151
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Surana S, Villarroel‐Campos D, Lazo OM, Moretto E, Tosolini AP, Rhymes ER, Richter S, Sleigh JN, Schiavo G. The evolution of the axonal transport toolkit. Traffic 2019; 21:13-33. [DOI: 10.1111/tra.12710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunaina Surana
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College London London UK
| | - David Villarroel‐Campos
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College London London UK
| | - Oscar M. Lazo
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College London London UK
- UK Dementia Research InstituteUniversity College London London UK
| | - Edoardo Moretto
- UK Dementia Research InstituteUniversity College London London UK
| | - Andrew P. Tosolini
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College London London UK
| | - Elena R. Rhymes
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College London London UK
| | - Sandy Richter
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College London London UK
| | - James N. Sleigh
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College London London UK
- UK Dementia Research InstituteUniversity College London London UK
| | - Giampietro Schiavo
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College London London UK
- UK Dementia Research InstituteUniversity College London London UK
- Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision MedicineUniversity College London London UK
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152
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Li X, Shu K, Wang Z, Ding D. Prognostic significance of KIF2A and KIF20A expression in human cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e18040. [PMID: 31725680 PMCID: PMC6867763 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The kinesin family (KIF) is reported to be aberrantly expressed and significantly correlated with survival outcomes in patients with various cancers. This meta-analysis was carried out to quantitatively evaluate the prognostic values of partial KIF members in cancer patients. METHODS Two well-known KIF members, KIF2A and KIF20A, were investigated to evaluate their potential values as novel prognostic biomarkers in human cancer. A comprehensive literature search was carried out of the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases up to April 2019. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the association of KIF2A and KIF20A expression with overall survival (OS) and clinicopathological parameters. RESULTS Twenty-five studies involving 7262 patients were finally incorporated, including nine about KIF2A and sixteen about KIF20A. Our results indicated that patients with high expression of KIF2 and KIF20A tended to have shorter OS than those with low expression (HR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.87-2.65, P < .001; HR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.57-1.99, P < .001, respectively). Moreover, high expression of these 2 KIF members was significantly associated with advanced clinical stage (OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.57-2.50, P < .001; OR = 2.63, 95% CI: 2.03-3.41, P < .001, respectively), positive lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.65-3.27, P < .001; OR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.59-2.83, P < .001, respectively), and distant metastasis (OR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.21-3.99, P = .010; OR = 5.25, 95% CI: 2.82-9.77, P < .001, respectively); only high KIF20A expression was related to poor differentiation grade (OR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.09-3.07, P = .023). CONCLUSIONS High expression of KIF2 and KIF20A in human cancer was significantly correlated with worse prognosis and unfavorable clinicopathological features, suggesting that these 2 KIF members can be used as prognostic biomarkers for different types of tumors. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42019134928.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Kunpeng Shu
- Department of Urology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhifeng Wang
- Department of Urology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Degang Ding
- Department of Urology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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153
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Li B, Zhu FC, Yu SX, Liu SJ, Li BY. Suppression of KIF22 Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Xenograft Tumor Growth in Colon Cancer. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2019; 35:50-57. [PMID: 31657617 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Kinesin family member 22 (KIF22) is known as a regulator of cell mitosis and cellular vesicle transport. The alterations of KIF22 are associated with a series of tumors; however, its possible role in the progression of colon cancer is still unclear. Materials and Methods: This retrospective research collected 82 paired tissues with colon cancer. KIF22 protein and mRNA expression levels were detected by immunohistochemistry assays and Immunoblot assays, respectively. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) plasmids were used to suppress the expression of KIF22 in HCT116 and HT29 cells, and the silencing efficiencies of shRNA plasmids targeted KIF22 were detected by quantitative PCR assays and immunoblot assays. In addition, 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays and xenograft tumor growth assays were performed to observe cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Results: In human colon cancer tissues, the expression level of KIF22 was increased and correlated with clinical pathological features, including tumor stage and clinical stage (p = 0.034, and p = 0.015, respectively). Suppression of KIF22 inhibited cell proliferation and xenograft tumor growth. Conclusion: KIF22 might play an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation in colon cancer and might therefore serve as a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Tangxian People's Hospital in Hebei Province, Baoding, China
| | - Feng-Chi Zhu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Baoding Second Hospital, Baoding, China
| | - Su-Xiang Yu
- Department of Pathology, Tangxian People's Hospital in Hebei Province, Baoding, China
| | - Sheng-Jia Liu
- Medical Record Room, Tangxian People's Hospital in Hebei Province, Baoding, China
| | - Bao-Yu Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Secondary Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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154
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Sabharwal V, Koushika SP. Crowd Control: Effects of Physical Crowding on Cargo Movement in Healthy and Diseased Neurons. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:470. [PMID: 31708745 PMCID: PMC6823667 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
High concentration of cytoskeletal filaments, organelles, and proteins along with the space constraints due to the axon's narrow geometry lead inevitably to intracellular physical crowding along the axon of a neuron. Local cargo movement is essential for maintaining steady cargo transport in the axon, and this may be impeded by physical crowding. Molecular motors that mediate active transport share movement mechanisms that allow them to bypass physical crowding present on microtubule tracks. Many neurodegenerative diseases, irrespective of how they are initiated, show increased physical crowding owing to the greater number of stalled organelles and structural changes associated with the cytoskeleton. Increased physical crowding may be a significant factor in slowing cargo transport to synapses, contributing to disease progression and culminating in the dying back of the neuronal process. This review explores the idea that physical crowding can impede cargo movement along the neuronal process. We examine the sources of physical crowding and strategies used by molecular motors that might enable cargo to circumvent physically crowded locations. Finally, we describe sub-cellular changes in neurodegenerative diseases that may alter physical crowding and discuss the implications of such changes on cargo movement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandhya P. Koushika
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
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155
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Kinesin Family Member 18A (KIF18A) Contributes to the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2019:6383685. [PMID: 31772692 PMCID: PMC6854991 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6383685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective To determine the expression levels of KIF18A in lung adenocarcinoma and its relationship with the clinicopathologic features of patients undergoing radical colectomy and explore the potential role in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma. Methods Immunohistochemical assays were performed to explore the expression levels of KIF18A in 82 samples of lung adenocarcinoma and corresponding normal tissues. According to the levels of KIF18A expression in lung adenocarcinoma tissue samples, patients were classified into the KIF18A high expression group and low expression group. Clinical data related to the perioperative clinical features (age, gender, smoking, tumor size, differentiation, clinical stage, and lymph node metastasis), the potential correlation between KIF18A expression levels, and clinical features were analyzed, and the effects of KIF18A on lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were measured by colony formation assay, MTT assay, wound healing assay, and transwell assays. The possible effects of KIF18A on tumor growth and metastasis were measured in mice through tumor growth and tumor metastasis assays in vivo. Results KIF18A in lung adenocarcinoma tissues. Further, KIF18A was significantly associated to clinical characteristic features including the tumor size (P = 0.033) and clinical stage (P = 0.041) of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Our data also investigated that KIF18A depletion dramatically impairs the proliferation, migration, and invasion capacity of lung adenocarcinoma cells in vitro and inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in mice. Conclusions Our study reveals the involvement of KIF18A in the progression and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma and provides a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.
