an increasing and significant work-related syndrome, described by the combination of emotional exhaustion (EE) and depersonalization (D), together with low personal accomplishment (PA). It has many negative consequences on personal, organizational, and patient care levels. This systematic review aimed to analyze research articles where psychological interventions with elements of mindfulness (PIMs) were used to support physicians in order to reduce burnout and foster empathy and well-being. Methods: Systematic searches were conducted in May 2019, within six electronic databases PubMed, EBSCOhost MEDLINE, PsycArticles, Cochrane Library, JSTOR, and Slovenian national library information system. Different combinations of boolean operators were used—mindfulness, empathy, medicine/family medicine/general practice/primary care, burnout, doctors/physicians, intervention, and support group. Additional articles were manually searched from the reference list of the included articles. Studies with other healthcare professionals (not physicians and residents) and/or medical students, and those where PIMs were applied for educational or patient’s treatment purposes were excluded. Results: Of 1194 studies identified, 786 screened and 139 assessed for eligibility, there were 18 studies included in this review. Regardless of a specific type of PIMs applied, results, in general, demonstrate a positive impact on empathy, well-being, and reduction in burnout in participating physicians. Compared with other recent systematic reviews, this is unique due to a broader selection of psychological interventions and emphasis on a sustained effect measurement. Conclusions: Given the pandemic of COVID-19, it is of utmost importance that this review includes also interventions based on modern information technologies (mobile apps) and can be used as an awareness-raising material for physicians providing information about feasible and easily accessible interventions for effective burnout prevention and/or reduction. Future research should upgrade self-reported data with objective psychological measures and address the question of which intervention offers more benefits to physicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tement
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Maribor, Taborska 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (S.T.); (Z.K.K.)
| | - Zalika Klemenc Ketiš
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Maribor, Taborska 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (S.T.); (Z.K.K.)
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Ljubljana, Poljanski Nasip 58, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Community Healthcare Centre Ljubljana, Primary Healthcare Research and Development Institute (IRROZ), Metelkova 9, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Špela Miroševič
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Ljubljana, Poljanski Nasip 58, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Polona Selič-Zupančič
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Ljubljana, Poljanski Nasip 58, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Community Healthcare Centre Ljubljana, Primary Healthcare Research and Development Institute (IRROZ), Metelkova 9, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University Maribor, Taborska 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Kortuem FC, Ziemssen F, Kortuem KU, Kortuem C. The Role and Views of Ophthalmologists During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Clin Ophthalmol 2021; 15:3947-3956. [PMID: 34616139 PMCID: PMC8488052 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s327745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic forced ophthalmologists to adjust their working conditions to ensure patient and staff safety, while still providing effective and timely treatment. This international survey among ophthalmologists was initiated to capture what actions ophthalmologists were taking and what their opinions were on the risks of infection in their workplace, the delay in treatment, the use of telemedicine and telephone for appointments, and the regional specifications and measures implemented by the respective authorities. Methods An open-source web tool was used to develop an online survey, to which ophthalmologists worldwide were invited via e-mail using international mailing lists (Media Mice, Singapore; Texere Publishing Inc, USA; CGO Gerling) and incentivized using a lottery. The physicians provided their level of agreement relating to the offered statements and gave free answers to the questions regarding the actions taken (conducted November 5th 2020 to December 20th 2020). Results After 91,000 invitations, responses were collected from 1122 ophthalmologists. Despite the use of large international mailing lists, mainly doctors from Europe participated. Half of the participants expressed great concern about possible SARS-CoV-2 infection in their patients. A significant number of younger ophthalmologists (≤50 years: 76.9%, n = 313; >50 years: 69.6%, n = 181) feared the delays that COVID-19 could cause to treatment. Reductions in patient numbers were broadly observed, with more ophthalmologists of younger age reporting greater declines. Nearly all ophthalmologists indicated that they provided disinfectant and the majority also used masks and questionnaires for screening. For 60.3% (n = 412) of ophthalmologists, telephone calls reduced the risk of ‘no-shows’; 71.6% (n = 497) disagreed that telemedical evaluation is possible without slit lamp findings and fundus photos; and 57.0% of participants felt content with the governmental measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly influenced the work of ophthalmologists. Based on the limited response rate, certain statements were only possible to evaluate for the European Union: with a noticeable reduction in patient numbers, delay in treatment was a major worry. Measures to protect and reassure patients should be undertaken, especially regarding those with vision-threatening diseases requiring treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Friederike C Kortuem