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156
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Kasuo Y, Kitahata H, Koyano Y, Takinoue M, Asakura K, Banno T. Start of Micrometer-Sized Oil Droplet Motion through Generation of Surfactants. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:13351-13355. [PMID: 31550892 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Self-propelled motion of micrometer-sized oil droplets in surfactant solution has drawn much attention as an example of nonlinear life-like dynamics under far-from-equilibrium conditions. The driving force of this motion is thought to be induced by Marangoni convection based on heterogeneity in the interfacial tension at the droplet surface. Here, to clarify the required conditions for the self-propelled motion of oil droplets, we have constructed a chemical system, where oil droplet motion is induced by the production of 1,2,3-triazole-containing surfactants through the Cu-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction. From the results of the visualization and analysis of flow fields around the droplet, the motion of the droplets could be attributed to the formation of flow fields, which achieved sufficient strength caused by the in situ production of surfactants at the droplet surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Kasuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology , Keio University , 3-14-1 Hiyoshi , Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522 , Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kitahata
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Yuki Koyano
- Department of Physics , Tohoku University , 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba , Aoba-ku, Miyagi 980-8578 , Japan
| | - Masahiro Takinoue
- Department of Computer Science , Tokyo Institute of Technology , 4259 Nagatsuta-cho , Midori-ku , Yokohama 226-8502 , Japan
| | - Kouichi Asakura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology , Keio University , 3-14-1 Hiyoshi , Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522 , Japan
| | - Taisuke Banno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology , Keio University , 3-14-1 Hiyoshi , Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522 , Japan
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157
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Shi XX, Guo SK, Wang PY, Chen H, Xie P. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations reveal how kinesin transits from one-head-bound to two-heads-bound state. Proteins 2019; 88:545-557. [PMID: 31589786 DOI: 10.1002/prot.25833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Kinesin dimer walks processively along a microtubule (MT) protofilament in a hand-over-hand manner, transiting alternately between one-head-bound (1HB) and two-heads-bound (2HB) states. In 1HB state, one head bound by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is detached from MT and the other head is bound to MT. Here, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations we determined the position and orientation of the detached ADP-head relative to the MT-bound head in 1HB state. We showed that in 1HB state when the MT-bound head is in ADP or nucleotide-free state, with its neck linker being undocked, the detached ADP-head and the MT-bound head have the high binding energy, and after adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binds to the MT-bound head, with its neck linker being docked, the binding energy between the two heads is reduced greatly. These results reveal how the kinesin dimer retains 1HB state before ATP binding and how the dimer transits from 1HB to 2HB state after ATP binding. Key residues involved in the head-head interaction in 1HB state were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xuan Shi
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Kao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-Ye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Energy Engineering, FoShan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Xie
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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158
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Farhana TI, Nakagawa T, Ohara S, Shintaku H, Kotera H, Yokokawa R. Spatial Patterning of Kinesin-1 and Dynein Motor Proteins in an In Vitro Assay using Aqueous Two-Phase Systems (ATPS). LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:13003-13010. [PMID: 31510745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Cooperativity of motor proteins is essential for intracellular transport. Although their motion is unidirectional, they often cause bidirectional movement by different types of motors as seen in organelles. However, in vitro assessments of such cellular functions are still inadequate owing to the experimental limitations in precisely patterning multiple motors. Here, we present an approach to immobilize two motor proteins, kinesin-1 and dynein, using the aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) made of poly(ethylene glycol) and dextran polymers. The negligible influence of polymer solutions on the attachment and velocity of motor proteins ensures the compatibility of using ATPS as the patterning technique. The selective fixation of kinesin and dynein was assessed using polarity-marked microtubules (PMMTs). Our experimental results show that on a patterned kinesin surface, 72% of PMMTs display minus-end leading motility, while on a dynein surface, 79% of PMMTs display plus-end leading motility. This work offers a universal and biocompatible method to pattern motor proteins of different classes at the nanoscale, providing a new route to study different cellular functions performed by molecular motors such as the formation of mitotic spindles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamanna Ishrat Farhana
- Department of Micro Engineering , Kyoto University , Kyoto Daigaku-Katsura , Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8540 , Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakagawa
- Department of Micro Engineering , Kyoto University , Kyoto Daigaku-Katsura , Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8540 , Japan
| | - Shumpei Ohara
- Department of Micro Engineering , Kyoto University , Kyoto Daigaku-Katsura , Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8540 , Japan
| | - Hirofumi Shintaku
- Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN , 2-1, Hirosawa , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
| | | | - Ryuji Yokokawa
- Department of Micro Engineering , Kyoto University , Kyoto Daigaku-Katsura , Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8540 , Japan
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159
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Xie P, Guo SK, Chen H. A Generalized Kinetic Model for Coupling between Stepping and ATP Hydrolysis of Kinesin Molecular Motors. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194911. [PMID: 31623357 PMCID: PMC6801755 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A general kinetic model is presented for the chemomechanical coupling of dimeric kinesin molecular motors with and without extension of their neck linkers (NLs). A peculiar feature of the model is that the rate constants of ATPase activity of a kinesin head are independent of the strain on its NL, implying that the heads of the wild-type kinesin dimer and the mutant with extension of its NLs have the same force-independent rate constants of the ATPase activity. Based on the model, an analytical theory is presented on the force dependence of the dynamics of kinesin dimers with and without extension of their NLs at saturating ATP. With only a few adjustable parameters, diverse available single molecule data on the dynamics of various kinesin dimers, such as wild-type kinesin-1, kinesin-1 with mutated residues in the NLs, kinesin-1 with extension of the NLs and wild-type kinesin-2, under varying force and ATP concentration, can be reproduced very well. Additionally, we compare the power production among different kinesin dimers, showing that the mutation in the NLs reduces the power production and the extension of the NLs further reduces the power production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xie
- School of Materials Science and Energy Engineering, FoShan University, Guangdong 528000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Si-Kao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Hong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Energy Engineering, FoShan University, Guangdong 528000, China.
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160
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Wang Y, Guan J, Di Trani JM, Auclair K, Mittermaier AK. Inhibition and Activation of Kinases by Reaction Products: A Reporter-Free Assay. Anal Chem 2019; 91:11803-11811. [PMID: 31426630 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Kinases are widely distributed in nature and are implicated in many human diseases. Thus, an understanding of their activity and regulation is of fundamental importance. Several kinases are known to be inhibited by ADP. However, thorough investigation of this phenomenon is hampered by the lack of a simple and effective assay for studying this inhibition. We now present a quick, general approach for measuring the effects of reaction products on kinase activity. The method, based on isothermal titration calorimetry, is the first universal, reporter-free, continuous assay for probing kinase inhibition or activation by ADP. In applications to an aminoglycoside phosphotransferase [APH(3')-IIIa] and pantothenate kinases from Escherichia coli (EcPanK) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PaPanK), we found ADP to be an efficient inhibitor of all three kinases, with inhibition constant (Ki) values similar to or lower than the Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) values of ATP. Interestingly, ADP was an activator at low concentrations and an inhibitor at high concentrations for EcPanK. This unusual effect was quantitatively modeled and attributed to cooperative interactions between the two subunits of the dimeric enzyme. Importantly, our results suggest that, at typical bacterial intracellular concentrations of ATP and ADP (approximately 1.5 mM and 180 μM, respectively), all three kinases are partially inhibited by ADP, allowing enzyme activity to rapidly respond to changes in the levels of both metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Department of Chemistry , McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West , Montreal , Quebec , Canada H3A 0B8
| | - Jinming Guan
- Department of Chemistry , McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West , Montreal , Quebec , Canada H3A 0B8
| | - Justin M Di Trani
- Department of Chemistry , McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West , Montreal , Quebec , Canada H3A 0B8
| | - Karine Auclair
- Department of Chemistry , McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West , Montreal , Quebec , Canada H3A 0B8
| | - Anthony K Mittermaier
- Department of Chemistry , McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West , Montreal , Quebec , Canada H3A 0B8
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161
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Albert L, Vázquez O. Photoswitchable peptides for spatiotemporal control of biological functions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:10192-10213. [PMID: 31411602 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03346g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Light is unsurpassed in its ability to modulate biological interactions. Since their discovery, chemists have been fascinated by photosensitive molecules capable of switching between isomeric forms, known as photoswitches. Photoswitchable peptides have been recognized for many years; however, their functional implementation in biological systems has only recently been achieved. Peptides are now acknowledged as excellent protein-protein interaction modulators and have been important in the emergence of photopharmacology. In this review, we briefly explain the different classes of photoswitches and summarize structural studies when they are incorporated into peptides. Importantly, we provide a detailed overview of the rapidly increasing number of examples, where biological modulation is driven by the structural changes. Furthermore, we discuss some of the remaining challenges faced in this field. These exciting proof-of-principle studies highlight the tremendous potential of photocontrollable peptides as optochemical tools for chemical biology and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Albert
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
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162
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Disease-associated mutations hyperactivate KIF1A motility and anterograde axonal transport of synaptic vesicle precursors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:18429-18434. [PMID: 31455732 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1905690116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
KIF1A is a kinesin family motor involved in the axonal transport of synaptic vesicle precursors (SVPs) along microtubules (MTs). In humans, more than 10 point mutations in KIF1A are associated with the motor neuron disease hereditary spastic paraplegia (SPG). However, not all of these mutations appear to inhibit the motility of the KIF1A motor, and thus a cogent molecular explanation for how KIF1A mutations lead to neuropathy is not available. In this study, we established in vitro motility assays with purified full-length human KIF1A and found that KIF1A mutations associated with the hereditary SPG lead to hyperactivation of KIF1A motility. Introduction of the corresponding mutations into the Caenorhabditis elegans KIF1A homolog unc-104 revealed abnormal accumulation of SVPs at the tips of axons and increased anterograde axonal transport of SVPs. Our data reveal that hyperactivation of kinesin motor activity, rather than its loss of function, is a cause of motor neuron disease in humans.
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163
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Hasan MS, Wu X, Zhang L. Uncovering missed indels by leveraging unmapped reads. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11093. [PMID: 31366961 PMCID: PMC6668410 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47405-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In current practice, Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) applications start with mapping/aligning short reads to the reference genome, with the aim of identifying genetic variants. Although existing alignment tools have shown great accuracy in mapping short reads to the reference genome, a significant number of short reads still remain unmapped and are often excluded from downstream analyses thereby causing nonnegligible information loss in the subsequent variant calling procedure. This paper describes Genesis-indel, a computational pipeline that explores the unmapped reads to identify novel indels that are initially missed in the original procedure. Genesis-indel is applied to the unmapped reads of 30 breast cancer patients from TCGA. Results show that the unmapped reads are conserved between the two subtypes of breast cancer investigated in this study and might contribute to the divergence between the subtypes. Genesis-indel identifies 72,997 novel high-quality indels previously not found, among which 16,141 have not been annotated in the widely used mutation database. Statistical analysis of these indels shows significant enrichment of indels residing in oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes. Functional annotation further reveals that these indels are strongly correlated with pathways of cancer and can have high to moderate impact on protein functions. Additionally, some of the indels overlap with the genes that do not have any indel mutations called from the originally mapped reads but have been shown to contribute to the tumorigenesis in multiple carcinomas, further emphasizing the importance of rescuing indels hidden in the unmapped reads in cancer and disease studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- Department of Statistics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Liqing Zhang
- Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
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164
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Zamponi E, Pigino GF. Protein Misfolding, Signaling Abnormalities and Altered Fast Axonal Transport: Implications for Alzheimer and Prion Diseases. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:350. [PMID: 31417367 PMCID: PMC6683957 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Histopathological studies revealed that progressive neuropathies including Alzheimer, and Prion diseases among others, include accumulations of misfolded proteins intracellularly, extracellularly, or both. Experimental evidence suggests that among the accumulated misfolded proteins, small soluble oligomeric conformers represent the most neurotoxic species. Concomitant phenomena shared by different protein misfolding diseases includes alterations in phosphorylation-based signaling pathways synaptic dysfunction, and axonal pathology, but mechanisms linking these pathogenic features to aggregated neuropathogenic proteins remain unknown. Relevant to this issue, results from recent work revealed inhibition of fast axonal transport (AT) as a novel toxic effect elicited by oligomeric forms of amyloid beta and cellular prion protein PrPC, signature pathological proteins associated with Alzheimer and Prion diseases, respectively. Interestingly, the toxic effect of these oligomers was fully prevented by pharmacological inhibitors of casein kinase 2 (CK2), a remarkable discovery with major implications for the development of pharmacological target-driven therapeutic intervention for Alzheimer and Prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Zamponi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Gustavo F Pigino
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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KIFC1 is activated by TCF-4 and promotes hepatocellular carcinoma pathogenesis by regulating HMGA1 transcriptional activity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:329. [PMID: 31340839 PMCID: PMC6657086 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1331-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Kinesins play important roles in the development and progression of many human cancers. The functions and underlying mechanisms of kinesin family member C1 (KIFC1), a member of the kinesin-14 family, in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been fully elucidated. Methods In this study, 168 HCC samples were first analyzed to examine the association between KIFC1 expression and patient clinicopathological features and prognosis. The role of KIFC1 in HCC cell proliferation and metastasis was investigated both in vivo and in vitro. The upstream regulation and downstream targets of KIFC1 were studied by qRT-PCR, western blotting, coimmunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and dual-luciferase reporter assays. Results KIFC1 was highly expressed in HCC tissues and positively associated with advanced stages and poor prognosis. KIFC1 knockdown suppressed HCC cell proliferation and invasion both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, KIFC1 knockdown decreased invadopodia formation and reduced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). HMGA1, an architectural transcriptional factor, was identified to interact with KIFC1. HMGA1 could bind to the promoters of Stat3, MMP2 and EMT-related genes and promote gene transcription. KIFC1 enhanced HMGA1 transcriptional activity and facilitated HCC proliferation and invasion. Moreover, KIFC1 was activated by TCF-4, and KIFC1 inhibition enhanced HCC cell sensitivity to paclitaxel. Conclusions Our findings suggest that KIFC1, activated by TCF-4, functions as an oncogene and promotes HCC pathogenesis through regulating HMGA1 transcriptional activity and that KIFC1 is a potential therapeutic target to enhance the paclitaxel sensitivity of HCC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1331-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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166
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Guo SK, Shi XX, Wang PY, Xie P. Force dependence of unbinding rate of kinesin motor during its processive movement on microtubule. Biophys Chem 2019; 253:106216. [PMID: 31288174 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2019.106216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Kinesin is a biological molecular motor that can move continuously on microtubule until it unbinds. Here, we studied computationally the force dependence of the unbinding rate of the motor. Our results showed that while the unbinding rate under the forward load has the expected characteristic of "slip bond", with the unbinding rate increasing monotonically with the increase of the forward load, the unbinding rate under the backward load shows counterintuitive characteristic of "slip-catch-slip bond": as the backward load increases, the unbinding rate increases exponentially firstly, then drops rapidly and then increases again. Our calculated data are in agreement with the available single-molecule data from different research groups. The mechanism of the slip-catch-slip bond was revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Kao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China; School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China; School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng-Ye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China; School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ping Xie
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China; School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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167
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Pause of the target gliding microtuble on the virtual cathode. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:821-825. [PMID: 31079919 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We report the transient response of gliding microtubules on a virtual cathode. In vivo activities, microtubule-kinesin systems are known to act as motor proteins with respect to cell motility cytokinesis and cellular transport by hydrolyzing ATP molecules. With development of in vitro assays, motor proteins have been attracting much attention as a key component for highly efficient nano-transportation systems. The molecular functions based on structural states are affected by changing the ionic condition of the molecular functions and by changing the electrical field in solution because of electrical charges of the molecules. The virtual cathode, which was generated on the SiN display surface by a low energy electron beam, locally induced electrochemical reactions and electric field around the targeted molecules on the display surface, and then the gliding motions of the targeted microtubules were regulated. In this study, we demonstrated that the virtual cathode display temporally stops a selected gliding microtubule by only applying the virtual cathode to the microtubule. The pause mode of the microtubule was easily canceled by simply turning the virtual cathode off, and then the gliding motion was restarted.