- University Eye Hospital, Center for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Focke Ziemssen
- University Eye Hospital, Center for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Constanze Kortuem
- University Eye Hospital, Center for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Akour A, AlMuhaissen SA, Nusair MB, Al-Tammemi AB, Mahmoud NN, Jalouqa S, Alrawashdeh MN. The untold story of the COVID-19 pandemic: perceptions and views towards social stigma and bullying in the shadow of COVID-19 illness in Jordan. SN SOCIAL SCIENCES 2021; 1:240. [PMID: 34693341 PMCID: PMC8475478 DOI: 10.1007/s43545-021-00252-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Stigmatization towards COVID-19 patients can lead to negative outcomes like social exclusion and bullying, and it may hinder the willingness of people to undergo testing. This study aimed to measure and explore the perception of stigmatization and bullying towards COVID-19 patients in Jordan. This was a web-based cross-sectional survey. Participants were recruited from social media platforms employing a snowball convenience sampling. The perception of bullying, beliefs regarding social consequences of infection, views on measures towards violators of patients' privacy, and how to reduce the stigma were assessed by self-reported measures. 397 participants returned completed questionnaires. The majority of respondents believed that COVID-19 patients in Jordan are getting bullied (n = 255, 64.3%) and over 80% believed that people enjoy sharing identities, or news about COVID-19 patients. Although most respondents had adequate knowledge regarding transmission/prevention of COVID-19, they believed that all or some of the COVID-19 patients practiced something wrong to get infected (n = 358, 90.2%). Moreover, 86.9% of respondents reported that people in Jordan were crossing their lines with bullying behaviors towards COVID-19 patients. However, these negative views would not discourage most respondents to get tested and follow the government's instructions if they or any of their acquaintances were suspected to be infected. Our study sheds the light on a high degree of stigma and bullying of COVID-19 patients during the early stage of the pandemic in Jordan. Hence, there is a need to develop and implement effective anti-stigma/anti-bullying campaigns that refute the misperception, raise public knowledge about COVID-19, and spread encouraging messages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amal Akour
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942 Jordan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, 11942 Jordan
| | - Suha A. AlMuhaissen
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammad B. Nusair
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ala’a B. Al-Tammemi
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Nouf N. Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, 11942 Jordan
| | - Sarah Jalouqa
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | |
Collapse
|
96
|
Shawahna R. Knowledge, attitude, and use of protective measures against COVID-19 among nurses: a questionnaire-based multicenter cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs 2021; 20:163. [PMID: 34493274 PMCID: PMC8422377 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-021-00689-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background During this pandemic, nurses have always been on the frontline and are probably the first healthcare providers to interact with patients presenting with symptoms of COVID-19. The main aim of this multicenter study was to assess knowledge, attitude, and use of protective measures against COVID-19 among nurses across the Occupied Palestinian Territory (oPt) during the ongoing pandemic. Methods This was a questionnaire-based multicenter cross-sectional study that was conducted in the period between October 2020 to December 2020. The study tool tested knowledge (8-item), attitude (2-item), and use of protective measures against COVID-19 (3-item) among nurses. Associations between nurses’ characteristics and their knowledge, attitude, and use of protective measures were investigated using Student’s t-test, Analysis of Variance, and Pearson’s correlations. To control potentially confounding variables, predictors of higher knowledge, attitude, and use of protective measures were identified using multiple regression analyses. Results The study tool was complete by 455 nurses. The mean of knowledge, attitude, and use of protective measures scores were 75.7% (SD:12.4%), 75.1% (SD: 17.7%), and 91.6% (SD: 18.2%), respectively. Multiple linear regression models showed that high knowledge was predicted by being female (p-value = 0.004) and self-rating social status as high (p-value = 0.005). Higher attitude was predicted by being female (p-value = 0.005), self-rating academic achievements as high (p-value = 0.007), and having contracted COVID-19 (p-value = 0.001). Higher use of protective measures was predicted by self-rating academic achievements as high (p-value = 0.010). Conclusion Findings of this study suggested that nurses in the oPt had high knowledge, relatively optimistic attitude, and appropriately used protective measures against COVID-19 during the ongoing pandemic. Knowledge, attitude, and use of protective measures among nurses should continuously be updated as information unfold during the ongoing pandemic. More efforts are still needed to ensure protection of healthcare providers including nurses from contracting COVID-19. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12912-021-00689-x.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi Shawahna