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168
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Huang Y, Wang H, Huang X, Wang Q, Wang J, An D, Li J, Wang W, Wu Y. Maize VKS1 Regulates Mitosis and Cytokinesis During Early Endosperm Development. THE PLANT CELL 2019; 31:1238-1256. [PMID: 30962394 PMCID: PMC6588315 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.18.00966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Cell number is a critical factor that determines kernel size in maize (Zea mays). Rapid mitotic divisions in early endosperm development produce most of the cells that make up the starchy endosperm; however, the mechanisms underlying early endosperm development remain largely unknown. We isolated a maize mutant that shows a varied-kernel-size phenotype (vks1). Vks1 encodes ZmKIN11, which belongs to the kinesin-14 subfamily and is predominantly expressed in early endosperm development. VKS1 dynamically localizes to the nucleus and microtubules and plays key roles in the migration of free nuclei in the coenocyte as well as in mitosis and cytokinesis in early mitotic divisions. Absence of VKS1 has relatively minor effects on plants but causes deformities in spindle assembly, sister chromatid separation, and phragmoplast formation in early endosperm development, thereby resulting in reduced cell proliferation. Severities of aberrant mitosis and cytokinesis within individual vks1 endosperms differ, thereby resulting in varied kernel sizes. Our discovery highlights VKS1 as a central regulator of mitosis in early maize endosperm development and provides a potential approach for future yield improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongcai Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haihai Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xing Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiechen Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dong An
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiqin Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenqin Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yongrui Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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169
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Škugor M, Valero J, Murayama K, Centola M, Asanuma H, Famulok M. Orthogonally Photocontrolled Non‐Autonomous DNA Walker. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:6948-6951. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marko Škugor
- LIMES Chemical Biology UnitUniversität Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Julián Valero
- LIMES Chemical Biology UnitUniversität Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
- Max-Planck-Fellow Chemische BiologieCenter of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar) Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2 53175 Bonn Germany
| | - Keiji Murayama
- Department of Biomolecular EngineeringGraduate School of EngineeringNagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Mathias Centola
- LIMES Chemical Biology UnitUniversität Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Hiroyuki Asanuma
- Department of Biomolecular EngineeringGraduate School of EngineeringNagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Michael Famulok
- LIMES Chemical Biology UnitUniversität Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
- Max-Planck-Fellow Chemische BiologieCenter of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar) Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2 53175 Bonn Germany
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170
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Hu G, Yan Z, Zhang C, Cheng M, Yan Y, Wang Y, Deng L, Lu Q, Luo S. FOXM1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by regulating KIF4A expression. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:188. [PMID: 31072351 PMCID: PMC6507024 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1202-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) is a proliferation-associated transcription factor of the forkhead box proteins superfamily, which includes four isoforms FOXM1a, b, c, and d. FOXM1 has been implicated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we aim to clarify the molecular basis for FOXM1-mediated HCC progression. METHODS Bioinformatic analysis was used to explore the differentially expressed genes predicting HCC proliferation. The expression of FOXM1 and kinesin family member (KIF)4A was confirmed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry in HCC tissues. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was conducted to analyze the clinical impact of FOXM1 and KIF4A on HCC. The effect of FOXM1 on the regulation of KIF4A expression was studied in cell biology experiments. The interaction between KIF4A and FOXM1 was analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase experiments. A series of experiments was performed to explore the functions of FOXM1/KIF4A in HCC progression, such as cell proliferation, cell growth, cell viability, and cell cycle. A xenograft mouse model was used to explore the regulatory effect of FOXM1-KIF4A axis on HCC tumor growth. RESULTS FOXM1 and KIF4A were overexpressed in human primary HCC tissues compared to that in matched adjacent normal liver tissue and are significant risk factors for HCC recurrence and shorter survival. We found that KIF4A was dominantly regulated by FOXM1c among the four isoforms, and further identified KIF4A as a direct downstream target of FOXM1c. Inhibiting FOXM1 decreased KIF4A expression in HCC cells, whereas its overexpression had the opposite effect. FOXM1-induced HCC cell proliferation was dependent on elevated KIF4A expression as KIF4A knockdown abolished FOXM1-induced proliferation of HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION The FOXM1-KIF4A axis mediates human HCC progression and is a potential therapeutic target for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Hu
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhengwei Yan
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Minzhang Cheng
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yehong Yan
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yiting Wang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Libin Deng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Quqin Lu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shiwen Luo
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China. .,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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171
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Single-molecule in vitro reconstitution assay for kinesin-1-driven membrane dynamics. Biophys Rev 2019; 11:319-325. [PMID: 31055762 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-019-00531-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular membrane dynamics, especially the nano-tube formation, plays important roles in vesicle transportation and organelle biogenesis. Regarding the regulation mechanisms, it is well known that during the nano-tube formation, motor proteins act as the driven force moving along the cytoskeleton, lipid composition and its associated proteins serve as the linkers and key mediators, and the vesicle sizes play as one of the important regulators. In this review, we summarized the in vitro reconstitution assay method, which has been applied to reconstitute the nano-tube dynamics during autophagic lysosomal regeneration (ALR) and the morphology dynamics during mitochondria network formation (MNF) in a mimic and pure in vitro system. Combined with the single-molecule microscopy, the advantage of the in vitro reconstitution system is to study the key questions at a single-molecule or single-vesicle level with precisely tuned parameters and conditions, such as the motor mutation, ion concentration, lipid component, ATP/GTP concentration, and even in vitro protein knockout, which cannot easily be achieved by in vivo or intracellular studies.
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172
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Amrutha AS, Sunil Kumar KR, Tamaoki N. Azobenzene‐Based Photoswitches Facilitating Reversible Regulation of Kinesin and Myosin Motor Systems for Nanotechnological Applications. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201900037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ammathnadu S. Amrutha
- Research Institute for Electronic ScienceHokkaido University Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 001-0020 Japan
| | - K. R. Sunil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and BiotechnologySchool of EngineeringThe University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tamaoki
- Research Institute for Electronic ScienceHokkaido University Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 001-0020 Japan
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173
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Identification of KIF11 As a Novel Target in Meningioma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040545. [PMID: 30991738 PMCID: PMC6521001 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinesins play an important role in many physiological functions including intracellular vesicle transport and mitosis. The emerging role of kinesins in different cancers led us to investigate the expression and functional role of kinesins in meningioma. Therefore, we re-analyzed our previous microarray dataset of benign, atypical, and anaplastic meningiomas (n = 62) and got evidence for differential expression of five kinesins (KIFC1, KIF4A, KIF11, KIF14 and KIF20A). Further validation in an extended study sample (n = 208) revealed a significant upregulation of these genes in WHO°I to °III meningiomas (WHO°I n = 61, WHO°II n = 88, and WHO°III n = 59), which was most pronounced in clinically more aggressive tumors of the same WHO grade. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed a WHO grade-associated upregulated protein expression in meningioma tissues. Furthermore, high mRNA expression levels of KIFC1, KIF11, KIF14 and KIF20A were associated with shorter progression-free survival. On a functional level, knockdown of kinesins in Ben-Men-1 cells and in the newly established anaplastic meningioma cell line NCH93 resulted in a significantly inhibited tumor cell proliferation upon siRNA-mediated downregulation of KIF11 in both cell lines by up to 95% and 71%, respectively. Taken together, in this study we were able to identify the prognostic and functional role of several kinesin family members of which KIF11 exhibits the most promising properties as a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target, which may offer new treatment options for aggressive meningiomas.
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174
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Škugor M, Valero J, Murayama K, Centola M, Asanuma H, Famulok M. Orthogonally Photocontrolled Non‐Autonomous DNA Walker. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201901272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marko Škugor
- LIMES Chemical Biology UnitUniversität Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Julián Valero
- LIMES Chemical Biology UnitUniversität Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
- Max-Planck-Fellow Chemische BiologieCenter of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar) Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2 53175 Bonn Germany
| | - Keiji Murayama
- Department of Biomolecular EngineeringGraduate School of EngineeringNagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Mathias Centola
- LIMES Chemical Biology UnitUniversität Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Hiroyuki Asanuma
- Department of Biomolecular EngineeringGraduate School of EngineeringNagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Michael Famulok
- LIMES Chemical Biology UnitUniversität Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
- Max-Planck-Fellow Chemische BiologieCenter of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar) Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2 53175 Bonn Germany
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175
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Fu YB, Guo SK, Wang PY, Xie P. Dynamics of cooperative cargo transport by two elastically coupled kinesin motors. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2019; 42:41. [PMID: 30927108 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2019-11801-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular transport is performed often by multiple motor proteins bound to the same cargo. Here, we study theoretically collective transport of the cargo by two kinesin motors. We propose that the motor has only the elastic interaction with the cargo via the linker connecting them and has no interaction with another motor. With parameters values for single motors from the available single-molecule data, we show that at linker's elastic strength [Formula: see text] pN/nm the theoretical data of both velocity and run length of the two-motor assembly under no load are identical to the available experimental data. The run length distribution is single exponential. The single-motor-bound state of the assembly dominates the transport. Both the force dependence of the velocity of the cargo driven by single load-bearing motor and that by two load-bearing motors in the assembly are consistent with the experimental data. The stall force of the assembly is larger than the sum of stall forces of two uncoupled motors. Moreover, we predict that the stall force increases with the increase of K and becomes saturated at large K, with the saturated value being 1.5-fold larger than the sum of stall forces of the two uncoupled motors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ben Fu
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Kao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-Ye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Xie
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
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176
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Le NQK, Yapp EKY, Ou YY, Yeh HY. iMotor-CNN: Identifying molecular functions of cytoskeleton motor proteins using 2D convolutional neural network via Chou's 5-step rule. Anal Biochem 2019; 575:17-26. [PMID: 30930199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Motor proteins are the driving force behind muscle contraction and are responsible for the active transportation of most proteins and vesicles in the cytoplasm. There are three superfamilies of cytoskeletal motor proteins with various molecular functions and structures: dynein, kinesin, and myosin. The functional loss of a specific motor protein molecular function has linked to a variety of human diseases, e.g., Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, kidney disease. Therefore, creating a precise model to classify motor proteins is essential for helping biologists understand their molecular functions and design drug targets according to their impact on human diseases. Here we attempt to classify cytoskeleton motor proteins using deep learning, which has been increasingly and widely used to address numerous problems in a variety of fields resulting in state-of-the-art results. Our effective deep convolutional neural network is able to achieve an independent test accuracy of 97.5%, 96.4%, and 96.1% for each superfamily, respectively. Compared to other state-of-the-art methods, our approach showed a significant improvement in performance across a range of evaluation metrics. Through the proposed study, we provide an effective model for classifying motor proteins and a basis for further research that can enhance the performance of protein function classification using deep learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Quoc Khanh Le
- Medical Humanities Research Cluster, School of Humanities, Nanyang Technological University, 48 Nanyang Ave, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Edward Kien Yee Yapp
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-04, Innovis, 138634, Singapore
| | - Yu-Yen Ou
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Yuan Ze University, 32003, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yuan Yeh
- Medical Humanities Research Cluster, School of Humanities, Nanyang Technological University, 48 Nanyang Ave, 639798, Singapore.
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177
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Islam MJ, Matsuo K, Menezes HM, Takahashi M, Nakagawa H, Kakugo A, Sada K, Tamaoki N. Substrate selectivity and its mechanistic insight of the photo-responsive non-nucleoside triphosphate for myosin and kinesin. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:53-65. [PMID: 30534753 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02714e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Linear motor proteins including kinesin and myosin are promising biomaterials for developing nano-devices. Photoswitchable substrates of these biomotors can be used to optically regulate the motility of their associated cytoskeletal filaments in in vitro systems. Here, we describe the discovery of the myosin selective azobenzene-tethered triphosphate. It enables the specific photocontrol over myosin in a reversible mode with the composite motility assay composed of both kinesin and myosin. The mechanistic insight into this myosin selectivity is also explained with the docking simulation study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jahirul Islam
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Japan.
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178
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Wang Y, de Kruijff RM, Lovrak M, Guo X, Eelkema R, van Esch JH. Access to Metastable Gel States Using Seeded Self‐Assembly of Low‐Molecular‐Weight Gelators. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3800-3803. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Wang
- Department of Chemical EngineeringDelft University of Technology van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
| | - Robin M. de Kruijff
- Radiation Science and TechnologyDelft University of Technology Mekelweg 15 2629 JB Delft The Netherlands
| | - Matija Lovrak
- Department of Chemical EngineeringDelft University of Technology van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
| | - Xuhong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road 130 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Rienk Eelkema
- Department of Chemical EngineeringDelft University of Technology van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
| | - Jan H. van Esch
- Department of Chemical EngineeringDelft University of Technology van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
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179
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Stochastic modeling reveals how motor protein and filament properties affect intermediate filament transport. J Theor Biol 2019; 464:132-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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180
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Wang Y, de Kruijff RM, Lovrak M, Guo X, Eelkema R, van Esch JH. Access to Metastable Gel States Using Seeded Self‐Assembly of Low‐Molecular‐Weight Gelators. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Wang
- Department of Chemical EngineeringDelft University of Technology van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
| | - Robin M. de Kruijff
- Radiation Science and TechnologyDelft University of Technology Mekelweg 15 2629 JB Delft The Netherlands
| | - Matija Lovrak
- Department of Chemical EngineeringDelft University of Technology van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
| | - Xuhong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road 130 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Rienk Eelkema
- Department of Chemical EngineeringDelft University of Technology van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
| | - Jan H. van Esch
- Department of Chemical EngineeringDelft University of Technology van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
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181
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Cromberg LE, Saez TMM, Otero MG, Tomasella E, Alloatti M, Damianich A, Pozo Devoto V, Ferrario J, Gelman D, Rubinstein M, Falzone TL. Neuronal
KIF
5b
deletion induces
striatum
‐dependent locomotor impairments and defects in membrane presentation of dopamine D2 receptors. J Neurochem 2019; 149:362-380. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas E. Cromberg
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias IBCN (CONICET‐UBA) Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Trinidad M. M. Saez
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias IBCN (CONICET‐UBA) Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental IBYME (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - María G. Otero
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias IBCN (CONICET‐UBA) Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Eugenia Tomasella
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental IBYME (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Matías Alloatti
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias IBCN (CONICET‐UBA) Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Ana Damianich
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas ININFA, (CONICET‐UBA) Buenos Aires Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular INGEBI (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Victorio Pozo Devoto
- Center for Translational Medicine (CTM) International Clinical Research Center St. Anne's University Hospital (ICRC‐FNUSA) Brno Czech Republic
| | - Juan Ferrario
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas ININFA, (CONICET‐UBA) Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Diego Gelman
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental IBYME (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Marcelo Rubinstein
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular INGEBI (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Tomás L. Falzone
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias IBCN (CONICET‐UBA) Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental IBYME (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
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182
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Abstract
Active intracellular transport of organelles relies on the coordinated activities of cytoplasmic dynein and kinesin, ATP-dependent microtubule motor proteins. While axonemal dynein was discovered during the mid-1960s, it was not until the mid-1980s that kinesin was discovered by Ron Vale and colleagues, as reported in 1985. Their research demonstrated that the newly identified protein, isolated from both squid axoplasm and bovine brain, was independently capable of driving microtubule gliding or organelle movement. These findings kicked off rapid progress in the fields of physiology and neuroscience, leading to the identification of the many members of the extended kinesin superfamily, as well as detailed explorations of their biophysical properties, cellular mechanisms of action, and roles in disease.