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Building: 19, Office: 1340, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine. .,An-Najah BioSciences Unit, Centre for Poisons Control, Chemical and Biological Analyses, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Khatatbeh M, Alhalaiqa F, Khasawneh A, Al-Tammemi AB, Khatatbeh H, Alhassoun S, Al Omari O. The Experiences of Nurses and Physicians Caring for COVID-19 Patients: Findings from an Exploratory Phenomenological Study in a High Case-Load Country. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9002. [PMID: 34501587 PMCID: PMC8431539 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Various changes have affected health services delivery in response to the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic, and this may exhibit unprecedented effects on healthcare workers (HCWs). This study aimed to explore the lived experience of physicians and nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 in Jordan. An interpretative phenomenology approach was used, and sampling was purposively performed. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews using an online meeting platform (Zoom®). Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed. The data were obtained from 26 physicians and nurses caring for patients with COVID-19. The mean age of the participants was 29.41 years (SD = 2.72). Six main themes and 17 subthemes were identified: (i) emotional reactions; (ii) preparation; (iii) source of support; (iv) extreme workload; (v) occupational challenges, and (vi) work-related concerns. The results showed that nurses and physicians caring for COVID-19 patients in Jordan were experiencing mental and emotional distress and were practicing under inadequate work conditions. This distress could be multifactorial with personal, organizational, or cultural origins. Our findings may guide policymakers to consider the potential factors that significantly affect working environment in healthcare settings, the physical and mental wellbeing of HCWs, and the required professional training that can help in enhancing resilience and coping strategies amidst crises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moawiah Khatatbeh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Fadwa Alhalaiqa
- Faculty of Nursing, Philadelphia University, Amman 19392, Jordan;
| | - Aws Khasawneh
- Department of Neurosciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, King Abdullah University Hospital, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (A.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Ala’a B. Al-Tammemi
- Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Haitham Khatatbeh
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, 7621 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Sameera Alhassoun
- Department of Neurosciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, King Abdullah University Hospital, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (A.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Omar Al Omari
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoudh, Muscat 123, Oman;
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Kolozsvári LR, Bérczes T, Hajdu A, Gesztelyi R, Tiba A, Varga I, Al-Tammemi AB, Szőllősi GJ, Harsányi S, Garbóczy S, Zsuga J. Predicting the epidemic curve of the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) using artificial intelligence: An application on the first and second waves. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2021; 25:100691. [PMID: 34395821 PMCID: PMC8349399 DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2021.100691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic is considered a major threat to global public health. The aim of our study was to use the official epidemiological data to forecast the epidemic curves (daily new cases) of the COVID-19 using Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), then to compare and validate the predicted models with the observed data. Methods We used publicly available datasets from the World Health Organization and Johns Hopkins University to create a training dataset, then we employed RNNs with gated recurring units (Long Short-Term Memory - LSTM units) to create two prediction models. Our proposed approach considers an ensemble-based system, which is realized by interconnecting several neural networks. To achieve the appropriate diversity, we froze some network layers that control the way how the model parameters are updated. In addition, we could provide country-specific predictions by transfer learning, and with extra feature injections from governmental constraints, better predictions in the longer term are achieved. We have calculated the Root Mean Squared Logarithmic Error (RMSLE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) to thoroughly compare our model predictions with the observed data. Results We reported the predicted curves for France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. The result of our study underscores that the COVID-19 pandemic is a propagated source epidemic, therefore repeated peaks on the epidemic curve are to be anticipated. Besides, the errors between the predicted and validated data and trends seem to be low. Conclusion Our proposed model has shown satisfactory accuracy in predicting the new cases of COVID-19 in certain contexts. The influence of this pandemic is significant worldwide and has already impacted most life domains. Decision-makers must be aware, that even if strict public health measures are executed and sustained, future peaks of infections are possible. The AI-based models are useful tools for forecasting epidemics as these models can be recalculated according to the newly observed data to get a more precise forecasting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- László Róbert Kolozsvári
- Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Bérczes
- Faculty of Informatics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - András Hajdu
- Faculty of Informatics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Rudolf Gesztelyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Tiba
- Faculty of Informatics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Imre Varga
- Faculty of Informatics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ala'a B Al-Tammemi
- Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gergő József Szőllősi
- Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Harsányi