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183
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Liang YJ, Yang WX. Kinesins in MAPK cascade: How kinesin motors are involved in the MAPK pathway? Gene 2019; 684:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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184
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Vendel KJA, Tschirpke S, Shamsi F, Dogterom M, Laan L. Minimal in vitro systems shed light on cell polarity. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:132/4/jcs217554. [PMID: 30700498 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.217554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell polarity - the morphological and functional differentiation of cellular compartments in a directional manner - is required for processes such as orientation of cell division, directed cellular growth and motility. How the interplay of components within the complexity of a cell leads to cell polarity is still heavily debated. In this Review, we focus on one specific aspect of cell polarity: the non-uniform accumulation of proteins on the cell membrane. In cells, this is achieved through reaction-diffusion and/or cytoskeleton-based mechanisms. In reaction-diffusion systems, components are transformed into each other by chemical reactions and are moving through space by diffusion. In cytoskeleton-based processes, cellular components (i.e. proteins) are actively transported by microtubules (MTs) and actin filaments to specific locations in the cell. We examine how minimal systems - in vitro reconstitutions of a particular cellular function with a minimal number of components - are designed, how they contribute to our understanding of cell polarity (i.e. protein accumulation), and how they complement in vivo investigations. We start by discussing the Min protein system from Escherichia coli, which represents a reaction-diffusion system with a well-established minimal system. This is followed by a discussion of MT-based directed transport for cell polarity markers as an example of a cytoskeleton-based mechanism. To conclude, we discuss, as an example, the interplay of reaction-diffusion and cytoskeleton-based mechanisms during polarity establishment in budding yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim J A Vendel
- Bionanoscience Department, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2600 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie Tschirpke
- Bionanoscience Department, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2600 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Fayezeh Shamsi
- Bionanoscience Department, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2600 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Marileen Dogterom
- Bionanoscience Department, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2600 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Liedewij Laan
- Bionanoscience Department, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2600 GA, The Netherlands
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185
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Wang Z, Jiang S, Cao J, Liu K, Xu S, Arfat Y, Guo Q, Chang H, Goswami N, Hinghofer‐Szalkay H, Gao Y. Novel findings on ultrastructural protection of skeletal muscle fibers during hibernation of Daurian ground squirrels: Mitochondria, nuclei, cytoskeleton, glycogen. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:13318-13331. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Shan‐Feng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an Shaanxi People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Kun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Shen‐Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Yasir Arfat
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Quan‐Ling Guo
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Hui Chang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Nandu Goswami
- Physiology Unit, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz Graz Austria
| | - Helmut Hinghofer‐Szalkay
- Physiology Unit, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz Graz Austria
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186
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Liu X, Chen Y, Li Y, Petersen RB, Huang K. Targeting mitosis exit: A brake for cancer cell proliferation. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2019; 1871:179-191. [PMID: 30611728 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The transition from mitosis to interphase, referred to as mitotic exit, is a critical mitotic process which involves activation and inactivation of multiple mitotic kinases and counteracting protein phosphatases. Loss of mitotic exit checkpoints is a common feature of cancer cells, leading to mitotic dysregulation and confers cancer cells with oncogenic characteristics, such as aberrant proliferation and microtubule-targeting agent (MTA) resistance. Since MTA resistance results from cancer cells prematurely exiting mitosis (mitotic slippage), blocking mitotic exit is believed to be a promising anticancer strategy. Moreover, based on this theory, simultaneous inhibition of mitotic exit and additional cell cycle phases would likely achieve synergistic antitumor effects. In this review, we divide the molecular regulators of mitotic exit into four categories based on their different regulatory functions: 1) the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C, a ubiquitin ligase), 2) cyclin B, 3) mitotic kinases and phosphatases, 4) kinesins and microtubule-binding proteins. We also review the regulators of mitotic exit and propose prospective anticancer strategies targeting mitotic exit, including their strengths and possible challenges to their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Liu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yuchen Chen
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yangkai Li
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Robert B Petersen
- Foundational Sciences, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48858, USA
| | - Kun Huang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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187
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Taylor RD, Heine M, Emptage NJ, Andreae LC. Neuronal Receptors Display Cytoskeleton-Independent Directed Motion on the Plasma Membrane. iScience 2018; 10:234-244. [PMID: 30557785 PMCID: PMC6297241 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Directed transport of transmembrane proteins is generally believed to occur via intracellular transport vesicles. However, using single-particle tracking in rat hippocampal neurons with a pH-sensitive quantum dot probe that specifically reports surface movement of receptors, we have identified a subpopulation of neuronal EphB2 receptors that exhibit directed motion between synapses within the plasma membrane itself. This receptor movement occurs independently of the cytoskeleton but is dependent on cholesterol and is regulated by neuronal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth D Taylor
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK; MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Martin Heine
- Leibniz Institute of Neurobiology, Research Group Molecular Physiology, Brenneckestrasse 6, Magdeburg 39118, Germany; Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Universitätsplatz 2, Magdeburg 39106, Germany; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Institute for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, AG Funktional Neurobiology, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch Weg 15, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Nigel J Emptage
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK.
| | - Laura C Andreae
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK; MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK.
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188
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Malleable folding of coiled-coils regulates kinesin-3 dimerization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:12845-12847. [PMID: 30530652 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1818758115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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189
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Xie P, Guo SK, Chen H. ATP-Concentration- and Force-Dependent Chemomechanical Coupling of Kinesin Molecular Motors. J Chem Inf Model 2018; 59:360-372. [PMID: 30500195 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.8b00577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A model is presented for the chemomechanical coupling of kinesin motors, which proposes that the rate constants of the chemical reaction are independent of the external force. On the basis of the model, we study theoretically the movement dynamics of the motors under varying external force and ATP concentration, such as the forward to backward stepping ratio, velocity, dwell time between two mechanical steps, stall force, and so on. The theoretical results reproduce quantitatively the diverse and even contradictory available single-molecule experimental data for different species of the motors. Furthermore, we study the dependence of the chemomechanical coupling ratio on ATP concentration and external force, with both ATP concentration and external force having large effects on the chemomechanical coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xie
- School of Materials Science and Energy Engineering , FoShan University , Guangdong , 528000 , China.,Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics , Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Si-Kao Guo
- School of Materials Science and Energy Engineering , FoShan University , Guangdong , 528000 , China.,Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics , Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Hong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Energy Engineering , FoShan University , Guangdong , 528000 , China
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190
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Shimizu Y, Togawa T, Chaen S. Possible cold-adaptation for the fungal kinesin in compensation for thermal stability acquired by single amino acid substitution. J Biochem 2018; 165:353-359. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvy109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The amino acid sequence of the motor domain of AnKinA, kinesin-1 from Aspergillus nidulans, growing optimally at 37°C, was compared with that of SbKin1, kinesin-1 from the snow mold Sclerotinia borealis. For cold-adaptation, some enzymes are thought to exhibit augmented protein structure flexibility, acquired most effectively by substituting a glycine residue for another amino acid residue. By the comparison described above, two glycine residues proximal to tightly bound ADP were identified in the SbKin1 motor domain, of which the corresponding residues of AnKinA were non-glycine ones (P60 and S323). We made AnKinA recombinant kinesin (AnKinA-WT (WT)) along with P60G and S323G mutants. From the basal ATPase activity (without microtubules), these kinesins showed similar characteristics in activation energies, while deviation from the linearity of the ATPase activity time-course was detected at 34°C for WT and P60G but at 24°C for S323G. The microtubule translocation velocity of WT, P60G or S323G exhibited an activation energy of 60, 58 or 53 kJ/mol, respectively; for S323G, the activation energy was lower and the velocity at low temperatures was higher than those for the other two. These results suggest that the point mutation S323G would offer possible cold-adaptation in compensation for thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youské Shimizu
- Department of Biosciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University, 3-25-40 Sakurajosui, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Togawa
- Department of Biosciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University, 3-25-40 Sakurajosui, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Chaen
- Department of Biosciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University, 3-25-40 Sakurajosui, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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191
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Pollard TD. Evolution of research on cellular motility over five decades. Biophys Rev 2018; 10:1503-1508. [PMID: 30377975 PMCID: PMC6297086 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-018-0473-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This short review traces how our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of cellular movements originated and developed over the past 50 years. Work on actin-based and microtubule-based movements developed in different ways, but in both fields, the discovery of the key proteins drove progress. Starting from an inventory of zero molecules in 1960, both fields matured spectacularly, so we now know the atomic structures of the important proteins, understand the kinetics and thermodynamics of their interactions, have documented how the molecules behave in cells, and can test theories with molecularly explicit computer simulations of cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D Pollard
- Departments of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, PO Box 208103, New Haven, CT, 06520-8103, USA.
- Departments of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, PO Box 208103, New Haven, CT, 06520-8103, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University, PO Box 208103, New Haven, CT, 06520-8103, USA.
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192
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Kinesin Family of Proteins Kif11 and Kif21B Act as Inhibitory Constraints of Excitatory Synaptic Transmission Through Distinct Mechanisms. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17419. [PMID: 30479371 PMCID: PMC6258692 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35634-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite our understanding of the functions of the kinesin family of motor proteins (Kifs) in neurons, their specific roles in neuronal communication are less understood. To address this, by carrying out RNAi-mediated loss of function studies, we assessed the necessity of 18 Kifs in excitatory synaptic transmission in mouse primary hippocampal neurons prepared from both sexes. Our measurements of excitatory post-synaptic currents (EPSCs) have identified 7 Kifs that were found to be not critical and 11 Kifs that are essential for synaptic transmission by impacting either frequency or amplitude or both components of EPSCs. Intriguingly we found that knockdown of mitotic Kif4A and Kif11 and post-mitotic Kif21B resulted in an increase in EPSCs suggesting that they function as inhibitory constraints on synaptic transmission. Furthermore, Kifs (11, 21B, 13B) with distinct effects on synaptic transmission are expressed in the same hippocampal neuron. Mechanistically, unlike Kif21B, Kif11 requires the activity of pre-synaptic NMDARs. In addition, we find that Kif11 knockdown enhanced dendritic arborization, synapse number, expression of synaptic vesicle proteins synaptophysin and active zone protein Piccolo. Moreover, expression of Piccolo constrained Kif11 function in synaptic transmission. Together these results suggest that neurons are able to utilize specific Kifs as tools for calibrating synaptic function. These studies bring novel insights into the biology of Kifs and functioning of neural circuits.
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193
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Lee SE, Schulze K, Stewart CP, Cole RN, Wu LSF, Eroglu A, Yager JD, Groopman J, Christian P, West KP. Plasma proteome correlates of lipid and lipoprotein: biomarkers of metabolic diversity and inflammation in children of rural Nepal. J Lipid Res 2018; 60:149-160. [PMID: 30473544 PMCID: PMC6314253 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p088542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins involved in lipoprotein metabolism can modulate cardiovascular health. While often measured to assess adult metabolic diseases, little is known about the proteomes of lipoproteins and their relation to metabolic dysregulation and underlying inflammation in undernourished child populations. The objective of this population study was to globally characterize plasma proteins systemically associated with HDL, LDL, and triglycerides in 500 Nepalese children. Abnormal lipid profiles characterized by elevated plasma triglycerides and low HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations were common, especially in children with subclinical inflammation. Among 982 proteins analyzed, the relative abundance of 11, 12, and 52 plasma proteins was correlated with LDL-cholesterol (r = −0.43∼0.70), triglycerides (r = −0.39∼0.53), and HDL-C (r = −0.49∼0.79) concentrations, respectively. These proteins included apolipoproteins and numerous unexpected intracellular and extracellular matrix binding proteins, likely originating in hepatic and peripheral tissues. Relative abundance of two-thirds of the HDL proteome varied with inflammation, with acute phase reactants higher by 4∼40%, and proteins involved in HDL biosynthesis, cholesterol efflux, vitamin transport, angiogenesis, and tissue repair lower by 3∼20%. Untargeted plasma proteomics detects comprehensive sets of both known and novel lipoprotein-associated proteins likely reflecting systemic regulation of lipoprotein metabolism and vascular homeostasis. Inflammation-altered distributions of the HDL proteome may be predisposing undernourished populations to early chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Eun Lee
- Center for Human Nutrition Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kerry Schulze
- Center for Human Nutrition Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Christine P Stewart
- Program in International and Community Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - Robert N Cole
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lee S-F Wu
- Center for Human Nutrition Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Abdulkerim Eroglu
- Center for Human Nutrition Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - James D Yager
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - John Groopman
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Parul Christian
- Center for Human Nutrition Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Keith P West
- Center for Human Nutrition Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
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194
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195
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Tang F, Pan MH, Wan X, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Sun SC. Kif18a regulates Sirt2-mediated tubulin acetylation for spindle organization during mouse oocyte meiosis. Cell Div 2018; 13:9. [PMID: 30459823 PMCID: PMC6234775 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-018-0042-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During oocyte meiosis, the cytoskeleton dynamics, especially spindle organization, are critical for chromosome congression and segregation. However, the roles of the kinesin superfamily in this process are still largely unknown. Results In the present study, Kif18a, a member of the kinesin-8 family, regulated spindle organization through its effects on tubulin acetylation in mouse oocyte meiosis. Our results showed that Kif18a is expressed and mainly localized in the spindle region. Knock down of Kif18a caused the failure of first polar body extrusion, dramatically affecting spindle organization and resulting in severe chromosome misalignment. Further analysis showed that the disruption of Kif18a caused an increase in acetylated tubulin level, which might be the reason for the spindle organization defects after Kif18a knock down in oocyte meiosis, and the decreased expression of deacetylase Sirt2 was found after Kif18a knock down. Moreover, microinjections of tubulin K40R mRNA, which could induce tubulin deacetylation, protected the oocytes from the effects of Kif18a downregulation, resulting in normal spindle morphology in Kif18a-knock down oocytes. Conclusions Taken together, our results showed that Kif18a affected Sirt2-mediated tubulin acetylation level for spindle organization during mouse oocyte meiosis. Our results not only revealed the critical effect of Kif18a on microtubule stability, but also extended our understanding of kinesin activity in meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Meng-Hao Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Xiang Wan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Yujie Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Shao-Chen Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