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Department of Health Systems Management and Quality Management in Health Care, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Garbóczy
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Department of Psychiatry, Kenézy Hospital, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Judit Zsuga
- Department of Health Systems Management and Quality Management in Health Care, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Kolozsvári LR, Bérczes T, Hajdu A, Gesztelyi R, Tiba A, Varga I, Al-Tammemi AB, Szőllősi GJ, Harsányi S, Garbóczy S, Zsuga J. Predicting the epidemic curve of the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) using artificial intelligence: An application on the first and second waves. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2021; 25:100691. [PMID: 34395821 DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.17.20069666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The COVID-19 pandemic is considered a major threat to global public health. The aim of our study was to use the official epidemiological data to forecast the epidemic curves (daily new cases) of the COVID-19 using Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), then to compare and validate the predicted models with the observed data. METHODS We used publicly available datasets from the World Health Organization and Johns Hopkins University to create a training dataset, then we employed RNNs with gated recurring units (Long Short-Term Memory - LSTM units) to create two prediction models. Our proposed approach considers an ensemble-based system, which is realized by interconnecting several neural networks. To achieve the appropriate diversity, we froze some network layers that control the way how the model parameters are updated. In addition, we could provide country-specific predictions by transfer learning, and with extra feature injections from governmental constraints, better predictions in the longer term are achieved. We have calculated the Root Mean Squared Logarithmic Error (RMSLE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) to thoroughly compare our model predictions with the observed data. RESULTS We reported the predicted curves for France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. The result of our study underscores that the COVID-19 pandemic is a propagated source epidemic, therefore repeated peaks on the epidemic curve are to be anticipated. Besides, the errors between the predicted and validated data and trends seem to be low. CONCLUSION Our proposed model has shown satisfactory accuracy in predicting the new cases of COVID-19 in certain contexts. The influence of this pandemic is significant worldwide and has already impacted most life domains. Decision-makers must be aware, that even if strict public health measures are executed and sustained, future peaks of infections are possible. The AI-based models are useful tools for forecasting epidemics as these models can be recalculated according to the newly observed data to get a more precise forecasting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- László Róbert Kolozsvári
- Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Bérczes
- Faculty of Informatics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - András Hajdu
- Faculty of Informatics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Rudolf Gesztelyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Tiba
- Faculty of Informatics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Imre Varga
- Faculty of Informatics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ala'a B Al-Tammemi
- Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gergő József Szőllősi
- Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Harsányi
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Health Systems Management and Quality Management in Health Care, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Garbóczy
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Psychiatry, Kenézy Hospital, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Judit Zsuga
- Department of Health Systems Management and Quality Management in Health Care, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Abstract
Objective To develop a psychometrically reliable instrument to assess psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic across Arab countries. Design The new instrument was developed through the review of relevant literature. We adapted multiple items from the following tools: The Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Social Phobia Inventory, Health Anxiety Inventory, Swine Influenza Anxiety Scale and the Arabic Scale of Death Anxiety to design our new assessment tool which is called COVID-19 Psychological Distress Scale (CPDS). For psychometric analyses and validation, we conducted a cross-sectional study that solicited data through a web-based survey using the newly developed CPDS. Setting and participants This validation study was conducted in four Arab countries, including Algeria, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Yemen. A total of 1337 participants from these countries have voluntarily responded to our survey questionnaire that included the newly developed scale. Results The final version of the CPDS comprised 12 items. Participants from Algeria (n=447), Kuwait (n=437), Saudi Arabia (n=160) and Yemen (n=293) have completed the 12-item CPDS. Exploratory factor analysis (used on the Algerian sample) suggested a two-factor structure of the CPDS. The two-factor structure was then supported by the confirmatory factor analysis with an independent sample. Additionally, Rasch analyses showed that all the items fit well in their embedded construct; only one item showed somewhat substantial differential item functioning across gender and country. Conclusion The 12-item CPDS was found to be measurement invariant across country and gender. The CPDS, with its promising psychometric properties, might help healthcare professionals to identify people with COVID-19-induced psychological distress.
Collapse
|