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196
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Onelli E, Scali M, Caccianiga M, Stroppa N, Morandini P, Pavesi G, Moscatelli A. Microtubules play a role in trafficking prevacuolar compartments to vacuoles in tobacco pollen tubes. Open Biol 2018; 8:180078. [PMID: 30381363 PMCID: PMC6223213 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.180078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fine regulation of exocytosis and endocytosis plays a basic role in pollen tube growth. Excess plasma membrane secreted during pollen tube elongation is known to be retrieved by endocytosis and partially reused in secretory pathways through the Golgi apparatus. Dissection of endocytosis has enabled distinct degradation pathways to be identified in tobacco pollen tubes and has shown that microtubules influence the transport of plasma membrane internalized in the tip region to vacuoles. Here, we used different drugs affecting the polymerization state of microtubules together with SYP21, a marker of prevacuolar compartments, to characterize trafficking of prevacuolar compartments in Nicotiana tabacum pollen tubes. Ultrastructural and biochemical analysis showed that microtubules bind SYP21-positive microsomes. Transient transformation of pollen tubes with LAT52-YFP-SYP21 revealed that microtubules play a key role in the delivery of prevacuolar compartments to tubular vacuoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Onelli
- Department of Biosciences, Milan University, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Scali
- Department of Life Science, Siena University, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Caccianiga
- Department of Biosciences, Milan University, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Stroppa
- Department of Biosciences, Milan University, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Piero Morandini
- Department of Biosciences, Milan University, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Pavesi
- Department of Biosciences, Milan University, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
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197
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Fischer TD, Dash PK, Liu J, Waxham MN. Morphology of mitochondria in spatially restricted axons revealed by cryo-electron tomography. PLoS Biol 2018; 16:e2006169. [PMID: 30222729 PMCID: PMC6160218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2006169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons project axons to local and distal sites and can display heterogeneous morphologies with limited physical dimensions that may influence the structure of large organelles such as mitochondria. Using cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET), we characterized native environments within axons and presynaptic varicosities to examine whether spatial restrictions within these compartments influence the morphology of mitochondria. Segmented tomographic reconstructions revealed distinctive morphological characteristics of mitochondria residing at the narrowed boundary between presynaptic varicosities and axons with limited physical dimensions (approximately 80 nm), compared to mitochondria in nonspatially restricted environments. Furthermore, segmentation of the tomograms revealed discrete organizations between the inner and outer membranes, suggesting possible independent remodeling of each membrane in mitochondria at spatially restricted axonal/varicosity boundaries. Thus, cryo-ET of mitochondria within axonal subcompartments reveals that spatial restrictions do not obstruct mitochondria from residing within them, but limited available space can influence their gross morphology and the organization of the inner and outer membranes. These findings offer new perspectives on the influence of physical and spatial characteristics of cellular environments on mitochondrial morphology and highlight the potential for remarkable structural plasticity of mitochondria to adapt to spatial restrictions within axons. Neurons are complex cells that communicate with each other via axons that can extend over distances of a meter or longer. Axons place enormous demands on neuronal energy production, and to maintain connections with local and distal targets, neurons have efficient systems that transport mitochondria to areas of high energy consumption. However, axons show variable dimensions, sometimes thinning to a diameter significantly smaller than the standard diameter of mitochondria, raising the question of how mitochondrial structures can adapt to the local spatial environment. In the present study, we employed electron tomography to investigate the physical and structural relationships between thin axons and the mitochondria that reside within them. We discovered that mitochondria exhibit a remarkable constriction of outer and inner membrane structure in regions of restricted physical dimensions of the axonal space. These findings highlight the remarkable structural plasticity of mitochondria and the potential influence of available space within cells on the structure of mitochondria. Given that maintaining a population of properly localized mitochondria is necessary to support synaptic function, the findings also suggest an adaptive role for mitochondrial structure in facilitating efficient axonal transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara D. Fischer
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States America
| | - Pramod K. Dash
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - M. Neal Waxham
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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198
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Shah SH, Goldberg JL. The Role of Axon Transport in Neuroprotection and Regeneration. Dev Neurobiol 2018; 78:998-1010. [PMID: 30027690 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Retinal ganglion cells and other central nervous system neurons fail to regenerate after injury. Understanding the obstacles to survival and regeneration, and overcoming them, is key to preserving and restoring function. While comparisons in the cellular changes seen in these non-regenerative cells with those that do have intrinsic regenerative ability has yielded many candidate genes for regenerative therapies, complete visual recovery has not yet been achieved. Insights gained from neurodegenerative diseases, like glaucoma, underscore the importance of axonal transport of organelles, mRNA, and effector proteins in injury and disease. Targeting molecular motor networks, and their cargoes, may be necessary for realizing complete axonal regeneration and vision restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahil H Shah
- Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.,Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, California.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San Diego, California
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199
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Zhao X, Zhou LL, Li X, Ni J, Chen P, Ma R, Wu J, Feng J. Overexpression of KIF20A confers malignant phenotype of lung adenocarcinoma by promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. Cancer Med 2018; 7:4678-4689. [PMID: 30105795 PMCID: PMC6143951 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing studies showed that kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A) was overexpessed in several types of cancer, and its overexpression correlated with the oncogenesis and prognosis of cancers. However, little is known about the role of KIF20A in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). In this study, we employed the bioinformatics analysis to identify the upregulation of KIF20A in LUAD, then verified the results in human tumor specimens and LUAD cell lines. Compared with normal lung tissues, a ubiquitous upregulation of KIF20A was observed in LUAD tissues by immunohistochemistry (IHC) as well as TCGA analysis. Higher expression of KIF20A was significantly associated with more advanced clinicopathological features and shorter overall survival (OS). Moreover, multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that KIF20A was an independent prognostic factor for OS. The expression of KIF20A was significantly elevated in LUAD cell lines. After silencing KIF20A, lung cancer cell cycle arrested in G1 phase and apoptosis increased. The same results were observed in vivo. Thus, our study demonstrated that KIF20A might confer malignant phenotype to LUAD by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis, providing a new potential biomarker for clinical treatment of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhao
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Insititute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oncology, First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Fourth Affliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei-Lei Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Affliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyou Li
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Insititute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Ni
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Insititute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Oncology, First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Fourth Affliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong Ma
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Insititute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianzhong Wu
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Insititute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jifeng Feng
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Insititute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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200
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Tsukamoto M, Chiba K, Sobu Y, Shiraki Y, Okumura Y, Hata S, Kitamura A, Nakaya T, Uchida S, Kinjo M, Taru H, Suzuki T. The cytoplasmic region of the amyloid β-protein precursor (APP) is necessary and sufficient for the enhanced fast velocity of APP transport by kinesin-1. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:2716-2724. [PMID: 30055048 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid β-protein precursor (APP) is transported mainly by kinesin-1 and at a higher velocity than other kinesin-1 cargos, such as Alcadein α (Alcα); this is denoted by the enhanced fast velocity (EFV). Interaction of the APP cytoplasmic region with kinesin-1, which is essential for EFV transport, is mediated by JNK-interacting protein 1 (JIP1). To determine the roles of interactions between the APP luminal region and cargo components, we monitored transport of chimeric cargo receptors, Alcα (luminal)-APP (cytoplasmic) and APP (luminal)-Alcα (cytoplasmic). Alcα-APP is transported at the EFV, whereas APP-Alcα is transported at the same velocity as wild-type Alcα. Thus, the cytoplasmic region of APP is necessary and sufficient for the EFV of APP transport by kinesin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoko Tsukamoto
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Chiba
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuriko Sobu
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuzuha Shiraki
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuka Okumura
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Saori Hata
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akira Kitamura
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Dynamics, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Nakaya
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Seiichi Uchida
- Human interface Laboratory, Department of Advanced Information Technology, Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masataka Kinjo
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Dynamics, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Taru
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Suzuki
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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